[HN Gopher] Parkinson's Law: It's real, so use it
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Parkinson's Law: It's real, so use it
        
       Author : thunderbong
       Score  : 127 points
       Date   : 2024-12-12 09:48 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (theengineeringmanager.substack.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (theengineeringmanager.substack.com)
        
       | Vampiero wrote:
       | Cool but the only way I can stick to self-imposed deadlines is
       | with medication. No amount of self-help and work philosophy can
       | fix what's broken on a hardware level.
        
         | yu3zhou4 wrote:
         | That's an unspoken truth that some therapists don't want to
         | admit. Some will push you to the limit, while detracting from
         | medication, even when it's necessary, because as you said, no
         | amount of software will modify (enough) the hardware
        
       | Y_Y wrote:
       | I like this idea in theory. It seems to be empirically a good
       | observation. I do take issue with the solution though.
       | 
       | Maybe it comes down to how you model the minds of those around
       | you, but I notice a pattern in articles like this, that the
       | solution seems to be presented as universal. In my experience,
       | deadlines, especially self-imposed ones, are very effective for
       | some (say 40%) of people, but they're not a panacea.
       | 
       | Wouldn't it be nice if there was some more general theory that
       | explained Parkinson's law, and suggested various solutions that
       | will work for various people?
       | 
       | > I love deadlines. I love the whooshing noise they make as they
       | go by. - Douglas Adams
        
         | sitharus wrote:
         | One of the things I learnt about ADHD from my recent diagnosis
         | is how it disrupts your perception of time compared to people
         | without it. To me it doesn't matter if there's a deadline, my
         | brain just does not perceive time in a way that makes it
         | matter.
         | 
         | Of course I have strategies to manage this, and medication
         | helps somewhat. But if I set a deadline for myself I'm never
         | going to keep it.
        
           | Anawan wrote:
           | Could you share some of your strategies?
           | 
           | My girlfriend has ADHD and she mostly only can get things
           | done when there are deadlines outside of her control (e.g.
           | cleaning up when we have visitors). When she wants to do
           | something just for her it can take ages, if it gets done at
           | all.
           | 
           | I would like to help her with this but I don't really know
           | where to start.
        
             | jabroni_salad wrote:
             | For 'time blindness' my personal solution is that I have a
             | miband that vibrates periodically. I think most
             | smartwatches have such a function.
             | 
             | I am an inattentive type who skated thru behavioral checks
             | by being the quiet kid who never causes problems. What this
             | really means is I am doing ranked competitive daydreaming
             | and sometimes need to be reminded to exist.
        
           | Y_Y wrote:
           | I've heard this referred to as "time blindness", which may
           | help if you're looking for more information.
           | 
           | I'd also be grateful if you could share some of your
           | strategies.
        
         | commandlinefan wrote:
         | Partly because in practice, there's one group of people
         | _setting_ deadlines and a completely different set of people
         | responsible for them. I don't know how one moves into the
         | deadline-setting ruling class, but it definitely isn't diligent
         | work, careful attention to detail and achieving demonstrable
         | results.
        
           | 0x5f3759df-i wrote:
           | And even if you're the one setting deadlines, if the powers
           | that be are punishing people over any missed deadlines you'll
           | quickly learn to set deadlines to at least 3x the amount of
           | time you think something will take.
        
       | skrebbel wrote:
       | I'm cofounder of https://talkjs.com, and I strongly disagree. We
       | do not believe that Parkinson's Law universally holds, and in
       | fact we do not use deadlines at all. If I'm not mistaken, the
       | standard lore goes as follows:
       | 
       | 1. Work is awful and people hate doing the work they get assigned
       | 
       | 2. Therefore, people will try their best to do as little of it as
       | possible
       | 
       | 3. Thus, if there's no deadline, or the deadline is very lenient,
       | then people will mess around to fill the time -> Parkinson's Law!
       | 
       | Turns out that if you stop the military carrot & stick model of
       | work, and instead try to actually be a place where people _want_
       | to do great work, then this dynamic changes completely. We do it
       | like this:
       | 
       | 1. Make sure every employee does some amount of customer support.
       | This makes everybody feel that real people are facing real
       | problems that need real solutions, fast.
       | 
       | 2. Give people a lot of freedom in what they work on, in what
       | order, so long as it fits broad company objectives. If a customer
       | reports a bug and it "nerd snipes" you completely, go for it!
       | 
       | 3. Teach people scoping and iterative delivery. Stuff like "ship
       | it when it's better than what's live now" (vs "ship it when it's
       | perfect"). Many engineers like to polish things forever until
       | it's perfect (this is the less cynical interpretation of
       | Parkinson's law) but you can just coach people in this, takes a
       | few months max.
       | 
       | I can honestly say that our dev team is the most productive team
       | I've ever been a part of, and we do this without deadlines,
       | without yelling managers who turn your estimations into promises,
       | without overtime, and anything else like that. Parkinson's Law
       | doesn't need to hold. It's a consequence of a shitty low-trust
       | working culture.
       | 
       | Admittedly I've no idea whether our approach scales to larger
       | companies - we're 15 people. Also we hire explicitly for people
       | who are able to handle this kind of freedom. But it works
       | excellently for us.
        
         | lifeisstillgood wrote:
         | Love this
         | 
         | >>> "ship it when it's better than what's live now" Is a
         | fantastic rule - as it is almost always _measurable_ (even
         | things like engineering quality can be measured (a little)) and
         | so justifiable.
         | 
         | Also your last line (Deadlines are poverty) suggests that it's
         | a term you use a lot in your company - want to expand?
        
           | skrebbel wrote:
           | > Also your last line (Deadlines are poverty) suggests that
           | it's a term you use a lot in your company - want to expand?
           | 
           | Nah, I just invented it to make the comment feel more edgy.
           | Your question made me realize that that's the only reason it
           | was in there, so I edited it out. I mean I do believe that
           | deadlines are poverty but the comment is sufficiently
           | controversial without it.
           | 
           | Basically, I think the idea of hiring highly intelligent and
           | creative people, and then forcing them to work on assigned
           | tasks on sticky notes given to them by "product managers", is
           | an extremely brutal destruction of capital. Sucking the joy
           | out of creative engineers seems like a very costly idea to
           | me, and I'm not convinced that the project management
           | benefits of doing so exceed that cost. Just see how fast and
           | well and enthusiastic people can code when doing eg open
           | source projects, or hackathons, or entire browsers
           | (Ladybird), and so on. I think as a leader you should want to
           | channel that joy and enthusiasm for your company's (and your
           | people's) benefit. If you give people a lot of trust and
           | freedom, and build a culture of eagerness to ship, you can
           | get that. Deadlines then are an extreme buzzkill and I firmly
           | believe it makes people less productive in the long term,
           | particularly because they'll just do worse work and that
           | compounds quickly.
        
             | lifeisstillgood wrote:
             | >>> extremely brutal destruction of capital.
             | 
             | Hell yes.
             | 
             | This chimes with my own experience and attempts to build
             | sane work environments wherever I can.
             | 
             | I think software has a very unusual relationship to the
             | "explore exploit" concept - in that most manual / labour
             | intensive businesses probably work ok with 20% explore -
             | but with software once the explore is done the exploit is a
             | marginal cost - so one should tune software business to be
             | very high explore ratios (lean processes etc).
             | 
             | In other words hire great people and let them experiment.
             | 
             | My general schtick is that software is a form of literacy -
             | and if you hire an illiterate person to for example write
             | your autobiography, the process they would have to come up
             | with would look not dissimilar to most Agile projects.
             | 
             | Or perhaps another way of looking at it - Linus Torvalds
             | accepts patches that have made their way through several
             | layers of "lieutenants" - why shouldn't the CEO of
             | corporate X be the owner of the codebase that runs the
             | corporation ?
             | 
             | In the end all the discussion should be about the code - if
             | it is not about the code you are discussing the wrong
             | thing.
             | 
             | Anyway - completely agree with your points and your ...
             | passion? It's in the right direction and good luck to your
             | business :-)
        
         | Buttons840 wrote:
         | The time in my career where I worked hardest, and with little
         | stress, was on a team that was kind of forgotten and so we were
         | just doing our own thing without deadlines. We decided what we
         | thought was best and started working towards it with a lot of
         | energy and enthusiasm. The team went about a year without any
         | deadlines and very little management of any form, and yet the
         | team was happy and working. Then we lost some political battles
         | and all got fired--but my point is, I've seen that people will
         | work with enthusiasm on things they care about even without
         | pressure.
         | 
         | I think the problem in my situation (above) was that we were
         | disconnected from what was important. You solve this by
         | ensuring everyone is directly connected with the customers. It
         | sounds nice and I hope it continues to work for you and your
         | company.
         | 
         | (It's a shame that this post has net-downvotes currently.)
        
         | jpm_sd wrote:
         | Unfortunately it doesn't scale at all, either to larger teams
         | or to cross-disciplinary projects (e.g. hardware & software
         | combined).
        
           | skrebbel wrote:
           | Got any experience to share in this regard? I can imagine
           | plenty roadblocks but it's not immediately obvious to me that
           | trust doesn't scale.
        
             | jpm_sd wrote:
             | In a larger organization, you inevitably have a more
             | hierarchical management structure, as well as multiple
             | projects going in parallel. Prioritization and scope creep
             | become significantly more difficult to manage. Only a small
             | and specialized group of people talk directly to customers,
             | which breaks the feedback loop you're talking about. And
             | it's much easier for an individual engineer to go down an
             | unproductive technical rabbit hole.
             | 
             | Many product categories are not well matched to the rapid
             | iterative development style you are describing for your
             | server side chat system, due to the significant costs
             | involved in updating products that are already deployed.
        
       | uludag wrote:
       | Interesting to put this besides Hofstadter's law, which looks to
       | be also real, which states "It always takes longer than you
       | expect, even when you take into account Hofstadter's Law."
       | 
       | I don't think these need to be reconciled though as they are
       | about different things: one is about imposing psychological
       | threats to induce action and the other is about the inherent
       | incapacity for humans to reason temporally concerning complex
       | tasks.
       | 
       | One problem that arises though is that when tasks can't be
       | sufficiently estimated, how do you reliably impose said
       | psychological threats which don't turn into casual "oops,
       | software's hard and is hard to estimate, hopefully better luck
       | next time."
        
       | willvarfar wrote:
       | One very useful outcome of setting relentless deadlines is
       | forcing engineers, who are rather prone to overengineering and
       | analysis paralysis, to just do 'good enough' and unblock
       | themselves.
       | 
       | Its a mental trick to get them to focus on outcomes instead of
       | the journey. Far better to let them mutter darkly about perceived
       | 'technical debt' that is incurred delivering business value than
       | to actually let them try and do things their way :D
       | 
       | This doesn't absolve management of picking the right problems to
       | solve etc, nor absolve engineers of solving those problems in a
       | competent manner.
       | 
       | But what it does is make good engineers work on the right thing,
       | because lots of engineers have a tendency to not see the business
       | wood for the trees and go off solving the wrong problems if self-
       | organising.
       | 
       | Of course it is not nice to be an engineer and see how, as a
       | generalisation, we can all be manipulated like this :)
        
         | revskill wrote:
         | The reality is mostly against that benefit though. I've seen so
         | many bad decisions to be made in a short timeline to keep up
         | with the deadlines, which leads the project to be dead soon
         | later. There's always a deep balance to be tracked on.
        
           | swah wrote:
           | I understand the parent comment like this: "they gave me 30
           | days so they must be wanting the X solution" vs "I have to
           | finish this today so its ok to do Y instead". The latter
           | works better most of the time because you can do a second,
           | third iteration of the solution with real feedback.
        
         | dsego wrote:
         | There is also the opposite. It works well for some time, then
         | after a hundred or so sprints with deadlines and no down time,
         | engineers pick up and leave. When there is no time to rework
         | and address some tech debt, suddenly features take longer to
         | develop and UAT becomes a game of whac-a-mole. If at least the
         | management could also focus on delivering real tangible value,
         | mercilessly cull all the nice-to-haves that introduce too much
         | complexity, and prioritize work that will help bring out a
         | stable and polished experience (albeit with less bells and
         | whistles) instead of pushing new half baked features to satisfy
         | the self imposed OKRs and stroking their vanity to move up the
         | ladder.
        
         | ben_w wrote:
         | > about perceived 'technical debt' that is incurred delivering
         | business value than to actually let them try and do things
         | their way :D
         | 
         | Aye.
         | 
         | Some day I will write a detailed account of the worst code I've
         | ever worked with. 1000 lines of spaghetti inside a single if-
         | block; 20,000 blank comments; a whole pantheon of god classes;
         | etc.
         | 
         | And yet, it was a very successful *product*. Much more so than
         | the carefully engineered and architected codebase in an ISO
         | 9001 (or was it 9000?) employer.
         | 
         | """It was the best of code, it was the worst of code; it was
         | the age of delivery, it was the age of technical debt; it was
         | the epoch of rapid prototyping, it was the epoch of
         | unmaintainable legacy; it was the season of boundless
         | innovation, it was the season of endless refactoring; it was
         | the spring of shipping features, it was the winter of debugging
         | nightmares.""" etc.
        
         | skrebbel wrote:
         | You can also just coach engineers to ship iteratively directly,
         | rather than treat them as hopeless basket cases and use
         | deadlines as a workaround. I mean stuff like, teach them to
         | ship when it's better (and not when it's perfect), how to break
         | work down in tiny parts, etc. These are learnable skills. The
         | fact that few people graduate from college with these skills
         | doesn't mean they can't be taught in a straightforward way.
        
         | nitwit005 wrote:
         | Always doing "just good enough" logically results in a product
         | that's barely good enough. Customers may find a competing
         | product that's better than barely good enough.
        
       | jonwinstanley wrote:
       | Conversely, a very tight deadline might well mean that the
       | project/feature gets shipped - but corners will have inevitably
       | been be cut and the chances of a major rewrite of the feature in
       | the future will have been increased.
       | 
       | So it's important to get the balance right.
        
         | dsego wrote:
         | The rewrite that never comes and you keep building on top of
         | that week project for years to come.
        
           | maccard wrote:
           | This is a failure as a developer. A full rewrite is almost
           | never a good idea. You should be fixing things as you go, and
           | making things better. It's your job to spread the load and
           | say "I need X days to do some extra work because Y isn't
           | working properly", and stand your ground. I worked on a
           | project that had hard deadlines every 2 weeks and shipped an
           | unreliable amount of cruft. Even we had time to say "no,
           | sorry".
           | 
           | Besides if the project succeeds for years then joy might have
           | made the right choice cutting corners.
        
       | justlikereddit wrote:
       | It can work if you care about deadlines.
       | 
       | If you add daily deadlines to the daily meetings and hang daily
       | motivational posters on the walls you risk blunting any and all
       | responses to the daily managerial background noise.
        
       | k__ wrote:
       | While I appreciate reasonable deadlines; I hate people enforcing
       | absurd ones.
       | 
       | I need to get this stuff done until tomorrow and then it will lie
       | on your desk for 2 weeks?
       | 
       | No thanks.
        
       | John23832 wrote:
       | I worked at a major cloud provider and saw this first hand.
       | 
       | When I started, I was really bothered by the fact that everything
       | took so long. I had joined from a startup where there was
       | time/financial pressure. Everything needed to be done now, and
       | there was incentive to get it done.
       | 
       | The cloud provider was the complete opposite. Everything was
       | slow. Things that should take a day took a week, things that took
       | a week took a month. I rationalized it that there were more
       | checks in place, more i's to dot, more t's to cross.
       | 
       | But in hindsight, it was the domino effect of Parkinson's law in
       | play. The cloud provider had enough money to keep paying everyone
       | in perpetuity; that removes financial constraints. Time
       | constraints could be explained away. So things just got done
       | whenever they got done. The knock on effect of this is that when
       | you depended on other teams, they got around to their external
       | responsibilities whenever, that then slows you if you depended on
       | them.
       | 
       | The larger organization accounts for this by expanding timelines
       | (because what else are directors/vp's/etc to do... they're
       | powerless to actually implement), which are then just filed with
       | more waste.
        
         | DarkNova6 wrote:
         | I believe that this is a problem with western societies at
         | large.
         | 
         | The tempting efficiency of infant capitalism was its
         | decentralized and small scale structure. You can't govern a
         | country top-down, and letting the people at the bottom do their
         | own work is most efficient.
         | 
         | But now some companies are larger than most countries and we
         | are back to where we started... but without transparency and
         | democratic regulations.
         | 
         | I think we need better ways to deal with large systems and
         | complexity.
        
           | xuhu wrote:
           | What's the sense in making companies more efficient, harder
           | to disrupt and putting them in a position to create a
           | monopoly as they become larger ?
        
             | calderwoodra wrote:
             | Because some things are only possible at a certain scale,
             | like an effective state run healthcare system.
        
               | nlitened wrote:
               | Which state is an example of an effective state run
               | healthcare system?
        
               | paulryanrogers wrote:
               | NHS before the conservatives gutted it?
        
               | vixen99 wrote:
               | True but also the sheer number of people now trying to
               | use it. Other factors include the difficulty of getting
               | an appointment with the first call GP (once known as the
               | family doctor) and the utter madness of many A&E
               | departments. They do a great job but can't cope. 12-hour
               | waits are not unknown. I see no reason to expect a
               | turnaround with the Labour Government.
        
               | John23832 wrote:
               | The Nordics.
        
               | DarkNova6 wrote:
               | In comparison to the Us? Literally every other state in
               | the world. And I do mean "literally".
        
             | DarkNova6 wrote:
             | That's not my point. My point is that overhead increases
             | and efficiency decreases the larger your system is. And
             | companies at the size of states are just as inefficient.
             | 
             | Ergo, the idea that the market handles their duties more
             | efficiently is a lie. It has nothing to do with corporate
             | vs state owned enterprise, but a matter of complexity.
        
           | John23832 wrote:
           | Yes and no.
           | 
           | There's the Chinese saying "Heaven is high, and the emperor
           | is far away". The idea being that low level bureaucrats are
           | actually the ones running the show. Effectively, that's where
           | China and the CCP sit today.
           | 
           | However, that has similar issues to the ones I described
           | above. Top down mandates, the low level feigns to appease
           | them, but marginal progress is actually made. Instead of
           | expanding the timelines as I spoke about, in the CCP(/Soviet)
           | case, the actual accomplishments are made up to keep "going
           | forward". Think of all the ineffective building done to meet
           | bullshit quotas in the China currently. It harkens back to
           | the Soviet era.
        
             | DarkNova6 wrote:
             | I completely agree. But the intend I wanted to capture was
             | that if you have complete transparency over your own
             | system, can act independently and are not bound by top-down
             | mandates, this is where you have the highest efficiency.
             | 
             | This is identical to the idea of small scale teams working
             | on systems they completely understand and own. This is
             | where you have the most productive teams and it is the same
             | in terms of bureaucracy. And the job of an architect is not
             | to create "a beautiful system", but to lower the complexity
             | of the overall system.
             | 
             | I think the topic of complexity and large systems is one of
             | the defining ones of our time. Similar to entropy, you
             | start with a low-state system where you can generate energy
             | from putting entropy into the system. But with a higher
             | state of entropy, your energy gains decrease.
             | 
             | We act like you can just pure more and more onto the same
             | pile, but eventually, everything stagnates. And only
             | collapse can create a blank slate.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | > only collapse can create a blank slate.
               | 
               | It seems like the real problem is finding a way to
               | address _that_.
               | 
               | We've seen this play out over and over. Take something
               | like building and zoning codes. They start out doing
               | something worthwhile, like requiring fire exits. But soon
               | you have a bureaucracy micromanaging everything, imposing
               | minimum parking requirements even on a building sitting
               | on top of a subway stop, imposing minimum lot sizes or
               | density restrictions, requiring unnecessarily costly or
               | labor-intensive construction methods at the behest of
               | device makers or trade unions, etc.
               | 
               | What you need is a mechanism, something like checks and
               | balances or a challenge process that allows any rule to
               | be repealed if it doesn't still have enough votes to pass
               | in every branch, to inhibit that process of ossification
               | and corruption and clear out the cruft accumulated by its
               | past operation.
        
           | J_Shelby_J wrote:
           | Adam smith said the same thing when he coined the term.
           | Capitalism without government regulation of monopolies is
           | impossible in the long term.
        
         | anal_reactor wrote:
         | In a bigger organization you're further away from the actual
         | mission of the organization, which eliminates the internal
         | motivation to perform well, even in the absence of a measurable
         | reward. For example, I'll always go above and beyond when doing
         | something together with a close friend of mine, but I give zero
         | fucks about my big corporation.
        
         | huijzer wrote:
         | Relatedly, I think many people overestimate how hard it is to
         | compete with the big players. People think that because they
         | earn billions, they are unbeatable. But this is untrue!
         | Scrappy, creative people who just go for it can often beat the
         | big players. As a recent example, look at Cursor AI. Microsoft
         | was in the PERFECT place to come up with Cursor. Microsoft had
         | the most AI knowledge via their own teams and via OpenAI. They
         | have enormous data centers for AI compute. They had the most
         | used code editor (Visual Studio Code). And still Cursor came in
         | and made a better product!
         | 
         | Jeff Bezos said "your margin is my opportunity". I think we can
         | say the same for bureaucracies. Whenever there is a
         | bureaucracy, think "your bureaucracy is my opportunity."
        
           | svara wrote:
           | Theory of the firm states that the corporation will get as
           | large as coordination costs allow, but the other way to view
           | that is that large corporations need to compensate for their
           | increased coordination costs in some way.
           | 
           | Empirically, they can often do that successfully, as
           | evidenced by the fact that large cloud providers are, indeed,
           | large.
           | 
           | But you correctly point out that over time this almost
           | guarantees opportunities for firms with lower coordination
           | costs.
        
           | OccamsMirror wrote:
           | > And still Cursor came in and made a better product!
           | 
           | On a long enough timeline Microsoft wins this battle. I don't
           | think you appreciate the inertia of market dominance and a
           | massive existing user base. They can simply copy features and
           | push them to millions of developers overnight. More likely,
           | Cursor either gets acquired or becomes a niche alternative
           | while VSCode maintains its dominance.
           | 
           | Competing with established players when you have zero moat is
           | always tough and I don't think Cursor are even close to
           | winning their category yet. Bureaucracies exist in large
           | companies precisely because they've grown successful enough
           | to need them. While they do create inefficiencies, they also
           | enable consistent execution at massive scale - something
           | startups often underestimate until they try to grow beyond
           | their initial niche. It may be slow, but they win by
           | outlasting, outspending or buying you.
           | 
           | However if you simply mean that Cursor can carve a niche
           | quick enough to become an attractive acquisition target then
           | I might concede that fact.
        
             | huijzer wrote:
             | > On a long enough timeline Microsoft wins this battle. I
             | don't think you appreciate the inertia of market dominance
             | and a massive existing user base.
             | 
             | So Cursor shouldn't even have tried? It is pointless what
             | they have achieved? That's what you're saying?
             | 
             | I disagree. Having people who know about your product and
             | have a positive experience with your product can be very
             | sticky. Coca Cola is a famous example. Also look at AWS.
             | Microsoft has many of the benefits you said. Microsoft has
             | scale, many existing relationships with customers, own much
             | of the related software, and many more benefits. Still, AWS
             | has a 31% market share while Azure has only a 20% market
             | share. The gap becomes more narrow each year, but it's
             | still not closed. There is definitely a huge benefit to
             | grabbing market share by having a superior product. Even
             | while you only temporarily have that.
             | 
             | You also talk about the economies of scale, but that was my
             | point. Even while Microsoft had all the economies of scale,
             | still Cursor came in and took a large part of the market!
        
               | HumanOstrich wrote:
               | Did you just speak for the parent commenter and then
               | disagree with yourself?
        
             | hammock wrote:
             | On a long enough timeline, Microsoft buys your company.
             | It's a win-win
        
           | skybrian wrote:
           | Is Cursor really better? I tried it briefly but bounced off.
           | I'm convinced that AI-assisted search and replace would be
           | quite nice sometimes, but not enough to switch.
           | 
           | Then again, I don't use most features in Cody, either. Basic
           | AI code completion seems good enough for me and the fancier
           | shortcuts don't stick.
        
             | jkmcf wrote:
             | As an original bouncer, and recent convert, I would
             | emphatically state that Cursor's AI for coding is much
             | better.
        
               | jasonjmcghee wrote:
               | I must be holding it wrong. It consistently gives me low
               | quality code / changes. I try it about once a month for a
               | handful of hours.
               | 
               | The code somtimes runs, which is a large improvement over
               | recent years, but generally doesn't do what it's supposed
               | to do.
               | 
               | And this is using claude 3.5, which works dramatically
               | better for me in a chat session where i give it exactly
               | what i want it to look at.
               | 
               | I just haven't found a way to be productive with it yet.
               | 
               | I've even tried the usual tricks of forcing it to write
               | comments about what it's attempting to do throughout the
               | code, but even then, fails.
        
         | nitwit005 wrote:
         | But, you're saying they did set deadlines, just that you feel
         | they were "expanded". The article is suggesting setting a
         | deadline is a fix by itself.
        
       | chaboud wrote:
       | I once had my boss at a new job sit me down, a couple of weeks
       | into the job, and tell me "Matt, we have a _pace_ that we work
       | at, and we need you to work at that pace... If leadership gets
       | the idea that we can deliver at a much faster pace, they 'll
       | expect it from us all the time." By the time I quit that job, I
       | was able to finish my whole week's work before lunch on Monday.
       | Then I'd just spend the rest of the time working on exploratory
       | projects to stay sharp. So I've seen the utterly pathological
       | version of Parkinson's law. However...
       | 
       | Shipping the wrong thing fast is just shipping the wrong thing,
       | and it's a natural impact of trying to squeeze blood from a
       | stone.
       | 
       | I often give something along the lines of this lecture:
       | 
       | You're trying to solve a $5M problem for $1M, so you're going to
       | push people to make poor choices that don't actually address your
       | problem, and it's going to end up costing $10M after they back up
       | the train and re-lay the tracks. In many cases, the "shortcuts"
       | that teams jump to end up being "longcuts" that drag the program
       | out due to being insufficient to address _all_ of the feature
       | requirements, unplanned due to rushing, etc.
        
         | anal_reactor wrote:
         | > Matt, we have a pace that we work at, and we need you to work
         | at that pace... If leadership gets the idea that we can deliver
         | at a much faster pace, they'll expect it from us all the time.
         | 
         | Work/life balance is a part of the compensation package. If you
         | suddenly start expecting your employees to work harder, the
         | most talented ones will simply jump ship, because from their
         | perspective, if they're already forced to spend long hours on
         | complex projects, why not at least do it for lots of money. So
         | the only people who stay will be hard-working ones, but less
         | skilled. Meanwhile, in a healthy company, you need a mix of
         | people willing to do demanding, yet simple work, and those who
         | rescue a dumpster fire of a project and then take five coffee
         | breaks.
        
           | jrochkind1 wrote:
           | On the other hand, if you expect your employees to produce
           | every week only what they can do in an afternoon and no more,
           | many of the most talented ones will also jump ship, because
           | they are motivated by accomplishing high-quality work.
           | 
           | It may have less to do with talent than motivation.
           | Motivations people can have at work (and many can and do have
           | a combination in different proportions) can include: making
           | as much money as possible; doing as little work as possible;
           | producing as high-quality work (in their own opinion) as
           | possible; recognition from others for contribution; social
           | relationships and/or being liked; learning new things and
           | developing new skills; being challenged; _not_ being
           | challenged; being part of a collaborative team working well
           | together _or_ being left alone to work independently; etc.
           | 
           | But I think few "most talented" people would last very long
           | at workplace GP described, where doing more than a half-day's
           | worth of work in a week was restrained.
        
             | keithalewis wrote:
             | This. Motivation is the key to getting employees to produce
             | over a period of time. Give the good ones the maximum
             | amount of ownership they can handle and they will set an
             | example for everyone else. Grow the talent over time.
             | 
             | Fire the whinny shit-talkers as soon as possible. They drag
             | everyone down.
        
             | WorldMaker wrote:
             | Intrinsic motivation can be better than extrinsic
             | motivation. Google won a lot of fans and dedicated
             | employees with its original version of 20% time that
             | encouraged people to find stuff they were highly motivated
             | to want to work on and could do so relatively safely in the
             | company's sandbox. It is possible this sort "everything the
             | company needs you to do can be done in one afternoon each
             | week" could be an incredible "80% time" company. There are
             | lots of people that would find "80% of my time at the
             | company is my own" to be quite motivating.
             | 
             | Of course, certainly not in the example scenario above
             | where one layer of management is effectively lying to
             | another layer. That's not a healthy "80% time" when it
             | involves duplicity and covert play acting.
             | 
             | But if you were feeling crazy enough to try to build an
             | overt "80% time" company you likely wouldn't have a hard
             | time finding some of the "most talented" people.
        
         | Wololooo wrote:
         | Yep.
         | 
         | A corollary of this is the following paper
         | 
         | https://web.mit.edu/nelsonr/www/Repenning=Sterman_CMR_su01_....
         | 
         | Basically stating the fact that people fail to see the value in
         | reinvestment of time and resources for improvement. Being Idle
         | is not a failure but a way to think and be ready if a period of
         | higher intensity comes. And it is healthy to have sometimes
         | more time for a menial task.
         | 
         | People get so crazy about the idea of optimization, but fail to
         | account for severe issues that arise when time is always
         | occupied by something, which seems to happen more and more
         | these days...
        
           | cjs_ac wrote:
           | Every system can be placed on a spectrum. One end of this
           | spectrum is _perfect efficiency_. The other end is _perfect
           | resilience_.
        
         | gcanyon wrote:
         | Geordi La Forge: Yeah, well, I told the Captain I'd have this
         | analysis done in an hour.
         | 
         | Scotty: How long will it really take?
         | 
         | Geordi La Forge: An hour!
         | 
         | Scotty: Oh, you didn't tell him how long it would 'really'
         | take, did ya?
         | 
         | Geordi La Forge: Well, of course I did.
         | 
         | Scotty: Oh, laddie. You've got a lot to learn if you want
         | people to think of you as a miracle worker.
        
           | ozim wrote:
           | Well inflating estimates has short lifespans and Scotty got
           | away because Kirk was a meathead.
           | 
           | I like Kirk was shoot first ask later unlike Picard but
           | Picard was always "oh 1 hour - make it in 30 mins" or "1 hour
           | - make it quick you have 15mins"
        
             | quink wrote:
             | No, it's because Kirk respected Scotty and gave him leeway.
             | 
             | Picard is the meathead, if anyone, and actually watching
             | all the episodes in detail and figuring out their
             | characters you'll realise that Kirk is twice the scholar
             | and then some Picard pretended to be, especially accounting
             | for the movies and later series. Kelvin timeline doesn't
             | count, of course.
             | 
             | Kirk >>> Picard.
        
               | ozim wrote:
               | Well I watched only series so far. Not movies.
               | 
               | For me it was looking like Kirk did knew he knows he
               | doesn't know stuff so he was meathead with ability to
               | defer and not control what he doesn't know.
               | 
               | Picard was more like he knows everything and had to
               | maintain this aura. But was on a different level of
               | sophistication that I value much.
               | 
               | Even though I love Kirk's gun blazing.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | Sandbagging is a superpower within reason under many
           | circumstances. Most people would _much_ prefer to get a
           | quality promised deliverable on time or a bit early even if
           | it 's a bit longer than they would have preferred in an ideal
           | world. (And, if they really do want to pull something in, you
           | sigh and say you'll do your best but no promises.) If
           | something _really_ has a hard aggressive deadline, OK maybe.
           | 
           | But usually it's a case of it will probably take me this long
           | to do a task. But there are some unknowables and someone I
           | might have to lean on could have a sick kid for a couple
           | days. Generally, everyone is happier if you underpromise and
           | overdeliver including you.
           | 
           | An engineering manager I used to work with would drive me
           | crazy because he had this idea of 90% schedules he got from
           | somewhere. Which basically meant there was a 90% chance of
           | meeting the schedule _if nothing went wrong._ (Which
           | naturally mostly never happened.)
        
         | Supermancho wrote:
         | > You're trying to solve a $5M problem for $1M, so you're going
         | to push people to make poor choices that don't actually address
         | your problem
         | 
         | ...you push people to only solve the actual problem.
         | 
         | This is a very strange take to enshrine as advice. If you try
         | to solve a 50$ problem for $5k you're out ~$5k and the next
         | project will cost $7k
        
       | swah wrote:
       | I think people in this thread are imagining two different
       | scenarios: a high-pressure environment with deadlines that are
       | consistently 50% shorter than what's actually needed throughout
       | the year, leading to burnout... versus setting a desired
       | completion date for your tasks as a personal challenge to keep
       | things moving and avoid analysis paralysis. It's more like a
       | rally driver setting a target to stay focused and push forward.
        
       | philmcp wrote:
       | In some ways, the "5 day work week" is a deadline - things need
       | to get done before Friday.
       | 
       | This "deadline" is a forcing function for output.
       | 
       | But do you know what's a better deadline?
       | 
       | The 4 day work week.
       | 
       | It may seem silly - but artificially making the workweek shorter,
       | makes us work faster.
       | 
       | It's Parkinson's Law in action.
        
         | CamouflagedKiwi wrote:
         | By this argument, do you not then reduce it to a 3 day week,
         | forcing them to work faster again? Then to 2 days?
        
           | John23832 wrote:
           | No. You can only reduce a timeline to the point where it cant
           | be effectively reached. A timeline that is guaranteed to be
           | missed is no longer a timeline. It's an arbitrary point in
           | time with no real meaning in relation to the work at hand.
        
             | tpoacher wrote:
             | I get the point you're trying to make, but in the
             | fictitious scenario you're making, if everything, I mean
             | absolutely everything, is done in 4 days and you're just
             | spending the 5th doing nothing, this isn't Parkinson's law
             | at play, this is just inefficiency.
             | 
             | The idea that something that could be done in 5 could also
             | be done in 4 is less about 'wasting time', but about
             | 'aggressive prioritisation' (which may or may not involve
             | corner cutting).
             | 
             | And even in the case where there is no corner cutting, I
             | think it's a mistake to think that the work going into
             | prioritisation has no cost or overhead, or that this is
             | scalable for months to come.
             | 
             | At a personal level, I find that if I push myself to finish
             | something "more efficiently" because of a deadline (most of
             | which are typically arbitrary rather than organic), this
             | has a backlash effect on my ability to do things
             | efficiently in the projects after. I would imagine a
             | similar risk exists at the organizational level.
        
               | antisthenes wrote:
               | > but in the fictitious scenario you're making, if
               | everything, I mean absolutely everything, is done in 4
               | days and you're just spending the 5th doing nothing, this
               | isn't Parkinson's law at play, this is just inefficiency.
               | 
               | "Absolutely everything" can never be done, because you
               | have things like unknown unknowns. Things that reveal
               | themselves further on in the project and are almost
               | impossible to anticipate.
               | 
               | Alternatively, things like "improving documentation" can
               | also be done nearly in perpetuity. There are always more
               | use cases, caveats and scenarios to describe or examples
               | or onboarding materials to refine for future newcomers.
               | 
               | These are the less-critical things that should be done on
               | a Friday at the pace of the person who is performing
               | them.
        
           | tpoacher wrote:
           | Reminds me of the Dilbert quote:
           | 
           | > I have infinite capacity for more work, as long as you are
           | happy with the quality of the work approaching zero.
        
           | commandlinefan wrote:
           | "... unless, of course, somebody comes up with six minute
           | abs, then you're in trouble, huh?"
        
       | shahzaibmushtaq wrote:
       | Once I had a paid game project from a third party (who was a
       | friend of my friend) who actually had the client. Either they
       | gave me a 2-month deadline or I gave them one to complete the
       | project, I don't remember it correctly.
       | 
       | I knew I could deliver it in 2 weeks or less, so I got busy doing
       | other projects.
       | 
       | Long story short, client ran away because I didn't communicate
       | with the third party the whole time through my friend (who I kept
       | it in the dark) and delivered the first playable version not
       | according to the exact requirements (how could I because it was
       | not the final version).
       | 
       | I never heard/read about Parkinson's law at that time, I now
       | understand I was just filling my available time with other stuff.
        
       | anodari wrote:
       | In theory, it works, but the issue is that creative work is
       | inherently never finished.
        
         | karles wrote:
         | That's why you should probably never expect "perfect" from the
         | finished product but rather a "iteration x" instead.
         | 
         | The articles adresses scope creep. You were asked for a
         | drawing, but ended up with a cartoon "because they process just
         | took me down that road". The deadline is helpful is limiting
         | what the first/second/x'th iteration can be expected to do.
        
       | exe34 wrote:
       | > "A canonical example of this is sending round a survey that can
       | be filled in whenever versus one that needs to be filled in by
       | tomorrow:"
       | 
       | in my experience, setting a short deadline just means a handful
       | of people will reply, the interviewer will extend the deadline
       | and now in the future everybody knows the deadline will be
       | extended anyway, so they don't bother taking your false emergency
       | very seriously.
        
       | geraldwhen wrote:
       | Deadlines are hard to talk about when you have radically
       | differently skilled developers.
       | 
       | Sure, it may take some on the team a half hour to do some work,
       | but for others, it will take two weeks.
       | 
       | You hope that over time everyone improves, but that's just not
       | what happens in reality with bad eggs.
        
         | nis0s wrote:
         | > Sure, it may take some on the team a half hour to do some
         | work, but for others, it will take two weeks.
         | 
         | That seems like an egregious difference, and I don't think
         | should be mentioned in such an off hand manner. Why doesn't
         | your team train people?
         | 
         | FYI, training doesn't need to be hands-on, I think it's often
         | better to give employees education/training budgets. Technical
         | team leads should be able to identify someone's gaps, and make
         | recommendations.
         | 
         | Or maybe it's better to let someone go instead of wasting their
         | time in a no-growth environment.
        
           | geraldwhen wrote:
           | You can lead a horse to water, but that's it.
           | 
           | And firing is politically impossible where I am. If someone
           | chooses not to improve, or simply does not, there are no
           | repercussions.
        
           | noprocrasted wrote:
           | > Why doesn't your team train people?
           | 
           | It's not a matter of training, it's a matter of lack of
           | rewards and mismatched incentives. The reward for good work
           | is generally more work and a "token" raise at best that is
           | never proportional with the value you added.
           | 
           | The market has converged on a baseline of what is typically
           | expected out of a given role. Now sure, we can argue (and I
           | personally agree) that said baseline has become absolutely
           | terrible, but we shouldn't blame the people for that.
           | 
           | If your objective is to be an employee and engineering is
           | purely a means to an end (to earn a salary as said employee),
           | then delivering the baseline and getting the baseline salary
           | is all you need to do. Any effort beyond that is a waste of
           | time that can rather be spent on hobbies/family/etc because
           | it will _not_ be adequately rewarded.
           | 
           | It only makes sense to go beyond the baseline if you want to
           | learn and have a plausible way to monetize that extra
           | experience (outside of this current job). If you want to
           | build your own product, do consulting, etc.
        
         | Falimonda wrote:
         | The solution is to let developers lead the conversation about
         | estimates instead of management pulling deadlines out of thin
         | air.
         | 
         | If the developers can't agree on an estimate it typically means
         | that the requirements are unclear or misunderstood, or some of
         | the developers are better equipped for the work.
        
           | geraldwhen wrote:
           | I'm saying among the X developers doing the work, the skill
           | gap is so large that estimate must shift an order of
           | magnitude.
        
       | scioto wrote:
       | I had a somewhat repugnant second-level boss whose philosophy was
       | to give people a little more work than they thought they could do
       | to get the best performance out of them, and I believe he was
       | right since, at least for me, I worked harder to make the earlier
       | deadline and/or did more than I thought I could. He must have
       | known Parkinson's.
       | 
       | That only went so far, since piling yet more work onto someone
       | who made an earlier deadline may get them to the point where they
       | don't perform.
       | 
       | Which is why I appreciated a not-for-profit company where they'd
       | actually ask me if I needed more time, since quality was of
       | utmost importance. At that point at that company I knew the
       | codebase, so I'd consistently over-estimate and deliver early,
       | since there was still a chance of hidden impacts/requirements.
        
       | satisfice wrote:
       | I use Parkinson's Law to get less done. Because productivity is a
       | disease, not a virtue.
        
       | bravetraveler wrote:
       | Let me introduce you to my friends bikeshedding and sandbagging
        
       | cushychicken wrote:
       | I saw a great one slide corollary to this from a government
       | program manager meeting once - basically, shorter time to first
       | prototype drastically decreases overall program cost.
       | 
       | I think a lot of this has to do with giving the customer less
       | time in which to change their mind.
       | 
       | Tangentially related to op - but, an interesting tangent
       | nonetheless.
        
       | whatever1 wrote:
       | You can push only for so long before you burn out your team.
       | 
       | Sure they can skip meals, work crazy hours to meet your arbitrary
       | tight deadlines. But this is a time ticking bomb.
        
       | cubefox wrote:
       | Most university students who have to finish assignments know that
       | deadlines are indeed a blessing. Motivating yourself without a
       | deadline is a rare gift that most of us do not possess.
        
       | techdmn wrote:
       | Different people are motivated by different things. Some people
       | are motivated by pressure. Some people are motivated by rewards.
       | Some people are motivated by solving problems. The trouble is, if
       | you blanket apply a strategy that some people find motivating,
       | you risk under-motivating and even demotivating people who are
       | motivated by different things.
       | 
       | Personally I am motivated by solving problems, which strongly
       | implies shipping working solutions. I find artificial deadlines,
       | theatrical recognition ceremonies or financial rewards that
       | amount to a rounding error on my compensation to be
       | _demotivating_. Everybody is different.
        
       | tpoacher wrote:
       | I think this article misses the mark about deadlines.
       | 
       | The main problem with deadlines isn't that they're "poorly
       | applied". It's that typically they reflect other people's
       | priorities, which don't align with yours.
       | 
       | If the deadlines completely match your most efficient
       | prioritisation scheme, then they will work, but you don't need
       | the deadlines in the first place (unless you're lazy, but this is
       | not what we're talking about; when we talk about Parkinson's law
       | and inefficiencies we assume good-will from the outset). As soon
       | as you introduce a deadline, you're basically introducing a
       | change in the distribution of your work, which may lessen one
       | particular item of work, but overall increases the Shannon
       | entropy of your work distribution.
       | 
       | Consider the following. You have guests arriving in 1 hour. You
       | need to clean (45 minutes) and cook (15 minutes preparation time,
       | and 45 minutes roasting in the oven). If left to your own
       | devices, you'll start with food preparation, and then use the
       | baking time to clean. Bang, you've made the deadline.
       | 
       | The problem comes when your wife demands the house be cleaned
       | first. Congrats. You've just made your guests wait 45 minutes for
       | food.
       | 
       | Most externally imposed deadlines have the same effect. They
       | ensure the 'cleaning' is done way faster, and completely
       | disregard the spillover this causes. Typically because they may
       | not even care about the other tasks in the first place; except in
       | the sense that they care about the next deadline they set to you
       | getting missed because you were dealing with previous spillover
       | (which they don't care about).
       | 
       | Paradoxically, this makes people set stricter and stricter
       | deadlines, in order to get people to work "faster". Which of
       | course only causes more spillover and makes things grind to a
       | halt instead.
        
         | MichaelZuo wrote:
         | This seems like a tautology.
         | 
         | By definition most people are unable to grasp the true
         | priorities of everyone else sitting around the table after
         | adjusting for all confounding variables such as the correct
         | time order.
         | 
         | Edit: And certainly not within say a half hour meeting once per
         | week.
         | 
         | Because they're all roughly equivalently intelligent.
         | 
         | i.e. In say a committe of ten, it's very atypical for there to
         | be 1 literal genius, as the committee chairman, and 9
         | unsophisticated and easily predictable members around the
         | table.
         | 
         | Such that the chairman can correctly predict this or that, for
         | any of the 9 other members...
        
         | tpoacher wrote:
         | If anyone's interested, here's my comparison of productivity
         | with the Ideal Gas law I've written about here before:
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30000296
         | 
         | It gives a contrary perspective to this Parkinson's law
         | interpretation, which I think is vastly oversimplified from the
         | intent of the original quote.
        
       | 0xFEE1DEAD wrote:
       | The author misses something crucial - for this to work the the
       | right environment must be established first. Without a supportive
       | and healthy culture, tight deadlines can do more harm than good.
       | 
       | To succeed, teams need an environment where:
       | 
       | - Mistakes are seen as opportunities to learn, not as reasons for
       | punishment. This fosters confidence and creativity.
       | 
       | - People feel recognized and valued, rather than being treated as
       | just another cog in the machine.
       | 
       | - Management is transparent about goals and decisions, building
       | trust and aligning the team's efforts with a shared vision.
       | 
       | Equally important:
       | 
       | After periods of intense deadlines teams need time to:
       | 
       | - Fix hasty decisions made under pressure.
       | 
       | - Reduce technical debt.
       | 
       | - Explore and experiment with new tools or technologies to
       | improve their skills and boost morale.
       | 
       | Without this foundational culture implementing the author's ideas
       | risks creating a toxic work environment.
       | 
       | Tight deadlines in the wrong setting can lead to:
       | 
       | - Extreme stress and burnout, resulting in slower progress or
       | higher turnover.
       | 
       | - Decision paralysis, or as I like to call it "team freeze".
       | Especially if people lack confidence in their abilities or fear
       | making mistakes.
       | 
       | - Fragmented collaboration, where rushed individual contributions
       | fail to integrate into a cohesive whole.
       | 
       | - Misaligned priorities, particularly if management operates from
       | an "ivory tower" and imposes deadlines that seem arbitrary or
       | disconnected from reality. This can create uncertainty. Worst
       | case this may create rumors about financial instability,
       | distracting teams from their work.
       | 
       | - A loss of individual potential, as workers who feel
       | unrecognized are less likely to go above and beyond or contribute
       | unique ideas.
       | 
       | Additionally, if deadlines become the norm without breaks teams
       | lose their drive and motivation. The pressure of constantly
       | sprinting leads to diminishing returns while unresolved technical
       | debt creates long term pain points in the software. Over time
       | this can result in teams feeling like they're digging themselves
       | into a hole with no opportunity to climb out.
        
       | palata wrote:
       | I am not completely convinced. The biggest problem is that if you
       | teach "Parkinson's Law is real" to managers, they will have a
       | tendency to set unreasonable deadlines and it will hurt
       | everybody.
       | 
       | Of course, saying "we don't really care, we can release in 10
       | years" is on the other end of the spectrum.
       | 
       | The thing is, it's _absolutely not true_ that developers
       | fundamentally don 't care about their work being released. If
       | they don't give a shit, I would argue that it's a company
       | problem, not a lack of deadline. Because if you set extreme
       | deadlines and your developers don't give a shit, they will just
       | produce crap to meet the deadline.
       | 
       | Management is not about tricking your minions into working more.
       | It's about making sure that your employees do give a shit. All
       | the developers I know (myself included) are happier to provide a
       | good product to clients than to never release anything or release
       | crap. But if you put me in a situation where I don't give a shit
       | anymore, and we end up in an adversarial scenario: I will
       | manipulate my manager to protect myself. I will optimise for my
       | own sanity (it includes keeping my job and not burning out). And
       | I am pretty sure that managers don't like this idea, but I would
       | complete TFA by saying: "manipulating your manager is real, so
       | use it (if necessary)".
        
       | mcphage wrote:
       | There's a quote which I wish I knew the source, to the effect of
       | "To accomplish great things, take smart people, and give them not
       | quite enough time". Basically forcing them to come up with
       | something clever to accomplish your goal in less time than
       | expected.
        
       | WalterBright wrote:
       | C Northcote Parkinson wrote more books on how economics works.
       | They're well worth reading.
       | 
       | https://www.amazon.com/Parkinsons-Law-C-Northcote-Parkinson/...
       | 
       | https://www.amazon.com/Law-Profits-Cyril-Northcote-Parkinson...
       | 
       | In-Laws & Outlaws (not on Amazon)
        
         | B1FF_PSUVM wrote:
         | My favorite is the Plans and Plants essay - perfect
         | headquarters are followed by the demise of the organization.
         | (Been there, too - took about two years.)
        
       | JohnMakin wrote:
       | I love parkinson's law because it was one of the first things I
       | learned pretty soon out of college in a hybrid role as
       | developer/PM in an extremely small startup, that was tasked with
       | implementing "scrum" (Didn't yet know what that was outside of a
       | few SE courses I had taken). I realized very quickly that no
       | matter what I set sprint cycle length to be, about the same
       | amount of work got done and at about the same quality. We started
       | at 3 weeks and ended up at 1.
        
         | n4r9 wrote:
         | You did 1 week sprints? With retros and planning sessions every
         | week?
        
           | JohnMakin wrote:
           | Informally, yea. Wasn't usually a lot to go over when it was
           | short cycles with that particular team.
        
       | matt_s wrote:
       | The article is absurd. If work doesn't have a deadline, creating
       | arbitrary ones for the sake of having a deadline doesn't make the
       | output have higher quality, less risk, etc. It just means you
       | "hit a deadline". Its frustrating even more so when you end up
       | shipping features that a year later you find out were never used,
       | but you "hit the deadline" so its a "success".
        
       | aeternum wrote:
       | In my experience this isn't as real as people think. More often
       | than not, more resources increase scope which increases time.
       | 
       | Cutting all three too often results in things being delivered
       | faster.
        
       | hcarvalhoalves wrote:
       | My issue with this kind of piece: a lot of words like
       | "sometimes", "often", "really", "exact", and zero data.
        
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