[HN Gopher] Telling Stories in Athenian Law [pdf] (2002)
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       Telling Stories in Athenian Law [pdf] (2002)
        
       Author : asimpletune
       Score  : 29 points
       Date   : 2024-12-22 11:49 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (classicalstudies.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (classicalstudies.org)
        
       | tiahura wrote:
       | See eg, David Ball - Theater Tips and Strategies for Jury Trials
       | 
       | Theme and narrative are at the core of trying a case. HOWEVER,
       | having tried jury trials, my experience is that jurors focus on
       | the star witness for Plaintiff, the star witness for Defendant,
       | and then decide which one they believe. Narrative definitely
       | helps shape the approach, but all the psychodrama in the world
       | won't make an unbelievable witness believable.
        
       | A_D_E_P_T wrote:
       | > _" Another approach to the speech would be to take its
       | rhetorical and performative features as evidence for the view
       | that Athenian trials are essentially rhetorical struggles between
       | opposing litigants for a status-based supremacy, and are
       | generally unconcerned with the strict applicability of the law to
       | the relevant facts."_
       | 
       | There are two things worth highlighting that the author doesn't
       | really go into.
       | 
       | First, as Richard Posner put it in The Problems of
       | Jurisprudence," _" Natural Law had more bite in Greek thought
       | than it has in ours."_ In other words, the law was primarily a
       | manner of sublimating the instincts for revenge and for fair
       | play. It would be quite correct to say that Greek law _was_
       | Natural Law, and that they would not allow codes or precedents to
       | twist the administration of the law into something unjust. This
       | is a point in their favor.
       | 
       | Second -- and this is seen throughout the Greek world, including
       | very famously in the Iliad and in the trial of Socrates --
       | passing judgment was an extension of the sovereign's right to
       | govern, and virtually all sovereigns believed that the judgments
       | they pass _should be popular with the people._ Even if a matter
       | of Natural Law is clear, they might not prosecute it if it is
       | unpopular -- or, conversely, they might use the sovereign right
       | to administer the law to pursue unjust but popular ends. (Though
       | this was uncommon and the practice of ostracism may have grown to
       | soften this urge.) This is a point against the Greeks.
       | 
       | So: A legal system not beholden to black-letter law, but very
       | sensitive to popular sentiment. Of course stories had an awful
       | lot of power. Much more than they have today.
       | 
       | In the film Pirates of the Caribbean (2003) there is a "pirate
       | code" -- but at certain points the pirates just break the code.
       | The excuse Captain Hector Barbossa (Barbarossa) gives to his
       | snooty and respectable prisoners is that "The code is more what
       | you'd call 'guidelines' than actual rules." That is the essence
       | of Greek Law.
        
         | asimpletune wrote:
         | In the quote from the essay the author is actually paraphrasing
         | some en vogue, literary type analyses that were happening then,
         | around 2010 I think. He's not expressing support for this style
         | of forensic literature in any way.
         | 
         | Instead, the author argues pretty persuasively that ancient
         | Athenian law is more similar to modern analogues than is
         | frequently understood, precisely because people who argue
         | otherwise fail to recognize the role of storytelling in our
         | modern legal system. Later, in the essay's conclusion, he says
         | that the use of story telling by ancient Athenians was more
         | free wheeling, but he goes on to say that it's was often all
         | they had to go off of in many situations. The death of
         | Eratosthenes, in his example, lacked any kind of forensics so
         | both sides basically had to tell a story that conformed to the
         | same set of facts.
         | 
         | Anyways, the natural law stuff and popular opinion also play a
         | role of course. Antigone for example risks death to recover her
         | dead brother's body even though it's been made illegal by the
         | tyrant of Thebes. Clearly Sophocles is a pretty standup guy and
         | Antigone is sympathetic, so it makes sense. Also there were all
         | sorts of demagogues who hijacked their democracy, like Kleon
         | who convinced the Athenians to reject the soartan peace
         | proposal, which was probably something they regretted
         | tremendously.
        
         | atmosx wrote:
         | > [...] should be popular with the people [...]
         | 
         | IMO thee is some nuance here. Unlike the Judaic tradition,
         | where intent shapes moral judgment, 5th-century BCE Greeks
         | prioritised consequences over motivations. What mattered was
         | the result, not the actor's internal disposition during or
         | before the act.
         | 
         | The Greek mythology, is philosophically relevant to the way
         | they thought. In Hesiod's Theogony we find Dike. Dike, goddess
         | of justice, renders decisions but relies on Zeus and his agents
         | Kratos (strength) and Bia (force) to enforce them. Yet, even
         | Zeus is bound by Themis, representing primordial institutions
         | and order. This underscores that power must respect established
         | customs and societal norms to endure. Disregarding these leads
         | to downfall and replacement by a leader who upholds them.
         | Should this bear any weight? Assuming humans are social animals
         | - I don't see how it's something we should straight-up dismiss.
         | Maybe there's a balance between making trials popularity
         | contests and completely dismissing the public opinion.
         | 
         | Socrates' trial reflects this principle. His judges, fearing
         | unrest from his supporters, offered exile not out of personal
         | sympathy, but to prevent revolt.
         | 
         | The Greeks understood that governance depends on securing the
         | support of key factions. No ruler, however autocratic, can
         | disregard the foundational structures and collective will
         | without risking collapse. IMO they were not wrong, this is true
         | today as it was true back then.
        
       | throw0101b wrote:
       | I found the book _Ancient Greek law in the 21st century_ , edited
       | by Paula Jean Perlman to be an interesting read as a layman:
       | 
       | * https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/36708211-ancient-greek-l...
       | 
       | Some interesting stuff on slaves having debt (is the debt
       | transferred with the sale of a slave, or kept with the slave's
       | master?) and owning things (like one of the largest banks in
       | Athens, since finance was not an 'honourable' way to make money,
       | so 'relegated' to less reputable people).
        
       | kemitchell wrote:
       | > In thinking about our own law, most people would acknowledge
       | the existence of literary and rhetorical features but these are
       | generally considered irrelevant to the true work of law, and in
       | many cases are judged to conflict with that work.
       | 
       | I found this unsupported assertion surprising.
       | 
       | I haven't watched many legal dramas, but my secondhand impression
       | of both TV and film is that they tend to make the US legal system
       | seem a lot more dramatic, and a lot less procedural, than it
       | really is.
       | 
       | Professors and visiting lawyers explicitly acknowledge narrative
       | building as a skill throughout my time in law school.
        
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