[HN Gopher] Tokyo is set to introduce a four-day workweek for go...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Tokyo is set to introduce a four-day workweek for government
       employees
        
       Author : amichail
       Score  : 608 points
       Date   : 2024-12-06 17:54 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.cnn.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.cnn.com)
        
       | 7thaccount wrote:
       | That sounds....huge. I know many working couples where one would
       | probably take that in a heartbeat. You lose some money, but gain
       | more family time and sanity. Having Friday to finish chores and
       | being able to enjoy the weekend unstressed is huge, not to
       | mention clocking out early each day to be able to pick up your
       | kid and not have to get back to work or whatever.
        
         | Heliosmaster wrote:
         | Yep, completely agree. After having our kid both me and my wife
         | work 80% so we have one extra day at home. Huge.
        
         | jajko wrote:
         | Not sure about rest of the world, but here in Switzerland
         | mothers often take Wednesdays off - first years of school its
         | not on Wednesdays, and then it starts with just mornings. Wife
         | has it and she repeatedly claimed that she will never go back
         | to 5 days workweek.
         | 
         | Most employers, be it private or state ones have 0 issues with
         | this setup. 20% less, maybe 15% net income less ain't that huge
         | of a deal - if it is, something ain't right in your finances
         | anyway. What is gained is very well worth it, time with parents
         | is crucial in many ways for small kids and if that window is
         | missed you can't make it up later. Catching up with stuff like
         | bureaucracy which is unavailable during weekends is possible
         | only during such time.
         | 
         | Its true that having kids fundamentally changed my view on
         | wealth and how much should I pursue higher paychecks, life is
         | darn short anyway and double that with kids. I am switching to
         | 90% contract from 1.1.2025 - working usual 5 days a week but
         | having altogether 48.5 MDs of paid vacation (90% of 25MDs I had
         | on 100% + 0.5 MD per each week in year, our HR recipe). It
         | feels like being a teacher but on corporate paycheck (and work
         | intensity). Even with 4 mortgages (for 2 properties) and no
         | family to help financially if we hit hardships, this was a
         | nobrainer. Other aspect would be retiring in 60 (max 61), but
         | that's too far down the line to care much about now.
         | 
         | I am looking very much into spending that time on family and
         | myself. One needs to be happy or at least content with its own
         | life to make others happy too, and thats not achievable easily
         | in rat races. For such benefits alone I don't care about higher
         | paychecks, money only can get you so far in life.
        
           | jefbyokyie wrote:
           | > 20% less, maybe 15% net income less ain't that huge of a
           | deal - if it is, something ain't right in your finances
           | anyway
           | 
           | or else, something maybe horribly broken _in your country_.
           | 
           | I'm happy for you, that you can easily dismiss 15% net
           | income. Try that in Hungary, where generally two full time
           | jobs together are nearly insufficient just to stay afloat.
           | 
           | > One needs to be happy or at least content with its own life
           | to make others happy too, and thats not achievable easily in
           | rat races
           | 
           | Very true, which is why mental health issues are rampant in
           | the Eastern Bloc.
        
             | StefanBatory wrote:
             | Doesn't help that the average attitude of people here of
             | mental health is that it doesn't exist.
             | 
             | My family used to believe, adn they still do, that the only
             | reason you'd go to psychiatrist is because you're "weird"
             | and that only crazies who belong in mental hospital go
             | there...
        
         | chachacharge wrote:
         | I kind of doubt this will be adopted practically in Japan. The
         | old people get time off and leave work early in Japan by
         | privilege and the young break themselves and any rule they need
         | to permit it. The young would even lie about taking time off to
         | make the boss look good, even taking less pay to sell the lie.
         | Who can have kids when you already have to change everyone's
         | diaper.
        
           | encoderer wrote:
           | Fascinating. Is the loyalty reciprocated?
        
             | wubrr wrote:
             | If the subordinates have to lie about taking time off, and
             | intentionally accept lower pay for the benefit of their
             | superiors - then no, it's definitely not reciprocated. I'd
             | argue the subordinates are straight up being abused in this
             | case.
        
               | l33tbro wrote:
               | I'm not saying you are wrong here, but I think it is
               | important to ground all of these old:young dynamics in
               | culture. 'Subordinate', to me, is a very western lens and
               | looks past the crucial point that the Japanese view power
               | structures with far more optimism than we do.
               | 
               | Japan clearly has its own problems, but honour and duty
               | play a significant part in their culture and, admirably,
               | contributes to the creation of a high-trust society.
        
               | coliveira wrote:
               | Arguably, the Japanese view a society that takes care of
               | the elderly with respect as a benefit to themselves. In
               | the other hand, it is a characteristic of Western society
               | to see every moment as an opportunity to make immediate
               | profits, even at the expense of their own future.
        
               | dukeyukey wrote:
               | In this case, it's taking care of the elderly to the huge
               | detriment of the young. And when you do that, you kinda
               | lose the future.
        
               | jefbyokyie wrote:
               | Exactly. What sane grandparent would want to live at the
               | cost of cannibalizing their grandchildren? What the
               | sandwich generation received as kids, they need to pay
               | that _forward_ , not _back_.
               | 
               | For one, I don't want a long life. I want to live as long
               | as I'm not a burden. Don't want to burn down in my final
               | years all that I will have built up for my kids and their
               | kids.
               | 
               | Now, they say that anime is not real life in Japan, and
               | it's true; however it absolutely reflects (I dare say:
               | _indoctrinates_ viewers with) cultural elements of Japan.
               | And this  "fuck up your kids' lives so you can take care
               | of your parents" is so characteristic. A good example (of
               | this terrible phenomenon) is in Lovely Complex, where
               | Nobu-chan effectively needs to abandon her sweetheart
               | Nakao-kun, just so she can care for her grandmother,
               | who's about to move to Hokkaido. The most heart-wrenching
               | part is where Nakao and Nobu's grandma sit at the dining
               | table, and Nakao is guilt-tripped into actively
               | encouraging Nobu's grandma to travel to Hokkaido _and_ to
               | rob him of his beloved Nobu. Fuck all that, seriously.
        
               | bestthrowaway wrote:
               | I agree with you, wholeheartedly. Children should not be
               | guilted into taking care of their elders.
               | 
               | My parents are immigrants from Southeast Asia and the
               | culture is similar, but it's children taking care of
               | their parents (in all facets, including financially).
               | People ask me why I'm not rich despite making a Silicon
               | Valley salary without living in Silicon Valley... Well, I
               | pay two rents (mine and my parents'). Yes, I know they
               | can move in with me to save money, yes I could just say
               | no and leave them in the lurch, yes I could do xyz, but
               | this is the reality.
               | 
               | I do have the sense of duty towards them, because they
               | took care of me and my siblings, and we wanted for
               | nothing, despite not being an affluent family. But the
               | tradition stops with me. I personally would never make my
               | kids take care of me like that, and I would rather be
               | euthanized early than have my family's last memories of
               | me being bedridden, changing my bed pan, etc. And I'm
               | taking all measures necessary to ensure that I leave my
               | family a financial legacy (life insurance, retirement
               | accounts, brokerage accounts, etc).
        
               | coliveira wrote:
               | You forget that every young person will become old later
               | (if alive). That's what they consider when looking at the
               | future.
        
               | dukeyukey wrote:
               | Old people have had a lifetime of experience and
               | opportunity to build themselves up for old age. Young
               | people have had nothing, and without that opportunity,
               | they'll be reduced to (metaphorically) cannibalising the
               | next generation.
        
               | nimish wrote:
               | "A society grows great when the old plant trees in whose
               | shade they shall never sit."
        
               | wkat4242 wrote:
               | Hmm I'm sure I would view that kind of social pressure as
               | a straightjacket and I would have a very fringey and
               | mediocre life in such a society.
               | 
               | I'm just someone who is different and western
               | civilization applauds individualism to some extent
               | (except highly religious communities, army, etc).
               | 
               | For people like me such societies are pretty cruel.
        
               | metacritic12 wrote:
               | I don't think reciprocation can be analyzed in a dynamic
               | setting like that.
               | 
               | Another version of this is, what happens if the younger
               | generation doesn't take the deal -- do they get fired?
               | Keeping them on is a form of reciprocation, even if
               | bleak.
               | 
               | Likewise, is there an implicit deal where when the young
               | get old, they get to work less? If so, it is eventually
               | reciprocated.
               | 
               | I do think it is not reciprocated instantaneously.
        
               | jefbyokyie wrote:
               | What you describe as reciprocation is actually
               | transgenerational exploitation. Be forcefully taken-from
               | when you are young, and then forcefully take (from the
               | young) when you are old.
               | 
               | It should be unidirectional giving. Give to your
               | children, and save for yourself. Retire to an assisted
               | living facility, don't become a burden. Hope to die as
               | soon as you become a burden. If you _decide_ to die,
               | because you are done living, I firmly believe that you
               | can die.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | Their view is a product of hard times. Your view is a
               | product of good times. Theirs is the observation that
               | people will be more committed to work hard to make things
               | better, if they can hope to eventually rest and partake
               | in some of the improvements. Yours is basically "fuck
               | off, YOLO and people should just have _fun_ ". Both views
               | have some good points behind them, but then yours is
               | unsustainable over more than a generation or two, while
               | GP's view is the one that sustains and enables yours.
               | 
               | Complicating things is the fact that for the fist 10+
               | years, _children are extreme burden_ , so the
               | "transgenerational exploitation" is actually done _by the
               | younger generation_ , even if they didn't mean it. That's
               | the cost of bringing them into existence. It's not fair
               | for parents to keep their children forever in their debt,
               | but let's not pretend we don't owe anything to our
               | parents and their generation either.
        
               | paulryanrogers wrote:
               | Parents chose to have children, how many (i.e. how much
               | their attention is divided), how they'll raise them (with
               | near absolute authority), and pick 50% of the kids' genes
               | (via the other parent). Children chose nothing. They owe
               | nothing.
               | 
               | It's selfish to demand your children be personally
               | responsible for you.
               | 
               | Making young people miserable under the crushing weight
               | of caring for themselves and their irresponsible elders
               | won't inspire them to produce and share grandkids.
        
             | kortilla wrote:
             | It's basically the same model as social security is
             | supposed to be. It's reciprocated societally by you putting
             | in lots when you're young and then you get the benefits
             | when you're old.
        
               | maest wrote:
               | That's tremendously reductionistic.
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | Not really. Societies all over structure taking care of
               | old retired people in different ways.
               | 
               | They all generally depend on the model of there being
               | population growth though in order to keep the burden on
               | the younger generations tolerable.
        
               | jefbyokyie wrote:
               | Yes, but it matters how much it intrudes on your personal
               | life.
               | 
               | Paying social security (and saving for retirement) when
               | you are young, and getting (some) coverage when you are
               | old, is one thing. It's "only" money.
               | 
               | Having your time, availability, emotional capacity,
               | mental health _sucked dry_ by the elderly in your own
               | family is an _entirely_ different thing. Raising small
               | children is an extreme challenge that requires all your
               | resources; young and middle-aged Japanese are _entirely
               | reasonable_ not to start families.
               | 
               | I recommend reading this:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandwich_generation#Other_c
               | hal...
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | > _Raising small children is an extreme challenge that
               | requires all your resources_
               | 
               | Indeed, and in the past, this would've been offset by
               | everyone around the parents - the old, the young, the
               | other families and the childless aunts and uncles - all
               | chiming in to share the burden. Social security &
               | retiremenet is basically an attempt to give a substitute
               | for that, for _the village_ , but things are getting more
               | and more pathological with each generation.
        
               | djtango wrote:
               | Someone close to me told me they chose to have two kids
               | because they didn't want the burden and responsibility of
               | caring for their parents to fall solely onto one child.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | It still might, eventually. One kid will live too far
               | away, the other will have family with small children,
               | etc. and the burden will end up falling on the one who's
               | closest and/or doesn't have kids of their own.
        
               | nimish wrote:
               | "A society grows great when the old plant trees in whose
               | shade they know they shall never sit"
        
           | feyman_r wrote:
           | Interestingly, a big company actually did an experiment in
           | Japan itself:
           | https://www.npr.org/2019/11/04/776163853/microsoft-japan-
           | say...
        
             | chachacharge wrote:
             | I worked for this company and they are a sponsor of NPR,
             | but thanks for the link? Was the study conducted and
             | audited by 3rd parties? I had to print from outside the
             | office during PTO sometimes also.
        
           | makeitdouble wrote:
           | That was largely true 10 to 20 years ago and is still true in
           | some pockets of society.
           | 
           | The younger have been giving the middle finger to these kind
           | of companies for a while now. Either literally, by proxy, or
           | going elsewhere and/or quit the whole corporate culture
           | altogether and doing "shit" jobs with more flexibility
           | instead (they feel screwed either way, at least they'll do it
           | on their own term)
           | 
           | This 4 days week measure has a realistic chance IMHO,
           | otherwise these gov job will stay the bottom of the barrel in
           | the new generation's perception.
        
             | Rendello wrote:
             | I have a friend, Mai (let's say), who's from Japan (and is
             | as terrified as I am at the country's work culture). She
             | texted her high school friend who's still there and working
             | in an office, day-in and day-out, and Mai asked her if
             | she's hanging out or talking to any of her old friends. The
             | friend said "You're my friend Mai :) I only talk with you".
             | 
             | She only sends her a text on Christmas and her birthday,
             | that's the extent of their yearly interaction!
        
               | makeitdouble wrote:
               | I also anecdotaly know a number of people in that bucket.
               | I don't know for your friend, but for many it comes down
               | to not caring that much about having "friends".
               | 
               | They will prioritize their hobbies over basically
               | anything, including socialization (they can still
               | socialize inside their hobby group, but they might not be
               | "friends" in the traditional way)
               | 
               | I'd see it as the same line of thinking as DINK, except
               | with a single income and no fucks given about romantic
               | relationships. Of course the situation could be different
               | if they were super affluent, but as they have to
               | prioritize they choose what makes them happy regardless
               | of social norms.
        
               | Rendello wrote:
               | Fair enough, I like having friends but have a hard time
               | figuring out when to fit them into my schedule.
               | 
               | In this case, I know my friend's friend talked about
               | constant overtime and not having a life outside of the
               | office.
               | 
               | I sent Mai this video of the crazy day-in-the-life of a
               | salaryman in Japan [1], and we both felt it was crazy,
               | but she said "I actually think he likes it". Some people
               | are cut out for overtime every day but I know I'd go
               | crazy.
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6tmjXp_AYg0
               | 
               | ---
               | 
               | Unrelated, but I (sort of) wish English had an obviative
               | case. It's hard to give a story about a friend and their
               | friend of the same gender in English without ambiguity,
               | hence why I gave [person 1] a name.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obviative
        
               | apt-apt-apt-apt wrote:
               | Good to know about the obviative case, that there's a
               | name for these type of things.
               | 
               | When writing docs in code recently, it struck me as a
               | little odd that pronouns can be used as a shorthand when
               | referring to a singular and a plural, but can't be if
               | they have the same plurality.
               | 
               | E.g. "When the name and errors exist, and it is non-empty
               | and they are capitalized, ..."
        
               | Rendello wrote:
               | Speaking of Japanese, I learned from that friend that
               | they don't use 2nd or 3rd person pronouns that much at
               | all, preferring to repeat the person's name. For third
               | person it's strange to my ears, but it was very
               | surprising to hear my name repeated in second person!
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_pronouns
        
         | cavisne wrote:
         | The issue is in corporate jobs (including tech) Friday is a
         | very relaxed day. If you are working a shorter week than
         | everyone else, you end up doing the same amount of work in less
         | time for less money.
        
           | Spooky23 wrote:
           | I did this a few years ago at a company I was a partner in.
           | We had a busy season where folks did overtime. The
           | expectation for salaried employees was a 4-day, 35 hour week,
           | but during that 3-4 week period, it may surge more.
           | 
           | 35 hour weeks used to be pretty common in a lot of businesses
           | before the overtime rules were watered down.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | My experience, especially post-COVID, is that meetings on
           | Friday are discouraged and nobody blinks at noon departures.
           | Etc. Not quite a four-day work week but came pretty close for
           | a lot of folks.
        
           | NoLinkToMe wrote:
           | Agreed, the Friday is essentially the day with the highest
           | pay:effort ratio. It's a 20% salary for relatively little
           | effort.
           | 
           | And given a ratio of 80% spending and 20% saving, that Friday
           | can be the difference between living paycheck-to-paycheck and
           | early retirement.
           | 
           | Essentially if you make 5k a month, spend 4k and invest 1k at
           | an 8% ROI from age 25, you'll have:
           | 
           | 180k, 570k and 1400k at age 35, 45 and 55 respectively. If
           | you live off of 4% of that, you'll have a passive income of
           | $0.6k, $1.9k and $4.6k respectively at the same ages.
           | 
           | In other words working that relaxed Friday from age 25 and
           | investing the proceeds, will get you to the point that you
           | passively earn the same as you did working Monday through
           | Thursday by age 52 or so, without working again. And that's
           | true for any income, at those same ratios.
           | 
           | For many tech jobs the salaries are so high that you can
           | feasibly get to early retirement in your 30s.
           | 
           | There's a lot to be said about the power of a 3-day weekend
           | though. It's not just that you get an extra day of weekend,
           | you also lose a day of work. Expressed as a ratio, is when it
           | clicked for me: You go from 5:2 to 4:3, or in other words:
           | 2.5 days of work for every 1 day of leisure -> 1.3 days of
           | work for every 1 day of leisure. It's approximately twice as
           | good a ratio. And you really feel it, you feel rested and
           | refreshed.
           | 
           | I'm still doing 5d a week. For me the holy grail is to find a
           | company that does 36h contracts with fulltime pay, where you
           | have a 4 day week every other week. All the benefits of full
           | pay, the occasional relaxed friday, but also two long
           | weekends each month allowing trips, hobbies, projects, rest
           | etc.
        
         | colechristensen wrote:
         | A long time ago when I was an intern at a defense contractor my
         | boss was a woman who had worked her whole career 30 hours a
         | week and was very happy about it, kept it up even when her kids
         | were graduating high school.
         | 
         | I also enjoyed the 9/80 schedule there, nominally 9 hour days
         | with a little flexibility with every other Friday off for
         | everyone.
        
         | blendo wrote:
         | Prior to retirement, I cut back to 32 hrs/week at 80% pay
         | (well, closer to 85% because I kept my full health). I
         | backfilled the pay cut by beginning a small 401k withdrawl.
         | 
         | All of a sudden, every Thursday evening felt like the start of
         | vacation!
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | It sort of happened with me by default. Probably didn't take
           | as much advantage as I should. And "retirement" is much less
           | retirement than it could be.
        
         | EasyMark wrote:
         | I worked out a 9hr/4 days week with my current company, I get
         | more work done in those 36 hours than I did in the 40 hours
         | before because I'm more relaxed after a long weekend and
         | considerably happier
        
         | viraptor wrote:
         | I took that option 4 years ago and wouldn't go back now. It's
         | not worth the increase in money vs the life improvement.
        
           | Cumpiler69 wrote:
           | That's only because you have enough money.
           | 
           | There's plenty of people who are still financially short
           | after a 40h job.
        
         | znpy wrote:
         | > You lose some money, but gain more family time and sanity.
         | Having Friday to finish chores and being able to enjoy the
         | weekend unstressed is huge
         | 
         | during my last job search i was thinking exactly the same. id'
         | hapily give up the usual 10-15% pay rise i look for when
         | hopping from one job to another, maybe even consider giving up
         | a 5-15% in order to get a 4-days work week.
         | 
         | I'm not rich by any means, but right now in my life "more
         | money" don't appeal to me that much but more free time
         | certainly does.
        
         | neycoda wrote:
         | Too many people in the US are living paycheck to paycheck on
         | hourly wages, many with two people in the household working
         | full-time. This is becoming normal. A 4-day workweek will hurt
         | them.
        
       | MBCook wrote:
       | I wish these stories would say if the hours are changing or not.
       | 
       | 32 hours, 4 days a week seems better to me. But if all you do is
       | take 40 hours and make it 10 hour days I'm not that much happier.
        
         | alienreborn wrote:
         | I would still take 40 hrs in 4 days vs 5 days. Full extra day
         | is a blessing.
        
         | Filligree wrote:
         | It's Japan, so they alread have 10 if not 12 hour days, a lot
         | of which isn't work in any sense. Cutting day out of the week
         | also means removing the near-obligatory after-work
         | 'socialising'.
        
         | FigurativeVoid wrote:
         | I have had friends and family that work 4x10s or even 3x12s and
         | they all vastly prefer the trade-off of more hours per work day
         | for fewer days.
        
           | MBCook wrote:
           | I'd still likely take the option, I just think it's
           | unnecessary. Productivity is ridiculously up since the 8 hour
           | day was established, even since just two decades ago.
           | 
           | Tasks expand to take up the available time, even if
           | usefulness doesn't.
           | 
           | I suspect you'd see little loss in cutting down to
           | 32/hr/week, and I suspect it would be more than made up for
           | by the gains of giving people that extra day. So it may be a
           | net positive.
           | 
           | I guess my main concern is that a lot of companies (not
           | speaking about Japan here, just the US) might decide to use
           | four days a week as a way to make people crunch four days
           | thinking that having three days off would make up for that.
           | And things wouldn't really be any better.
        
             | bsimpson wrote:
             | That's the unfortunate bit about salaries.
             | 
             | If you took a 4x per week job, you'd usually get a 20% pay
             | reduction; however, many jobs could be compressed to 4 days
             | without any loss in productivity.
        
           | rqtwteye wrote:
           | I did 4x10 and I found it horrible. During the four days, I
           | didn't get to do anything other than work and commute. And
           | the stupid thing was that my output (and that of my coworkers
           | as far as I could tell) was not really higher with 10 hours
           | than with 8 hours. Three day weekends are nice though.
        
           | notatoad wrote:
           | i've worked 10s before, and it's alternately amazing and
           | terrible. at an office job, answering emails and going to
           | meetings, 10hrs is completely beyond my tolerance level.
           | 
           | but if you've got a project, and you can just put your head
           | down and work, then 10s are really nice.
        
             | FigurativeVoid wrote:
             | I agree. It's nice if you have something you can get into
             | flow on.
             | 
             | The biggest issue with 10s is commute time. If you work 10s
             | with an hour+ commute, that's just awful.
        
               | elijaht wrote:
               | Wouldn't 10's be better for a longer commute? Need to do
               | it 4 vs 5 days?
        
               | notatoad wrote:
               | less overall commute time, yeah, but it means your day
               | might be literally nothing but work and sleep.
               | 
               | probably not long-term sustainable.
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | 10s may help the commute, depending on duration of local
               | rush hour. I've worked places where leaving at peak meant
               | an hour drive home, and waiting an hour (or two) meant a
               | 30 minute drive home.
               | 
               | Otoh, if you take mass transit, waiting an hour or two
               | may put you into all stop trains which could increase
               | your commute time.
        
         | anyfoo wrote:
         | I disagree, hard.
        
         | PittleyDunkin wrote:
         | > But if all you do is take 40 hours and make it 10 hour days
         | I'm not that much happier
         | 
         | One fewer day of needing to context-switch would be a major
         | life improvement.
        
         | taeric wrote:
         | From everyone I have ever known that was able to do the fewer
         | days, even with same hours, it is still a game changer.
        
         | siavosh wrote:
         | Curious how this plays out and comments from anyone who works
         | there now. From what I've read about Japanese work culture,
         | there are many perks/benefits offered but most do not take it
         | cause it's considered selfish etc.
        
         | cableshaft wrote:
         | One year a company did mandatory 'half-day Fridays' during the
         | summer where the company closed after a half day on Friday.
         | 
         | But in order to do that we had to work 9 hour days Monday -
         | Thursday.
         | 
         | That extra hour those four days felt torturous, so it meant
         | four days of feeling awful just so I could leave a few hours
         | early on a day in which most people (and myself) already
         | weren't working too hard anyway.
         | 
         | I hated it.
         | 
         | This was at a very low output insurance company, btw, so there
         | often wasn't huge pressure to get things done quickly (new
         | software releases were once a quarter, and IT would complain
         | that two months lead time wasn't enough time to provision a
         | single new server that was a clone of an existing server, as an
         | example of how slow things moved), and the days dragged on way
         | long.
         | 
         | I worked more high pressure startups before where I was often
         | there for 9 or more hours by necessity to meet deadlines that
         | didn't feel so bad.
        
           | Aurornis wrote:
           | I had a job that offered your choice of 4x10 or 5x8.
           | 
           | Many people took the 4x10 but then discovered they couldn't
           | handle 10 hour days every day. Like you said, the last 1-2
           | hours were so unproductive they might as well have been not
           | working.
           | 
           | So some people didn't even try to work those last 2 hours.
           | They'd sit at their desks and watch things or play games,
           | pretending to work when anyone came in. Kind of ruined it for
           | everyone.
        
             | xandrius wrote:
             | So you traded 1 whole day for 2h a day to do whatever you
             | wanted but at the office?
             | 
             | Sounds like you spread Friday across the other days. Still
             | a good deal to me, I'd take some online courses or
             | something I wanted to do anyway in my free time.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | > 2h a day to do whatever you wanted but at the office?
               | 
               | Oh, joy. I definitely wouldn't prefer a prison cell with
               | a bed, tv, bookshelf, and privacy. What were those WFH
               | people crying about?
        
           | EasyMark wrote:
           | I always saw half time Fridays as just as bad as Fridays as a
           | full work day. Now you're just kinda making fun of workers
           | with that. If I'm already doing the commute and the shower
           | and the crap I have to do in the morning what's the
           | point?Might as well get some real work in and do a full day
        
           | impute wrote:
           | I had a similar experience. I worked for a place where if you
           | worked 48 minutes more per day, you'd get every 2nd Friday
           | off. This was a unionized place that was pretty strict about
           | not working extra hours due to overtime rules. After being
           | hired, I didn't partake in this but had pretty short
           | workdays. I would start at 8:30 and then leave at 4. It was
           | great. However, pretty much everyone in the company did the
           | system to get the 2nd Friday off. So I tried switching to
           | that and I felt the same. It just felt so much longer.
        
           | wkat4242 wrote:
           | > One year a company did mandatory 'half-day Fridays' during
           | the summer where the company closed after a half day on
           | Friday.
           | 
           | > But in order to do that we had to work 9 hour days Monday -
           | Thursday.
           | 
           | This is SOP at my work in Spain. It's fine for me, they're
           | very flexible anyway. And I work from home so much that it
           | doesn't really exhaust me.
        
         | reverendsteveii wrote:
         | not that much happier, no, but it's non-zero. esp with commute
         | time, arranging lunch outside the home, parking or public
         | transportation costs, childcare costs and all sorts of other
         | little expenses that just vanish when you can stay home. Plus a
         | 4x10 schedule doesn't result in a pay cut the way going from
         | 5x8 to 4x8 would. My mom worked 4x10 as a nurse my entire
         | childhood and loved the extra day.
        
         | nine_k wrote:
         | One of my previous jobs did just that: 10-hours days, 4 days a
         | week. First as an experiment for a month. They found our that
         | performance has grown across the board (engineering, sales,
         | support, etc) and then made it permanent; everybody rejoiced.
         | 
         | It was so much easier since then.
        
         | WillyWonkaJr wrote:
         | 100% -- We've been promised more free time due to AI. Probably
         | better to cash in now before this promise is rescinded.
        
           | MBCook wrote:
           | We were with mechanical automation too. And computers. And
           | every other advance.
           | 
           | Things improve, jobs take less time to do, so they give us
           | more. But it's the same number of hours so pay doesn't go up.
           | 
           | We all get screwed.
        
             | insane_dreamer wrote:
             | But you and your company are now "family", so you can bask
             | in the glow of generating more shareholder value
             | "together"! Hurrah.
        
         | eikenberry wrote:
         | For many high focus, mentally taxing jobs going from 8 to 10
         | hour days won't make a difference as you're already done after
         | 4-6 hours anyways.
        
         | mrweasel wrote:
         | If they are just compress the 40 hours down to 4 days, then
         | this won't work. I don't know how it works in Japan, but how
         | the hell are you suppose to drop off and pick up kids with a 10
         | hour day, are schools and daycare even available 11-12 hours
         | per day? They'd be increasing the stress four days a week to an
         | ungodly level where families won't be able to function.
         | 
         | Most of these four-day workweeks are almost always bullshit,
         | because they insist on keeping the same hours. I hope that's
         | not the case here. Some companies have been experimenting with
         | just slashing a day a week completely and it always increase
         | productivity, retention and happiness.
        
         | insane_dreamer wrote:
         | > make it 10 hour days I'm not that much happier
         | 
         | I'd much much rather work 4 x 10 than 5 x 8. Having a whole day
         | without work makes a huge difference. Also, I find myself
         | working 10 hrs a day anyway, so 5 x 10 (or more like 5 x 12).
        
         | LightBug1 wrote:
         | Yeah, just implementing a 4 day week without clarity is
         | horseshit
         | 
         | We've just implemented it for the winter and, while kind of
         | good, the expectation is that you'll just get your work done
         | with no conversation about capacity or differences between
         | employees and departments and workloads.
         | 
         | I've actually said it ... I'd prefer 5 days with hybrid than a
         | 4 day week
         | 
         | Who thought everyone wants a 4 day week? ... I just want the
         | freedom to choose a balanced life and get a job done ...
         | effectively giving the employer a day back!
         | 
         | I feel like we've learned nothing from Covid.
         | 
         | Having ranted that. For those implementing this properly.
         | Kudos.
        
       | FigurativeVoid wrote:
       | Clarifying point: this is the Tokyo local government not a
       | national policy.
        
         | teractiveodular wrote:
         | And even in Tokyo it only applies to metropolitan (roughly,
         | state) workers, not the ward (roughly, city) governments.
         | 
         | According to the data below, there's anywhere from 33k to 161k
         | metropolitan employees depending on where you draw the line.
         | 
         | https://www.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/tosei/hodohappyo/press/2024/01...
        
           | urthor wrote:
           | A very important clarification.
           | 
           | Sounds like office workers only.
        
       | antisthenes wrote:
       | Too little too late. It may have an impact on the next
       | generation, in 10-20 years, if at all.
       | 
       | Also, for government employees only...
        
         | mikestew wrote:
         | The best time to plant a tree, and all...
         | 
         | Surely your argument isn't, "at this point, why bother to do
         | anything?"
        
           | antisthenes wrote:
           | > Surely your argument isn't, "at this point, why bother to
           | do anything?"
           | 
           | Surely if the effort exceeds the value of the outcome, then
           | it shouldn't be done?
        
             | kirubakaran wrote:
             | You haven't made an argument for that point at all
        
               | antisthenes wrote:
               | I haven't made an argument against it either. I merely
               | estimated the realistic impact.
        
       | matt3210 wrote:
       | Better: work with families to alternate remote days so one parent
       | stays home with the kids and no need for childcare service
        
         | Heliosmaster wrote:
         | Do you really think that being remote is "staying home with the
         | kids"? You're physically in the same building as them, but
         | either you're not really working, or your kids don't actually
         | need an adult to be there because they are grown up anyway, so
         | no childcare is needed because they go to school.
        
         | writtenAnswer wrote:
         | Many jobs might be in-person especially in Japan
        
       | hunglee2 wrote:
       | its got to help, but the main thing Japan needs to do is de-
       | Toykoify the country. Urban density is probably the main causes
       | for decline in fertility, and Tokyo is the worst example globally
       | of runaway urban agglomeration.
        
         | tokioyoyo wrote:
         | People choose to live in Tokyo. They tried to give a buttloads
         | of incentives to move to the countryside, but few take them,
         | because... city life is just easier, more convenient and more
         | fun. But I still agree, it might affect it in a roundabout way.
         | 
         | When you live in a city, you have more opportunities to do
         | anything else other than having children. Also, Japan's
         | fertility rate isn't that much lower than Canadas. They just
         | got to the problem earlier than anyone else, so trying to
         | resolve it with any possible means. The biggest problem still
         | continues though -- there's no real reason or incentive to have
         | more than 2 children, other than "for the good of the society".
         | And women are less likely to sacrifice bare minimum of 6 years
         | of their lives to give birth to 3 children. Especially when
         | they can do... literally anything else.
         | 
         | Every educated girl friend of mine thinks exactly the same way
         | as well. Some had a child or two, but more than that it's just
         | a burden to the couple. I'm obviously simplifying things, and
         | once the third child is born, they're loved and etc. But it's
         | going to be a very hard sell for anyone.
        
         | Hilift wrote:
         | Depopulation resulted in an oversupply of nine million housing
         | vacancies outside the cities. Tokyo pays people a million yen
         | per child to move out of the city. It looks like the population
         | plateaued about 10 years ago and is trending down slightly.
         | https://www.macrotrends.net/global-metrics/cities/21671/toky...
        
       | pamelafox wrote:
       | Would schools and childcare providers also have 4-day workweeks?
       | I really appreciate that I have 5 days of childcare now, as I
       | find it exhausting to be 24/7 parenting two lil kids for two days
       | straight (the weekends). If the norm was 4-day workweeks, I would
       | pay my nanny overtime for Fridays. And then yes, maybe I'd get
       | chores done on Friday! Currently, chores just don't get done
       | ever. :D
        
         | pamelafox wrote:
         | " It separately announced another policy that will allow
         | parents with children in grades one to three in elementary
         | schools to trade off a bit of their salary for the option to
         | clock out early."
         | 
         | This is really nice, this was the option that I wanted for my
         | first kid. I would want this from the day they were born
         | though, not just grades 1-3. It helps with breastfeeding
         | scheduling.
        
         | sahila wrote:
         | What about the nanny wanting a 4 day work week, and what if
         | they have children of their own?
        
           | pamelafox wrote:
           | Indeed! My nanny does have kids of her own. So I would either
           | pay her overtime or I would find additional childcare for the
           | 5th day.
           | 
           | I'm just pointing this out because I hear "4 day workweek"
           | talked about a lot, but it's never clear to me if folks mean
           | that _everyone_ is getting those 4 days, including childcare
           | providers or teachers, and if that 's actually what folks
           | want. People in this thread talk about getting chores done,
           | but I'm not getting any chores done if I'm taking care of my
           | lil kids, I'm just getting an even messier house. :D
        
       | WillyWonkaJr wrote:
       | Japan is forecast to still have 50 million people in 2120. I
       | wouldn't call this a population crisis. With some rewilding it
       | could be quite pleasant! I suspect companies are afraid of not
       | growing, and governments are afraid to cut spending.
       | 
       | Source: https://www.jcer.or.jp/english/new-population-projection-
       | how...
        
         | jorblumesea wrote:
         | It's not about the amount of people but your population
         | pyramid. If your population halves, expect a lot of pain.
         | Especially for the elderly.
        
           | cableshaft wrote:
           | Especially for something like Social Security safety nets,
           | which relies on a larger younger population paying into it.
           | I'm not sure if Japan has an equivalent but I think they do.
        
             | WillyWonkaJr wrote:
             | This is a great argument for individual retirement accounts
             | rather than using the young to pay for the elderly. In the
             | United States, if everyone's social security tax were put
             | in an index fund, then everyone would be millionaires upon
             | retirement.
             | 
             | There are solutions other than pleading with people to have
             | more kids.
        
               | lenerdenator wrote:
               | The idea behind OASDI (Old Age, Survivors, and Disability
               | Insurance), more commonly known as Social Security, is
               | not that you retire a millionaire.
               | 
               | It's the US government saying "since we are a wealthy
               | nation, we will not let you spend your elderly years
               | destitute."
               | 
               | That's it. That's literally all it is. It was meant to
               | keep grandpa from being a burden on his family when he
               | was too old to work, which in the 1930s meant when you
               | were too old to do actual physical labor.
               | 
               | Since then the American public has seen it as a nice
               | little bonus they get for living past 65 and has started
               | stealing from younger generations in the form of
               | sovereign debt in order to maintain that instead of
               | treating it like the insurance policy it actually is.
        
               | supplied_demand wrote:
               | ==Since then the American public has seen it as a nice
               | little bonus they get for living past 65 and has started
               | stealing from younger generations in the form of
               | sovereign debt in order to maintain that instead of
               | treating it like the insurance policy it actually is.==
               | 
               | Social Security has it's own funding stream, a tax on
               | wages earned. It does not add to the deficit or increase
               | borrowing. If the funding dries up, the benefits are
               | reduced. This is the Social Security cliff we hear about
               | all the time.
        
               | lenerdenator wrote:
               | But there's only so many dollars you can pull from a wage
               | earned. A dollar pulled for OASDI is a dollar that can't
               | be pulled for anything else, and the person earning said
               | dollar will express dissatisfaction at the ballot box if
               | you try to make up for that by taking another dollar.
               | 
               | A retirement bonus (which is what OASDI is for millions
               | of retired Americans) costs more than a retirement
               | insurance plan, because one gets drawn from by everyone,
               | while the other can simply be denied if it isn't strictly
               | necessary for the person trying to collect the benefit.
               | 
               | A more expensive program requires more tax revenue to
               | administer, revenue that could be used on anything else.
               | Since we haven't had a real national discussion about
               | federal taxes in 30+ years in the US, we now take the
               | spending that would be funded with the tax revenues that
               | could be freed up by a less-expensive implementation of
               | retirement insurance - one that's treated as actual
               | insurance - and instead fund it with deficit spending.
        
               | cableshaft wrote:
               | I do already put money into a 401k. I will likely be a
               | millionaire before retirement, assuming no major
               | catastrophes and steady employment in jobs that pay at a
               | similar level (adjusted for inflation) before then.
               | 
               | I don't know if the same would be true for most people,
               | though (I make significantly more than the average
               | household income -- although probably less than a lot of
               | people here because I'm not making Silicon Valley money
               | -- and I don't have children).
               | 
               | It's an interesting idea worth exploring, but I'm not
               | sure if just switching social security money to
               | retirement accounts would be sufficient.
               | 
               | Administration and making sure people don't dig into them
               | before retirement would potentially be very expensive too
               | (although to be fair, I'm sure Social Security
               | administration costs are very high also).
               | 
               | Are you aware of any studies that analyze such a
               | solution? I imagine there must be something out there.
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | In the end, it is a matter of the amount of labor done by
               | the future generation to support the previous one, vs the
               | amount they do for themselves, right? I mean, we can
               | account for it however we want, but if every elderly
               | person was a millionaire, I guess we'd just have... very
               | high demand for the types of doctors that serve the
               | elderly.
               | 
               | The money doesn't take care of people, people paid by the
               | money do.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | I think you also generally need an exponentially
               | increasing supply of working people in order for the
               | economy to grow exponentially.
        
               | orangecat wrote:
               | While I'm skeptical of the current state of Social
               | Security, this doesn't quite work. The dollars in your
               | account are useful only to the extent that there is stuff
               | being produced that you can buy with them. If your
               | population is mostly retired people, there's not going to
               | be much stuff and prices will be bid up rapidly. So
               | great, there's $10 million in your private account,
               | unfortunately your home nurse costs $2 million a year.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Numbers in a database, whether they are in the millions
               | or billions or trillions, don't mean anything unless
               | there are sufficient things/services to buy.
        
             | jorblumesea wrote:
             | every social safety net in every country needs to be funded
             | somehow and a shrinking population means more debt to take
             | on or higher taxes on existing workers. nothing is free.
        
               | cableshaft wrote:
               | Yeah that was kind of my point. That's why it's better if
               | there are more younger people to contribute than elderly
               | people. If there's less, then the burder is greater on
               | individuals.
        
         | irrational wrote:
         | What percentage of the 50 million will be old people?
        
           | WillyWonkaJr wrote:
           | 40.4%
        
         | tdb7893 wrote:
         | The population more than halving in the next century causes
         | issues for normal people with expenses of supporting aging
         | population and maintaining infrastructure with an ever
         | dwindling percent of the population working age. There are some
         | benefits to lower populations but also significant practical
         | drawbacks to working class people.
        
         | nine_k wrote:
         | The problem is not the absolute number of people, but the ratio
         | of relatively younger people who work and produce something,
         | and the elderly who already are too frail and can only consume
         | (pensions, medical care, etc).
         | 
         | Japan has now fewer productive workers per elderly person than
         | most developed countries.
        
           | pesus wrote:
           | Even if the birth rate suddenly tripled, it wouldn't solve
           | that issue for at least a generation. There's going to have
           | to be other solutions, maybe in the form of
           | automation/robotics/etc in conjunction with societal/economic
           | changes. I wouldn't be surprised if the older population
           | resists necessary changes and exacerbates the problem,
           | though.
        
             | standardUser wrote:
             | A change to immigration policy could solve the issue within
             | years, but Japan seems like the least likely nation to
             | embrace that approach.
        
             | kortilla wrote:
             | Solving in a generation is fine if it starts now. GP is
             | talking about a projection 100 years out.
        
           | supplied_demand wrote:
           | ==Japan has now fewer productive workers per elderly person
           | than most developed countries.==
           | 
           | Maybe, over the long run, we could change the expectation
           | that elderly people can't be productive. Perhaps eliminating
           | 20% of the workweek will allow people to maintain careers
           | that are longer? The need to race towards retirement may
           | lessen if we ease the burden of our weekly work schedule.
        
             | TomK32 wrote:
             | I don't see many of my 40-ish age who live healthy enough
             | by exercising, going to work by bike or walking instead of
             | car, so they can still be active, let alone productive when
             | they enter retirement age.
        
               | supplied_demand wrote:
               | I'm not sure I follow your comment. It's possible that AI
               | will change the idea of who can be productive, just as
               | the internet has changed the idea of who can be
               | productive (people with limited mobility, for example).
        
             | beezlebroxxxxxx wrote:
             | A lot of elderly Japanese already keep working well into
             | old age. Some do it for health reasons (physical and
             | mental), financial reasons, or out of something like civic
             | pride/need to contribute to society. The problem is the
             | sector of jobs that elderly people can't do.
        
             | orangecat wrote:
             | It's just biology. People in their 70s and older are very
             | likely to have physical and/or cognitive issues that
             | substantially reduce their potential productivity. This is
             | one of many reasons we should prioritize preventing and
             | repairing the effects of aging, but until that happens it's
             | going to be a problem.
        
               | casey2 wrote:
               | It's just fear mongering, maybe they are like 10% less
               | productive every decade-group after 60 on average, but
               | it's hard to tell considering people leave the work force
               | at 65. I'd wager that they are more productive on average
               | than 20-30 year olds unless they have dementia.
               | 
               | Having an older population is only a problem if want
               | unskilled labor to remain cheap relative to it's social
               | value. The whole world has seen from America that relying
               | on an immigrant underclass creates too many negative
               | externalities for the price saved, I doubt Japan will
               | copy this plan, they will just bite the bullet, pay more,
               | and then act surprised when NEETs decide to work.
        
         | rm_-rf_slash wrote:
         | When populations age and shrink, everything becomes more
         | difficult.
         | 
         | Fewer working hands have to support more elderly retirees.
         | 
         | Less spending means less development, less maintenance, things
         | break down and nobody can afford to fix them. Entire towns and
         | villages slowly wither into nothing. It's a long, slow,
         | grinding, painful process with no other way around it.
         | 
         | And it's easy to say "maybe that village should disappear" when
         | it's not _your_ village.
        
           | barbazoo wrote:
           | It's not sustainable. Immigration would help but from what
           | I've heard, it seems that Japan isn't very immigration
           | positive overall.
        
         | lenerdenator wrote:
         | The problem isn't that companies are "afraid of not growing",
         | or governments are "afraid to cut spending", it's that they've
         | already signed off on paying back loans over the span of
         | decades and were expecting to be able to pay off those loans
         | with the value created by a growing population.
         | 
         | It's less about fear and more about economic realities.
        
           | bee_rider wrote:
           | What currency are the loans denominated in?
           | 
           | If they are looking at a large aged population (lots of
           | retirement savings) and lots of debt, inflation seems like an
           | obvious solution, right? People not working will take a QoL
           | hit due to their savings being worth less. But that is...
           | what it is, I guess.
        
           | rurp wrote:
           | Western governments hardly operate on a shoestring budget,
           | rather they've spent generations spending profligately with
           | the assumption that massive sustained economic growth would
           | bail them out without having to make any hard tradeoffs. That
           | strategy has worked out ok so far but it has always been a
           | fragile one and we might be entering an era where it fails to
           | work in many places.
           | 
           | The transition to much lower deficit spending certainly won't
           | be popular and might go catastrophically poorly. I actually
           | think there's a pretty good chance that things will go quite
           | poorly, but there's no reason it has to be so.
        
             | lenerdenator wrote:
             | > there's no reason it has to be so.
             | 
             | Besides basic human nature.
        
             | ludston wrote:
             | Well, mainly the majority of wealth is being focused in the
             | hands of a minority of private individuals and corporations
             | which rather hamstrings the budget.
        
         | bee_rider wrote:
         | A lot of Japanese videogames seem to be set in a sort of
         | pseudo-post-apocalyptic sort of setting (Final Fantasy comes to
         | mind), where it isn't like... mad max raider stuff, but it is
         | clear that society once was larger and more developed, and now
         | things are diminished with some remnants. I'm wonder if their
         | population dynamics inspired that.
        
           | bbqfog wrote:
           | WWII is a much more likely inspiration.
        
         | brtkdotse wrote:
         | It's not great if it's 15 million supporting 35 million
         | children, elderly and sick.
        
           | WillyWonkaJr wrote:
           | Here's a case where robotics and other innovations can help
           | out.
        
             | barbazoo wrote:
             | A diaper changing robot would take care of both ends of the
             | spectrum, young and old.
        
       | Barrin92 wrote:
       | >Many sociologists attribute the ever-plunging birth rates to
       | Japan's unforgiving work culture and rising costs of living.
       | 
       | It still seems like an incredibly odd argument to me given that
       | the birth rate is only marginally lower than in the most
       | generous, least working European nations. Hungary spent 5%(!) of
       | its GDP on direct family support and it did very little (raised
       | the birth rate by 0.15 give or take).
       | 
       | I wonder when people will just acknowledge that most of the
       | secular decline of 1-2 children is simply down to personal
       | choice, family planning, education and financial freedom. (and
       | adjust economic policies accordingly)
        
         | MobiusHorizons wrote:
         | > adjust economic policies accordingly
         | 
         | What do you have in mind? My understanding is that this is not
         | something there is much of an economic solution for short of
         | canceling benefits (pensions / medical care)
        
           | standardUser wrote:
           | Immigration solves the issue entirely. Maybe not perpetually,
           | but for the foreseeable future.
        
           | Barrin92 wrote:
           | Pension reform is unpopular but will need to happen in
           | developed economies at some point or otherwise the youth that
           | remains will completely crash out. One positive of the
           | population pyramid is that the small next generations stand
           | to inherit quite a lot softening it to some extent. But it's
           | necessary.
           | 
           | Not enough discussed is also how much potential for labour
           | saving tech there is. The most 20 common jobs almost haven't
           | changed in decades. Retail, transport, clerks, back office,
           | admin, even without magic "AI" solutions, if we wanted to we
           | could design work around drastically cutting labour already.
           | It's actually one benefit of the demographics, a lot of
           | automation isn't happening because manual labour is cheap in
           | a lot of places, so there's potential for growth even.
        
         | Aeolun wrote:
         | The policies that make schooling and childcare free in Japan
         | are very nice.
         | 
         | The problem is that it doesn't move the needle. At least in
         | Tokyo it's more or less impossible to not have two working
         | parents and own a house. Outside of Tokyo, you might own a
         | house, but there's no jobs and everyone around you is 60+
        
       | reverendsteveii wrote:
       | I feel like it's been a long time fretting over falling birth
       | rates and this is the first time I've seen anyone float the idea
       | that making life better for people might make them a bit more
       | inclined to make more people.
        
         | Spivak wrote:
         | And treat parenting as something other than a passion project
         | you work on nights and weekends.
        
         | nkzd wrote:
         | I am not sure about this one. In the past, quality of life was
         | terrible compared to modern life but fertility was not an
         | issue.
        
           | bbqfog wrote:
           | Was it more terrible? You certainly had more organic social
           | connections and family support. Physically tougher than a
           | modern white collar job? Sure. Better than commuting and
           | working for some shitty boss though!
        
             | Asraelite wrote:
             | Try asking that after spending a while living in a tenement
             | building with 3 people per room and frequent outbreaks of
             | dysentery and smallpox.
        
               | bbqfog wrote:
               | People still live like this today.
        
               | cowgoesmoo wrote:
               | extremely rare in countries with falling birth rates
        
             | ipaddr wrote:
             | We take so much for granted. Living in a world without
             | electricity, medicine, food scarcity, lack of safety net.
             | 
             | Family didn't offer as much support as it appears. Average
             | kids are working farms rich children are sent away to be
             | raised.
             | 
             | The social bonds of the modern world still exist in the
             | same places as the past. It starts with the church.. so if
             | you crave the social connections you can still go to church
             | to find it.
        
               | brendoelfrendo wrote:
               | You almost had a coherent point until the last sentence.
               | I'll take my social bonds without the side-order of
               | dogma, thanks.
        
               | ipaddr wrote:
               | What bonds people in the past is religious dogma. We
               | removed it and we wonder why our social bonds are so
               | weak.
               | 
               | I'm not suggesting we go back but we have nothing to
               | replace it. The one thing a church did was welcome in
               | everyone. We don't have places like that anymore.
        
               | brendoelfrendo wrote:
               | I guess I have to tell my local card shop to stop
               | welcoming everyone on Commander night, because you're
               | only allowed to do that if you're a church.
        
               | ipaddr wrote:
               | Welcoming people with money who buy cards as a promotion
               | to sell goods.
               | 
               | It's not a place to hold a wedding or funeral. You can't
               | go inside and sit down without someone trying to sell you
               | something.
               | 
               | Some form of community can happen at a card shop. I use
               | to hang around one when a was younger. Also got kicked
               | out every now and then for hanging out too much.
        
               | brendoelfrendo wrote:
               | I got married in a public park. It was free and everyone
               | can convene there. What it doesn't do is insulate you
               | from people you may find disagreeable or distasteful,
               | which a church does.
        
               | ipaddr wrote:
               | Most places require a permit but aside from that, that's
               | a personal event you invited people you know to. Everyone
               | can't convene there. It's a one time event and because
               | you pick the guests it does insulate you from people you
               | find disagreeable.
        
               | FredPret wrote:
               | ipaddr has a point.
               | 
               | The average person (non-scientist, non-technical) has
               | replaced belief in the supernatural and the church with
               | belief in science and the institutions of the state, and
               | though there have been major improvements, we haven't
               | completely refactored the old yet. Community and meaning
               | is major functionality that we have yet to figure out
               | anew.
        
               | brendoelfrendo wrote:
               | I mean, this is the concept of the "third space." They
               | have existed throughout history and while churches are
               | certainly one example, they are not the only example. A
               | church (or temple or mosque or whatever) fills a certain
               | community role as a gathering space for religious
               | worship, but it's not the only place where you can meet
               | and talk to people.
        
               | FredPret wrote:
               | Come up with a third space to rival the church of old and
               | you'll be hailed as a cultural hero for the next
               | millenium. Starbucks has not cut it.
        
               | acuozzo wrote:
               | Jim Rouse thought it would be the shopping mall and
               | designed my city of residence (Columbia, MD) with the
               | shopping mall at its center.
               | 
               | It was a decent bet for 1967.
        
           | yoyohello13 wrote:
           | People didn't have a choice back then. So the two options now
           | are: "force people to have kids" or "make life better for
           | people so they want kids". I'd like to think we've evolved
           | enough as a society to choose the later option.
        
             | Ray20 wrote:
             | There is no later option, actually. No matter how good life
             | would be - people won't have more children. Prosperity in
             | the context of fertility matters only in relative values,
             | not in absolute values. People have a lot of children not
             | when they are wealthy, but when they are wealthier than
             | others, and so it always be minority, no matter how good
             | life are.
        
           | brendoelfrendo wrote:
           | Quality of life was terrible, but some things were still
           | easier. Most importantly, that terrible quality of life was
           | cheap enough that your kids could probably support you in
           | your old age. Medical care wasn't so advanced, which is
           | cheaper, but also means you had a good chance of dying
           | younger or of a condition we could cure today. Housing was
           | cheaper but also worse back then. Investments weren't
           | accessible to the vast majority of people and "retirement" as
           | a concept didn't really exist for the lower classes except as
           | an idea that you would probably be too old to effectively do
           | your job someday. Nowadays, your kids probably can't afford
           | to support you into your old age, and you probably don't have
           | a pension, which means making more money now so that you
           | don't have to work until you die. You have a lot more options
           | for a higher quality of life, but they tend to require that
           | you prioritize money over a family unless you are either in
           | the privileged position of being able to afford both or poor
           | enough that it doesn't matter.
        
           | ativzzz wrote:
           | I imagine that birth control as well as the giant array of
           | entertainment options available to us other than sex
           | contributes to modern fertility
           | 
           | Why do poorer people have more kids? Sex is free, birth
           | control and netflix is not
        
             | lern_too_spel wrote:
             | Poor people are also more religious, and in the age of
             | birth control,religions that don't explicitly require their
             | adherents to procreate will have far fewer followers than
             | those that do after just a few generations.
        
           | plantwallshoe wrote:
           | Kids used to be seen as a way to increase quality of life.
           | They were free labor and a retirement plan all rolled into
           | one.
           | 
           | They still are seen as a way to increase quality of life but
           | in a more vibey sort of way.
        
           | insane_dreamer wrote:
           | > In the past, quality of life was terrible compared to
           | modern life but fertility was not an issue.
           | 
           | not sure which "past" you're referring to, but in
           | agricultural societies, more kids was important to survival
           | and quality of life, as you needed hands on the farm; also,
           | the child mortality rate was much higher so you had to have
           | more kids to start with; that was also pre-birth control --
           | as soon as that was introduced the birth rate started to fall
           | tremendously
        
         | beezlebroxxxxxx wrote:
         | It's not really a problem you can pick around at the edges. You
         | have to take some big swings to try to resolve it. Politicians,
         | businesses, and the _entire_ voting public, need to take a hard
         | look at the real things they can do that will have an actual
         | effect. 4-day workweek is a big one.
        
           | dennis_jeeves2 wrote:
           | >entire voting public,
           | 
           | Won't happen explicitly, The masses are short sighted. Might
           | happen implicitly through a series of co-incidental events
           | but never by design.
        
           | colechristensen wrote:
           | Second item: housing needs to be a bad investment. Both for
           | individuals and corporate.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | Land (and rent seeking) need to be a bad investment.
             | Building housing (and building anything in general, whether
             | it be housing, businesses, families, etc) should be a good
             | investment.
             | 
             | Right now, with earned income tax, we do the exact
             | opposite. We punish the people that do things, and reward
             | the rent seekers with tax breaks (1031 exchange/low land
             | value tax rates/senior citizen discounts/etc). The proof is
             | in the pudding, everyone wants to become a rent seeker, and
             | this is what society will look like if that is the case.
        
         | RiverCrochet wrote:
         | I had an interesting discussion with my nephew about this post.
         | He angers me with the way he talks about stuff, but I consider
         | it an exercise in mental fortitude. Allow me to share his
         | absolutely crazy and unreasonable thoughts on this:
         | 
         | "Nobody really wants more people except certain religious
         | sects, and that is only because it allows them to use sexuality
         | to control people. Most modern capitalists would favor
         | automation precisely because it takes unreliable people out of
         | the capitalistic equation and makes conversion of real property
         | to wealth and power easier. The only reason why we're hearing
         | about fertility and birth rate in the last few years is because
         | certain religious organizations are scared they're going to end
         | up losing their tax-free status and leveraging current social
         | crises to make sure they stay relevant by any means necessary.
         | I'm betting they have armies of incels ensnared in their
         | fundamentalist ideologies getting tax-free money to shitpost on
         | the various social networks."
         | 
         | I cut him off right there. I think he was drinking, and I
         | haven't talked to him since. I'm considering having him
         | committed because he acts very strange. He may have a drug
         | problem.
         | 
         | Anyway I disagree with his premise because COVID-19 did really
         | expose weaknesses in the supply chain and global world order
         | and showed that depending completely on foreign entities can
         | make you non-resilient in the face of disaster. So we do need
         | strong families and all that stuff that's being talked about,
         | it's a real actual need. And I do think making life better for
         | people is the way to go, but we need to fix whatever decided
         | that landlords should be getting most of the non-rich people's
         | money first.
        
           | ativzzz wrote:
           | He's not totally wrong, just replace "Religious
           | organizations" with "Governments" and "tax-free status" with
           | "solders and workers"
        
             | beepbooptheory wrote:
             | Yes, and the basic idea that while a "modern" capitalist
             | might want automation from a productivity point of view,
             | they still need some consumers at the other end to buy
             | their stuff!
        
             | stjo wrote:
             | Also old people. They need younger people to support them,
             | like grow their food, fix their houses, etc. But given that
             | I plan on growing old, as I hope you do too, we should make
             | sure the generations after us are capable of taking care of
             | us.
        
             | dfxm12 wrote:
             | Not exactly, because "governments" are expressly
             | capitalist. While you're right in that governments and
             | capitalists want this type of fodder, OP's nephew is wrong
             | in his assessment of modern capitalists.
             | 
             | As an aside, some religions do teach a duty to be fruitful
             | and multiply. While I don't think capital G "Government"
             | cares who does or doesn't procreate in their country, there
             | are large organized political groups that promote this for
             | strictly ethno-nationalist reasons.
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | How about we go further, and replace "Governments" with
             | "human civilization" and "tax-free status" with "continued
             | existence"?
        
               | 05 wrote:
               | Unbounded population growth is sufficient but not
               | necessary for continued existence of a civilization..
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | The problem goes the other way - developed nations, the
               | ones where you have people living comfortably enough to
               | talk stuff like RiverCrochet's nephew, _are all living
               | below replacement rate_. As things currently are, our
               | countries are already extinct, they just don 't know it
               | yet.
               | 
               | The irony. For the past 50+ years, we were so obsessed
               | with the threat of overpopulation that we didn't think of
               | the opposite; didn't even realize that people who care
               | about such things will all have bred themselves out of
               | existence _way_ before Earth gets too crowded.
        
               | naveen99 wrote:
               | There just may not be as much of a need for as many
               | humans in the future as robots are built instead.
               | 
               | So maybe instead of 8 billion humans, we will have 1
               | billion humans and 99 billion robots. Then the humans can
               | all be the 1%. Or maybe there won't be any humans, and
               | the robots can decide how many robots there should be.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | > _There just may not be as much of a need for as many
               | humans in the future as robots are built instead._
               | 
               | Maybe, but we may never get there if the population that
               | can build robots becomes too small to impact the
               | direction of the economy.
               | 
               | > _So maybe instead of 8 billion humans, we will have 1
               | billion humans and 99 billion robots_
               | 
               | It's fun until you ask yourself, how will you allocate
               | voting rights?
               | 
               | That is, again, if we can even get there, because again,
               | differences in birth rates across countries and cultures,
               | plus voting rights, means a shift in mindsets and
               | priorities.
        
           | pnut wrote:
           | You might should read up on postmodern philosophy before you
           | serve up your relative to the system, for deviating from your
           | "one true narrative of history".
           | 
           | So arrogant.
           | 
           | Someone should have you committed for your personal opinions,
           | which are also wrong, and see how you like it.
        
             | RiverCrochet wrote:
             | To be clear, I'm not saying he should be committed for his
             | opinions, but he does do some other very strange things and
             | I think he really does need help. Unfortunately the medical
             | bills would bankrupt him.
        
           | LAC-Tech wrote:
           | Your over-reaction sounds far more reminiscent of mental
           | illness or drug abuse than any of his actual opinions, which
           | are fairly pedestrian in 2024 (for the record I don't agree
           | with them).
           | 
           | No one is going to commit him over that grandpa, seriously.
        
           | theshackleford wrote:
           | > I'm considering having him committed because he acts very
           | strange.
           | 
           | By your own suggestion, I think they should start with you.
        
           | s5300 wrote:
           | >>I cut him off right there. I think he was drinking, and I
           | haven't talked to him since. I'm considering having him
           | committed because he acts very strange. He may have a drug
           | problem.
           | 
           | You sound like a terrible person for him to have in his life
           | & I hope he cuts you out of it.
        
         | orangecat wrote:
         | It's actually that life is too good for childless people,
         | especially when they're wealthier. Take a DINK couple with high
         | paying jobs, say an engineer and an attorney. Without kids they
         | can have a nice house or condo, regularly take great vacations,
         | and still be saving enough to have the option of retiring in
         | their 40s or 50s. But with kids, that mostly goes out the
         | window. The societal expectation is that you should spend
         | basically all your disposable time and income on your children,
         | which means expensive daycare, travel sports (gotta start
         | working on the college applications in grade school), and
         | private schools (or "good" "public" schools gated by living in
         | a super-expensive area). And even if you can avoid all that,
         | colleges are very good at figuring out how much money you have
         | and declaring that to be the tuition.
         | 
         | As a high-earning childless person myself, I'll freely
         | acknowledge that I should have been paying significantly higher
         | taxes in order to benefit my counterparts who did have kids.
         | Although it would be a challenge to do that redistribution in a
         | way that doesn't just get captured by daycare and college.
        
           | yieldcrv wrote:
           | It was actually just _last month_ that I saw one of these
           | falling birthrate articles actually acknowledge that many
           | people just don 't want kids, it was in the NY Times too
           | 
           | I'm glad we are finally getting representation on that
           | instead of all these social science studies contorting
           | themselves to come to a child-aspiring default that couples
           | are somehow failing to reach
           | 
           | https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/11/well/family/grandparent-g.
           | ..
        
           | cosmic_cheese wrote:
           | There's also some number of couples whose ideal is "no
           | compromises" -- that is, they hope to both provide the best
           | for their kids _and_ keep the nice house, vacations,
           | comfortable retirement, etc.
           | 
           | While this isn't strictly impossible, it's well beyond the
           | reach of most, and so I suspect that this group mostly ends
           | up never having kids.
        
           | dividefuel wrote:
           | I agree with this as the main factor (over cost) for the
           | falling birth rate. The opportunity cost of having children
           | has never been higher: you give up leisure, hobbies, rest,
           | social life, and income. Whether or not children is worth
           | this cost is a personal thing, but it seems kinda obvious
           | that as the cost increases, fewer will pay it.
        
             | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
             | > The opportunity cost of having children has never been
             | higher: you give up leisure, hobbies, rest, social life,
             | and income.
             | 
             | Those things are given up because parenting-time is up
             | 20-fold from a few generations ago.
             | 
             | From the 1960s back, kids needed parents a few hours a
             | week.
             | 
             | But we reduced kids' roaming area from _many sq mi_ to
             | _just their own property_. At the same time, we instituted
             | 24 /7 adulting. Most of those hours are filled by parents.
             | 
             | Kids have permanently lost daily hours of peer-driven
             | growth - the ones where complex social interactions
             | occurred naturally. Parents are now left with trying to
             | construct artificial environments (leagues, programs) where
             | maybe some of that can occur.
             | 
             | Those efforts eat time and resources. And they're a poor
             | substitute for the vital environments that kids once had
             | for free.
             | 
             | I spent 20x the time parenting that my mom did. For all of
             | that, my kids had little-to-none of my growth
             | opportunities.
        
               | anigbrowl wrote:
               | I think it's a mistake to project changes in US society
               | onto that in Japan. Kids there are still largely free
               | range.
        
               | askonomm wrote:
               | Yeah, also in Northern Europe. Here in Estonia kids as
               | young as 5 years old even go to kindergarten on their
               | own. They take a bus and are just fine. Seems to me the
               | helicopter parenting is mostly a thing in the U.S.
        
               | Cumpiler69 wrote:
               | Because in the US parents can get arrested if their
               | children go out alone. It's a failure on their laws.
               | 
               | And of their infrastructure where everyone wants to have
               | their own suburban kingdom with large back yard, swimming
               | pool, garage for two SUVs and workshop.
               | 
               | Americans don't like living in small apartments like
               | Europeans and Asians so this is what they get.
        
               | 15155 wrote:
               | I grew up in the US with parents that had a suburban
               | kingdom, large back yard, swimming pool, garage for three
               | SUVs, and workshop: I walked to, waited for, and rode the
               | bus to kindergarten.
               | 
               | "This is what they get" is false causation, these things
               | have been present for decades. Helicopter parenting,
               | liability for walking around alone, special snowflake
               | treatment are all newly-introduced ideas.
        
               | acuozzo wrote:
               | I let my kids roam free here in the US (Columbia, MD),
               | but the reality is that they don't want to because there
               | are no other kids outside to play with.
        
               | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
               | > I let my kids roam free here in the US (Columbia, MD),
               | but the reality is that they don't want to because there
               | are no other kids outside to play with.
               | 
               | I suspect there are no other kids outside because there
               | are few/no desirable places for kids to congregate -
               | places that are safe from moving cars, enforced property
               | laws and adults with poor judgment.
        
           | colechristensen wrote:
           | The parents I've seen seem to spend every waking second
           | doting on their children for at least a decade, which seems
           | strange to me. This hovering "what can I do to satisfy your
           | desires" literally just constantly (I've also seen people
           | doing this with their dogs). Maybe I'm missing something or
           | my sample size is skewed.
           | 
           | The people I've seen doing this are also just exhausted, as
           | they've said directly.
           | 
           | It comes down to... the rent is too damn high.
           | 
           | Young people without children willing to spend 1/3 to 1/2 of
           | their total income servicing mortgages or rent drives the
           | cost of living to ridiculous levels. People can't afford
           | child care either by having family live close to high earners
           | to help, or to hire child care. So it's unaffordable. There's
           | nowhere to live for families in high density places
           | (apartment buildings optimize for the highest rent tennants,
           | 1,2 BR single people)
           | 
           | Lots of people want children but can't engineer a life for
           | themselves to have them without moving somewhere really far
           | out and boring or being in the top 5% of earners, or living
           | in squalor despite high incomes.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | >The parents I've seen seem to spend every waking second
             | doting on their children for at least a decade, which seems
             | strange to me. This hovering "what can I do to satisfy your
             | desires" literally just constantly
             | 
             | While some of it may be overbearing parenting due to
             | wanting kids to compete or train for the future, there is
             | also the fact that kids cannot be left alone, and there is
             | no extended family supervision for them, and you are told
             | you cannot let your kids sit in front of a screen all day.
             | 
             | There's no neighborhood chain of kids ranging from high
             | school to toddler playing with each other, there is no
             | outside time without adult supervision, an adult who is
             | legally liable.
             | 
             | And of course, cars. The environment is optimized for cars,
             | not kids, so kids either sit inside alone or with 1 sibling
             | or they need to be supervised.
             | 
             | Not applicable to every single family, but many.
        
             | bobthepanda wrote:
             | It really cannot be understated how few homes we have built
             | since the Great Recession and the terrible impact that has
             | had on COL.
             | 
             | To give an idea of what it takes to solve a housing
             | shortfall, Sweden successfully embarked on a million-homes
             | program over a decade in the 70s when the population of
             | Sweden was 7 million.
             | 
             | NYC recently just celebrated the passage of a zoning reform
             | that allows at most 80,000 new homes, and the population is
             | 8.2 million.
        
               | orangecat wrote:
               | Yes. I 100% believe in the Housing Theory of Everything:
               | https://worksinprogress.co/issue/the-housing-theory-of-
               | every...
        
             | insane_dreamer wrote:
             | > The parents I've seen seem to spend every waking second
             | doting on their children for at least a decade, which seems
             | strange to me. This hovering "what can I do to satisfy your
             | desires" literally just constantly (I've also seen people
             | doing this with their dogs)
             | 
             | parenting doesn't have to be like this for the kids to be
             | happy; in fact, it's probably counter-productive in many
             | cases
             | 
             | I have also seen this and in many cases it's pressure for
             | the kids to succeed. Back in the 70s and early 80s you
             | literally just had to not fall off the wagon, and could get
             | a job and be okay. Wanted to go to Stanford, or become a
             | doctor? Sure it would take some work, but completely
             | doable. Want your kid to go to Stanford now if they like?
             | You have to put your kid through a horribly stressful
             | regime that starts in preschool, and even then it's going
             | to be a lottery. Granted you don't need to go to Stanford
             | to be happy but my point being that you want your kids to
             | have opportunities, and getting those opportunities is SO
             | FUCKING HARDER than it was for you as the parent when you
             | were young (and way way harder than your own parents). And
             | so you have to optimize for it, and the earlier you start,
             | the better your chances. It's crushing for the parents and
             | the kids. And the more successful the parents were, the
             | more pressure to give their kids the same opportunities
             | they had.
        
           | nemo44x wrote:
           | I enjoyed the DINK life for some time but eventually we
           | decided to start a family and my only regret in life is we
           | didn't start it sooner and have more kids. In the end all the
           | fancy restaurants, nights out, fancy vacations with first
           | class airfare, etc were nice in some ways but pretty vapid
           | and unimportant when looking back. I won't value those years
           | very much compared to the years with children in the house.
           | The energy kids bring into a home and the meaningfulness of
           | their existence is just incomparable in my experience.
           | 
           | But I get it, and the idea of kids was scary at one time, but
           | it turns out they're pretty easy all things considered. Lots
           | of talk of "sacrifice" between friends back then but as it
           | turns out you're trading something of little value for
           | something of immense value. But to each their own!
        
             | hanslovsky wrote:
             | I have the sentiment. would have loved to have kids
             | earlier, but I also was not in the position at an earlier
             | age, relationship wise. Growing up in Germany, having kids
             | in your 20s was almost frowned upon. what a terrible
             | societal development!
        
             | thinkingtoilet wrote:
             | Just to provide a counter point you don't hear. I have two
             | kids and very much wish I didn't. I love my kids. I
             | sacrifice for them. There are many moments of great joy.
             | However, I don't really have a life any more. I would
             | rather spend my time traveling, visiting friends, playing
             | music. I would rather have more money. I would rather be
             | healthier. I would rather have time for my hobbies. Being a
             | good parent is a lot and nearly all consuming. I feel like
             | a lot of people feel like I do but are too decent to say it
             | out loud.
        
               | insane_dreamer wrote:
               | that's sad (I don't mean that in a mean way)
               | 
               | yeah, there are times when I've felt like that, but
               | they're pretty fleeting
               | 
               | at what age did you start a family? I think one of the
               | reasons people should start a family a bit later (early
               | thirties maybe) is so that they have the opportunity to
               | experience/enjoy those things without kids (and not have
               | to wait until the kids are all grown up and then they're
               | in their 50s and it's just not the same as the stuff you
               | can do in your 20s).
        
               | thinkingtoilet wrote:
               | First and 35 and second at 37.
        
               | shikshake wrote:
               | I don't know if you're already aware of it, but there's a
               | subreddit called /r/regretfulparents that is basically a
               | public support group for people who feel similarly to
               | you. You might find some comfort there.
        
               | carlosjobim wrote:
               | You're just using your kids as an excuse for your own
               | short comings. People do done all those things you listed
               | while having more than two kids. Seriously, blaming your
               | health problems on your children?
        
             | imetatroll wrote:
             | I think that any loving, financial well couple would
             | discover the same, but all I hear from younger people is
             | excuses as to why kids are a burden. It drives me a bit
             | crazy.
        
               | Spivak wrote:
               | Well because to young people kids are a burden. I think
               | that's the easiest way to put it. You're not really
               | established in your careers, stability isn't something
               | you can manufacture for yourself yet, you don't have that
               | much disposable income all things considered, a lot of
               | folks' relationships haven't matured into something
               | stable enough to effectively parent, and you still have a
               | persistent drive to do stuff and build or grow your adult
               | friendships.
               | 
               | My friends who are parents are very much trapped at home,
               | it's actually great for me because if I'm bored I know
               | they're not doing anything are are starving for social
               | contact with another adult. It's hard for parents to not
               | inadvertently isolate themselves.
        
               | jmb99 wrote:
               | Some disincentives to have kids, if you grew up in the
               | 21st century:
               | 
               | - The cost (financial, time, stress/health) is incredibly
               | high. When cost of living as one person increases
               | somewhere between notably and substantially faster than
               | wages, it's hard to justify paying for another person
               | while likely also taking an income cut. You end up with
               | entire classes of people whose careers will struggle to
               | pay for their own life, let alone that of a kid. This is
               | playing out in real time - I personally know people who
               | commute 30-45 minutes by car to make $23/hour (in Canada,
               | in a moderately high CoL city - that's $16USD). When I
               | was in university, some of my classmates who worked at
               | the Starbucks near campus had coworkers (there were at
               | least two instances of this that I know of) in their 40s
               | with kids who commuted over an hour to make however much
               | money Starbucks managers make, and one had a second job
               | on weekends. It's not hard to look at that and think,
               | "how is that something you'd want to do to yourself?" -
               | The feeling (perceived or real) that the world is
               | becoming a worse place. 24 hour news and social media
               | don't help, with either the perception or the actual
               | situation. Why would I want to raise a kid who could be a
               | victim of one of the weekly school shootings? Or who's
               | going to be left dealing with an even harder life
               | financially/etc? Or who's going to resent older
               | generations for selfishly wasting the earth's resources?
               | 
               | It's generally quite easy when you work in tech with a
               | partner who works in tech to just assume that having kids
               | is an easy choice (I work with people who are like that,
               | who apparently only see the world through rose-tinted
               | glasses, and are shocked someone could even possibly not
               | want to pop out as many babies as possible). But when you
               | look at the level of struggle a significant portion of
               | the population endures, as they become generally more
               | educated and more capable of critical thinking over time,
               | it's pretty clear why large swaths of people will start
               | thinking "maybe we shouldn't have kids just for the sake
               | of having kids, especially if we don't actually want to."
               | 
               | That's ignoring of course the general overpopulation and
               | lack of sustainability of the western lifestyle (and the
               | associated impact of having a kid on climate change -
               | pretty much the single worst thing you could do, if you
               | can about that at all). People who are tuned in to those
               | sorts of issues are also more likely to not want kids,
               | either because they don't want to contribute to the
               | problem, or raise kids who will have to deal with the
               | fallout.
               | 
               | If you're driven crazy by people having a different
               | viewpoint from your own, you may want to consider
               | reflecting on why you are so deeply entrenched in your
               | beliefs. It is rarely productive.
        
           | lotsofpulp wrote:
           | Excellent comment. All the evidences suggests to me that
           | removing Social Security/Medicare and other wealth transfers
           | from young to old are actually the only thing that might
           | incentivize sufficient people to have sufficient kids to meet
           | replacement TFR AND raise the kids into the type of adults
           | you want.
           | 
           | The reasoning behind this is even with the best quality of
           | life, many women will have 2 children, but insufficient women
           | will have 3 or more children such that it offsets the number
           | of women who have 0 or 1 child.
           | 
           | Those with zero children really drag the average down, and if
           | it is because partnering with a certain portion of the
           | population is simply not worth it, then government efforts on
           | improving quality of life via work and benefit policies are
           | not going to bump TFR to replacement rate.
        
             | carlosjobim wrote:
             | Humanity has never seen such an extreme wealth transfer
             | from young to old as what is going on in the industrialized
             | world right now.
             | 
             | Pensions: Wealth transfer from young to old.
             | 
             | Taxes: Wealth transfer from young to old.
             | 
             | Socialized health care: Wealth transfer from young to old.
             | 
             | Rent: Wealth transfer from young to old.
             | 
             | Inflation: Wealth transfer from young to old (who owns the
             | real estate?)
             | 
             | Capitalism: Wealth transfer from young to old (who owns the
             | stocks?)
             | 
             | National debt: Wealth transfer from young to old.
             | 
             | It seems like all different systems at work in
             | industrialized nations has the single goal of extracting
             | all productivity from young workers and giving it to the
             | current generation of elderly. Even the ideologies who on
             | the face are against each other (socialism vs capitalism)
             | both work mainly to reap everything form the young to give
             | to the old.
        
           | hiAndrewQuinn wrote:
           | I'll gladly volunteer to be the first to say "Fuck those
           | societal expectations, that's insane."
           | 
           | You don't owe your children much more than food, love and a
           | roof over their head. Sure, you might _want_ to give them the
           | world, but don 't listen to anyone telling you that's the
           | _expectation_ - that 's a fast track to resentment.
        
             | a1exyz wrote:
             | I agree and think that this is a huge growing cultural
             | expectation - "you have to live for your children". I don't
             | think it used to be the case.
             | 
             | Well OK sure I get that that would be good for kids but
             | you're also gonna limit the number of parents if that's the
             | new normal.
        
               | hiAndrewQuinn wrote:
               | It might be mildly good for kids on net, I actually don't
               | really have a lot of confidence around that claim - kids
               | are quite good at keeping themselves entertained. I have
               | high confidence around the claim that it is moderately
               | bad for parents, and so my sympathies lie quite strongly
               | with reducing the workload on them.
        
               | orangecat wrote:
               | _Well OK sure I get that that would be good for kids_
               | 
               | And past a certain point it's not.
        
               | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
               | >> Well OK sure I get that that would be good for kids
               | 
               | > And past a certain point it's not.
               | 
               | Where do you estimate that point is? What harm do you
               | believe lies past it?
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | Parent of small kids here. Tricky to estimate, because
               | the desire to not have your kids be _worse off_ because
               | you didn 't do enough, and the desire for them to have it
               | better than you, are strong and not really bounded.
               | 
               |  _However_ , the idea of parents giving 100% of
               | themselves to the children is also an unsustainable one,
               | and fundamentally horrifying one - if everyone things
               | this way, generation by generation, then this robs
               | existence from any meaning. It's admitting that all the
               | good and nice things in the world, all that separates us
               | from other animals, are all accidents, all made by people
               | who _weren 't good enough at giving their children their
               | best_, and instead wasted their time on stuff like arts
               | and sciences.
               | 
               | So I think there must be a point somewhere. And perhaps a
               | hint of that is the observation that _kids are better off
               | with happy parents than with unhappy ones_.
        
               | Vegenoid wrote:
               | I actually think it is good for kids to have exposure to:
               | 
               | - entertaining themselves
               | 
               | - working/providing for themselves
               | 
               | - having to do things that they don't want to do
               | 
               | - being told no, and dealing with unfulfilled desire
               | 
               | All with balance, I am not proposing that kids are just
               | left to fend for themselves. Caring for your kids
               | materially and emotionally is important, but so is living
               | your own life and making them live theirs.
               | 
               | I may be having kids in the not too distant future, and
               | when I think about how I would parent, I consider 2
               | families I know who I have seen raise children.
               | 
               | In one, the kids are often denied requests they make for
               | objects they want to own and activities they want to do.
               | The parents drag their kids along to things that they
               | (the parents) want to do, rather than not doing the thing
               | because the kids don't want to. At family gatherings,
               | their parents expect that they will take care of and
               | entertain themselves, while the parents enjoy time with
               | the other adults.
               | 
               | In the other family, the kids are showered with toys and
               | attention, and their mom goes to great effort to open any
               | door for them that they express interest in. At family
               | gatherings, the parents are always checking on their
               | kids, and indulge every request the kids make of them.
               | 
               | Which family has happier, more capable, and well-adjusted
               | children? Which family has happier parents? The answer to
               | both is the first family.
        
               | closeparen wrote:
               | The high-effort parents I know aren't overly concerned
               | with that their kids _want_ , but they constantly
               | sacrifice their own time and sanity for what they deem to
               | be in the child's best interests.
               | 
               | Kids love screens, parents love getting to do their own
               | thing while the child is quietly occupied, but a certain
               | type of parent feels the need to go to war over the
               | screen time limit rather than enjoy their dinner. Neither
               | father nor son is having a good time at soccer practice,
               | but a kid's got to have a sport. And so on.
               | 
               | We're calling for something bolder here than merely the
               | will to override a child's wishes. Parents need a
               | permission structure to prioritize their _own_ desires,
               | not just the ones they have on behalf of the children.
               | 
               | There was a good Ezra Klein episode about this [0].
               | 
               | [0] https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/22/opinion/ezra-
               | klein-podcas...
        
             | halgir wrote:
             | On the contrary, from a moral standpoint you owe your
             | children everything. You forced them into existence without
             | their consent.
             | 
             | Though I agree that doesn't have to mean conforming to
             | societal expectations of ivy league schools and so forth.
             | Food, love and a roof over your head goes a long way.
        
               | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
               | > from a moral standpoint you owe your children
               | everything. You forced them into existence without their
               | consent.
               | 
               | I offer that the above is the _first truth of parenting_.
               | 
               | After I understood it, organizing my priorities became
               | far simpler.
               | 
               | Parenting is service.
        
               | hiAndrewQuinn wrote:
               | Disagree philosophically, there was no "them" to consent
               | prior to them existing, so no one was forced. I think
               | this is gesturing at Benatar's antinatalist argument but
               | as you'll recall it rests on a metaphysical asymmetry
               | here I have just never found convincing. Appreciate you
               | keeping the pushback civil, however.
        
               | mckn1ght wrote:
               | True, no one is asked whether or not they would like to
               | be born and then forced into it after disagreeing, but
               | once they are brought into existence they will experience
               | suffering in life, does anyone ever desire such suffering
               | for themselves?
               | 
               | Seems to me that parents should want to minimize that
               | suffering, even if I also disagree with "owing them
               | everything" as parents should also help them to grow into
               | self-sufficient beings. It's a tough balance to strike
               | and I won't pretend to be an expert on it, I'm only just
               | getting started myself.
        
               | hiAndrewQuinn wrote:
               | Ceteris paribus everyone wants to minimize the suffering
               | of another. All the more when it's your own child. That's
               | very different from having a _moral obligation_ towards
               | them to minimize their suffering, which is the thrust of
               | my original post.
               | 
               | The thing is the vast majority of people find living to
               | be on the whole a source of great joy, far greater than
               | any suffering they may experience as a byproduct of it.
               | The handful who don't do have the option, grim as it may
               | be to consider, of returning to nonexistence. The fact
               | that this option isn't taken by even 1% of people
               | suggests strongly that nonexistence just isn't that
               | compelling an alternative.
        
               | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
               | > Disagree philosophically, there was no "them" to
               | consent prior to them existing, so no one was forced.
               | 
               | The point is that the obligation flows one way because
               | one party was inserted into it without their consent.
               | 
               | Does their lack of preexistence impact that equation in a
               | meaningful way?
        
               | hiAndrewQuinn wrote:
               | >Does their lack of preexistence impact that equation in
               | a meaningful way?
               | 
               | Yes. Obviously.
        
               | Ray20 wrote:
               | > The point is that the obligation flows one way because
               | one party was inserted into it without their consent.
               | 
               | Well, philosophically it's not a big problem, because
               | dissatisfied can very easily stop participating.
        
               | vlovich123 wrote:
               | It's interesting to compare this perspective with
               | religious teachings which tend to say that kids owe
               | everything to their parents ("honor") and that parents
               | responsibility is to train their kids with good moral
               | character (on top of food, love & shelter).
               | 
               | As a parent you want to give them everything but you then
               | have to balance that against realities & other
               | priorities. That's part of the training of a good moral
               | character: learning to manage life's limitations & your
               | response to those limitations.
        
               | layer8 wrote:
               | If every generation is expected to sacrifice themselves
               | for the next, it kind of begs the question of what is the
               | point of it all. Having some reciprocal balance makes
               | more sense to me.
               | 
               | One can also turn around your moral argument: Your
               | children owe you everything, since they wouldn't exist at
               | all without you.
        
               | imetatroll wrote:
               | I cannot put my finger on why I dislike this comment so
               | deeply but I am a parent and I suspect you are not.
               | 
               | To be specific I dislike your framing and use of the word
               | "forced". I do agree though that parents should deeply
               | love and support their kids which is what it sounds like
               | you are trying to say. And in turn, your kids should do
               | the same despite "generational differences".
        
               | p_j_w wrote:
               | >To be specific I dislike your framing and use of the
               | word "forced".
               | 
               | Why?
        
               | trillic wrote:
               | Because it directly contradicts their world view where
               | child-rearing and the success of said child's genetics is
               | the highest purpose one can pursue.
        
               | halgir wrote:
               | > I cannot put my finger on why I dislike this comment so
               | deeply but I am a parent and I suspect you are not.
               | 
               | I am also a parent.
               | 
               | > I do agree though that parents should deeply love and
               | support their kids which is what it sounds like you are
               | trying to say.
               | 
               | Loving your kids is not a moral obligation, though most
               | do (for the record, I love mine very much). Supporting
               | your kids is a moral obligation, whether you love them or
               | not, incurred by creating them.
               | 
               | > And in turn, your kids should do the same despite
               | "generational differences".
               | 
               | I disagree. Our kids will never be morally obligated
               | towards us in any way. We can only hope to have loved and
               | supported them enough for them to love and support us
               | back of their own volition.
        
               | vacuity wrote:
               | > I disagree. Our kids will never be morally obligated
               | towards us in any way. We can only hope to have loved and
               | supported them enough for them to love and support us
               | back of their own volition.
               | 
               | I agree with this. Kids can't willingly bring themselves
               | into the world (although "forced" is an exaggeration),
               | and the burden is on their parents. A kid, until a
               | certain point, is a person with certain needs and
               | restrictions that call for external supervision (e.g.
               | needing shelter, not voting). I consider a person in
               | general to not have inherent obligations beyond not
               | killing and whatnot. Sure, I can ditch my friend in a
               | socially awkward moment and that would make me a huge
               | jerk, but surely it doesn't rise to the same level as
               | hitting someone.
               | 
               | > Loving your kids is not a moral obligation, though most
               | do (for the record, I love mine very much). Supporting
               | your kids is a moral obligation, whether you love them or
               | not, incurred by creating them.
               | 
               | I don't quite know what you mean by "loving" versus
               | "supporting". To me, supporting sounds like loving, with
               | the caveat that I think emotional care ties into
               | supporting a kid. Do you mean extra things like buying
               | more presents on holidays?
        
               | halgir wrote:
               | > (although "forced" is an exaggeration)
               | 
               | Maybe. "Forced" implies "against their will", and prior
               | to existing they of course had no will to oppose. It
               | seems like you know what I mean though, and I'll try to
               | think of less harsh verbiage for my point.
               | 
               | > I don't quite know what you mean by "loving" versus
               | "supporting". To me, supporting sounds like loving, with
               | the caveat that I think emotional care ties into
               | supporting a kid. Do you mean extra things like buying
               | more presents on holidays?
               | 
               | I may have been overly pedantic in separating them. By
               | "love" I mean the actual emotion, which can never be
               | forced or obligated. By "support" I mean everything we do
               | for our kids. And part of supporting our kids is making
               | sure they never doubt that we love them, which perhaps
               | renders the difference moot.
        
             | jefbyokyie wrote:
             | > You don't owe [...] you might want to
             | 
             | What's the difference? If you don't boost them with all
             | your might, you effectively condemn them to a life of
             | struggle and misery, in today's world. Knowing this, it's
             | gonna be _you_ forcing yourself to give them your all, not
             | society 's expectations.
        
               | hiAndrewQuinn wrote:
               | >If you don't boost them with all your night, ... Life of
               | struggle and misery, in today's world.
               | 
               | That's not my experience of the world at all. Quite the
               | opposite, in fact: I had a pretty good time when I was
               | coasting by on minimum effort, and I'm having an even
               | better time now that I'm putting in some mild amount of
               | effort.
               | 
               | I have no reason to suspect this will change in the next
               | generation. If anything the falling costs of goods and
               | services everywhere suggests they'll get an even easier
               | ticket.
        
             | insane_dreamer wrote:
             | > You don't owe your children much more than food, love and
             | a roof over their head.
             | 
             | except that "love" part is a huge bucket that includes
             | pretty much everything that we do for our kids (which is a
             | heck of a lot more than food and shelter)
             | 
             | > expectation
             | 
             | it's not social expectation that drive what we sacrifice
             | for our children; it's our love for our children that does,
             | at least the parents I know (including myself)
        
             | konart wrote:
             | >You don't owe your children much more than food, love and
             | a roof over their head
             | 
             | That's a rather simplistic view where your kids don't get
             | ill and are born healthy.
             | 
             | Not to mention many other complications.
        
           | wkat4242 wrote:
           | Don't feel bad. It's good for the planet and society to
           | reduce the population somewhat. It can't keep growing
           | forever. All the major problems we have are a result of it.
           | Climate change, housing shortage, resource conflicts etc.
           | 
           | The demographic problems during a decline are only temporary.
           | 
           | If the world had only 1 billion people it would be a lot
           | easier. The whole idea that humanity would go extinct is
           | ridiculous. And humanity is still growing anyway due to the
           | many countries that don't have falling birth rates.
           | 
           | There's always people wanting to have kids. This is just
           | society adjusting itself to the current overpopulation.
        
           | imetatroll wrote:
           | I entirely agree. And when you lather on the tidal wave of
           | endless "entertainment" and options available to most people
           | they end up framing everything in their minds as "having fun"
           | vs "having kids". I also know many women who say they don't
           | want to "do that to their bodies" so ... where is this all
           | going.
           | 
           | And honestly I agree with the "if you are single you should
           | pay more taxes" as a motivator to either get you to have your
           | own kids or to simply ease the burden of those who are
           | actually making humanity move forward but as a parent I am a
           | bit biased here. It should be a significant amount.
        
             | talldayo wrote:
             | There are already taxes subsidies for couples and children
             | - that's plenty enough incentive for wealthy families that
             | can support kids. Families that cannot afford to feed or
             | house children should in no way be penalized for refusing
             | to start a family in their present situation.
        
               | missedthecue wrote:
               | The reality is the public pensions and healthcare implode
               | without much higher taxes or much higher birth rates.
               | Like the Italian president told his people a few years,
               | if we want things to stay the same, things are going to
               | have to change.
        
               | talldayo wrote:
               | Things aren't going to change. America just let private
               | wealth run rampant over everything that matters and now
               | wants to usher in an administration that (supposedly)
               | wouldn't touch your civil liberties with a 50 foot pole.
               | Trump says he won't even commit to banning abortion
               | (sounds about right for a guy that's probably paid for
               | dozens of 'em).
               | 
               | So... how are things going to "have to change" if you
               | can't threaten childless couples and you can't
               | redistribute the wealth to people that _do_ want kids?
               | Continually fearmonger mandatory birthing policies
               | without actually implementing them just to get a rise out
               | of your citizens? It 's nonsense, and if America is given
               | a choice between "fucking over wealthy people" and
               | "having tons of kids to staff McDonalds at minimum wage"
               | I can tell you offhand which one 99% of citizens will
               | pick. We're already halfway there given how far China has
               | surpassed the US in places - today's Americans hate
               | capitalism so much they're content watching their country
               | suffer until businesses get the message.
        
               | Ray20 wrote:
               | The reality are that half of the planet already pays more
               | then 50 percent in taxes, and with much higher taxation
               | the whole country will implodes.
               | 
               | More then this - public pensions are one of the main
               | reasons for low birth rate. You can't have both, if
               | children's role as social insurance passes to public
               | pensions - children became useless.
        
           | bamboozled wrote:
           | Many young people I know see nothing being done about climate
           | change and make their choice right there. These are also
           | smart, educated well-off types. The level of suffering we can
           | expect isn't something they want to introduce children into.
           | 
           | I find it surprising this is somehow difficult for
           | governments to grok.
        
             | Gareth321 wrote:
             | I doubt it will make a difference but climate change isn't
             | expected to cause great suffering. Compared to great filter
             | events, climate change doesn't even register. Estimates are
             | of a rise of [2-4 degrees centigrade by 2100.](https://dnr.
             | wisconsin.gov/climatechange/science#:~:text=Glob....) This
             | will likely result in an [ _increase_ ](https://iopscience.
             | iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/6/1/014....) of arable
             | land. [Global mean sea-level rise is expected to be between
             | 0.30 and 0.65 m by
             | 2100,](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41612-020-0121-5)
             | which might affect some Dutch towns during storms but is
             | negligible. [As the number of storms are estimated to
             | decrease, the threat vector is slightly increasing storm
             | intensity.](https://climate.nasa.gov/news/3184/a-force-of-
             | nature-hurrica....) Humans can handle storms. We can
             | rebuild homes, change where we settle and live, build with
             | better materials and practises, and improve storm
             | infrastructure and protections. In fact, as the temperature
             | rises slightly, fewer people will die due to temperature
             | extremes. This is because at present, many more people die
             | due to exposure to low temperatures than high temperatures.
             | 
             | We really have done a great disservice to a generation
             | which believes the planet will be dead in a few decades.
        
               | throwanapple wrote:
               | Heat disproportionately kills young people:
               | 
               | https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/dec/06/young-
               | adults...
        
           | aoanevdus wrote:
           | The government does already give significant subsidies to
           | parents. Direct tax credits and public schooling (aka free
           | childcare) are two big ones. I'm not arguing that parents
           | come out ahead economically or that the subsidies are bad
           | (many argue they should be higher). Just pointing it out, if
           | it helps with the guilt about your taxes.
           | 
           | If we want to get all utilitarian about it, these things
           | might be the most important:
           | 
           | 1) Identifying the kids with the highest potential to
           | contribute the most to society, and giving whatever support
           | it takes.
           | 
           | 2) Identifying which kids and parents are the most needy, who
           | will benefit the most from support that enables them to have
           | a good life. It's probably not the average family in a
           | developed country.
           | 
           | If there's someone who wants to raise my taxes to pay for
           | that stuff, I'll vote for them.
        
           | rtpg wrote:
           | If you survey couples people say it's the money. There's no
           | need to invent a whole narrative. People just say it's money
           | (and stuff downstream of money like not being able to afford
           | bigger housing to have a second kid rather than just one)
        
           | beebmam wrote:
           | > It's actually that life is too good for childless people
           | 
           | I'm not going to idly sit by and let people who have children
           | take my hard earned money from me. If you think increasing
           | taxes on those without children won't cause a massive
           | retaliation by the men who are not able to find female mates
           | to have children with, you are in for a massive surprise.
        
           | Tade0 wrote:
           | What you're saying is true, but I believe there are other
           | factors at play as well.
           | 
           | A significant part of the decrease in fertility rates comes
           | from the sharp decline in teen pregnancy (counted as live
           | births) over the past 30 years.
        
         | insane_dreamer wrote:
         | > first time I've seen anyone float the idea that making life
         | better for people might make them a bit more inclined to make
         | more people
         | 
         | Financial incentives for giving birth have been around in some
         | countries for decades. In France it's called "prime a la
         | naissance". This is on top of delivery being almost free.
        
         | refurb wrote:
         | I'm skeptical that falling birth rates have much to do with the
         | demands of a dual working household.
         | 
         | Look at Europe which has significant maternity and paternity
         | leave, subsidized daycare and free college. Lots and lots of
         | support for young parents.
         | 
         | Yet birth rates haven't really budged.
         | 
         | I think it has more to do with the _expectation_ of how much
         | effort to raise a kid has drastically increased.
         | 
         | 75 years ago, you'd pump out 5 kids and they'd be independent
         | quite young. By 4-5 years old it was "go find something to do".
         | As long as the kid wasn't failing school, grades didn't matter.
         | If the kid was involved in school sports, they made their own
         | way to events. Parents didn't attend regularly. By the time
         | they were 7-8, they could help with the younger kids.
         | 
         | By the time your kids was a 8-10, it was pretty much "keep em
         | fed and out of trouble".
         | 
         | Today, _expectations_ are way, way higher. Parents worry about
         | what elementary school their kids get into. After school
         | academic and sports activities start super young. Parents want
         | to attend the big events. Then high school and it time to
         | grind. Tutors, SAT prep, college tours, etc, etc. Minimal
         | chores because that would interfere with school and sports.
         | 
         | One kid today is equal to the effort of 3-4 kids 75 years ago.
        
       | lordleft wrote:
       | I think this is an overall good move, and very much support it,
       | but many countries with better work-life balance and robust
       | support for new parents still see declining birth rates....I
       | can't help but think that a decline in fertility rates is as much
       | about values -- what the point of life itself is, and how much it
       | should be bound up in what we call the family -- as it is about
       | the material conditions surrounding the act of child-rearing.
        
         | pinkmuffinere wrote:
         | I don't necessarily disagree with you that values are more
         | impactful, but personally I think it's very difficult/nearly
         | impossible to intentionally steer a culture's values. Do you
         | think there is anything procedural/structural that could be
         | impactful for declining birth rates?
        
         | makeitdouble wrote:
         | We'd totally be OK with "mistakenly" improving work/like
         | balance and then earnestly try to find other solutions to the
         | birth rate problem.
         | 
         | Otherwise I don't think there's a single unique solution. No
         | having a miserable life is probably a good firth step that
         | enables more advanced and varied measures.
        
       | Nickersf wrote:
       | I don't think it will boost the fertility rate in any significant
       | way. I think the only way to really make a dent in low fertility
       | rates is to incentivize mothers to stay at home and men to work
       | full-time at least for the first five years of a child's life. I
       | know people disagree with this, but it's worth considering if the
       | declining birth rates are a major concern for the State.
        
         | pamelafox wrote:
         | I'm curious if you have tried taking care of a young child
         | 24/7, it is exhausting work. Some mothers are able to do it,
         | but I find it really helps to be able to alternate between
         | childcare and work, to give me a break.
         | 
         | I do think that remote work is great for mothers though, as it
         | makes pumping/nursing more doable, whether we are working or
         | not.
         | 
         | Perhaps the government can provide more subsidies for quality
         | childcare.
        
           | helsinki wrote:
           | Just get divorced and only spend a few days per week with
           | your kid. Honestly, it's pretty good.
        
         | standardUser wrote:
         | A better policy would be to incentivize _any_ parent to stay
         | home for the first few years. Restricting it to mothers would
         | only reduce the appeal of the policy and result in fewer
         | takers, so why default to a more restrictive approach?
        
       | wwwlouishinofun wrote:
       | The pleasure of sexual activity is not strongly linked to
       | pregnancy. This kind of human intervention was unexpected in the
       | evolution of nature.
        
       | Aeolun wrote:
       | As much as I enjoy the concept, it's already nearly impossible to
       | get any goverment work done in Japan without taking a day off
       | yourself. Everything government is open 9 to 5 and no more.
       | 
       | It'd be more exciting if this was basically anywhere else, but I
       | guess we have to start somewhere.
        
         | barbazoo wrote:
         | Hopefully the workers don't all take off the same day and the
         | company backfills the hours with new 4 days/week workers.
        
       | jmward01 wrote:
       | This focuses on fertility, but the bigger deal here is it creates
       | jobs. Because when you reduce the availability of labor you
       | create more jobs and spur the economy. Not only will more people
       | have jobs, but they will have more time to spend money. So this
       | is potentially a win for the local economy.
        
         | pinkmuffinere wrote:
         | If they're just reshuffling the existing work to a larger pool
         | of people, do you really improve the economy? If anything I'd
         | expect efficiency to decrease?
        
         | orangecat wrote:
         | This is a variant of the broken window fallacy. Paying more in
         | labor for the same amount of output is not good for the
         | economy.
        
           | jmward01 wrote:
           | This isn't destroying anything so I'm not sure why you say
           | this has anything to do with the broken window fallacy or why
           | this could be bad for the economy.
           | 
           | Since there is confusion here, I'll pose this as a different
           | thought experiment to make my points more clear: If it isn't
           | good for the economy to reduce the average hours per worker
           | then does that mean it is good for the economy to increase
           | them? If we reduce the free-time of people then they will
           | have even less time to spend their money and consume goods.
           | Arguably they would also have less incentive to care about
           | free-time activities that they can only, at best, sample.
           | 
           | The basic question I am raising is why is 5 days of 8 hours
           | magically the right number. I'd argue that the more free time
           | people have the more chance to consume they have. We balance
           | that with the need to produce though. So an optimum point is
           | actually driven by efficiency. The more efficient we are the
           | more we should be diverting to free-time in order to drive
           | more demand for the the. efficient goods we are producing. In
           | a world where we are infinitely efficient then 100% of time
           | should be spent in free-time in order to consume the most
           | goods produced by that infinite efficiency. We aren't there
           | yet so we still need to balance production against free-time
           | but we are more efficient than we were 20 years ago so we
           | should be finding ways to give back free-time to drive up
           | demand.
        
         | eastbound wrote:
         | Breaking windows also creates jobs.
         | 
         | (It's a fallacy, but I'm too lazy to face the criticism if I
         | explain it in full. In summary, please inform yourself on why
         | both breaking windows and working less don't create jobs).
        
       | jonny_eh wrote:
       | Is this the largest test/rollout of a 4 day work week ever?
        
       | mclau156 wrote:
       | The idea of working 5 days a week began when an extra day of
       | working meant you could manufacture an extra 100 cars, workload
       | in the Tokyo government is not going to suffer much output at all
       | if any by going to working 4 days a week
        
       | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
       | So... five days?
       | 
       | Maybe government work is different from private industry work,
       | but the folks at my company worked six days a week, with Saturday
       | being a "half day" (only 8 hours). However, Saturday wasn't an
       | "official" office day, so casual attire was allowed, and the A/C
       | was often turned off.
       | 
       | I hated going in on Saturdays.
        
       | dfxm12 wrote:
       | Shorter hours for less pay feels like a trap for salaried
       | workers, unless your duties are also _very formally_ lessened. I
       | know people who have been granted similar schedules, but their
       | managers simply expected them to get the same amount of work
       | done, but in less time, for less pay.
        
         | agnishom wrote:
         | I agree. If I made 20% less money and worked 20% less at my
         | main job, I would still need to make up for that 20% of my
         | income. That could be a difficult position to be in.
        
       | agnishom wrote:
       | Surprisingly progressive policy.
       | 
       | I know this is mostly tangential, but I think that this should be
       | the way humanity should benefit from technology. Better
       | technology shouldn't just exist to make capitalists richer, but
       | it should exist to make everyone richer. One of the most
       | important ways you can be richer is to have more time.
        
       | icandoit wrote:
       | for parents only?
        
       | camgunz wrote:
       | Guys if this is happening in Tokyo of all places, no one else has
       | any excuse.
        
       | zombiwoof wrote:
       | Elon Musk is pissed
        
       | dukeofdoom wrote:
       | Ai should run government
        
       | joemazerino wrote:
       | Government employees need to work more, not less.
        
       | makeitdouble wrote:
       | For context, while Japan has a reputation of a shitty place for
       | work culture, a lot has changed.
       | 
       | Not everything, but many more companies will allow for flexible
       | hours for instance, full remote has stayed in many places, and
       | more traditional place usually allow one or two days or remoting
       | every week.
       | 
       | There is a communal sense that growth is basically gone and
       | better conditions are negotiable. Newer companies have been
       | offering better conditions and older companies are having to
       | compete and follow up to some point.
       | 
       | This initiative is following that trend. Schools are facing the
       | same "adapt or get shunned" situation where just nobody wants to
       | be a teacher and family/friends will actively try to stop someone
       | from going there.
       | 
       | So things are changing.
        
         | gretch wrote:
         | Why is it bad to be a teacher in Japan?
        
       | AdrianB1 wrote:
       | Governments destroyed the notion of family. Now they want kids.
       | Nobody sees the contradiction?
        
         | warkdarrior wrote:
         | How did the Japanese government destroy the notion of family?
        
       | insane_dreamer wrote:
       | OK, but are they going to take that time off?
       | 
       | I mean technically they have 5 day work weeks now, but Japanese
       | "salarymen" are notorious for working 80 hours weeks. (Though
       | maybe this isn't the case for government workers)
       | 
       | Just getting people down to working 40 hours / week would be a
       | huge improvement in QOL.
        
       | urthor wrote:
       | How does this even work in Japan after this change.
       | 
       | There's so many stories of corporate overwork.
       | 
       | Does the entire country just desperately want to work for the
       | government?
        
         | DriverDaily wrote:
         | I guess only Nixon could go to China?
         | 
         | When the US government adopts an employment policy private
         | companies usually follow. Either because they do business with
         | the government and have to comply, or it affects so many people
         | there's a shift in norms.
        
       | exabrial wrote:
       | In the USA, make it zero days. Same amount of work would get done
       | by the government, and people would realize what a waste it is.
        
       | lazylizard wrote:
       | raising a kid to 18 costs how much?
       | 
       | stopping a career and foregoing 18 years of promotions cost how
       | much?
       | 
       | governments are just mucking about with the garnishings and
       | ignoring the meat of the matter.
       | 
       | but then maybe they cant afford it, either. hah.
        
       | option wrote:
       | Sounds like Tokyo has too many government employees.
        
       | mhb wrote:
       | Wow. So three or four more days than US federal workers!
        
       | ein0p wrote:
       | Meh. Per some recent reports a significant fraction of government
       | employees in the US already enjoys zero day work weeks, fully
       | paid, and has enjoyed them for years.
        
       | feverzsj wrote:
       | For government employees only. That's why Japanese call these
       | people tax thieves.
        
       | switch007 wrote:
       | We're firmly in the "4 days but no change to pay" honeymoon
       | phase.
       | 
       | Do people really think new 4 day roles, if it becomes the norm,
       | will be budgeted same as 5 days? No chance. Have you ever met the
       | upper class types who run the majority of companies...
       | 
       | This is partial redundancy for everyone whitewashed as caring for
       | your employees. It's just not apparent yet
       | 
       | And compressed hours? Employees and employers just lying to
       | themselves as it enables what both sides want
        
       | qwerty456127 wrote:
       | To me it seems (I'm not very serious, it just seems) the only
       | real reason against 4-day workweeks everywhere are alcoholics. I
       | knew too many people who woold spend whatever free time they get
       | drinking booze, this way harming the society. We probably need a
       | study on how numerous these are, also compared to those who would
       | use extra spare time for any sort of good (including pure
       | resting, education, friends/family etc).
        
         | xandrius wrote:
         | Ridiculous, should we avoid vacations altogether as someone
         | might end up drinking too much? Is that the way we decide how
         | to set our society?
         | 
         | Alcoholism is a different problem from workaholism.
        
       | Borg3 wrote:
       | Im not really understand that preasure for this. Imo its much
       | more sane to reduce working day from 8 hours to 6 hours.. You
       | then use 12 hrs day shifts and use 2x6 or either 4x6 only for
       | critical stuff like medical, some specialized industries, etc..
       | Mon-Fri and weekend free sound just about good fit. Remember that
       | you can always take a day off as well.
       | 
       | Is scary that big cities never sleeps. People moan about
       | depression, about lack of good sleep, wellbeing. Well, you
       | created shitty environment for yourself...
        
       | nsonha wrote:
       | so public services will be even less accessible to the rest of
       | the people?
        
       | neycoda wrote:
       | I mean, let's get rid of hourly wage. Make things fair for
       | everyone. Value-based pricing.
        
       | djha-skin wrote:
       | UBI in the 2010s, 4 10s in the late 2000s. These things never
       | stick. 5 8s is a great compromise between employers and
       | employees. Every time someone tries something different they
       | decide they don't like it, either the employer or the employee.
       | 
       | My employer hired me for 4 tens. I felt like a zombie during the
       | week. I'd much rather have a few extra hours every day than a
       | Friday to myself, especially since I need to go into the office
       | on Friday's occasional anyways. I moved back to 5 8s.
        
         | CapeTheory wrote:
         | The problem is that so many people being paid for 5x8 are
         | actually working 5x9 or 5x10.
         | 
         | At least for myself, I was raised with the notion that working
         | harder would be recognised and eventually rewarded. That has
         | not turned out to be the case, so I am seeking a rebalance.
        
         | tokioyoyo wrote:
         | The argument against is, 5 day work week only started ~100
         | years ago. Growing up, I thought, as humanity we would automate
         | as much as we can, and lower the work week as well. Didn't
         | think people will consider that as "failure or laziness".
         | 
         | The problem is, you can't let the competitive market to make it
         | happen, as your competition will eat you. The best thing you
         | get is talent retention. But not the shareholder value or the
         | products that you might be manufacturing.
        
         | vips7L wrote:
         | To me it just sounds like you're working too hard. I'd much
         | rather have 4 10s because I'm not working the full day any way.
        
       | uhtred wrote:
       | meanwhile in america: "you're taking time off work for a 1 week
       | vacation this year? what are you, a commie?"
        
       | nobodywillobsrv wrote:
       | Hope. Global diversity is collapsing in all the wrong ways.
       | Hopefully they can repopulate their haplogroups and grow
       | representation.
       | 
       | Next we need to tackle over growth in other countries.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-12-07 23:01 UTC)