[HN Gopher] Decoding the telephony signals in Pink Floyd's 'The ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Decoding the telephony signals in Pink Floyd's 'The Wall'
        
       Author : matthiasl
       Score  : 221 points
       Date   : 2024-12-22 11:49 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (corelatus.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (corelatus.com)
        
       | peutetre wrote:
       | > _The number itself was probably made-up: it 's too short and
       | the area code doesn't seem valid._
       | 
       | 44 is the country code for the UK.
        
         | matthiasl wrote:
         | Author here.
         | 
         | Yep, 44 is the UK country code. The problem I got stuck on is
         | that the rest of the number, 1831, didn't make sense. I assumed
         | the number was complete, since it had the right start and stop
         | signalling (KP1/KF).
         | 
         | It's not long enough to be a London telephone number, and,
         | today, I think London numbers start with 020. The UK numbering
         | plan has changed several times since 1980, but I couldn't find
         | a time between 1980 and now where part of 1831 was a London
         | number.
         | 
         | Later on (in the addendum), it turns out that others took a
         | look at the signal in the time domain and spotted a splice,
         | i.e. digits are chopped out of the middle of the number, so the
         | area code probably isn't there at all. It could be that the
         | area code starts with 1, and then the phone number ends with
         | 831.
        
           | robthebrew wrote:
           | I remember London area codes being 01 (or 0441 from USA)
           | followed by 6 digits, so maybe 3 are missing. It would be
           | interesting to see if that landline is still available, but
           | with 1000 possibilities (01ABC831) maybe a google search
           | might be the way to go.
        
             | matthiasl wrote:
             | Interesting.
             | 
             | Normally, films use deliberately fictious numbers, e.g. in
             | the US it's always xxx555xxxxxx. Wikipedia says the UK uses
             | various area codes for the same thing, including 011x and
             | 01x1. The Pink Floyd number is a bit unusual---it's not
             | made up.
             | 
             | According to a previous analysis, the call was the album's
             | "Chief Engineer James Guthrie who called his own London
             | apartment", with a neighbour answering the phone. Someone
             | probably knows roughly where James Guthrie lived in
             | 1979/1980 and what the area code there was. But I don't.
        
               | aardvark179 wrote:
               | Okay. If the call was from within the UK then I think the
               | 0441 code would have been Swansea, but that would have
               | required 3 numbers being cut from the middle.
        
               | Polizeiposaune wrote:
               | Per https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/555_(telephone_number)#
               | Fiction..., the officially reserved block under the NANP
               | has shrunk to XXX-555-01XX, but outside of XXX-555-1212
               | (directory assistance), and toll-free 800-555-XXXX there
               | is little use of the range.
        
               | abdullahkhalids wrote:
               | There are some hits in this old phonebook [1], but one
               | needs to pay to view the records. Maybe some one else can
               | do this.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.ancestry.co.uk/search/collections/1025/?n
               | ame=Jam...
        
               | stordoff wrote:
               | > Wikipedia says the UK uses various area codes for the
               | same thing, including 011x and 01x1.
               | 
               | Ofcom has set aside blocks of numbers within many
               | different area codes for dramatic use[1]. The note on
               | Wikipedia about 011x and 01x1 is that the reserved
               | numbers in those (real) area codes usually end with 496
               | 0xxx (so, for instance, 0114 496 0000 to 0114 496 0999
               | are reserved numbers in the Sheffield/0114 area - other
               | 0114 numbers may be allocated to real customers).
               | 
               | [1] https://www.ofcom.org.uk/phones-and-broadband/phone-
               | numbers/...
        
               | kmoser wrote:
               | Somebody could contact James Guthrie since he's still
               | alive and probably has his old apartment phone number
               | written down somewhere (if not still memorized).
        
             | wdfx wrote:
             | This is correct.
             | 
             | In the 90's I recall London area prefix changed from 01 to
             | first 071 (central) and 081 (greater) and then 0171 and
             | 0181. Later still, those codes became 0207 and 0208.
             | 
             | I still notice old shop signs up with the old prefixes.
        
           | graemep wrote:
           | > I couldn't find a time between 1980 and now where part of
           | 1831 was a London number.
           | 
           | What about when outer London numbers started 081? Dialed from
           | another country with the 00 international call prefix the
           | number if could be a fragment starting from the second digit
           | (i.e. 0044 1831xxxx)?
           | 
           | the change form 01 was a big deal, and BT ran some very
           | amusing ads playing on snobbishness about where in London one
           | lived.
        
           | cf100clunk wrote:
           | Hiya, I see that you updated your blog in regards to this
           | previous HN discussion:
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28858285
           | 
           | It references a Telephone World article called ''Pink Floyd's
           | Young Lust - explained and demystified'' with great analysis
           | of the sequences heard.
        
             | matthiasl wrote:
             | The discussion is new to me.
             | 
             | I started analysing the audio because someone sent me a
             | link to the film (The Wall) on youtube and asked me about
             | the signalling. Once I'd decoded the telephone number, I
             | tried googling it, to see if someone else had already
             | figured out what it was (a US local number? the number to a
             | US operator? the number a US operator called to talk to a
             | UK operator? the number a UK operator dialled to get a
             | London number?), but nothing came up. There's quite a bit
             | of good discussion about that in the comments here.
             | 
             | A week or two later, I tried googling 'Pink Floyd Telephone
             | Call', and found that the audio actually comes from the
             | album, i.e. it's not just in the film, and a bit more
             | information about how it was made, and put that in the
             | addendum.
        
           | taylorius wrote:
           | All UK internal phone numbers start with a zero. However when
           | you dial the UK from abroad, you omit the leading zero, so
           | the UK version of the number in question would be 01831,
           | which sounds a lot like an area code (though apparently is
           | not one in current use)
        
           | fredoralive wrote:
           | A London number at the time would be from the UK (01) eee
           | nnnn where e is the exchange[1] and n is just a number, and
           | the 01 can be omitted if you're in the 01 area. For
           | intentional calls it would be (+44) 1 eee nnnn, as you omit
           | the initial 0 that on an internal UK call is an indication
           | you're dialling an STD[2] number and not a local number.
           | There doesn't seem to have been an 831 exchange at the
           | time[3], so as noted in the article the cut to shorten the
           | number is presumably somewhere in the middle.
           | 
           | In 1990 London was split into 071 (central) and 081 (areas),
           | which meant in 1995 all landlines could have an 01 prefix, so
           | London because 0171 and 0181 (and that ruined the Live and
           | Kicking phone number jingle, although I think the Going Live
           | one was better anyway) and finally in 2000 London became 020,
           | with the 7/8 moving to the first digit of the local number
           | (not that the split between local and area codes really
           | matters anymore).
           | 
           | [1] Of course, in ye olden days before all this newfangled
           | "dialling" you'd ask the operator for something like
           | "WHItehall 1212", not 944 1212 (or later 930 1212).
           | 
           | [2] Subscriber Trunk Dialling.
           | 
           | [3] https://rhaworth.net/phreak/tenp_01.php has a list,
           | although it seems to be based on a 1968 publication.
        
             | technothrasher wrote:
             | > you'd ask the operator for something like "WHItehall
             | 1212"
             | 
             | I still remember my mom making me memorize our phone number
             | when I was very young, "SPring 9 0273". It wasn't very long
             | afterward that everybody switched to all number dialing
             | though.
        
             | hinkley wrote:
             | Show me... subscriber trunk dialing. I must know
             | everything.
        
         | Tempat wrote:
         | See the note at the end of the article. It's a real number but
         | with some of the digits in the middle edited out of the
         | recording.
        
           | plapsley wrote:
           | Yes! This is what I concluded when, a few years back, I did a
           | similar analysis to what matthiasl posted. <shameless plug>
           | If you're interested in this kind of thing, please check out
           | my book, Exploding the Phone. https://explodingthephone.com
           | </shameless plug>
        
       | codevark wrote:
       | Odd. This and other PF audio figured in a dream last night. Then
       | I came downstairs and saw this.
        
         | prepend wrote:
         | Obviously we are all still in your dream. Please hold on asleep
         | as long as you can as I treasure my existence and don't want it
         | to end.
        
         | tzot wrote:
         | In a parallel universe, this thread is about the Beatles, where
         | you woke up from the dream, found your way downstairs, had a
         | coffee and somebody replied to your post.
        
       | cassiepaper wrote:
       | From: James Guthrie interview
       | 
       | > Another piece that worked better than expected was the
       | telephone operator. Roger was keen to illustrate the personal
       | disconnect of being on the road. We were in L.A. at Producer's
       | Workshop so I phoned my neighbour, Chris Fitzmorris in London. He
       | had the keys to my flat and I asked him to go there and said that
       | I would call him through an operator. "No matter how many times I
       | call", I said, "just pick up the phone, say 'Hello', let the
       | operator speak and then hang up". I placed a telephone in a
       | soundproof area, got on to an extension phone and started
       | recording to 1/4" tape. It took a couple of operators - the first
       | 2 were a bit abrupt, but the 3rd was perfect. I told her that I
       | wanted to make a collect call to Mrs. Floyd. "Who's calling?" she
       | asked. "Mr. Floyd", I replied. Chris's timing was terrific, over
       | and over he would hang up just at the right moment and she became
       | genuinely concerned. "Is there supposed to be someone there
       | besides your wife?" I was playing her along saying things like
       | "No! I don't know who that is!" "What's going on?" and she would
       | try the call again. Unwittingly, she was helping to tell the
       | story. Afterwards I went through the 1/4" and edited my voice
       | out, just leaving her and Chris. I sometimes wonder if she ever
       | heard herself on the record.
       | 
       | Source: https://www.brain-damage.co.uk/other-related-
       | interviews/jame...
        
         | mrandish wrote:
         | It's cool to hear how that came together as an improvisation.
         | It recalls a simpler time when a major album (or movie, TV
         | show, etc) could just feature your neighbor and a random
         | telephone operator without signing releases and clearing
         | rights.
         | 
         | It also gave Chris Fitzmorris (the neighbor) one of the
         | greatest "random cool thing that happened to me" stories ever.
        
           | wahnfrieden wrote:
           | Musicians still release samples without clearing them
        
             | mrandish wrote:
             | Yes, I'm aware. Although a _major_ mega band doing so on a
             | wide release album these days would be taking a significant
             | legal risk - which is why it 's now fairly rare. But back
             | in 1979 it wasn't uncommon, to the extent that one of the
             | then-biggest bands in the world could do so on their
             | biggest album project yet.
        
           | slillibri wrote:
           | Alternatively, treating the "random telephone operator" as a
           | prop and forcing them to be part of your project without
           | consent is troubling.
        
             | aaaooj wrote:
             | I do not believe that you are genuinely troubled by this.
        
               | selimthegrim wrote:
               | Okay, Data.
        
             | prepend wrote:
             | It's their job. I "forced" them to be part of my project of
             | making collect calls hundreds of times.
        
         | raywu wrote:
         | > Initially, I was shocked at how slowly everything moved! I
         | was used to working really quickly when producing and
         | engineering albums. Suddenly it was like the brakes were on and
         | often it was difficult to get the momentum going. Eventually, I
         | adapted to the Floyd pace. One of the great things about
         | working with this band is that you are allowed time to be
         | creative, to pursue an idea even if it takes some time. The
         | Floyd had a production deal to make their records and the
         | record label never heard anything until it was done. The record
         | was made purely and only by the people in the studio.
         | 
         | The creative freedom without commercial intervention - this is
         | very cool. I can almost hear it in The Wall - how grand and
         | elongated the songs are.
         | 
         | What a great interview. Thank you for linking
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | "The Floyd"?
           | 
           | Ironic that Have a Cigar was released four years before The
           | Wall:                   The band is just fantastic, that is
           | really what I think         Oh, by the way, which one's Pink?
        
             | kagakuninja wrote:
             | The band originally was The Pink Floyd (after changing
             | their name from The Tea Set)
        
               | hinkley wrote:
               | But never The Floyd. Just as the band isn't named after a
               | man called Pink.
        
               | cf100clunk wrote:
               | s/never/commonly\, in the parlance of the time\,/
        
               | WolfCop wrote:
               | It was named after a man called Pink.
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_Anderson
        
               | hinkley wrote:
               | Okay. Not named after a band member named Pink.
               | 
               | Unlike Pink, which is the stage name of the artist.
        
               | tremon wrote:
               | Curveball, the band is named after a man called Pink!
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_Anderson and
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floyd_Council
        
             | cf100clunk wrote:
             | Sorry, I don't see the irony. Anyway, having ''The'' as an
             | honourific for band names was commonplace in the UK prior
             | to the '70s, even if the band's name had not been stylized
             | with "The".
        
               | hinkley wrote:
               | It takes exactly the same amount of time to say as "Pink"
        
               | Quekid5 wrote:
               | ?
        
               | hinkley wrote:
               | It's an interview. Pink Floyd, The Floyd. Why would you
               | say The Floyd?
        
               | cf100clunk wrote:
               | Again, for people of a certain age or generation it was
               | commonplace to prepend it. I find it endearing in a
               | nostalgic way. I can infer from that person's use of it
               | that he is of that age or generation.
        
               | leptons wrote:
               | Ever see someone mention "The Donald"? It's the same
               | thing.
               | 
               | It's when something or someone gets so recognizable that
               | they can be referred to in a singular sense. There are
               | lots of instances of this throughout pop culture.
               | 
               | In the context of the interview, it's someone who was
               | part of the "Floyd-verse" (this word is a mashup of Floyd
               | and Universe, another common affectation). Pink Floyd was
               | a remarkably famous band, and they still are. Someone
               | that was part of the "Floyd-verse" naturally would have
               | felt the band as all encompassing. It wasn't just a band,
               | it was tour after tour, hit song after hit song, millions
               | and millions of fans - and getting caught up in that made
               | "Pink Floyd" seem far bigger than the sum of its parts.
               | Calling that phenomenon "The Floyd" is actually very
               | succinct, and portrays how large a cultural phenomenon
               | Pink Floyd was.
               | 
               | I have to wonder why you can't/won't understand this, or
               | if you make it your business to start pointless internet
               | arguments.
        
               | prepend wrote:
               | It's a term of familiarity. I don't think it's about
               | efficiency of speech. Nicknames aren't always about
               | shortening names.
        
               | DevKoala wrote:
               | "The Floyd" is the name a lot of people who worked with
               | the band use, it shows up on many texts and other
               | documentaries.
        
               | khazhoux wrote:
               | I'm going to listen to The Stones, then some Skynyrd,
               | maybe put on some Zeppelin or the Dead.
        
               | hinkley wrote:
               | But not The Zeppelin or The Skynyrd.
        
               | ddingus wrote:
               | Same, except I do love "Sweet Home Alabama" so it will
               | slip through.
               | 
               | I am currently burned out on Zep.
        
         | jameslk wrote:
         | I was wondering if they ever figured out who the operator was?
         | I couldn't find anything about her through my Googling. Seems
         | like she should have some credit in the album for her brilliant
         | contribution
        
           | shric wrote:
           | The session singer who did "The Great Gig in the Sky" vocals
           | on The Dark Side of the Moon famously got PS30. She later
           | sued and got an undisclosed settlement.
           | 
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clare_Torry
        
         | SoftTalker wrote:
         | "He keeps hanging up. And it's a _man_ answering. "
         | 
         | You can tell the operator was really loving that....
        
       | parpfish wrote:
       | A while back I tracked down the video clip from the show Gomer
       | Pyle that was used for the "But there's somebody else that needs
       | taking care of in Washington" background audio.
       | 
       | Seeing that in its original context was jarring
        
         | s0sa wrote:
         | I know what you mean. I recently did the same thing for the
         | little bit from Gunsmoke at the beginning of "Is There Anybody
         | Out There?", e.g. "Is it unsafe to travel at night?" -
         | incidentally spoken by actress Diana Muldaur, who later played
         | Dr. Pulaski in Star Trek TNG.
        
           | chiph wrote:
           | Now I wonder if Frankie Goes to Hollywood sampled the voice
           | on "Two Tribes" from some 1950's British government film.
           | 
           | "If your grandmother or any other member of the family Should
           | die whilst in the shelter Put them outside, but remember to
           | tag them first For identification purposes"
        
             | noizejoy wrote:
             | Almost. Not sampled from the original, but recreated by the
             | same voice actor:
             | 
             | > Actor Patrick Allen, who narrated the associated public
             | information films, recreated this narration ... [0]
             | 
             | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protect_and_Survive#Cultu
             | ral_i...
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | "Stewardess, I speak Jive." Will to me always be the weirdest
           | later screen appearance. June Cleaver arguing in jive is hard
           | to beat.
        
       | defaultcompany wrote:
       | On the cassette tape version of The Wall I had if you flipped the
       | cassette over during this phone call sequence it would end up
       | being right in the middle of another song (can't remember which
       | one) which has this recording playing as part of the background.
       | I feel like it couldn't have been intentional but who knows.
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | I'm betting subconscious but intentional. I've heard a couple
         | artists talk about how they organize an album and there's a
         | vibe they're going for but I didn't get the impression any of
         | them had it down to anything like a science.
         | 
         | Dark Side of the Moon and the Wizard of Oz. It's just two
         | artists putting a story arc together by feel and getting the
         | same shape. A bit birthday paradox, but a bit shared vibe.
         | 
         | In the case of The Wall, I would bet a certain degree of
         | symmetry was being reached for. Few artists want to leave or
         | start an album on a sour note, but there will be songs in the
         | middle that are.
         | 
         | One of the things I miss from the pre-streaming era is that
         | "nobody" listens to whole albums at a time anymore, and I find
         | that a shame. I used to start humming the next song on the
         | album when I would hear things on the radio. Makes it worse
         | when they trim the intro or outro for radio play though. I
         | prefer the album version of Wish You Were Here, for instance.
        
           | dotancohen wrote:
           | My then-15 year old daughter surprised me a few years ago. We
           | had just pulled up to the house. Instead of opening the car
           | door, she put on Led Zeppelin I and we sat in the car
           | listening to the entire album together. I honestly think that
           | was the first time in her life that she put on an entire
           | album to listen to.
           | 
           | And she did appreciate what an experience it was - like
           | watching a movie when all you've ever seen were Youtube
           | Shorts, or like reading a novel when all you've ever read
           | were memes.
        
             | hinkley wrote:
             | Most good albums have one song that was never released as a
             | single, that's just for the fans. So even beyond the
             | "story" the album contaminates, they miss important
             | chapters.
             | 
             | Anyone who talks about Tears for Fears, a side conversation
             | about The Working Hour will start. Throwing Copper had five
             | or six singles released over almost three years, but Pillar
             | of Davidson is still my favorite song from that album, and
             | one of my favorites overall. I could listen to Kashmir or
             | PoD in much the same mood. They just build and build.
             | 
             | It would be similar to Patreon content today (though
             | writers with Patreon or magazine articles often release
             | collections later that have all of the rarer content.
             | Martha Wells is the first to spring to my mind, and Naomi
             | Novik for another)
        
           | prepend wrote:
           | > One of the things I miss from the pre-streaming era is that
           | "nobody" listens to whole albums at a time anymore
           | 
           | I've been looking forward to finding out how Aphex Twin has
           | built projects around the streaming format. It may take many
           | more years and releases until someone finds out something
           | like the ten seconds from 0:30-0:40 on all his tracks work
           | when randomly played together in any order, or something
           | along those line.
        
         | dvh wrote:
         | Alphaville's second album Afternoons in Utopia starts with
         | quiet muffled word "night", then followed by few seconds of
         | silence and then first song called IAO starts. The last song on
         | that album is about Lady Bright:                   There was a
         | young lady named Bright         Who's speed was much faster,
         | much faster than light         She departed one day         In
         | a relative way         And returned on the previous...
        
           | criddell wrote:
           | The first words on Pink Floyd's _The Wall_ are "... we came
           | in?". The last words on the album are "Isn't this where ...".
        
             | hinkley wrote:
             | If memory serves, I believe record players that could flip
             | the records were contemporary to the release of The Wall.
             | My parents didn't have a flipper but they had a player that
             | could play a stack of records and The Wall was the first or
             | second LP try bought to play on it.
             | 
             | That definitely works on an auto reversing tape deck, which
             | it looks like existed for fifteen years prior.
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | Related:
       | 
       |  _Pink Floyd 's 'The Wall': A Complete Analysis_
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42402981
        
       | joey_spaztard wrote:
       | This brings back memories of being a clueless script kid in the
       | 1990s.
       | 
       | I knew those tones as CCITT5 tones.
       | 
       | In the days of blueboxing I had a 486 laptop that I acquired
       | because the harddrive died and booted from floppys, a DOS program
       | called 'The Little Operator' that played tones and a photocopy of
       | a book about telephone switching.
        
         | matthiasl wrote:
         | You're right; I think CCITT5 is just another name for SS5,
         | because different groups were writing standards. Bell called it
         | one thing, CCITT (an international standards group) called it
         | another thing. And then in the 1990s, the CCITT renamed itself
         | to ITU.
        
           | plapsley wrote:
           | Yes. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signaling_System_No._5
           | 
           | SS5 was derived from AT&T's US MF signaling system, described
           | in "Signaling Systems for Control of Telephone Switching" by
           | Breen and Dahlbom, Bell System Technical Journal, November
           | 1960. PDF here:
           | https://explodingthephone.com/hoppdocs/breen1960.pdf
           | 
           | The BSTJ article has a discussion on international signaling
           | on pp. 1430-1441.
        
             | plapsley wrote:
             | CCITT (ITU-T) version can be downloaded for free (!) from
             | their website.
             | https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-Q.140-Q.180-198811-I/en
             | Specific download link in English is https://www.itu.int/re
             | c/dologin_pub.asp?lang=e&id=T-REC-Q.14...
        
       | qwertox wrote:
       | > https://telephoneworld.org/landline-telephone-history/pink-f...
       | 
       | Doesn't the internet still have some pretty places?
        
         | cf100clunk wrote:
         | We did that one already:
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28858285
        
       | codazoda wrote:
       | Young Lust is the song where this operator is heard.
       | 
       | Not being an audiophile, it took me some time to figure out the
       | specific song. My brother had The Wall album, and I enjoyed it,
       | but I never listened to it on my own. I went back and listened to
       | it again for the context.
       | 
       | I really enjoy music but I don't listen to it as often I'd like.
       | I think part of the reason is that I have difficulty
       | concentrating when there is audio in the background. Some of my
       | software engineer co-workers can turn on music or a video while
       | they work, but I'm more productive in silence.
        
         | ahmedfromtunis wrote:
         | I have the same issue. When I turn music on, I can't stop
         | focusing on it and losing track of whatever intellectual task
         | I'm on. The only thing I can listen to while writing/reading is
         | white noise or nature sounds type of thing.
         | 
         | Also, having a show play in the background while I do something
         | else like many people love to do? I can't do it.
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | This has changed for me over time. I've been trying to learn
           | a new framework and working on leetcode problems. I used to
           | put on an old album and go into Flow state, but now it's too
           | much at once. I dunno if it's age or just being out of
           | practice.
           | 
           | Less than fifteen years an ago someone caught me listening to
           | music while watching an old movie and typing on my computer
           | at the same time. I was like, I can explain.
        
       | jhoechtl wrote:
       | And what us the number in Knocking on Heavens door, the Guns
       | n'roses version?
        
       | greenavocado wrote:
       | Nice; Now do an analysis of The Telephone Call by Kraftwerk on
       | the album Electric Cafe
        
       | DidYaWipe wrote:
       | Odd that the author thinks this sequence originated with the
       | movie, when it's present on the album. He says "we know the
       | number is" such and such without saying how.
        
       | weinzierl wrote:
       | So we know a couple of digits and the splice points. We also know
       | the date. Phone numbers used to be public back then.
       | 
       | It would be fun to grep for the pattern in the matching phone
       | book to see if someone in Pink Floyd's circles comes up.
       | 
       | Only problem is to get hold of a digital version of the phone
       | book. It strikes me as odd how hard it is to retrieve information
       | that used to be so ubiquitous.
       | 
       | Not too long ago police in Germany asked publicly for information
       | about certain phone numbers related to the Madeleine McCann case.
       | Apparently not even the police has an archive of old phone books.
        
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