[HN Gopher] Debanking (and Debunking?)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Debanking (and Debunking?)
        
       Author : wmf
       Score  : 236 points
       Date   : 2024-12-09 22:56 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bitsaboutmoney.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bitsaboutmoney.com)
        
       | rosmax_1337 wrote:
       | >This is not the world you live in. [A world where people get
       | debanked for political reasons.]
       | 
       | I know quite a few people, and entities affected by it in Europe.
       | Some of them even personally, individual accounts, not just their
       | companies and organizations. I would elaborate, except I suspect
       | that will be counter productive. Please read site guidelines.
       | Let's agree to disagree.
       | 
       | The idea that the debanking of individuals on political basis has
       | only happened in Canada is wrong. Furthermore, this also only
       | happens to, let's say one side of the political dialogue.
        
         | do_not_redeem wrote:
         | That blog has a lot of choice quotes along the same lines.
         | Another favorite:
         | 
         | https://www.bitsaboutmoney.com/archive/money-laundering-and-...
         | 
         | > This [KYC/AML] will affect the typical user of the financial
         | system precisely zero times during their lives.
         | 
         | I've been affected by this nonsense, and so have friends and
         | family. Quite inconvenient when you're trying to buy a house
         | and trying to keep things moving on time. I may not be
         | "typical" but my mother certainly is. I can tell that patio11
         | is highly invested in the finance industry, not wanting to burn
         | bridges, and I think he is incentivized to try to make people
         | believe that KYC is beneficial and highly effective, but it's
         | just not the case. It reminds me of the people inside Google
         | working on their auto-banning systems who won't admit that it
         | doesn't always work perfectly.
        
           | otterley wrote:
           | Per the article:
           | 
           | "Debanking will also not infrequently swiftly cascade to
           | accounts in the same household, regardless of title (non-
           | specialists can round this to "name on the account"; industry
           | can't). Banks institutionally consider those accounts in the
           | same household to be highly likely to be under common
           | control, regardless of what paperwork, account holders, or
           | politically influential subcultures believe."
        
             | do_not_redeem wrote:
             | My parents live 1000 miles away and we haven't been in the
             | same household for 20 years. Either our troubles were
             | independent and uncorrelated events, or banks are crawling
             | through people's family trees like they're 23andMe. Maybe
             | my cousin who I haven't seen since we were kids did
             | something shady and tainted our whole family tree in the
             | eyes of the banks, who knows anymore.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _or banks are crawling through people 's family trees_
               | 
               | I work in securities. Our KYC screens aren't as
               | sophisticated as the banks'. We absolutely see family
               | relations. (They're typically gleaned from public records
               | and social media. It's unfortunately not uncommon for
               | kids to open accounts in parents' names and vice versa,
               | even after a long time.)
        
               | bdangubic wrote:
               | this 100%
        
               | aitchnyu wrote:
               | Umm, what does social media reveal?
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _what does social media reveal?_
               | 
               | "Family relations."
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | Of course they are crawling through people's family
               | trees. They have no idea who talks to who, but see formal
               | relationships.
        
           | broken-kebab wrote:
           | Same here. I think one must be occupying very nice couch in a
           | nice house in a 1-tier country to say that AML/KYC doesn't
           | affect 'typical' users
        
           | pjc50 wrote:
           | If people have actually read the article, they will have
           | spotted the bits where patio11 himself has been adversely
           | affected by this at least twice!
           | 
           | > I think he is incentivized to try to make people believe
           | that KYC is beneficial and highly effective
           | 
           | I don't think the article is arguing that at all. It's
           | describing the "system", not endorsing it (and explicitly
           | complaining about it in several places).
        
           | graemep wrote:
           | If nothing else having to do more paperwork is very common.
           | 
           | British banks tend to not open accounts for people abroad
           | because of the cost of KYC, and they even close accounts if
           | you move abroad. Difficult if you have assets or a pension in
           | the UK but live abroad. As you say, it makes it very hard for
           | people who move around.
           | 
           | There are definitely political biases in closing bank
           | accounts in the UK, and many cases of accounts being closed
           | because banks did not like someone's politics. Not even
           | fringe political views, associations with the previous
           | government's part has caused problems in some cases, and
           | definitely association with smaller but significant parties.
           | 
           | People also avoid taking on jobs that might make them
           | "politically exposed persons" because the rules are too
           | broad, and that (although it affects only a few people) does
           | a great deal of damage because it reduces the number of
           | people from outside in organisations, which worsens
           | governance and corruption.
        
             | Dracophoenix wrote:
             | > If nothing else having to do more paperwork is very
             | common. British banks tend to not open accounts for people
             | abroad because of the cost of KYC, and they even close
             | accounts if you move abroad.
             | 
             | How are their so many non-dom retirees if that's the case?
             | They have to have some sort of income.
        
               | jdietrich wrote:
               | As patio11 made abundantly clear in his article, banks
               | are not homogeneous in their preferred customers, their
               | ability to serve specific needs or their tolerance for
               | risk. It may well be true that some banks don't like non-
               | resident customers, but many banks offer products
               | specifically tailored for these customers.
               | 
               | https://www.expat.hsbc.com/international-
               | banking/products/ba...
               | 
               | https://www.santanderinternational.co.uk/international/pr
               | odu...
        
               | graemep wrote:
               | Not any non-resident customers. You need to deposit PS75k
               | or more with them or have an income or over PS100k.
               | 
               | i.e. you need to be far better than a British resident
               | customer to cover the extra KYC costs (its less automated
               | if you are abroad).
               | 
               | People have had accounts closed:
               | https://www.telegraph.co.uk/money/banking/barclays-to-
               | debank...
        
               | graemep wrote:
               | The term "non-dom" usually means foreigners in the UK
               | making use of the tax dodge. In that case, British banks
               | are happy to open accounts for them, especially as they
               | are rich.
               | 
               | Some accounts will be opened for other foreigners in the
               | UK - sometimes the "basic" accounts .
               | 
               | Lots of British people who have retired abroad on more
               | modest incomes have had their accounts closed:
               | https://www.telegraph.co.uk/money/banking/barclays-to-
               | debank...
        
         | Dalewyn wrote:
         | Also happening in Japan. Quite a number of big-name vendors
         | like DMM, DLsite, and others are getting heavy pressure from
         | Visa and Mastercard to censor certain merchandise for no
         | justifiable reason (as in no legal basis) and in some cases
         | have been blacklisted outright.
         | 
         | The Japanese response, and this is _after_ placating the first
         | round of censor demands, has been to reverse-blacklist Visa and
         | Mastercard because Japan realized that giving an inch only
         | means they will then demand a mile, then a league, and so on.
        
           | diptera911 wrote:
           | I feel like you are omitting the content that visa and
           | mastercard find particularly objectionable that is
           | commonplace in japan but not elsewhere.
        
             | xethos wrote:
             | This reads like an American, once again, deciding to
             | enforce American cultural norms on other nations
             | 
             | I'm not defending or condemning any of the artwork in
             | question, just pointing out that American corporations have
             | been forcing through their own cultural norms for decades,
             | even in countries where that may not always be welcome
             | 
             | In turn, this makes American corporations the arbiters of
             | what is de facto legal, despite not being the ones elected
             | to write the laws
        
             | Dalewyn wrote:
             | Your feelings as a non-Japanese have absolutely no bearing
             | on what flies in Japan.
             | 
             | Whether the content concerned is tentacle hentai, or goth
             | lolis, or genderbent King Arthur and Leonardo Da Vinci, or
             | whatever else, that stuff is legal under Japanese law and
             | Visa/MC are violating Japanese rights ordering Japanese
             | creators and merchants to censor them. Visa/MC are quite
             | literally engaging in foreign interference and subversion
             | of democracy and Japan's very culture.
        
               | habinero wrote:
               | That's a, uh, rather overheated statement and ironically,
               | a very Western point of view. Japan is one of the richest
               | nations in the world, they can (and do) run their own
               | payments systems.
               | 
               | Also, it's risible to call that stuff Japan's "very
               | culture". It's not. Otaku culture is fringe there, too.
               | Japan is not anime.
               | 
               | Also, there are plenty of legal things that are (rightly)
               | publicly shamed and ostracized.
               | 
               | For example, I don't want white supremacists to go to
               | jail for what they say, but I want their lives to be as
               | annoying and lonely as possible.
        
               | lmm wrote:
               | > For example, I don't want white supremacists to go to
               | jail for what they say, but I want their lives to be as
               | annoying and lonely as possible.
               | 
               | Do you want e.g. electricity companies to refuse to do
               | business with them? Do you think that's a private
               | business decision that doesn't need any particular right
               | of appeal or evidentiary standard?
               | 
               | (The author deliberately presents the notion that a bank
               | account is something different from a utility as though
               | this were an objective, immutable fact of nature, rather
               | than the product of choices that the financial industry
               | makes because it finds it very convenient to think of
               | itself that way)
        
               | habinero wrote:
               | The idea of making people with 19th century views
               | actually live in 19th century conditions _is_ extremely
               | amusing. We could try it, sure.
               | 
               | On a more serious note, I don't think it's accurate or
               | fair to say it's merely because of industry choices.
               | 
               | The US stretched the idea of the common carrier (ie
               | everyone has equal access to send freight on the
               | railroads) to things like oil pipelines and
               | telecommunications lines. Utilities offer services under
               | license from the government and have special rights and
               | subsidies.
               | 
               | I don't think a bank account is that similar. It's
               | essentially floating you a loan - you can cash a
               | fraudulent check and skip out with the money, for
               | example, and the bank eats the cost.
        
               | Dalewyn wrote:
               | >Japan is one of the richest nations in the world, they
               | can (and do) run their own payments systems.
               | 
               | Indeed. JCB and certain western credit cards contracted
               | with them for access into Japan (namely AMEX and
               | Discover) have no problems (and why should they) with
               | what Visa/MC want to censor.
               | 
               | >Also, it's risible to call that stuff Japan's "very
               | culture". It's not. Otaku culture is fringe there, too.
               | Japan is not anime.
               | 
               | Tentacle hentai goes back at least as far as Katsushika
               | Hokusai[1], so you are mistaken. Otaku culture is very
               | much a part of Japanese culture and inseparable.
               | 
               | >Also, there are plenty of legal things that are
               | (rightly) publicly shamed and ostracized.
               | 
               | When legal tender cannot be used for legal transactions,
               | there is a problem.
               | 
               | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Dream_of_the_Fishe
               | rman%27s...
        
               | habinero wrote:
               | > When legal tender cannot be used for legal
               | transactions, there is a problem
               | 
               | Why? Something being legal for you doesn't make it
               | compulsory for others. With limited exceptions, nobody is
               | required to do business with you.
               | 
               | Also, I must stress again that Japan is a real country
               | with real people. It is not anime, and it's even more
               | risible to point to famous historical porn and say it's
               | analogous to modern porn.
               | 
               | That's like gay slurs are deeply central to American
               | culture because the Roman poet Catallus lost his cool
               | once at some critics.[0]
               | 
               | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catullus_16
        
               | Dalewyn wrote:
               | >Why? Something being legal for you doesn't make it
               | compulsory for others.
               | 
               | Money is legal tender for all debts public and private,
               | money has value precisely because everyone can and should
               | use and accept it.
               | 
               | If banks or payment processors inhibit or prohibit my
               | ability to conduct business by refusing to transact my
               | money with no justifiable basis, then that is violating
               | my and the other party's rights to free association as
               | well as destroying the very essence of money.
               | 
               | If you truly do not see the very serious problem here,
               | I'm not sure what it will take to enlighten you.
               | 
               | >Also, I must stress again that Japan is a real country
               | with real people.
               | 
               | You are literally talking to a Japanese man, I probably
               | know about Japan more intimately than you will ever do.
               | 
               | >It is not anime
               | 
               | Otaku culture is an inseparable part of Japanese culture
               | and attacking it like Visa/MC are doing is attacking
               | Japanese culture, what part of that do you not
               | understand?
               | 
               | >it's even more risible to point to famous historical
               | porn and say it's analogous to modern porn.
               | 
               | Kinoe no Komatsu[1] is quite literally a doujinshi-
               | equivalent[2] from its time. Classic Japanese eroges are
               | sometimes featured[3] as a symbol of Japanese culture of
               | its time.
               | 
               | >That's like gay slurs are deeply central to American
               | culture because the Roman poet Catallus lost his cool
               | once at some critics.
               | 
               | Whitewashing histories and cultures is nothing short of
               | reprehensible. Whatever happened to diversity and
               | heritage?
               | 
               | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinoe_no_Komatsu
               | 
               | [2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shunga
               | 
               | [3]: https://x.com/Ian_Fisch/status/1820897232746594354 -
               | The lower screenshot (it is SFW) is from Words Worth[4].
               | The dialogue translates to English like so: _[Astral]:
               | Hey Katra... Are you always peeping at Sharon when she 's
               | naked?_
               | 
               | [4]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Words_Worth (Link is
               | SFW.)
        
               | numpad0 wrote:
               | >> When legal tender cannot be used for legal
               | transactions, there is a problem       > Why? Something
               | being legal for you doesn't make it compulsory for
               | others.
               | 
               | Because this undermines soverignity. Nation monopolizes
               | violence. There can't be a private police with its own
               | laws, that's a mafia. Once an entity has powers
               | comparable to that of the nation it resides in, within
               | few orders of magnitudes, that power must to be destroyed
               | and transferred to the government of the nation.
               | 
               | Credit card brands has it.
        
               | Dracophoenix wrote:
               | In this case, the US government, as well as the
               | governments of other nations, will tacitly impose its
               | monopoly on violence against banks, processors, and
               | merchants to ban content it doesn't like. So it was with
               | Wikileaks, and so it goes with ero-manga. The only mafia
               | are the ones prodding the credit card companies into a
               | financial dilemma between legal liability and cutting off
               | a market.
        
               | numpad0 wrote:
               | VISA isn't doing it in compliance right now. It's doing
               | its things using "global standards" as an excuse. That
               | behavior is not democratic, and such functions need to be
               | regulated out.
               | 
               | I remember seeing people debating who's the kingpin and
               | where the orders are coming from, as it'll change which
               | of anti-monopoly laws, financial transaction laws,
               | trademark laws, outsourcing laws, etc. would apply or has
               | to be amended.
               | 
               | Whoever it is, it's kind of obvious that the mafia isn't
               | a US or European official government entity or employee.
               | Last I've heard, people doing this research-activism seem
               | to have largely excluded direct involvement of VISA Inc.
               | in US as well as its Singapore subsidiary, and was poking
               | around few specific VPs in VJA or something.
        
               | rosmax_1337 wrote:
               | What is a white supremacist?
        
               | epolanski wrote:
               | That's overblown.
               | 
               | In any case, you can't force a private entity to do
               | business with you.
        
               | efitz wrote:
               | Sure you can. Power companies etc.
        
             | lmm wrote:
             | Omitting that tends to result in more productive
             | discussions. Most people are much more principled when
             | discussing in the abstract than when it comes to something
             | that they have been two minutes' hating for their whole
             | lives.
        
             | Shank wrote:
             | > I feel like you are omitting the content that visa and
             | mastercard find particularly objectionable that is
             | commonplace in japan but not elsewhere.
             | 
             | At this point, I would argue that the reasoning isn't even
             | cohesive or unified. Some sites lose all processors (e.g.,
             | Amex bails too) whereas others lose only Visa and
             | MasterCard, and the distinctions aren't made clear to end
             | users.
             | 
             | Sure, DMM and DLSite end up offering a large variety of
             | pornography, but it's not just that -- Niconico Douga's
             | premium subscription service was also blacklisted, despite
             | the fact that it's basically just YouTube Premium for
             | Japanese livestreamers (i.e., not pornography).
             | 
             | A lot of people argue that the reason is specific genres of
             | pornography, but the practical reality is that it can be
             | basically any type of content of reason. Stripe considers
             | pornography an industry that's too-hot-to-touch, for
             | example, despite the fact that some processors _do_ work
             | with pornography, and end up charging much higher processor
             | fees for the hassle. A lot of user-generated content, which
             | is wildly uncontrolled, combined with a relatively high
             | risk of refunds, can lead to this type of action without
             | necessarily transgressing a general rule like  "this
             | specific variety of pornography is bad".
        
               | Dalewyn wrote:
               | >DMM and DLSite end up offering a large variety of
               | pornography
               | 
               | What's really twisted is these same payment processors
               | seemingly have no qualms about Steam's large variety of
               | pornography[1], some of which are Japanese eroges[2]
               | (with _less /no_ censoring![3]) that DMM, et al. are
               | demanded to delist.
               | 
               | Banks and payment processors really need to stick to just
               | doing their business, which is securely storing money and
               | facilitating the transfer of money between two parties
               | regarding legal business transactions.
               | 
               | [1]: https://store.steampowered.com/adultonly/ (Warning:
               | NSFW!)
               | 
               | [2]: https://store.steampowered.com/app/1073440/__Koikats
               | u_Party/ (Warning: NSFW!)
               | 
               | [3]: https://store.steampowered.com/app/955560/Evenicle/
               | (Warning: NSFW!)
        
               | numpad0 wrote:
               | It's clearly Japanese amateur content publishing economy
               | that they are after. They're leaving professional
               | comic/porn sections of same websites as-is, while cutting
               | off multiple amateur bookstore chains[1] altogether. This
               | is not even double standards.
               | 
               | Their intent is undoubtedly to throw wrenches into
               | Japanese manga ecosystem that incubate and train authors
               | rather effectively through out-of-economy feedback
               | mechanisms in social media and self publishing, massively
               | supercharged in the past decade through Twitter; it had
               | proved immune to foreign replication attempts, financial
               | incentives, leverages, even generative AI tools[2]. Those
               | tools don't do much, other than raising barrier to entry
               | by raising expectations and bolstering Japanese
               | dominance.
               | 
               | Some crazy person somewhere must be on a cultural crusade
               | trying to "solve" that problem, not understanding that
               | trying to deny financial incentives just widens the cost-
               | performance gap between Japan and the rest of the West by
               | suppressing market valuation of Japanese manga and anime,
               | allowing it to be more heavily subsidized by authors'
               | dayjobs. _They never made money in manga_. Introducing
               | money to disinterested then refusing it achieves nothing.
               | Otherwise it makes no sense.
               | 
               | 1: as in small videogame-shop-like franchises that
               | specialize in casual self-published books - yes, that's a
               | thing in Japan.
               | 
               | 2: AI is completely useless in manga, I mean, there's no
               | way copyright flamewar and watermarking movement existed
               | if it worked. Pornographic voice drama authors[3] are
               | loving it for generating cover arts for free. But even
               | they don't look interested in AI content generation, they
               | just love free covers.
               | 
               | 3: yes, it's a thing in Japanese language, seem to be
               | steadily growing even among English speakers. They're
               | picking up Japanese _fast_. The hardest language on
               | Earth, not anymore.
        
           | throwaway2037 wrote:
           | Classic HN bullshit:                   > censor certain
           | merchandise
           | 
           | Zero evidence provided. Zero examples provided.
        
             | Dalewyn wrote:
             | https://x.com/fantia_jp/status/1792811477256343764
             | 
             | The following links are all NSFW because they are from
             | Sankaku Complex, you have been warned:
             | 
             | https://news.sankakucomplex.com/2024/11/10/japanese-
             | bookstor...
             | 
             | https://news.sankakucomplex.com/2024/08/19/japanese-
             | politici...
             | 
             | https://news.sankakucomplex.com/2024/08/03/tora-no-ana-
             | alleg...
             | 
             | https://news.sankakucomplex.com/2024/08/11/tora-no-ana-
             | cuts-...
             | 
             | https://news.sankakucomplex.com/2024/05/11/japanese-video-
             | si...
             | 
             | https://news.sankakucomplex.com/2023/11/14/japanese-
             | netizens...
             | 
             | You may now crawl back to your throwaway den from whence
             | you came.
        
               | CyberDildonics wrote:
               | _You may now crawl back to your throwaway den from whence
               | you came._
               | 
               | Their account is actually older than yours.
        
               | Dalewyn wrote:
               | Be that as it may, he chose to call himself
               | "throwaway<#>" instead of something more distinctive.
        
         | WinstonSmith84 wrote:
         | The middle class and below live paycheck to paycheck so that's
         | an issue they don't have. I suppose the author refers to this
         | (ironically or not)
         | 
         | But debanking happens, or has happened, to _almost_ everybody
         | who has some assets and cash, probably from the higher middle
         | class until the ~1% .. as for the super wealthy, this class
         | enjoys offshore private banking, has assets split into dozens
         | of accounts and is mostly unbothered by AML.
        
           | epolanski wrote:
           | You need to provide data behind your claim that debanking is
           | so widespread as to use the word almost everybody.
           | 
           | Never ever heard any person I know being denied banking
           | services, except for some unlucky (were they?) entrepreneur
           | with very shady is-he-laundering-money situations.
        
             | throwaway2037 wrote:
             | I feel exactly the same. I tire of people on HN talking
             | about their accounts being closed but providing 10% of the
             | relevant information to their case. I have said it before
             | and I will say it again: If your accounts are wrongfully
             | closed, immediately: (1) Visit your your bank in protest
             | and meet with the branch manager and (2) send physical
             | letter of complaint to (a) local branch (b) head office (c)
             | national bank regulator and make it clear you have CC'd
             | all. I bet 99% of legit cases will be reinstated within 30
             | days.
        
             | sroussey wrote:
             | Small VCs have this de-banking problem. Their patterns for
             | cash and not conducive to want banks want and large banks
             | will regularly close them down.
        
           | loeg wrote:
           | > debanking happens, or has happened, to _almost_ everybody
           | who has some assets and cash
           | 
           | I don't think this is true. I know many people with assets
           | and as far as I know, none of them has been debanked. Surely
           | I would know someone who has been debanked if almost
           | everybody with assets has been.
        
           | astrange wrote:
           | > The middle class and below live paycheck to paycheck so
           | that's an issue they don't have.
           | 
           | You mean they answer surveys saying they do, according to
           | surveys published in press releases from payday lenders.
           | 
           | They also answer surveys from the Fed saying they have median
           | $8k in bank accounts and that they can pay 3 months of
           | expenses in cash.
           | 
           | These two things are contradictory.
        
             | jvanderbot wrote:
             | More likely different people are represented in the surveys
             | and general trends are erroneously extrapolated from non-
             | representative populations
        
               | santoshalper wrote:
               | Much more likely is that self-reporting is notoriously
               | unreliable and "paycheck to paycheck" is a state of mind.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | We're better at doing surveys than that.
               | 
               | If you look in the details of the "paycheck to paycheck"
               | surveys, people reporting they make 200k+ a year also say
               | yes to that, so I think it's just unclear what they think
               | it means.
        
           | lancesells wrote:
           | > But debanking happens, or has happened, to _almost_
           | everybody who has some assets and cash, probably from the
           | higher middle class until the ~1%
           | 
           | Can you back up this claim? The wealthier you are the less
           | chance you're going to be debanked. Marc Andressen and all
           | the crypto bros will never have an issue with debanking.
           | Banks are rolling out the red carpet for him and everyone
           | else with his net worth.
           | 
           | What they (1%) want is to own the bank and own (and create)
           | the currency without ever having to be an actual bank. They
           | invest in crypto to make a massive profit, and it's foolish
           | to play along with these things as some sort of benefit to
           | society. Together these guys could end world hunger and still
           | have more money than they would ever need, but no, they've
           | decided VBucks are a pressing issue.
        
         | Yeul wrote:
         | We live in a society. There were a bunch of pedos in the
         | Netherlands who tried to start a political party to change age
         | of consent. It did not go well for them.
        
         | elric wrote:
         | I too know of such people in Europe. Including people in
         | perfectly legal industries, and refugees from war torm
         | countries.
         | 
         | Banks are a necessary evil, but evil all the same.
        
       | porridgeraisin wrote:
       | Jeez, had the article been any more drawn out we could have
       | connected them to a publisher.
        
       | SuperNinKenDo wrote:
       | This is a very strange read. My initial feeling was that it was
       | an awful lot of verbal gesticulation aimed at simple gaslighting.
       | Having read most of it at this point it almost reads like it's
       | trying to confirm the hypothesis while saying it's doing the
       | opposite. I really dunno what to make of the piece, but it's kind
       | of an exhausting read.
        
         | ls612 wrote:
         | I think you are exactly right. patio11 both wants to
         | communicate a point and also understands that communicating
         | certain points can lead to really bad outcomes for you and your
         | family. Thus he often writes that way about topics where
         | powerful individuals might wish to harm him for his opinions.
         | Such is the way the world really works, regardless of whatever
         | naive people were taught in school about freedom of expression.
         | "If you give me six lines written by the hand of the most
         | honest of men, I will find something in them which will hang
         | him."
        
           | walterbell wrote:
           | We need a good name for this style of writing.
        
             | ls612 wrote:
             | samizdat
        
               | walterbell wrote:
               | perhaps, _patiotic_ :)
        
             | do_not_redeem wrote:
             | Sounds like this:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aesopian_language
        
               | walterbell wrote:
               | Indeed. Also linked from that article, https://en.wikiped
               | ia.org/wiki/Persecution_and_the_Art_of_Wri...
               | 
               |  _> prior to the 19th century, Western scholars commonly
               | understood that philosophical writing is not at home in
               | any polity, no matter how liberal.. In questioning
               | established opinions.. pre-modern philosophers found it
               | necessary to convey their messages obliquely. Their  "art
               | of writing" was the art of esoteric communication. This
               | is all the more apparent in medieval times, when
               | heterodox political thinkers wrote under the threat of
               | the Inquisition or comparably strict tribunals._
        
       | makeitdouble wrote:
       | I'm not sure I got the gist of it right, but not willing to go a
       | second time.
       | 
       | This was specifically about banks and their regulation, and I
       | think it misses the more vague and less accurate sense that
       | financial institutions can remove players and customers from the
       | market basically at will, which would be the reason given by
       | people going to crypto IMHO.
       | 
       | To his point it doesn't fit "debanking", but if tomorrow VISA and
       | Mastercard decide your online business is stinky, holding a bank
       | account won't help you in any useful way.
       | 
       | That's basically what happened with Porn, where even if you had a
       | very tightly managed and stricly lawful business (let's say you
       | produce clay stop motion porn movies), you'd still be kicked off
       | payment platforms.
       | 
       | Sure there can also be interesting discussions about actual bank
       | account closures, but I think it's a lot more of a minority,
       | there's better recourses, and most decent countries will be
       | willing to guarantee citizens can get some form of banking
       | whatever their situation.
        
         | dalemhurley wrote:
         | You missed the point, banks have costs, banks are companies,
         | banks must be profitable otherwise they collapse, crypto is
         | very expensive to bank, banks have difficulty making profits on
         | funds sourced from crypto, a responsible business you must
         | prioritise (queens English) profitable customers.
        
           | makeitdouble wrote:
           | My understanding is that crypto is expensive to banks because
           | crypto is expensive to any legal entity in general.
           | 
           | And crypto kings not being able to hold their coins in their
           | bank account doesn't sound like "debanking" to me, because it
           | never was banked in the first place (some banks sure did
           | handle it, but not the ones they're crying about).
           | 
           | I also can't get my bank to hold my beany babies either, and
           | nobody calls that being debanked.
        
             | lmz wrote:
             | It's not about storing crypto - it's about storing fiat
             | currency for crypto companies.
        
               | makeitdouble wrote:
               | Thanks, I wasn't getting it and it's a bit clearer.
        
               | sroussey wrote:
               | Same problem for marijuana companies.
        
               | wmf wrote:
               | The difference is that marijuana is illegal at the
               | federal level while crypto is (nominally) legal.
        
               | dalemhurley wrote:
               | It is not about legality. It is about the costs exceed
               | the ability to make a profit, it all has to do with
               | liquidity and capital requirements to mitigate the risks.
               | If you want to blame anyone, blame all the scam artists
               | and criminals that targeted crypto. The banks cannot
               | profitable mitigate the risks. If a bank cannot make
               | profits they will collapse.
        
               | dalemhurley wrote:
               | Yes it is, crypto is wanting to use banks for the storage
               | of funds, but the banks cannot afford the cost of doing
               | so, because it costs money to manage the massive risk.
        
         | zajio1am wrote:
         | That pretty much depend on country. Here in Europe, it is
         | common to pay online by bank transfers, not by payment cards.
        
           | alibarber wrote:
           | There's quite a lot of variance across the country of Europe.
           | 
           | Bank transfers are indeed common but implying that payment
           | cards are not is a bit of a misnomer - and the (buyer)
           | protection offered by the card networks is much higher.
           | 
           | I guess my point is, that even in Europe, accepting only Bank
           | transfers is going to limit your client base fairly
           | significantly and to a sizeable number of people will be
           | considered a signal of how much they can trust the vendor.
        
             | codetrotter wrote:
             | Yeah that stuck out for me too. Europe consists of a huge
             | number of different countries.
             | 
             | And what the GP was saying is not at all my experience in
             | my country, which is also in Europe.
             | 
             | Broad statements about Europe as a whole are often going to
             | be very inaccurate for many of the countries in Europe.
        
           | carlosjobim wrote:
           | You don't deserve to be down voted for your comment, because
           | what you wrote is true. Depending on what kind of product
           | you're selling online, you can expect about half of Europeans
           | to pay by card and half by bank wire, if given both options.
           | 
           | Removing the ability to pay by card, I'd estimate the
           | business would lose a substantial share of clients, maybe in
           | the range of 25%.
        
           | KineticLensman wrote:
           | > Here in Europe, it is common to pay online by bank
           | transfers, not by payment cards.
           | 
           | UK here. I pay my window cleaner and my tree surgeon by a
           | bank transfer (from my bank's phone app app). If I buy a
           | thing or service online or in a shop I pay using a credit
           | card. It's almost unheard for medium to large companies to
           | offer their bank details for a transfer.
        
         | tredre3 wrote:
         | > Sure there can also be interesting discussions about actual
         | bank account closures, but I think it's a lot more of a
         | minority, there's better recourses, and most decent countries
         | will be willing to guarantee citizens can get some form of
         | banking whatever their situation.
         | 
         | I think you're just speaking form your personal point of view
         | as an entrepreneur. Losing access to the payment system would
         | be the end of your career, yes. But losing the ability to hold
         | a basic checking account would be a death sentence for most
         | normal citizens, including you.
         | 
         | Think of everything that is primarily paid in checks or bank
         | transfers. Think of all your income that you receive primarily
         | in checks or bank transfers form.
         | 
         | Now think of using cash for those use cases. You'll quickly
         | find that it's untenable and sometimes plain impossible.
         | Cashing a personal check your grandma sent you? Forget about
         | it. Cashing a pay check? Go to one of those cash-for-check
         | places that keep 20% of it!
        
           | pjdesno wrote:
           | "death sentence": about 5 million households in the US do not
           | have checking accounts. Although it's a great inconvenience,
           | and in many cases may be an injustice, it doesn't seem
           | incompatible with life.
           | 
           | Note that a "normal" checking account customer poses
           | basically zero risk to a bank - money goes in via direct
           | deposit, comes out via debit, ACH, and withdrawals, and the
           | bank is never left holding the bag.
           | 
           | From the article: Employees of crypto companies are not
           | "normal" bank customers. Recent history shows that there is a
           | significant risk that they may deposit commingled funds from
           | their employer, which (a) puts the bank at risk for huge
           | money-laundering fines, and (b) puts it at additional risk (I
           | think?) if the crypto company fails.
           | 
           | If you have a credit score of 300 and complain about not
           | being able to get a mortgage, I won't have a lot of sympathy.
           | If your employment history is spotty and you're not a full-
           | time employee, I might have more sympathy but I'll still
           | understand why it would be hard to get a loan.
           | 
           | It turns out that if you work for a crypto company, you're a
           | bigger risk to the bank than someone with bad credit is to a
           | mortgage lender, as the possible losses are far higher than
           | the amount of money they'd ever make off of you, and the
           | fraction of crypto companies that have gone down that route
           | is uncomfortably high. Oh well.
           | 
           | BTW, Walmart charges $4 to cash checks less than $1000, and
           | $8 for $1000-$5000. If Grandma's check is $200 or less, it
           | will cost $6. Your local post office will sell you a money
           | order (up to $1000) for about $3, and you can get prepaid
           | credit cards to pay online bills at your local 7-11, again
           | for prices in the single digits.
        
       | olalonde wrote:
       | I don't think anything was truly debunked here. Debanking is
       | indeed a side-effect of AML laws and regulators, but as the
       | article highlights, these laws are largely ineffective at
       | stopping actual money launderers. Meanwhile, the vast majority of
       | debanked customers are innocent. AML laws should be repealed
       | entirely. Law enforcement should do their job and investigate
       | crimes, rather than outsourcing this responsibility to financial
       | institutions and effectively forcing them to be the "judge, jury,
       | and executioner."
        
         | nyclounge wrote:
         | >Law enforcement should do their job and investigate crimes,
         | rather than outsourcing this responsibility to financial
         | institutions and effectively forcing them to be the "judge,
         | jury, and executioner."
         | 
         | Think there have being big pressure from banks and financial
         | institutions to centralize power. AML laws seems just a way for
         | the regulators to do it.
        
           | walterbell wrote:
           | _> pressure .. to centralize power_
           | 
           | Social law and order rests upon consent of the governed.
           | 
           | Social contracts are abrogated when legal power is hijacked.
           | 
           | Indirection of motive via narrative, math or physics is not
           | consent.
        
           | tadfisher wrote:
           | Banks and financial institutions see AML as a necessary cost
           | center to continue operating as a business. They would gladly
           | fire 90% of their compliance department if they didn't have
           | to write hourly memos to FinCEN and join conference calls
           | with the Fed. Power and money correlate, but money is
           | ultimately what does the talking.
        
         | vishnugupta wrote:
         | I didn't read the article but I do agree with you completely.
         | I've noticed this repeatedly where if I've to move a small sum
         | of money in/out of my country I need to fill 20 letters and 50
         | if it's a business. But if I have to move say $100MM? Banks
         | will roll out a red carpet, no questions asked.
         | 
         | If it's left to the banks they are all too happy to serve
         | anyone with money, we have quite a few examples[1] of that.
         | Regulators want banks make examples of _anyone_ which banks do
         | by harassing small businesses which won 't have monetary impact
         | to banks' bottomline. My gut feeling is even regulators don't
         | care much, they just want to pretend to the voters that they
         | are trying to do something, anything.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.icij.org/investigations/fincen-files/hsbc-
         | moved-...
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Jewish_Congress_lawsuit_...
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _if I have to move say $100MM? Banks will roll out a red
           | carpet, no questions asked_
           | 
           | What are you basing this on? Every nine-figure wire I've seen
           | issued was _far_ more involved to get authorised than
           | anything sub-million. (For obvious fucking reasons.)
        
           | throwaway2037 wrote:
           | > I've noticed this repeatedly where if I've to move a small
           | sum of money in/out of my country I need to fill 20 letters
           | and 50 if it's a business.
           | 
           | More HN bullshit! Please explain the first 10-25 letters,
           | then we will judge!
        
         | makeitdouble wrote:
         | > these laws are largely ineffective at stopping actual money
         | launderers
         | 
         | Money laundering could be the "think about the children"
         | relying cry of the financial world. If international entities
         | want better control over financial exchanges and a window into
         | people's money, playing the money laundering card is a
         | guarantee to get it passed without having to justify it that
         | much.
         | 
         | The degree to which it has affected regular/everyday banking is
         | pretty astounding, and is probably exactly what the regulators
         | wanted from the start.
        
           | commandlinefan wrote:
           | > Money laundering could be the "think about the children"
           | 
           | My hyper-liberatrianism is showing, but I've always been
           | slightly irritated with money "laundering" being a crime in
           | the first place. It's pretty far removed from the actual
           | harm: money laundering is illegal because drugs are illegal
           | and drugs are illegal because when people do drugs they do
           | things that actually cause harm (to others and themselves).
           | Like... I get the cause-and-effect chain there, but there's
           | no evidence that these laws help anyway and they definitely
           | hurt.
        
         | egorfine wrote:
         | > these laws are largely ineffective at stopping actual money
         | launderers
         | 
         | This is a non-goal. Taking it at face value is extremely naive,
         | and no one in the fintech world thinks this way.
         | 
         | AML laws exist solely for the purpose of enforcing the American
         | grip on the world's politics via financial means.
        
           | throwaway2037 wrote:
           | What about Europe/Japan/Australia/NZ? They don't care about
           | AML? This is really a stretch.
        
             | egorfine wrote:
             | Every financial system in the world that remotely matters
             | is a member of FinCEN and adheres to the same rules.
             | 
             | Except the US of course.
        
         | empath75 wrote:
         | > these laws are largely ineffective at stopping actual money
         | launderers.
         | 
         | Let's think about what the purpose of money laundering laws is.
         | Nobody really cares about people concealing the source of their
         | income in the general case. There's no purpose for money
         | laundering laws just for that purpose alone.
         | 
         | The reason that money laundering laws exist is that one way to
         | discover and prosecute crimes that people actually care about
         | (human trafficking, drug dealing, various kinds of fraud,
         | terrorism) is to "follow the money", and if criminals can
         | successfully launder their money, it makes it easier to get
         | away with their criminal activity.
         | 
         | The second reason that it exists is that money laundering
         | _itself_ is often a much easier crime to prosecute than the
         | underlying offense is. What KYC and AML laws do, and are
         | extremely successful at is _not_ preventing money laundering.
         | That would actually be undesirable for prosecutors! What KYC
         | and AML laws do is allow people to money launder while creating
         | a wonderful paper trail for prosecutors to follow and build a
         | case on when they take an interest in someone from crimes they
         | actually do care about. Chances are if you are money
         | laundering, you have at some point lied on a banking form,
         | which is a prosecutable crime, and a lot easier to prosecute
         | than drug dealing and other crimes are, sometimes.
        
         | RetpolineDrama wrote:
         | Yep. AML and KYC laws are unconstitutional.
        
       | typeofhuman wrote:
       | How do they not mention what happened to Kanye West?
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | I assume Kayne found another bank, just like patio11 did after
         | he got debanked. Those stories aren't that interesting. The
         | juicy cases are when _no_ bank will deal with someone.
        
       | roenxi wrote:
       | > ... [debanking] often gets conflated with declining to open an
       | account for a person or a business ...
       | 
       | A reasonable perspective. But the obvious follow up is what one
       | pithy word should be used to describe this activity? The
       | proffered terms (offboarding, derisking) are being suggested by
       | the industry with an obvious political motive to minimise the
       | significance of what they are doing.
       | 
       | There is an ongoing war against the pornography industry that has
       | been waged in part through payment processing. The entire thing
       | is an intense mish-mash of poverty, wealth, politics, drama,
       | technology and major social forces clashing with each other. It
       | isn't appropriate to talk about that sort of action in bland
       | terms. There is an attempt being made to sculpt society by
       | leveraging the financial system. The implementation details of
       | that isn't "offboarding" or "derisking" - it is much more in the
       | spirit of a word like "debanking".
       | 
       | I'm with the activists on this one. It makes more sense to
       | redefine the word debanking to cover politically motivated (or
       | even motivated by business-logic) denial of a bank account. These
       | are not bland administrative decisions.
        
       | blindriver wrote:
       | Bleah this post was overly wordy by 10X and so meandering it was
       | really hard to read. I gave up after 15 mins and realized I was
       | only 1/3 of the way through. My suggestion to the author is to
       | break this up into smaller essays and be more succinct with less
       | meandering.
        
       | declan_roberts wrote:
       | What's the point of this windy article? An allusion to "debanking
       | people is OK actually!"
       | 
       | Allowing the bank remove your financial lifeline via some opaque
       | and kafkaesque process where you have zero recourse is not OK and
       | we should not tolerate it.
        
         | wbl wrote:
         | There are many banks out there that aggressively complete.
        
           | palmfacehn wrote:
           | This is a valid point. Banks should compete for customers by
           | providing value. They should also be free to decline
           | customers to ensure quality. However, debanking due to
           | perceived or real regulatory risk is ultimately a political
           | act. The banks may not be exclusively political actors, but
           | they are incentivized to act outside of market concerns by
           | state pressure.
           | 
           | Similarly, one of the alleged intentions of the
           | cryptocurrency movement was to decouple the state from
           | monetary control.
        
             | wbl wrote:
             | No it isn't political it's a "you guys are expensive and
             | flighty and killed two banks that served you" decision. VCs
             | pull money out of banks having a hard time while JP Morgan
             | put money in.
        
           | stainablesteel wrote:
           | there's really only a small number of banks in the US after
           | the 2008 crash, they were all consolidated. what used to be
           | thousands became like 3
        
             | TeaBrain wrote:
             | At the end of 2023, there were still over 4000 commercial
             | banks in the US.
             | 
             | https://banks.data.fdic.gov/explore/historical/?displayFiel
             | d...
        
         | tadfisher wrote:
         | This is specifically a response to Andreessen conflating crypto
         | offboarding with "debanking" on Rogan. The goal is to inform
         | you about the regulatory and political environment around
         | banking and crypto in general, and to warn you to be wary when
         | a crypto investor uses terms like "debanking" to rally favor
         | for their cause, which is to integrate crypto into the banking
         | sector.
        
         | empath75 wrote:
         | > An allusion to "debanking people is OK actually!"
         | 
         | Literally the opposite of what he says. He says it happens too
         | often to too many people, and that mostly it happens to people
         | who are immigrants or don't speak english well or are
         | financially illiterate, or just generally people at the
         | margins, and not to privileged crypto bros.
        
         | timerol wrote:
         | The point is that reality is more complicated than short
         | statements (which often embed political assumptions) can
         | express, and understanding the reality of the situation is
         | useful, especially to people who want to change the system.
        
       | Phil_Latio wrote:
       | Another perspective from Europe:
       | 
       | In Germany the political climate is so bad that the domestic
       | intelligence publicly confirms on social media that they have
       | person so and so on their radar. This had no consequences. Let
       | that sink in. In such a climate it's sometimes enough to publicly
       | scold a bank on social media to have blogger XY as their customer
       | to trigger debanking. In one case, some blogger called a
       | politician "fat", which caused the FBI equivalent to request the
       | bank account history from the bloggers bank, which ultimately
       | caused debanking.
       | 
       | So in Germany it's used more Stasi like, meaning protection of
       | the government. They changed the objective so that the scope of
       | the domestic intelligence is no longer groups of people who want
       | to overthrow the system, but also individuals that "deligitimize
       | the government and it's representatives". That is, criticism
       | about the Covid measures can put you on the radar of domestic
       | intelligence. An independent left wing journalist did a FOIA
       | request and found out she's on the radar because of just that.
       | 
       | A perfect climate for debanking measures and some hint on what is
       | going on with Germany in case you wonder...
        
         | the_mitsuhiko wrote:
         | > which caused the FBI equivalent to request the bank account
         | history from the bloggers bank, which ultimately caused
         | debanking.
         | 
         | I don't know which person you have in mind but the situation in
         | Europe can't be directly compared since you have a right to a
         | bank account. You _cannot_ be debanked. You have a right to a
         | "base account" (under some conditions).
        
           | Phil_Latio wrote:
           | Debanking to me doesn't just mean "no bank account". It
           | starts with closing of accounts without being given a reason
           | and the constant fear that any new account will be closed as
           | well. For businesses this has even bigger implications.
           | 
           | You a right: There is base account meant for refugees,
           | homeless people, indebted people... This is nothing more than
           | a safety net for when you are at the bottom of society. You
           | can't do business with it etc... If someone where to be
           | forced to register such an account because all banks closed
           | the normal accounts without giving a reason, I'd still
           | consider it debanked.
        
             | bcye wrote:
             | Why can you not do business with it?
        
               | Phil_Latio wrote:
               | Well I guess you can probably use such an account for
               | sole proprietorship, meaning doing business in your own
               | name with full liability etc...
        
       | csomar wrote:
       | I am sorry but the OP is writing a lengthy article to legitimize
       | his claim?
       | 
       | Here is the point, as I see it and it is very simple: If having a
       | bank account is a requirement to operate legally, a bank can NOT
       | refuse any customer unless they have been barred by a court. It
       | doesn't matter whether you are selling crypto, weed, porn or
       | socks.
       | 
       | This is done in France, and many other countries by the way. The
       | bank has an obligation to service, as your life's obligations
       | requires such a bank account.
       | 
       | Pat went on a dozens of pages of non-sense to avoid this
       | particular point explaining how the banking system work, the bank
       | obligations and other crap. It's just a bunch of filler non-sense
       | that doesn't address the core point.
        
         | tptacek wrote:
         | That doesn't make any sense. As the article points out, it's
         | akin to saying that a lender must loan to you unless they've
         | been barred by a court. The accounts you are thinking about are
         | all, under the hood, lines of credit, even though they don't
         | look like that.
        
           | csomar wrote:
           | Since the Fed is the provider of the liquidity and also sets
           | the rules on what is a collateral and what is not, I say yes,
           | the bank must loan you the money as long as you satisfy the
           | conditions of the loan.
           | 
           | The bank is roughly a re-seller of the Fed liquidity. They
           | shouldn't be an arbiter of who gets to access that liquidity
           | but rather an administrative entity that follows the rules.
        
             | tptacek wrote:
             | That doesn't make sense. When your business account stiffs
             | a bunch of customers who get their ACH transactions
             | reversed, and you're insolvent, your bank has to pay off
             | those transactions. It can't just go to the Fed and say
             | "give me money to cover for this insolvent business".
             | 
             | Your bank is not in fact literally just a front end for the
             | Fed.
        
           | alexey-salmin wrote:
           | No, it's not akin to that. You can live without loans but you
           | can't leave without a debit bank account.
           | 
           | As the parent points out there's indeed such a law in France
           | but from personal experience I can tell that it doesn't
           | prevent the bank from closing your account without an
           | explanation (the explanation I was given off-record was my
           | citizenship). The law merely forces the bank to open you an
           | account which can later be closed. So definitely the right
           | direction but IMO not far enough.
        
             | tptacek wrote:
             | A debit bank account _is a line of credit_. It effectively
             | is a loan.
        
               | alexey-salmin wrote:
               | You're not participating in a good faith discussion. Yes,
               | it is technically a line of credit but it's not the
               | reason why you're being refused service. Overdraft risks
               | for a personal account are small and can easily be
               | accounted-for in the service fee or via insurance (which
               | is the same in the end).
               | 
               | The reason for account closure is the fear of anti-AML
               | laws and sanctions that have nothing to do with loans.
               | Banks in fact love offering small loans and it's not
               | uncommon to have your account closed while having a pre-
               | approved loan at the same time -- these are different
               | bank divisions in action.
               | 
               | And in any case, turning personal debit accounts into
               | credit accounts is not something that was asked for. I
               | lived long enough to have used Visa Electron and Maestro
               | cards that made most of overdraft scenarios impossible.
               | It was the banking industry decision to get rid of them.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | The entire article is about why that isn't true in the
               | cases he's talking about.
        
               | alexey-salmin wrote:
               | What exactly isn't true? That compliance is the reason
               | why accounts get closed?
               | 
               | As far as I understood the article this is the main
               | reason he gives. Loans or other objective reasons that
               | can make the interaction with the client unprofitable are
               | only drawn as (bad) analogies and not as the actual
               | explanation.
        
               | mikaraento wrote:
               | To be charitable, I think tptacek was referring to a
               | variant of "accounts aren't closed because of credit
               | risk" as not being true. The credit risk talked about in
               | the article was ACH reversals with a bankrupt account
               | owner falling on the bank, rather than overdrafts.
        
             | the_mitsuhiko wrote:
             | > the explanation I was given off-record was my citizenship
             | 
             | That seems fishy and can't be right. The only way this
             | would work is if you don't have residence but not because
             | you have the wrong citizenship.
        
               | alexey-salmin wrote:
               | I have a multi-year titre de sejour, the problem is the
               | Russian citizenship. I guess banks don't want to figure
               | out who's sanctioned and who's not, refusing service is
               | safer.
               | 
               | The first wave of account closures in 2022 was absurdly
               | wide and even affected some French citizens. It was a
               | scandal that got some coverage in the news [1][2][3]. I
               | suspect the filter was the birthplace which is known to
               | the bank, even though some media speculated it was about
               | names. IMO names would be insane even for a bank, however
               | I can imagine a name being one of the inputs for an
               | opaque ML risk-scoring model.
               | 
               | French citizens that I know of got their accounts
               | reinstantiated, but foreign nationals continue to
               | struggle to this day. There's a collective lawsuit going
               | on but it will take years to achieve anything withhin the
               | french justice system.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.lepoint.fr/societe/comptes-bancaires-
               | bloques-en-...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.nouvelobs.com/entreprises/20220726.OBS613
               | 66/des-...
               | 
               | [3] https://www.lesechos.fr/finance-marches/banque-
               | assurances/en...
        
               | the_mitsuhiko wrote:
               | Sounds like a case of being in the right is not enough.
               | The law in theory prevents this kind of stuff, but it
               | might not have done enough of a job here.
               | 
               | Since my wife is Russian and we have lots of Russian
               | friends we're not blind to these checks, but in all cases
               | they were resolved by submitting residence documents.
               | Success rate was 100%.
               | 
               | Of folks that were not residents however or that did not
               | manage to prove their residence, very few got their
               | accounts re-instantiated. We also had a case of someone
               | who was not able to keep their account until they stopped
               | receiving a Russian salary.
        
               | alexey-salmin wrote:
               | Out of curiosity, which country are you in?
               | 
               | Based on my network of ex-colleagues who are now
               | scattered all across Europe the best banking experience
               | for foreigners is in Netherlands and the worst is in
               | France, Spain and Poland. Germany is somewhere in the
               | middle, for other countries I don't have datapoints.
               | 
               | The best part about Europe is the common market that
               | includes online banking. Revolut and Bunq seem to accept
               | all legal residents and that's enough for 90% of basic
               | services. Life would be much harder without them.
        
               | the_mitsuhiko wrote:
               | Austria, but we both made personal and indirect
               | experiences through friends all over the place. For
               | instance my wife has accounts also in the UK and Estonia
               | (guess why) and it was all pretty much the same thing. I
               | have no experience in the Netherlands but friends moved
               | to Poland and Spain (among other countries) and it all
               | was absolutely fine.
               | 
               | The only people that ran into issues had monetary
               | transfers in and out of Russia or folks who did not
               | manage to actually immigrate properly. With regards to
               | monetary transfers in and out of Russia, I even have that
               | as an Austrian citizen, that to me is largely an
               | unrelated problem to citizenship.
        
               | csomar wrote:
               | No citizenship is a major factor. For example, Syrians
               | are a very red flag in many countries and many banks
               | outright denies them service. If you are from North
               | Korea, you'd be delusional to think that you can just
               | show up at a "western" bank and walk out with a bank
               | card.
        
               | AnAfrican wrote:
               | patio11 himself has mentioned in many podcasts that the
               | sanctions following the Russian invasion of Ukraine may
               | have affected Ukrainian persons or businesses as they
               | include territory currently occupied by Russia (perhaps
               | more so than Russian persons or businesses themselves).
               | 
               | Many western financial institutions simply won't keep
               | track of who holds Nikopol or Enerhodar and will close
               | account held by Ukrainian people or business.
               | 
               | (and when you think about the possibility of the account
               | holder lying, it gets worse)
        
               | the_mitsuhiko wrote:
               | The person I replied to is in the EU where rather strict
               | rules exist that prohibit this kind of nonsense.
        
               | AnAfrican wrote:
               | The basic account thing ?
               | 
               | Does that apply to US citizens (legally residing in the
               | EU) that routinely get denied bank accounts because the
               | bank don't want to deal with the IRS ?
               | 
               | May be he probably could bank with LaPoste.
               | 
               | Beyond that, I wonder if you really believe that the EU
               | has no Anti-Money Laudering / Counter Finance Terrorism
               | laws.
        
               | the_mitsuhiko wrote:
               | > Does that apply to US citizens (legally residing in the
               | EU) that routinely get denied bank accounts because the
               | bank don't want to deal with the IRS ?
               | 
               | Yes, it applies to every legal resident.
               | 
               | > Beyond that, I wonder if you really believe that the EU
               | has no Anti-Money Laudering / Counter Finance Terrorism
               | laws.
               | 
               | Why should I not believe this? I know it does.
        
               | AnAfrican wrote:
               | >Why should I not believe this?
               | 
               | Because you don't believe an EU bank can terminate an
               | account because they're worried it may trigger an AML/CTF
               | regulation or similar without bothering to really check
               | if it does.
               | 
               | *edit : AML/CTF and similar rules have to be exceptions
               | to basic banking rights.
        
               | the_mitsuhiko wrote:
               | > Because you don't believe an EU bank can terminate an
               | account because they're worried it may trigger an AML/CTF
               | regulation or similar without bothering to really check
               | if it does.
               | 
               | No, I questioned the particular situation given my
               | personal experience with the Ukrainian war for account
               | holders in Europe, the existing banking regulation around
               | the basic account.
        
               | alexey-salmin wrote:
               | > May be he probably could bank with LaPoste.
               | 
               | For the record, I have an official denial letter from
               | LaPoste. Which, by the way, is very nice on their part:
               | many banks refuse to put that in wringing and without a
               | letter it's hard to exercise your droit au compte with
               | the Bank of France.
        
               | AnAfrican wrote:
               | Ouch. If even LaPoste did it...
        
             | aidenn0 wrote:
             | Given that about 10% of the US has no debit bank account
             | and they aren't dying, that seems like an exaggeration. You
             | can walk into a paycheck cashing service and walk out with
             | a card that can be used anywhere a credit card is accepted
             | without ever opening a bank account. You have to pay to do
             | so, which seems rather regressive considering it's mostly
             | the less affluent who end up in that situation, but it's
             | not life-ending.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | That previous comment is a "tell me you've never been
               | declined for a financial service before without telling
               | me" kind of thing; I had to shop for a week to find a
               | bank that would give me a checking account.
        
               | alexey-salmin wrote:
               | Not sure what you mean, I got declined by a dozen of
               | banks. And where I live (France) it's illegal for me to
               | receive my salary in cash or to pay rent in cash: both
               | are above the limit for cash transactions. Even if I
               | personally was open to breaking the law, my employer and
               | my landlord obviously aren't.
               | 
               | To compensate for that there's a "right for an account"
               | law but it doesn't work that well.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | This article is about the US banking system, and that's
               | where my experience is. Nobody in the US with any
               | experience of financial precarity believes a checking
               | account is a human right, because checking accounts are
               | routinely denied to people without established credit.
               | Which makes a kind of sense: they are credit products.
        
               | aidenn0 wrote:
               | I think the US/EU distinction is the main disconnect.
               | Anyone in the US can take a (paper) paycheck to a cashing
               | service and, for about 2% of the value of the check,
               | receive the cash for it. They can usually walk into the
               | office of their landlord (or property manager) and pay in
               | cash.
               | 
               | I sold an RV for nearly $10k and the buyer paid in cash.
               | 
               | Other than my mortgage payment, I have _never_ paid for
               | something via a bank transfer. Merchants take credit
               | cards and services provided by individuals (e.g. piano
               | teacher) take check or cash.
        
           | lmm wrote:
           | > The accounts you are thinking about are all, under the
           | hood, lines of credit, even though they don't look like that.
           | 
           | You present this statement as though it's an immutable law of
           | nature, rather than a design feature of the US banking system
           | that allows them to offer an excuse for closing accounts
           | that's convenient for those banks. (The fact that someone on
           | HN can read about it and feel smart because they think they
           | understood the deep reality that lesser people don't get is
           | also a convenient design feature).
        
             | tptacek wrote:
             | As long as we agree that it's a basic feature of the US
             | financial system I don't think there's much for us to argue
             | about.
        
               | alexey-salmin wrote:
               | I haven't seen any proof that it's a basic feature of
               | bank accounts.
               | 
               | Some specific services (checkbooks, embossed and offline-
               | chip cards, visa/mc acquiring) can require a credit-
               | worthy account, but these services can be denied without
               | denying the account itself.
        
               | patio11 wrote:
               | Does your envisioned product allow someone to direct
               | deposit a paycheck? Then congratulations, it is a credit
               | account, because a) we expect to spend paychecks
               | including very soon after receiving them but b) payroll
               | companies sometimes screw up payroll and can in some
               | cases pull the money back.
        
               | alexey-salmin wrote:
               | Can you reference a law saying that the bank is obligated
               | to force an overdraft on a non-overdraft account when the
               | transaction is reversed? This was a screw up by neither
               | the bank nor their client, I see all reasons to bounce it
               | back and let the wrong party figure it out. Furthermore I
               | saw that exact case IRL in another country and the
               | payroll company had to settle it with the employee (not
               | with the bank) in court.
               | 
               | I understand that US banking can be very different here
               | but neither googling nor chatgpt was able to provide any
               | specific proofs.
               | 
               | Some people claim online that a bank can never refuse an
               | ACH transaction but it's obviously false, they do it
               | easily when the account is closed, blocked or overdrawn
               | beyond a certain limit.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | This is in the article.
               | 
               | https://f16c0eccd54007287fb794f9a3d05f2a.cdn.bubble.io/f1
               | 698...
        
               | lmm wrote:
               | I don't think it's a "basic" feature. I suspect it's one
               | of those things that, like the ACH upgrade mentioned in
               | the article, would be changed swiftly if the relevant
               | parties were sufficiently motivated.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | I don't agree, but even that statement concedes Patrick's
               | point.
        
             | astrange wrote:
             | You can't make a bank account where there is no possible
             | chance a transaction can be reversed. That's what you're
             | asking for.
             | 
             | (Crypto doesn't do this. You can be taken to court and they
             | don't care that it's decentralized and immutable and all
             | that. That's much of the point of his writing.)
        
               | alexey-salmin wrote:
               | If account has insufficient funds to do a reversal the
               | bank is not always obliged to step in, only in a few
               | specific circumstances. Avoiding such circumstances is
               | possible.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | There's an example in the article. If the account is
               | owned by a company and it goes bankrupt, the account no
               | longer contains money even though your computer says it
               | does. So if anyone reverses a deposit quickly enough your
               | computer is going to let it through and you're paying for
               | it.
        
           | southernplaces7 wrote:
           | It makes perfect sense because of the very bloody obvious
           | point that your account isn't really a line of credit since
           | you gave a full deposit equal to the funds you have
           | available. If the bank wants to lend your money around as
           | part of its fractional reserve process, that's their
           | business, but opening an account with funds you expect to
           | have access to at any time is not the same as asking for a
           | loan. Please.
        
             | tptacek wrote:
             | No, that's not even a little bit how a checking account
             | works. Assume nothing moves instantaneously, everything has
             | a settlement period, everything is reversible, and, apart
             | from the bank's willingness to decline you for an account,
             | none of that mechanism is ever exposed to you. You'll be
             | much closer to the true nature of the system than your
             | belief that, having "fully deposited" money into an
             | account, the bank can safely assume it has custody of that
             | sum of money.
             | 
             | This is the challenge Patrick is up against with a piece
             | like this: most of his readers share the deeply broken
             | assumption you've brought to it.
        
               | southernplaces7 wrote:
               | It doesn't matter how it works in the background. A
               | checking account is marketed as a bank account in which
               | your balance matches what you put into it and unlike a
               | formal, named loan, it's necessary for many very basic
               | transactions of daily living for even ordinary people who
               | participate in no business banking. Thus, being frozen
               | out by some bullshit regulatory "compliance" nonsense or
               | some brainless, fearful risk assessment is at a whole
               | different level than it would be if you ere denied a loan
               | for similar reasons.
               | 
               | Banks that fear risk so much should organize their
               | checking account system better for the full range of
               | their customers, but that requires more effort than
               | simply unbanking people and then communicating with them
               | through grudging hostility about the reasons why as their
               | lives take a major hit, and then being defended for this
               | conduct by someone who gets mealy mouthed about how
               | checking accounts are actually loans, as if they involved
               | a major financial favor by the bank to you as a customer.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | It does matter, because it is in fact how the system
               | works, and that system constrains banks. You can be mad
               | at the system and prefer a different system; that's fine.
               | But once you recognize it as the system we do in fact
               | have, you've conceded Patrick's point.
               | 
               | As the article points out, when you scale this problem up
               | to business bank accounts, losses from bad credit
               | decisions to customers can erase all the gains from the
               | entire commercial account line of business at a bank; in
               | other words: to factor risk and credit out of business
               | bank accounts, you're essentially demanding that banks be
               | insolvent.
               | 
               | Checking accounts are credit products.
        
       | metaphor wrote:
       | Estimated reading time: 134-170 minutes
       | 
       | Definitely not a casual Monday evening digest.
        
       | upfrog wrote:
       | For the benefit of people who come to the comments first: If you
       | want a comprehensive debunking or substantiation of the claims
       | about crypto debanking, then this is not the place to go.
       | 
       | If you want to read 23,000 words on banking regulation, its uses,
       | abuses, the incentives faced by both the banks and their
       | watchmen, and an explanation for how we ended up where we are,
       | then go ahead and jump into it. Personally, I think the latter is
       | far more useful than the former. I enjoyed it, at least.
       | 
       | Bear with me; the free market seems to think that history isn't a
       | very useful area of study, and lots of people agree. At least
       | some of this probably comes from bad experiences with history
       | classes. I like to think of history instruction as having three
       | levels. The lowest level - the one you'll hear people complaining
       | the most about - is presenting history as a dry series of facts.
       | At it's worst, the entire course can be reduced to a hashmap;
       | event -> date. Rinse, repeat.
       | 
       | The second layer presents history as a narrative. Most people
       | like stories, so this is much more compelling, and makes it a lot
       | easier to enjoy history. But the highest level of teaching is
       | about systems. It's not enough to colorfully explain that King
       | so-and-so was furious at the offense given by King the-other-one.
       | You have to try to make students understand the world that these
       | two kings existed in; how things as small as calling 9th-century
       | European polities "countries" can disastrously mis-callibrate our
       | models. Once you understand the system that someone is working
       | in, you can hope to understand them, and why they do the things
       | they do. Once you have that, you can hope to pass reasonable
       | judgement on their actions.
       | 
       | This article is all about systems and tradeoffs. It is aspiring
       | to that third level. The title is arguably a little bit
       | misleading, but I think it accomplishes it's goal, and
       | personally, I feel like I've come away with a reasonable overall
       | understanding of his thesis, and I think it matches the title.
        
         | tptacek wrote:
         | I think it's one of his better pieces and in some way a
         | culmination of a lot of things he's been writing about; I think
         | he's counting on people to actually read his previous posts
         | about why e.g. business bank accounts are functionally credit
         | products, not the financial equivalent of water and electric
         | service, and it really helps if you understand some of those
         | details.
        
       | influx wrote:
       | I was debanked by a California bank for selling holsters, a
       | product that is legal nationwide and protected under the
       | Constitution. While the bank has the right to choose its business
       | relationships, it's concerning to see decisions driven by
       | political positions. This sets a troubling precedent for the
       | direction we might be heading as a country.
        
         | wbl wrote:
         | I'm sure that the Bakersfield regional credit union would have
         | a different idea about the bankability.
        
         | stainablesteel wrote:
         | it should have been a central point of the election, it's crazy
         | that this only came out afterwards. we need a basic right to
         | our own banking with due process
        
       | ranger207 wrote:
       | I don't feel like the article is particularly in favor of or
       | against debanking in general. (I think in fact that his position
       | as stated is that debanking in general is bad unless it's against
       | people he doesn't like, which is a position held by literally
       | everybody.) Rather, it's an examination of why debanking exists
       | in general and why "bank everyone you're allowed to" isn't the
       | dominant strategy, what factors go into influencing politically-
       | driven debanking, and whether or not the current argument made by
       | cryptocurrency advocates that "we are being debanked for
       | political reasons" is true or not. It concludes that while crypto
       | is being debanked (or equivalently but less provocatively, banks
       | are declining to create new relations with them), it's primarily
       | because crypto has historically been bad for banks. This in turn
       | has created a(n arguably political) culture among those who
       | decide who shall be banked or debanked to not service their
       | industry. In other words, crypto isn't being debanked because
       | people morally disagree with them per se, but because crypto is
       | simply extremely risky
       | 
       | tl;dr of the tl;dr: the article is primarily about systems around
       | debanking and only secondarily about whether or not crypto is
       | being debanked (conclusion: it is and it's not necessarily for
       | political reasons)
        
         | ranger207 wrote:
         | The main problem with the article is that, while patio is a
         | very knowledgeable and even insightful writer, he has an
         | extremely indirect writing style. It almost feels like a math
         | textbook that describes "here's the properties of this
         | mathematical construct; you can immediately see it has these
         | properties" without explaining the connection to the other
         | mathematical constructs that give it these properties. In his
         | defense though, his writing is a more gradual progression
         | between "here's a thing" and "here's the implications of the
         | thing" than a typical math textbook. But he still doesn't
         | explicitly point out the connections, which means you have to
         | expend a lot of brain power to hold enough things in your head
         | at once to make those connections yourself, which is
         | exhausting. Part of that is because the connections are social
         | connections that are far less clear, defined, and observable
         | than typical STEM systems, and he doesn't want to ever tell you
         | or imply to you anything incorrect. Contrast this to Matt
         | Levine who will gladly tell you how a social system works in a
         | step-by-step list, followed by how the example he's about to
         | write about completely breaks that system
        
           | __mharrison__ wrote:
           | Even his tweets are often indecipherable...
        
             | astrange wrote:
             | His tweets are always perfectly understandable if you've
             | done the reading.
             | 
             | For some reason many of his stories are long winded ways of
             | saying "if you start a business, many of your customers
             | will be literally mentally retarded or senile."
             | 
             | He recently did one where he linked an Uber driver asking a
             | question on Reddit I thought was totally sensible, and then
             | proceeded to write a long extremely polite explanation of
             | how they were an abject moron from the underclass for
             | having to ask it. I didn't believe him on that one.
             | 
             | (But I can't find it because it was written too indirectly
             | so my first 5 tries at search keywords didn't pull it up.)
        
         | robertlagrant wrote:
         | > debanking in general is bad unless it's against people he
         | doesn't like, which is a position held by literally everybody
         | 
         | I don't hold this position. Should I?
        
       | lmm wrote:
       | As always, he moves the cup so flashily for so long that you
       | forget that you never saw him put the ball under it in the first
       | place. If you take it as read that Binance (the largest threat to
       | his business interests) really are evil, then of course
       | destroying any bank willing to serve them is perfectly justified.
       | 
       | I also love the impersonal gloss over the actions of all the bank
       | employees, as though all the Operation Choke Point crimes were
       | carried out by machines directed by the politicians and
       | regulators, and not humans making the choice to be Quislings.
       | Look at the quote from Zuckerberg where he expresses regret for
       | the poor choices he and his company made, and note the
       | conspicuous absence of anyone doing the same from the
       | banking/finance industry.
       | 
       | Those of us who've been paying attention are not hearing about
       | debanking for the first time now, we've been banging this drum
       | for years. In a country with the US' asset forfeiture laws,
       | denial of banking service is de facto denial of the human right
       | to own property. The current situation in the US is shameful, and
       | while part of that shame should fall on the politicians and
       | regulators, much of it rightly falls on the banks themselves.
       | (Nor is it that an alternative is impractical. The UK made it
       | legally obligatory for banks to offer "basic bank accounts" to
       | everyone in 2016, and the sky has not fallen).
       | 
       | I have no love for the crypto people, but they're fighting for
       | the right thing here (whether they're doing so out of good
       | motives or bad) and I hope they succeed.
        
         | dalemhurley wrote:
         | So you are saying that a private company, i.e. the bank must
         | service the crypto industry even though it is going to mean
         | they will suffer massive losses in doing so?
         | 
         | See my explanation of why it is an extremely costly venture for
         | banks.
        
           | lmm wrote:
           | My position is that banks (which are not "private companies"
           | as normally understood, but heavily regulated entities whose
           | status already involves a complex bundle of special rights
           | and special obligations) should be obliged to provide basic
           | banking to any legally operating individual or business, just
           | as they are already obliged to offer various services that
           | they probably would not if they had a free choice.
           | 
           | If they are unable to figure out a way to provide basic
           | banking without extending credit in the way patio11 describes
           | then this will of course be extremely costly for them, but I
           | suspect they would figure out a way to not have to extend
           | credit rather quickly (hint: look at what banks in virtually
           | any other country do) if they actually tried. If not - i.e.
           | if the current price of banking is only sustainable when
           | banks are permitted to arbitrarily refuse service - then I
           | guess prices will have to rise to something similar to what
           | they are in countries where banks already have those kind of
           | service obligations. Again, that doesn't sound like such a
           | terrible fate.
        
             | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
             | I completely agree when it comes to personal accounts, but
             | the restrictions required to avoid extending credit make
             | such accounts impractical for any realistic business
             | purpose. You can't, for example, allow the customer to
             | write checks.
        
               | dvdkon wrote:
               | I know this debate is about the US banking system, but I
               | feel the need to point out that in most of the EU,
               | cheques basically aren't used, and business purchases are
               | generally made by wire transfers.
               | 
               | Without a chequebook or credit card, you could offer a
               | bank account without any risk that the bank would ever
               | have to pay out more than its nominal balance. Bank runs
               | could still be a problem, but I feel an appropriate
               | pricing structure could solve that.
        
               | wmf wrote:
               | Wire transfers can be reversed. It's rare, but when it
               | rains it pours. Maybe this could be "solved" by holding
               | all incoming funds for, say, 60 days but that would be
               | extremely hard on most businesses.
        
               | dalemhurley wrote:
               | 60 day call accounts are a great solution for managing
               | the risk not meeting the desires of the crypto community.
        
               | dalemhurley wrote:
               | SVB has entered the chat.
               | 
               | Liquidity in crypto is extremely difficult due to the
               | volatility.
        
             | dalemhurley wrote:
             | Okay, now I understand, you know very little about banking.
             | I started a bank so I will try to help.
             | 
             | Banks are mostly private companies (most are listed on
             | stock exchanges) so public companies in that meaning, but
             | in most cases they are not government owned. I was meaning
             | private in the sense they are not public owned entities by
             | the government.
             | 
             | Banks are highly regulated.
             | 
             | Regulations require banks to manage their risks mainly
             | liquidity and capital risks plus operational risks.
             | 
             | There is no laws mandating banks must bank everyone and
             | every business.
             | 
             | There are laws that mandate banks must not take on
             | excessive risks.
             | 
             | Banking is a principle based regulation. This means the
             | governments set laws based on guidelines of how banks meet
             | the obligations.
             | 
             | Banks are managing their customers constantly and any
             | customer that represents unmanageable risks mainly
             | liquidity they must remove them from their balance sheets.
             | 
             | It is the crypto industry fault that they refuse to take
             | the actions and accountability to work with the banks.
             | 
             | This doesn't only happen in crypto.
             | 
             | Crypto is highly volatile and liquidity is unmanageable for
             | banks. When I spoke to the regulators, we were told we had
             | to hold 100% liquidity for deposits intended for crypto.
             | There is zero ability to recover the losses of the
             | liquidity obligations.
             | 
             | Like all businesses, banks have the right to refuse to
             | service customers they don't want to serve because the
             | costs exceed the income.
             | 
             | On the flip side the crypto industry is refusing to accept
             | the additional costs and refusing to derisk their
             | platforms.
        
           | fabian2k wrote:
           | Not familiar with the UK version, but these kinds of
           | regulations usually apply to personal bank accounts and do
           | not require extending any credit. So you'd only get a basic
           | bank account that cannot be overdrawn, nothing more.
        
             | throw_a_grenade wrote:
             | Not familiar with UK either, but in PL, you're mostly
             | right, with the addition that you can also use this account
             | for simple business, aka "one person company" for which you
             | don't need to have a separate account.
        
           | zajio1am wrote:
           | The cost is here due to AML regulation. If government wants
           | to outsource its duties (crime intercepting) to banks, then
           | perhaps it should be government to pay for it (in the similar
           | manner it pays telecoms for wiretapping).
        
             | dalemhurley wrote:
             | I fully agree that the cost of the AML/CTF should be on the
             | government.
             | 
             | However a bank still needs to work out if they will risk
             | accept customers.
             | 
             | For example my CRO presented to me the cost of enhanced due
             | diligence for Delaware companies. It was cost prohibitive
             | so I argued that we should not bank customers who are too
             | complex for the next 12 months.
        
         | k__ wrote:
         | Like everything related to politics it's about plausible
         | deniability.
         | 
         | The founding fathers sold their ideas as freedom from the
         | tyranny of the crown. While this was true, they probably didn't
         | care as much for the freedom of the average Joe, but their own
         | freedom and that of their rich friends. They just needed the
         | freedom of the average Joe to get the masses on board without
         | blatantly lying about their actual goals.
         | 
         | The rich people of crypto see themselves similarly, selling
         | their ideas as freedom from the tyranny of traditional finance;
         | and they have a point: There are millions of average people out
         | there who suffer by the hand of financial institutions.
         | However, the goal of the crypto "elite" is mainly the freedom
         | of their own and their rich friends, they just need the freedom
         | of the average Joe to get the masses on board.
         | 
         | Now, the only thing left to argue is if the rich people from
         | back in the days had a better case against the crown as the
         | rich people from today have against traditional finance.
        
         | Ylpertnodi wrote:
         | >denial of banking service is de facto denial of the human
         | right to own property.
         | 
         | Is property ownership a 'human right', or a 'human privilege'
         | (nod to George Carlin)?
        
           | lmm wrote:
           | It's literally in the UN declaration, and widely accepted as
           | a basic right. If some philosopher thinks there is some sense
           | in which it isn't a right, so much the worse for their
           | philosophy.
        
             | barry-cotter wrote:
             | The UN is not a moral authority and utterances endorsed by
             | it have no more moral weight than any other political
             | organisation.
        
               | anticorporate wrote:
               | Imagine being a newcomer coming to this discussion and
               | the two sides are "debanking is bad and hurts people" and
               | "the Universal Declaration of Human Rights is garbage."
        
               | barry-cotter wrote:
               | That the UN General Assembly endorses a document is no
               | more valuable a signal than BRICS, the OIC or the Arab
               | League doing so. If you want to point to a document for
               | its moral weight better not to point to one from an
               | organisation that has Saudi Arabia chairing its women's
               | rights committee.
        
           | nkrisc wrote:
           | All rights are unnatural. Therefore "we" get to collectively
           | agree on what rights all people ought to be granted.
           | 
           | I believe almost anywhere you go you'll find that most people
           | agree to consider property ownership to be a basic right.
        
         | PhasmaFelis wrote:
         | > Look at the quote from Zuckerberg where he expresses regret
         | for the poor choices he and his company made
         | 
         | I'm sure Zuckerberg does have regrets, but I think it's a
         | mistake to assume they align with actual human interest except
         | by coincidence. The state of Facebook today, and for many years
         | before, has nothing to do with any honest concern for human
         | welfare, however misguided.
        
         | pjc50 wrote:
         | > The UK made it legally obligatory for banks to offer "basic
         | bank accounts" to everyone in 2016, and the sky has not
         | fallen).
         | 
         | This did not avoid
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigel_Farage_Coutts_bank_scand...
         | 
         | However there's a vital layer of ambiguity in that story which
         | made it more confusing for everyone involved: Coutts is a long
         | standing "private bank" which makes a point of _not_ serving
         | everyone, only HNWIs, and Farage fell into both the  "not rich
         | enough" and "too politically exposed" categories.
         | 
         | > The current situation in the US is shameful, and while part
         | of that shame should fall on the politicians and regulators,
         | much of it rightly falls on the banks themselves
         | 
         | Like the lack of consumer protection and public safety in the
         | US, at some point you have to accept that the public are also
         | ultimately responsible through the ballot box. US financial
         | control systems are driven firstly by the catch-all "war on
         | terror", which since 9/11 has been used to justify any and all
         | authoritarianism _with public support_ , war on drugs ditto
         | (despite state level legalization!), and thirdly evangelical
         | support for Operation Choke Point.
        
           | MonkeyClub wrote:
           | The Farage situation hardly applies as an example, if at all.
           | 
           | From the linked Wikipedia page:
           | 
           | > NatWest, the owner of Coutts, initially claimed that he
           | failed to meet the Coutts eligibility criteria of holding
           | PS1,000,000 or more in his account, following the expiry of
           | his mortgage. NatWest instead offered him an account with the
           | retail side of the bank.
           | 
           | So it's hardly a case of debanking a random Joe. It was only
           | a higher-end account that was closed for not keeping the
           | requirements for keeping it, and Farage was offered a normal
           | account.
        
             | ahakki wrote:
             | From the same Wikipedia article:
             | 
             | > It was later revealed that Farage's account was closed in
             | part as Coutts felt that his beliefs and values did not
             | align with theirs. In an internal dossier, Coutts wrote
             | that he "is at best seen as xenophobic and pandering to
             | racists" and considered a "disingenuous grifter".
        
             | pessimizer wrote:
             | > initially claimed
        
             | carlosjobim wrote:
             | Oops, you "forgot" the rest of the quote:
             | 
             | "After Farage went to the press about the closure, it was
             | discovered that Coutts had closed Farage's account as they
             | deemed him to be "at best seen as xenophobic and pandering
             | to racists". Following media attention, the NatWest CEO,
             | Dame Alison Rose, resigned."
             | 
             | And of course, debanking is not used against any "random
             | Joe", it is a weapon to make sure the random Joe stays
             | nothing more than a random Joe and does not express his
             | opinions or reaches for any political influence not
             | sanctioned by the bankers.
        
         | robertlagrant wrote:
         | > and not humans making the choice to be Quislings
         | 
         | What is with the obsession with calling people quislings? Have
         | all the nationalists transferred their hyper-patriotism to more
         | socially acceptable targets, instead of just learning not to be
         | like that?
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | It's extending the basic deception that debanking crypto
           | scammers is political. Debanking Farage was political.
           | Trading e-currencies is financial "innovation" that no one
           | should feel _financially_ safe around.
           | 
           | Now the "real" racism among people who don't believe that
           | business should be regulated is not believing that crypto is
           | money.
        
             | robertlagrant wrote:
             | I don't think I've ever seen anyone claim that businesses
             | shouldn't be regulated.
        
           | empath75 wrote:
           | It's dehumanizing language that encourages violence.
        
             | adolph wrote:
             | Maybe this is a minor quibble, but Quisling was a person.
             | Thus, drawing parallels between Quisling's actions and
             | those being characterized is not dehumanizing.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vidkun_Quisling
        
       | dalemhurley wrote:
       | I'm one of the few people who can truly say I've built a bank
       | from scratch--starting as a single individual in a small office
       | and eventually obtaining a full banking license in one of the
       | most highly regulated financial environments in the world,
       | Australia.
       | 
       | I invited Marc Andreessen for a conversation on X (formerly
       | Twitter), after the Joe Rogan interview. It is no surprise I
       | didn't receive a response when he's one of the wealthiest and
       | most influential figures in tech, and I'm certainly not even the
       | richest person on my street.
       | 
       | At its core, a bank's business model is straightforward: you act
       | as a caretaker for depositors' money. Your primary obligation is
       | always to ensure that depositors can withdraw their funds in
       | full, whenever they need them, within the terms of the contract.
       | Profitability is achieved by carefully managing risk--both in
       | holding deposits and lending them out--while making sure that, at
       | all costs, you can make every depositor whole.
       | 
       | In practice, this means thoroughly understanding and mitigating
       | risks. To do so means we identify every possible scenario, assess
       | its likelihood and potential impact, plan how we'd mitigate the
       | risk, and determine the residual exposure. Our regulators then
       | review this work, probing relentlessly, testing our assumptions
       | against extreme hypotheticals: floods knocking out our data
       | center, hackers encrypting our backups, simultaneous runs on
       | accounts associated with crypto exchanges--every remote yet
       | plausible crisis is considered. We then refine and repeat this
       | cycle until the regulators are satisfied we understand every
       | angle of our risk profile.
       | 
       | Every mitigation strategy we implement has a cost--whether it's
       | the liquidity we must set aside or the capital reserves we are
       | required to hold. If the regulator believes any exposure is
       | excessive, the bank must increase its capital buffers, making the
       | business more resilient but also more capital-intensive.
       | 
       | From a traditional perspective, stable term deposits or mortgages
       | are ideal for banks. They're long-term, predictable, and well-
       | understood, with minimal servicing costs. In contrast, servicing
       | the crypto industry poses unique challenges. While there can be
       | mutual benefits, the costs and constraints imposed by regulatory
       | and liquidity requirements often clash with the crypto sector's
       | expectations.
       | 
       | Ultimately, it's a cost/benefit analysis. Crypto-related accounts
       | tend to require holding large liquidity buffers, limiting
       | profitability. Banks must maintain extremely high-quality liquid
       | assets because these crypto accounts can be called upon at any
       | time, as they are generally setup as an on-ramp or off-ramp for
       | the exchanges' customers. If a bank is required to hold 100% of
       | those deposits in liquid form just to meet potential instant
       | demand, the profitability of such relationships diminishes. Once
       | you factor in operational overhead, compliance, and the capital
       | required to ensure depositor safety, the margins shrink even
       | more.
       | 
       | Capital adequacy is another critical complication. The bank must
       | have sufficient Tier 1 capital to cover all depositors in the
       | event of a collapse. This includes provisioning for winding up
       | the bank and ensuring depositors remain whole even if certain
       | assets become illiquid. The instability and occasional outright
       | fraud we've seen in the crypto domain (e.g., the FTX/SBF scandal)
       | means that funds could vanish or become tied up. As a result,
       | banks often need to raise even more capital or reduce shareholder
       | dividends. This is costly, and that cost must be considered in
       | pricing and strategic decisions.
       | 
       | Finally, the operational and compliance costs associated with
       | handling crypto transactions--from specialised staff to advanced
       | monitoring systems--can be prohibitively high.
       | 
       | The reality is that the associated liquidity, capital, and
       | operational requirements often make it an expensive proposition
       | with limited upside for the bank. At the end of the day, the bank
       | must always ensure depositors are protected, and that priority
       | imposes constraints that may not align with the crypto industry's
       | expectations.
        
         | anonymoushn wrote:
         | I guess it is surprising that crypto service providers cannot
         | come to an agreement with banks by just paying more money for
         | the service or by implementing some rules for their users which
         | would allow some portion of their bank deposits to be held in
         | slightly less cash-like assets.
        
           | ta_1138 wrote:
           | It's more than just money: A payment processor is not all
           | that different from a crypto exchange in their relationship
           | with the bank: It's a very special company that can bring
           | real risk to the banks underneath, so they have to do a lot
           | of regulatory work internally to keep working together. The
           | Stripes and Adyens of the world spend efforts in regulatory
           | because they have to keep the bank happy, but they find those
           | efforts just cost money, not harm the actual goals of the
           | business.
           | 
           | Many of the crypto services believe that no, there's no way
           | they'll do what the bank tells them and still remain useful
           | to their clients. They'd have to compete with the truly off-
           | the-regulatory-world competitors, and probably lose a lot of
           | business there. So they get unbanked, in the same way that
           | I'd get un-bared if I decided to keep showing up at said bar
           | with the same clothes as Donald Duck.
        
           | wmf wrote:
           | Maybe that's why Coinbase charges such high fees.
        
           | loeg wrote:
           | I think one of Patrick's points is that the real cost to the
           | bank for providing these services to crypto companies is
           | _more than the entire profits of the crypto companies_. So
           | there is no mutually agreeable meeting point.
        
         | Yeul wrote:
         | America's new dictator in chief is all in on crypto.
         | 
         | My opinion is that crypto leads to instability, corruption and
         | tax evasion which is why they all got kicked out of China but
         | good luck.
        
       | gadders wrote:
       | I think this was his best article yet - it lays out all the
       | various things that have been conflated under "debanking" - some
       | justifiable, some less so.
       | 
       | I have no idea where Patio11 sits politically, but as someone who
       | tends right I would say it was a fair description of political
       | debanking (and social media deplatforming), if North America-
       | focussed.
       | 
       | And I think it would be fair to characterise Patio11 as a crypto-
       | sceptic.
        
         | gadders wrote:
         | LOL. Crypto bros big mad.
        
       | efitz wrote:
       | The article's refusal to acknowledge that there might be
       | viewpoint discrimination going on makes it feel like the author
       | is trying to do a Jedi mind trick.
        
       | TwoNineFive wrote:
       | The right-wing false-victimhood ragebait narrative of the
       | "Debanking" non-scandal is the story. It's ragebait propaganda
       | and has no place on HN.
        
         | bayarearefugee wrote:
         | People whose business is effectively a grift should not be
         | offered banking services, both as a moral issue and as a good
         | business decision.
         | 
         | Right-wingers are far more likely to be grifters.
         | 
         | So right-wingers are more likely to be debanked but correlation
         | is not...yadda yadda.
         | 
         | The tech industry was a lot cooler back when it was mostly
         | graybeard hippies and not a bunch of incel adjacent techbros
         | who never grew out of their Ayn Rand idolization phase.
        
         | ranger207 wrote:
         | Debanking is part of the culture war now, which means that
         | someone's reaction to it shows that they're either on the right
         | or on the left, with no positions in between allowed, and that
         | therefore they also support all the other culture war positions
         | of their chosen side. The culture war is designed to bundle
         | positions together like this, and to force issues into the
         | bundle, in order to foster an us-versus-them feeling about
         | every issue. It's possible to recognize this is happening,
         | attempt to analyze the issue and the merits of each side of the
         | argument, and come to a conclusion that one side or the other
         | has the better argument. It's difficult though to convince
         | others that your position is not because of culture war
         | dynamics because the design of the culture war is to minimize
         | independent analysis.
         | 
         | I think that debanking is absolutely a right wing false
         | victimhood propaganda narrative, but I'm still interested in
         | why they think it's an issue, partly in order to engage in the
         | argument and defeat it based on facts, and partly to continue
         | to learn the foundations for their side of the culture war in
         | general
        
       | sixhobbits wrote:
       | It's interesting that the idea that 'banks should refuse to do
       | business with potential terrorists' is something that most people
       | I know support, or don't care about.
       | 
       | Until it happens to them. Then suddenly they get quite passionate
       | about the state that the world is currently in.
       | 
       | I don't have data on how many people are being debanked, but
       | anecdotally it definitely seems to be some kind of 'line go up'
       | number, and I wonder if cumulatively it will get to some kind of
       | critical mass where we have a large enough percentage of people
       | make enough noise that the laws are reigned in, or if they'll be
       | 'that group of weirdos' forever.
       | 
       | (I almost got debanked once -- I had my account re-instated after
       | many weeks of extreme stress
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37925678)
        
         | Andrew_nenakhov wrote:
         | A few years ago in Russia, when protesting was still barely
         | legal and possible, prominent opposition leaders were 'fined'
         | for ~1M USD each for damages to businesses what happened due to
         | some protest activity. Banks simply deduced every account
         | balance by -50000000,00 RUB and have a nice day.
         | 
         | Whoever thinks that 'but that was bad, evil Putin's government
         | and our nice, good government would never do such a thing'
         | should think again. The government should not have such power
         | at all, neither directly, nor via bank proxy that would
         | 'independently' refuse you service.
         | 
         | When you happily cheer that in EU you can't pay with 500 EUR
         | bill (because tax evasion, crime, etc!!!), you are basically
         | helping the government create means to financially strangle
         | anyone the government doesn't like. One day it might strangle
         | you.
        
           | hgomersall wrote:
           | How could they not have the power? All power the banks have
           | is directly derived from their ability to operate as they do
           | within a currency regime that is directly controlled by the
           | state. Best case is it's _your_ state; plenty operate in a
           | system controlled by a foreign state.
        
         | sneak wrote:
         | Everyone is a "potential terrorist". Actual criminals are
         | people who are tried and convicted of crimes. Everyone else is,
         | by definition, innocent.
        
         | stainablesteel wrote:
         | all of the laws meant for terrorists are being applied to
         | normal citizens at an astounding rate, things like border
         | crossings and these unconstitutional laws like the patriot act
         | have really undermined people's rights
        
         | Muromec wrote:
         | And terrorist is a word created to deny enemy combatant a PoW
         | status because we said so.
        
       | AnAfrican wrote:
       | The PEP part of the Rogan interview was when I understood
       | Andreessen was most likely bullshitting. Funny how this is not
       | clearly stated, most likely because of who Andreessen is.
        
         | zith wrote:
         | I wonder why Andreessen needs to use disinformation to shape
         | opinion if the actual problem is so bad? I find it very
         | unlikely that he does not know how PEP actually works.
         | 
         | It is so demonstrably false. Anyone who has worked in an
         | finance adjacent industry likely knows the definition of a PEP.
        
           | AnAfrican wrote:
           | Seems to me that he has crypto-related goals but involves
           | more people to gain political support. The OP article's last
           | paragraphs make it quite clear IMO.
        
         | stainablesteel wrote:
         | what was BS about it specifically? people were in fact getting
         | debanked, outside of crypto too
        
           | AnAfrican wrote:
           | It is explained in the article.
           | 
           | The concept of Politically Exposed Person has nothing to do
           | with views in US politics.
           | 
           | It's really about foreign officials and their families. And,
           | in spirit, it's really about officials from countries with
           | high corruption risks.
           | 
           | And Andreessen knows it. That's the bullshit.
        
             | stainablesteel wrote:
             | people were debanked, this is a fact. it was also a
             | viewpoint from the left-wing establishment, spearheaded by
             | elizabeth warren, that crypto should basically be blocked
             | from operating in the us
             | 
             | the biden administration was going after their political
             | opponents in many ways (prosecutions of trump and his
             | lawyer, targeting multiple of elon's companies & the
             | delaware courts going after his salary, peter navarro not
             | being allowed executive privilege, eithan heim intimidation
             | and prosecution for whistleblowing trans surgeries on
             | children), this is also a fact
             | 
             | whether they used the PEP terminology selectively, or
             | didn't use it at all, is sort of missing the point. there's
             | a political persecution going on the background and the
             | debanking, which was 100% happening and should not be, was
             | done on a purely political basis. the entire process of
             | debanking was basically invented for political reasons so
             | they could debank gun manufacturers. there's nothing non-
             | political about this
        
       | nstj wrote:
       | Why is the linked post so long?
        
       | brilee wrote:
       | His argument seems to boil down to a the financial regulator
       | equivalent of the trolley problem.
       | 
       | In Operation Choke Point, the regulators were actively moving the
       | lever to debank morally repentant industries. In "Operation Choke
       | Point 2.0", the complex system of regulatory guidelines and
       | actors seemingly self-coordinates to debank crypto, and the
       | failure of anyone to intercede is painted as a willful neglect.
       | Those on the regulator side say, "I didn't do anything", and
       | those on the crypto side say, "you have every power to do
       | something".
        
         | cromwellian wrote:
         | Seems to me that what Andreessen was really mad about was the
         | CFPB forcing his portfolio companies that committed consumer
         | fraud to return money to their customers. He also lied about
         | the CFPB doing debanking, they don't have that power.
         | 
         | While debanking may be a problem, there's a false populism in
         | these disingenuous VCs, pretending that their troubles are the
         | same as everyone else. These guys want to operate in grey areas
         | that enable laundering, illegal gambling, buying/selling
         | contraband, and straight up rug pulls, and not be subject to
         | any risk or oversight.
        
         | snowwrestler wrote:
         | The point is that Operation Choke Point was an actual
         | operation, but Operation Choke Point 2.0 is not; it's just a
         | label that someone started using to try to generate sympathy
         | for their private business goals.
         | 
         | And a smart reader should recognize the difference and adjust
         | their reaction accordingly.
        
       | bradley13 wrote:
       | This bit is downright scary: "the bank cannot explain why SARs
       | [Suspicious activity reports] triggered a debanking, because
       | disclosing the existence of a SAR is illegal. 12 CFR 21.11(k)
       | Yes, it is the law in the United States that a private non-court,
       | in possession of a memo written by a non-intelligence analyst,
       | cannot describe the nature of the non-accusation the memo makes.
       | Nor can it confirm or deny the existence of the memo."
        
         | metacritic12 wrote:
         | Absolutely, it's one of the most undemocratic, potentially
         | violative of 1st amendment laws that is out there.
         | 
         | This is from the point of view that money laundering as a law
         | is essentially thoughtcrime. The police state has done an
         | orwellian job of normalizing not privacy, but instead telling
         | the government the reason you are doing every transaction.
         | Then, any attempt to not tell the government is "money
         | laundering".
         | 
         | Of course, if you are the state, the powers of this tool are
         | alluring. Imagine if the state could compel citizens to write
         | down what they're thinking, and compel justifications for
         | everything they do in life. Think of how many crimes we could
         | solve! Think of how many bad folks we can catch ahead of time!
        
         | _fat_santa wrote:
         | I get why this is insane but I also get why the law is there
         | which leaves me in a wired spot. Part of me wants to say
         | something along the lines of "make SAR's disclosable / viewable
         | to American citizens or legitimate users" but you can't really
         | do that because the bad guys will quickly exploit any escape
         | hatches like this.
         | 
         | What do others think about this? Because I'm kinda stuck in the
         | middle about them.
        
           | metacritic12 wrote:
           | The middle ground seems to be allowing SARs (which are
           | analogous to tips to police officers), but not requiring
           | banks keep them secret from the customer. The bank could
           | decide to do so, but also could decide not to, like any other
           | speech.
        
             | hiatus wrote:
             | What is the incentive to divulge the information if they
             | don't have to? Customer service? "We're the one bank that
             | will tell you why we are dropping you as a customer"?
        
               | metacritic12 wrote:
               | Probably some amount of customer service. Banks are at
               | their distrection then on whether they want to tell you
               | or not -- just like for any other reason for dropping you
               | as a customer.
               | 
               | I guess more important than empirically whether banks
               | tell you, it's that it should be their right to tell you
               | if they want.
        
           | hiatus wrote:
           | When a case is brought to court, they have to outline the
           | methods used to determine the perpetrator. Why is it okay to
           | do that for things like murder and other crimes but not for
           | banks?
        
             | mandevil wrote:
             | SAR's can be discussed when criminal charges are filed.
             | 
             | The most famous case I know of that stems from a publicly
             | available SAR is former Speaker of the House Denny Hastert
             | (R-Il) after his retirement from the House, when he was a
             | lobbyist. He was being blackmailed by someone for his
             | previous sexual assaults from his days as a high school
             | teacher and wrestling coach three decades earlier, before
             | he went into politics. He went to a bank to withdraw a
             | bunch of cash to pay his blackmailer, and the bank started
             | to fill out the form they do whenever you withdraw over
             | $10,000 in cash (not a SAR, just a regular form). He saw
             | the form being filled out, and decided he didn't want a
             | paper trail with the government showing he was being
             | blackmailed. So instead he stood in line hundreds of times
             | at the bank, withdrawing $5,000 each time. This was why a
             | SAR was filed, because he was clearly doing something
             | called "structuring" which is setting up transactions
             | deliberately to avoid those disclosure rules. After the FBI
             | investigated, they decided that they couldn't get him for
             | child sexual abuse, because it had been so long ago that
             | the statue of limitations had expired. But they could get
             | him for structuring, to which he plead guilty and served 15
             | months in jail.
             | 
             | Besides the fact that knowing about when they are filed
             | would tip off criminals, there is also the fact that
             | oftentimes they are filed for perfectly innocuous reasons,
             | and are never investigated and don't go anywhere. Not ideal
             | to have publicly available "this guy did something
             | suspicious" flags that have not been investigated further
             | looming over you and haunting the rest of your life. Since
             | SAR's are not shared with other financial institutions,
             | they won't follow you the same way.
        
           | bradley13 wrote:
           | If there is evidence against you, you surely have the right
           | to know of it and to contest it! That's pretty fundamental to
           | any reasonable justice system.
        
             | sneak wrote:
             | You have no right to a banking relationship, so there is no
             | justice involved.
             | 
             | It's not scary until everyone stops accepting cash.
        
               | dvdkon wrote:
               | It is already scary, many governments mandate that large
               | purchases are only made through the banking system. Not
               | to mention the private-sector pressure (how do you get
               | paid for work?).
        
               | jeffhuys wrote:
               | But then we have to pay taxes on any amount of cash money
               | above ~650 EUR in the Netherlands. They WANT to steer us
               | towards cash-less, and MANY shops in the Netherlands have
               | already stopped accepting cash. It's where we're going -
               | ultimate control. No right on banking, but also it's a
               | necessicity soon. So.... Too bad?
        
               | sneak wrote:
               | I leave my cards at home and only carry cash.
        
               | liontwist wrote:
               | Maybe that was a true when a bank was a private business
               | and you could reasonably live without it. Today they are
               | effectively a branch of the government and your life
               | would be seriously impaired.
               | 
               | For example, where does your employer setup direct
               | deposit? How do you apply for a mortgage and demonstrate
               | assets?
               | 
               | If society relies on technology then you need it to
               | participate. Yes you can still breathe without access to
               | transportation, but you can't work in the economy. In
               | 1940 car or bus access was a luxury because normal people
               | got along fine without one. That's why it's misleading to
               | say increasing car access is an better standard of
               | living. It's actually an increase in the cost to
               | participate in life.
               | 
               | So yes banking must be a right. Or alternatively we could
               | strengthen cash rights (reduce technology) with legal
               | protections to qualify for loans, etc. But that won't
               | happen.
        
               | miohtama wrote:
               | In the EU, there is a right for a bank account. But this
               | right does not cover anti-money laundering excuses to
               | debank a person.
        
               | liontwist wrote:
               | So it's effectively a jail sentence, and that's fine for
               | people who break social rules, but we have built up a
               | whole justice system for applying them. When government
               | pretends taking away your bank is anything less serious,
               | they just want to sidestep due process.
        
               | miohtama wrote:
               | It's not government taking it away. It's a bank taking it
               | away because they do not want to spend time and money to
               | resolve the situation. The legal risk is high where as
               | there is very little upside for retaining the customer
               | relationship.
        
               | liontwist wrote:
               | So what would happen if were in that situation and then
               | went to another bank?
        
               | kasey_junk wrote:
               | Banks can only share sars in very limited circumstances.
               | If you went to another bank they, in almost every case,
               | would not know that your previous bank filed a sar.
        
               | Muromec wrote:
               | The bank will however ask why you are switching to them
               | and telling "my account was closed without explanation"
               | will make them think twice
        
               | kasey_junk wrote:
               | We don't need to invent a mechanism for banks to share
               | bad customer data between each other. There is a whole
               | ecosystem like credit bureaus for bank accounts.
               | 
               | But sars being secret has nothing to do with that.
        
               | mandevil wrote:
               | FINCEN (and others who have search access to it, which
               | rounds to most Federal Government criminal investigators)
               | can see all SARs filed. Banks (and other financial
               | institutions obligated to file a SAR- like casinos!)
               | don't get to see what any other institution has filed.
               | The point of a SAR is to provide a data point for an
               | investigator, not to create a black-list of unbankable
               | people.
        
               | mppm wrote:
               | There is a right for a personal bank account only.
        
               | tredre3 wrote:
               | Which is already a big improvement over the situation in
               | America.
               | 
               | Being cut from the savings/investment/loan system would
               | certainly suck and be unfair if you did nothing wrong,
               | but much less than losing your basic bank account. That's
               | where you receive/cash your pay, tax refunds, any
               | government benefits, write checks (for things that are
               | still paid that way by default), make transfers, etc.
        
               | mppm wrote:
               | That's true, and it's certainly better than nothing, but
               | engaging in some legal _business activity_ is also one of
               | the basic personal freedoms in the Western value system,
               | one that is trampled on very badly by the recent rise of
               | draconian banking regulations. For businesses, the
               | banking situation in the EU is actually worse than the US
               | right now. It depends on the country, but in some places
               | small businesses basically have to go begging around,
               | hoping that some bank will take on the  "compliance risk"
               | of opening an account for them.
        
               | sneak wrote:
               | I disagree. Bank accounts aren't the solution; regulating
               | the end use cases (ie businesses that don't accept cash)
               | is a much better option for society.
        
               | Muromec wrote:
               | If anything, the government out here discourages using
               | cash and not the other way around
        
               | wbl wrote:
               | There are thousands of banks hungry for your business.
               | Just because one doesn't want to do business with you
               | doesn't mean another one won't.
        
               | liontwist wrote:
               | That is not true. All the banks must satisfy the same
               | regulator. None of them are going to take a risk that
               | invites audits from the big cheese to get your 20k in
               | savings. The legal term to avoid here is "unilateral
               | action" - don't do what the other banks aren't doing.
               | 
               | The list of problematic people is even shared between
               | them by the regulator.
               | 
               | Due to the savings and loan crisis there is no longer a
               | plurality of banking businesses each with their own
               | independent thinking. There are 10 marketing corporations
               | for the same government service. Same with mortgages.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Which is the root problem, and the solution is a
               | constitutional amendment guaranteeing an inalienable
               | right to an electronic money account one can send and
               | receive money from.
               | 
               | "Banks" don't really have a point in a cashless society
               | (the government can operate a database just as well), but
               | it seems the government wants to the ability to persecute
               | selected people or populations with plausible
               | deniability. So they use the ability to get banned by big
               | business as a proxy.
        
               | wbl wrote:
               | Who would provide credit and do maturity transformation?
               | Maybe you end up with duration matched funds everywhere
               | but I think that's unlikely for regional banks.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Why is credit and maturity transformation needed for
               | electronic payments?
               | 
               | If people want to borrow money to pay for something
               | (credit cards and the like), that can be its own thing
               | that the government is not involved in.
        
               | latedoomer wrote:
               | It can be incredibly stressful even right now. I had my
               | bank freeze my accounts because they believe I deposited
               | a fraudulent check (I hadn't). They were incredibly
               | unhelpful during the entire process necessitating hours
               | on hold, going to the branch multiple times and
               | eventually they threatened to close all my accounts. Took
               | about a week to get sorted while I had no access to my
               | funds, including direct withdrawal bills like my mortgage
               | payment.
               | 
               | And you are correct... I had no rights. They had all the
               | power, and they knew it and acted accordingly.
        
             | btown wrote:
             | But the SAR itself, from how it sounds in the OP, is not
             | the trigger that makes a person/business unbankable across
             | the entire banking system - only at that single bank.
             | 
             | The OP article makes a reasonable point that administration
             | officials can and do exert pressure on banks to withhold
             | services to certain industries like debt collectors. And
             | there indeed is a slippery slope there, and one that VCs
             | with significant exposure to crypto are motivated to
             | highlight.
             | 
             | But "withholding evidence," and the SAR secrecy
             | specifically, doesn't seem to be a mechanism by which that
             | happens. I'm far more concerned with what might cause an
             | individual to lose access to _all_ banks than what might
             | cause them to lose access to one.
        
               | psychlops wrote:
               | We are headed towards very few monolithic banks in the
               | near future. I imagine that if one debanks a client, they
               | will all do so for the same reasons.
        
             | glitchc wrote:
             | But debanking is not a criminal charge. The US has
             | thousands of banks, surely one of them would take your
             | business.
        
           | browningstreet wrote:
           | You should see the rules about discussing SARs you are asked
           | to respond to, as an employee of a bank, with your colleagues
           | and managers...
        
           | efitz wrote:
           | You've stipulated that the debanking was ok but that not
           | disclosing why was problematic?
           | 
           | How about this:
           | 
           | 1. Corporations are highly regulated legal constructs. Being
           | given an extraordinary right (immunity for shareholders) they
           | should be expected to return significant value to society. I
           | propose that value should be "lack of freedom of association"
           | - eg I don't think corporations should be allowed to stop
           | doing business with, or refuse to do business with, anyone
           | citizen, except after conviction in a court of law for
           | behavior directly related to that business.
           | 
           | 2. Government should not be able to use their secret
           | monitoring to prevent anyone from doing anything. No lists,
           | secret orders, etc. If government wants someone debanked,
           | take it to court.
           | 
           | Finally, if corporations can't debank people, how do they
           | handle unusual cost/risk? With pricing, of course. If porn
           | and crypto transactions pose extraordinary financial risk,
           | then allow pricing based on actual financial risk.
        
             | AnAfrican wrote:
             | >Finally, if corporations can't debank people, how do they
             | handle unusual cost/risk? With pricing, of course. If porn
             | and crypto transactions pose extraordinary financial risk,
             | then allow pricing based on actual financial risk.
             | 
             | And you're absolutely certain that powerful and vocal
             | crypto people won't claim that this special pricing is
             | discrimination as they're doing now with debunking ?
        
               | pjdesno wrote:
               | Look at the mortgage and credit card markets.
               | 
               | Most lenders don't discriminate via pricing - they accept
               | or deny individual applications. The _market_
               | discriminates via pricing, as higher-cost providers are
               | willing to loan to customers who pose more significant
               | credit risks.
        
               | efitz wrote:
               | Mortgage market works as you describe.
               | 
               | Credit card market works very differently - if Visa and
               | Mastercard debank you, then you are effectively excluded
               | from the market.
        
             | DrillShopper wrote:
             | > I don't think corporations should be allowed to stop
             | doing business with, or refuse to do business with, anyone
             | citizen, except after conviction in a court of law for
             | behavior directly related to that business.
             | 
             | I would quit contracting on the spot if that became the
             | law.
             | 
             | Some clients deserve to be fired or avoided.
        
               | efitz wrote:
               | Don't incorporate. Make an LLC.
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | The law seems to be punishing people based on secret
           | judgements over sealed "non-accusations".
           | 
           | Sorry, but no, I can't see why a country would want a law
           | like this.
           | 
           | Honestly, my country had a dictator impose a Constitution
           | that made sure every person had access to banks over 200
           | years ago (we haven't had a democracy at that point, but
           | nobody even discussed it since, because nobody disagrees). I
           | also can't understand how come the US treats that system so
           | frivolously.
        
             | DrillShopper wrote:
             | This is all tied to the war on drugs and laundering of drug
             | money (post-9/11 it become about terrorism as well, but
             | again, more on drug money being funneled into terrorist
             | groups)
             | 
             | There are enough people in the US that think that the mere
             | existence of drug users is an indictment of society, so any
             | action taken to limit the ability of people who sell drugs
             | is justified. You also see this with asset forfeiture laws.
             | 
             | So the reason these laws exist is the people against drugs,
             | unable to see that the war on drugs has been lost for over
             | 20 years at this point, want to impose more and more
             | draconian restrictions around them which just fuels the
             | power of cartels and criminal gangs selling drugs.
             | 
             | If the war on drugs worked then why can you get them in
             | every high school and prison in the US?
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | You fight money laundering by letting people use the
               | banks, have the banks record everything, and using the
               | records on court to get the money back.
               | 
               | You may have something about limiting international
               | transfers, but forcing people out of the banks is
               | contrary to the goals of a criminal investigation.
        
         | miohtama wrote:
         | I have a friend that is constantly being debanked and his wires
         | getting lost because he has the same name as politically
         | exposed Russian person.
         | 
         | Banks do not negotiate. They just kick him off and sometimes
         | even lose his money.
         | 
         | There is nothing he can do, even though everyone who would look
         | the issue would figure out it's just a shitty automatic system
         | flagging it because of an unrelated person 's name. It would
         | cost too much time and money for banks to fix this mistake, so
         | giving a boot is cheaper.
        
           | sroussey wrote:
           | I'm surprised there is no redress number like for plane
           | flights.
        
           | nick3443 wrote:
           | Sounds like a big inconvenience, did he try to change his
           | legal name?
           | 
           | Edit: I have no idea why this legitimate question is being
           | down voted. I'm not suggesting that he _should_ change his
           | name or even that such a solution is an acceptable state of
           | affairs. And the replies received re:past names are
           | furthering discussion.
        
             | voxic11 wrote:
             | Apparently AML/KYC programs do consider past names so that
             | people can't simply change their name to avoid sanctions.
             | But one would think if they were going into that much
             | detail they would be able to tell that you aren't the same
             | person as the sanctioned entity.
        
               | elric wrote:
               | KYC is a joke.
               | 
               | Source: I worked on a KYC system.
        
         | RobotToaster wrote:
         | How does that not violate the due process clause? It's pretty
         | clear they're acting "under color" of the state.
        
           | happyopossum wrote:
           | Due process is related to legal proceedings - this is a
           | commercial relationship.
        
           | advisedwang wrote:
           | "No person shall ... be deprived of life, liberty, or
           | property, without due process of law"
           | 
           | A SAR does not deprive you of life, liberty or property.
        
       | KaiserPro wrote:
       | Debanking isn't unique to the USA either.
       | 
       | In the UK, there is no concept of "universal service". if you
       | look dodgy, your bank account can be closed. However unless there
       | is strong evidence of fraud, you should be able to get your
       | assets back, assuming that you can find a bank to take you.
       | 
       | But
       | 
       | Its more often the most vulnerable that cannot get bank accounts.
       | If you have no fixed address, then you are not able to have a
       | bank account.
       | 
       | If you work in stuff that looks like a prude to be sex work, you
       | are also extremely vulnerable.
       | 
       | so yes, its great that this might be looked at in the USA, it
       | won't however get reform, because its a very powerful and useful
       | tool for the an administration to pull on when it wants to exert
       | pressure.
        
         | jdietrich wrote:
         | >In the UK, there is no concept of "universal service".
         | 
         | The nine largest banks have a legal duty to provide a bank
         | account to any eligible applicant under Part 4 of the Payment
         | Accounts Regulations 2015, except where providing an account
         | would be unlawful under other legislation (fraud, money
         | laundering and terrorist financing) or where the customer has
         | engaged in harassment against the bank's employees.
         | 
         | https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2015/2038/part/4
         | 
         | >If you have no fixed address, then you are not able to have a
         | bank account.
         | 
         | The above legislation applies to customers with no fixed
         | address. Two banks offer products specifically for customers
         | with no proof of identity and no fixed address. Many others
         | have significant flexibility in their identity and address
         | requirements.
         | 
         | https://england.shelter.org.uk/professional_resources/no_fix...
        
           | KaiserPro wrote:
           | Alas my edit time has ran out, otherwise I would update with
           | your correction.
           | 
           | Thank you for correcting me with sources, it is appreciated.
           | 
           | The People I know who have no fixed address, told me how
           | difficult it was to get an account. I know when I opened my
           | account recently, I had to provide a whole host of
           | information that wouldn't be possible to have if I was
           | homeless. I made the mistake of projecting incorrect
           | assumptions, confidently. I went full techbro, which is wrong
           | of me.
        
       | motohagiography wrote:
       | What's infuriating to me about this article is that bank
       | "supervision," makes banks a direct proxy for policy via
       | nominally private bodies but without any public accountability.
       | 
       | Well regulated banking is a national asset and source of soft
       | power internationally, and having a bunch of anxious de-bankers
       | at the controls is a hollowing out of the common wealth of the
       | society as a whole.
        
       | bilalq wrote:
       | In the Muslim community, we have a phrase for the phenomenon of
       | many of us getting debanked: "Banking while Muslim"[0][1].
       | LaunchGood was debanked a few years ago and really had to
       | struggle to survive[2][3].
       | 
       | My own startup was threatened to be kicked off Stripe with just
       | 24 hours of notice. It took an exhausting effort and connections
       | with employees inside Stripe to escalate our case to get our case
       | re-reviewed. Google Payments for the Play Store halted payment
       | processing randomly and sent me a message demanding to get copies
       | of my passport and other details. When I sent it, they said
       | they'd respond in 72-96 hours and just came back saying they
       | needed the same document again even after I sent it. This
       | repeated several times. Every time I contacted them, they came
       | back with an automated response saying that they'd look at my
       | message. After I asked for escalation to an account specialist,
       | the specialist said they'd get back to me in 96 hours. That
       | situation also took escalations with friends at Google to get
       | sorted out in the end, but not until we spent two weeks churning
       | subscribers and losing revenue.
       | 
       | [0]: https://ispu.org/banking-while-muslim/
       | 
       | [1]:
       | https://twitter.com/search?q=%23bankingwhilemuslim&src=typed...
       | 
       | [2]: https://www.thefp.com/p/debanking-america-melania-barron-
       | tru...
       | 
       | [3]:
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20190430201629/https://tinylette...
        
       | 9cb14c1ec0 wrote:
       | Incredibly informative write-up. I consider myself much more
       | banking-industry literate than most, and I learned a lot.
        
       | mikece wrote:
       | If you are debanked can you not sue for defamation and slander?
       | After all, only criminals and terrorists get debanked, and if
       | that's happening to me that's a public statement by a public
       | corporation.
       | 
       | There is also the problem of punitive action (debanking) upon
       | suspicion of wrong-doing rather than the conviction of it, which
       | is a violation of due process on the side of the government.
        
         | stainablesteel wrote:
         | andreesen's comments on JRE basically said this:
         | 
         | there was no way to sue because the banks were debanking anyone
         | involved in crypto as a "politically exposed person". this was
         | a regulation forced on the banks by the federal government. any
         | bank not following this policy would then be caught under a
         | million internal investigations by the feds, which is
         | excruciatingly painful for them. as such, the banks weren't
         | liable for following procedures, and the feds weren't
         | "responsible" for it as they were very passive aggressive in
         | writing and enforcing rules in such a way that didn't expose
         | them. it wasn't said openly but it was deeply assumed with an
         | undertone meant to circumvent the law. the politically exposed
         | thing had been done prior with gun manufacturers and weed
         | dispensaries so it had some kind of precedence
         | 
         | he described it as a puppet with no master above the strings
         | 
         | i completely agree that's it's 100% illegal, but there were a
         | number of people who apparently had this same problem yet had
         | no real legal recourse. i don't fully understand it but i
         | assume a bunch of well off founders would have been able to
         | figure it out. their only solution was to apparently support
         | trump because it was so heavily tied to the left wing
         | establishment.
        
       | stainablesteel wrote:
       | It definitely happens for political reasons. Let's be honest
       | here, this is a completely one-sided hunt. And it's the next step
       | in provoking war of retaliation amongst a political populous from
       | an establishment that's losing power. It's disgusting.
       | 
       | Anyone should be able to have a political opinion or open a
       | crypto business without needing to worry about the sanctity of
       | their bank accounts. Let's just all agree this is abhorrent
       | behavior and to stop this immediately. It's happening all across
       | the west and it needs to just stop. Political competitions should
       | be fair, not insidious.
        
         | flyingcircus3 wrote:
         | Wouldn't your argument be far more defensible if it wasn't
         | dripping with a siege mentality and provocative, yet
         | unfalsifiable claims? Youre a step away from claiming that the
         | children yearn for the mines.
        
           | stainablesteel wrote:
           | it happens in europe, canada, and did in the US, so it's not
           | just not unfalsifiable, it's provably true.
           | 
           | it's definitely not a siege mentality to say "let's treat
           | each other fairly despite political differences". i don't
           | know what you mean, the rest is nonsense
        
       | southernplaces7 wrote:
       | Given all the rightfully angry comments and descriptions in here
       | about how easily megacorp banks and financial institutions can
       | debank people on a whim with next to zero recourse, one wonders
       | why nothing like some sort of cryptoraphically generated,
       | decentralized token ecosystem doesn't exist by which people can
       | send each other usable monetary value rapidly and via many
       | avenues that are difficult to block...
       | 
       | We could call it, crypto... currency, maybe?
       | 
       | Wouldn't it be nice of something like this existed, at least as
       | an option for those who don't live in bubbles of never having
       | been the financial rape victims of a large bank, government or
       | formal regulatory algorithmic system.
        
       | FuriouslyAdrift wrote:
       | In the US, there's not a lot (other than a chunk of cash and lots
       | of regulations) to stop a private individual or group from
       | starting their own bank.
       | 
       | In the past, large companies and high net worth individuals did
       | just that.
        
       | snowwrestler wrote:
       | The implication that Libra was killed by a letter from 2 U.S.
       | Senators is hilarious. That's not how businesses make major
       | decisions.
       | 
       | A public letter from a couple Senators is not a leading indicator
       | of a regulatory problem. Individual Senators have essentially
       | zero regulatory power whatsoever.
       | 
       | It is a trailing indicator of a PR problem. The Hill staffer he
       | quotes is trying to point this out, but Patrick misses it.
       | Perhaps he does not have the personal experience to understand
       | this aspect of what Congress does (unlike the regs he covers
       | earlier in the article, which he clearly has working knowledge
       | of).
        
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