[HN Gopher] Chocolate intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: prospe...
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       Chocolate intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: prospective cohort
       studies
        
       Author : gnabgib
       Score  : 57 points
       Date   : 2024-12-05 19:22 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bmj.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bmj.com)
        
       | m348e912 wrote:
       | Key Takeaway:
       | 
       | Participants consuming >=5 servings of dark chocolate per week
       | had a significantly lower risk of T2D (21% lower) compared to
       | those who consumed little or none.
        
         | julianeon wrote:
         | This is useful because, at a glance, most people would probably
         | assume chocolate is a candy and candy is bad and the study just
         | added another drop to that bucket of evidence.
        
           | robertlagrant wrote:
           | Milk chocolate is very different. Don't take the wrong lesson
           | from this.
        
             | teractiveodular wrote:
             | The study says milk chocolate also reduces your risk by
             | 10%.
        
               | murkle wrote:
               | Where do you see that? I see "No significant associations
               | were found for milk chocolate intake" and "Intake of
               | milk, but not dark, chocolate was positively associated
               | with weight gain."
        
         | markus_zhang wrote:
         | I always wonder how much is one serving? 1 ounce? Why can't
         | they just say 1 ounce or xx grams? Same goes to "cup", guess
         | it's an American thing.
        
           | scrozier wrote:
           | You're right about the "serving" thing. But in the US, at
           | least, a cup in a culinary context means precisely eight
           | ounces.
        
             | devonbleak wrote:
             | Eight ounces by weight or by volume? /s
        
             | daemonologist wrote:
             | Now we're tempted to go down the ounce rabbit hole (the US
             | fluid ounce is based on the medieval British system, which
             | is based on the density of wine, probably).
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid_ounce
        
           | magicalhippo wrote:
           | Brian Regan had a good one on that[1].
           | 
           | [1]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LBko_3wT44Q
        
       | JoshTko wrote:
       | Investigator initiated grants from Mars Edge i.e. the Chocolate
       | candy company. Mars edge a health focused dept which has like a
       | cocoa based health supplement.
        
         | Pigalowda wrote:
         | Good catch! This is too much conflict for me to take seriously.
         | Like the beverage and tobacco industry studies.
         | 
         | Competing interests: All authors have completed the ICMJE
         | uniform disclosure form at https://www.icmje.org/disclosure-of-
         | interest/ and declare: support from the National Institutes of
         | Health for the submitted work. JEM reports receiving
         | investigator initiated grants from Mars Edge. EBR is on the
         | scientific advisory board and has received research funding
         | from the US Department of Agriculture/US Highbush Blueberry
         | growers commodity group.
        
       | idontwantthis wrote:
       | Perhaps people who enjoy less sweet foods don't eat too much
       | sugar.
        
       | jey wrote:
       | This sounds extremely confounded by lifestyle, socioeconomic
       | status, and overall diet. The kinds of people who eat dark
       | chocolate are clearly a self-selected bunch of outliers. Even
       | though they tried to correct for some of these covariates, I'm
       | personally going to take these results with a pinch of salted
       | chocolate.
       | 
       | To be fair, the authors do acknowledge these limitations of their
       | methodology, and these kinds of studies are a useful part of the
       | overall enterprise of science to explore and propose hypotheses.
       | 
       | > First, we cannot entirely rule out the role of confounding in
       | our observed associations. We controlled for multiple lifestyle
       | and dietary covariates that might confound the associations of
       | interest, although residual or unmeasured confounding, or both,
       | may still exist owing to the observational nature of the
       | analysis.
       | 
       | Regardless, I'll go ahead and take this finding as a further
       | justification to keep eating dark chocolate.
        
         | mrsilencedogood wrote:
         | I'm also suspect for similar reasons, but this at least seems
         | consistent with lots of other stuff we're finding out about the
         | random things humanity has been imbibing for millennia (coffee,
         | tea, cacao, etc). Anything that's anti-inflammatory seems to
         | help fix a lot of stuff, as long as whatever you do to get that
         | anti-inflammatory effect doesn't have too many downsides.
         | 
         | For instance, I wonder if we'll eventually find an NSAID that
         | isn't hard on the liver, and low doses end up in things like
         | vitamins. (My understanding is that that's the main reason you
         | can't just constantly take small doses of advil - the marginal
         | positive effects of reduced inflammation are outweighed by your
         | kidneys and liver being made to constantly work harder).
        
           | akira2501 wrote:
           | To arrive at a conclusion which suggests you should always
           | just add a fixed amount of some substance to your diet seems
           | generally flawed to me. It treats bodies like they're all
           | average machines with fixed inputs and predictable results
           | and zero emergent properties.
           | 
           | If wonder if we'll eventually improve genetic and blood
           | testing to the point where everyone can have customized daily
           | information to help them make the best individual choice.
        
         | FriedPickles wrote:
         | Hopefully there will be a follow up RCT. I volunteer for the
         | test group.
        
         | fire_lake wrote:
         | Dark chocolate often has very high sugar levels. You might try
         | to self correct but corporations are always on your heels.
        
           | WoodenChair wrote:
           | > Dark chocolate often has very high sugar levels.
           | 
           | Milk chocolate usually has higher sugar levels than dark
           | chocolate.
        
             | wyldfire wrote:
             | The point you cite was relative to other foods, not other
             | chocolates.
        
           | RankingMember wrote:
           | If you're going to eat chocolate, dark has by far the lowest
           | sugar content among chocolate types.
        
             | bruce343434 wrote:
             | That's whataboutism. There's still a lot of sugar in it.
             | Additionally, chocolate often has a high amount of heavy
             | metals in it.
             | 
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RzWWOQMLttE
             | 
             | I like chocolate as much as the next guy, but personally my
             | skin always starts itching all over (inflammation!) and
             | breaking out in acneic pustules on the chin, be it dark,
             | milk, cacao powder, whatever. It's the same reaction I get
             | from other high sugar content candy.
        
               | RankingMember wrote:
               | > That's whataboutism.
               | 
               | The discussion is about chocolate in general, so noting
               | that one form of chocolate is much lower in sugar than
               | another is hardly "whataboutism".
        
               | d1sxeyes wrote:
               | Dark chocolate has about half as much sugar as milk
               | chocolate. Seems reasonable to be OK with eating a bit of
               | dark chocolate but not milk or white.
        
           | Tarsul wrote:
           | Dark chocolate cannot have more sugar than 100% minus how
           | much cacao is inside. And usually if we're talking dark
           | chocolate then we're talking 60%+ chocolate. My personal
           | suggestion is to go for nothing less than 80-85% chocolate,
           | which certainly does not trigger my sugar addiction (meaning
           | it suffices to eat one or two pieces); even more it appears
           | to reduce my appetite (similar to tea). And also makes me
           | feel happy (there are articles about these effects, but I
           | don't know how good the studies behind it are, but certainly
           | worth a mention!). Truly a gift.
        
             | moffkalast wrote:
             | It's usually almost exactly the amount of sugar that is not
             | cacao if you look at the label. Milk chocolate is like over
             | half sugar by weight.
             | 
             | There sad reality is that cacao is extremely bitter, so
             | every gram of sugar is sorely needed to balance it out.
             | I've settled on 70% cacao (so 30% sugar) as a good balance
             | of being dark for the endorphins and still enjoyable to
             | even eat. Over 90% it stops even being the consistency of
             | chocolate and is more like a brick of raw cocoa.
        
         | ricardobeat wrote:
         | This is always the top comment on these studies, but come on,
         | it's a medical journal. As you already pointed out they did
         | adjust for confounding factors, you simply cannot exclude them
         | completely with a single study.
        
         | Projectiboga wrote:
         | Yes, this also measures how well of these individuals are as
         | Chocolate is a luxury product. This needs to be examined
         | sorting into economic cohorts.
        
       | helph67 wrote:
       | Just a few of the many benefits... "Dark chocolate is packed full
       | of important minerals, including iron, magnesium, zinc, copper
       | and phosphorus. In your body, these minerals are used to support
       | factors such as immunity (zinc), can help keep your bones and
       | teeth healthy (phosphorus), and contribute to better sleep
       | quality (magnesium)." https://health.clevelandclinic.org/dark-
       | chocolate-health-ben...
        
         | alehlopeh wrote:
         | Whenever I see a sentence claiming something is "packed" with
         | stuff, I wonder why they didn't just say it contains stuff. My
         | conclusion is that it was written by marketers to try and sell
         | something.
        
         | Modified3019 wrote:
         | Dark chocolate also tends to be "packed" with lead, arsenic and
         | cadmium.
         | 
         | Funny enough, "organic" certified kinds can end up worse on the
         | spectrum. Sometimes the source of the issue is the soil, other
         | times it gets contaminated during processing.
         | 
         | Spices have the same problem. As well as anything concentrated,
         | like protein powders.
        
           | lifesaverluke wrote:
           | Got a (reliable) source?
        
             | MiguelVieira wrote:
             | https://www.consumerreports.org/health/food-safety/lead-
             | and-...
        
       | litoE wrote:
       | The dietician at the UCLA Cardio Rehab Center recommended trying
       | 95% Cocoa chocolate if you have chocolate cravings because it has
       | much less sugar than regular chocolate. My experience (sample
       | size N=1) is that if I get a craving for chocolate I can eat a
       | single square of the stuff and, because of the high cocoa
       | content, it feels like I just ate a whole box of regular
       | chocolates.
        
         | neeleshs wrote:
         | 95%! Isn't that too bitter? One square of 72% works best for
         | me, 85% is pushing it.
        
           | programLyrique wrote:
           | I mostly eat 90% and now find 85% too sweet (but 100% too
           | bitter). I think our taste just adapts to the level of
           | sweetness after some time.
        
             | brink wrote:
             | I used to drink coffee with sugar, until I purposefully cut
             | it out, and now I can't stand sugar in my coffee.
             | 
             | I can't believe I used to drink those glass bottle
             | starbucks coffee drinks at one point.
        
               | ethagnawl wrote:
               | > I can't believe I used to drink those glass bottle
               | starbucks coffee drinks at one point.
               | 
               | They're unbearable -- like drinking a milkshake. It's so
               | frustrating that convenience stores in the US rarely
               | stock black cold coffee in cans or bottles.
        
           | djtango wrote:
           | Ymmv 99+ with some black coffee is delightful for me
        
           | technothrasher wrote:
           | Depends upon the bar. I find some 99% bars very enjoyable,
           | and some 70% bars not worth eating, and vice versa. I tend to
           | stay away from any bar with too much sugar, or with adjuncts
           | like dairy, salt, chili, mint, orange, etc (because I find
           | they hide the natural flavors in the chocolate itself), and
           | then don't worry about the percentage as much.
        
           | plorkyeran wrote:
           | The quality of the chocolate matters a lot more when you
           | don't have sugar covering up the problems.
        
           | tptacek wrote:
           | 85 is the optimal %.
        
         | Tagbert wrote:
         | For me, those high cocoa chocolates taste unbalanced and
         | unsatisfying. I quickly stop easting them and look for
         | something else. If all I taste is dry and bitter, that is not
         | what I am looking for. I want a little cocoa butter smoothness
         | and a little sweet, too.
        
           | justsomehnguy wrote:
           | For me a high cocoa chocoalte tastes unbalanced... and this
           | is why I like it. The only problem I have it's sold at the
           | same size with 50/50 sugar cocoa chocos and that means I'm
           | set after a few chips and the rest is wasted sitting in the
           | corner till be disposed.
           | 
           | I would be fine with ~25g one (even at the 1/2 of the cost of
           | a 'full' bar) but looks like noone is interested.
        
           | nytesky wrote:
           | Really depends on quality of chocolate. Trader Joe's 85% is
           | okay but a German bar from Lidl at 85% is amazing.
           | 
           | I find in all cases, mixing dark chocolate with peanut butter
           | even without additional sugar evokes a memory of my lifetime
           | enjoyment of Reese's and it is delightful. I suspect hazelnut
           | or almond are good options too, and reduce sugar ratio
           | further.
        
         | gbasin wrote:
         | i eat half a bar of it per day, amazing brain fuel
        
           | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
           | Dark chocolate covered coffee beans are nice
        
           | markus_zhang wrote:
           | Just curious how much is half a bar? I bought a few 100% but
           | they look large...
        
           | krackers wrote:
           | If you're eating that much, be careful about cadmium and
           | lead.
        
         | sgt wrote:
         | For dark choc, going for 70% is enjoyable yet also healthy.
        
         | mksreddy wrote:
         | I found this Simple way to stop chocolate craving, don't have
         | one at home.
        
           | bdangubic wrote:
           | they don't have chocolate outside of your home where you
           | live? you have access to them only at your house?
        
       | bdangubic wrote:
       | "smoking improves short-term memory" - study sponsored in part by
       | Philip Morris
        
       | loehnsberg wrote:
       | For all those screaming confounds, you can run experiments. Just
       | please keep sampling until you get good results for milk
       | chocolate as well.
        
       | kjhughes wrote:
       | On the other hand, _Lead and Cadmium Could Be in Your Dark
       | Chocolate_ :
       | 
       | https://www.consumerreports.org/health/food-safety/lead-and-...
        
         | slwvx wrote:
         | On the other other hand rat poop, bug bits, mice hair _can_ be
         | in your chocolate. And an asteroid can destroy earth tomorrow.
         | I don 't think any of these things should be especially
         | worrying.
         | 
         | https://www.cnn.com/2019/10/04/health/insect-rodent-filth-in...
        
       | yosito wrote:
       | Well, this explains why I haven't developed type 2 diabetes, my
       | dark chocolate addiction!
        
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       (page generated 2024-12-05 23:01 UTC)