[HN Gopher] Demand for Starlink in Zimbabwe is overwhelming capa...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Demand for Starlink in Zimbabwe is overwhelming capacity
        
       Author : impish9208
       Score  : 68 points
       Date   : 2024-12-13 13:59 UTC (4 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (restofworld.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (restofworld.org)
        
       | misiti3780 wrote:
       | is there any reason to think this will be a trend all over the
       | world where people have shitty internet?
        
         | Crosseye_Jack wrote:
         | Sure it will be, as long as the price is right. If you live in
         | the sticks, not serviced by fibre/cable then 200meg for PS75p/m
         | isn't the end of the world (if you can afford it).
         | 
         | But if you can be serviced with fibre/cable then it's just not
         | worth it (imo).
         | 
         | For example where I live, I could get 500/75 meg fttp
         | connection for less than half the per month cost of starlink,
         | not have to fork over PS300 for hardware upfront, nor pay for
         | shipping or Starlinks congestion charge, and I'm not even in an
         | area that offers an altnet (which would either be cheaper still
         | and/or offer a symmetrical service).
         | 
         | But if I was stuck on a shitty copper line with very low
         | speeds, didn't want to move, and mobile internet wasn't an
         | option. I would consider using it. But all depends on if you
         | can afford it to determine if it's a good value or not.
        
         | lxgr wrote:
         | Hopefully! If nothing else, it's great to have an upper cap on
         | what local ISPs can maximally charge and minimally provide in
         | terms of bandwidth.
         | 
         | But something tells me that it won't universally receive a
         | license. At least some government-owned or incumbent ISPs will
         | probably succeed in lobbying the government to protect their
         | investments in some way, for better or worse.
         | 
         | For example, Saint Helena (which is extremely remote and until
         | recently had only geostationary-based slow internet connections
         | with low data caps) doesn't allow Starlink, apparently because
         | the government has invested a lot in a new fiber project and
         | wants to recoup that cost at least partially from ISP
         | subscriptions rather than people switching to Starlink.
        
         | nordsieck wrote:
         | > is there any reason to think this will be a trend all over
         | the world where people have shitty internet?
         | 
         | I think it really depends on _why_ the region has bad internet.
         | 
         | If it's because the government officials wants kickbacks from
         | ISPs, they're probably not going to give SpaceX a license to
         | circumvent that arrangement.
         | 
         | If it's because the infrastructure is bad, and there's no money
         | to improve it at the moment, I'd probably be more hopeful.
        
       | gcormier wrote:
       | Canada checking in. Data caps have only recently increased. Note,
       | I did not say things got cheaper. My understanding is the
       | Canadian government asked for a lower $ per GB. This means by
       | throwing data at customers that isn't needed, they're actually
       | charging "less".
       | 
       | I think Starlink is a huge game changer for rural Canadian areas
       | served only by copper, and to be honest, I'm not sure if Bell
       | cares when the large cities are where most of the population is
       | and that's where they can make their money.
        
         | freedomben wrote:
         | Indeed. Rural areas have always been neglected due to The
         | economic realities. It's just very expensive to build and
         | maintain infrastructure out here to less dense populations, and
         | realistically The big earners who could afford to pay high
         | rates are all in the city. There are sometimes requirements
         | forcing providers to deliver some service, but they will always
         | do the bare minimum because there is just much more money to be
         | made in the denser areas. Starlink is the first time where the
         | script is being flipped somewhat. Starlink works better with
         | less density. It is also delivering reliable and excellent
         | service. I have been using starlink since it was very first
         | available, and it has really been life-changing.
        
       | M_bara wrote:
       | Same thing in Kenya. A 150km radius around Nairobi is maxed out.
       | I have a fishy kit that can't join due to capacity issues. In
       | fact, the advent of Starlink - which had acquired 0.5% of the
       | entire market - has rattled the existing players so much that, 1.
       | They've doubled available bandwidth for residential plans without
       | increasing cost. Safaricom went way overboard and 5x-ed plans. So
       | if you were on 40mbit for $40 USD, you'd get 200mbit for the same
       | cost. 2. They are all writing letters to the fcc equivalent
       | crying about GSM spectrum interference (duh...) and predatory
       | pricing [1]. I'm all for more competition! I'm only considering
       | moving to Starlink due to frequent fibre cuts.
       | 
       | 1.
       | https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/bd/corporate/technology/...
        
         | ImJamal wrote:
         | What is a "fishy kit"? When I tried looking it up the results
         | were for aquariums.
        
           | lxgr wrote:
           | Probably "dishy": Their terminal is internally called "Dishy
           | McFlatface".
        
             | M_bara wrote:
             | Yep, blame my phone's auto correct...
        
               | ImJamal wrote:
               | No worries. I just thought you were trying to connect
               | starlink to a fish tank and wanted to know more.
        
           | blacksmith_tb wrote:
           | "Kit" is synonymous with "gear", so I took that to mean "I
           | have some unreliable equipment..."
        
         | lxgr wrote:
         | How would Starlink (the Ka band service) interfere with GSM
         | frequencies?
         | 
         | Or is that about the new "direct to cell" product? Is that even
         | being launched near Kenya (presumably it'd not emit anything
         | over areas it does not have a license in)?
        
           | RicoElectrico wrote:
           | Obviously it doesn't, but government officials everywhere are
           | technically inept by default. It's a FUD.
        
             | M_bara wrote:
             | Precisely,Safaricom also alleged that they would allow for
             | illegal connections... perhaps they meant connections that
             | we can't easily wiretap on behalf of the government.
             | Interestingly, during the protests a few months ago, the
             | government severely throttled all external connections by
             | putting a few interfaces down at the fibre sea landing
             | points. Only Starlink users were getting good connectivity.
             | A lot of folks migrated at that point.
        
         | rcxdude wrote:
         | Interesting, because in principle they don't need to bother so
         | much. Starlink doesn't actually have the capacity to provide
         | that kind of connection to everyone in a densely populated
         | area, there are underlying limits to how much bandwidth they
         | can provide to a given area, so it's not given at all that they
         | will be able to grow drastically beyond that 0.5% or so (I
         | wouldn't be surprised if they can get a bit more capacity, but
         | it's just not likely to be able to meet even a large fraction
         | of the demand).
        
           | CSMastermind wrote:
           | Can you help me understand the fundamental limitations?
           | 
           | I remember people saying that about cell phone networks but
           | clever engineering has meant more and more capacity (and
           | bandwidth) in spite of the laws of nature.
        
             | nordsieck wrote:
             | The issue is, there just aren't that many satellites in
             | orbit. 7000 (for SpaceX, less for other networks) for the
             | globe means that only a few connections over a particular
             | geographical area end up causing serious congestion.
             | 
             | SpaceX is pushing hard to address this - they'll probably
             | end up launching ~135 times this year, and are aiming for
             | more than 180 times next year[2], most of which will be
             | Starlink. But no matter how many satellites are in orbit,
             | there just won't be the bandwidth to service dense urban
             | areas.
             | 
             | The reason that cell phones work is because there are _so
             | many cell towers_. And, those towers have a density that
             | correlates with demand.
             | 
             | The problem with LEO satellites is, they have to evenly
             | cover the Earth[1]. Which means that a level of service
             | sufficient for a dense urban area would mean that rest of
             | the world would be ridiculously over provisioned.
             | 
             | ---
             | 
             | 1. It's more complicated than that. Specifically, providers
             | can use inclination to limit orbits to mid latitudes. But
             | that only helps so much.
             | 
             | 2. These numbers may not mean much to you, but they are
             | _absurd_ compared to pre-SpaceX years. SpaceX is doing more
             | launches in a year than most rockets do in their entire
             | lifetimes. A normal year for a SpaceX competitor like ULA
             | is 4-10 launches, although those companies are also aiming
             | to ramp up as Starlink competitors like Kuiper demand more
             | launch volume.
        
             | erikpukinskis wrote:
             | In any given place there are 3-4 Starlink satellites
             | visible at a time. The bandwidth on each is somewhere in
             | the 20 Gbps range.
             | 
             | So if you have 200 people using one satellite that's no
             | problem. 800 people using that whole cluster of visible
             | satellites is also no problem. With 8000 simultaneous users
             | you're all down to 10 Mbps which is starting to get a bit
             | limiting.
             | 
             | Each satellite covers an area about 15 miles across. About
             | 100 square miles.
             | 
             | So... that works out to... something like 100 simultaneous
             | users per square mile max.
             | 
             | That's all back of the napkin math obviously... 1000 users
             | packed into a small city surrounded by corn fields would be
             | fine. 1000 users around every subway stop in NYC wouldn't
             | work even if the density is the same.
        
               | threeseed wrote:
               | > which is starting to get a bit limiting
               | 
               | Extremely limiting given that streaming services are
               | increasingly moving towards timed releases of
               | shows/movies e.g. Silo is released on a Friday.
               | 
               | So a popular show could wipe out all capacity with enough
               | people continuously caching a 4k stream.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _it 's not given at all that they will be able to grow
           | drastically beyond that 0.5% or so_
           | 
           | In a country with 33% internet penetration [1], that's 1.5%
           | of the market. And the top 1.5% of the market can easily be
           | more than 10% of the profits in the market.
           | 
           | [1] https://tradingeconomics.com/zimbabwe/individuals-using-
           | the-...
        
       | faraixyz wrote:
       | I'm glad they're here to shake things up, our local ISPs are
       | insane. You should see some of the quotes I've gotten for
       | internet[1] at work and that's in a rather dense place out of the
       | city center! The worse wat $650/month for 8Mbps! The $100 plan I
       | get at work is probably overkill but the internet is no longer a
       | bottleneck to our work like it once was with 20 devices using a
       | 5MBps ADSL line. Before it was legal people smuggled kits in and
       | used the roaming plans from a neighboring country. The $350
       | sounds like a lot, but that's what the fibre providers charge to
       | terminate at your house, more if they need to lay more cable.
       | You'll find plenty in the ghetto areas.
       | 
       | At home I've got fibre which is about as good as Starlink offers
       | for $100. It used to be 20Mbps and it went up to 75Mbps max late
       | last year when it looked like starlink would enter and they're
       | gonna do 300MBps soon. It seems local ISPs are trying to do
       | better offering more bandwidth though it's still expensive and
       | heavily abuses "up to" marketing. Like, there's no reason that
       | ISP can't offer 20MBps for $30.
       | 
       | It's not the easiest country to do business, there are a lot of
       | exchange rate shenanigans and ISPs seem addicted to rent seeking.
       | Heck, getting Starlink approved seemed to be a huge mission that
       | surprised the execs working on it.
       | 
       | Funny bit is that I messed up ordering the kit at work so it's in
       | my name meaning I can technically buy the kit off of them and
       | they can get on a business plan without a waiting list or using
       | the overpriced "authorized providers".
       | 
       | [1]: https://im.farai.xyz/the-classics/blog/zim-internet-sucks/
        
         | lurking_swe wrote:
         | this blew my mind: "The worse wat $650/month for 8Mbps"
         | 
         | insane.
        
         | fwip wrote:
         | Are those prices in USD, or a local currency? (Apologies for
         | not knowing which local currency to ask about; it seems that
         | Zimbabwe changed currency recently and no longer uses the
         | Zimbabwean Dollar?)
        
           | oblio wrote:
           | I'm guessing the local currency as Zimbabwe's GDP per capita
           | is $2,005, so salaries have to be lower. I doubt anyone could
           | afford to pay 30% of their yearly income on an internet
           | connection :-)
        
             | loeg wrote:
             | So like, 67% of Zimbabweans don't have internet (2022).
        
             | IncreasePosts wrote:
             | No, it is definitely USD. $650 ZWD would be like $2USD. I
             | doubt OP is complaining about that.
        
       | ethagknight wrote:
       | Is there any benefit, from Starlink's perspective for them to
       | sell 'reseller kits' for a single ground based antenna to serve a
       | neighborhood? Or are Starlink's radios so efficient that it
       | doesn't really matter?
       | 
       | Also, I wonder why Starlink wouldn't have more demand-based
       | pricing based on consumption? With a very finite service window
       | at least for the next 10 years, seems like each allotment of time
       | talking to a satellite is worth a highly variable amount
       | depending on its location.
        
       | bamboozled wrote:
       | We really, really need a competitor before we end up with the
       | "one world internet" type situation, at least in the developing
       | world.
        
         | threeseed wrote:
         | The competitor is domestic fibre and every country is rolling
         | it out, albeit slowly.
         | 
         | Starlink will increasingly just be a product for rural and
         | niche use cases.
        
           | vermilingua wrote:
           | "Increasingly" doing a lot of heavy lifting there, fiber
           | rollouts are slow and complex and still lend to the kind of
           | semi-natural monopoly that's caused massive ISP price gouging
           | in western urban areas. I agree that fibre ultimately
           | dominates the last-mile market, but Starlink et al. are still
           | needed to keep last-mile providers to account.
        
           | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
           | And the niche will get smaller. I live in a rural area, and
           | while we had to wait a few years, they finally pulled fiber
           | to the houses around here.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-12-17 23:00 UTC)