[HN Gopher] U.S. math scores drop on major international test
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       U.S. math scores drop on major international test
        
       Author : akantler
       Score  : 124 points
       Date   : 2024-12-10 17:24 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.chalkbeat.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.chalkbeat.org)
        
       | josefritzishere wrote:
       | The article seems to be pushing a Covid-causation narrative
       | without any evidence. Covid was a global pandemic, the claim that
       | it somehow dissproportionately affected the US requires evidence.
        
         | addicted232 wrote:
         | And that's even sillier considering the strictest parts of the
         | US had much more lax regulations than much of the rest of the
         | world.
        
         | dyauspitr wrote:
         | It seems like there was a drop across the board for the most
         | part though.
        
         | micromacrofoot wrote:
         | We're in the top 10 for international death rates related to
         | covid so "disproportionately affected" isn't without some
         | evidence
        
           | zug_zug wrote:
           | Probably only because we reported it better.
        
             | micromacrofoot wrote:
             | it's not, it's been years since, it's not a mystery
        
               | zug_zug wrote:
               | I don't think you understand. USA had exponentially
               | higher reported deaths because we tested probably 10 to
               | 100x as much as your average country.
        
               | micromacrofoot wrote:
               | I understand very well, you're spreading common
               | misinformation that was debunked years ago.
               | 
               | When we look at the _overall death rate_ during the
               | pandemic (i.e., completely disregarding covid tests), it
               | 's still true that the US had a much higher increase in
               | deaths than most of the world.
               | 
               | Even if you limit this to places where reporting is
               | fairly accurate (the first world, or even just rich
               | European countries), it's still true.
               | 
               | The "because we tested more" line is complete nonsense,
               | we can literally count the people missing and end up with
               | a very similar result.
        
         | honkycat wrote:
         | other countries did social distancing and got it out of the way
         | much faster. We drug it out for years due to incompetence.
        
         | ACow_Adonis wrote:
         | Literally the article:
         | 
         | "The extent of the decline seems to be driven by the lowest
         | performing students losing more ground, a worrying trend that
         | predates the pandemic."
         | 
         | "The TIMSS results echoed the 2022 findings of the National
         | Assessment of Educational Progress or NAEP, which saw major
         | declines in math scores among both fourth and eighth graders.
         | American students' scores actually started to decline before
         | the pandemic for reasons that are not entirely clear."
         | 
         | "This gap between high- and low-performing students started to
         | widen before the pandemic for reasons that are unclear. Since
         | then, other research into post-pandemic academic performance
         | has found widening gaps across race and income, even as many
         | middle and higher income students are doing well."
         | 
         | Hacker News commenter:
         | 
         | "The article seems to be pushing a Covid-causation narrative
         | without any evidence."
        
       | PittleyDunkin wrote:
       | I'm much more worried about literacy, frankly. Understanding
       | numbers is quite important but this understanding doesn't mean
       | much if you can't interpret their meaning in context.
       | 
       | I live in an extremely poor city and I would estimate about half
       | the adults I interact with cannot read, write, or articulate
       | anywhere near the level you'd expect from the high school I went
       | to twenty years ago. And I believe the problem is getting _much,
       | much_ worse with the rise of youtube and the collapse of diction
       | into a shared set of social-media memes--if you can 't express
       | yourself through those memes, you may not be able to communicate
       | well at all.
       | 
       | Some portion of this can be written off to being a very
       | attractive immigration target for those, like most, who don't
       | speak english as their native language. I don't want to entirely
       | write this off to a money/social/government/education problem--
       | it's more complicated than any single narrative can convey. But I
       | am firmly convinced we are looking at decades of literacy
       | continuing to fall. If we can't figure out a way to collectively
       | parent each other and resolve this, I can't imagine this is going
       | to result in the kind of social and economic stability most
       | people generally desire.
        
         | ksymph wrote:
         | To play devil's advocate: why does it matter? The purpose of
         | language is communication, so it could be argued that if people
         | feel they're able to understand and be understood sufficiently,
         | classic ideas of literacy aren't really a useful metric. I
         | suppose what modern language usage lacks in depth it makes up
         | for in brevity and clarity, which seems like a natural
         | correction to the low signal to noise ratio of a heavily
         | interconnected world.
         | 
         | Edit - I don't mean to challenge the value of literacy so much
         | as speculate whether falling test scores necessarily indicate
         | the loss of that value. Language, how it's used, and how
         | changes spread are all very different in the information age.
         | How do we know traditional literacy tests accurately measure
         | the role it plays in people's lives now?
         | 
         | As an example, written communication used to primarily take the
         | form of writing letters. With instant communication, ability to
         | put thoughts into words quickly has a higher relative impact on
         | communication compared to being able to spend as much time as
         | needed to find the perfect words to convey a message.
        
           | axus wrote:
           | "Don't you see that the whole aim of Newspeak is to narrow
           | the range of thought? In the end we shall make thought-crime
           | literally impossible, because there will be no words in which
           | to express it. Every concept that can ever be needed will be
           | expressed by exactly one word, with its meaning rigidly
           | defined and all its subsidiary meanings rubbed out and
           | forgotten. . . . The process will still be continuing long
           | after you and I are dead. Every year fewer and fewer words,
           | and the range of consciousness always a little smaller. Even
           | now, of course, there's no reason or excuse for committing
           | thought-crime. It's merely a question of self-discipline,
           | reality-control. But in the end there won't be any need even
           | for that. . . . Has it ever occurred to you, Winston, that by
           | the year 2050, at the very latest, not a single human being
           | will be alive who could understand such a conversation as we
           | are having now?"
        
           | micromacrofoot wrote:
           | the bar of being a productive member of society is much
           | higher than "sufficient communication" (which I would argue
           | the illiterate aren't capable of anyway)
        
           | recursive wrote:
           | > they're able to understand and be understood sufficiently
           | 
           | Communication isn't all or nothing. The more expressive power
           | you have, the wider the scope of ideas you can communicate.
           | It may be minimally sufficient to be able to communicate "me
           | hungry" or "that crazy", but more is probably still better.
        
             | robbiewxyz wrote:
             | To add to this, expressive power also makes it possible to
             | communicate nuance and discuss biases and fallacies.
        
           | Pigalowda wrote:
           | It matters because of entropy. How many people can society
           | carry before it suddenly can't? Civilization doesn't persist
           | from inertia.
        
           | robbiewxyz wrote:
           | > The purpose of language is communication
           | 
           | It isn't this simple. Literacy plays an important role in
           | information assessment and in decision making. It's strongly
           | associated with health, success in personal finances and
           | career path, and relationship satisfaction, to name just a
           | few areas that have published papers readily accessible
           | online.
           | 
           | To get a look at the ugly side of this, high demand religious
           | groups are a fascinating case study. Constant circulation of
           | repetitive cliches is a key mechanism for isolating their
           | members and making them easier to manipulate.
        
           | PittleyDunkin wrote:
           | I should have made my point clearer that I believe low
           | literacy rates hurt your ability to articulate yourself and
           | to understand others and even engage in basic reasoning well
           | outside the written word, and that this is (often)
           | detrimental to your ability to navigate the world. I
           | certainly enjoy engaging in memes and jargon and slang too--
           | in fact it's a great joy in life to find new words and
           | manners of expression and to look beyond what worked
           | yesterday--and much of this _is_ just as expressive as formal
           | or classically-analytical english, if not more so given the
           | baggage words tend to acquire over time. But that 's not what
           | I was referring to at all.
        
             | ksymph wrote:
             | I should have made my point/question clearer too; I agree
             | that literacy is valuable for all the reasons you outline.
             | 
             | Tests are only as useful as what they measure. The
             | qualitative changes to communication _could_ have impacted
             | the quantitative changes we 're seeing (i.e. lower literacy
             | rates). How much, in what ways, I have no idea; I was
             | hoping to learn more by sparking discussion.
             | 
             | Unfortunately (and ironically) my poor choice of words has
             | instead led to my apparent taking of an anti-literacy
             | stance. Oh well.
        
         | BobaFloutist wrote:
         | Public schools have been teaching "cueing" instead of phonics
         | for a couple of decades, despite research showing that
         | it...makes kids worse readers. This is finally changing.
         | https://www.apmreports.org/episode/2019/08/22/whats-wrong-ho...
        
           | bushbaba wrote:
           | Public Schools near me in SF Bay area are more focused on
           | political ideology than improving kids ability to attain
           | Literary, Math, and Science education. There is a push for
           | Equity over Achievement, by bringing the top performers down
           | to raise the bottom. However the top performers have left for
           | private school, and Public institutions declined. It's a
           | downward spiral. There's hope it'll change either through
           | full dissolution of the public institution (voucher programs)
           | or through the dissolution of such "equity at all cost"
           | political ideology.
        
             | prisenco wrote:
             | This situation, where it is true at all, is a vanishingly
             | small minority when accounting for these across-the-board
             | downward shifts in national data. Oppose it locally if you
             | wish but extrapolating your local situation to a national
             | level doesn't hold up.
             | 
             | Whereas at least 75% of elementary students nationwide are
             | learning cueing, so starting there makes more sense.
        
           | HDThoreaun wrote:
           | This was basically only in NYC from my understanding.
           | Everyone Ive asked learned via phonics
        
           | kvmet wrote:
           | Phonics certainly doesn't _feel_ like the best way to teach
           | English, but hopefully we now have enough data to show that
           | it is at least acceptable. A big factor too is "can it be
           | taught at scale". You don't only have to teach the students,
           | you have to teach the teachers how to teach the new methods.
           | Much like NCLB, these changes are well-meaning but we really
           | need to stop rolling things out nationally only to find out
           | they harm outcomes.
        
             | zozbot234 wrote:
             | > Phonics certainly doesn't _feel_ like the best way to
             | teach English
             | 
             | Phonics is not about "teaching English" in some fuzzy
             | generic sense, it's specifically aimed towards teaching
             | English _written orthography_ , starting from its
             | phonetics. I.e. teaching fluent _speakers_ of English to
             | read.
        
             | anon291 wrote:
             | Why doesn't phonics _feel_ like the best way to teach
             | English? This is a minority opinion I would think.
        
         | tootie wrote:
         | Exhibit A: https://www.economist.com/finance-and-
         | economics/2024/12/10/a...
         | 
         | It's a nearly global trend that literacy and numeracy are
         | decreasing and not just in students, but in adults. I can only
         | wave my hands and say "pandemic" otherwise I have no clue
         | what's going on.
        
         | manquer wrote:
         | Ability to read does not correlate interest to read or more
         | importantly ability to understand
         | 
         | Why is literacy important ? I don't think it is important at
         | all.
         | 
         | it is overrated today, it was far more important in the days
         | when mass communication was largely written. It is not longer
         | the case, cost and ease of video and audio publishing is
         | extremely cheap.
         | 
         | The issues in written communication are beyond production cost
         | of writing, there are limits what can be described and how
         | difficult it is do so for a large audience to understand, there
         | is a reason why good authors historically were very
         | influential.
         | 
         | It is also more volume limited than say even speech/audio, you
         | can say lot more with lot more meaning(using non verbal and non
         | lingual sounds) in the same time it takes to read.
         | 
         | Don't get me wrong, it is a wonderful format, but is no
         | different than painting versus photography and now animation,
         | you can do great art by working with the limits of the medium,
         | but it depends on the consumer to use his "imagination" to
         | understand. Just as paintings were actual tools of
         | communication in a bygone era and are art today and can be
         | appreciated as such so is written communication, it is not
         | essential mass communication tool that people need to really
         | learn anymore.
         | 
         | ---
         | 
         | It is far important to be able to critically think for yourself
         | and question the information presented to you and be able to
         | understand the mathematics needed to do the above and navigate
         | life.
         | 
         | The need for widespread literacy is relatively new, of only few
         | hundred, and was result of drop in the cost of written
         | publishing which made it the most popular form of mass
         | communications. More effective means of communication including
         | speech and video have become cheaper and becoming even more
         | cheaper with AI.
         | 
         | ---
         | 
         | This association of intelligence or critical thinking skills to
         | literacy is flawed and frankly elitist it is merely a function
         | of schooling.
         | 
         | I grew up in a country where literacy is a still a problem
         | particularly amongst older generation not because they didn't
         | learn properly in school because they didn't ever go to one.
         | 
         | I know just as many smart thinkers, world aware, inventors who
         | are illiterate as I know dumb, idiotic literates. The country
         | is larger, poorer than America yet has more robust political
         | process that is diverse, with more involved electorate even if
         | what the people want is at times authoritarian , there is no
         | denying the robustness of democracy itself.
         | 
         | The difference is the uneducated would likely picked up
         | literacy if they had the opportunity, what we have in America
         | is people failing to learn despite given the opportunity to do.
         | 
         | The issue is deeper than literacy as a skill, it is a poor
         | proxy for other skills actually needed in life and becomes more
         | weakly correlated in the future .
        
           | anon291 wrote:
           | > Ability to read does not correlate interest to read or more
           | importantly ability to understand
           | 
           | It may not correlate, but it does _condition_.
           | 
           | That is to say, one can have 100% interest in reading, but if
           | you can only read 1% of published works, you will be just as
           | good as someone who is a perfect reader but only 1%
           | interested in reading.
           | 
           | Similarly, with comprehension.
           | 
           | Reading well is necessary to be interested enough to read
           | more and to comprehend.
        
       | slt2021 wrote:
       | this is because of Youtube and kids screen time.
       | 
       | Tablets/Phones/screen time disables cognitive abilities of kids
       | and reduces them to dumb clicking machines.
       | 
       | Schools were doing pretty lousy job before proliferation of
       | screens, and I have little hope they can do anything better. The
       | recent dumbing down the math curriculum is just a last straw to
       | keep students not failing on paper.
       | 
       | check movements like Wait Until 8th https://www.waituntil8th.org/
       | if you want to learn more
        
         | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
         | Yes, but only because the people in control of the screen are
         | paid to reduce the user to a dumb clicking machine.
         | 
         | Blaming the screen distracts from the fact that this is by
         | design, and fixing it means rethinking the incentives of that
         | designer.
        
           | slt2021 wrote:
           | Screen time is basically Tobacco of the 21st century
        
             | jb1991 wrote:
             | More like crack cocaine.
        
               | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
               | I'd say tobacco is more insidious.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | Or maybe like Dungeons and Dragons, Rock and Roll, Harry
               | Potter and other things parents got hysterical about but
               | turned out to not actually lead us into evil. The jury
               | seems to be still out. We don't really know yet if
               | "screens" are bad, but that hasn't stopped a lot of
               | people from pointing their fingers at them.
        
               | Tade0 wrote:
               | What we know about screens so far is that they're the
               | perfect distraction and put processing of emotions on
               | hold. That in turn creates a backlog which, as it grows,
               | makes the person increasingly miserable.
               | 
               | Personally I use the amount of screen time as an
               | indicator of how bad I'm doing mentally at the moment.
               | 
               | And therein lies the crux of the issue: we optimised
               | ourselves out of downtime which traditionally allowed us
               | to deal with emotions. Screens are just a side effect.
        
             | nostrademons wrote:
             | Nah, screen time is the video games (1980s) of the 21st
             | century, or the TV (1960s), or the radio (1930s), or the
             | gin (1800s).
             | 
             | I'm on mobile now, but if I were on desktop I'd dig up Clay
             | Shirky's essay on gin and the Industrial Revolution. There
             | has _always_ been a moral panic about new forms of
             | entertainment and time-wasting, because people look at
             | these diversions and think "Why don't people use all that
             | time to benefit society (ie me)?" That's just a refusal to
             | admit that people don't have any obligation to you or
             | larger society, and fundamentally are out to make
             | themselves feel good.
        
               | ajsnigrutin wrote:
               | Let's be fair, replacing involved parenting with any of
               | those is bad and was bad in the past.
        
         | micromacrofoot wrote:
         | a contributing factor for sure... but this is a lot more
         | complicated than a single factor, and is an endemic problem to
         | the whole of american society
         | 
         | I'll also point out that whats additionally concerning is that
         | parent's behaviors regarding smartphones can be even worse, at
         | least kids aren't regularly operating heavy machinery.
        
         | WillAdams wrote:
         | Yes, but what if the kids instead did:
         | 
         | https://www.khanacademy.org/
         | 
         | or spent time watching:
         | 
         | https://ocw.mit.edu/
         | 
         | or used their screens to read and experiment with:
         | 
         | https://mathcs.clarku.edu/~djoyce/java/elements/elements.htm...
         | 
         | or
         | 
         | https://www.motionmountain.net/
         | 
         | or even:
         | 
         | https://apps.apple.com/us/app/the-elements-by-theodore-gray/...
         | 
         | Or at a younger level:
         | 
         | https://wanderfulstorybooks.com/products
        
           | bunderbunder wrote:
           | I haven't followed up in a while, but last I did the research
           | indicates that digital media generally underperform good old-
           | fashioned print books in terms of learning outcomes.
           | 
           | They're certainly more enjoyable and easier to breeze
           | through, which is a large factor behind their popularity. But
           | I suspect that that might also be why they're less good for
           | learning. Cognitive load is an important factor in forming
           | strong memories of things you're studying, and optimal levels
           | of cognitive load are inherently uncomfortable.
        
             | WillAdams wrote:
             | Yeah, but I grew up in a rural county in Virginia where
             | when we first moved there, the county library was a carrel
             | of used paperbacks in the basement of the old courthouse
             | --- some sort of book, even if on a screen should be way
             | better than no book.
             | 
             | How do e-ink e-book readers fare? I do pretty well reading
             | every evening on my Kindle Paperwhite, and have a fair
             | quantity of notes on my Kindle Scribe, as well as using it
             | for reference for technical subjects.
             | 
             | Whatever happened with "One Laptop Per Child"? Apparently
             | it's now an Android tablet?
             | 
             | https://www.fastcompany.com/section/one-laptop-per-child
        
               | slt2021 wrote:
               | Kindle for kids is the best purchase you can make.
               | 
               | I either buy kindle unlimited subscription or find
               | pirated epub
        
               | WillAdams wrote:
               | Why not Project Gutenberg?
        
               | slt2021 wrote:
               | thank you, didnt know about it
        
               | WillAdams wrote:
               | Project Gutenberg and the matching audiobook effort at
               | Librivox are two of the best things on the internet (and
               | I say that as a person who struggled to get corrections
               | accepted by PG, but fortunately, Michael S. Hart, the
               | founder intervened).
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | >Whatever happened with "One Laptop Per Child"?
               | Apparently it's now an Android tablet?
               | 
               | It was a pretty huge failure. They couldn't produce a
               | laptop as cheap as they initially wanted, power
               | infrastructure to recharge them was just not there, and
               | most importantly, the prime belief of "just give everyone
               | a computer and education will magically improve" of
               | technologists has not born out at all.
               | 
               | The vast majority of "technology" that got injected into
               | classrooms has had zero impact. Your average teacher is
               | not given the time, material, money, or experience to
               | leverage the technology in a way that multiplies their
               | ability to educate.
               | 
               | My mother is a renowned teacher in the state, since about
               | the late 80s, and lived through both the proliferation of
               | technology in education in general, and specifically the
               | "MLTI" program that gave every single Maine middle school
               | student a personal iBook laptop to use. In the 80s, she
               | learned how to program BASIC in school. In the 90s, she
               | used the nascent internet, before Google, to research my
               | sister's medical condition to discover treatments and
               | support and resources despite literal poverty and living
               | 500 miles from the nearest hospital that even had
               | familiarity with the problem. In the 2000s, she digitized
               | her gradebook and started to keep in touch with parents
               | through regular email, and learned how to use digital
               | tools to build tests and homework assignments. During the
               | 2010s, she had an entire corpus of digital test systems
               | that could autogenerate completely new and distinct tests
               | from a single click. Over COVID, she attempted to teach
               | herself OBS to improve the production quality of her
               | remote lessons. Despite her empirical experience with
               | tech in education, despite her outright buy-in of new
               | techniques to improve her teaching, despite her
               | willingness to learn new methods, none of it really
               | improved her ability to teach a body of students a
               | lesson.
               | 
               | The vast majority of teachers in all the schools in
               | northern Maine had _less_ aptitude with tech than she did
               | and barely used any of the tech, and NONE of their
               | lessons were less useful for it. The best use of  "tech"
               | I experienced during education was ONE teacher using a
               | shared notebook application to digitize their entire
               | lesson into digital notes that were automatically
               | distributed to the class in a nice way that could be
               | referenced, and that did not educate students better than
               | a Xerox'd handout.
               | 
               | Tech is simply not a force multiplier in education. It's
               | almost entirely a farce in fact. Khan academy has
               | probably helped a few people improve their understanding
               | on a few topics, but it's been two decades since Ivy
               | League colleges first offered massively open online
               | classes, and they have not moved any needle on education,
               | as this very article shows.
               | 
               | The reality is that motivated people who _want to learn_
               | haven 't been hurting for information access since the
               | proliferation of public libraries. Even in my shithole,
               | dead end rural town, we had a Carnegie library that could
               | borrow a book on any topic from most other libraries
               | across the country. Any book that existed could be yours
               | within a week or so. By the 90s, digital encyclopedias
               | were in vogue and also pretty good.
               | 
               | The primary difficulty in teaching children anything is
               | motivation. You can't really teach a child that doesn't
               | want to learn. Kids in the US want to learn less than
               | they previously did. Part of this is that education is no
               | longer seen as an easy way to money, with those kids
               | instead thinking they'll just become fortnite streamers
               | or influencers or grifters. The large cohort of children
               | of evangelical and fundamentalist families have never had
               | it easier to deny things taught to children either, as we
               | are seeing an outright anti-intellectualism we haven't
               | seen since the scopes-monkey trial. Kids see their
               | parents diss education. Kids don't think education is
               | important.
        
             | prisenco wrote:
             | When I first learned to code, google had yet to be founded
             | and we had no internet. I had to go to the library and buy
             | books that were much too hard for me and bang my head
             | against the crt monitor until I got things to work.
             | 
             | Now I have access to YouTube tutorials, hacker news, reddit
             | forums, personalized instruction via AI... and I still feel
             | like sitting down with a book, a pen and a notebook or a
             | disconnected computer with a compiler is the way I learn
             | best.
             | 
             | Problem is, it doesn't feel _efficient_. At my age I have
             | too many pressures to learn as efficiently as possible but
             | not necessarily as deeply as possible. And doing both might
             | well be impossible.
        
             | MisterTea wrote:
             | > I haven't followed up in a while, but last I did the
             | research indicates that digital media generally under
             | perform good old-fashioned print books in terms of learning
             | outcomes.
             | 
             | I bet a lot of that has to do with the fact that you cant
             | open a new tab in a book to watch youtube or browse the
             | web. You're stuck with whatever book you decided to open.
        
           | Liquix wrote:
           | i mean, that would be excellent, but that's not what children
           | will use the internet for when unsupervised and immature.
           | there's nothing wrong with accessing educational texts or
           | using computers as classroom/teaching aids.
           | 
           | kids under a certain age should not have an internet-
           | connected dopamine dispenser in their pocket as it is
           | incredibly detrimental to their development.
        
             | azemetre wrote:
             | IDK why we expect kids, whose brains are still being
             | developed, to make perfectly rational decisions when adults
             | struggle with this as well.
             | 
             | Is there a psychology equivalent of the spherical cow in
             | physics?
        
               | WillAdams wrote:
               | Show them the movie _Idiocracy_ at a young age?
               | 
               | Maybe set up a society where intellectual effort and
               | achievement is rewarded and teachers get paid well enough
               | to make being knowledgeable seem a laudable thing?
        
               | VincentEvans wrote:
               | I think we are observing a shift of tectonic proportions
               | in the opposite direction that is picking up steam each
               | year, at least from the US perspective: flat earth
               | movement, vaccine skepticism, climate change denial, "you
               | don't need college" meme, anti-intellectualism of the
               | sort of "your educated opinion is no better than my
               | pulled out of the ass opinion", defunding of public
               | education, calls to eliminate Department of Education...
               | I could probably name more, but this seems like enough.
               | 
               | And this before we get into structural things that seem
               | to be designed to thwart the goals of advancing knowledge
               | economy: soaring costs of higher education, making
               | college loans non dischargeable in bankruptcy, schools
               | unable to eject disruptive students that are at the same
               | time burdened with security preparedness caused by
               | constant active shooter threat.
        
           | threatofrain wrote:
           | No, no, no. We can't be in 2024 post COVID and wondering why
           | we can't just say "Oh look, a laptop and world class
           | pedagogical videos, go ahead." Because every other educator,
           | administrator, parent, and entrepreneur has tried this.
           | 
           | We all know that Khan Academy is top class material, but it's
           | not even close to enough.
        
           | red_admiral wrote:
           | If you give kids devices with screens and internet access, I
           | am afraid I think they will not spend most of their time on
           | those sites.
        
           | hooverd wrote:
           | Yes, just don't give them a smart phone.
        
         | honkycat wrote:
         | Give me a break lmao
         | 
         | no it's not. it is because our schools are underfunded and our
         | people have gone through multiple massive market contractions.
         | 
         | We don't put enough money into our schools. Our teachers are
         | incredibly overworked and underpaid.
         | 
         | You can't get blood from a stone. If you make being an educator
         | a loser job that doesn't make any money, ONLY LOSERS WILL DO
         | IT. And then the loser teachers do a shitty job teaching your
         | kids, because why bother if you are never rewarded for trying?
         | 
         | I would have LOVED the self-learning resources kids have today.
         | When I was growing up, you had a textbook. Now they have
         | Brilliant and endless youtube tutorials.
        
           | reliabilityguy wrote:
           | > it is because our schools are underfunded
           | 
           | Do you have any data to back this up?
           | 
           | NYC spends about $40,000/student (including teaches benefits,
           | or $23,000/student without benefits and capital expenses) on
           | average and the results are, how do I put it, suboptimal.
           | Schools in the London spend $9,000/student. The CoL between
           | NYC and London is similar. So, how much more money should we
           | pour into DOEs to achieve better results?
           | 
           | In other words: our schools fail not because of the lack of
           | funding (on average, some probably are worse because they
           | have no money), but for totally different reasons.
        
             | LargeWu wrote:
             | I think it could be argued the problem isn't schools, but
             | families. Or, more precisely, a large subset of families
             | with school aged children do not value education, whether
             | out of apathy or survival. Educational outcomes across
             | socioeconomic strata vary greatly in the USA. Schools
             | cannot educate kids that are not invested in their own
             | education.
             | 
             | I think if you corrected for household income, the
             | disparities between NYC and London would be significantly
             | smaller. My hypothesis is that students from upper- and
             | middle-class households would come out looking fine, but
             | lower-class students would lag significantly.
        
             | nostrademons wrote:
             | It's motivation.
             | 
             | Kids aren't stupid. They see their elders (Millennials)
             | outperform in school, all go to college, get buried in
             | student debt, and then have no jobs or money to show for
             | it.
             | 
             | When it comes to making a memecoin and shilling it for a
             | quick $50k in profit, you'd be amazed at how many subpar
             | students can very quickly master some pretty complex
             | technologies if there's a quick buck involved.
        
               | slt2021 wrote:
               | Capitalism/invisible market hand is reallocating labor
               | resources in the most efficient way (thanks to low
               | interest rates)
        
           | GeoAtreides wrote:
           | >I would have LOVED the self-learning resources kids have
           | today. When I was growing up, you had a textbook. Now they
           | have Brilliant and endless youtube tutorials.
           | 
           | Do you think that's what the kids are doing with their
           | screens? Watching youtube tutorials? Dedicating hours each
           | days to education content?
           | 
           | Because I don't. I think they're glued to tiktok, youtube
           | shorts and they're doing their homeworks with chatGPT, while
           | reading nothing and getting fat on McDonald's.
        
           | alaxhn wrote:
           | Ok, I'll bite.
           | 
           | Your thesis is that we are having poor educational outcomes
           | due to poor funding of schools. Based on the latest numbers I
           | could find, funding per pupil was $15,591 in 2022. Because of
           | "cost disease", I would hypothesis that it makes sense to
           | adjust for GDP per capita (a teacher in Poland might be just
           | as good as a teacher in America but paid but be paid ~4x less
           | and the primary cost in education is labor). GDP per capita
           | in 2022 was $77,246. So per pupil we spend ~(15,591/77,246)
           | people worth of labor on their education or .201 of a person.
           | 
           | I notice Norway is on the list ahead of us and I often see
           | them being called out as a country with policies and outcomes
           | that are more close to ideal (although to be honest Asian
           | countries dominate the list!) so let's look at their ration..
           | 
           | In 2023 Norway spend $18,207 per pupil while gdp was 87,961
           | so the ratio there was (18,207/87,961) or .206 of a person.
           | You might say this is higher and it's true but.. it's very
           | close to us and if you use 2022 numbers Norway comes in
           | dramatically below .201.
           | 
           | ---
           | 
           | Another way to analyze things would be by US state while
           | hoping that states would have more in common than countries
           | and knowing that states have dramatically different spending
           | budgets per pupil (see here
           | https://worldpopulationreview.com/state-rankings/per-
           | pupil-s... the difference is three fold from top to bottom).
           | https://www.usnews.com/news/best-
           | states/rankings/education/p... shows math attainment by
           | state.
           | 
           | Right off the bat you will notice that Utah spends the least
           | amount of money per pupil and has the second highest average
           | score while New York has the highest spend and comes in 23rd
           | place.
           | 
           | ---
           | 
           | I recognize that the data I found is not in any way
           | comprehensive, but do you have any data which indicate that
           | I'm wrong and the issue really does have to do with
           | underfunding?
        
             | bvirb wrote:
             | I think it's possible that your numbers of amount spent per
             | pupil don't take into account the total benefit to that
             | pupil towards their education. If Norway say also helps
             | comparatively more with housing, food, and medicine, then
             | that might also factor into the educational outcome of
             | their pupils, especially if it means parents can spend more
             | time helping their children.
             | 
             | Anecdotally the smallish town I grew up in had good public
             | schools, and many of my teachers lived in nice homes nearby
             | the schools they taught at. The HCOL city I currently live
             | in has (supposedly) poor public schools and one of the
             | issues I hear is that teachers can't afford to live
             | anywhere near them and don't want to commute hours to work,
             | so they have high turnover. If housing weren't so expensive
             | the public schools here might be better while appearing to
             | spend the same amount on education.
        
         | whoitwas wrote:
         | It's because of school privatization. Notice the sharpest
         | declines in low performing students based on race and income.
         | It's a disgrace. Idiocracy is booooooming.
        
           | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
           | Specifically the problem is tax vouchers. It's fine to send
           | your kids to a private school, but that shouldn't have any
           | bearing on where your tax dollars go.
        
             | whoitwas wrote:
             | I don't think there's a need to distinguish for those alive
             | in USA. This has all happened in the past 10 years. It was
             | accelerated with DeVos in DoEd ... which is literally the
             | epitome of regulatory capture. Coincidentally, this push
             | for privatization coincides with the time frames in the
             | study. Correlation ... causation ... Who cares. Fuckem
             | let's get rich.
        
               | whoitwas wrote:
               | There is also the loosening of education standards since
               | covid. I think literally anybody can just say they're a
               | teacher in Florida now. That might be an exaggeration,
               | but slightly.
        
               | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
               | I talk to many people who get excited about school choice
               | and not having the state tell them how to educate their
               | kids and totally gloss over the fact that _your_ taxes
               | are not for _your_ kids, but for those of every other
               | taxpayer, so I think it 's an important callout.
        
         | byproxy wrote:
         | > Tablets/Phones/screen time disables cognitive abilities of
         | kids and reduces them to dumb clicking machines.
         | 
         | Is this speculation, or are there statistics/studies that
         | demonstrate this?
        
         | sankumsek wrote:
         | I'm wondering if there is another significant variable here.
         | I'd assume there that most of the other countries on the list
         | would also have kids that have youtube and and increased screen
         | times for kids.
        
         | nostrademons wrote:
         | I'd argue the causality runs the other way. The popularity of
         | YouTube, TikTok, Instagram, and casual games is a _consequence_
         | of declining literacy, not a cause. The real cause was the
         | abandonment of phonics in favor of whole-word approaches to
         | teaching reading in the early 2000s. Those kids are now in
         | their mid-20s and making their own purchase and usage
         | decisions; with poor reading skills, is it any wonder that they
         | prefer video and image forms of media?
         | 
         | The timing doesn't really line up for the screen time
         | hypothesis. Tablet mobile games became mainstream in the
         | mid-2010s; the kids who grew up with them are now about 15 and
         | younger. We've been seeing an inability to grasp complex
         | written discourse and perform critical thinking since about
         | 2016; the kids on tablets would've been in elementary school
         | then, but the first cohort of students who grew up with whole
         | word reading methods was just entering adulthood.
        
           | slt2021 wrote:
           | its not only mobile games, it is proliferation of youtube and
           | stupid streamers targeted for kids (colomelon and alike for
           | elementary kids) and social media for middle schools (snap /
           | tiktok)
        
         | WillPostForFood wrote:
         | Screentime is an issue, but you'd expect to be affecting most
         | countries, not the US particularly.
        
         | ziddoap wrote:
         | > _Tablets /Phones/screen time disables cognitive abilities of
         | kids and reduces them to dumb clicking machines._
         | 
         | Sure, if you hand your kid a phone and walk away, that's a
         | likely outcome.
         | 
         | Phones/tablets/etc. are tools that can and should be leveraged.
         | But you need to teach your kids how to properly use the tools
         | (which is not a one-time conversation). It seems like many
         | people skip that part for some reason or another. Age-
         | appropriate oversight is also a necessity that is often
         | skipped.
         | 
         | Having a pocket library/language instructor/graph
         | calculator/music theory coach/etc. (i.e. a phone) is an
         | absolute superpower that can accelerate learning significantly.
         | 
         | However, every time I suggest that you can teach kids to
         | responsibly use technology it seems to be an unpopular opinion.
         | I'm not exactly sure why, though. So if you don't agree, I'd
         | love to hear your side.
        
       | carabiner wrote:
       | Overall though, US scores in math & science are _excellent_ and
       | near the top of the charts:
       | https://x.com/cremieuxrecueil/status/1864412480677576816
        
         | vecter wrote:
         | Wait, the US overall is ranked 18th out of approximately 50
         | countries (on the first chart for Math + Science). Obviously
         | some American demographics are doing better, but across all
         | demographics, the US scores are not excellent and not near the
         | top.
        
           | bpodgursky wrote:
           | The point is that euopean americans perform strongly compared
           | to europeans, asian americans perform strongly among asians,
           | and black americans perform strongly compared to majority-
           | black countries. Each demographic as the top of demographic
           | peers internationally.
        
             | carabiner wrote:
             | Yes, and I don't think this is racism any more than other
             | DEI/education initiatives that focus on one demographic
             | more vs. another. Everyone talks about trying to get more
             | blacks into gifted programs or selective high schools like
             | Stuyvesant. This is scoping the problem, nothing more.
        
               | dataviz1000 wrote:
               | Anecdotally, I was zoned to attend John Jay High School
               | which was the most violent school in the United States
               | that year. I lived in NYC at the height of violence and
               | the crack epidemic. This story in the New York Times was
               | written later[0]. I could barely read and write at a 5th
               | grade level at the time. Murrow and Midwood laughed at me
               | when I asked for an entrance interview. Knowing I would
               | get killed if I attended John Jay I studied for the
               | Stuyvestant High School exam for a few hours a day for 8
               | weeks. My favorite word I memorized studying for the test
               | is loathe. It sounded like love but meant disgust like
               | hate. It was on the test. I was accepted into a technical
               | school out in Brighton Beach but things went wrong when I
               | not only made the cut for Stuyvestant but on explaining
               | my preference not to attend was told I should because I
               | had the second highest score -- like I missed an easy
               | problem on the test. They pressured me to attend but I
               | didn't belong. I am of normal, neither low nor high,
               | intelligence. Biggie Smalls lived a few blocks away on
               | the other side of Flatbush Ave. He was a lot smarter and
               | talented than all of my classmates. I call bullshit on
               | that test.
               | 
               | [0]
               | https://www.nytimes.com/1998/04/26/nyregion/neighborhood-
               | rep...
        
             | knallfrosch wrote:
             | > Each demographic as the top of demographic peers
             | internationally.
             | 
             | Does this hold true if we do the same for other countries?
        
               | bpodgursky wrote:
               | Most countries don't release fine-grained data but yes
               | when you compare against other countries that are
               | essentially ethnostates - Japan, Poland, few others.
        
           | TeaBrain wrote:
           | According to the chart, the American scores amongst the
           | internationally high performing demographic categories are
           | exceptional. The overall score is only dragged down due to
           | demographic categories that perform low internationally.
        
         | pie420 wrote:
         | 18th out of 50 is not excellent for a HEGEMON country that
         | essentially rules europe, south america, and half of asia. I
         | imagine Britain was better than 18th out of 50 during the
         | height of the british empire.
        
           | slt2021 wrote:
           | as a hegemon, USA is the firs tin number of victims (murdered
           | and displaced) by the American weapons and ammo.
           | 
           | This is a single undisputed thing about the American
           | exceptionalism, the mind-boggling efficiency of the state-
           | organized violence
        
             | int_19h wrote:
             | States by and large originated as a means to organize
             | violence at scale, so it's not surprising that the most
             | successful ones historically are also the best at that
             | specifically.
        
         | jdprgm wrote:
         | It's strange to me that relative performance would even be a
         | primary factor for defining performance as "excellent". You
         | could be number one on the list and still deeply unsettled if
         | performance is dropping or stagnant. I would want to focus on
         | generational improvement targeting say 10%-20% improvement
         | across the board every 10 years or so.
        
       | cyberax wrote:
       | You don't say. It's as if attacking education from the right and
       | left has consequences.
       | 
       | The right wants to defund everything on principle, and the left
       | wants education to be "equitable". Which in practice ends up
       | being as effective as chopping off legs of tall kids to make sure
       | everyone is the same height.
        
         | PessimalDecimal wrote:
         | > Which in practice ends up being as effective as chopping off
         | legs of tall kids to make sure everyone is the same height.
         | 
         | This might have been the case twenty years ago. Now it's more
         | like chopping off the legs of the tall kids to get back at them
         | for being taller originally.
        
         | neogodless wrote:
         | I hesitate to jump into politics (again) here on HN but I would
         | say this.
         | 
         | I don't _disagree_ with you, exactly. There is a problem with
         | polarized political agendas.
         | 
         | If the right had some sense of being OK with money being
         | invested in the future, instead of in the currently wealthy,
         | and if the left wants to spread opportunity more equally to
         | every student, those could be overlapping goals. Equal
         | opportunity is very different from equitable outcomes. And
         | prioritizing private schools is different from actually
         | shrinking the government size and budget. (The right, I would
         | argue, just prioritizes different spending, not less spending!)
        
         | thrance wrote:
         | It's really not a "both side" issue. Only one party wants to
         | get rid of the department of education. Only one party wants to
         | ban books from public schools on ideological grounds. Only one
         | party wants to privatize the entire school system. Only one
         | party considers teaching slavery to be anti-american
         | indoctrination.
        
           | cyberax wrote:
           | > It's really not a "both side" issue.
           | 
           | It really is. They just undermine the education differently.
           | 
           | > Only one party wants to ban books from public schools on
           | ideological grounds. Only one party wants to privatize the
           | entire school system. Only one party considers teaching
           | slavery to be anti-american indoctrination.
           | 
           | My frank opinion: all those book bans don't mean anything for
           | math or science education. The US science education was doing
           | just fine during the racist 50-s and 60-s, after all.
           | 
           | All the book bans (or conversely, the "woke nonsense" like
           | the mandated "ethnic studies") are just noise in the overall
           | curriculum, they affect less than 1% of the academic time.
           | 
           | > Only one party considers teaching slavery to be anti-
           | american indoctrination.
           | 
           | And only one party cancels the gifted programs because they
           | are "racist", or makes it hard to take advanced classes
           | because of "equity".
        
       | lostmsu wrote:
       | How does this test account for age? 4th grade is different in
       | different countries.
       | 
       | Is anonymized data available?
        
       | xyzzyz wrote:
       | Did the test collect any data on the demographics of the takers,
       | so that we can check whether the drop is within-group, or whether
       | it's just artifact of changing composition? For all we know, this
       | might be just a case of Simpson paradox, where each subgroup
       | actually improved, but the overall score distribution shifted
       | downwards due to school children population growing more and more
       | immigrant, after years of mass immigration. While US has
       | excellent education, and immigrant children in America do better
       | than their counterparts in their countries of origin, they don't
       | do as well as the modal group of white Americans, so as the
       | composition changes, and the whites become less of a
       | statistically dominating factor, the scores are expected to go
       | down, even as the education quality improves.
        
         | itishappy wrote:
         | Yes, that's one of the main findings from the article.
         | 
         | > The extent of the decline seems to be driven by the lowest
         | performing students losing more ground, a worrying trend that
         | predates the pandemic.
         | 
         | > Scores for the highest performing American fourth graders
         | were about the same as in 2019, but the lowest performing
         | students -- those in the bottom 10% -- saw their scores drop by
         | 37 points in math and by 22 points in science compared with
         | similar students in 2019. The lowest performing eighth graders
         | saw their scores drop by 19 points in math. One in five U.S.
         | eighth graders scored below the low benchmark, meaning they
         | lacked even basic proficiency.
         | 
         | > This gap between high- and low-performing students started to
         | widen before the pandemic for reasons that are unclear. Since
         | then, other research into post-pandemic academic performance
         | has found widening gaps across race and income, even as many
         | middle and higher income students are doing well.
         | 
         | What do we do with this info?
        
           | mmooss wrote:
           | Your claim and the GP's are very different:
           | 
           | * Yours is that the bottom 10% are declining. That says
           | nothing about who is in the bottom 10%.
           | 
           | * The GP says the composition of the population has changed,
           | and blames immigrants.
        
             | itishappy wrote:
             | > There was also a strong correlation between socioeconomic
             | status and test scores. Students from higher income
             | households and those who attended schools with more
             | affluent students had higher scores.
        
               | mmooss wrote:
               | That doesn't say the composition changed - that could
               | have been true before - or that immigration status is any
               | factor at all.
        
               | SkyBelow wrote:
               | The question is what was the delta within that group (and
               | within other groups). Given we know that those of higher
               | socioeconomic status do better than average, did they
               | improve compared to their past selves, stay roughly the
               | same, or degrade despite still maintaining above average
               | results?
               | 
               | If, for example, they degraded, then it would indicate
               | there is a problem happening that even the higher
               | socioeconomic status doesn't protect from despite all its
               | benefits (well it might protect relatively better that
               | other SES, but not enough to prevent the downward trend).
               | 
               | If, instead, they improved relative to their past selves,
               | it would indicate the problem causing the overall trend
               | is found entirely within other SES groups (well not
               | entirely, as it is possible the impact still hit this
               | group but that other factors more than made up for it,
               | but to keep it simple, we can ignore such a possibility
               | unless we see even better data that can parse out these
               | more complex relationships).
        
             | DAGdug wrote:
             | The Simpson's paradox part is factual, and has been known
             | for over a decade courtesy Steve Sailer, who is an
             | immigration restrictionist. A fairer critique of the poster
             | is that they're unoriginal (rather than that they're
             | blaming immigrants, which I didn't see in this post).
        
               | bryanrasmussen wrote:
               | > While US has excellent education, and immigrant
               | children in America do better than their counterparts in
               | their countries of origin, they don't do as well as the
               | modal group of white Americans, so as the composition
               | changes...
               | 
               | it doesn't say the immigrants are to blame, it just
               | strongly implies that this could be a likely reason,
               | furthermore for some reason to be an immigrant is to not
               | be white which certainly was not the case when I
               | immigrated to America.
        
               | geraldwhen wrote:
               | https://www.pewresearch.org/race-and-
               | ethnicity/2020/08/20/fa...
               | 
               | American immigrants are no longer white, overwhelmingly.
        
               | mmooss wrote:
               | Perhaps that is related to all the rationalizations of
               | white supremacy.
        
               | mmooss wrote:
               | > courtesy Steve Sailer, who is an immigration
               | restrictionist
               | 
               | That doesn't make this argument credible. Is there any
               | credible source?
               | 
               | > rather than that they're blaming immigrants, which I
               | didn't see in this post
               | 
               | We know well that the talking points of racism are formed
               | to create ambiguity and use dog whistles. That goes back
               | half a century and probably much longer. These are the
               | talking points.
        
           | DAGdug wrote:
           | Make better policy decisions next time around? (Surprise,
           | surprise, poor kids don't do zoom classes).
        
         | mmooss wrote:
         | > While US has excellent education
         | 
         | By what measure? As far as I know it is poor, in absolute terms
         | and relative to its peers.
         | 
         | For the rest, do you have any evidence for the statements, or
         | that the outcome depends on race (and not, for example, income,
         | local school quality, etc)? A very large portion of the US
         | population is neither immigrant nor white. And blaming the
         | immigrants for undermining 'white' people is also part of a
         | hateful disinformation campaign, so I think we should be very
         | careful with statements that might be used to spread that hate.
         | 
         | Edit: Even if immigration status were correlated, that doesn't
         | mean that immigration causes people to be worse at mathematics.
         | It could be, for example, that immigrants suffer disrcimination
         | and a lack of resources - like some other groups that have
         | lower scores.
        
           | xyzzyz wrote:
           | US has excellent education by the standard, commonly used
           | international measures. In PISA, for example, white American
           | children score better than any European country, and are only
           | outscored by a handful of East Asian countries. These are all
           | in turn outscored by US Asians, putting US on top yet again.
           | US has a bunch of lower-performing population groups, who
           | bring the overall average down, but even these perform better
           | than their foreign counterparts. US blacks perform better
           | than blacks in any African country, immigrants from South
           | America perform better than kids in the countries they came
           | from etc.
           | 
           | > For the rest, do you have any evidence for the statements,
           | or that the outcome depends on race
           | 
           | Not sure what you're asking for. Did you not know that there
           | are large differences in means of test scores between various
           | ethnic and racial groups in US? This is a commonly known
           | fact, I don't think really require me to provide specific
           | evidence.
           | 
           | > And blaming the immigrants for undermining 'white' people
           | is also part of a hateful disinformation campaign, so I think
           | we should be very careful with statements that might be used
           | to spread that hate.
           | 
           | Not sure what you're talking about, but I get the feeling
           | that you're trying to smear me with allusions and innuendos.
        
             | hervature wrote:
             | I knew that you were going to get attacked because someone
             | would take your statement as hateful. Unfortunately, it
             | takes longer to collect data than it does to write a dumb
             | comment. They took your factual statement of Simpson's
             | paradox being able to drive one global summary (lower
             | overall scores - a bad thing) counter to the local
             | summaries (increased scores by all groups - a good thing)
             | explained by shifting population proportions as you
             | "blaming immigrants" for the bad outcome when the logical
             | extension of your statement is "hold on, we may have a good
             | thing going on". Ignore @mmooss.
        
               | strangattractor wrote:
               | Have to admit the immigration comment also triggered my
               | "blaming immigrants" radar. After a careful reading it
               | was an honest attempt for more information or
               | clarification on how the details might be better
               | interpreted. Something people should do more of when
               | statistics are used as evidence. Actually a very good
               | question.
        
             | ivan_gammel wrote:
             | > US has excellent education by the standard, commonly used
             | international measures. In PISA, for example, white
             | American children score better than any European country,
             | and are only outscored by a handful of East Asian
             | countries. These are all in turn outscored by US Asians,
             | putting US on top yet again. US has a bunch of lower-
             | performing population groups, who bring the overall average
             | down, but even these perform better than their foreign
             | counterparts. US blacks perform better than blacks in any
             | African country, immigrants from South America perform
             | better than kids in the countries they came from etc.
             | 
             | Wow. I'm really impressed with your skill to interpret the
             | data and build a narrative from it. However, let's face it,
             | it is just a convenient narrative with a faulty logic. You
             | cannot conclude that USA has excellent educational system
             | if it delivers the great outcomes for certain advantaged
             | subgroups. It's logically incorrect and not how efficiency
             | of education system is defined.
             | 
             | It is also wrong to compare black Americans and Africans
             | and generally use non-scientific racial divisions which do
             | not exist elsewhere in the world. Most of black Americans
             | are no more immigrants than white people. They are simply
             | Americans and should be compared to Europe the same way as
             | whites.
        
               | xyzzyz wrote:
               | > You cannot conclude that USA has excellent educational
               | system if it delivers the great outcomes for certain
               | advantaged subgroups.
               | 
               | To the contrary, you could totally conclude from this
               | that US has excellent educational system at least with
               | respect to these, as you call them, "advantaged" groups.
               | At best you could argue that the system is not so
               | excellent for other, less well performing groups.
               | However, these less well performing groups still perform
               | better in US system than matched groups outside the US,
               | so it is indeed the case that for both higher and lower
               | performing groups, US educational system beats all other
               | systems around the world.
        
               | aerhardt wrote:
               | Why would you compare the advantaged US groups versus the
               | entirety of other populations?
        
               | xyzzyz wrote:
               | Can you clarify what you mean by "advantaged"? I am not
               | exactly sure what you are talking about.
        
               | aerhardt wrote:
               | I am talking about the leading group, whatever that may
               | be, why would you split _only_ the United States by a
               | certain dimension and compare it to the entirety of other
               | populations?
        
               | xyzzyz wrote:
               | Ah, I get it now. Yes, it would be more apples-to-apples
               | to, for example, compare white Americans with ancestral
               | Europeans, by disaggregating scores in European countries
               | by ethnic/ancestral group of origin. However, this would
               | not affect comparison greatly, because in European
               | countries, the children of ancestral Europeans comprise
               | 80-90% of the total, compared to <45% in US, so taking
               | the whole aggregate instead of this 80-90% doesn't change
               | that much. Same is true for East Asian countries:
               | immigrant population in Japan or Taiwan is pretty
               | negligible, as these countries are fairly homogenous.
               | Finally, for countries with highly heterogeneous
               | populations, like eg India or Indonesia, none of the
               | large ethnic groups is ahead of US whites.
        
               | aerhardt wrote:
               | I think I've found the answer and it's simpler than that.
               | There is no analysis splitting whites or other ethnic
               | groups because PISA has national variations of
               | questionnaires (source on the US one below), and in all
               | likelihood no other country splits by race.
               | 
               | It's still weird, probably lacking rigor and
               | methodological soundness, to split American races out and
               | compare them to the bulk of other populations.
               | 
               | https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/data/datasets/pi
               | sa/...
        
               | xyzzyz wrote:
               | It might not be super sound methodologically to only do
               | it for US in PISA, but I don't think that it affect
               | results significantly. Other high performing countries
               | have highly homogenous populations, so the aggregate
               | score of the entire country is very close to the score of
               | the top performing group. On the other hand, in countries
               | with heterogenous populations like India, Indonesia,
               | Afghanistan or Nigeria, even the top groups are not
               | performing very well. If you know of a country other than
               | US, where the top performing group does significantly
               | better than country average, and their performance is on
               | the level of, say, European average, I'd be very curious
               | to learn about it!
        
               | aerhardt wrote:
               | The main methodological problem is how one can leave out
               | like 40% of the United States, and say that the US comes
               | on top (which it still doesn't!). Like, I'm not even
               | questioning the racial split data, but selecting the two
               | groups and saying that the US is the best is a weird flex
               | that wouldn't pass muster in Stats 101.
        
               | ivan_gammel wrote:
               | > However, these less well performing groups still
               | perform better in US system than matched groups outside
               | the US
               | 
               | If you pick random data points you can support with them
               | any theory. Comparing white Americans (a random group of
               | people defined by a subjective criteria, rather than by
               | anything scientific) to a whole European country is
               | random.
               | 
               | Now, speaking of the choice of subgroups. If you select
               | best performing subgroups to see which country can
               | support the best talent, why are you not looking at the
               | results of international olympiads?
               | 
               | IOI - China, Russia, then USA. IPhO - China dominates the
               | list of winners. IMO - USA has some wins, but China won
               | more.
        
               | xyzzyz wrote:
               | > Comparing white Americans (a random group of people
               | defined by a subjective criteria, rather than by anything
               | scientific) to a whole European country is random.
               | 
               | "White Americans" is very much not a "random group
               | defined by subjective criteria". Self-identification as
               | white is extremely highly correlated with objective,
               | measurable metrics like percent of European ancestry, and
               | this also makes US whites directly comparable to
               | population of European countries, which as it happens
               | still are overwhelmingly comprised by people of European
               | ancestry.
               | 
               | I am not selecting best performing group for the sake of
               | comparison, I'm just comparing various natural and
               | obvious population clusters that have been understood and
               | distinguished by everyone completely unrelatedly to the
               | discussion of educational outcomes. The category of white
               | Americans has not been invented to show how great US
               | education is. I am totally interested in comparing
               | educational outcomes of white Americans with other major
               | ethnic or ancestral populations in other countries, it's
               | just white Americans come out ahead almost every single
               | time.
        
               | ivan_gammel wrote:
               | Self-identification on the basis of race is not
               | objective. Races do not exist, it is a scientific fact.
               | There are many other more reasonable ways to cluster
               | American population. Ancestral angle is important, but
               | only from cultural proximity perspective if you talk
               | about people who are 5-10th generation Americans. Black
               | Americans that are descendants of slaves may have higher
               | proximity to Europe than to Africa, so they should be
               | included in the group that you compare to Europe and
               | anyway that comparison must be based on some theory,
               | otherwise it's just cherry-picking for building a
               | convenient narrative.
        
               | callingbull wrote:
               | > Races do not exist, it is a scientific fact.
               | 
               | Races do not exist in the same sense that the periodic
               | table does not exist. Both are constructs over reality,
               | and they are both informative (i.e. science).
        
               | eitally wrote:
               | I'm with you (just to be clear): the _educational_ system
               | is perfectly fine in the US. The problem is that the
               | educational system in the US is designed to be fine for
               | the subset of kids who come from families that 1) speak
               | English, 2) are educated themselves, 3) hold full time
               | employment.
               | 
               | Whenever these debates about the US education system
               | arise it's important to clarify that when people who
               | complain about the system do so, they're really
               | complaining that the lack of a social safety net is
               | keeping the doors open in public schools for kids whose
               | families (and themselves) don't see value in formal
               | education, can't maintain daily attendance for various
               | reasons, may not have internet access at home, don't have
               | food safety, may have health and developmental issues,
               | and may not even have one parent caring for them.
               | 
               | I don't care whether science shows a differentiation in
               | IQ between racial groups, because that is so much less
               | important than addressing how well a kid will be able to
               | learn when they are being raised in poverty by a single
               | parent without a college education who doesn't speak
               | English natively and may not even be in the country
               | legally. _That_ is the problem.
        
               | myrmidon wrote:
               | > You cannot conclude that USA has excellent educational
               | system if it delivers the great outcomes for certain
               | advantaged subgroups.
               | 
               | This is _not_ what he did. He just explained to you that
               | the outcomes for _all_ those subgroups are basically
               | better in the US than elsewhere.
               | 
               | Even that is a moot point though, because the aggregate
               | US score is already _perfectly_ comparable to e.g. EU
               | level. Even if you cherry-pick EU nations for GDP /capita
               | (Switzerland, Netherlands, Denmark), you can see that
               | they are pretty much exactly on US level (with the EU
               | leaning a bit more toward math).
               | 
               | This also tracks with anecdata I have from family
               | (central europe) that did a year at a US highschool
               | (east/west) and both described the math curriculum as
               | "joke".
               | 
               | To reiterate: Describing the US education system as "bad"
               | (=> compared to peer-nations) is just objectively
               | _wrong_.
        
               | ivan_gammel wrote:
               | > This is not what he did. He just explained to you that
               | the outcomes for all those subgroups are basically better
               | in the US than elsewhere.
               | 
               | He literally said that USA has excellent educational
               | system. The explanation with statistical gerrymandering
               | and random comparisons followed.
               | 
               | >Even that is a moot point though, because the aggregate
               | US score is already perfectly comparable to e.g. EU level
               | 
               | EU level isn't great. Besides, EU recently experienced
               | major influx of immigrants (on the scale of millions).
               | USA is #18 in the latest rating, 7-15% difference in the
               | score with top 5%.
               | 
               | And yes, American math curriculum is indeed a joke.
               | 
               | > Describing the US education system as "bad" (=>
               | compared to peer-nations) is just objectively wrong.
               | 
               | I didn't say it is bad. You are replying to my comment
               | where I basically say that you cannot say it's excellent
               | based on THAT data.
        
             | aerhardt wrote:
             | What is the source on this?
             | 
             | All I can find is this Twitter thread, and reposts of this
             | from Reddit. I cannot find any official sources.
             | 
             | https://twitter.com/ideafaktory/status/1732095406891282603
        
               | xyzzyz wrote:
               | The image in this thread you linked has the information
               | about the data source in the bottom right corner.
        
               | aerhardt wrote:
               | The source he cites is himself, other than the PISA data.
               | 
               | I cannot examine the entire dataset right now, but from
               | reading the questionnaires I cannot find a single
               | question on race. The only resembling question is on the
               | birthplace of the parents [1], but you cannot infer the
               | race from that, can you? How would you separate blacks
               | then, most of whom would probably have American parents?
               | 
               | How much do you trust the author of this data?
               | 
               | [1] https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/data/dataset
               | s/pisa/...
               | 
               | Edit: The US version of the questionnaire _does_ ask for
               | comprehensive data on race. I still cannot make sense of
               | some of the elements of the Cremieux source, for example
               | they show the US average (not split by race) in a
               | position which is not what I see in the official data.
               | But it should be entirely possible to analyze the data
               | comprehensively by race.
        
               | xyzzyz wrote:
               | I have known Cremieux for a long time, and trust him a
               | great deal when it comes to handling and presenting data.
               | In any case, I don't know what standards you'd find
               | satisfactory. He made the graph out of data he listed on
               | the graph. Anyone can go and verity its accuracy. It
               | being materially wrong would be devastating to his
               | reputation. Thus, if you still don't trust it, you should
               | just do your own leg work to verify it, instead of asking
               | others, whom you probably don't trust any more than you
               | trust Cremieux, to do it. Anything more would be unusual
               | and unreasonable, even formal academic peer review does
               | not involve verifying that the graphs are accurately
               | representing underlying data.
        
             | mmooss wrote:
             | First, where is the evidence for all of that?
             | 
             | Second, other than racism, I don't see why we would
             | distinguish between the 'race' of the Americans. The US
             | average is the average. People are no more or less American
             | based on their skin color.
             | 
             | Unless you make the racist claim that math skills
             | biologically depend on race, there is no reason to compare
             | some Americans with people in Africa because they have
             | similar skin color - it's absurd.
             | 
             | > Not sure what you're talking about
             | 
             | I don't believe that you are unaware of the hate and
             | discrimination against immigrants and minorities, justified
             | by these same and similar arguments. If you said that was
             | not your intent - well, your intent or not, it has the same
             | effect. But to say you don't know is not credible.
        
               | seneca wrote:
               | > Unless you make the racist claim that math skills
               | biologically depend on race, there is no reason to
               | compare some Americans with people in Africa because they
               | have similar skin color - it's absurd.
               | 
               | Math skills correlate with IQ, and average IQ varies by
               | racial groups.
               | 
               | Calling facts you don't like racist doesn't erase them,
               | and coming into discussions just to accuse everyone of
               | heresy has gotten pretty old for most people.
               | 
               | These may be uncomfortable facts, but pretending they
               | don't exist and brow beating people for discussing them
               | keeps us from understanding the world more fully.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | This is almost certainly an SES effect; the evidence for
               | biological causation is weak and has gotten drastically
               | weaker with each successive GWAS study. Either way: it's
               | a race war point, and those are unwelcome on HN.
               | 
               | https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=false
               | &qu...
        
               | eitally wrote:
               | While IQ may vary by racial groups, overall math
               | attainment _not at the very top couple of percent_ has
               | far more to do with socioeconomic circumstances  &
               | parental education than it does any inherent potential.
        
               | eitally wrote:
               | Fortunately for you, if you don't want to use race to
               | distinguish you can instead use these characteristics to
               | define your subgroups:
               | 
               | 1) kids with two married parents at home
               | 
               | 2) kids of parents with a college or professional degree
               | 
               | 3) kids of parents who work white collar salaried jobs
               | 
               | 4) kids of parents who are native English speakers
               | 
               | If you check all those boxes you're going to see that the
               | resulting subgroup does very well on all standardized
               | tests, including PISA. It will also be predominantly
               | white/European-American & Asian/Asian-American. Those
               | four attributes make the biggest difference in
               | educational attainment, and brown & black families are
               | the ones who are being left behind.
               | 
               | For the next thought exercise, consider what can be done
               | to address this shortcoming in our political, social &
               | education systems.
        
               | xyzzyz wrote:
               | > First, where is the evidence for all of that?
               | 
               | Sorry, what do you mean by "evidence"? I clearly said
               | that I am talking about PISA results, and described what
               | these look like. You can look these up yourself if you
               | are curious about more details.
               | 
               | > Second, other than racism, I don't see why we would
               | distinguish between the 'race' of the Americans.
               | 
               | For better or worse, this opinion is not shared by the
               | mainstream American culture and policy-making circles. We
               | take great efforts to distinguish between these groups in
               | the context of educational outcomes. It is not
               | surprising, because these different groups very much
               | exist in very objective sense, and quite objectively have
               | different educational outcomes, which makes it useful to
               | distinguish between them for the purposes like the
               | original question, which was whether the educational
               | quality went down recently. My original point that in
               | order to answer this question, you have to distinguish
               | between these groups so that you don't fall victim to
               | composition fallacy, is largely orthogonal to any
               | discussion about the causes of these disparities, because
               | it still stands regardless of whether the causes are 100%
               | biological or 100% cultural or 100% result of systemic
               | discrimination or whatever.
               | 
               | > Unless you make the racist claim that math skills
               | biologically depend on race, there is no reason to
               | compare some Americans with people in Africa because they
               | have similar skin color - it's absurd.
               | 
               | You are creating a really weird straw man, because I
               | don't think that even extreme KKK-style racists have much
               | of an issue with skin color per se. Who are you arguing
               | against here? I am extremely confused.
               | 
               | > I don't believe that you are unaware of the hate and
               | discrimination against immigrants and minorities,
               | justified by these same and similar arguments.
               | 
               | Ah, here comes smears and innuendos that by open
               | discussion of clear, objective facts that are relevant to
               | policy making, I'm causing some kind of nebulous harm to
               | some unnamed people via some proxies. Just stop it, I
               | don't care, and nobody cares anymore either.
        
           | phillypham wrote:
           | At the very top, the US excels at math. We consistently place
           | at the top or near the top in the IMO for instance
           | (https://maa.org/news/usa-first-at-imo/). Yes the team is
           | largely children of immigrants, but they are Americans, too.
        
             | mmooss wrote:
             | No difference between them and any other American. Congrats
             | to the team.
        
             | zozbot234 wrote:
             | > At the very top, the US excels at math.
             | 
             | Did you assess every other school system "at its very top"
             | and compare? This seems to be very clearly a double
             | standard. Consider that IMO numbers are going to be biased
             | due to the US's larger population compared to other highly
             | developed countries.
        
         | hervature wrote:
         | Thank you for the high quality comment. I'll try to add some
         | insight here for race. Using the reports [1] and [2], the
         | difference for Grade 4 students are:
         | 
         | American Indian / Alaska Native - 2.5% in 2019 - 1.6% in 2023 -
         | 515 in 2019 - 504 in 2023
         | 
         | Asian - 5.3% in 2019 - 4.3% in 2023 - 586 in 2019 - 571 in 2023
         | 
         | Black - 13.2% in 2019 - 15.5% in 2023 - 494 in 2019 - 468 in
         | 2023
         | 
         | Hispanic - 25.8% in 2019 - 26.3% in 2023 - 508 in 2019 - 491 in
         | 2023
         | 
         | Native Hawaiian / Other Pacific Islander - 1.7% in 2019 - 0.9%
         | in 2023 - 500 in 2019 - 457 in 2023
         | 
         | Two or more races - 5.6% in 2019 - 8.1% in 2023 - 554 in 2019 -
         | 542 in 2023
         | 
         | White - 45.9% in 2019 - 43.2% in 2023 - 559 in 2019 - 543 in
         | 2023
         | 
         | It looks like all groups suffered at least 10 points in loss
         | but these effects are definitely exaggerated by the reweighing
         | of population proportions.
         | 
         | [1] -
         | https://nces.ed.gov/timss/results19/index.asp#/math/achievem...
         | 
         | [2] -
         | https://nces.ed.gov/timss/results23/index.asp#/math/achievem...
        
           | xyzzyz wrote:
           | Thank you for looking it up! My personal hunch is that COVID
           | related disruption in schooling is responsible for most of
           | the within-group drop, and the rest is mostly a result of
           | changes in educational policy, where many places deemphasize
           | objective measures and standards, causing students to care
           | less for these on the margin.
        
             | trhway wrote:
             | i think the impact of COVID lockdowns and de-SAT-ing would
             | be harder to reverse than to build logical and mathematical
             | reasoning into ChatGPT. The former is political and the
             | latter is technical problem. Our whole industry, great at
             | solving technical problems, is throwing tens of billions
             | today, and it will be hundreds tomorrow, to solve the
             | latter. So the math skills for the majority of the
             | population is probably going the way of the "paper map"
             | skills, etc.
        
               | lanternfish wrote:
               | The problem is that mathematics education isn't just
               | about learning times tables.
               | 
               | It's also the primary medium schools use to communicate
               | analytical reasoning and deductive analysis. If you cut
               | math as a target without fundamentally reworking
               | curricular elements, you'll have a ton of graduates who
               | are much worse at negotiating the validity of competing
               | logical arguments.
        
             | bcrosby95 wrote:
             | It probably varies by grade and locale.
             | 
             | My oldest is in 4th grade now, and the most relevant maths
             | are from 2nd and 3rd grade. Basic division, multiplication,
             | and fractions matters (3rd grade) - but so does adding and
             | subtracting multi-digit numbers (2nd grade) because
             | multiplication/division is now multiple digit (which is the
             | actual, new, 4th grade material). Interestingly, she used
             | almost no adding and subtracting in 3rd grade, to the point
             | where the teacher supplemented required coursework to help
             | stave off attrition, so you could actually get by 3rd grade
             | while being terrible at adding and subtracting.
             | 
             | Her covid year was kinder. It made her cohort pretty bad at
             | writing. But that seems to have largely worked itself out
             | over the past 4 years.
             | 
             | It's not clear to me when these tests were taken, and that
             | kinda matters - were they by people who were starting 4th
             | grade, finishing 4th grade, or completed 4th grade?
             | 
             | It matters because it tells us what they missed due to
             | COVID - if these 4th graders had 1st grade for COVID, I'm
             | not sure if that would be a huge deal. The most relevant
             | bits are also taught in kinder, and they cover adding and
             | subtracting again in 2nd. But if their main COVID year was
             | 2nd, I could see 4th being a huge problem, especially with
             | the general lack of adding and subtracting in 3rd grade.
        
             | GlassOwAter wrote:
             | How about COVID reducing IQ?
        
             | WillyWonkaJr wrote:
             | COVID is known to cause neurological damage including brain
             | damage. I think we're now seeing the collective impact to
             | IQ due to repeated COVID infections.
        
               | cruffle_duffle wrote:
               | Or maybe, just maybe, closing school for two years had a
               | disastrous impact on kids.
        
               | capybaraStorm wrote:
               | They closed them then re-opened them in time for one of
               | the biggest waves of asylum/undocumented immigration in
               | recent history, part of which incentivized bringing
               | children (who often need ESL and cultural integration
               | assistance) who then are entitled to attend public
               | schools whether or not the school has been allocated the
               | resources for such influx. Such re-allocation of finite
               | resources to include so many students with extra
               | integrative needs would track well with across the board
               | drops.
        
           | bko wrote:
           | | Race/Ethnicity | 2019 % | 2023 % | % Change | 2019 Score |
           | 2023 Score | Score Change |
           | 
           | | American Indian / Alaska Native | 2.5% | 1.6% | -0.9% | 515
           | | 504 | -11 |
           | 
           | | Asian | 5.3% | 4.3% | -1.0% | 586 | 571 | -15 |
           | 
           | | Black | 13.2% | 15.5% | +2.3% | 494 | 468 | -26 |
           | 
           | | Hispanic | 25.8% | 26.3% | +0.5% | 508 | 491 | -17 |
           | 
           | | Native Hawaiian / Other Pacific Islander | 1.7% | 0.9% |
           | -0.8% | 500 | 457 | -43 |
           | 
           | | Two or more races | 5.6% | 8.1% | +2.5% | 554 | 542 | -12 |
           | 
           | | White | 45.9% | 43.2% | -2.7% | 559 | 543 | -16 |
        
         | optymizer wrote:
         | Is there any data to back up your claim that immigrant kids are
         | worse at math in US schools?
         | 
         | It doesn't match my personal experience. It is _well known_ in
         | Europe that the American K-12 education system is weak.
         | 
         | Anecdata: All the exchange students from my middle- and high-
         | school (in a third world country in Europe) came back saying
         | they already knew the math that was being taught in the US
         | school.
        
           | cm2012 wrote:
           | Well known and incorrect. If you control PISA scores for
           | demographics, the American education system is fine to great.
           | You can see American Whites outperform most other countries.
           | American Black's outperform parts of Europe, including
           | Greece.
           | 
           | https://www.reddit.com/media?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpreview.redd..
           | ..
        
             | optymizer wrote:
             | Why would we control PISA scores for US demographics in the
             | first place? Why are the 1st and 2nd generation immigrants
             | removed?
             | 
             | The education system is the same for all the kids, unless
             | US Whites are using a different curriculum from the other
             | demographic groups.
             | 
             | "If we massage this data set the right way, we get the
             | chart we want".
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | Conjecture, but it may be to focus on the native born
               | population as a better metric for education quality since
               | they have (presumably) been a product of that system for
               | their entire life. Contrast that to a 1st gen immigrant
               | who a major amount of time in a different country's
               | system; testing them after a short stint in the US tells
               | us much less about the US educational system. It's harder
               | for me to think of a reason why 2nd gen should be
               | removed, unless the assumption is the educational
               | attainment/integration of 1st gen parents heavily biases
               | the results of their kids. I don't know if all that holds
               | up under scrutiny, though.
               | 
               | Also, because demographics aren't distributed evenly
               | geographically, I think there is probably a case that the
               | education system is different for different races (to the
               | extent that racial geographic distribution is different).
        
               | iepathos wrote:
               | > The education system is the same for all the kids
               | 
               | This is incorrect, certainly an ideal we'd all like but
               | far from reality. The educational experiences and
               | outcomes of 1st and 2nd generation immigrants can and
               | often does differ significantly from native-born
               | students. Seeing the difference in the data/scores should
               | clue you into this and helps us understand the
               | socioeconomic impact on student achievement that
               | immigration has. Language is often a large factor where
               | 1st and 2nd generation students may be speaking a
               | different language at home than they are in school. The
               | US has significantly more immigrants than other countries
               | in the world which is why not controlling for it skews
               | the data disproportionately.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | > The US has significantly more immigrants than other
               | countries in the world
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_
               | by_...
               | 
               | If that table is to believed, the US is kind of middle of
               | the pack if you sort by percentages, at 15%. It might
               | even be middle of the pack for developed countries, too
        
               | int_19h wrote:
               | As far as I can tell, that table conflates temporary
               | workers with permanent immigration, so I'm not sure how
               | useful it really is in this context.
        
               | eitally wrote:
               | Why would we not? If I _didn 't_ control for
               | demographics, I probably wouldn't have my kids in our
               | local public schools (in the wealthiest county <? - Santa
               | Clara> in the country) because the Great Schools ratings
               | show only mid-pack achievement. If I do control for
               | demographics, though, I see the white & Asian kids are
               | doing fine and it's the rest who are struggling,
               | primarily for a combination of socioeconomic &
               | immigration reasons. Given this, I'm comfortable sending
               | my kids to our neighborhood schools because I'm in the
               | fortunate demographic where kids will do well no matter
               | where you put them.
               | 
               | It's the same for any educational achievement measures,
               | including PISA. Kids from households with two parents who
               | are working professionals and college educated will do
               | fine most of the time, and kids without those privileges
               | will struggle most of the time.
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | > While US has excellent education, and immigrant children in
         | America do better than their counterparts in their countries of
         | origin, they don't do as well as the modal group of white
         | Americans
         | 
         | My experience does not track with this at all, especially in
         | the context of the very wide brush you're applying it. I was
         | involved in a lot of extracurricular events around math/science
         | in school, and it was not the white kids winning those events.
         | There were some pretty racist comments about it as well which
         | makes it stand out even more in my memory.
        
           | daseiner1 wrote:
           | Virtually all contemporary commentary surrounding race,
           | education, and intelligence in this country is essentially an
           | attempt at laundering and obfuscating the Black Problem.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | I think you're limiting your color palette, but otherwise,
             | I agree with the sentiment.
        
               | daseiner1 wrote:
               | You are correct, a trivial piece of evidence is the
               | invention and (limited) popularization of a new label [1]
               | beyond "minority"/non-white
               | 
               | 1: https://www.nytimes.com/article/what-is-bipoc.html
               | 
               | For anecdotal flavor I'll mention that I briefly worked
               | in Hollywood and casting requests trended towards "BIPOC"
               | rather than "non-white", including in roles that had no
               | evident racial component (i.e., the request was
               | indicative of an apparent desire to have a nominally
               | "diverse" cast without any real storytelling commitment
               | to the racial diversity of said character(s) and there
               | was a pronounced bias in these characters (constructed to
               | be "diverse") towards a particular sliver of racial
               | diversity).
        
             | bilbo0s wrote:
             | I don't know man?
             | 
             | I could be misunderstanding HN User dylan604, but I suspect
             | the kids winning those competitions were not white or
             | black. I could be wrong, but I think we all know who we
             | suspect were winning those competitions. And it wasn't
             | white or black kids.
        
               | daseiner1 wrote:
               | That is exactly my point. Our parent commenter was
               | disputing the fact that the broad stripe of "immigrant"
               | populations are responsible for our reduced and over all
               | disappointing scores. My comment is meant to insinuate
               | that the overly broad (and thereby meaningless) redirect
               | to a vaguely monolithic "immigrant" population (one
               | invariably implied to "not yet be assimilated!") is
               | exactly that - a redirect from the genuine problem group
               | in this country (an unnervingly underperforming one), a
               | group which is not comprised of immigrants.
               | 
               | Evidently "immigrants" is a popular term of convenience
               | for all folks - left, right, and center.
        
               | bilbo0s wrote:
               | Again, the numbers don't add up tho?
               | 
               | Maybe I'm reading the data wrong, but it _seems_ to say
               | that Pacific Islanders are the lowest performers, blacks
               | the second lowest, and Hispanics the third lowest? Again,
               | if I 'm incorrect, please do correct me.
               | 
               | So I add up, say, Pacific Islander and Black population
               | percentages, and it's _maybe_ 16.5%. I mean, the
               | weights... well put it this way, again, I could be wrong,
               | but when I remove them from the data, I can see only one
               | group that meets the target mark for being ready to learn
               | more advanced concepts.
               | 
               | ETA:
               | 
               | - Misread charts initially and mistakenly said that two
               | groups met the mark. Nope. Only one group met the mark.
               | Point being, even if we drop Pacific Islanders _and_
               | blacks from the numbers, the US wouldn 't even make the
               | top ten. We should be, at least in the top five in my
               | opinion, but that's not happening right now. And that
               | problem is occurring very much across the board. Again,
               | someone correct me if I'm wrong.
               | 
               | - Also, not sure if it is well known or not, but the
               | target TIMSS mark is 550 for being able to process next
               | concepts.
        
             | oblio wrote:
             | Based on the numbers from above, it looks like Black kids
             | are up 2%? Or maybe I don't understand what those
             | percentages mean.
        
             | tehjoker wrote:
             | Which is another way of saying that there's nothing being
             | done about inequality, the problem is worsening. Hard to
             | teach poor kids, hard for kids to get out of poverty when
             | the government literally removes anti-poverty measures
             | because it wants an underclass of workers to do shitty jobs
             | for shit pay or alternatively populations it considers
             | reserve labor (to keep wages down for employed people) or
             | expendable.
        
           | DAGdug wrote:
           | Comment is true of immigrants as a group, but it's a
           | remarkably heterogeneous pool. When you break immigrants down
           | down into East/South Asians versus White/Jewish versus
           | others, the differences in educational outcomes between these
           | splits is large.
        
             | bilbo0s wrote:
             | Yep.
             | 
             | I would go a bit further and say that Asians should be in
             | their own group altogether and not compared to anyone else
             | until the other groups are remediated. They are so far off
             | the scale, especially on the high end, that I'm not sure
             | comparisons help until we can get everyone up to, at least,
             | their neighborhood.
        
             | myth_drannon wrote:
             | It's strange to split whites into those two categories
             | since Jews represent a trivially small group, why not
             | Italian/Greek and German/Scandinavian ancestry that is
             | somewhat similar to East/South Asian split?
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | It's not strange when you hear it as the dog whistle it
               | is
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | Maybe it's meant to be a positive presentation? I
               | remember reading somewhere that Ashkenazis have excellent
               | educational attainment.
        
         | BeetleB wrote:
         | > and immigrant children in America do better than their
         | counterparts in their countries of origin, they don't do as
         | well as the modal group of white Americans
         | 
         | East and South Asian immigrants probably beg to differ.
        
           | anon291 wrote:
           | We don't exist because it's politically inconvenient to
           | remember.
        
           | xyzzyz wrote:
           | Of course you're right that children of US Asian immigrants
           | are ahead even of US whites, I mention this in my different
           | comment in this thread. However, since there are few of them
           | relative to other groups, they don't affect the distribution
           | much, so I didn't mention this for the sake of clarity, as it
           | didn't detract from my main point.
        
           | samatman wrote:
           | Well no, East and South Asian immigrants to the United States
           | do tend to outperform the median in their country of origin.
           | Acutely, in the case of South Asians.
           | 
           | So that's half of the statement, the other half is that those
           | two groups are not a large fraction of the total immigrant
           | population. As such, they affect the conclusion, in the sense
           | that removing them from consideration would make the
           | difference in question starker, but they do not change it,
           | because it's a statement about a whole of which they are but
           | a part.
        
         | zozbot234 wrote:
         | > While US has excellent education
         | 
         | The US has excellent _post-secondary_ education. K-12 seems to
         | be a mixed bag at best, especially in bang-for-the-buck terms.
        
           | xyzzyz wrote:
           | K-12 education is also leading international charts, but I
           | agree that we are most likely massively overspending on it.
        
       | whoitwas wrote:
       | This shit is sick and the divide will only expand with GOP desire
       | to privati$e public education.
        
       | nonameiguess wrote:
       | This doesn't seem to be reported here in a very illuminating way,
       | which is reflected in the comments seeming to be everyone jumping
       | to blame whatever pet peeve social issue they already have an axe
       | to grind about.
       | 
       | The scoring system on this is set up such that 500 is the
       | distribution median and 100 points is roughly 1 standard
       | deviation. The US score is 517 in math, down from 535 the last
       | time it was tested four years ago. Assuming IQ scores have to be
       | whole integers, this is like having your IQ go from 105 to 103.
       | Is that even a real difference or within normal test to test
       | variation? This isn't like measuring height, where you expect
       | almost exactly the same result every time.
        
         | piker wrote:
         | You've described an individual instance ("your IQ") while
         | considering a population variation. You're right in the first
         | instance, individual 2 point variation between tests, say, no
         | big deal. But the second, yes, you would be concerned if the
         | population's mean IQ dropped 2 points over some period.
        
       | dang wrote:
       | The report: https://timss2023.org/results/
        
       | xiaodai wrote:
       | Just import Chinese and indians
        
         | bamboozled wrote:
         | I think the plan is mass deportations from day one...not the
         | other way around.
        
         | saltymug76 wrote:
         | Great even fewer tech jobs!
        
       | troyvit wrote:
       | Can't speak for the rest of the world, but my 8th grade daughter
       | threatened to throw her iReady math test because she's tired of
       | being tested when the tests don't affect her grades. My kids are
       | over tested to the point that from their perspective the schools
       | care more about testing than learning.
        
         | trhway wrote:
         | >the tests don't affect her grades
         | 
         | Then what the grades are given for/based on?
        
         | hydrolox wrote:
         | Iready was horrible
        
       | lvl155 wrote:
       | They've been at it with this narrative for decades now: that US
       | students are bad at math and sciences. Is that why the world
       | sends their best to US for education? If China and India are so
       | great, they'd have great research institutions by now. China, and
       | now India, certainly do not lack funding. So why are they lagging
       | so badly when their gen pop is so great at math and science
       | TESTS?
       | 
       | Oh, you mean doing well on tests and tests only means absolutely
       | nothing irl. I met some great Chinese mathematicians but I also
       | met a lot of Chinese students who excelled in cheating on their
       | work. In my undergraduate years ago, I knew of this straight A
       | Chinese student who literally posted all his CS projects to be
       | done by someone in China. My idiot professors never found out
       | despite him doing it for four years. Good for him I guess because
       | he and his buddy professor went to work for Google.
        
         | anon291 wrote:
         | Hold on... the world sends their kids here for _university_. If
         | you look at top STEM programs, it 's oftentimes
         | disproportionately foreigners. This means that American kids
         | are not qualifying for those programs, while foreign students
         | are.
         | 
         | I don't know about the cheating. However, confusing higher-
         | education for K-12 is wrong.
        
           | lvl155 wrote:
           | Have you been to top tier high schools in the US? They're
           | filled with international students. It's been like this for
           | decades. Now you have that in preschools. Look up any elite
           | schools in NYC, SF, etc.
           | 
           | Americans are simply priced out of these programs. Why?
           | Because international students pay ALL CASH. If you're
           | running a mid-tier schools, would you give 20 slots to
           | American students who cannot pay full tuition or give them
           | out to international students paying full tuition while
           | increasing your "diversity" score for school ranking?
        
             | anon291 wrote:
             | These are private schools right? Sure, I agree. The well-
             | off private schools and the select few public schools in
             | rich areas are exemplary.
             | 
             | Private schools are not the norm though, and public schools
             | like that are even rarer.
             | 
             | I agree that America's education system has higher
             | variance.
        
               | lvl155 wrote:
               | Nope. I am talking about both private and public schools.
               | Go to any top tier school districts and you're going to
               | find these students. Just want to be clear that I am not
               | criticizing these students. I am criticizing the OP
               | narrative that US students are bad at math and sciences.
               | We have the best schools period. Not even close. We churn
               | out the best talent. Again not even close.
        
           | npunt wrote:
           | Yeah K12 and higher ed are vastly vastly different. There's
           | also many reasons for many foreign students at US
           | universities that are unrelated to academics:
           | 
           | - we have the best universities in the world, and lots of
           | them
           | 
           | - our universities are accessible because English is the most
           | taught/spoken language in the world
           | 
           | - foreign student population is coming from a pool of 7.7bb
           | people, whereas domestic is only 0.3bb, a 25x differential.
           | 
           | - foreign students pay full tuition, which can be several
           | times that of in-state tuition at state schools, so
           | universities seek out foreign students to pay the bills
        
         | kevinventullo wrote:
         | The best people from those countries leave for places like the
         | US at the college or grad school stage. I had a lot more Indian
         | and Chinese colleagues in college and grad school than I did in
         | high school.
        
           | lvl155 wrote:
           | That was the case 20-30 years ago. Now they are coming here
           | for preschools.
        
       | WillyWonkaJr wrote:
       | COVID causes neurological damage which includes brain damage.
       | (People who lost their sense of smell were suffering mild,
       | localized brain damage.)
       | 
       | Another observable impact is a steady rise in car crashes post
       | COVID. The data is there, but most people want to whistle past
       | the proverbial graveyard.
        
         | npunt wrote:
         | Another bit of evidence is unruly passenger reports from
         | airlines [1]. There's a kind of mass PTSD / trauma response at
         | work re covid that causes people to shy away from the obvious
         | facts about its effects on us.
         | 
         | That said, these test score effects are the result of many
         | factors, only one of which is likely mild neurological damage.
         | 
         | [1] https://x.com/AlecStapp/status/1864990443567562890
        
           | WillyWonkaJr wrote:
           | I for sure assume this is a multi-factorial problem, with
           | COVID impacts being one of many. I understand why people are
           | reluctant to acknowledge and discuss this. It would make
           | repeated COVID infections a terrifying prospect.
           | 
           | I had heard about the increase in rage outbursts, but hadn't
           | seen the unruly passenger data. Interesting! (And not in a
           | good way)
        
         | TexanFeller wrote:
         | The psychological impact of isolation from covid lockdowns,
         | disruption to routines, and uncertainty/anxiety/grief after
         | jobs were lost and small businesses closed is another plausible
         | explanation for mental changes. Remote school and remote work
         | were a terrible fit for some people who struggled to adapt to
         | working a new way. Drug use and overdoses increased. Obesity
         | rates went way up from restricted activity and people staying
         | home more. Obesity alone could explain mental decline.
        
           | WillyWonkaJr wrote:
           | Yes, but study after study shows brain damage. In fact, viral
           | reservoirs often persist in brain tissue for up to a year
           | after infection. This is why we're seeing problems with very
           | young children who were not born during lockdown or were
           | infants.
           | 
           | There were lots of additional problems, but at some point we
           | need to own up to the brain damage and other neurological
           | impacts being caused by repeated COVID infections.
        
             | TexanFeller wrote:
             | Covid isn't the only viral disease that has neurological
             | effects. Covid is probably the most thoroughly studied
             | disease in history by a mile though. It's possible we are
             | just more aware of its neuro effects due to insane levels
             | of scrutiny rather than those effects being much more
             | significant than for other common diseases.
        
       | jayde2767 wrote:
       | With educational quality being less of a Political priority in
       | this country, and the need to "teach to a standardized test"
       | being more desired, surely these results should surprise no one,
       | correct?
        
         | JKCalhoun wrote:
         | Sure. I imagine though the move to teaching to a standardized
         | test was a result of a previous failure in education. I would
         | guess because there was a lot of disparity between States.
         | 
         | I feel like education as a priority needs to be in the national
         | zeitgeist -- perhaps is not. The U.S. had it during the Cold
         | War.
         | 
         | I grew up in the 70's and there were still echoes of the Space
         | Race in the U.S. And education was fairly progressive. I even
         | went to an "experimental school" for a year where they had open
         | classrooms, emphasis on experimentation, new math, etc. (and
         | this in Kansas of all places).
         | 
         | As an example, I remember too in the 70's when the Metric
         | System was made a national priority. Until it suddenly was not.
         | (And Federal Markers, like on an highway summit, that had had
         | elevation in both feet and meters went back to just feet.)
         | 
         | During the Cold War, as now, engineering was where the high
         | paying jobs were. And living the dream life in California....
         | 
         | I'm not sure why more kids don't aspire to that today (or why
         | their parents don't foster it). Perhaps engineering is seen as
         | a difficult and stressful career, and perhaps people think
         | there are, dare I say, lazier ways to get rich?
        
         | npunt wrote:
         | Part of the beauty of tests like PISA are that, at least in the
         | US, nobody is teaching to the test because it doesn't have an
         | effect on the students, the teacher, or the school. That makes
         | it an ideal measure because it's less distorted, unlike other
         | tests. This I believe is generally the case, absent some gaming
         | from places like China, who for several years submitted PISA
         | tests only from a few of their best schools in rich areas as a
         | way to look better internationally.
        
       | BeFlatXIII wrote:
       | They weren't already at zero?
        
       | ken47 wrote:
       | I question the emphasis on averages. Moving the average of a
       | country as big as the USA is very hard, with questionable ROI.
       | 
       | The top N% in any given subject is going to drive a nation's
       | progress. We aren't going to be putting tens of millions of
       | Americans into jobs where their output is highly dependent on
       | e.g. their mathematical knowledge and ability.
       | 
       | Isn't it time to do away with the outdated goal of training
       | everyone to be a well-rounded unicorn, and let students
       | meaningfully specialize before ~25% of their life has expired?
       | 
       | For a sample size of 1, I'm confident I'd be significantly more
       | valuable economically in adulthood if I could have specialized in
       | e.g. math at an early age, rather than spending _countless_ hours
       | on subjects that I had little interest in and barely use today.
        
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