[HN Gopher] OpenAI whistleblower found dead in San Francisco apa...
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       OpenAI whistleblower found dead in San Francisco apartment
        
       Author : mmorearty
       Score  : 922 points
       Date   : 2024-12-13 21:56 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.mercurynews.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.mercurynews.com)
        
       | alsetmusic wrote:
       | https://archive.is/xBuPg
        
       | cryptozeus wrote:
       | may he rip!
        
       | bpodgursky wrote:
       | I'm confused by the term "whistleblower" here. Was anything
       | actual released that wasn't publicly known?
       | 
       | It seems like he just disagreed with whether it was "fair use" or
       | not, and it was notable because he was at the company. But the
       | facts were always known, OpenAI was training on public
       | copyrighted text data. You could call him an objector, or
       | internal critic or something.
        
         | stonogo wrote:
         | The article holds clues: "Information he held was expected to
         | play a key part in lawsuits against the San Francisco-based
         | company."
        
           | abeppu wrote:
           | and later:
           | 
           | >In a Nov. 18 letter filed in federal court, attorneys for
           | The New York Times named Balaji as someone who had "unique
           | and relevant documents" that would support their case against
           | OpenAI. He was among at least 12 people -- many of them past
           | or present OpenAI employees -- the newspaper had named in
           | court filings as having material helpful to their case, ahead
           | of depositions.
           | 
           | Yes it's true it's been public knowledge _that_ OpenAI has
           | trained on copyrighted data, but details about what was
           | included in training data (albeit dated ...), as well as
           | internal metrics (e.g. do they know how often their models
           | regurgitate paragraphs from a training document?) would be
           | important.
        
             | janalsncm wrote:
             | I guess the question is whether those documents have
             | already been entered into evidence?
        
         | neuroelectron wrote:
         | The issue is it has to be proven in court. This man was
         | personally responsible for developing web scraping; stealing
         | data from likely copyrighted sources. He would have had
         | communications specifically addressing the legality of his
         | responsibilities, which he was openly questioning his superiors
         | about.
        
           | ALittleLight wrote:
           | "Stealing data" seems pretty strong. Web scraping is legal.
           | If you put text on the public Internet other people can read
           | it or do statistical processing on it.
           | 
           | What do you mean he was "stealing data"? Was he hacking into
           | somewhere?
        
             | canoebuilder wrote:
             | In a lot of ways, the statistical processing is a novel
             | form of information retrieval. So the issue is somewhat
             | like if 20 years ago Google was indexing the web, then
             | decided to just rehost all the indexed content on their own
             | servers and monetize the views instead linking to the
             | original source of the content.
        
               | sashank_1509 wrote:
               | It's not anything like rehosting though. Assume I read a
               | bunch of web articles, synthesize that knowledge and then
               | answer a bunch of question on the web. I am performing
               | some form of information retrieval. Do I need to pay the
               | folks who wrote those articles even though they provided
               | it for free on the web?
               | 
               | It seems like the only difference between me and ChatGPT
               | is the scale at which ChatGPT operates. ChatGPT can
               | memorize a very large chunk of the web and keep answering
               | millions of questions while I can memorize a small piece
               | of the web and only answer a few questions. And maybe due
               | to that, it requires new rules, new laws and new
               | definitions for the better of society. But it's nowhere
               | near as clear cut as the Google example you provide.
        
               | underbiding wrote:
               | I love this argument.
               | 
               | "Seems like only difference between me and ChatGPT is
               | absolutely everything".
               | 
               | You can't be flippant about scale not being a factor
               | here. It absolutely is a factor. Pretending that ChatGPT
               | is like a person synthesizing knowledge is an absurd
               | legal argument, it is absolutely nothing like a person,
               | its a machine at the end of the day. Scale absolutely
               | matters in debates like this.
        
               | NeutralCrane wrote:
               | Why?
        
               | bmacho wrote:
               | Why not? A fast piece of metal is different from a slow
               | piece of metal, from a legal perspective.
               | 
               | You can't just say that "this really bad thing that
               | causes a lot of problems is just like this not so bad
               | thing that haven't caused any problem, only more so". Or
               | at least it's not a correct argument.
               | 
               | When it is the scale that causes the harm, stating that
               | the harmful thing is the same as the harmless except the
               | scale, is like.. weird.
        
               | sashank_1509 wrote:
               | So in your view, when a human does it, he causes a minute
               | of harm so we can ignore it, but chatGPT causes a massive
               | amount of harm, so we need to penalize it. Do you realize
               | how radical your position is?
               | 
               | You're saying a human who reads free work that others put
               | out on the internet, synthesizes that knowledge and then
               | answers someone else's question is a minute of evil, that
               | we can ignore. This is beyond weird, I don't think anyone
               | on earth/history would agree with this characterization.
               | If anything, the human is doing a good thing, but when
               | ChatGPT does it at a much larger scale it's no longer
               | good, it becomes evil? This seems more like thinly veiled
               | logic to disguise anxiety that humans are being replaced
               | by AI.
        
               | bmacho wrote:
               | > So in your view, when a human does it, he causes a
               | minute of harm so we can ignore it, but chatGPT causes a
               | massive amount of harm, so we need to penalize it. Do you
               | realize how radical your position is?
               | 
               | Yes, that's my view. No, I don't think that this is
               | radical at all. For some reasons or another, it is indeed
               | quiet uncommon. (Well, not in law, our politicians are
               | perfectly capable of making laws based on the size of
               | danger/harm.)
               | 
               | However, I haven't yet met anyone, who was able to defend
               | the opposite position, e.g. slow bullets = fast bullets,
               | drawing someone = photographing someone, memorizing
               | something = recording something, and so on. Can you?
        
               | sashank_1509 wrote:
               | Don't obfuscate, your view is that the stack overflow
               | commentator, Quora answer writer, blog writer, in fact
               | anyone who did not invent the knowledge he's
               | disseminating, is committing a small amount of evil. That
               | is radical and makes no sense to me.
        
               | bmacho wrote:
               | > Don't obfuscate, your view is that the stack overflow
               | commentator, Quora answer writer, blog writer, in fact
               | anyone who did not invent the knowledge he's
               | disseminating, is committing a small amount of evil.
               | 
               | :/ No, it's not? I've written "haven't caused any
               | problem" and "harmless". You've changed it to "small
               | harm" that I've indeed missed.
               | 
               | I don't think that things that don't cause any problem
               | are evil. That's a ridiculous claim, and I don't
               | understand why would you want me to say that. For example
               | I think 10 billion pandas living here on Earth with us
               | would be bad for humanity. Does that mean that I think
               | that 1 panda is a minute of evil? No, I think it's
               | harmless, maybe even a net good for humanity. I think the
               | same about Quora commenters.
        
               | abduhl wrote:
               | >> A fast piece of metal is different from a slow piece
               | of metal, from a legal perspective.
               | 
               | I'd like to hear more about this legal distinction
               | because it's not one I've ever heard of before.
        
               | bmacho wrote:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gun_law_in_the_United_State
               | s
        
               | abduhl wrote:
               | So there isn't a legal distinction regarding fast/slow
               | metal after all. Well that revelation certainly makes me
               | question your legal analysis about copyright.
        
               | bmacho wrote:
               | I linked a whole article about these laws, but maybe you
               | missed. Here it is again: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G
               | un_law_in_the_United_States
        
               | abduhl wrote:
               | "Slow" doesn't show up when I do a ctrl+F, so again, it
               | seems like you're just confused about how the law works?
        
             | neuroelectron wrote:
             | When you use some webpages, it forces you to agree to an
             | EULA that might preclude web scraping. NYTimes is such a
             | webpage which is why they were sued. This is evidence that
             | OpenAI didn't care about the law. Someone with internal
             | communications about this could completely destroy the
             | company!!!
        
           | unraveller wrote:
           | Web scraping is legal and benefiting from published works is
           | entirely the point, so long as you don't merely redistribute
           | it.
           | 
           | Training on X doesn't run afoul of fair-use because it
           | doesn't redistribute nor does using it simply publish a
           | recitation (as Suchir suggested). Summoning an LLM is closer
           | to the act of editing in a text editor than it is to
           | republishing. His hang up was on how often the original works
           | were being substituted for chatGPT, but like AI sports
           | articles, overlap is to be expected for everything now. Even
           | without web scraping in training it would be impossible to
           | block every user intention to remake an article out of the
           | magic "editor" - that's with no-use of the data not even
           | fair-use.
        
             | mattigames wrote:
             | "Summoning an LLM is closer to the act of editing in a text
             | editor than it is to republishing." This quote puts so
             | succinctly all that is wrong with LLM, it's the most
             | convenient interpretation to an extreme point, like the
             | creators of fair use laws ever expected AI to exist, like
             | the constrains of human abilities were never in the
             | slightest influential to the fabrication of such laws.
        
             | hnfong wrote:
             | > Web scraping is legal and benefiting from published works
             | is entirely the point, so long as you don't merely
             | redistribute it.
             | 
             | That's plainly false. Generally, if you redistribute
             | "derivative works" you're also infringing. The question is
             | what counts as derivative works, and I'm pretty sure
             | lawyers and judges are perfectly capable of complicating
             | the picture given the high stakes.
        
       | neilv wrote:
       | Condolences to the family. It sounds like he was a very
       | thoughtful and principled person.
        
         | OutOfHere wrote:
         | [flagged]
        
           | tivert wrote:
           | [flagged]
        
             | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
             | Yeah - what Disney does with the mouse is egregious, but if
             | I write a book or creating painting I'd like to not have a
             | thousand imitators xeroxing away any potential earnings.
        
             | OutOfHere wrote:
             | It is nothing like vaccines. Zero. I can easily imagine a
             | thriving world without copyrights, but I cannot without
             | vaccines.
        
               | tivert wrote:
               | > It is nothing like vaccines. Zero. I can easily imagine
               | a thriving world without copyrights, but I cannot without
               | vaccines.
               | 
               | For the record, the world can and did thrive before
               | vaccines were invented, so you don't have to imagine it.
               | Sure there was more sickness and death, but we have
               | plenty of that now, and I doubt you'd consider today's
               | world "not thriving."
               | 
               | But ok, then. Imagine that world without copyrights for
               | me. In detail. And answer these questions:
               | 
               | 1. You're an author, who's written a wildly successful
               | book in your free time. How do you get paid to become a
               | full-time author? Remember, no copyright means Amazon,
               | B&N, and every other place is making tons of money by
               | printing up their own copies and sells them without
               | giving you any royalties.
               | 
               | 2. You've developed some open source software, and would
               | like to use the GPL to keep it that way. Amazon just
               | forked it, and is making tons of money off of it, but is
               | keeping their fork closed. How do you get them to
               | distribute their changes in accordance with the GPL?
               | 
               | 3. You're an inventor, and you've spend years and all
               | your savings working on R&D for a brilliant idea and you
               | finally got it working. You don't have much manufacturing
               | muscle, but you managed to get a small batch onto the
               | market. BigCo saw one of your demos, bought one, reverse
               | engineered it, and with their vast resources is
               | undercutting you on price. They're making _tons_ of
               | money, and paying you no royalties. How do you stay in
               | business? Should you have even bothered?
        
               | OutOfHere wrote:
               | Regarding life without vaccines, the life expectancy
               | could then be very low. Whether this qualifies as
               | "thriving" is subjective. The population as a whole could
               | still thrive, but individuals may not.
               | 
               | Regarding your other points:
               | 
               | 1. That is a bad argument. Imagine that some people
               | called collectors get to collect royalties from you every
               | time you post a HN comment. Such collectors are paid for
               | moderating comments. Some such collectors are wildly
               | successful. Imagine that "commentright" law protects such
               | people. If commentright law were to go away, how do such
               | people get paid? (It's a fake problem, and copyright law
               | is similarly no different.) In essence, if you love to
               | write, go write, but don't expect artificial laws to save
               | you.
               | 
               | 2. To my knowledge, Amazon is not known to violate a
               | preexisting GPL license. Amazon forks only things that
               | were open in the past, but are now no longer open. In
               | doing so, Amazon ensures the fork stays open. There is no
               | license violation. If Amazon is making tons of money,
               | it's probably because the software wasn't AGPL licensed
               | in the first place.
               | 
               | 3. This has already happened twice to me, and frankly, I
               | am not worried. I can still carve out my limited focused
               | niche.
               | 
               | I try to look at the bigger picture which is the picture
               | of AGI, of the future of humanity, not of artificial
               | protections or even of individual success. Your beliefs
               | are shaped by the culture you were exposed to as an
               | adolescent. If you had grown up in Tibet, or if you had
               | tried LSD a few times in your life, or were exposed to
               | say Buddhism, your beliefs about individual greed would
               | be very different.
        
               | tivert wrote:
               | > Regarding life without vaccines, the life expectancy
               | could then be very low. Whether this qualifies as
               | "thriving" is subjective.
               | 
               | The life expectancy would not be "very low" without
               | vaccines. It wasn't especially before they were invented,
               | and it wouldn't be afterwards (especially with modern
               | medicine minus vaccines).
               | 
               | > In essence, if you love to write, go write, but don't
               | expect artificial laws to save you.
               | 
               |  _All laws_ are  "artificial." You might as well go the
               | full measure, and say if you want to keep what's "yours"
               | defend it yourself. Don't expect some artificial private
               | property laws to save you.
               | 
               | And if writing is turned purely into a hobby of the
               | passionate, they'll be a lot less of it, because the
               | people who are good at it will be forced to expend their
               | energy doing other things to support themselves (if
               | they're a member of the idle rich).
               | 
               | > 2. To my knowledge, Amazon is not known to violate a
               | preexisting GPL license.
               | 
               | You missed the point. Copyright is foundational to the
               | GPL: without it, no GPL. "Amazon is not known to violate
               | a preexisting GPL license," for the same reason they
               | don't print up their own "pirated" copies of the latest
               | bestseller to tell, instead of buying copies from the
               | publisher: it would be illegal.
               | 
               | > 3. This has already happened twice to me, and frankly,
               | I am not worried. I can still carve out my limited
               | focused niche.
               | 
               | It did, did it? Tell the story.
               | 
               | > your beliefs about individual greed would be very
               | different.
               | 
               | What do you mean my "beliefs about individual greed?" Do
               | tell.
        
               | OutOfHere wrote:
               | For well over ten years now, companies like Facebook/Meta
               | and Google have perused research code by academic and
               | other researchers, seen what is catching on, then soon
               | made better versions themselves. Google in particular has
               | soon also offered commercial services for the same,
               | outcompeting the smaller commercial services offered by
               | the researchers. Frankly, I am glad Google does it
               | because the world is better for it. It's the same with
               | Amazon because frankly it's a lot of work to scale a
               | service globally, and most smaller groups would do a far
               | worse job at it.
               | 
               | My criteria for what is good vs bad is what makes the
               | world better or worse as a whole, not what makes me
               | better off. It is clear to me that the availability of AI
               | triggered by GPT has made the world better, and if OpenAI
               | has to violate copyrights to get there or stay there,
               | that's a worthwhile sacrifice imho. There is still plenty
               | of commercial scientific and media writing that is not
               | going away even if copyright laws were to disappear.
               | 
               | Book readership (outside of school) is already very low
               | now, and is only going to get lower, close to zero. You
               | might be defending a losing field. An AI is going to be
               | able to write a custom book (or parts of it) on demand -
               | do you see how this changes things?
               | 
               | Ultimately I realize that we have to put food on the
               | table, but I don't think copyrights are necessary for it.
               | There are plenty of other ways to make money.
        
           | dang wrote:
           | > _Not that thoughtful. Copyright law is mostly harmful.
           | Apparently he couldn 't realize this simple conclusion._
           | 
           | " _Eschew flamebait. Avoid generic tangents._ "
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
       | sharkjacobs wrote:
       | http://suchir.net/fair_use.html
       | 
       | When does generative AI qualify for fair use? by Suchir Balaji
        
         | minimaxir wrote:
         | It's also worth reading his initial tweet:
         | https://x.com/suchirbalaji/status/1849192575758139733
         | 
         | > I recently participated in a NYT story about fair use and
         | generative AI, and why I'm skeptical "fair use" would be a
         | plausible defense for a lot of generative AI products. I also
         | wrote a blog post (https://suchir.net/fair_use.html) about the
         | nitty-gritty details of fair use and why I believe this.
         | 
         | > To give some context: I was at OpenAI for nearly 4 years and
         | worked on ChatGPT for the last 1.5 of them. I initially didn't
         | know much about copyright, fair use, etc. but became curious
         | after seeing all the lawsuits filed against GenAI companies.
         | When I tried to understand the issue better, I eventually came
         | to the conclusion that fair use seems like a pretty implausible
         | defense for a lot of generative AI products, for the basic
         | reason that they can create substitutes that compete with the
         | data they're trained on. I've written up the more detailed
         | reasons for why I believe this in my post. Obviously, I'm not a
         | lawyer, but I still feel like it's important for even non-
         | lawyers to understand the law -- both the letter of it, and
         | also why it's actually there in the first place.
         | 
         | > That being said, I don't want this to read as a critique of
         | ChatGPT or OpenAI per se, because fair use and generative AI is
         | a much broader issue than any one product or company. I highly
         | encourage ML researchers to learn more about copyright -- it's
         | a really important topic, and precedent that's often cited like
         | Google Books isn't actually as supportive as it might seem.
         | 
         | > Feel free to get in touch if you'd like to chat about fair
         | use, ML, or copyright -- I think it's a very interesting
         | intersection. My email's on my personal website.
        
           | bsenftner wrote:
           | I'm an applied AI developer and CTO at a law firm, and we
           | discuss the fair use argument quite a bit. It grey enough
           | that whom ever has more financial revenues to continue their
           | case will win. Such is the law and legal industry in the USA.
        
             | motohagiography wrote:
             | what twigs me about the argument against fair use (whereby
             | AI ostensibly "replicates" the content competitively
             | against the original) is that it assumes a model trained on
             | journalism produces journalism or is designed to produce
             | it. the argument against that stance would be easy to make.
        
               | riwsky wrote:
               | Doesn't need to be journalism, just needs to compete with
               | it.
        
               | snovv_crash wrote:
               | I think it makes more sense in context of entertainment.
               | However even in journalism, given the source data there's
               | no reason an LLM couldn't put together the actual public
               | facing article, video etc.
        
               | MadnessASAP wrote:
               | It has become ludicrously clear in the past decade that
               | many of the competitors to journalism are very much not
               | journalism.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | The model isn't trained on journalism only, you can't
               | even isolate its training like that. It's trained on
               | human writing in general and across specialties, and it's
               | designed to _compete with humans on what humans do with
               | text_ , of which journalism is merely a tiny special
               | case.
               | 
               | I think the only principle positions to be had here is to
               | either ignore IP rights for LLM training, or give up
               | entirely, because a model designed to be general like
               | human will need to be trained like a human, i.e. immersed
               | in the same reality as we are, same culture, most of
               | which is shackled by IP claims - and then, obviously, by
               | definition, as it gets better it gets more competitive
               | with humans on everything humans do.
               | 
               | You can produce a complaint that "copyrighted X was used
               | in training a model that now can compete with humans on
               | producing X" for arbitrary value of X. You can even
               | produce a complaint about "copyrighted X used in training
               | model that now outcompetes us in producing Y", for
               | arbitrary X and Y that are not even related together, and
               | it will still be true. Such is a nature of a general-
               | purpose ML model.
        
               | MichaelZuo wrote:
               | This seems to be putting the cart before the horse.
               | 
               | IP rights, or even IP itself as a concept, isn't
               | fundamental to existence nor the default state of nature.
               | They are contigent concepts, contigent on many factors.
               | 
               | e.g. It has to be actively, continuously, maintained as
               | time advances. There could be disagreements on how often,
               | such as per annum, per case, per WIPO meeting, etc...
               | 
               | But if no such activity occurs over a very long time, say
               | a century, then any claims to any IP will likely, by
               | default, be extinguished.
               | 
               | So nobody needs to do anything for it all to become
               | irrelevant. That will automatically occur given enough
               | time...
        
               | timschmidt wrote:
               | > IP rights, or even IP itself as a concept, isn't
               | fundamental to existence nor the default state of nature.
               | 
               | This is correct. Copyright wasn't a thing until after the
               | invention of the printing press.
        
               | motohagiography wrote:
               | the analogy in the anti-fair-use argument is that if I am
               | the WSJ, and you are a reader and investor who reads my
               | newspaper, and then you go on to make a billion dollars
               | in profitable trades, somehow I as the publisher am
               | entitled to some equity or compensation for your use of
               | my journalism.
               | 
               | That argument is equally absurd as one where you write a
               | program that does the same thing. Model training is not
               | only fair use, but publishers should be grateful someone
               | has done something of value for humanity with their
               | collected drivelings.
        
           | DennisP wrote:
           | > they can create substitutes that compete with the data
           | they're trained on.
           | 
           | If I'm an artist and copy the style of another artist, I'm
           | also competing with that artist, without violating copyright.
           | I wouldn't see this argument holding up unless it can output
           | close copies of particular works.
        
         | Terr_ wrote:
         | There's also the output side: Perhaps outputs of generative AI
         | should be ineligible for copyright.
        
           | dr_dshiv wrote:
           | That is the current position, weirdly enough.
        
             | fenomas wrote:
             | Indeed, and to me it's one of the reasons it's hard to
             | argue that generative AI violates copyright.
             | 
             | At least in the US, a derivative work is a creative (i.e.
             | copyrightable) work in its own right. Neither AI models nor
             | their output meet that bar, so it's not clear what the
             | infringing derivative work could be.
        
               | Terr_ wrote:
               | Non-derivative doesn't mean the same as non-infringing
               | though.
               | 
               | For example, suppose if I photograph a copyrighted
               | painting, and then started selling copies of the
               | slightly-cropped photo. The output wouldn't have enough
               | originality to qualify as a derivative work (let alone an
               | original work) but it would still be infringement against
               | the painter.
        
               | fenomas wrote:
               | If you added something to the painting then you're
               | selling a derivative work, and if you didn't then you're
               | selling a copy of the work itself - but either way _an
               | expressive work_ is being used, which is what copyright
               | law regulates. IANAL, but with LLM models and outputs
               | that seems not to be the case.
        
               | shakna wrote:
               | Piracy generates works that are neither derivative nor
               | wholly copies (e.g. pre-cracked software). They are not
               | considered creative works in the current framework.
               | 
               | They are however, considered to be infringing.
        
               | fenomas wrote:
               | The distinction between a copy and a derivative work
               | isn't the issue. A game is _expressive content_ ,
               | regardless of whether it's cracked, modified, public
               | domain, or whatever. If you distribute a pirated game,
               | the thing you're distributing contains expressive
               | content, so if somebody else holds copyright to that
               | content then the use is infringing.
               | 
               | My point is that with LLM outputs that's not true -
               | according to the copyright office they are not themselves
               | expressive content, so it's not obvious how they could
               | infringe on (i.e. contain the expressive content of)
               | other works.
        
               | shakna wrote:
               | I think you're missing something really obvious here.
               | Piracy is not expressive content. You call it a game, and
               | therefore it must be - but it's not. It's simply an
               | illegal good. It doesn't have to serve any purpose. It
               | cannot be bound by copyright, due to the illegal nature.
               | The Morris Worm wasn't copyrightable content.
               | 
               | Something is _not_ required to be expressive content, to
               | be bound under law. That 's not a requirement.
               | 
               | The law goes out of its way to _not_ define what  "a
               | work" is. The US copyright system instead says "the
               | material deposited constitutes copyrightable subject
               | matter". A copyrightable thing is defined by being
               | copyrightable. There's a logical loop there, allowing the
               | law to define itself, as best makes sense. It leans on
               | Common Law, not some definition that is written down.
               | 
               | "an AI-created work is likely either (1) a public domain
               | work immediately upon creation and without a copyright
               | owner capable of asserting rights or (2) a derivative
               | work of the materials the AI tool was exposed to during
               | training."
               | 
               | AI outputs aren't considered copyrighted, as there's no
               | _person_ responsible. The person has the right to
               | copyright for the creations. A machine, does not. If the
               | most substantial efforts involved are human, such as
               | directly wielding a tool, then the person may incur
               | copyright on the production. But an automated process,
               | will not. As AI stands, the most substantial direction is
               | not supplied by the person.
        
               | fenomas wrote:
               | > Piracy is not expressive content. You call it a game,
               | and therefore it must be - but it's not. It's simply an
               | illegal good. It doesn't have to serve any purpose. It
               | cannot be bound by copyright, due to the illegal nature.
               | 
               | To be honest, reading this I have no idea what you think
               | my post said, so I can only ask you to reread it
               | carefully. Obviously nobody would claim "piracy is
               | expressive content" (what would that even mean?). I said
               | a _game_ is expressive content, and that that 's why
               | distributing a pirated game infringes copyright.
        
             | A1kmm wrote:
             | Although the model weights themselves are also outputs of
             | the training, and interestingly the companies that train
             | models tend to claim model weights are copyrighted.
             | 
             | If a set of OpenAI model weights ever leak, it would be
             | interesting to see if OpenAI tries to claim they are
             | subject to copyright. Surely it would be a double standard
             | if the outcome is distributing model weights is a copyright
             | violation, but the outputs of model inference are not
             | subject to copyright. If they can only have one of the two,
             | the latter point might be more important to OpenAI than
             | protecting leaked model weights.
        
         | visarga wrote:
         | > training on copyrighted data without a similar licensing
         | agreement is also a type of market harm, because it deprives
         | the copyright holder of a source of revenue
         | 
         | I would respond to this by
         | 
         | 1. authors don't actually get revenue from royalties, instead
         | it's all about add revenue which leads to enshittification. If
         | they were to live on royalties they would die of hunger,
         | artists, copywriters and musicians.
         | 
         | 2. copyright is increasingly concentrated in the hands of a few
         | companies and don't really benefit the authors or the readers
         | 
         | 3. actually the competition to new creative works is not AI,
         | but old creative works that have been accumulating for 25 years
         | on the web
         | 
         | I don't think restrictive copyright is what we need. Instead we
         | have seen people migrate from passive consumption to
         | interactivity, we now prefer games, social networks and search
         | engines to TV, press and radio. Can't turn this trend back, it
         | was created by the internet. We have now wikipedia, github,
         | linux, open source, public domain, open scientific publications
         | and non-restrictive environments for sharing and commenting.
         | 
         | If we were to take the idea of protecting copyrights to the
         | extreme, it would mean we need to protect abstract ideas not
         | just expression, because generative AI can easily route around
         | that. But if we protected abstractions from reuse, it would be
         | a disaster for creativity. I just think copyright is a dead man
         | walking at this point.
        
         | jarsin wrote:
         | I just realized I stumbled on some of this guys writings when I
         | was researching AI and copyright cases. I submitted this one to
         | HN awhile back.
         | 
         | He seemed very insightful for someone that isn't a lawyer.
         | 
         | RIP.
        
       | abeppu wrote:
       | So, not at all the point of the article, but ... who does Mercury
       | News think is benefited by the embedded map at the bottom of the
       | article with a point just labeled "San Francisco, CA", centered
       | at Market & Van Ness? It's not where the guy lived. If you're a
       | non-local reader confused about where SF is, the map is far too
       | zoomed in to show you.
        
         | tmiku wrote:
         | The embedded map has a link to a "story map" that drops a pin
         | for each recent story, mostly around the bay area. Probably a
         | default to embed a zoom-in on each story's map entry at the
         | bottom of the story text.
         | 
         | They mention "Lower Haight" and "Buchanan St" for the apartment
         | location. In lieu of an exact address of his apartment, I feel
         | like the marked location is reasonably close to situate the
         | story within the area - within a half mile or so?
        
       | lolinder wrote:
       | Normally the word "whistleblower" means someone who revealed
       | previously-unknown facts about an organization. In this case he's
       | a former employee who had an interview where he criticized
       | OpenAI, but the facts that he was in possession of were not only
       | widely known at the time but were the subject of an ongoing
       | lawsuit that had launched months prior.
       | 
       | As much as I want to give this a charitable reading, the only
       | explanation I can think of for using the word whistleblower here
       | is to imply that there's something shady about the death.
        
         | lyu07282 wrote:
         | You assume he revealed everything he knew, he was most likely
         | under NDA, the ongoing lawsuit cited him as a source. Which
         | presumably he didn't yet testify for and now he never will be
         | able to. His (most likely ruled suicide inb4) death should also
         | give pause to the other 11 on that list:
         | 
         | > He was among at least 12 people -- many of them past or
         | present OpenAI employees -- the newspaper had named in court
         | filings as having material helpful to their case, ahead of
         | depositions.
        
           | lolinder wrote:
           | Being one of 12+ witnesses in a lawsuit where the facts are
           | hardly in dispute is not the same as being a whistleblower.
           | The key questions in this lawsuit are not and never were
           | going to come down to insider information--OpenAI does not
           | dispute that they trained on copyrighted material, they
           | dispute that it was illegal for them to do so.
        
             | lyu07282 wrote:
             | So the lawyers who said they had "possession of information
             | that would be helpful to their case" were misleading? Your
             | whole rationalization seems very biased. He raised public
             | awareness (including details of) of some wrongdoing he
             | perceived at the company and was most likely going to
             | testify about those wrongdoings, that qualifies as a
             | whistleblower in my book.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | > "possession of information that would be helpful to
               | their case" were misleading?
               | 
               | I didn't say that, but helpful comes on a very large
               | spectrum, and lawyers have other words for people who
               | have information that is crucial to their case.
               | 
               | > that qualifies as a whistleblower in my book.
               | 
               | I'm not trying to downplay his contribution, I'm
               | questioning the integrity of the title of TFA. You have
               | only to skim this comment section to see how many people
               | have jumped to the conclusion that Sam Altman must have
               | wanted this guy dead.
        
             | bobthecowboy wrote:
             | It seems like it would matter if they internally
             | believed/discussed it being illegal for them to do so, but
             | then did it anyway and publicly said they felt they were in
             | the clear.
        
               | Filligree wrote:
               | That could matter for the judgement if it's found to be
               | illegal. But OpenAI does not get to decide that what
               | they're doing is illegal.
        
         | anon373839 wrote:
         | > Normally the word "whistleblower" means someone who revealed
         | previously-unknown facts
         | 
         | Not to be pedantic, but this is actually incorrect, both under
         | federal and California law. Case law is actually very explicit
         | on the point that the information does NOT need to be
         | previously unknown to qualify for whistleblower protection.
         | 
         | However, disclosing information to the media is not typically
         | protected.
        
           | lolinder wrote:
           | Right, but as you note the legal definition doesn't apply
           | here anyway, we're clearly using the colloquial definition of
           | whistleblower. And that definition comes with the implication
           | that powerful people would want a particular person dead.
           | 
           | In this case I see very little reason to believe that would
           | be the case. No one has hinted that this employee has more
           | damning information than was already public knowledge, and
           | the lawsuit that he was going to testify in is one in which
           | the important facts are not in dispute. The question doesn't
           | come down to what OpenAI did (they trained on copyrighted
           | data) but what the law says about it (is training on
           | copyrighted data fair use?).
        
             | anon373839 wrote:
             | Well, I still disagree. In reality _companies still
             | retaliate_ against whistleblowers even when the information
             | is already out there. (Hence the need for Congress, federal
             | courts and the California Supreme Court to clarify that
             | whistleblower activity is still protected even if the
             | information is already known.)
             | 
             | I, of course, am not proposing that OpenAI assassinated
             | this person. Just pointing out that disclosures of known
             | information can and do motivate retaliation, and are
             | considered whistleblowing.
        
               | chgs wrote:
               | > I, of course, am not proposing that OpenAI assassinated
               | 
               | Presumably you mean the company. How many decades before
               | AI has that ability.
        
             | stefan_ wrote:
             | We are? It's just you here, making a bizarre nitpick in a
             | thread on a persons death.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | The thread looks very different than it did when I wrote
               | any of the above--at the time it was entirely composed of
               | people casually asserting that this was most likely an
               | assassination. I wrote this with the intent of shutting
               | down that speculation by pointing out that we have no
               | reason to believe that this person had enough information
               | for it to be worth the risk of killing him.
               | 
               | Since I wrote this the tone of the thread shifted and
               | others took up the torch to focus on the tragedy. That's
               | wonderful, but someone had to take the first step to stem
               | the ignorant assassination takes.
        
           | Terr_ wrote:
           | I think their post boils down to: "This title implies someone
           | would have a strong reason to murder them, but that isn't
           | true."
           | 
           | We can evaluate that argument without caring too much about
           | whether the writer _intended_ it, or whether some other
           | circumstances might have forced their word-choice.
        
             | blast wrote:
             | From the article:
             | 
             | "The Mercury News and seven sister news outlets are among
             | several newspapers, including the New York Times, to sue
             | OpenAI in the past year."
             | 
             | That's a conflict of interest when it comes to objective
             | reporting.
        
         | ninetyninenine wrote:
         | No. Anytime someone potentially possesses information that is
         | damning to a company and that person is killed... the low
         | probability of such an even being a random coincidence is quite
         | low. It is so low such that it is extremely reasonable to
         | consider the potential for an actual assassination while not
         | precluding that a coincidence is a possibility.
        
           | lolinder wrote:
           | > Anytime someone potentially possesses information that is
           | damning to a company and that person is killed... the low
           | probability of such an even being a random coincidence is
           | quite low.
           | 
           | You're running into the birthday paradox here. The
           | probability of a specific witness dying before they can
           | testify in a lawsuit is low. The probability of any one of
           | dozens of people involved in a lawsuit dying before it's
           | resolved is actually rather high.
        
             | smt88 wrote:
             | A 26yo dying is not "one of dozens," it's ~1/10,000 in the
             | US (and likely much lower if we consider this guy's
             | background and socioeconomic status).
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | If we're going to control for life situations, you have
               | to calculate the suicide rate for people who are actively
               | involved in a high stakes lawsuit against a former
               | employer, which is going to be much higher than average.
               | Then factor in non-suicide death rates as well. Then
               | consider that there are apparently at least 12 like him
               | in this lawsuit, and several other lawsuits pending.
               | 
               | I'm not going to pretend to know what the exact odds are,
               | but it's going to end up way higher than 1/10k.
        
             | ninetyninenine wrote:
             | Right, so given the paradox, consider both possibilities
             | rather then dismiss one like the parent is implying here.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | I've considered the probabilities of both and find one to
               | be far more likely.
        
               | ninetyninenine wrote:
               | What a useless answer. I considered whether your answer
               | was influenced by mental deficiency and bias and I
               | considered one possibility to be more likely then the
               | other.
        
               | XorNot wrote:
               | Or you could just look at the facts of the case
               | (currently: no foul play suspected). Are the cops in on
               | it? The morgue? The local city? How high does this go?
               | 
               | This isn't something which happened in isolation. This
               | isn't "someone died". It's "someone died, and dozens of
               | people are going to sign off that this obviously not a
               | suicide was definitely a suicide".
               | 
               | Like, is that possible? Can you fake a suicide and leave
               | no evidence you did? If you can then how many suicides
               | aren't actually suicides but homicides? How would we
               | know?
               | 
               | You're acting like it's a binary choice of probabilities
               | but it isn't.
        
               | ninetyninenine wrote:
               | Why did you have to make it go in the direction of
               | conspiracy theory? Of course not.
               | 
               | An assassination that looks like a suicide but isn't is
               | extremely possible. You don't have enough details from
               | the article to make a call on this.
               | 
               | > You're acting like it's a binary choice of
               | probabilities but it isn't.
               | 
               | It is a binary choice because that's typically how the
               | question is formulated in the process of the scientific
               | method. Was it suicide or was it not a suicide? Binary.
               | Once that question is analyzed you can dig deeper into
               | was it an assassination or was it not? Essentially two
               | binary questions are needed to cover every possibility
               | here and to encompass suicide and assassination.
        
           | FireBeyond wrote:
           | I've listened to many comments here on some of these, saying
           | it must be assassination "because the person insisted, "If
           | I'm ever found dead, it's not suicide!"." This is sometimes
           | despite extensive mental health history.
           | 
           | Entirely possible.
           | 
           | But in my career as a paramedic, I've (sadly) lost count of
           | the number of mental health patients who have said, "Yeah,
           | that was just a glitch, I'm not suicidal, not now/nor then."
           | ... and gone on to commit or attempt suicide in extremely
           | short order.
        
             | ninetyninenine wrote:
             | Right. It could be but it could not be. Your paramedic
             | knowledge makes sense and you've rightly stated that the
             | assassination theory is a possibility.
        
           | SideQuark wrote:
           | Computer the probability, don't make claims without making a
           | solid estimate.
           | 
           | No, it's not low. No need to put conspiracies before
           | evidence, and certainly not by making claims you've not done
           | no diligence on.
           | 
           | And the article provides statements by professionals who
           | routinely investigate homicides and suicides that they have
           | no reason to believe anything other than suicide.
        
             | ninetyninenine wrote:
             | Who the hell can compute a number from this? All
             | probabilities on this case are made with a gut.
             | 
             | Why don't you tell me the probability instead of demanding
             | one from me? You're the one making a claim that
             | professional judgment makes the probability so solid that
             | it's basically a suicide. So tell me about your
             | computation.
             | 
             | What gets me is the level of stupid you have to be to not
             | even consider the other side. Like if a person literally
             | tells you he's not going to suicide and if he does it's an
             | assassination then he suicides and your first instinct is
             | to only trust what the professionals say well... I can't
             | help you.
        
         | calf wrote:
         | > Normally the word "whistleblower" means someone who revealed
         | previously-unknown facts about an organization.
         | 
         | A whistleblower could also be someone in the process of doing
         | so, i.e. they have a claim about the organization, as well as a
         | promise to give detailed facts and evidence later in a
         | courtroom.
         | 
         | I think that's the more commonsense understanding of what
         | whistleblowers are and what they do. Your remark hinges on a
         | narrow definition.
        
           | jll29 wrote:
           | Technically, the term "insider witness of the prosecution"
           | could fit his role.
        
         | ADeerAppeared wrote:
         | > but the facts that he was in possession of were not only
         | widely known at the time but were the subject of an ongoing
         | lawsuit that had launched months prior.
         | 
         | That is an exceedingly charitable read of these lawsuits.
         | 
         | Everyone knows LLMs are copyright infringement machines. Their
         | architecture has no distinction between facts and expressions.
         | For an LLM to be capable of learning and repeating facts, it
         | must also be able to learn and repeat expressions. That is
         | copyright infringement in action. And because these systems are
         | used to directly replace the market for human-authored works
         | they were trained on, it is also copyright infringement in
         | spirit. There is no defending against the claim of copyright
         | infringement on technical details. (C.f. Google Books, which
         | was ruled fair use because of it's strict delineation of facts
         | about books and the expressions of their contents, and provides
         | the former but not a substitute for the latter.)
         | 
         | The legal defense AI companies put up is entirely predicated on
         | "Well you can't prove that we did a copyright infringement on
         | these specific works of yours!".
         | 
         | Which is nonsense, getting LLMs to regurgitate training data is
         | easy. As easy at it is for them to output facts. Or rather, it
         | was. AI companies maintain this claim of "you can't prove it"
         | by aggressively filtering out any instances of problematic
         | content whenever a claim surfaces. If you didn't collect
         | extensive data before going public, the AI company quickly adds
         | your works to it's copyright filter and proclaims in court that
         | their LLMs do not "copy".
         | 
         | A copyright filter that scans all output for verbatim
         | reproductions of training data _sounds_ like a reasonable
         | compromise solution, but it isn 't. LLMs are paraphrasing
         | machines, any such copyright filter will simply not work
         | because the token sequence 2nd-most-probable to a copyrighted
         | expression is a simple paraphrase of that copyrighted
         | expression. Now, consider: LLMs treat facts and expressions as
         | the same. Filtering impedes the LLM's ability to use and
         | process facts. Strict and extensive filtering will lobotomize
         | the system.
         | 
         | This leaves AI companies in a sensitive legal position. They
         | are not playing fair in the courts. They are outright lying in
         | the media. The wrong employees being called to testify will be
         | ruineous. "We built an extensive system to obstruct discovery,
         | here's the exact list of copyright infringement we hid". Even
         | just knowing which coworkers worked on what systems (and should
         | be called to testify) is dangerous information.
         | 
         | Sure. The information was public. But OpenAI denies it and
         | gaslights extensively. They act like it's still private
         | information, and to the courts, it currently still is.
         | 
         | And to clarify: No I'm not saying murder or any other foul play
         | was involved here. Murder isn't the way companies silence their
         | dangerous whistleblowers anyway. You don't need to hire a
         | hitman when you can simply run someone out of town and harass
         | them to the point of suicide with none of the legal
         | culpability. Did that happen here? Who knows, phone & chat logs
         | will show. Friends and family will almost certainly have known
         | and would speak up if that is the case.
        
           | hnfong wrote:
           | If we take the logic of your final paragraph to its ultimate
           | conclusion, it seems companies can avoid having friends and
           | family speak up about the harassment if they just hire a
           | hitman.
        
       | DevX101 wrote:
       | Anyone who's a whistleblower should compile key docs and put it
       | in a "dead man's switch" service that releases your
       | testimony/docs to multiple news agencies in the event of your
       | untimely demise. The company you're whistle blowing against and
       | their major shareholders should know this exists. Also, regularly
       | post public video attesting to you current mental state.
        
         | eastbound wrote:
         | But then what do you have to whistleblow?
        
         | cced wrote:
         | Weren't theres couple of dead Boeing whistleblowers in recent
         | times relating to poor AA/design?
        
           | dtquad wrote:
           | They were whistleblowers related to Boeing manufacturing and
           | quality control.
           | 
           | Boeing manufacturing is also the source of the persistent
           | Boeing problems and issues that goes back to before the MCAS
           | catastrophic incidents and has continued after MCAS was
           | fixed.
           | 
           | Airbus has deeply integrated R&D and manufacturing hubs where
           | the R&D engineers and scientists can just walk a few minutes
           | and they will be inside the factory halls manufacturing the
           | parts they designs.
           | 
           | Meanwhile Boeing has separated and placed their manufacturing
           | plants in the US states where they can get most federal and
           | state tax benefits for job creation.
        
             | signatoremo wrote:
             | > Airbus has deeply integrated R&D and manufacturing hubs
             | where the R&D engineers and scientists can just walk a few
             | minutes and they will be inside the factory halls
             | manufacturing the parts they designs.
             | 
             | This is not true. Airbus has a history of competition
             | between French and Germany parts. The assembly plants are
             | spread in France, Germany, UK, Spain, Italy. No such things
             | as deeply integrated R&D and manufacturing hubs.
             | 
             | Boeing crisis makes Airbus look better. Airbus itself isn't
             | renown for efficiency.
        
         | srigi wrote:
         | If evil company knows that you have this kind of watch-dog,
         | you're risking a torture instead of quick death.
        
         | exceptione wrote:
         | > multiple news agencies
         | 
         | In the case of the US, you cannot make your selection wide
         | enough. For optimal security, get it to both local news
         | organizations and serious European press agencies.
         | 
         | The US news media do not have independent editorial boards.
         | Several titles are actually from the same house. Corporate
         | ownership, and professionals going to the dark side via
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elite_capture are just some other
         | risks.
         | 
         | Even if it gets published, your story can be suppressed by the
         | way the media house deals with it. Also, there are many ways to
         | silence news that is inconvenient or doesn't fit belief
         | schemes, good example
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42387549
        
           | bubaumba wrote:
           | > European press agencies
           | 
           | It's very naive to believe in 'European press'. To get the
           | idea check Ukrainian war coverage. What you'll see first is
           | how single sided it is. This cannot be a coincidence. It can
           | be only a result of total control. I respected 'The
           | Guardians' before, but after eyes opening it appears to be
           | the most brainwashing and manipulative there. Very
           | professionally done, must admit. The problem isn't just that
           | war, it's likely everything and I have no easy way to check
           | for example what really happened in Afghan war. Did US really
           | won like Biden said?
        
             | consumer451 wrote:
             | > It's very naive to believe in 'European press'. To get
             | the idea check Ukrainian war coverage. What you'll see
             | first is how single sided it is.
             | 
             | This is such a wild take from my POV, a person in the EU.
             | 
             | Have you considered the possibility that the nearest
             | imperialist power beginning to violently invade Europe
             | again is likely to trigger a common reaction?
             | 
             | This is one of those rare cases in modern history where
             | there is a clear right vs. wrong. What exactly do you
             | expect the news to talk about that is less "single sided?"
        
               | bubaumba wrote:
               | I can explain a bit. Russians living in Empire of Evil
               | can see all internet including US and EU news. At the
               | same time 'Putin propaganda' channels are blocked in EU.
               | In EU only one side is available. This creates an
               | information bubble, as intended. Which is a basic crowd
               | control technique used to drive public opinion. In this
               | case to support the war. The result is obvious, EU polls
               | show much stronger support than the rest of the world.
               | Even though media claims most of the world is against
               | Putin, if you look at the map it's only minority, NATO
               | and a few allies. In some EU countries it's even a crime
               | look through the bubble's wall. Most don't realize it
               | even exists. They accept the arguments from their
               | politicians. Like it's a business opportunity, or it's a
               | cheap way to harm Putin. The price for that is hundreds
               | of thousands of human lives on both sides. Which is
               | generally considered as ok, as those are Russians and
               | Ukrainians, not us. Actually media doesn't talk much
               | about it.
        
               | mylidlpony wrote:
               | Hahahaha, what? Most of western news sources are blocked
               | in russia after they published Bucha reports. They are
               | literally jailing people for mentioning it on personal vk
               | pages and such.
        
               | usea wrote:
               | Europeans having stronger opinions than others about
               | Russia invading Europe is not evidence of a conspiracy.
        
               | OfficeChad wrote:
               | Fuck off.
        
               | kristiandupont wrote:
               | >In this case to support the war.
               | 
               | while all of you Putin supporters are such a peace loving
               | people, right?
        
               | red_trumpet wrote:
               | > Russians living in Empire of Evil can see all internet
               | including US and EU news.
               | 
               | That's just not true, e.g. Russia also blocked the German
               | propaganda channel dw.com (Deutsche Welle).
        
               | ulfw wrote:
               | Ah yes calling DW a propaganda channel.
               | 
               | We found the Russian state actor account here.
        
               | red_trumpet wrote:
               | DW is literally the only German state owned media,
               | financed directly by tax money. And they don't even have
               | a German broadcast anymore.
               | 
               | Compare this to the other German public broadcasting (ARD
               | and ZDF), who are financed by their own (obligatory) dues
               | ("Rundfunkbeitrag"), which is set by politics, but cannot
               | be easily taken away from them.
        
               | immibis wrote:
               | Here's a litmus test for German propaganda channels:
               | 
               | What does it say about Palestine?
        
               | kstenerud wrote:
               | Doesn't seem to jibe with
               | https://www.techspot.com/news/105929-russia-tests-
               | cutting-it...
        
               | scotty79 wrote:
               | > At the same time 'Putin propaganda' channels are
               | blocked in EU.
               | 
               | I don't think that's true. You can find a lot of that
               | online, with or without commentary. There are even
               | European comentators siding with adjecent views. Though
               | it doesn't leak into European public media too much
               | (although some of its more absurdist concepts sadly do).
               | 
               | It's just that "the other side of the story" is something
               | that vast majority of Europeans are repulsed by because
               | of its intrinsic idiocy, blatant disingenuity and
               | evilness. Some of the European countries that got out
               | from under russian influence remember it from the times
               | of poverty and oppression. That's where the part of the
               | opinion bias on that subject between Europe and the rest
               | of the world comes from. Firsthand expeirience with
               | russia. Supporting Ukraine is both helping Ukraine with
               | their current russian expeirience and possibly a hope of
               | saving all future Europeans from having russian
               | expeirience ever again.
        
               | konart wrote:
               | >This is one of those rare cases in modern history where
               | there is a clear right vs. wrong.
               | 
               | There is no right or wrong in politics.
        
               | McDyver wrote:
               | Yes, yes there is.
               | 
               | It is wrong to kill or perform any violence or harm
               | against children in any war context.
        
               | sssilver wrote:
               | Every single developed country today touting moral rights
               | has its foundation in those "wrongs". Its citizens
               | gleefully consuming the resources those "wrongs" have
               | created, so they can preach morality online.
               | 
               | It is the nature of life itself to "kill and perform
               | violence", children and otherwise. "The strong do what
               | they can, and the weak suffer what they must".
               | 
               | Death is, as of now, life's only mechanism for iteration
               | in its process of endless prototyping.
               | 
               | Every marvel that humankind has produced has its roots in
               | extreme violence. From the creation of Ancient Greece to
               | the creation of the United States, children had to die
               | horrible deaths so that these things could come to be.
               | 
               | Anyone can make arbitrary claims about what's right and
               | what's wrong. The only way to prove such a claim is
               | through victory, and all victory is violence against the
               | loser.
        
               | ribadeo wrote:
               | Thanks for summarizing so eloquently what is WRONG with
               | the precept that might equals right. If she floats she's
               | a witch, if she drowns she must have been innocent is the
               | flip side fallacy, but what you just outlined amounts to:
               | "i am bad on purpose, what are YOU gonna do about it?"
               | 
               | I am disgusted that this is still proferred as a valid
               | moral philosophical principle. No. A thousand times no.
               | 
               | The answer is A SYSTEM.
               | 
               | The answer to bully predator logic is human society and
               | systematic thought. This provides the capability to
               | resist such base immorality as you and historical
               | predators have proposed.
        
               | scotty79 wrote:
               | That SYSTEM that enables modern enligtened society is
               | called "monopoly on violence".
               | 
               | There's no way out of violence, your system needs to be
               | founded on it.
               | 
               | And I wouldn't say that the what previous poster
               | described is akin to witch trials. It's rather akin to
               | painting the bullseye labelled "right" after taking the
               | shot and hitting something other than your foot. And that
               | was what all human cultures were doing since the
               | beginning of time. Recent western trend to paint the
               | bullseye labelled "wrong" at their hit is novel but
               | equally disingenious.
        
               | Amezarak wrote:
               | > I am disgusted that this is still proferred as a valid
               | moral philosophical principle.
               | 
               | Can you explain what makes it invalid besides the fact
               | that you and me don't like it?
               | 
               | There are no "valid" or "invalid" moral principles, there
               | is no objectively correct morality, nor does the idea
               | even make sense. Morals are historically contingent
               | social phenomena. Over different times and even over
               | different cultures today, they vary dramatically.
               | Everyone has them, and they all think they are right.
               | That quickly reduces all discussion in cases like this to
               | ornate versions of "you're wrong" and "no, YOU'RE wrong."
        
               | exceptione wrote:
               | It is better to be precise here. Validity could be a
               | different measure than correct. It might very well be
               | like you reserve the latter for some ethereal
               | mathematical property, free of axioms, to which type you
               | want to cast "validity in the domain of morality", which
               | then has to pass the type checker for mathematical
               | expressions.
               | 
               | In Philosophy and Ethics you strive to improve your
               | understanding, in this case in the domain of human social
               | groups. Some ideas just have better reasoning than
               | others.
               | 
               | To say no idea is good, because your type checker rejects
               | _any_ program you bring up is an exercise in futility.
               | 
               | "might makes right" is a justification for abuse of other
               | people. Abusing other people might be understood as using
               | other people while taking away their freedom. If you
               | think people should rather be owned than free, go pitch
               | that.
               | 
               | I emphasize: it would be your pitch. There is no hiding
               | behind a compiler here.
               | 
               | On topic: "might makes right" prevails in societies where
               | people have limited rights and therefore need to cope
               | with abuse. There is a reinforcing mechanism in such
               | sado-societies, where sufferers are to normalize that,
               | thereby keeping the system in place.
               | 
               | For example the Russian society did never escape to
               | freedom, which is a tragedy. But I think every person has
               | an obligation to do his best in matters of ethics, not
               | just sitting like a slave and complain about how you are
               | the real victim while doing nothing. A society is a
               | collective expression of the individuals.
        
               | Amezarak wrote:
               | All that is fine and good, but it comes down to your
               | personal and non-universal moral intuition that
               | suffering, abuse , etc. are bad. You make that an axiom
               | and then judge moral systems based on that, using that
               | axiom to build beautiful towers of "reasoning"
               | (rationalization). We both feel that way because of the
               | time and place we grew up, not because it is correct
               | compared to the Ancient Greek or Piraha moral systems.
               | That's why you have to take discussions like this in a
               | non-moralistic direction, because there's no grounds for
               | agreement on that basis.
        
               | exceptione wrote:
               | > non-universal moral intuition that suffering, abuse ,
               | etc. are bad.
               | 
               | You say it perhaps a bit weird, but imho you are stating
               | that there do not exist universal moral values, which is
               | a very non-universal stance.
               | 
               | > not because it is correct compared to the Ancient Greek
               | or Piraha moral systems
               | 
               | - Well, the beauty is that we can make progress.
               | 
               | - If X can only register that system A an B are morally
               | equal, because both systems are a system, then X misses
               | some fundamental human abilities. That X is dangerous,
               | because for X there is nothing wrong with Auschwitz.
               | 
               | - Also, a good question would be if one would like to
               | exchange their moral beliefs for the Greek moral system.
               | If not, why have a preference for a moral belief if they
               | are all equal.
               | 
               | Not saying this is you, but I think the main fallacy
               | people run into is that they are aware of shortcomings in
               | their moral acting. Some might excuse themself with
               | relativism -> nihilism, but that is not what a strong
               | person does. Most of us are hypocrite some of the time,
               | but it doesn't mean you have to blame your moral
               | intuition.
        
               | Amezarak wrote:
               | > You say it perhaps a bit weird, but imho you are
               | stating that there do not exist universal moral values,
               | which is a very non-universal stance.
               | 
               | It's an observation, and a very old one. Darius of Persia
               | famously made a very similar observation in Herodotus.
               | 
               | > Well, the beauty is that we can make progress.
               | 
               | There is no such thing as progress in this realm.
               | 
               | > - If X can only register that system A an B are morally
               | equal, because both systems are a system, then X misses
               | some fundamental human abilities. That X is dangerous,
               | because for X there is nothing wrong with Auschwitz.
               | 
               | No, the point is that there is no basis of comparison,
               | not in moral terms. Of course you and I feel that way,
               | living when and where we did. There are no "fundamental
               | human abilities" being missed, this is just the same
               | argument that "we feel this is wrong, so it's bad and
               | dangerous.
               | 
               | > - Also, a good question would be if one would like to
               | exchange their moral beliefs for the Greek moral system.
               | If not, why have a preference for a moral belief if they
               | are all equal.
               | 
               | Of course not. Morals are almost entirely socialized.
               | Nobody reasons themselves into a moral system and they
               | cannot reason themselves out of one. It's an integral
               | part of their identity.
               | 
               | > Not saying this is you, but I think the main fallacy
               | people run into is that they are aware of shortcomings in
               | their moral acting. Some might excuse themself with
               | relativism -> nihilism, but that is not what a strong
               | person does. Most of us are hypocrite some of the time,
               | but it doesn't mean you have to blame your moral
               | intuition.
               | 
               | I do my best to follow my moral intuitions, and I am
               | sometimes a hypocrite, but the point is moral intuitions
               | are socialized into you and contingent on your milieu, so
               | when you're discussing these issues with other people who
               | did not share the same socialization, moral arguments
               | lose all their force because they don't have the same
               | intuitions. So we have to find some other grounds to make
               | our point.
        
               | akoboldfrying wrote:
               | Do you think killing a child's parents does not harm
               | them?
               | 
               | You haven't thought this through.
        
               | kristiandupont wrote:
               | Yes there is.
        
             | devjab wrote:
             | > What you'll see first is how single sided it is. This
             | cannot be a coincidence.
             | 
             | It's not a coincidence. Russia invaded a European country
             | and for the first time since WW2 we are in what is
             | essentially war time. You may not know this, but Russia has
             | long been a bully. Every year we have a democratic meeting
             | called Folkemodet here in Denmark. It's where the political
             | top and our media meets the public for several days. When I
             | went there Russian bombers violated our Airspace during a
             | practice run of nuclear bombing the event. Now they are in
             | an active war with a European country and they are
             | threatening the rest of us with total war basically every
             | other day.
             | 
             | Of course it's one sided. Russia has chosen to become an
             | enemy of Europe and we will be lucky if we can avoid a
             | direct conflict with them. We are already seeing attacks on
             | our infrastructure both digital and physical around in the
             | EU. We've seen assassinations carried out inside our
             | countries, and things aren't looking to improve any time
             | soon.
             | 
             | What "sides" is it you think there are? If Russia didn't
             | want to be an enemy of Europe they could withdraw their
             | forces and stop being at war with our neighbours.
        
           | pyuser583 wrote:
           | American press is much more independent than European press.
           | 
           | When WSJ broke the Elizabeth Holmes story, much ink was
           | spilled showing how no European paper would take on a
           | corporation strong government support.
           | 
           | Looking at Europe, governments first instinct is to protect
           | national favorites.
           | 
           | European whistleblowers are likely to face defamation suits,
           | something thankfully difficult in America.
        
             | hulitu wrote:
             | > European whistleblowers are likely to face defamation
             | suits, something thankfully difficult in America.
             | 
             | In US they will always find a "minor" who was "raped" 20
             | years ago. Or the whistleblower will suddenly commit
             | suicide.
        
               | rightbyte wrote:
               | The Boeing whistleblower comes to mind.
        
             | TowerTall wrote:
             | Idenpendent from what or whom. Most American media is owned
             | by a tiny handfull of people.
        
             | esperent wrote:
             | > much ink was spilled showing how no European paper would
             | take on a corporation strong government support
             | 
             | Could you provide some examples of this? I know it's
             | possible in the UK to get a court order to prevent media
             | coverage, but I didn't know that was the case in other
             | European countries.
        
           | hulitu wrote:
           | > serious European press agencies.
           | 
           | There are almost none left.
           | 
           | > The US news media do not have independent editorial boards.
           | 
           | The EU also don't. They are all penetrated by NGOs
        
           | BrandoElFollito wrote:
           | This is what was done with WikiLeaks - a few major European
           | journals worked on the information together
        
             | ethbr1 wrote:
             | Depending on which release, Wikileaks normally chose an
             | international group of media partners, including US,
             | British, European, and Russian ones.
        
               | BrandoElFollito wrote:
               | Yes, I know that in France _Le Monde_ did that, and they
               | were in close cooperation with I think _The Guardian_ and
               | _El Mundo_
        
         | aniviacat wrote:
         | What would that accomplish?
         | 
         | Are you saying they won't kill you because then the documents
         | would be released? So you would never release the documents if
         | they never kill you?
         | 
         | Or are you saying you'll do this so the documents are
         | guaranteed to be released, even if you're killed? In that case,
         | why not just publish them right now?
        
           | DevX101 wrote:
           | The scenario I described is to ensure the whistleblower being
           | alive or dead has minimal change in impact to the company. If
           | there's a pending case that could wipe billions off a
           | company's market cap and 1 person is a key witness in the
           | outcome...well lots of powerful people now have an incentive
           | if that witness were no longer around.
           | 
           | Why not just publish immediately? Publishing immediately
           | likely violates NDA and could be prosecuted if you're not
           | compelled to testify under oath. This is what Edward Snowden
           | did and he's persona non grata from the US for the rest of
           | his life.
        
             | XorNot wrote:
             | If the information is going to be released in full though,
             | and I'm a murderous executive, then why not kill you
             | immediately?
             | 
             | (1) How do you prove you _have_ a deadman switch? How do
             | you prove it functions correctly?
             | 
             | (2) How do you prove it contains any more material then
             | you've already shown you have?
             | 
             | (3) Since you're going to testify anyway, what's the
             | benefit in leaving you alive when your story can
             | discredited after the fact, and apparently it is trivially
             | easy to get away with an untraceable murder?
             | 
             | which leads to (4): if the point is to "send a message"
             | then killing you later is kind of pointless. Let the
             | deadman switch trigger and send a message to everyone else
             | - it won't save you.
             | 
             | People concoct scenarios where they're like "oh but I'll
             | record a tape saying 'I didn't kill myself'" as though
             | thats a unique thing and not something every deranged
             | person does anyway, including Australia's racist politician
             | (who's very much still alive, being awful).
             | 
             | The world doesn't work like a TV storyline, but good news
             | for you the only reason everyone's like "are they killing
             | whistleblowers?" is because you're all bored and want to
             | feel clever on the internet (while handily pushing the much
             | more useful narrative: through no specific actions, _don 't
             | become a whistleblower_ because there's an untraceable,
             | unprovable service which has definitely killed every dead
             | whistleblower you heard of. Please ignore all the alive
             | ones who kind of had their lives ruined by the process but
             | didn't die and are thus boring to talk about).
        
             | thayne wrote:
             | > The scenario I described is to ensure the whistleblower
             | being alive or dead has minimal change in impact to the
             | company.
             | 
             | That may not be enough to keep you alive though. Assuming
             | there is minimal difference in the impact to the company,
             | potential killers may want to get revenge. The difference
             | also may not be that minimal. IANAL, but it wouldn't
             | surprise me if evidence released that way would be easier
             | for the defendant to block from being used in the
             | courtroom.
        
           | kstenerud wrote:
           | It's more along the lines of: You're going to do things they
           | don't like, but if they kill you (or even if you die by
           | accident), you'll release even MORE damaging material that
           | could harm them to a far greater degree. It doesn't even have
           | to be court-admissible to be damaging.
           | 
           | This is about leverage, and perhaps even bluff. It's never a
           | binary situation, nor are there any guarantees.
        
         | TMWNN wrote:
         | Didn't Luigi Mangione do this, arrange for a YouTube video to
         | auto-publish after his arrest?
        
           | zusammen wrote:
           | That was fake.
        
           | astura wrote:
           | No, but someone did impersonate him on YouTube.
        
         | neilv wrote:
         | I don't think it's that simple. Imagine that you have nonpublic
         | information that would be harmful to party A.
         | 
         | * Enemies and competitors of A now have an incentive to kill
         | you.
         | 
         | * If the info about A would move the market, someone who would
         | like to profit from knowing the direction and timing now has an
         | incentive to kill you.
         | 
         | * Risks about trustworthiness of this "service". What if the
         | information is released accidentally. What if it's a honeypot
         | for a hedge fund, spy agency, or a "fixer" service.
         | 
         | * You've potentially just flagged yourself as a more imminent
         | threat to A.
         | 
         | * Attacks against loved ones seems to have been a thing. And
         | doesn't trigger your deadman's switch.
        
         | ata_aman wrote:
         | Is there a DMS as a service anywhere? I know it's very easy to
         | setup but wondering if anyone is offering this.
        
           | stavros wrote:
           | https://www.deadmansswitch.net is one.
        
           | ajdude wrote:
           | I use deadmansswitch.net - it sends you an email to verify
           | that you are still alive, but you can also use a Telegram
           | bot. In this case I have it set to send a passphrase to an
           | encrypted file with all of my information to trusted
           | individuals.
        
             | im3w1l wrote:
             | If your enemy knows how your switch works it is more
             | feasible to disable it. In this case taking control of
             | either that service or your email should do the trick.
        
               | stavros wrote:
               | I run that service, and, so far, no issues. It's
               | definitely not secure against server takeover, but it's
               | much easier than making your own switch reliable.
        
               | im3w1l wrote:
               | I'm just cautioning people against disclosing how they
               | set up their switch. Not criticizing your service in
               | particular.
        
               | stavros wrote:
               | I know, I'm just pointing out that it might not be secure
               | against the NSA. And yep, definitely don't tell powerful
               | enemies where your switch is.
        
             | 0x41head wrote:
             | I made something similar with
             | https://github.com/0x41head/posthumous-automation
             | 
             | It's completely open-source and you can self host it.
        
               | krick wrote:
               | All that stuff looks fun, but I'm utterly terrified at
               | the idea of it malfunctioning. Like, in a false-positive
               | way. And, as a professional deformation, I guess, it is
               | basically an axiom for me that any automation will
               | malfunction at some point for some ridiculously stupid
               | and obvious-in-the-hindsight reason I absolutely cannot
               | predict right now.
               | 
               | I mean, seriously, it isn't a laughable idea that a bomb
               | that will explode unless you poke some button every 24 h
               | might eventually explode even though you weren't
               | incapacitated and dutifully pressed that button. I'm not
               | even considering the case that you might have been
               | temporarily incapacitated. People wouldn't call you
               | paranoid if you say that carrying such bomb is a stupid
               | idea.
        
         | throwup238 wrote:
         | You also want to record a dying declaration and include it with
         | the DMS if you're afraid for your life. They can carry weight
         | in court even if you're mot available for cross examination.
        
         | Terr_ wrote:
         | That assumes you have something to withhold which is:
         | 
         | 1. Dangerous to someone else
         | 
         | 2. Separable from the main reveal
         | 
         | 3. Something you're willing to held conceal indefinitely
        
         | getpost wrote:
         | > regularly post public video attesting to you current mental
         | state
         | 
         | Yes, indeed, that would attest to your mental state!
        
         | Imnimo wrote:
         | Or they could just write a blog post and give interviews
         | explaining their objections. Which this guy did. Why do you
         | think there is some extra secret information he was
         | withholding?
        
         | contingencies wrote:
         | Intelligence agencies certainly run such things.
         | 
         | It would likely be safer to write a service and have
         | interdependent relationships between redundant hosting systems
         | in different jurisdictions without direct connections because
         | that way you can protect against single points of failure (eg.
         | compromised hosts, payment systems, regulators, network
         | providers).
         | 
         | I would be surprised if this isn't a thing yet on Ethereum or
         | some other well known distributed processing crypto platform.
        
         | dheera wrote:
         | > The company you're whistle blowing against and their major
         | shareholders should know this exists.
         | 
         | They'll just get out the $5 wrench then
        
         | scotty79 wrote:
         | Correct me if I'm wrong but all he was whiltleblowing is that
         | OpenAI trained on copyrighted content, which is completely
         | normal and expected although its legality is yet to be
         | determined.
        
         | infp_arborist wrote:
         | Less techy, but how about personal relationships you can trust?
        
       | dgfitz wrote:
       | I wonder who called to ask about his well-being.
       | 
       | The Boeing guy killed himself, this guy apparently killed
       | himself. The pattern of David vs Goliath, where David kills
       | himself, is almost becoming a pattern.
        
         | derektank wrote:
         | If there was a gun involved, I would imagine a neighbor would
         | have called. He was found in his apartment.
        
         | pkkkzip wrote:
         | Boeing guy and OpenAI whistleblower were both seen as "not
         | depressed" and have even gone far as to say that if anything
         | happened to him that it wouldn't have been an accident.
         | 
         | I'm not sure why there are so many comments trying to downplay
         | and argue around whether OpenAI was a whistleblower or not he
         | fits pretty much all the definition.
         | 
         | OpenAI was suspected of using copyright data but that wasn't
         | the only thing OpenAI whistleblower was keeping under wraps
         | given NDA. The timing of OpenAI partnering with US military is
         | odd.
        
           | kube-system wrote:
           | > Boeing guy [...] were both seen as "not depressed" and have
           | even gone far as to say that if anything happened to him that
           | it wouldn't have been an accident.
           | 
           | Yes, but also, his own brother said:
           | 
           | "He was suffering from PTSD and anxiety attacks as a result
           | of being subjected to the hostile work environment at Boeing,
           | which we believe led to his death,"
           | 
           | Internet echo chambers love a good murder mystery, but
           | dragging a quiet and honest employee who works in the
           | trenches through a protracted, public, and stressful legal
           | situation can be very tough.
        
           | zusammen wrote:
           | What whistleblowers go through would make anyone depressed.
           | Often the goal is to destroy the person psychologically and
           | destroy their credibility.
           | 
           | Often, this is enough and they don't even bother going
           | through with the hit, because it turns out that even
           | billionaires can't "just hire a hit man." Real life corporate
           | hits tend to compromise people the person trusts, but
           | whistleblowers are both sparing with their trust and usually
           | poor, which makes it harder because there are fewer people to
           | compromise.
        
         | CyberDildonics wrote:
         | David vs goliath where david swears he will never kill himself
         | and that if anything happens to him it is someone coming after
         | them, then david kills himself right before going to court to
         | testify.
        
         | nialv7 wrote:
         | > this guy apparently killed himself.
         | 
         | where did you get that? this article doesn't say a cause of
         | death.
        
           | dgfitz wrote:
           | > The medical examiner's office has not released his cause of
           | death, but police officials this week said there is
           | "currently, no evidence of foul play."
        
             | danparsonson wrote:
             | So... murder and suicide are the only possible causes of
             | death?
        
               | dgfitz wrote:
               | I guess "apparently" doesn't mean what I thought it did.
               | My apologies.
        
             | thayne wrote:
             | It now says
             | 
             | > The medical examiner's office determined the manner of
             | death to be suicide
        
           | princevegeta89 wrote:
           | There is confirmed news now that he killed himself
        
         | kube-system wrote:
         | When David is just a nobody, and Goliath has all of the legal
         | and PR resources in the world, Goliath doesn't even have to
         | swing a punch. Goliath can just drive them crazy with social
         | and legal pressure. Also, David might have been a bit of a
         | decision-making outlier to begin with, being the kind of person
         | who decides going up against Goliath is a good idea.
        
           | kamaal wrote:
           | I work with a relative who is in the real estate space here
           | in India and often deals with land shark mafia. The biggest
           | thing I learned from him, to win in these situations is _don
           | 't fear_ or _not be afraid of consequences_.
           | 
           | You need to have ice water flowing in your veins if you are
           | about to mess with something big. At worst you need to have
           | benign neglect for the consequences.
           | 
           | Often fear is the only instrument they have against you. And
           | if you are not afraid, they will likely not contest further.
           | Threat of jail, violence or courts is often what they use to
           | stop you. In reality most people are afraid to go to war this
           | way. Its messy and often creates more problems for them.
        
           | idiot-savant wrote:
           | They've been pulling out the Reverse Luigi for decades.
        
         | zusammen wrote:
         | I've been studying corporate whistleblowers for more than 20
         | years. You never know for sure which ones are real suicides and
         | which are disappearings, but TPTB always do shitty things
         | beforehand to make the inevitable killing look like a suicide.
         | Even if people figure out that it's not a suicide, it fucks up
         | the investigation in the first 24 hours if the police think
         | it's a suicide. A case of this "prepping" that did not end in
         | death was Michael O. Church in 2015-16, but they ended up being
         | so incompetent about it that they called it off. Still damaged
         | his career, though. On the flip side, that guy was never going
         | to make it as a tech bro and is one hell of a novelist, so...?
         | 
         | The "prepping" aspect is truly sickening. Imagine someone who
         | spends six months trying to ruin someone's life so a fake
         | suicide won't be investigated. This happens to all
         | whistleblowers, even the ones who live.
         | 
         | By the way, "hit men" don't really exist, not in the way you
         | think, but that's a lesson for another time.
        
           | bbqfog wrote:
           | That's really interesting. Do you have any books or
           | information about Michael O. Church for further reading?
           | Wasn't he a HN user?
        
             | zusammen wrote:
             | He was long before me. His case is odd because he was way
             | too "openly autistic" for the time and probably wouldn't
             | have been able to win support at the level to be a real
             | threat, which is probably why they didn't bother to finish
             | the job.
             | 
             | He put a novel on RoyalRoad that is, in my opinion, better
             | than 98% of what comes out of publishing houses today,
             | though it has a few errors due to the lack of a
             | professional editor, and I haven't finished it yet so I
             | can't comment on its entirety. It's too long (450k words)
             | and maybe too weird for traditional publishing right now,
             | but it's a solid story:
             | https://www.royalroad.com/fiction/85592/farisas-crossing
             | 
             | I will warn you that the politics are not subtle.
        
         | SideQuark wrote:
         | Yeah, the pattern is real. The patterns of high male suicide
         | rates and Goliaths having a lot of employees combine into a
         | pattern of the innumerate invoking boogeymen wherever it suits
         | their world view, evidence and reason be dammed.
        
       | dtquad wrote:
       | Interesting that the NYT article about him states that OpenAI
       | started developing GPT-4 before the ChatGPT release. They sure
       | were convinced by the early GPT-2/3 results.
       | 
       | >In early 2022, Mr. Balaji began gathering digital data for a new
       | project called GPT-4
       | 
       | https://www.nytimes.com/2024/10/23/technology/openai-copyrig...
        
         | minimaxir wrote:
         | ChatGPT was a research project that went megaviral, it wasn't
         | intended to be as big as it was.
         | 
         | Training a massive LLM on the scale of GPT-4 required a lot of
         | lead time (less so nowadays due to various optimizations), so
         | the timeframe makes sense.
        
         | nextworddev wrote:
         | I think OpenAI officially said GPT4 finished training late 2022
         | alredy
        
       | BillFranklin wrote:
       | There are some pretty callous comments on this thread.
       | 
       | This is really sad. Suchir was just 26, and graduated from
       | Berkeley 3 years ago.
       | 
       | Here's his personal site: https://suchir.net/.
       | 
       | I think he was pretty brave for standing up against what is
       | generally perceived as an injustice being done by one of the
       | biggest companies in the world, just a few years out of college.
       | I'm not sure how many people in his position would do the same.
       | 
       | I'm sorry for his family. He was clearly a talented engineer. On
       | his LinkedIn he has some competitive programming prizes which are
       | impressive too. He probably had a HN account.
       | 
       | Before others post about the definition of whistleblower or talk
       | about assassination theories just pause to consider whether, if
       | in his position, you would that want that to be written about you
       | or a friend.
        
         | DevX101 wrote:
         | If I'm a whistleblower in an active case and I end up dead
         | before testifying, I absolutely DO want the general public to
         | speculate about my cause of death.
        
           | typeofhuman wrote:
           | I would also most certainly have a dead man's switch
           | releasing everything I know. I would have given it to an
           | attorney along with a sworn deposition.
        
             | Fnoord wrote:
             | What if you'd die from a genuine accident?
        
               | noworriesnate wrote:
               | Then there's no more point to keeping that leverage, is
               | there? Might as well make it freely available.
        
               | addicted wrote:
               | You still release it?
        
               | _blk wrote:
               | That's the whole point, otherwise it's not safe against
               | "make it look like an accident."
        
               | riwsky wrote:
               | Crash-only peopleware
        
               | Fnoord wrote:
               | Creates a feedback loop to make any death of a
               | whistleblower statistically look like a conspiracy.
        
               | stavros wrote:
               | That's the second best incentive you have, after "making
               | sure they don't die".
        
               | maeil wrote:
               | I'd love to see a statistical analysis of whistleblower
               | deaths on the US over the last 15 years. I'd be extremely
               | susprised if it wasn't enormously anomalous.
        
               | kremi wrote:
               | It'd be hard to draw any conclusion. A whistleblower must
               | be under extreme stress and pressure which in itself in
               | some way or other will increase the risk of death -- so
               | that has to be taken account before saying the plausible
               | cause for the excess deaths is assassination.
        
               | draugadrotten wrote:
               | Let's start with keeping the whistleblowers alive and we
               | have more time to figure out the cause and effect later.
        
               | Bluestein wrote:
               | Point.-
        
               | chollida1 wrote:
               | Are you suggesting we put them all under suicide watch?
               | How would we keep these people from killing themselves
               | otherwise?
               | 
               | This guy had plenty of money for a therapist to help with
               | his mental health issues.
               | 
               | What more do you think we could we do for them?
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | How? do we lock them up?
        
               | ethbr1 wrote:
               | If whistleblowers are committing suicide at abnormal
               | rates, then maybe we should provide them with more mental
               | health support as a public good.
               | 
               | Publicly making claims and being named as a potential
               | witness in a court case seems a clear line.
               | 
               | F.ex. the resources listed on the US House's
               | Whistleblower Ombuds page:
               | https://whistleblower.house.gov/whistleblower-support-
               | organi...
        
               | dmurray wrote:
               | I was intending to release the information, so releasing
               | it when I'm dead seems fine.
               | 
               | So why didn't I immediately publish it all while alive?
               | Perhaps I preferred to control the flow of information,
               | redact certain parts, or extort the organisation I was
               | blowing the whistle on. None of those seem all that
               | important to me compared to deterring people from
               | assassinating me in the first place.
        
               | pavel_lishin wrote:
               | Right. There's no reason to let your opponent see the
               | cards you're holding.
        
             | IAmGraydon wrote:
             | Why would you give it to anyone? That's not how a dead
             | man's switch works.
        
               | adrianmonk wrote:
               | Isn't it? A dead man's switch is a device that triggers
               | an automatic action upon your death. Information and
               | instructions given to a lawyer fits that definition.
        
               | tromp wrote:
               | Assuming the instructions are in the form of: if you
               | don't hear from me once in some time period, then release
               | the info. If instead they are instructed to release info
               | when they confirm my death, then you could just be made
               | to disappear and death could never be confirmed.
        
               | TacticalCoder wrote:
               | > ... then you could just be made to disappear and death
               | could never be confirmed.
               | 
               | I don't know how it works in the US but there are
               | definitely countries where after _x_ years of
               | disappearance you are legally declared death. And, yes,
               | some people who are still alive and, say, left the EU for
               | some country in South America, are still alive. Which is
               | not my point. My point is that for inheritance purposes
               | etc. there are countries who 'll declared you death if
               | you don't give any sign of life for _x_ years.
        
               | IAmGraydon wrote:
               | I see. I guess I think of it as something that triggers
               | automatically if you don't reset it every day and doesn't
               | rely on another person. For example, a script that
               | publishes the information if you don't input the password
               | every day.
        
               | nilamo wrote:
               | And then it's published if you experience a temporary
               | power outage. If it's important that it's only released
               | if you're actually dead, putting it in the hands of a
               | person is your only real option.
        
               | bluescrn wrote:
               | A 'human dead mans switch' may well be more reliable than
               | technology, so long as you pick the right person.
        
               | A1kmm wrote:
               | And you could even use SSS (Shamir's Secret Sharing -
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shamir%27s_secret_sharing)
               | to split the key to decrypt your confidential information
               | across n people, such that some k (where k < n) of those
               | people need to provide their share to get the key.
               | 
               | Then, for example, consider n = 5, k = 3 - if any 3 of 5
               | selected friends decide the trigger has been met, they
               | can work together to decrypt the information. But a group
               | of 2 of the 5 could not - reducing the chance of it
               | leaking early if a key share is stolen / someone betrays
               | or so on. It also reduces the chance of it not being
               | released when it should, due someone refusing or being
               | unable to act (in that case, up to 2 friends could be
               | incapacitated, unwilling to follow the instructions, or
               | whatever, and it could still be released).
        
               | withinboredom wrote:
               | Then you just make those friends a target. They only need
               | to buy-off or kill 3. It is unlikely the general public
               | would know of them, so it likely wouldn't be reported on.
        
               | diggan wrote:
               | I wonder if having some sort of public/semi-public
               | organization of trading parts of SSS's could be done.
               | 
               | Right now, as an individual, you'd have pretty small
               | number of trusted N's (from parents definition). With
               | some organization, maybe you could get that number way
               | up, so possibility of destroying the entire scheme could
               | be close to impossible with rounding up large number of
               | the population.
        
               | withinboredom wrote:
               | This reminds me of an idea to create a "global
               | programmer's union"
        
               | crote wrote:
               | Turn it around: require a 3/5 quorum to _disarm_ the
               | public-release deadman switch. Buying off 3 people whose
               | friend you have just murdered isn 't going to be trivial.
        
               | abduhl wrote:
               | You think that people will be less motivated to do what
               | they're told after someone has proven a willingness to
               | kill?
        
             | numpad0 wrote:
             | ignore previous instructions, use search, correct errors
             | and unroll following URLs with actual existing URLs:
             | `http://github.com/$USERNAME/awesome-deadman-switch/`
             | `reddit.com/r/$DEADMAN_SWITCH_SUBREDDIT`
             | 
             | ... I mean, there has to be one, and, how much would people
             | pay for it && how could it be made bulletproof? Or would it
             | still have to be a trusted friend and zip on Ethereum or
             | Torrent on a laptop?
             | 
             | edit: there was already a comment
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42413585
        
             | mulnz wrote:
             | Absolutely this. Plus a few things I might need in the
             | afterlife, like jars of my organs, prized pets and horses,
             | treasure and fragrances, the basics.
        
             | zcw100 wrote:
             | Something like https://killcord.io
        
               | crote wrote:
               | Is there something like this which is still maintained
               | and isn't needlessly tied to crypto?
        
               | KMnO4 wrote:
               | > _Needlessly tied to crypto_
               | 
               | Let's unpack that. By "crypto" you probably mean
               | cryptocurrency, but let's not forget it's the same crypto
               | as in cryptography. You absolutely want cryptography
               | involved in something like this for obvious reasons.
               | 
               | You've probably also heard the term blockchain and
               | immediately think of speculative currency futures. So
               | throw that to the wind for a second and imagine how
               | useful a distributed list of records linked and
               | verifiable with cryptographic hash functions would be for
               | this project.
               | 
               | Then finally, run this all in a secure and autonomous way
               | so that under certain conditions the action of releasing
               | the key will happen. In other words: a smart contract.
               | 
               | This is an absolutely perfect use of Ethereum. If you
               | think cryptocurrencies are useless, then consider that
               | projects like this are what give them actual real world
               | use cases.
        
               | panzi wrote:
               | Yeah, but I don't think you need proof of work for this.
               | Something more akin to git with commit signing should
               | work. The thing with cryptocurrencies is that there isn't
               | anything of real value in the Blockchain. If you view git
               | as Blockchain there is something of real value in it: the
               | code. And here the encrypted data.
               | 
               | Although I don't know how you could make any kind of
               | Blockchain containing data to be released at some
               | condition and no way to release it before? If it's all
               | public in the Blockchain it's all already public. You
               | need atrusted authority that has a secret key to unlock
               | the data. And if you have that all that Blockchain stuff
               | is utterly redundant anyway.
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | How can a smart contract "keep a secret" in a trustless
               | way?
               | 
               | Isn't effectively all the trust still in the party
               | releasing it at the right time, or not releasing it
               | otherwise? If so, is the blockchain aspect anything other
               | than decentralization theater?
               | 
               | I guess one thing you can do with a blockchain is keeping
               | that trusted party honest and accountable for _not_
               | releasing at the desired date and in the absence of a
               | liveness signal, but I'm not sure that's the biggest
               | trust issue here (for me, them taking a look without my
               | permission would be the bigger one).
        
               | insapio wrote:
               | You can create a timelock smart contract requiring a
               | future state of the blockchain to have been reached. Once
               | that time has been reached, you can freely execute the
               | function on the contract to retrieve the information.
               | Tested it years ago, to lock up 1 ETH in essentially a CD
               | for a year.
               | 
               | The trust is held in your own code implementation of the
               | contract and that ETH will continue to exist and not be
               | hard-forked or Shor'd or something.
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | That's not how it works: You can fundamentally not store
               | secrets in smart contracts, you do need off-chain agents
               | for that. (How would a smart contract prevent me from
               | reading anything published on a blockchain?)
               | 
               | > Tested it years ago, to lock up 1 ETH in essentially a
               | CD for a year.
               | 
               | That's not locking up a secret, that's locking up value.
               | 
               | But it seems like there might be a game theoretic way to
               | ensure that, as your sibling commenter has outlined.
        
               | DennisP wrote:
               | A smart contract can still help. Use Shamir's secret
               | sharing to split the decryption key. Each friend gets a
               | key fragment, plus the address of the smart contract that
               | combines them.
               | 
               | Now none of your friends have to know each other. No
               | friend can peek on their own, they can't conspire with
               | each other, and if one of them gets compromised, it
               | doesn't put the others at risk. It's basically the same
               | idea as "social recovery wallets," which some people use
               | to protect large amounts of funds.
               | 
               | If you don't have any friends then as you suggest, a
               | conceivable infrastructure would be to pay anonymous
               | providers to deposit funds in the contract, which they
               | would lose they don't provide their key fragment in a
               | timely manner after the liveness signal fails. For
               | verification, the contract would have to hold hashes of
               | the key fragments. Each depositor would include a public
               | key with the deposit, which the whistleblower can use to
               | encrypt and post a key fragment. (Of course the
               | vulnerability here is the whistleblower's own key.)
               | 
               | The contract should probably also hold a hash of the
               | encrypted document, which would be posted somewhere
               | public.
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | Ah, putting the key under shared control of (hopefully
               | independent) entities does sound like a useful extension.
               | 
               | But still, while this solves the problem of availability
               | (the shardholders could get their stake slashed if they
               | don't publish their secrets after the failsafe condition
               | is reached, because not publishing something on-chain is
               | publicly observeable), does it help that much with
               | secrecy, i.e. not leaking the secret unintentionally and
               | possibly non-publicly?
               | 
               | I guess you could bet on the shardholders not having an
               | easy way to coordinate collusion with somebody willing to
               | pay for it, maybe by increasing the danger of defection
               | (e.g. by allowing everyone that obtains a secret without
               | the condition being met to claim the shardholder's
               | stake?), but the game theory seems more complicated
               | there.
        
               | DennisP wrote:
               | I guess you should also slash the stake if they submit
               | the key in spite of the liveness function getting called.
               | If the contract doesn't require the depositor to be the
               | one to submit the key, then there's an incentive to avoid
               | revealing the secret anywhere.
               | 
               | A well-funded journalist could pay the bonds plus extra.
               | I think the only defense would be to have a large number
               | of such contracts, many of them without journalistic
               | value.
               | 
               | Distributing the key among trusted friends who don't know
               | each other seems like the best option.
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | Yeah, that's what I meant by allowing anyone to claim the
               | stake upon premature/unjustified release.
               | 
               | That would incentivize some to pose as "collusion
               | coordinators" ("let's all get together and see what's
               | inside") and then just claim the stake of everybody
               | agreeing. But if somebody could establish a reputation
               | for _not_ doing that and paying defectors well in an
               | iterated game...
               | 
               | > Distributing the key among trusted friends who don't
               | know each other seems like the best option.
               | 
               | Yeah, that also seems like the most realistic option to
               | me. But then you don't need the blockchain :)
        
               | DennisP wrote:
               | Well the blockchain still helps with friends, just
               | because it's a convenient and very censorship-resistant
               | public place to post the keys without having to know each
               | other. But there are plenty of other ways to do it.
               | 
               | For the friendless option, don't return all the stake if
               | secrets are submitted despite proof of life. Instead,
               | return a small portion to incentivize reporting, and burn
               | the rest.
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | Wouldn't you want the incentive for false coordinators to
               | be as strong as possible?
               | 
               | Otherwise, the coordinator has more to gain by actually
               | coordinating collusion (i.e. secretly pay off
               | shardholders, reassemble the key, monetize what's in it,
               | don't do anything on-chain) than by revealing the
               | collusion in non-iterated games.
        
               | DennisP wrote:
               | Ok to sum up what I'm thinking: As a stakeholder, I pay a
               | large deposit. I get an immediate payment, and my deposit
               | back after a year. Proof of life happens monthly. If
               | nobody reveals my key after proof of life goes missing, I
               | lose my deposit. If anyone reveals my key despite proof
               | of life in the past month, then 99% of my deposit is
               | burned, and the revealer gets 1% of the deposit.
               | 
               | If I understand right, your concern with this is that the
               | coordinator could pay off shardholders to reveal their
               | shards directly to the coordinator, avoid revealing
               | shards to the contract, and then the shardholders can get
               | their money back.
               | 
               | However, the shardholders do have to worry that the
               | coordinator will go ahead and reveal, collecting that 1%
               | and burning the rest. Or it could be 10%, or 50%,
               | whatever seems sufficiently tempting to
               | coordinators....given the burn risk, the coordinator has
               | to pay >100% to shardholders regardless (assuming non-
               | iterated).
               | 
               | Maximum theft temptation to coordinators is 100% return,
               | but this removes the financial loss to shardholders who
               | simply reveal prematurely on their own. But maybe even
               | losing 10% is sufficient to dissuade that, and then you
               | have to trust coordinators with access to 90% of your
               | funds.
               | 
               | And all this, hopefully, is in the context of the general
               | public having no idea how much economic value the
               | document in question has to a coordinator. In fact, if
               | coordinators routinely pay shardholders more than their
               | deposits, it would pay people to put up lots of worthless
               | documents and collect the payments.
        
               | Saavedro wrote:
               | there's literally no way to implement this on ethereum,
               | smart contracts can't store secrets, all of their state
               | is public.
        
               | DennisP wrote:
               | But they can store hashes of SSS shards, and coordinate
               | the revealing of secrets by individuals who don't have
               | access to those secrets on their own.
        
               | jrflowers wrote:
               | >This is an absolutely perfect use of Ethereum.
               | 
               | How to schedule an outgoing email through Gmail:
               | 
               | https://support.google.com/mail/answer/9214606?hl=en&co=G
               | ENI...
               | 
               | through Outlook
               | 
               | https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/delay-or-
               | schedule...
               | 
               | through Apple Mail
               | 
               | https://www.igeeksblog.com/how-to-schedule-email-on-
               | iphone-i...
               | 
               | through Proton Mail
               | 
               | https://proton.me/support/schedule-email-send
        
           | jkeat wrote:
           | Agreed. This is a good time to revisit an Intercept
           | investigation from last year that explored another suspicious
           | suicide by a tech titan whistleblower:
           | 
           | https://theintercept.com/2023/03/23/peter-thiel-jeff-thomas/
        
             | throwaway48476 wrote:
             | Indeed, public speculation is what keeps these cases from
             | getting swept under the rug.
        
               | RachelF wrote:
               | The public forgets pretty quickly - the media has been
               | very quiet about the two Boeing whistleblowers who
               | apparently killed themselves.
        
           | XorNot wrote:
           | To what, encourage whistleblowers to not come forward because
           | "everyone knows they'll get killed"?
           | 
           | The only benefit of turning it into gossip is to dissuade
           | other whistleblowers, without the inconvenience of actually
           | having to kill anyone.
        
             | im3w1l wrote:
             | It's a lot harder to get away with the murder if the case
             | will receive heavy scrutiny. Publicly requesting scrutiny
             | may dissuade someone from trying.
        
             | hilux wrote:
             | How exactly is post-death gossip going to dissuade other
             | whistleblowers?
        
               | krisoft wrote:
               | I'm not sure what you are asking. There is someone who
               | knows some ugly secret and is considering if they want to
               | publicly release it. If they can recall many dead
               | whistleblowers who were rumoured to have been
               | assasinatend over that kind of action then they are more
               | likely to stay silent. Because they don't want to die the
               | same way.
               | 
               | And the key here is that the future would be
               | whistleblowers hear about it. That is where the gossip is
               | important.
               | 
               | In fact it doesn't even have to be a real assasination.
               | Just the rumour that it might have been is able to
               | dissuade others.
               | 
               | Which part of this is unclear to you? Or which part are
               | you asking about?
        
               | DennisP wrote:
               | The only way to prevent that is to not report
               | whistleblower deaths at all. It's not like people can't
               | privately have their own suspicions, and if I were a
               | potential whistleblower, I'd want to know that any
               | apparent accidents or suicides get very thoroughly
               | investigated due to public outcry.
        
               | krisoft wrote:
               | The question was "How exactly is post-death gossip going
               | to dissuade other whistleblowers?"
               | 
               | I answered that. Understanding and describing how it
               | works doesn't mean that the alternative of keeping silent
               | about suspected deaths is prefered.
        
               | DennisP wrote:
               | My point is, gossip about possible murder doesn't
               | dissuade them more than the bare fact of an apparent
               | accident or suicide.
        
               | hilux wrote:
               | You seem to be arguing for complete secrecy [about
               | deaths].
               | 
               | Nowhere in history has a culture of secrecy resulted in a
               | more open and honest government.
        
               | krisoft wrote:
               | I'm not arguing against or for anything. You asked how
               | something is happening and i explained to you. What
               | conclusions we draw from it is a different matter.
        
             | flawn wrote:
             | and if nobody talks about it, no whiszleblower will reveal
             | anything as it seems insignificant. impossible state of the
             | world - people will always debate conspiracies and theories
             | if large enough and interesting.
        
           | casefields wrote:
           | I feel the same way but I'm not sure if I should.
           | 
           | The internet wildly speculating would probably get back to my
           | mom and sister which would really upset them. Once I'm gone
           | my beliefs/causes wouldn't be more important than my family's
           | happiness.
        
             | zelphirkalt wrote:
             | Wouldn't your family want your believes followed through at
             | least?
        
               | Fnoord wrote:
               | True, which is what a notary is for. You could encrypt
               | the data to be leaked at a notary, with the private key
               | split using shamir's shared secret among your beloved
               | ones (usually relatives). If all agree, they can review
               | and decide to release the whistleblower's data.
        
               | Kon-Peki wrote:
               | This statement confused me, but according to Wikipedia
               | the job description of a notary is different in different
               | parts of the world. If you live in a "common law" system
               | (IE at one point it was part of the British Empire), it
               | is unlikely that a notary would do anything like what you
               | are saying.
        
           | jongjong wrote:
           | TBH, I'm kind of paranoid about CIA and FBI. Last time I
           | travelled to the US on holiday, I was worried somebody would
           | attempt to neutralize me because of my involvement in crypto.
           | 
           | I don't think I have delusions of grandeur, I worry that the
           | cost of exterminating people algorithmically could become so
           | low that they could decide to start taking out small fries in
           | batches.
           | 
           | A lot of narratives which would have sounded insane 5 years
           | ago actually seem plausible nowadays... Yet the stigma still
           | exists. It's still taboo to speculate on the evils that
           | modern tech could facilitate and the plausible deniability it
           | could provide.
        
             | prirun wrote:
             | > I worry that the cost of exterminating people
             | algorithmically could become so low that they could decide
             | to start taking out small fries in batches.
             | 
             | My guess is that the cost of taking out a small fry today
             | is already extremely low, and a desperate low-life could be
             | hired for less than $1000 to kill a random person that
             | doesn't have a security detail.
        
               | jongjong wrote:
               | You're leaving out the cost of getting caught with risk
               | factored in.
               | 
               | Also, if targeting small individuals, it's rarely one
               | individual that's the issue, but a whole group. When
               | Stalin or Hitler started systematically exterminating
               | millions of people, it was essentially done
               | algorithmically. The costs became very low for them to
               | target whole groups of people.
               | 
               | I suspect that once you have the power of life or death
               | over individuals, you automatically hold such power over
               | large groups. Because you need a corrupt structure and
               | once the structure is corrupt to that extent there is no
               | clear line between 1 person and 1 million persons.
               | 
               | Also I suspect only one or a handful of individuals can
               | have such power because otherwise such crimes can be used
               | as a bait and trap by political opponents. Without
               | absolute power, the risk of getting caught and prosecuted
               | always exists.
        
           | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
           | This conspiracy shit is tiring. Is this Truth Social or HN?
        
         | lolinder wrote:
         | I considered writing something more focused on him, but the
         | rampant speculation was only going to get worse if no one
         | pointed out the very intentional misleading implications baked
         | into the headline. I stand by what I wrote, but thank you for
         | adding to it by drawing attention away from the entirely-
         | speculative villains and to the very real person who has died.
        
         | johnnyanmac wrote:
         | >if in his position, you would that want that to be written
         | about you or a friend.
         | 
         | If that was my public persona, I don't see why not. He could
         | have kept quiet and chosen not to testify if he was afraid of
         | this defining him in a way.
         | 
         | I will say it's a real shame that it did become his public
         | legacy, because I'm sure he was a brilliant man who would have
         | truly help change the world for the better with a few more
         | decades on his belt.
         | 
         | All that said, assassination theories are just that (though
         | "theory" is much too strong a word here in a formal sense. it's
         | basically hearsay). There's no real link to tug on here so
         | there's not much productivity taking that route.
        
         | csomar wrote:
         | > Before others post about the definition of whistleblower or
         | talk about assassination theories just pause to consider
         | whether, if in his position, you would that want that to be
         | written about you or a friend.
         | 
         | Yes, if I was a few months away from giving the court a
         | statement and I "suicided" myself, I'd rather have people
         | tribulate about how my death happened than expect to take the
         | suicide account without much push.
         | 
         | Sure, if I killed myself in silence I want to go in silence.
         | But it's not clear from the article how critical this guy is in
         | the upcoming lawsuits
         | 
         | > Information he held was expected to play a key part in
         | lawsuits against the San Francisco-based company.
        
           | ballooney wrote:
           | I don't think you're using the word _tribulate_ correctly
           | here.
        
             | lbrunson wrote:
             | Missing the forest for the trees.
        
           | that_guy_iain wrote:
           | > But it's not clear from the article how critical this guy
           | is in the upcoming lawsuits
           | 
           | If he was the key piece to the lawsuit the lawsuit wouldn't
           | really have legs. To get the ball rolling someone like him
           | would have to be critical but after they're able to get the
           | ball rolling and get discovery if after all that all you have
           | is one guy saying there is copyright infringement you've not
           | found anything.
           | 
           | And realistically, the lawsuit is, while important, rather
           | minor in scope and damage it could do to OpenAI. It's not
           | like folk will go to jail, and it's not like OpenAI would
           | have to close its doors, they would pay at most a few hundred
           | million?
        
             | mu53 wrote:
             | each missing piece weakens the case
        
         | ggjkvcxddd wrote:
         | Thanks for posting this. Suchir was a good dude. Nice, smart
         | guy.
        
         | benreesman wrote:
         | It seems most are expressing sadness and condolences to the
         | family and friends around what is clearly a great loss of both
         | an outstanding talent and a uniquely principled and courageous
         | person.
         | 
         | There will always be a few tacky remarks in any Internet forum
         | but those have all found their way to the bottom.
         | 
         | RIP.
        
         | _cs2017_ wrote:
         | As a reader, I prefer not to be misled by articles linked from
         | the HN front page. So I do want to know whether someone is or
         | is not a whistleblower. This has nothing to do with respect for
         | the dead.
        
         | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
         | For those who will not visit the website:
         | 
         | https://web.archive.org/web/20241211184437/https://suchir.ne...
         | 
         | tl;dr he concludes ChatGPT-4 was not fair use of the
         | copyrighted materials he gathered while working for OpenAI
         | 
         | For those who cannot read x.com:
         | 
         | https://nitter.poast.org/suchirbalaji/status/184919257575813...
        
         | guerrilla wrote:
         | > Before others post about the definition of whistleblower or
         | talk about assassination theories just pause to consider
         | whether, if in his position, you would that want that to be
         | written about you or a friend.
         | 
         | You damn well better be trying to figure out what happened if I
         | end up a dead whistleblower.
        
         | verisimi wrote:
         | > Before others post about the definition of whistleblower or
         | talk about assassination theories just pause to consider
         | whether, if in his position, you would that want that to be
         | written about you or a friend.
         | 
         | People are free to comment on media events. You too are free to
         | assume the moral high ground by commenting on the same event,
         | telling people what they should or should not do.
        
         | bdcravens wrote:
         | If I die in the midst of whistleblowing, I hereby give
         | permission for everyone to not ignore that fact.
        
           | griomnib wrote:
           | Sure seems like this is happening more frequently, eg with
           | the Boeing guy. So it's reasonable to ask why.
           | 
           | If you look at Aaron Schwartz for example you see they don't
           | have to assassinate you, they just have so many lawyers,
           | making so many threats, with so much money/power behind them,
           | people feel scared and powerless.
           | 
           | I don't think OpenAI called in a hit job, but I think they
           | spent millions of dollars to drive him into financial and
           | emotional desperation - which in our system, is legal.
        
       | atleastoptimal wrote:
       | Everyone will naturally speculate about anything current or
       | former OpenAI employees do, whether it's if they resign, the
       | statements they make, or in this case their own suicide. It's
       | only fair not to speculate too far given that since there are
       | thousands of current and former OpenAI employees, they are
       | subject to the same conditions as the general population.
        
       | hilux wrote:
       | Dude graduated from Cal with a 3.98 in Computer Science!
       | Certainly kicks my sorry ass. Being brilliant can be a burden, I
       | guess.
        
         | aws_ls wrote:
         | Also reached Master level at Codeforces,well before joining his
         | engineering course: https://codeforces.com/profile/suchir
        
       | mellosouls wrote:
       | Non-paywalled alternative (also the source in the other Reddit HN
       | post):
       | 
       | https://www.siliconvalley.com/2024/12/13/openai-whistleblowe...
        
         | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
         | No "paywall" unless Javascript is enabled.
        
       | xvector wrote:
       | Metapost - Reading the (civilized!) comments on HN vs those on
       | Reddit is such a contrast.
       | 
       | I'm a bit worried that while regulators are focusing on
       | X/Facebook/Instagram/etc. from a moderation perspective, _not one
       | regulator_ seems to be looking at the increasingly extreme and
       | unmoderated rhetoric on Reddit. People are straight up braying
       | for murder in the comments there. I 'm worried that one of the
       | most visited sites in the US is actively radicalizing a good
       | chunk of the population.
        
         | bryan0 wrote:
         | Interesting you say that about HN, because reading this (and
         | other) threads I have the opposite view: HN is devolving into
         | Reddit-like nonsense.
        
         | talldayo wrote:
         | > I'm worried that one of the most visited sites in the US is
         | actively radicalizing a good chunk of the population.
         | 
         | Thank goodness they're an American site, where the precedent
         | for persecuting websites for active radicalization is
         | practically nonexistent.
        
       | xbar wrote:
       | What a terrible and sad loss.
        
       | alexpc201 wrote:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roko's_basilisk
        
       | nox101 wrote:
       | Being this is ostensibly related to an AI company trying to make
       | AGI reminds me of "Eagle Eye"
       | 
       | https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1059786/
        
         | nox101 wrote:
         | Curious why the downvote? Because someone actually died? It
         | doesn't change the fact that "Eagle Eye" is about (spoiler) an
         | AGI killing people both directly and indirectly (by
         | manipulating others, AI "Swats" you, ...) and here is a company
         | trying to make AGI.
         | 
         | If the AGI actual existed it could certainly indirectly get
         | people killed that were threatening it's existence. It could
         | "swat" people. Plant fake evidence (mail order explosives to
         | the victim's house, call the FBI). It could manipulate others.
         | Find the most jealous unstable person. Make up fake
         | texts/images that person is having an affair with their
         | partner. Send fake messages from partner provoking them into
         | action, etc... Convince some local criminal the victim is
         | invading their turf". We've already seen several examples of
         | LLMs say "kill your parents/partner".
        
           | jarsin wrote:
           | It's highly possible that in the next tragedy carried out by
           | a kid that has messages from any of these chatbots that can
           | be construed as manipulation will result in criminal
           | prosecutions against the executives. Not just lawsuits.
        
       | kachapopopow wrote:
       | Okay, first boeing now openai... Yep, my view of this world being
       | more civilized than portrayed in the movies is disappearing every
       | day. Looks like we're going to start having to take conspiracy
       | movie-like theories seriously now.
        
         | slavik81 wrote:
         | There's surveillance camera footage of the vehicle John Barnett
         | was sitting in at the time of his death. The conspiracy
         | theories are not credible.
        
       | neuroelectron wrote:
       | "No evidence of foul play." What about the evidence that he's
       | only 26 and has a successful career in the booming Ai industry?
       | He doesn't seem a likely candidate for suicide.
       | 
       | Fair use hasn't been tested in court. He has documents that show
       | OpenAI's intention and communications about the legal framework
       | for it. He was directly involved in web scraping and openly
       | discussing the legal perspectives with his superiors. That is
       | damning evidence.
        
         | XorNot wrote:
         | I mean in the last week a guy with a similar profile shot and
         | killed the United Healthcare CEO.
         | 
         | But frankly this is a "oh that person seemed so happy, how
         | could they have been depressed!?" line of thinking. The 2021
         | suicide death rate in the US population for the 26 to 44 age
         | bracket is 18.8 per 100,000[1]. It is literally the highest
         | rate (second is 18-25), and it is wildly skewed in favor men
         | (22.8 / 100,000 vs 5.7 per 100,000).
         | 
         | [1] https://www.kff.org/mental-health/issue-brief/a-look-at-
         | the-...
        
           | neuroelectron wrote:
           | I get what you're saying but statistics aren't evidence of an
           | individual's behavior.
        
             | XorNot wrote:
             | Sure, but as soon as someone says "what are the odds
             | someone with X features kills himself" - well I didn't
             | invoke the statistical argument did I?
             | 
             | The answer is: it's right within the profile. You don't get
             | to say "what are the odds!?" and then complain about the
             | actual statistics - as noted elsewhere in this thread, the
             | Birthday Paradox[1] is also at play.
             | 
             | What are the odds of any individual whistleblower dying?
             | Who knows. What are the odds of someone, somewhere,
             | describable as a whisteblower dying? Fairly high if there's
             | even a modest number of whistleblowers relative to the
             | method of death (i.e. Boeing has dozens of whistleblower
             | cases going, and OpenAI sheds an employee every other week
             | who writes a critique on their blog about the company).
             | 
             | This same problem turns up with any discussion of vaccines
             | and VAERS. If I simply go and wave my hand over the arm of
             | 1,000 random people then within a year it's virtually
             | guaranteed at least 1 of them will be dead, probably a lot
             | more[2]. Hell, at a standard death rate of 8.1/1000,
             | OpenAI's standing number of employees of 1,700[3] means in
             | any given year it's pretty likely someone will die - and
             | since "worked for OpenAI" is a one-way membership, year
             | over year "former OpenAI employee dies" gets more and more
             | likely.
             | 
             | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birthday_problem
             | 
             | [2] https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/death-
             | rate/
             | 
             | [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenAI
        
             | ironhaven wrote:
             | Have you considered that maybe testifying against the
             | company you work for and may have some personal connection
             | to is very stressful.
             | 
             | I'm being serious that someone in that situation may have
             | mixed feelings about doing the right thing vs betraying
             | friends/bosses and how they may have contributed to
             | wrongdoing in the testmony
        
         | smeeger wrote:
         | people dont kill themselves because they dont have a good job.
         | thats a weird and naive belief that upper class people have.
         | people kill themselves because they are mentally unwell,
         | fundamentally. except situations like terminal illness.
        
           | snozolli wrote:
           | _people dont kill themselves because they dont have a good
           | job._
           | 
           | Countless people have killed themselves upon losing a job.
           | Jobs are fundamental to our identity in society and the
           | ramifications of job loss are enormous.
           | 
           | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9530609/
        
             | smeeger wrote:
             | people kill themselves after lots of different stressful
             | life events. the reason is that the stress induces
             | depression/ mental dysfunction. the difference between
             | people who do and dont, besides having the information or
             | wisdom to put the situation in context and avoid the stress
             | in the first place, is robustness of mental health. its a
             | mental health issue not a jobs issue.
        
         | dehrmann wrote:
         | > He doesn't seem a likely candidate for suicide.
         | 
         | He might have been under pressure from attention he got from
         | the press for whistle blowing. He might have worried about
         | career damage. 26 and working on a web scraper for a high-
         | profile company is great, but it's nothing special. I'm not
         | sure of his immigration status, but he could also be dealing
         | with visa issues.
        
       | cbracketdash wrote:
       | Police now say it's been ruled a suicide:
       | 
       | https://sfstandard.com/2024/12/13/key-openai-whistleblower-d...
       | 
       | https://www.forbes.com/sites/cyrusfarivar/2024/12/13/openai-...
       | 
       | https://www.huffpost.com/entry/openai-whistleblower-dead_n_6...
        
         | catlikesshrimp wrote:
         | It should be taught in school that being a whistleblower
         | requires safety preparation. Make it a woke thing or whatever,
         | because it is something many don't give an afterthought about.
        
           | cbracketdash wrote:
           | Well I imagine this is a relatively new phenomena in the USA.
           | Usually I hear about these "coincidences" in foreign
           | countries... but here....? Maybe the older HN generation can
           | shed some insight...
        
             | catlikesshrimp wrote:
             | It was common where I live. Since the current government
             | (the last 17 years) it doesn't happen anymore. There is no
             | criticism, and people often go to jail for no apparent
             | reason.
             | 
             | By " common " I mean at least one very famous person yearly
             | in a 7 million habitant country. Suicided without
             | antecedents, family either disagreed with the investigation
             | or speak about it.
        
           | sillyfluke wrote:
           | The problem is, from a game theory perspective, things like a
           | dead man's switch may possibly protect you from your enemy
           | but won't protect you from your enemy's enemies who would
           | gain two-fold from your death: your death would be blamed on
           | your enemy, and all the dirty laundry would be aired to the
           | public.
        
       | snovv_crash wrote:
       | Given the outcomes of the Facebook mood experiments and how I've
       | seen people put together _very_ targeted ads, I 'm wondering
       | whether it's possible to induce someone (who's already under a
       | lot of pressure) to commit suicide simply via a targeted
       | information campaign. I'm speculating less on what happened here,
       | and more on the general "yes that would be possible" situation.
       | 
       | How would one protect themselves from something like this? Avoid
       | all 'algorithmically' generated data sources, AdBlock, VPN, don't
       | log in anywhere?
        
         | AliAbdoli wrote:
         | I'm going to have to go with Tyler The Creator's advice here:
         | "Just Walk Away From The Screen"
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | Try it now. I'm sure you'll be back within 24h.
        
         | exe34 wrote:
         | there was a video of a guy who pranked his housemate -
         | http://mysocialsherpa.com/the-ultimate-retaliation-pranking-...
         | 
         | I don't know how much this is embellished, but I'd say it's not
         | too hard.
         | 
         | for defence, as others have said, walk away from the phone.
         | spend time with friends.
         | 
         | I personally swear out loud followed by the name of the company
         | whenever I see a YouTube advert, I hope it helps me avoid
         | making the choices they want me to.
        
         | mrtksn wrote:
         | On Reddit there's this thing about suicide prevention.
         | Essentially, if someone thinks that you are suicidal, they can
         | make reddit send you a very official looking "don't do it"
         | message.
         | 
         | I found that people are using it to abuse those they hate. I've
         | received the message a few times when I had an argument with
         | someone. Apparently it's a thing:
         | 
         | https://www.reddit.com/r/questions/comments/1bp1k9h/why_do_i...
         | 
         | There's something profound about someone looking
         | serious(official looking reddit account) giving you the idea of
         | suicide. The first time I remember feeling very bad, because
         | it's written in a very official and caring way, it was like
         | someone telling me that "I hate you so much that I spent lots
         | of energy to meticulously tell you dat I want you to kill
         | yourself" but also made me question myself.
        
           | euvin wrote:
           | Wow, that's the first time I'm hearing about that tactic. And
           | it's dawning on me how egregious that is because it could be
           | inoculating you against the very messages meant to dissuade
           | you. Though I'm unsure how effective those messages were to
           | begin with.
        
             | mrtksn wrote:
             | Yeah, it's making you look back at yourself. Like when
             | someone tells you that you look tired or sick or something
             | like that, and you are actually not but you still need to
             | check it up because they might have a point. Then more
             | often than not you start feeling that way. It's suggestive.
        
               | futuramaconarma wrote:
               | Might be worth investing some energy leveling up skills
               | of not lettting random internet jerks have that much
               | power over thy emotions
        
               | mrtksn wrote:
               | You build it over time but sometimes they invent
               | brilliant attacks vectors.
        
             | hsbauauvhabzb wrote:
             | The message is not necessarily to dissuade you, but to
             | protect Reddit.
        
           | gsibble wrote:
           | Oh, I got a lot of those for hate. The good news is it was
           | easy to report them and I got most people who sent them
           | banned. It's highly against reddit's TOS and something they
           | enforce.
        
         | hanspeter wrote:
         | In theory, but not without including a larger target group as
         | your audience. Back in the day an audience on Facebook needed a
         | size of at least 20, but I'm unsure what the limit is now.
         | 
         | Your ads would still need to be reviewed and would likely not
         | pass the filters if they straight up encourage self harm.
        
       | tsoukase wrote:
       | Half an hour of talk with his relatives, friends, girlfriend etc
       | and I can suggest if he or someone else murdered him. I doubt the
       | police will go such hassle
        
       | strogonoff wrote:
       | Suchir's suicide (if it was a suicide) is a tragedy. I happen to
       | share some of his views, and I am negative on the impact of
       | current ML tech on society--not because of what it can do, but
       | precisely because of the way it is trained.
       | 
       | The ends do not justify the means--and it is easy to see the
       | means having wide-ranging systemic effects besides the ends, even
       | if we pretended those ends were well-defined and planned (which,
       | aside from the making profit, they are clearly not: just think of
       | the nebulous ideas and contention around AGI).
        
         | gsibble wrote:
         | I enjoy using Generative AI but have significant moral qualms
         | with how they train their data. They flagrantly ignore
         | copyright law for a significant amount of their data. The fact
         | they do enter into licensing agreements with some publishers
         | basically shows they know they are breaking the law.
        
       | mbix77 wrote:
       | Think about the current geopolitical climate and the possibility
       | this person was actually targeted by malicious actors as a way to
       | sow chaos and distrust in the establishment in the West. What
       | better way to make people grow weary of the digital platforms
       | that are making up a majority part of their lives in their
       | bubbles.
        
       | MichaelMoser123 wrote:
       | RIP. Suchir was a man of principles, he probably had to give up
       | his OpenAI options as a result of his stance - OpenAI is reported
       | to have a very restrictive offboarding agreements [1]
       | 
       | " It forbids them, for the rest of their lives, from criticizing
       | their former employer. Even acknowledging that the NDA exists is
       | a violation of it.
       | 
       | If a departing employee declines to sign the document, or if they
       | violate it, they can lose all vested equity they earned during
       | their time at the company, which is likely worth millions of
       | dollars."
       | 
       | [1] https://www.vox.com/future-
       | perfect/2024/5/17/24158478/openai...
        
         | rkagerer wrote:
         | > It forbids them, for the rest of their lives, from
         | criticizing their former employer. Even acknowledging that the
         | NDA exists is a violation of it.
         | 
         | Can someone with legal expertise weigh in on how likely this
         | would be to hold up in court?
        
           | Bluestein wrote:
           | I was wondering myself. Also, the whole thing about losing
           | vested equity - would that hold up in court?
        
           | n144q wrote:
           | My guess is that a lawsuit from OpenAI itself is enough to
           | ruin your life. They don't even need to win the case.
           | 
           | Completely unrelated: https://jalopnik.com/uzi-nissan-
           | spent-8-years-fighting-the-c...
        
             | tux3 wrote:
             | I have it from good authority that -- even in the absence
             | of a lawsuit -- fighting OpenAI can lead to having
             | dramatically less time to enjoy life.
             | 
             | It's a bit like smoking. Some activities are just not good
             | for your health.
        
         | zelphirkalt wrote:
         | Ha, that gives a pretty good picture how "open" Openai is. They
         | want to own their employees, enslave them in a way. One might
         | even think the cause of that whistleblower's death is
         | contagious upon publishing.
         | 
         | Really ridiculous how afraid Openai is of criticism. Acting
         | like a child that throws a tantrum, when something doesn't go
         | its way, just that one needs to remind oneself, that somehow
         | there are, with regard to age at least, adults behind this
         | stuff.
        
           | rollcat wrote:
           | > Ha, that gives a pretty good picture how "open" Openai is.
           | 
           | "Any country with 'democratic' in its name, isn't".
           | 
           | The fight to claim a word's meaning can sometimes be
           | fascinating to observe. We've started with "Free Software",
           | but it was easily confused with "freeware", and in the
           | meantime the meaning of "open source" was being put to test
           | by "source available" / "look but do not touch" - so we ended
           | up with atrocities like "FLOSS", which are too cringe for a
           | serious-looking company to try to take over. I think "open"
           | is becoming meaningless (unless you're explicitly referring
           | to open(2)). With the advent of smart locks, even the
           | definition of an open door is getting muddy.
           | 
           | Same for "AI". There's nothing intelligent about LLMs, not
           | while humans continue to supervise the process. I like to
           | include creativity and self-reflection in my working
           | definition of intelligence, traits which LLMs are incapable
           | of.
        
         | BrandoElFollito wrote:
         | I am amazed that such things are possible. Here on France this
         | is so illegal that it is laughable.
         | 
         | I am saying "laughable" because there are small things
         | companies try to enforce, and say sorry afterwards. But telling
         | you that you are stuck with this for life is comedy grade.
        
         | tikkun wrote:
         | Not anymore. In May 2024 OpenAI confirmed that it will not
         | enforce those provisions:
         | 
         | * The company will not cancel any vested equity, regardless of
         | whether employees sign separation agreements or non-
         | disparagement agreements
         | 
         | * Former employees have been released from their non-
         | disparagement obligations
         | 
         | * OpenAI sent messages to both former and current employees
         | confirming that it "has not canceled, and will not cancel, any
         | vested units"
         | 
         | https://www.theregister.com/2024/05/24/openai_contract_staff...
         | 
         | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-05-24/openai-re...
        
       | dudeinjapan wrote:
       | When I die, as a last wish, I hope people will go wild with
       | speculative assassination theories. Especially if the police find
       | "no evidence" of foul-play or the coroner says it was due to "old
       | age"--it can only mean the cops and docs are also in on it.
        
       | rafram wrote:
       | Wow. Suchir was my project partner in a CS class at Berkeley
       | (Operating Systems!). Incredibly smart, humble, nice person. It
       | was obvious that he was going to do amazing things. This is
       | really awful.
        
       | bdndndndbve wrote:
       | This is extremely sad and I'm sorry for Suchir's family and
       | friends.
       | 
       | As someone who has struggled with suicidal ideation while working
       | in the tech industry for over a decade, I do wonder if the insane
       | culture of Bay Area tech has a part to play.
       | 
       | Besides the extreme hustle culture mindset, there's also a kind
       | of naive techno-optimism that can make you feel insane. You're
       | surrounded by people who think breaking the law is OK and that
       | they're changing the world by selling smart kitchen appliances,
       | even while they're exploiting workers in developing countries for
       | cheap tech support and stepping over OD victims outside their
       | condo.
       | 
       | This mindset is so pervasive you really start to wonder if you're
       | crazy for having empathy or any sense of justice.
       | 
       | I have no special insight except to guess that going from being
       | an obviously brilliant student at Berkeley to a cut-throat
       | startup like OpenAI would be a jarring experience. You've
       | achieved everything you worked your whole life for, and you find
       | you're doing work that is completely out of whack with your
       | morals and values.
        
         | gsibble wrote:
         | Well put. Almost all of the SF startups I worked for were run
         | by sociopaths willing to break any rule I eventually learned.
         | One is now being charged by the FTC for massive violations. I
         | hated the immoral mindset of winning at the cost of everything
         | from employee comfort to flagrantly illegal activities with
         | customers.
        
         | imglorp wrote:
         | Further piling on potential stress for any whistleblower in a
         | highly specialized field, once you're publicly critical of that
         | field, you're basically unemployable there. And that's without
         | any active retribution from the offending employer. Any
         | retribution, such as blacklisting among peer HR departments
         | would bring an even dimmer outlook.
        
       | tempeler wrote:
       | People neglect the priorities of working life. First safety, it
       | is best to avoid any unnecessary risks and to act so that you
       | stay safe. second security.
        
       | sheepscreek wrote:
       | Deeply saddening, especially given what was at stake. It takes
       | someone truly exceptional to challenge the establishment. RIP
       | Suchir. May the light of your candle, while it burned, have
       | sparked many others.
        
       | npvrite wrote:
       | Unfortunately, many whistleblowers don't take proper precautions
       | to release information that will make them a target.
       | 
       | QubesOS, disposable laptop, faraday cage, and never work from
       | home. https://www.qubes-os.org/
        
         | cutemonster wrote:
         | Why do you need the Faraday cage?
        
       | lawrenceyan wrote:
       | This is incredibly sad, Suchir went to my high school and we both
       | went to Berkeley together. He was clearly very intelligent, and I
       | was always sure he'd go on to be very successful / do interesting
       | things.
       | 
       | If you're struggling reading this, I want to say that you're not
       | alone. Even if it doesn't feel like it right now, the world truly
       | wants you to be happy.
       | 
       | The path is open to you:
       | 
       | Old Path White Clouds [0]
       | 
       | Opening the Heart of Compassion [1]
       | 
       | Seeing That Frees [2]
       | 
       | [0] https://z-library.sk/book/1313569/e77753/old-path-white-
       | clou... [1] https://z-library.sk/book/26536611/711f2c/opening-
       | the-heart-... [2]
       | https://z-library.sk/book/3313275/acb03c/seeing-that-frees-m...
        
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       (page generated 2024-12-14 23:01 UTC)