[HN Gopher] Crystal Ball Trading Game
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Crystal Ball Trading Game
        
       Author : EvgeniyZh
       Score  : 225 points
       Date   : 2024-12-15 07:22 UTC (15 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (elmwealth.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (elmwealth.com)
        
       | lizzas wrote:
       | The trick for most people is don't trade ever until you have
       | great insight. Better to SP500 it until that happens. Don't data
       | mine.
       | 
       | A good headline for trading is rare, think disasters, election
       | wins maybe. Interest rate changes.
       | 
       | Better would be insider info (not insider trading). You work
       | somewhere so you sussed out their sauce but to the market it is
       | yet another company. Pre or soon after IPO is best.
        
         | ta12653421 wrote:
         | in most cases, soon after IPO is a bad idea to sell, since
         | insiders and first-salers
         | 
         | its a good entry point, id say - though IPO trading in general
         | is a huge risk, rather pick stable/established ticker items
        
           | lizzas wrote:
           | The point is to buy at a good price. If you know it is a good
           | price at IPO then why not?
           | 
           | I am not advocating IPO trading.
           | 
           | I am saying join unicorn X, see of they have a good plan, if
           | the company is well run etc.
           | 
           | You can tell because you are working there. Then if it is a
           | good buy buy it, otherwise don't.
           | 
           | It is a bit like a hunter "tracking" their deer for 2 days
           | rather than walking around shaking trees.
        
             | fragmede wrote:
             | Unfortunately that's not enough to guarantee success. Even
             | the most well run company can still fail to find product
             | market fit, just be at the wrong time, or just get screwed
             | over by external factors or even other internal factors.
             | Conversely, a poorly run company with a toxic culture can
             | succeed despite problems a rank and file employee might
             | see.
             | 
             | If you've joined unicorn X pre-IPO, you've hopefully got a
             | decent amount of pre-IPO options, at which point might I
             | suggest diversifying in case the market doesn't share your
             | confidence in the company.
        
         | bostik wrote:
         | The quote from Margin Call is used a lot, but the more I look
         | at the world, the more I believe it's a naive take. _There are
         | three ways to make a living in this business: be first, be
         | smarter, or cheat._
         | 
         | That statement has the wrong boolean operator: the implicit OR
         | in place of commas should be replaced with AND operators. The
         | reason is simple - if you are not willing to cheat, you are
         | leaving an edge to those who do.
        
           | curiousObject wrote:
           | >if you are not willing to cheat, you are leaving an edge to
           | those who do.
           | 
           | You don't have to be the best player or to cheat on the poker
           | table for +ev
           | 
           | You have to be better than the bad players, and know when to
           | fold against a better player
           | 
           | You will make less profit than cheats. But, you won't have to
           | cheat
        
             | aziaziazi wrote:
             | > You have to be better than the bad players
             | 
             | That is easier with fair opponents. Cheating could help the
             | worse poker player to win.
             | 
             | In a field of apple tree, the best/fast/cheater climbers
             | got the most apples but eventually everyone showing up can
             | pick one or patient for the next season.
             | 
             | Pocket and finance needs at the very least one looser for
             | the others to win something. Others cheating and you not,
             | _does_ lower your chances to win.
        
           | ant6n wrote:
           | To ,,make a living in this business", the OR will suffice.
        
           | keithalewis wrote:
           | Worked for Renaissance Technologies: https://www.ft.com/conte
           | nt/8cef8c70-5d02-4762-9100-2d92d0c76...
        
             | lmm wrote:
             | They didn't exactly cheat. According to the rules as
             | written, what they did was acceptable. Others who were
             | slightly less blatant about it were permitted, and continue
             | to be permitted, to do the same thing.
        
             | TeaBrain wrote:
             | That tax case didn't concern their alpha. It was a result
             | of the ruling body deciding that they had inaccurately
             | grouped short term profits with long term profits, through
             | the use of basket options. The ruling in this case was
             | simply the short term gains that were grouped into basket
             | options weren't able to be taxed like the long term gains
             | they were construing them as.
        
           | lizzas wrote:
           | Depends what you mean by cheat? Break a law? And putting
           | ethics aside - risk and consequences of getting caught.
           | 
           | Based on DOJ fines cheating is required!
           | 
           | BUT!!
           | 
           | Cheating is only strictly required in the trio when everyone
           | is doing the same thing (olympic 100m) vs. different things
           | (trading).
           | 
           | (In the olympics the prize is honour, achievement, etc. so
           | most people wont cheat for that reason.)
        
         | jachac wrote:
         | I know people that trade headlines full time that also at one
         | point had a step count that averaged less than 200 steps a day.
         | They do make good returns though.
        
           | bitexploder wrote:
           | I would have figured algorithmic trading bots got all the
           | wins there before a human could.
        
             | thrw42A8N wrote:
             | Humans can be much smarter than any algo trading bots. The
             | algorithms for trading are really primitive price action
             | stuff - not fundamental information about the business,
             | products, customers...
        
               | JustAndy wrote:
               | Wouldn't an LLM be able to do that kind of analysis?
        
               | thrw42A8N wrote:
               | A LLM all by itself? No, I really don't think so. From my
               | personal trading history - I knew to invest into AMD when
               | it was at $5 because I tried their products and am
               | intimately familiar with computers. LLM won't be able to
               | do that for a long time. But - it helps me.
        
             | Workaccount2 wrote:
             | The fastest way to see news for a binary event is the just
             | watch the stock price of the underlying.
             | 
             | For something like GDP numbers, the price moves within
             | milliseconds of the print, before your browser can even
             | refresh and minutes before the numbers even show up on
             | twitter.
        
               | lizzas wrote:
               | I am going to take advantage of this arbitrage
               | opportunity to start a newspaper :)
        
             | jachac wrote:
             | Relatively defined events yes, i.e probably wouldn't try to
             | click through FOMC (is number better/worse than FedWatch)
             | but take something like BTC ETF getting approval:
             | 
             | - you aren't sure where the announcement will come from
             | first, i.e will it leak via journalist
             | 
             | - there will be plenty of false announcements
             | 
             | - the official SEC twitter account got hacked and posted it
             | was approved (Phone number taken over, no 2FA enabled
             | lolol)
             | 
             | - there will be volatility around fake announcements as
             | others are running bots
             | 
             | - LLMs interpretation of "BTC ETF approved" vs "With BTC
             | ETF approval" can cause you to start eating lot of
             | transaction costs
             | 
             | You can still (presently...) come out on top as a bag of
             | meat. Is it worth the hours and cortisol vs half decent
             | tech job? going to say entirely dependent on the scorecard
             | afterwards and if you value doing something with actual
             | purpose.
        
         | kjellsbells wrote:
         | Seth Klarman, in _Margin of Safety_ , is refreshingly clear on
         | this. The aim is always to buy something worth a dollar, for
         | less than a dollar. You, not the market, must determine what
         | the asset is worth. That generally requires a significant
         | amount of investigation.
         | 
         | If you are not up for that, Klarman explicitly notes that index
         | investing will be fine, but not spectacular, and in particular
         | the index will trade in stocks for no good (investment) reason
         | but simply because they have to keep the index balanced.
         | 
         | Trading on news and events is essentially gambling, although
         | you can use other people's reaction to news to time investments
         | _so long as_ you 've already decided to invest and were simply
         | waiting for the price to meet your criteria to make the trade.
        
           | toomuchtodo wrote:
           | "The deal is made on the buy" with most asset classes.
        
           | tithe wrote:
           | > Seth Klarman, in _Margin of Safety_...
           | 
           | May I ask where / how you came about your copy? I've seen it
           | mentioned several times but have found it difficult to
           | locate. (For example, the used copy on Amazon is selling for
           | $2000!)
        
             | jzebedee wrote:
             | Anna's Archive looks like it has ebook copies in several
             | languages.
        
           | whatshisface wrote:
           | Keeping the index balanced is a good reason to trade stocks.
        
         | EVa5I7bHFq9mnYK wrote:
         | Followed your advice. Invested in SP500 every slide of the
         | game, irrespective of the news (with 10x leverage).
         | 
         | Lost 52%.
        
           | wat10000 wrote:
           | The S&P 500 is down less than 1% below its all-time high.
           | It's mathematically impossible to lose 52% following that
           | advice.
           | 
           | I think "with 10% leverage" deserves a lot more than a
           | parenthetical here.
        
             | EVa5I7bHFq9mnYK wrote:
             | Try it yourself, the game is not randomized. You should
             | receive exactly the same result.
        
             | TeaBrain wrote:
             | If fully invested in just the S&P 500 with 10x leverage, it
             | seems less mathematically possible to have lost just 52%
             | unless it was an very short time horizon. If fully
             | invested, A 5.2% decrease in the value of the S&P 500, with
             | 10x leverage, would lead to a 52% fund draw down, given no
             | margin call during the 5.2% S&P draw down. In most years,
             | the S&P experiences at least one short-term draw down off
             | the years peak of at least 10%, which would lead to a
             | complete loss of capital, given that they hadn't already
             | experienced a forced liquidation due to a margin call on
             | the previously 10x levered assets, which would now be
             | levered higher given a loss in the capital base.
        
           | ac29 wrote:
           | If the days selected were purely random, investing in SP500
           | would be wise (though not with 10x leverage).
           | 
           | In this experiment only 1/3 of days were random, with another
           | third in employment report days and the last third in fed
           | announcement days.
           | 
           | When I did this with -10x SP500 every day the result was a
           | +36% return, which is surely not what you would expect if the
           | trading days were purely random.
        
           | Rexxar wrote:
           | 10x leverage is just crazy for individual stock investment.
           | The lesson you should learn from this is not "don't invest
           | SP500" but "don't use 10x leverage".
        
           | lizzas wrote:
           | Get a better broker :-) my SP50 (yes 50, dont ask!) index is
           | doing alwite.
        
         | immibis wrote:
         | what you describe as "not insider trading" is insider trading
        
           | fsckboy wrote:
           | he's pointing out the technical definitions of the terms;
           | you're insisting on the imprecise/wrong popular usage.
           | 
           | "insider trading", when insiders trade, say the CEO sells his
           | stock bonus, is regulated (has to announce in advance, follow
           | a plan) but completely legal. Some investors track how much
           | insiders are trading in order to judge confidence in a stock.
           | 
           | "trading on inside information" (whether you are an insider
           | or not) is not legal.
        
           | lizzas wrote:
           | I may have been ambiguous but I am saying if you work
           | somewhere (pre IPO) and you can see their killing it, on
           | fire, and are seeing a truth other companies can't see then
           | you know (perhaps doing some more research on public info)
           | that it is a good buy.
           | 
           | Also for private companies you often get an all hands with
           | financials, sales info, strategy etc.
           | 
           | The bet here is: this company isn't just lucky they have a
           | killer system. You would get shares privately if possible.
           | Even at IPO at a higher price, knowing they are kickass you
           | can buy then.
        
         | yieldcrv wrote:
         | The article goes into that when seasoned traders were given the
         | same test and had 60-130% gains, compare to the single digit
         | gains and losses of the students
         | 
         | The seasoned traders:
         | 
         | > They did not bet at all on about 1/3 of the trading
         | opportunities
         | 
         | This has always stood out to me about these trading challenges.
         | They make it seem like you must always be invested and a lot of
         | lay people fall for that.
        
       | mettamage wrote:
       | Wait, so in the challenge, you don't get to know what date it is?
       | It's an odd challenge as I'm playing it right now and I don't
       | know the zeitgeist of the time.
       | 
       | I'm currently looking at a front page and am just wondering: is
       | it 2008?
       | 
       | Purely having knowledge from a day in advance without any other
       | context, yea that's hard. IRL, we also have context.
        
         | sgerenser wrote:
         | If you knew the exact date, it would make it too easy to
         | remember some big stock drop that happened on a specific date.
         | Although there were enough clues in many of them to narrow it
         | down to a week or two.
        
       | InkCanon wrote:
       | It's an interesting article but if you had five extremely
       | experienced traders and you used historical events (and supplying
       | them with enormous memory prompting by giving them headlines from
       | financially important events like CPI, interest rate releases),
       | chances are they can remember a huge amount of the results.
        
         | alexmolas wrote:
         | Exactly! They're evaluating the model using the training data
        
         | gklitz wrote:
         | The study is saying people couldn't turn the information into a
         | reliable advantage and your arguing why information leakage
         | might explain why there would be a reliable advantage.
        
           | jjallen wrote:
           | Did you read the article?
           | 
           | It says that the experienced traders did make money. The OP
           | above is saying that one possible explanation is that the
           | experienced traders simply remembered what happened. As a
           | professional trader myself this seems very reasonable
        
             | bloomingkales wrote:
             | Well, I mean an LLM can't make any decisions unless it
             | pulls things into context (into memory). So yeah, it's true
             | for machines too. You need to remember to even be on the
             | right track.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | 'Buy the rumor sell the news'. I'd expect most people to
             | not know that advice but pros would. that is pros would
             | know that before most major announcements people had alread
             | guessed based on other indicators and so the announcement
             | is priced in already.
             | 
             | if you could find an alien civialization with a stock
             | market I'd expect pros to do similiarly well just based on
             | that.
             | 
             | amature traders in the real world tend to be more in tune
             | to rumors and thus more likely to get it right since they
             | had already traded by this sime. (or so I would guess)
        
       | nextworddev wrote:
       | What you need is a crystal ball for price (which Citadel etc
       | has), not crystal ball for other information.
        
         | mghfreud wrote:
         | How do Citadel have a crystal ball for price?
        
           | teractiveodular wrote:
           | High-frequency trading, which lets them frontrun orders.
        
             | mghfreud wrote:
             | How do you fontrun orders? You can only take action after
             | you see the order. Am I missing anything?
        
               | Yiin wrote:
               | latency arbitrage is a thing
        
               | goblinux wrote:
               | Michael Lewis wrote a book called Flashboys all about it.
               | If your network speed and processing power are faster
               | than the competitors, then you can move faster than them
               | on any trade. Really interesting stuff
        
               | loeg wrote:
               | Flash Boys is essentially fiction. You might also enjoy
               | "Flash Boys: Not So Fast," which attempts to debunk it.
        
               | hckrnrd wrote:
               | Let's imagine a bustling farmer's market where market
               | makers are savvy fruit stand owners, and regular traders
               | are shoppers. Here's how the market makers might "front
               | run" orders to make arbitrage profits:
               | 
               | ## The Fruit Stand Scenario
               | 
               | Imagine you're at a large farmer's market with numerous
               | fruit stands. You're looking to buy a crate of apples,
               | and you ask a friendly fruit stand owner, Citadel, for
               | the price.
               | 
               | *The Setup:* - You want to buy a crate of apples -
               | Citadel's stand is selling apples for $50 per crate -
               | There's another stand nearby selling for $48, but it's
               | not immediately visible
               | 
               | *The Front-Running Process:*
               | 
               | 1. *Information Advantage:* Citadel, being a regular at
               | the market, knows about the nearby stand selling apples
               | for $48.
               | 
               | 2. *Customer's Intent:* When you ask Citadel for the
               | price, they realizes you're likely to buy a crate.
               | 
               | 3. *Quick Action:* Before quoting you a price, Citadel
               | quickly sends his assistant to buy a crate from the $48
               | stand.
               | 
               | 4. *Price Quote:* Citadel then tells you his price is $50
               | per crate, which you accept.
               | 
               | 5. *Fulfillment:* Citadel's assistant returns with the
               | $48 crate, which Citadel then sells to you for $50.
               | 
               | 6. *Profit:* Citadel pockets the $2 difference as profit,
               | without ever risking his own inventory.
               | 
               | ## The Market Making Parallel
               | 
               | In the financial markets, this process happens at
               | lightning speed:
               | 
               | 1. Market makers see incoming orders before they're fully
               | processed.
               | 
               | 2. They quickly buy or sell ahead of large orders on
               | other exchanges.
               | 
               | 3. They then fulfill the original order at a slightly
               | worse price.
               | 
               | 4. The profit comes from the price difference between
               | exchanges.
               | 
               | This practice, while controversial, is often justified by
               | market makers as providing liquidity and tighter spreads.
               | However, it can be seen as unfair to traders who may not
               | get the best possible price for their orders.
        
               | nkurz wrote:
               | Nice write up! Can you flesh out your example a little
               | bit with more specifics about how the stock market
               | version works? In particular, are the front-runners
               | actually taking a risk by buying before they have a
               | committed order? Or are they committing to sell before
               | they buy from the cheaper source on the assumption it
               | will still be available? And is selling order flow
               | something different, or the same thing here?
        
               | hckrnrd wrote:
               | Selling order flow is a related but distinct practice:
               | 
               | - Order Flow Sales: This involves brokers selling
               | information about their customers' orders to interested
               | parties.
               | 
               | - Potential for Front-Running: While not inherently
               | front-running, selling order flow can enable it if the
               | buyers use this information to trade ahead of customer
               | orders.
               | 
               | - Payment for Order Flow: This practice allows some
               | brokers to offer commission-free trades, as they make
               | money by routing orders to specific market makers.
               | 
               | Front-runners do take on some risk, but it's typically
               | minimal:
               | 
               | - Speed: Modern front-running often occurs using high-
               | frequency trading algorithms, minimizing the time between
               | the front-runner's trade and the large order execution.
               | 
               | - Committed Orders: Front-runners act on knowledge of
               | committed orders, not mere possibilities. They have an
               | informational advantage.
        
               | kzrdude wrote:
               | Why would it be legal for market makers to use order info
               | like that?
        
               | TacticalCoder wrote:
               | > How do you fontrun orders? You can only take action
               | after you see the order.
               | 
               | PFOF:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payment_for_order_flow
        
               | n2d4 wrote:
               | PFOF does not frontrun -- it wouldn't even make sense to
               | frontrun. Retail orders tend to be bad; it makes no sense
               | to frontrun a bad order, especially if you're the market
               | maker who's fulfilling it too.
        
       | lifeisstillgood wrote:
       | So if I understand it
       | 
       | First you must be right.
       | 
       | Second you must be right while others are wrong (or no-one will
       | take the other side).
       | 
       | Third you must _believe_ enough to bet big.
       | 
       | Fourth you must bet big.
       | 
       | Fifth, you must have been right at step one.
        
         | pavlov wrote:
         | And if you get lucky this way enough times in a row, you'll
         | start believing yourself a genius who deserved the
         | extraordinary success. Journalists will call you up to hear
         | your excitingly contrarian views on topics you know nothing
         | about.
         | 
         | As you grow older and observe the world from your suburban
         | mansion, you grow increasingly irate that people didn't listen
         | to you. You made your own fortune, but so many people just ask
         | for handouts nowadays. Time to get involved. If you donate
         | enough money to the other rich guy who is running for office,
         | he'll make you ambassador to Italy, at least...
        
           | dennis_jeeves2 wrote:
           | >As you grow older and observe the world from your suburban
           | mansion, you grow increasingly irate that people didn't
           | listen to you.
           | 
           | I wonder why these successful people don't pick people and
           | pay them to do a strategy. It can be a win-win. I know why
           | they don't - deep down they know that luck was a major
           | factor.
           | 
           | ( I'm aware of one such situation - I think it was called
           | called the turtle trading or something, that was done in the
           | 80s)
        
         | TimMurnaghan wrote:
         | > Fourth you must bet big.
         | 
         | No. You must bet right - and it depends on how right you are.
         | Look up the Kelly criterion. Bet 1 - 2*probablity of losing of
         | your current pot - will maximize expected return (but is a bit
         | volatile for some tastes)
        
           | Etheryte wrote:
           | It is pretty well agreed upon that the Kelly criterion
           | strongly overestimates bet sizes for continuous bets where
           | accurate probabilities are hard to determine, like the stock
           | market. It has given rise to many variations such as Half-
           | Kelly, Kelly minus constant, etc, which is a pretty good tell
           | that it's an inaccurate approximation. Using Kelly to invest
           | in the stock market is roughly like using half the Black-
           | Scholes formula to invest in options. You'll get good results
           | when the market agrees with your direction, but spectacular
           | failures when it doesn't.
        
         | ben_w wrote:
         | But also never forget:
         | 
         | "Markets can remain irrational longer than you can remain
         | solvent" - John Maynard Keynes
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | that quote has been attributed to many over the years. I can
           | find an origional surce.
        
           | ac29 wrote:
           | Yes, the missing point is that you need to have the timing
           | right as well.
           | 
           | Even if you are correct about the direction and magnitude of
           | price movement, if you are wrong about how long it will take
           | you can lose money. This is true for both short and long
           | positions.
        
         | beyondCritics wrote:
         | >Fourth you must bet big
         | 
         | Big blunder. Killing every profitable trade. You have to
         | account for the fact that loosing hurts comparatively more than
         | winning. Keyword is "log optimal".
        
         | dennis_jeeves2 wrote:
         | Sound similar to how one needs to succeed as an entrepreneur:
         | 
         | First you have to be smart, an IQ of less than 100 won't do
         | 
         | Second you have to pick the right product/service.
         | 
         | Third you have to persevere long enough. One cannot give up too
         | soon, But persevering too much would be a case of sunken case
         | fallacy.
         | 
         | Forth you have to time your product/service. Too early or too
         | late, it will affect your parents.
         | 
         | etc...
        
         | teo_zero wrote:
         | > So if I understand it
         | 
         | This is not what TFA says at all. Especially this one:
         | 
         | > Fourth you must bet big.
         | 
         | is explicitly listed as a common mistake all the involved
         | students exhibited.
        
       | _benj wrote:
       | This is a fun read!
       | 
       | I think something interesting about the news and its supposedly
       | predictive power is that the market already discount the news.
       | 
       | If you look at the daily and weekly charts for SP500, it has been
       | on a bill run, for a bunch of unknowable factors but I suspect
       | one of them is the expected rate cut from the fed. Now, if the
       | cut was, for example 50 bsp, instead of 25 that would be news
       | indeed, but the again, last rate cut the prices jump sharply
       | exactly at 1 PM EST, meaning that computers, not humans, read the
       | report and placed hundreds of orders in milliseconds after the
       | report was released.
       | 
       | IMHO knowing the future 1 day ahead is not enough because in that
       | timeframe the market has already discounted the news.
        
         | cabby wrote:
         | The market isn't some kind of oracle. It's driven by sentiment.
         | 
         | And the bond market controls rates.
        
           | ac29 wrote:
           | The bond market controls rates, but the fed sets the floor.
           | 
           | For example, if you believe we would had decades of a near
           | zero federal funds rate, you might be willing to accept a 2%
           | yield on a 30 year bond. But if you thought the long term
           | federal funds rate was going to be 2%, you might want 4% or
           | more on the long bond.
        
         | dist-epoch wrote:
         | I saw many times something like this:
         | 
         | 1. rate cut
         | 
         | 2. S&P rises, financial press writes "market rise because of
         | the rate cut"
         | 
         | 3. later during the same day, S&P reverses and drops below
         | price when rate cut was announced, financial press writes new
         | article "market drops because of the rate cut"
         | 
         | rinse & repeat. they literally are reacting and correlating
         | price movement with whatever big news happened.
        
       | throw0101b wrote:
       | For anyone worried about markets being at all-time highs, and
       | have cash sitting on the side lines waiting for a dip to jump in,
       | it's better that you enter the market rather than waiting--and
       | this is true even if you had a crystal ball and knew when the dip
       | would occur:
       | 
       | * https://ofdollarsanddata.com/even-god-couldnt-beat-dollar-co...
        
       | sgerenser wrote:
       | Well that was kinda fun. Turned $1M into $4.5M, mostly just from
       | a few big bets then playing it safe otherwise. Of course in real
       | life I'm 100% index funds since unfortunately I don't get
       | tomorrows news.
        
         | brcmthrowaway wrote:
         | Which index funds?
        
           | bdangubic wrote:
           | Stocks:
           | 
           | VBTLX VFIDX VFSUX VTI VXUS
           | 
           | Bonds: BND BNDX
           | 
           | Buy and forget if you just want to play it safe
        
       | plank wrote:
       | Played the game (from 1M to 2.3M, a batting (?) average of
       | 63.64%). Played big three times: one a big loss, twice a big win.
       | Takeaway from the game: feels a bit like lottery (although I was
       | relatively confident thrice, I was wrong one of those).
        
       | throw4321 wrote:
       | The point of the market is not for you to do better than anyone
       | else. The point is to price things right so that the market as a
       | whole makes money. By picking stocks, you're either a gambling
       | monkey or a more conservative gambling monkey.
        
         | dheera wrote:
         | True, though right now, the markets are set up such that anyone
         | with positive net worth and consistent income can _easily_ do
         | vastly better than anyone with negative net worth. The more
         | positive your net worth, the more leverage and risk you can
         | safely afford, and you get rewarded for that.
         | 
         | The rich can afford the risks associated with leveraged crypto
         | and AI stocks, the poor can only afford VOO or (worse) Treasury
         | bonds because their life would be on the line if they lost
         | money.
         | 
         | If you actually have money to throw away, you'd be an idiot to
         | not have a pile of BTC right now. If you don't have money to
         | throw away, BTC is dangerous as fuck.
         | 
         | The markets are designed to continually widen the gap between
         | rich and poor.
        
           | Terr_ wrote:
           | There are a variety of simple market simulations one can come
           | up with where--despite every participant being equally
           | skilled--the final outcome is always one rich guy and
           | everyone else poor.
           | 
           | When you combine some of these simple models with an
           | adjustable "redistributed back by tax" function, you get
           | results which resemble the various countries of the world.
           | 
           | http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/is-inequality-
           | inev...
        
           | throw4321 wrote:
           | > you'd be an idiot to not have a pile of BTC right now
           | 
           | I do agree with your overall take that there is a recent
           | trend towards de-democratization of investment opportunities.
           | The invention of the stock market was a huge deal because it
           | massively moved the needle towards democratization.
           | 
           | BTC ain't it, however. Good luck proving the hypothesis that
           | BTC is not tulips.
           | 
           | Personally, I see two major outcome sets. Either Russia
           | "conquers the planet" or it doesn't. If it does, BTC is no
           | longer any use to Russian-aligned oligarchs to bypass
           | sanctions. If it doesn't, the West will eventually wisen up
           | and hamper BTC transactions to the point that the
           | alternatives win out.
           | 
           | Those are two likely crashpoints. There are 10000 possible
           | others. Musical chairs always ends, it's just a matter of
           | when.
        
       | eschneider wrote:
       | A couple of things stand right out here: a) There's almost no
       | time horizon here, so it's basically day trading. It's not enough
       | to know what happens, everyone else needs to "do the right thing"
       | in a short time horizon. As the article says, that doesn't happen
       | a lot. b) WSJ isn't as good a new source as it used to be, which
       | makes the game harder. Though occasionally, something big will
       | happen and a one day lookback would be helpful. (Say, shorting
       | airline stocks before 9/11...)
        
         | petesergeant wrote:
         | > it's basically day trading
         | 
         | In my understanding day trading is mostly about looking for
         | pretty patterns in lines and ascribing meaning to them, as well
         | as attempting to trade on public information that HFTs and
         | 3,000 well-paid and professional traders at GS have already
         | priced in
        
           | filoleg wrote:
           | What you are talking about (looking for pretty patterns in
           | lines and ascribing meaning to them) isn't day trading, it is
           | called technical analysis. I mostly agree with your take on
           | its usefulness though, there is a reason it is getting memed
           | as astrology for finance bros.
        
             | petesergeant wrote:
             | I understand they're different topics, but my understanding
             | is also that amateur day traders go wild for technical
             | analysis over most other signals, so in practice much day
             | trading consists of it...
        
         | ac29 wrote:
         | 9/11 is a great example here because even if you knew it would
         | happen a day in advance, trading on that would gain you nothing
         | in this experiment - the markets didnt open that day.
        
           | dheera wrote:
           | Markets in other parts of the world did, and you could have
           | traded those airline stocks.
           | 
           | That said, COVID would have been a better example for airline
           | and hotel stocks.
           | 
           | [Also IMO, PUT options are safer than shorts. Do your own
           | research.]
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | One of the problems is that you mostly need money to make
             | money.
             | 
             | There's an SF book called Replay that imagines a guy
             | reliving his life from his fifties or so to his teens or
             | so. One of the clever plot points (not really a spoiler) is
             | that he just happens to remember a highly improbable sports
             | result around the time of his replay which, with the help
             | of some friends and family loans, makes him very wealthy.
             | The book would have been a lot less interesting if the main
             | characterer was just starting out as a poor college student
             | over and over again.
             | 
             | Sure, I could have made money in dot-com/bomb (and maybe
             | bitcoin) but I still would have needed a fair bit of
             | capital to have made life-altering gains.
             | 
             | To the point of the article, predicting how most specific
             | company or economic outcomes will affect stock prices is
             | pretty much a sucker bet. Perhaps excluding some specific
             | events like 9/11--but even that effect wasn't _that_ great.
        
               | didgetmaster wrote:
               | Bitcoin is not a good example for your argument. The
               | first bitcoin transaction for a physical good was in 2010
               | where 10K of bitcoin was used to buy a couple pizzas.
               | 
               | Even the poorest American could probably have scraped
               | enough together to own that much bitcoin back then. If
               | they held onto it until now, they would be a billionaire!
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | If you really knew Bitcoin was going to be big with
               | certainty/high probability, you could have mined it or
               | done a dark alley transaction early on. Assuming you
               | didn't get scammed out of or simply lost your wallet at
               | some point, I agree, it's an exception where you could
               | have made a fortune from basically nothing. (Though not
               | in a day which is the actual experiment in question.)
               | 
               | The more interesting experiment to me would be if you
               | gave me a week's worth (say) of the WSJ from ten years
               | hence, what could I do with it?
        
               | didgetmaster wrote:
               | I was replying to the comment that stated that you need a
               | significant amount of capital in order to make life
               | altering gains, even if you had a crystal ball.
               | 
               | I was arguing that with the right information, you could
               | turn a few bucks into a massive fortune (bitcoin being a
               | single example).
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Rags to Riches and all that given a sufficiently long
               | time horizon and the right drive and savvy, and luck. I
               | do think there are relatively few cases where you can
               | just drop someone in the right place at the right time
               | with a few dollars and expect them to succeed, especially
               | in the short-term.
        
               | didgetmaster wrote:
               | Of course MOST rags to riches stories are accumulated
               | over decades of hard work with some luck sprinkled in;
               | but almost every day you hear of a few turning a few
               | bucks into a fortune overnight. Lottery winners, meme
               | stock traders, and sports betting are just a few
               | examples.
               | 
               | Everyone knows it can happen. That is why get-rich-quick
               | schemes work.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Sure, if I know the Powerball winner or some weird meme
               | stock spike a day in advance, but that's getting a bit
               | off the topic of seeing the front page of a major news
               | source a day earlier for the most part. (And even the
               | meme stock takes money to really take advantage of)
        
               | Terr_ wrote:
               | https://xkcd.com/1827/
        
           | wbl wrote:
           | Buying a number of puts on airlines and calls on defense
           | contractors would have worked.
        
         | Reubend wrote:
         | > WSJ isn't as good a new source as it used to be, which makes
         | the game harder.
         | 
         | You don't think the front page of the WSJ would contain a
         | decent summary of the day's business news?
        
           | pclmulqdq wrote:
           | It does not. It's a sort of ideological rag at this point for
           | the right wing of Wall Street (see the NYT for the left wing
           | rag). Give them Bloomberg or the AP a day ahead and they will
           | make much better bets.
           | 
           | I think they will still trade with too much leverage and poor
           | asset allocation, though.
        
             | dekhn wrote:
             | The NY Times isn't a left wing rag (I'm excluding the
             | Opinion section, which is a very mixed bag). It's the
             | mouthpiece of the establishment.
        
               | pclmulqdq wrote:
               | It's the ideological rag for the left wing _of Wall
               | Street_ which is very different than the left wing in
               | general. Both papers are  "establishment."
        
           | Etheryte wrote:
           | I wouldn't really say the WSJ is a good summary. If I look at
           | the front page today, most of it is topical, but generic and
           | not really actionable information in any way:
           | 
           | - The Drugs Young Bankers Use to Get Through the Day--and
           | Night
           | 
           | - CEOs Want Trump to Change Course on Tariffs. He Isn't
           | Budging.
           | 
           | - Untangling America's Love-Hate Relationship With Corporate
           | Power
           | 
           | Etc, it doesn't really tell you much anything about what's
           | going on in the market. Yahoo Finance on the other hand is a
           | great overview, the upcoming fed meeting is front and center,
           | there's a market overview on the right, highlights of
           | specific big movers, etc.
        
             | alwa wrote:
             | To be fair it's also Sunday. Silly season for newspapers
             | generally, the business newspaper in particular.
        
           | TacticalCoder wrote:
           | > You don't think the front page of the WSJ would contain a
           | decent summary of the day's business news?
           | 
           | Not anymore?
           | 
           | Take front page today, first "Opinion" title: _" The Trans
           | Double-Mastectomy Lawsuit"_ (not sure what their stance is
           | here: they went full woke but they're toning wokism down now
           | that Trump won). First big headline: _" The drugs young
           | bankers use to get through the day"_. _" America's love/hate
           | relationship with corporate power"_.
           | 
           |  _" How an Ivy League Police Commissioner Hunted an Ivy
           | League Murder Suspect"_
           | 
           | Facepalm. I mean, sure, if I was reading The Guardian in the
           | UK or something.
           | 
           | But how the _fuck_ has anything of that to do with business
           | and /or finance?
           | 
           | That's what I see first, front page.
           | 
           | Funnily enough the first title related to business or finance
           | is one HN won't like: _" These 5 Wall Street Titans Thought
           | Bitcoin Was a Fad. Here's What They Say Now"_.
           | 
           | People are making fun of the WJS, calling it the "Woke Street
           | Journal". They've been more interested in pushing the ESG
           | ideology (the one were banks in the US [and the EU] are
           | secretly assigning scores to every US individuals depending
           | on how "ESG friendly" they are), including solar (not that
           | there's everything wrong with solar) and most of all running
           | an anti-Trump / anti-Musk campaign, being sure Harris would
           | won, then running actual news about Wall Street and
           | businesses.
           | 
           | They just lost the plot.
        
             | spondylosaurus wrote:
             | People think _the WSJ_ is left-wing now? Good lord. The
             | Overton window is in pieces.
        
               | tomatotomato37 wrote:
               | WSJ is left-wing in the sense a bunch of corporate types
               | looked at the Occupy Wall Street movement and thought
               | "Huh, it seems certain aspects of their ideology hinder
               | their ability to organize labor effectively... I wonder
               | what would happen if we amplify those aspects above all
               | else."
        
             | foundart wrote:
             | When I was a subscriber (about 7 years ago) it seemed the
             | news was left-leaning and the opinion section was heavily
             | right-leaning.
        
               | mathgeek wrote:
               | Interesting observation. I've mostly seen opinions that
               | is has moved to moderately conservative since Murdoch
               | acquired it. E.g. https://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/14/busi
               | ness/media/14carr.htm...
        
               | carlob wrote:
               | reality tends to have a left-leaning bias
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | too bad it doesn't vote
        
             | HeatrayEnjoyer wrote:
             | Hard to take the phrase "full woke" seriously...
        
           | poulsbohemian wrote:
           | The WSJ is such a shallow shell of its former self that no, I
           | don't trust it as far as I can throw a paper airplane made
           | out of it. Somewhere along the line (and I have my hypothesis
           | as many do...) our news sources stopped being objective,
           | stopped seeking truth, stopped being sourced for bringing
           | real information to the consuming public, and instead became
           | a kind of echo chamber for dogmatic ideology of one kind or
           | another. I have no idea what to read any more, because it's
           | devolved into sick "entertainment" rather than insightful
           | reporting. Even my beloved NPR seems on the brink of falling
           | into this as they seek to kowtow, presumably to save their
           | funding.
        
             | kurthr wrote:
             | I'd have to agree. It doesn't matter WSJ, NYT, WaPo, LAT,
             | Trib, all garbage. When I started to see grammar mistakes
             | and typos in the NYT, I knew it was over. They were
             | optimizing for clicks not correctness. The infotainment
             | that started on TV and the destruction of revenue by
             | aggregation has created an environment where largescale
             | news as it was is not profitable (enough), but clickbait
             | is. There may be individual journalists who care, but not a
             | single senior editor that does. We have achieved post truth
             | media. The news cycle is literally about UFOs.
             | 
             | edit: I will say that's a profit opportunity both for those
             | who can spread fake meme news and for those who can bother
             | to see through it, but for the vast middle it is idocracy.
        
             | FredPret wrote:
             | All you can do now is to go to the source data.
             | 
             | If you want long term trend data, it's easy to get good
             | data for free. It'll be boring and most trends will be
             | positive (thank our lucky stars we live in the
             | technological era). Unless you have a real passion, you'll
             | most likely not visit one of these sources twice (World
             | Bank, IMF, FRED in the USA, tradingeconomics.com, the SEC)
             | 
             | If you want short term, real-time data, you'll likely have
             | to pay for it. The downside is that there's a deluge of
             | data and almost all of it is useless (unless you care about
             | up-to-the-minute prices for beans in China or whatever).
             | 
             | The job of journalists is to mine all this info for
             | something sensational or, failing that, spin some short
             | term data bump into a big story.
             | 
             | Way back in the 1940's, there was so little data out there
             | that the WSJ could simply print all the current market
             | events and call it a newspaper. There was so little
             | entertainment out there, that people bought and read that
             | paper!
             | 
             | Information dissemination remains an unsolved problem.
        
             | danenania wrote:
             | Yep, in simple terms they all became tabloids. They do
             | still hire a few real journalists to keep up appearances,
             | but sensationalism is what sells so that's what gets the
             | most real estate.
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | I'm unconvinced that, as you say, reacting to specific short-
         | term events is especially interesting. There may be specific
         | cases where OMG, the stock market is going to fall, is fairly
         | predictable. But the more interesting trends are decade-long+.
        
           | eschneider wrote:
           | This. And even knowing the long-term trend isn't a guarantee
           | that you'll make money. Look at the late 90s: knowing the
           | internet was going to be a huge thing was obvious, but it
           | didn't necessarily translate to knowing who the winners and
           | losers would be long term. You have to both understand the
           | long-term trends AND be smart about the here-and-now.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | You could know the market was going to go silly with stocks
             | like Yahoo in the late 90s. But you also had to pick the
             | right time to dump everything.
        
               | danenania wrote:
               | You could have also "known" that bitcoin was a massive
               | bubble and going to zero back when that was a popular
               | sentiment.
               | 
               | It's not just timing the bubble that is tricky. Sometimes
               | the "obvious" bubble never ends up popping.
        
             | pedalpete wrote:
             | You may be ignoring that at the time of the bubble, many
             | investors, and even regular people, though the internet
             | wasn't that big a deal. Sure email meant we wouldn't send
             | snail mail anymore, but the majority of people were still
             | in the "it isn't safe to use my credit card online" world.
        
         | bee_rider wrote:
         | I think in the blog post they say they have pulled from
         | Washington Post articles randomly over the last 15 years. When
         | do you think the paper went bad? You can also skip days. If I
         | understand the blog post correctly, maybe you could check your
         | hunch (b) by playing the game and skipping any days after your
         | "WaPo went bad" date.
        
       | stavros wrote:
       | I tried this game multiple times, but it kept bugging: I made 2.3
       | M after a few trades, but then the "trade" button just stopped
       | working. I'm on Vivaldi, so maybe that affected something.
        
       | BurningFrog wrote:
       | It should be fairly simple to feed an AI all WSJ
       | headlines/articles and day-to-day stock values for the last 20
       | years, and have it recommend trades each morning.
       | 
       | I expect it would does better than average.
       | 
       | I also expect similar thing are already running.
        
         | cj wrote:
         | > I expect it would does better than average.
         | 
         | > I also expect similar thing are already running.
         | 
         | Only 1 of these 2 statements can be true.
        
         | c22 wrote:
         | But why bother when it's just as simple to feed an AI the last
         | few decades of rocket research and put SpaceX out of business?
        
       | sahmeepee wrote:
       | I did a similar proctored digital coin toss type experiment at
       | uni back in the dark ages.
       | 
       | In the proctored experiment the best _rate_ of pay was achieved
       | by those who just skipped trading for each of the 15 days and
       | left after 2 minutes with $50 in their back pocket.
       | 
       | I would like to see the payout distribution graph with random
       | trades for comparison against the students.
        
       | the__alchemist wrote:
       | The title and opening conclusions are misleading, and the true
       | conclusion is straightforward: *Financial news is mostly noise.*
       | You would need a good filter to make use of it.
       | 
       | A _crystal ball_ showing slightly+ reliable price data, at a
       | reasonable interval in the future. (E.g, minutes+) would make a
       | competent person astoundingly wealthy.
        
       | motohagiography wrote:
       | I don't trade so my comment is low value speculation, but it's
       | more about what a crystal ball is.
       | 
       | revealing the future doesn't give free insight into the dynamics
       | that produced it, and you don't need to know the future to
       | identify where a dynamic among factors or parties may be in play.
        
         | paulpauper wrote:
         | Yea the study is not that useful or is misleading considering
         | it defines a crystal ball to mean something which does not
         | actually provide clairvoyance. It's like, yeah, you can see the
         | future but minus the actual pertinent information. Then it's
         | not a crystal ball.
        
       | currymj wrote:
       | a real world version of this experiment: from time to time there
       | is a hacking case where a criminal group steals earnings reports
       | from companies before they are made public. some of these
       | conspiracies have been quite profitable, but i believe all of
       | them had at least a few trades go against them.
       | 
       | a more extreme "crystal ball" were certain life insurance
       | policies written by the French insurance company Aviva. They
       | allowed customers to purchase shares today at last week's prices.
       | This sounds incredibly stupid, but that's what the contract said,
       | although the insurance company would like to get out of it. The
       | legal battles have dragged on for a couple decades at this point.
        
       | bilsbie wrote:
       | Could this mostly be due to a "sell on the news" phenomenon?
       | 
       | Stocks go up on rumors but don't do much or go down a little when
       | something is confirmed.
        
       | Workaccount2 wrote:
       | One thing I don't see anyone mentioning, is that there is a big
       | consensus factor at play too, which adds a bunch of randomness to
       | news outcomes.
       | 
       | Take interest rates for example: Lowering rates means that money
       | will be cheaper (good!) but that the fed see's slower economic
       | times ahead(bad!). So now you need to put the decision on
       | context, which adds a whole host of assumptions and estimates.
       | Both sides have a strong logical argument for stocks moving up or
       | down.
       | 
       | So you end up with traders voting with their dollars once the
       | news drops, and it is not (practically) possible to know which
       | group has more firing power going into the print.
       | 
       | It's also not uncommon for a stock to tank the moment the news
       | drops, and then skyrocket seconds later (or the inverse).
       | Competing theories and the winner is whoever has more money to
       | move the stock.
        
       | fullsend wrote:
       | "Perhaps this overuse of leverage is explained by" it's explained
       | by it being a silly little toy game. This experiment goes way
       | differently if you use the one page business section of The
       | Economist. WSJ front page is going to be literal clickbait.
        
       | awinter-py wrote:
       | either we hugged it to death or the future doesn't work in
       | firefox
        
       | creer wrote:
       | What in the world?!
       | 
       | > The average payout was just $51.62 (a gain of just 3.2%), which
       | is statistically indistinguishable from breaking even.
       | 
       | Yeah, it's not statistically significant because (1) the
       | experiment was stupid small: "118 young adults" And (2) the
       | participants didn't have to care: "each participant $50". With
       | (3) no choice of instruments "trading the S&P 500 stock market
       | index and a 30-year US Treasury bond futures contract". And (4)
       | randomly chosen 15 days.
       | 
       | Still furthermore the experiment was made stupid tough: (5) the
       | participants are students and (6) had to allocate bets for 15
       | events and up to 50 times leverage - and that is very difficult
       | to do equally for newcomers and established investors who have
       | not deliberately worked on the issue of bet size and allocation.
       | (See The missing billionaires - A guide to better financial
       | decisions, Victor Haghani and James White, 2023 - excellent book
       | on that topic)
       | 
       | What in the world?? That's a lot of trouble to go to for one
       | cheap marketing headline. With zero applicability to the real
       | world (except as cheap marketing headline and also: studying bet
       | size / allocation is good advice for would be investor.)
       | 
       | Indeed, they themselves recognize the thing in their conclusion:
       | more thoughtful and experienced people did great - although
       | perhaps still not significant because they managed to ask only 5
       | of them...
        
       | orobinson wrote:
       | Read the post. It said that people trade in the wrong direction
       | the majority of the time. So played the game with the strategy
       | that I'd go 50x leverage long or short in the opposite direction
       | to my initial hunch upon reading the headlines.
       | 
       | Ended up with a 1000% return. Just need a time machine now.
        
       | steveBK123 wrote:
       | The reason this is the case is that in most cases, simply knowing
       | the direction of some news event is not enough to predict the
       | reaction in a stock. If only it was so simple, linear and one
       | dimensional.
       | 
       | Generally the reaction of a stock has about a dozen inputs
       | ranging from other market participants expectations, macro/rates,
       | broader market, politics, etc.
       | 
       | On other participants expectations alone..
       | 
       | You might see a news story like "Apple ships record number of
       | iPads" and go wow great, I should have bought Apple yesterday.
       | But you don't know what other participants expected in terms of
       | number of iPads shipped.
       | 
       | Further, you don't know what metric of Apples earnings report
       | that other participants were tracking most closely. What if it
       | was gross margin on iPads sold, and while the units sold went
       | up.. it was all in a newer lower end priced model that dragged
       | down overall margin in the segment?
       | 
       | Further what other news did you miss - what if in some parallel
       | dimension of this game, there was a news story on page 5 about
       | MSFT/GOOG shipping a truly competent iPad competitor.
       | 
       | Or what if what other investors respond to is some aside comment
       | made on the earnings call regarding an expected slowdown in
       | services revenue?
        
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