[HN Gopher] Conversations are better with four people
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Conversations are better with four people
        
       Author : nomilk
       Score  : 117 points
       Date   : 2024-12-12 13:05 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.thetimes.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.thetimes.com)
        
       | nomilk wrote:
       | The bit I could get to in the HTML:
       | 
       | > Why conversations are better with four people
       | 
       | > Three might be a crowd but four appears to be the magic number
       | when it comes to conversation. And, according to an academic who
       | has spent decades studying how we socialise, William Shakespeare
       | instinctively understood that.
       | 
       | > Professor Robin Dunbar, an anthropologist and evolutionary
       | psychologist at the University of Oxford, is known for "Dunbar's
       | number," which alludes to his theory that most of us are able to
       | sustain about 150 social connections.
       | 
       | > But his research has also explored how people act in smaller
       | groups. At Cheltenham Science Festival he explained that when it
       | comes to having an enjoyable chat, the upper limit is a gang of
       | four. When social groups have five or more members, the chances
       | of them laughing together plummet.
       | 
       | If anyone's got the whole thing, please post.
        
         | madcaptenor wrote:
         | Three might be a crowd but four appears to be the magic number
         | when it comes to conversation. And, according to an academic
         | who has spent decades studying how we socialise, William
         | Shakespeare instinctively understood that.
         | 
         | Professor Robin Dunbar, an anthropologist and evolutionary
         | psychologist at the University of Oxford, is known for
         | "Dunbar's number", which alludes to his theory that most of us
         | are able to sustain about 150 social connections.
         | 
         | But his research has also explored how people act in smaller
         | groups. At Cheltenham Science Festival he explained that when
         | it comes to having an enjoyable chat, the upper limit is a gang
         | of four. When social groups have five or more members, the
         | chances of them laughing together plummets.
         | 
         | He said: "You very rarely get more than four people in a
         | conversation. In the normal run of things, when a fifth person
         | joins a group, it'll become two conversations within about 20
         | seconds." Alternatively, a "lecture" situation develops in
         | which one person holds court and the others act as an audience.
         | 
         | In larger groups, "you have to decide whether the person who is
         | speaking is really so important you'd rather be standing there
         | saying nothing", he said. If the speaker is not very
         | interesting, the audience tends to splinter into groups of four
         | or fewer. Dunbar believes that the underlying reason is that we
         | can only track what a certain number of people are likely to be
         | thinking at one time.
         | 
         | Scientists call this the "theory of mind", which involves being
         | able to see the world from another person's perspective. Also
         | known as "mentalising", it is crucial for conversation because
         | people often use imprecise language, which makes context
         | important. "The language we use is full of metaphors and
         | unfinished sentences. The listener has to be able to figure out
         | what it is the speaker is trying to say," said Dunbar.
         | 
         | Additionally, the speaker must track whether those they are
         | talking to are following their meaning. Dunbar believes that
         | the limits of our ability to predict the thoughts of others in
         | this way explains why groups that work in challenging
         | situations -- such as SAS patrols and surgical teams -- tend to
         | do best when there are four members.
         | 
         | In The Social Brain, co-authored by Dunbar, he argues that
         | Shakespeare must have intuitively known about this phenomenon
         | as it is rare for his plays to have more than four significant
         | characters speaking in one scene.
         | 
         | He wrote: "[Shakespeare] instinctively understood the
         | mentalising capacities of his audience. He was anxious to
         | ensure his audience wasn't cognitively overloaded by the number
         | of minds in the action on stage. [It is] a masterclass in the
         | study of human psychology."
        
           | calf wrote:
           | Not exactly Shakespeare but this reminds me what I enjoyed so
           | much about the opening act of Cirque du Soleil's O show was
           | how it used so many acrobats and dancers to choreograph a
           | concurrent scene, you were just overloaded with what you
           | could pay attention to at any one moment. Their specially
           | designed stage was large enough to show multiple things going
           | on in a 3D space.
           | 
           | Bach's fugues using 4 voices and other such classical music
           | is also an interesting example, the complexity is often
           | written to be beyond the reach of even an experienced
           | listener to grasp everything concurrently, and the
           | performance of this kind of music is necessary highly
           | challenging for the pianist as well.
        
       | felipevb wrote:
       | http://archive.today/WTDBs
        
       | po wrote:
       | I suspect this is related to why a string quartet is the right
       | number of musical voices. Two violins, viola, and cello give you
       | a very fulfilling number of separate ideas to track without
       | overwhelming you.
        
         | consf wrote:
         | Add more players, like in a quintet or sextet, and the clarity
         | can start to blur, much like a larger group discussion
        
         | chubot wrote:
         | That's also a "classical" rock band - vocals, guitar, bass,
         | drums (e.g. Beatles any many others)
        
           | maccard wrote:
           | Most rock bands have more than one guitar.
        
             | MisterTea wrote:
             | Which could be in the vocalists hands in the gp's example
             | keeping the number at four.
        
             | throwaway290 wrote:
             | Bass is a guitar in 99% rock bands.
             | 
             | I have not seen a good band with more than 4 people on
             | stage simultaneously.
        
               | shesstillamodel wrote:
               | AC/DC. Foo Fighters. Guns 'n Roses. Queens of the Stone
               | Age...
        
               | throwaway290 wrote:
               | well I have not seen them in particular ^^
               | 
               | There are good bands like that but not most.
        
               | datameta wrote:
               | Let's not forget the synthesists
        
               | jeremyjh wrote:
               | Rolling Stones, Lynyrd Skynyrd, Aerosmith, Journey,
               | Radiohead, Guns and Roses, Fleetwood Mac, AC/DC, The
               | Eagles
        
               | throwaway290 wrote:
               | Have not seen them either.
               | 
               | You pick really popular names but in most regular bands
               | when there is more people there is worse link between
               | them...
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | "Music for 18 Musicians" by Steve Reich is probably one
               | of the masterworks of the second half of the 20th
               | century.
               | 
               | Any vaguely disco-adjacent band will have more than 4
               | people on stage because there will be at least keyboards
               | and horns in addition to drums, bass, guitar and vocals.
               | Even a band that simply adds an additional person player
               | percussion to a typical 4 piece exceeds your limit yet
               | can wonderfully enhance the music.
               | 
               | If you haven't seen any of those bands, then that's your
               | loss, but provides no reason to try to generalize about
               | the right size for a live band.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | Vocals are often a person who is also playing an
               | instrument. So in a 4-person band you can have up to four
               | voices, lead and rhythm guitar (or maybe keyboard),
               | drums, and bass.
        
               | rufus_foreman wrote:
               | >> I have not seen a good band with more than 4 people on
               | stage simultaneously
               | 
               | Glenn Branca Orchestra.
        
           | nostrademons wrote:
           | Also the traditional barbershop quartet for acapella.
           | 
           | Interestingly, I like the 5-piece versions of all 3 of these:
           | add a keyboardist to the rock band, a piano or harpsichord to
           | the classical string or woodwind quartet, a female vocalist
           | to the acapella group. Having two leads lets you do much more
           | intricate countermelodies and harmonies.
        
           | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
           | A string quartet consists of 4 tonally adjacent instruments,
           | and is thus much more like 4 humans talking.
           | 
           | A "classical" rock band consists of 4 utterly different
           | instruments from a tonal perspective, and is thus nothing
           | like 4 humans talking. Same thing for jazz - and its why you
           | can have multiple instruments performing simultaneously and
           | in ways that are not obviously connected to each other.
        
         | Aidevah wrote:
         | I recall that Charles Rosen wrote somewhere that one of the
         | reasons the string quartet took off in the classical period was
         | that it allowed the playing of all the notes in a dominant
         | seventh chord without double stops. Although this was probably
         | a better explanation for the relative paucity of string trios
         | in the output of Mozart (1) and Beethoven (0). The
         | establishment of four parts as the "standard" scoring for vocal
         | ensembles can be traced back to the 15th century.
         | 
         | On the other hand the second and more famous dining (and
         | conversation) club founded by Dr Johnson had originally 9
         | members, and gradually grew from that to dozens. Although many
         | including Johnson may have not been entirely happy with the
         | expansion.
        
         | jancsika wrote:
         | I think you're taking the metaphor about a string quartet as a
         | "conversation among equals" too literally.
         | 
         | In terms of perception, I'm not sure there's much of a
         | relationship to a human conversation. To make things equal, the
         | string players would need to take turns soloing while the
         | others wait more or less silently to respond, each with their
         | own solo response. You'd be bored out of your gourd if string
         | quartets were written that way.
         | 
         | But more to the point, the vast majority of time in a string
         | quartet is devoted to two or more of the players producing
         | phrases of music _in parallel_ , and that is musically coherent
         | and pleasing to the players and audience. Most humans cannot
         | track two humans speaking in parallel _at all_. That alone
         | tells us that music cognition is a very different phenomenon
         | than speech cognition.
         | 
         | In short, I'm not sure why a string quartet would be considered
         | the optimal genre for humans to produce music together. And
         | even if it is, the reasons why are even less likely to do with
         | the protocols around human speech cognition, and certainly not
         | with some bizarre equivalent of the "theory of mind" associated
         | with the musical phrase produced by one of the instruments[1].
         | 
         | 1: Small digression-- In Elliott Carter's 2nd String Quartet he
         | actually started with a concept that each instrument was a kind
         | of "character" in a play among the quartet. In this case, the
         | problem with OP's metaphor becomes obvious even in the
         | introduction-- the homogenous timbre of a string quartet makes
         | it difficult to hear the differences among the characters.
         | (IIRC I think even Carter admitted this.)
        
       | consf wrote:
       | This makes me wonder if our preference for group size might
       | extend beyond conversation to other areas, like collaboration or
       | even entertainment
        
         | HPsquared wrote:
         | A lot of TV shows have three presenters. The fourth is the
         | viewer, I guess.
        
         | SoftTalker wrote:
         | Pair programming is pretty popular. Has anyone tried "trio" or
         | "quad" programming?
        
           | go2europa wrote:
           | I've tried a few three person programming sessions with a
           | live pycharm collaborative session (whatever they call it) -
           | what I thought was interesting is we naturally divided
           | responsibilities.
           | 
           | 2 people would do more direct pair programming of one doing
           | more thinking / design / instructing and the other is the
           | workhorse and supplemental designer. The third would be the
           | polisher and tester, and participate in design as well when
           | able to.
           | 
           | Idk if there is a role-based analogue in larger social groups
           | but interesting to think about.
        
       | vouaobrasil wrote:
       | I think it needs clarification. What I've found is that:
       | 
       | * 2 people is ideal for serious, deep conversation
       | 
       | * 3-4 is ideal for more humorous, relaxing conversation, but
       | precludes the deepest intellectual topics
        
         | bbarnett wrote:
         | I wonder if that's why some people are introverts, without even
         | realising the cause.
         | 
         | I'll do small talk, but it's more boring than mowing the lawn
         | with a pair of scissors. I find large gatherings completely
         | boring, with nothing but noise involved because, well.. it's
         | all just meaningless chatter.
         | 
         | Maybe some people aren't introverts, just "talking to more than
         | a few people means this is dumb" verts.
        
           | BiteCode_dev wrote:
           | I concur, and this can be solved once you get the hang of
           | actually creating a small bubble inside crowds and accept the
           | FOMO of missing the rest of the event to have a quality
           | conversation for a few hours.
           | 
           | Not everybody is made to ride a wave of people. But you can
           | find a way to enjoy it in a different fashion. I find it true
           | for a lot of situations, actually.
           | 
           | You don't have to follow all the rules.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | There's probably a certain unconference aspect to larger
             | groups. (i.e. if something isn't working for you feel free
             | to move on.) "This is really interesting but I _really_
             | need to say hello to my friend over there who I haven 't
             | seen in ages." Of course, there's some art to politic
             | transitions.
        
           | christophilus wrote:
           | I'm an introvert. I prefer long stretches of solitude to just
           | about anything else. I need people and interaction, but in
           | very small doses.
        
             | lizzas wrote:
             | Me too. I think this what introversion means.
             | 
             | Being quiet at bigger gatherings is a different thing.
        
           | gyomu wrote:
           | This is why I always go outside to hang out with the smokers
           | at parties, even though I don't smoke. The conversations are
           | always more interesting in those small circles of 2-3 people
           | who went outside for a cigarette than in the main party.
        
           | lizzas wrote:
           | It is worse when story tellers come in and hog conversations.
           | It is even worse worse when there are more than one and it is
           | one upmanship on the war stories. Find this unpleasant and
           | tiring. I prefer listening from more people.
        
             | vouaobrasil wrote:
             | Yeah I dislike it when people always jump in with their
             | experience rather than relating to the person who is
             | talking.
             | 
             | I figured out that some people are "relators" and some
             | people are "analyzers and askers" and it's usually the
             | latter that is much more fun to talk to. But I know that
             | two "relators" who seem to talk past each other often also
             | seem to enjoy this method.
        
             | slfnflctd wrote:
             | My significant others' family we see several times a year
             | has several such folks, and at least three of the top level
             | people at the small company where I work are the same way.
             | I've grown to be able to handle it much better than I could
             | 20 years ago, but it's still deeply exhausting.
             | 
             | On a bad day it will drain my energy to the point where I
             | truly lose most of my ability to function and need
             | significant time to recover.
        
             | hippari2 wrote:
             | Agree, and I often derange the conversation to cut their
             | story shot lol ( sorry ). Unless they're really determined
             | to continue.
             | 
             | I notice other people do this to. And there are even
             | different skill levels to how smooth they can cut into the
             | story tellers.
        
               | B1FF_PSUVM wrote:
               | > derange the conversation
               | 
               | I was expecting to read "derail" there, but that's not
               | bad either - I mean, it's bad, but in a deranged way ...
        
           | Swizec wrote:
           | > I'll do small talk, but it's more boring than mowing the
           | lawn with a pair of scissors. I find large gatherings
           | completely boring, with nothing but noise involved because,
           | well.. it's all just meaningless chatter.
           | 
           | The trick I've found is to make the conversation more
           | interesting, if you think it's boring. 9 times out of 10
           | everyone is just jonesing for _someone_ to take it somewhere
           | fun, but afraid to make the first step. YOU can make that
           | step.
        
             | antisthenes wrote:
             | > The trick I've found is to make the conversation more
             | interesting, if you think it's boring. 9 times out of 10
             | everyone is just jonesing for someone to take it somewhere
             | fun, but afraid to make the first step.
             | 
             | Not in 2024. You're 100% going to get a person who's going
             | to get offended and make a scene.
        
               | anal_reactor wrote:
               | Which is why I refuse to hang out with people who fulfill
               | these two conditions at once:
               | 
               | 1. They're boring
               | 
               | 2. Their opinion on me matters
        
           | rr808 wrote:
           | To me this means 1) You aren't hanging around the right
           | people 2) You aren't talking about stuff you're interested in
           | 3) You need to drink more.
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | I mean most people are just pretty boring. I find that people
           | talk about:
           | 
           | Work (generally not a great idea at parties, maybe a bit more
           | acceptable if it's hosted at work, or if you do something
           | really unusual that others find interesting, _and_ are able
           | to talk about it in layman 's terms).
           | 
           | Sports (I like sports well enough but am not passionate about
           | any team or sport. I cannot add much to a conversation about
           | specific players, games, coaches, statistics, strategy).
           | 
           | Wine, whiskey, tequila, food: See Sports, above.
           | 
           | Their kids or their vacations or other bragging. Nobody
           | cares.
           | 
           | Reminiscing about some experience that a group of them had
           | together. Hard to join in, if you're not part of that group
           | or that experience.
           | 
           | Politics, conspiracies. Just no.
           | 
           | Interesting people who talk to people they don't already know
           | are rare.
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | You get into more people and you're likely to just be hesitant
         | to go there on a lot of topics--at least unless you know
         | everyone pretty well.
        
         | xboxnolifes wrote:
         | I think the easiest way to look at it is that you start with
         | every topic available, then you filter down to what people are
         | comfortable with. So, you can only ever lose topics as you add
         | people, looking for the lowest common denominators.
        
       | Amorymeltzer wrote:
       | 90 years ago in _Serve it Forth_ , the glorious M. F. K. Fisher
       | stated definitively that the maximum number of people at an ideal
       | dinner party is six, and probably three or four. Glad to see
       | she's being upheld! Of course, the individuals probably matter
       | more:
       | 
       | >It is, though, very dull to be at a table with dull people, no
       | matter what their sex. Dining partners, regardless of gender,
       | social standing, or the years they've lived, should be chosen for
       | their ability to eat--and drink!--with the right mixture of
       | abandon and restraint. They should enjoy food, and look upon its
       | preparation and its degustation as one of the human arts.
        
         | wslh wrote:
         | > 90 years ago in Serve it Forth...
         | 
         | I wish there were a tool that could quickly connect new
         | articles to older ideas, highlighting how much of what seems
         | original today often builds on existing work, or just was
         | mentioned before.
         | 
         | It wouldn't need to be as precise as mathematics or the hard
         | sciences, just probabilistic enough to reveal meaningful
         | connections.
        
           | jackthetab wrote:
           | That would be _tres cool_.
           | 
           | Thinking out loud here...That could be like an LLM that is
           | tokenized on ideas as opposed to words/fragments, no?
           | 
           | I'm sure someone has worked on this, but how would a computer
           | extract an idea from a bunch of words (sentences?) ?
           | 
           | Looks like another rabbit hole to add to the list...
        
             | wslh wrote:
             | I would say that tracing concepts back to their origins
             | could be a good benchmark for evaluating AI models.
             | 
             | In the context of the article you mentioned, Robin Dunbar's
             | research and the Max4 Principle are referenced [1], along
             | with a relevant Wikipedia article [2]. Expanding further,
             | one can trace earlier foundational works, such as "The
             | Primary Group as Cooley Defines It" [3], and even earlier
             | sociological contributions by thinkers like Auguste Comte.
             | 
             | As for the "Serve it Forth" answer, I haven't come across
             | that yet except when, obviously?, I named it explicitly.
             | 
             | [1] https://newcreate.org/max-4-principle/
             | 
             | [2]
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communication_in_small_groups
             | 
             | [3] https://www.jstor.org/stable/4105179
        
           | hindsightbias wrote:
           | It could only go back to 1992 or so. For most people, history
           | is whatever is linkable or the 5% of pre-1992 stuff that is
           | popular enough to rate a dead wiki footnote.
        
             | wslh wrote:
             | The Google Ngram Viewer indicates that data was indexed
             | well before 1992, even if the resource isn't publicly
             | accessible [1]. This likely reflects the reality that new
             | content often garners more attention than old content,
             | which doesn't align with the "pay-per-click" model of
             | monetization.
             | 
             | [1] https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=darwin&ye
             | ar_st...
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | When I was a full-time IT industry analyst, one of the things
         | that regularly annoyed me was overly large tables at dinner. A
         | lot of factors were in play including the fact that many
         | analysts felt very strongly about being at a table with the
         | "important people" (tm) in the room. But if you were at even a
         | round table seating 8+ people, it meant in practice you only
         | talked with a few people who were reasonably adjacent.
         | 
         | I would say a 4-6 person table is about the largest where
         | everyone can be talking with all the other people.
        
           | RangerScience wrote:
           | Six can be a bit of magic number for a table in a larger
           | crowd, because people tend to be in groups of 2 or 4, so a
           | table for six (apparently) means you're inviting/ causing
           | groups to mix.
        
         | rr808 wrote:
         | Dinner parties at someone's house are such a lost art. I'm
         | going to use this winter to start to bring them back!
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | My parents used to host dinner parties. Actual sit-down
           | dinners at a table with place settings, not pizza with paper
           | plates. They are a lot of work, especially if you do the
           | cooking yourself. I was pretty young and only remember them
           | vaguely, but they stopped because nobody ever reciprocated.
        
             | anal_reactor wrote:
             | The problem with dinner parties is that they only work if
             | all attendees like each other equally. Any group of people
             | talking at once will boil down to the lowest common
             | denominator, so one bad guest can easily ruin the whole
             | event. Meanwhile during a pizza party it's okay to chat in
             | a smaller group, which means that when you have a complex
             | network of "A likes B but doesn't like C who is best friend
             | of B", there's much higher chance of making it possible to
             | somehow divide the guests into sensible subgroups.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | Well that brings up another thing that we seem to have
               | lost in society: how to be pleasant at a social event
               | even if you don't like or find agreeable everyone else
               | there.
        
               | anal_reactor wrote:
               | Oh, I can perfectly do this! Actually, I'm very good at
               | this! It's just that after 8 hours of doing so for 5 days
               | in a row, I don't have any more energy for that.
        
               | wellix wrote:
               | Do you have any tips on how to perfectly coexist with
               | disagreeable people?
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | It sort of depends on a mutual politeness or the sense
               | that a dinner party is not the time or place to bring up
               | (or persist in discussing) something controversial. If
               | someone insists on being an asshole and spoiling the
               | event there's not a lot you can do, but it seems that
               | more people used to have the social graces to not to
               | spoil an event they were invited to, and would be
               | embarassed if they did.
        
               | mcsniff wrote:
               | Consider I, myself, might be disagreeable to others and
               | they seem to perfectly coexist with me (so far).
               | 
               | Every invitation to fight doesn't have to be accepted.
        
               | aksss wrote:
               | The nice thing about dinner parties is that you can
               | choose who to invite (and not invite).
        
             | etrautmann wrote:
             | Both are great! We love having people over for a nicely
             | presented dinner or pizza. The import part is getting
             | people together.
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | People are still doing it with game nights: have dinner, then
           | play a board/card game together (usually with drinks.) In the
           | 50s, Bridge or Dominoes was a big married couple date.
           | 
           | I'd like to see a revival of the old setup where everyone has
           | dinner, then everybody in turn, individually and/or in
           | groups, does a musical performance, poetry reading, or
           | interesting lecture to entertain everyone else.
        
           | RangerScience wrote:
           | Pro tip 1: Potluck! Cooking _and_ organizing can be a lot of
           | work.
           | 
           | Pro tip 1a: Hot pot! You supply the pot and broth; guests
           | bring the rest.
           | 
           | Pro tip 2: The first one will be waaay harder; then it'll get
           | easier, as you get a track record and you don't need to
           | recruit (or "train") guests; they're already in and already
           | trained :)
           | 
           | Pro tip 3: They get easier, fast, as you both 1) get practice
           | and 2) learn what _doesn't_ matter
           | 
           | Pro tip 3: The first people to show up _will_ ask to help;
           | plan something for them to do (I do a make-a-pizza party; I
           | have them grate the mozzarella)
        
         | SoftTalker wrote:
         | I like that even as someone nearly 60 years old there are still
         | new words to learn. TIL "degustation" - the act of tasting with
         | relish; savoring.
        
       | lambertsimnel wrote:
       | The article quotes Dunbar as saying "In the normal run of things,
       | when a fifth person joins a group, it'll become two conversations
       | within about 20 seconds." I've noticed something similar. The
       | article suggests this might be because of the difficulty we have
       | imagining what multiple other people are thinking, but I suspect
       | other causes also play a part.
       | 
       | If I'm in a group of five or more, and I think too long about
       | what somebody said, or about how to respond, I find there are two
       | conversations going on without me. In a group of four, the only
       | way it can split into two conversations is if I participate. If I
       | don't, the other three have no choice but to maintain (at most) a
       | single conversation, making it easier for me to rejoin.
        
         | eschneider wrote:
         | That's not so much because it's five people as it's a new
         | person.
        
         | em-bee wrote:
         | in my experience it is more dynamic than that. based on tech
         | meetings that i have been to, it depends on the topic currently
         | being discussed. larger groups will break apart if not everyone
         | is interested. it also depends on the arrangement. if a few
         | people stand in a circle and more join the circle, the
         | conversation won't split, because for that to happen they would
         | actually have to leave the circle and create a new one.
        
           | Zancarius wrote:
           | This is a really interesting observation, because I'm in an
           | adult discussion class in Sunday school that is arranged like
           | a circle, and I've been trying to figure out why it seems
           | that structure works so well at limiting conversational
           | divergence.
           | 
           | It seems that when everyone is forced to look at each other,
           | it's harder to divest from the main conversation without
           | drawing your attention away from the remainder of the group.
           | It seems better for fostering discussion with a single
           | speaker at a time since everyone can look at that person all
           | at once.
           | 
           | It's not perfect but for larger groups the "circle strategy"
           | definitely seems to work well.
           | 
           | Thanks for sharing!
        
         | mirekrusin wrote:
         | Probably because people can focus on 3 - 4 things at a time.
        
       | iluvcommunism wrote:
       | 4 people just means 3 people talking and me eating food.
        
       | belter wrote:
       | Always assumed the reason why conversations or business meetings,
       | should not have more than four persons was due to Metcalfe's
       | law...
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metcalfe%27s_law
        
       | schindlabua wrote:
       | I find large groups exist in three states of matter:
       | 
       | 1. crystalline / couple position: Couples sit around the table,
       | there is about 15cm distance between each molecule. One person at
       | the table holds the conch and speaks.
       | 
       | 2. bipolar / sex-segregated: One end of the table holds all men,
       | the other all women. The women talk about men and the men talk
       | about poop and race cars.
       | 
       | 3. gaseous: All people move freely around the room and bounce off
       | each other, there is vigourous chatter everywhere. Often there is
       | alcohol involved.
       | 
       | Your job as a host is to increase the temperature to where all
       | molecules break apart and you reach gaseous forms of
       | communication.
        
         | SoftTalker wrote:
         | Absolutely an overlooked responsibility in hosting is making
         | sure everyone is included and enjoying the experience. Or at
         | least making the effort.
        
       | gregorymichael wrote:
       | Three-way group chats have been really great for me (as a 45 year
       | old male) for keeping connection with my guy friends. Have a
       | dozen of them or so. Small enough to still feel intimate. Big
       | enough that someone replies / keeps the conversation going.
        
       | karmakurtisaani wrote:
       | It also depends on the people a lot. There are at least two types
       | of people who are tiring to be around:
       | 
       | 1. The one who is very slow to get to the point. At around 10
       | second mark you can see where the story is going, but still you
       | have to sit there for several minutes listening the person get
       | there.
       | 
       | 2. The one who has endless amount of stories about themselves.
       | Initially you think it's interesting and entertaining, but soon
       | it dawns on you that the stories are actually boring and waste
       | your time. Typically people like this have developed a sense that
       | people don't like to listen to them, and have excellent defenses
       | against all attempts to shut them down politely.
        
       | Jasondells wrote:
       | I get the point about conversations naturally splitting when
       | there are 5+ people... definitely happens to me all the time. But
       | I wonder if it's really just about mental limits, or if there's
       | something else going on? Like, isn't it also about the vibe of
       | the group or the type of people involved? Some groups are just
       | better at keeping everyone engaged no matter the size- like
       | certain friend groups or teams that have great dynamics.
       | 
       | Also, not sure if the "four is magic" thing holds up
       | everywhere... In my experience, some of the best conversations
       | happen with just two people. Like really deep, meaningful stuff
       | you can't get with more people. And for bigger groups, there's
       | often this chaos energy that can be fun in its own way. Yeah,
       | it's not the same as an intimate chat, but it's not worse, just
       | different.
       | 
       | That said, I do like the idea that our brains are wired for
       | certain sizes - makes sense when you think about the mental
       | juggling it takes to track other people's thoughts and reactions.
       | And I love how Dunbar tied this to Shakespeare--kinda cool that
       | he instinctively kept scenes small to avoid "cognitive overload."
       | Makes me wonder if modern writers and creators even think about
       | this stuff or just stumble into it.
       | 
       | So yeah, the mental limits idea is interesting, but I feel like
       | the type of people, the setting, and even the purpose of the
       | group matter a lot too. Sometimes it's not the number of people,
       | but how good they are at making everyone feel included... which
       | is maybe a rarer skill than we think.
        
       | nostrademons wrote:
       | My experience is more that 4-5 is optimal, and groups splinter
       | into 3+3 at 6. It could be because I'm an introvert and tend to
       | hang out with other introverts, though. A group of 5 will usually
       | have 2-3 people actively talking and 2-3 listening and
       | occasionally contributing only if they have something worthwhile
       | to say. 5 extroverts, in my experience, are unmanageably loud and
       | will usually split into 2+3.
       | 
       | Note the sample bias in this. If you're studying _social
       | gatherings_ , introverts tend to disproportionately not attend
       | these, because they are energy-draining. If you _are_ an
       | introvert, however, then any gathering you are part of will by
       | definition have at least one introvert in it.
        
       | balderdash wrote:
       | I think the big question is the components of the groups':
       | 
       | 1) willingness or desire to contribute (hopefully everyone does
       | 
       | 2) the discipline of the participants (I find a growing trend of
       | people wanting to talk over each other, start talking before
       | someone has finished their thought, people wanting to dominate
       | the conversation)
       | 
       | I've had conversations that are intolerable with 2/4 people
       | because they're either hard to talk to or talking over you,
       | conversely I've had lovely conversations with 8 people that have
       | gone extremely well.
        
         | corytheboyd wrote:
         | > I find a growing trend of people wanting to talk over each
         | other, start talking before someone has finished their thought,
         | people wanting to dominate the conversation
         | 
         | Been noticing this at work meetings. It's annoying because if
         | you want to be heard, you have to become part of the problem...
         | I hate it. I wonder if social media has anything to do with
         | this, since it created a way to "win" conversations, and
         | heavily encourages you to do so. Zoom meetings do amplify this
         | problem, so maybe it's always been like this and I forgot?
         | 
         | In large social groups I shutdown if people talk over me. I
         | don't want to fight to be part of a conversation. It's fine,
         | I'll have moments here or there, though it does make me look
         | quiet and weird... but there are other friends that don't talk
         | over me and I doubt they would say the same thing (the quiet
         | part at least lol)
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | Zoom converstations are impossible with more than a few
           | people, because there is an unnatural latency (even if
           | slight) and the subtle body language cues that let you know
           | it's a good time to speak are totally hidden. So three people
           | start talking at once, then everyone stops and is quiet for a
           | few seconds, then two people say something, etc. It's even
           | difficult with just two people sometimes.
        
           | balderdash wrote:
           | I do think social media has something to do with it, but I
           | think to me it's more the shortening of attention span e.g
           | long form journalism -> tweet, Books -> TikTok's, I think
           | people just actually struggle to contain themselves if
           | someone is speaking for more than ~20 seconds
        
       | pessimizer wrote:
       | Very interesting, but there's no link or reference to a paper
       | here, just
       | 
       | > But his research has also explored how people act in smaller
       | groups.
       | 
       | My assumption is that Rhys Blakely was at Cheltenham Science
       | Festival enjoying a lecture, and decided to fluff up a minute of
       | it into an article. He seems to have quoted from one of Dunbar's
       | popular science books; maybe he should have checked the footnotes
       | or the bibliography?
       | 
       | We're on the internet now, we don't have to "Authorities say..."
       | anymore. This sounds interesting to me, but I don't want to look
       | through every paper Dunbar has written to find it.
       | 
       | -----
       | 
       | edit: curiosity is annoying. I found this:
       | 
       | Robin IM Dunbar, Neill DC Duncan, Daniel Nettle _" Size and
       | structure of freely forming conversational groups"_ (1995)
       | 
       | Abstract: Data from various settings suggest that there is an
       | upper limit of about four on the number of individuals who can
       | interact in spontaneous conversation. This limit appears to be a
       | consequence of the mechanisms of speech production and detection.
       | There appear to be no differences between men and women in this
       | respect, other than those introduced by women's lighter voices.
       | 
       | https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&h...
       | 
       | -----
       | 
       | edit 2: and this:
       | 
       | Guillaume Dezecache, R.I.M. Dunbar _" Sharing the joke: the size
       | of natural laughter groups"_ (2012)
       | 
       | > Our results confirm, with a considerably larger sample, the
       | upper limit of N[?] 4 on conversation group size reported by
       | Dunbar et al. (1995). In addition, they suggest that there is a
       | similar limit on the number of individuals that can be involved
       | in a laughter event.
       | 
       | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2012.07.002
        
       | didgetmaster wrote:
       | When a group is small enough, people will often 'wait their turn'
       | (i.e. wait until the current speaker is done saying something)
       | before talking. Once a group gets a little bigger, two or more
       | people will try to speak at the same time. This causes the
       | discussion to split into separate groups, each carrying on a
       | different conversation.
        
       | lupusreal wrote:
       | Conversations between four people very often devolve into two
       | conversions between two people. The optimal number is either two
       | or three.
        
       | seizethecheese wrote:
       | Podcasts can illustrate some dynamics. The dominant format is two
       | people. Three is rare. Four seems to work, but in a more shallow
       | way. Five? Never heard one.
        
       | m463 wrote:
       | Someone I know goes to a moms group where they play this dice
       | game called Bunco1 They've been playing it for 20 years.
       | 
       | Tables of four people quickly form, play and move.
       | 
       | The game is based on luck, not skill, so people are social not
       | competitive. They're also concentrating on each other not so much
       | the game.
       | 
       | I got to attend it once and play, and found it to be an
       | exceptional way to get to know absolutely everyone in the room.
       | 
       | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bunco
       | 
       | "over 59 million women have played bunco and over 27 million play
       | regularly"
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-12-14 23:00 UTC)