[HN Gopher] Sitters and Standers
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Sitters and Standers
        
       Author : feross
       Score  : 404 points
       Date   : 2024-12-01 23:47 UTC (3 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (pudding.cool)
 (TXT) w3m dump (pudding.cool)
        
       | hatthew wrote:
       | Interesting how drivers and healthcare workers are outliers in a
       | lot of metrics. Did anyone else notice other common outliers?
        
         | mylesp wrote:
         | Software Developers were the most obvious outlier in Asian
         | workers and non-citizen workers. It is surprising how much of
         | an outlier it was, even compared to other similar white collar
         | jobs.
        
           | swiftcoder wrote:
           | If you've spent time in San Francisco or Seattle, it ceases
           | to surprise. I worked for a while on a 120-person project,
           | and we couldn't scape together 10 US citizens to form an on
           | call rotation for a government contract bid...
        
             | Der_Einzige wrote:
             | This is because of John Hughes films and a US bullying
             | culture. Our stem shortage is a choice and directly
             | connected to bullying culture in US schools having ran
             | rampant.
             | 
             | Most other countries, the "nerds" are popular because folks
             | know that they are going to earn big money shortly after.
             | Here? They're treated like little versions of the United
             | CEO.
        
           | relaxing wrote:
           | And nail techs!
        
           | hatthew wrote:
           | Yeah it's impressive how far it is on that graph. It seems
           | like they tend to be on the left end of the main sequence for
           | most plots.
        
       | throwaway519 wrote:
       | That escalated quickly.
        
       | oceanparkway wrote:
       | The presentation of data was nice (slides with a constant format)
       | and the measured amount of labeling was great
        
       | cxr wrote:
       | This is a worthwhile read, but I think it would be better if it
       | offered not just interactive exploration or a video, but a
       | conventional document, too--ideally as the primary form of
       | presentation. This is by the same creator who made the This Is A
       | Teenager exploration.
       | 
       | Previously: <https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40053774>
       | 
       | In that presentation, I was happy with how succinctly they were
       | able to get down to what makes environments "high-risk", and I
       | found the classification of "a quiet place to study" as a basic
       | necessity (and its relationship to the prevalence/absence of
       | "chaotic routines") as being particularly striking and memorable:
       | 
       | > _Researchers determined risk by asking lots of questions. For
       | example, they asked whether the kid has basic necessities, like
       | electricity or a quiet place to study._
       | 
       | > _They also asked about factors that could destabilize the home
       | environment - chaotic routines, parents who have disabilities, or
       | relatives struggling with substance abuse._
       | 
       | (So many environments nowadays, even the ones that are ostensibly
       | created to fulfill this sort of thing, are just total failures at
       | actually providing them. I'm thinking of things like public
       | libraries. I live in Austin and have a major axe to grind about
       | the public libraries here, which are nothing like what you'd get
       | if you were actually interested in the pro-social goals that
       | you'd think a public library would have in its charter. A
       | teenager looking to escape their high-risk environment or an
       | adult who's had their feet knocked out from beneath them
       | basically stands no chance at getting out of their predicament if
       | their only option were to use the public libraries here, which
       | would unfortunately act more like a vortex to ensure they stay in
       | the suck. But this is all beside the point.)
       | 
       | I suspect but cannot prove that there's a similar link to the
       | presentation of information--that the best presentation is simple
       | static media, ideally printed, that is _supplemented_ by these
       | types of exploratory environments so that you can make the main
       | resource come to life. Failing that, you 'd want the printed
       | presentation, sans interactivity, and then finally as a last
       | resort, just dumping the person into these kinds of
       | presentations. cf: the widely felt phenomenon of handwritten
       | notes being better than notes typed on a laptop + Postman,
       | _Amusing Ourselves to Death_.
        
         | kla-s wrote:
         | Have you considered a tablet with pen to not cut down so many
         | trees (transflective is the new cool kid on the block i hear,
         | ipad works pretty well ime)? By now i actually prefer its
         | better searchability with ocr and miss pinch to zoom on real
         | paper ;) Or do you think that the paper being wobbly is
         | important? I mean i get missing the indentability. My
         | experience as a student is its more important to move your
         | hands and have an intuitive sense for location on a sheet of
         | paper (more intuitive/faster navigable than with a typed word
         | processor) to easily form deep memories with what you are
         | dealing with (+spaced repetition!!). So in total tablet works
         | great (for me) once you get used to it. :)
         | 
         | Please indulge me on your short tangent on Austins public
         | library, how can they improve? Same budget?
        
         | throwaway2037 wrote:
         | What specifically is lacking in public libraries in Austin,
         | Texas? Ideally, you can also share a point of comparison, e.g.,
         | the libraries in Boca Raton, Florida have much better young
         | adult fiction.
        
       | JoshTriplett wrote:
       | This is, very directly, a supply-and-demand problem. (That is not
       | to say that it's a simple one, or that naive economics trivially
       | applies here or will necessarily give correct answers, or
       | _especially_ that either the supply or demand are straightforward
       | to change, just that it 's a reasonable reasoning framework to
       | start with.) The more people willing to do a job, the lower the
       | standards of the lowest bidder. Solving this problem requires one
       | or more of:
       | 
       | 1) Raising the minimum standards of the lowest bidders on the
       | worker side. This could be done through collective bargaining or
       | regulation, making it so nobody is willing to "defect" (in the
       | prisoner's dilemma sense) and work for conditions below a certain
       | standard, which means there's little to no supply of such
       | workers.
       | 
       | 2) Raising the standards on the demand side. This could
       | theoretically happen if consumers are willing to preferentially
       | purchase from places that provide higher standards for workers;
       | effectively, coordinate and collectively bargain on the
       | purchasing side. This seems unlikely to happen as consumers are
       | even more likely to "defect" and purchase from the least
       | expensive company. This is one case where a simplistic model
       | breaks down: consumers' ability to collectively demand higher
       | standards for how companies treat their workers is limited by the
       | fact that consumers are getting their income and ability to
       | afford higher standards _from_ the work they 're doing.
       | 
       | 3) Lowering the supply of labor across the board. This would
       | happen if fewer people are willing to do the job, such as if
       | people didn't have to work in order to survive (e.g. UBI). If
       | there isn't an endless supply of workers who _have_ to tolerate
       | whatever conditions get them paid enough to survive, satisfying
       | demand for labor requires substantially higher standards for pay
       | and working conditions. (Conversely, if everyone in a workplace
       | _wants_ to be there, it 's easier to get quality _output_.)
       | 
       | 4) Raising the demand for labor across the board. This isn't
       | going to happen, as it'd run counter to some of the primary
       | defining qualities of an improving society; even if it did, it
       | would be likely to ultimately result in similar stratification
       | between groups of workers.
       | 
       | 5) Raise the mobility from one category of labor to another.
       | Constantly being worked on in many different ways, but will
       | inherently never be able to fully solve the problem because not
       | enough people can take advantage of this option to avoid
       | stratification.
       | 
       | The feasible alternatives here feed back both positively and
       | negatively into each other.
       | 
       | Personally, I think implementing (3) via UBI is the one most
       | likely in terms of feasibility. (Not _politically_ in terms of
       | passing it, but _practically_ in terms of how monumentally
       | effective it would be compared to the rest.) (3) is the option
       | here most immune to the prisoners ' dilemma defection problem.
        
       | turbojet1321 wrote:
       | This seems like a great demonstration of basing arguments on a
       | dependent variable. Every slide I've seen so far would be better
       | explained by white collar vs blue collar rather than sitter vs
       | stander.
        
         | jp0d wrote:
         | I don't think white collar vs blue collar comparison is
         | necessarily better. There are heaps of ways to slice and dice
         | data and this one of them. I'd argue that it's a rather
         | interesting perspective.
        
           | turbojet1321 wrote:
           | My point is that it isn't really a different slice, though.
           | The vast majority of the "sitting" occupations are white
           | collar; the vast majority of the "standing" ones blue collar.
        
             | Nevermark wrote:
             | So think of it as a concise objective way to settle what is
             | blue color from white color, for purposes of a study.
             | 
             | No definition will be perfect, but this one does pretty
             | well as you point out.
             | 
             | It also naturally provides an objective gradation, which
             | many definitions that stand in for blue collar" or sit in
             | for "white collar" won't provide.
        
         | esperent wrote:
         | It seemed to me that it was using the dependant variable
         | intentionally so that it could build up to the twist: actually
         | it's all about race.
         | 
         | To be fair, the twist did get me. I thought it was leading up
         | to discussing injury rates, or health in old age. Since I'm not
         | from the US, the pivot to discussing race wasn't very
         | interesting/relevant to me.
        
           | erikerikson wrote:
           | I have the thought that racial divisions are even more stark
           | elsewhere, although in cases across different lines. I would,
           | for example expect a lot more Chinese in to positions in that
           | country alongside far lower diversity.
           | 
           | Is it not this way? How about where you are from, since
           | you're "not from the US"?
        
             | Filligree wrote:
             | Divisions here are between the Irish, British, French,
             | Italians and so on -- each with their own prejudices, to
             | say nothing of people coming from eastern Europe.
             | 
             | Each and every one of these groupings have faced
             | discrimination in one context or another, and all of them
             | would be described as 'white' in American terms. Actual
             | Asian people are too far out of context to really be
             | considered on more than an individual basis; there aren't a
             | lot of them here.
        
             | kstenerud wrote:
             | Japanese vs Brazilians
             | 
             | Germans vs Turks
             | 
             | Han Chinese vs non-Han Chinese
             | 
             | Canada vs first nations
             | 
             | Many countries have their racial underclasses.
        
             | esperent wrote:
             | > I have the thought that racial divisions are even more
             | stark elsewhere
             | 
             | While race is of course an issue in all countries, few
             | countries hold on to their racial divide as strongly as the
             | US.
             | 
             | Nonetheless, I didn't mean that discussion about race
             | wasn't relevant or interesting to me. I simply meant that
             | discussion about the racial divides _in the US_ aren 't
             | relevant to me.
             | 
             | Since I hear and read about US specific race issues a lot I
             | usually avoid the topic and was a bit annoyed that this
             | post baited me into investing so much time before it
             | revealed what it was about.
        
             | lmm wrote:
             | Most countries have ethnic divisions, but they're not the
             | US race categories and not based on skin colour. I am of my
             | ethnicity and this affected how I was treated, whereas the
             | US flattens that to "white" and treats me as such.
             | 
             | (More baffling is how the US is in complete denial of its
             | class system - so much so that anyone who tries to talk
             | about class is immediately told they're talking about race)
        
               | wruza wrote:
               | Exactly. Looking from outside, US just paints _literal_
               | colors over what is really a multitude of ethnicities and
               | cultures and thinks it's progressive and inclusive. This
               | black, this black, this white, this white, this asian.
               | Awesome reduction.
        
               | sojournerc wrote:
               | You similarly reduced all Americans to a stereotype with
               | this comment. If you get your idea of Americans from
               | internet discourse, you may come away with this
               | impression, but it's a shallow view of a diverse country.
        
               | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
               | Looking at it from the inside as a black American, I 100%
               | agree with you. My experience as a black person in the US
               | has been wildly different from someone who grew up in the
               | 'hood or someone living with his nephew in Bel Air :-)
               | 
               | But yet, we're all mushed into the same category and
               | expected to think alike and have the same ambitions. It's
               | frustrating, but there's not a whole lot that I can do
               | about it other than engage with people using my own
               | perspective.
        
               | erikerikson wrote:
               | FWIW: while you are absolutely correct that many
               | activists will replace class discussions with racial
               | assertions, it is not universal here. Many of us are
               | quite aware of and discuss our extreme divides and the
               | mechanisms that keep ratcheting them, perhaps including
               | this redirection habit.
        
           | turbojet1321 wrote:
           | I agree, it was bit of a bait and switch and (also as a non-
           | American) the racial twist took me by surprise.
           | 
           | The actual data would still have made as much (or more) sense
           | if it was white vs blue collar, but I suppose no one would be
           | surprised by that, and wouldn't have clicked through long
           | enough for the "switch" to hit.
        
           | kdazzle wrote:
           | Ha, I've heard a few Dutch say that American style racism
           | didnt really apply to them, but then later they say that some
           | person isn't Dutch because they aren't white. All in the
           | workplace.
           | 
           | I think it's just not as top of mind in other places, but its
           | there.
        
             | plufz wrote:
             | I think it is a little of both. I'm not American, but as a
             | bystander it seems quite obvious that race is important in
             | the US because of how important slavery has been in your
             | culture (founding fathers, civil war, the history of your
             | political parties, income distribution today, etc).
             | 
             | But I also have the impression that you have more knowledge
             | of racism than some other countries. I mean the Dutch
             | obviously have a horrific racist history.
        
           | throwaway2037 wrote:
           | > Since I'm not from the US, the pivot to discussing race
           | wasn't very interesting/relevant to me.
           | 
           | Does your home country have any minorities that are
           | economically lower class? And, importantly, are they visibly
           | identifiable, like different skin colour? I assume yes --
           | most countries have them if you look close enough. Would it
           | be more interesting if the data were viewed through the lense
           | of these different ethnic groups in your country?
        
             | graemep wrote:
             | In the UK different ethnic minorities do very differently
             | economically (some better than the majority[1]) but this
             | does not follow visible differences.
             | 
             | Indians do a lot better economically than Bangladeshis,
             | black Africans better than black Caribbeans, etc. People
             | from some Eastern European countries do a lot worse than
             | visible minorities. Of the white minorities the Irish were
             | traditionally close to the bottom of the heap historically,
             | but for the last few decades have done well, especially
             | educationally, probably boosted by the quality of Catholic
             | schools (religious schools can receive state funding here
             | and many are therefore free to attend).
             | 
             | Its clearly mostly to do with lack of intergenerational
             | social mobility. Its worth noting that the group doing
             | worst educationally in the UK are white working class boys.
             | 
             | In Sri Lanka which is also my "home" country for a
             | different definition of home the minorities are not
             | "economically lower class" but have faced significant
             | racism and religious discrimination (both sometimes
             | violent) - but have also done the same themselves.
             | 
             | [1] All numbers I know of that compare ethnic groups lump
             | the three biggest native groups into one, "white British".
        
               | nox101 wrote:
               | It's similar in the USA. Black Americans do poorly. Black
               | Nigerian immigrants to great. They're both black so it's
               | evidence race has little to do with whatever the problems
               | of class are but a certain segment of vocal people ignore
               | this evidence.
        
               | dahart wrote:
               | If true, it's not necessarily evidence of race being
               | independent of class, it would only be evidence of color
               | being independent of class. If true, it might to some
               | degree be the opposite of what you claim, it might be
               | evidence of race mattering since Americans and Nigerians
               | though they might share some physical traits, are now
               | from different countries for many generations. Is it
               | true? I'd love to see this evidence, can you link to
               | some?
               | 
               | There is a literal mountain of evidence that both color
               | and race in the US correlate negatively with outcomes,
               | perhaps in differing amounts, but if you ignore that,
               | you're also ignoring some evidence. There a lot of
               | possible confounding reasons why one black group might
               | fare better than another on average in the US, and that
               | means that if you care about being accurate about whether
               | race and class are linked, then it's extremely difficult
               | to separate them, and nearly impossible to declare
               | they're not linked. The biggest problem with your claim
               | is that race and class absolutely were linked in the past
               | without question, when blacks were slaves, and we have
               | never had a period in US history where the socioeconomic
               | outcomes of blacks matched whites on average. The
               | situation has improved, but we have plenty of evidence
               | we're not there yet, and so it's impossible and almost
               | certainly wrong to claim that either race or color has
               | little to do with class.
        
               | vundercind wrote:
               | A important confounder is that immigrants--especially
               | from somewhere across an ocean--are heavily selection-
               | biased.
        
           | graemep wrote:
           | Its apparent very early on that it is about the US, and
           | everything in the US is all about race.
           | 
           | Race is far more important in the US: it seems to be
           | fundamental to people's identity and how they are regarded in
           | a way that is difficult to grasp from outside. It is strange
           | to me that people who accept self-identity of gender regard
           | race as an immutable inherited characteristic.
           | 
           | The nearest parallel is caste in India. It is inherited,
           | immutable and hierarchical.
        
             | defrost wrote:
             | The US is not homogeneous and the people within the US
             | _most_ likely to regard race as an all important immutable
             | inherited characteristic are also _largely_ those least
             | likely to accept self-identity of gender.
             | 
             | That at least is my coarse observation as an outsider and I
             | _stressed_ qualifiers as there are no absolutes here, just
             | fuzzy clouds of human attributes with some overlaps and no
             | hard borders.
             | 
             | The types of US media that routinely dog whistles race
             | issues and stereotype low IQ gun happy criminal types are
             | pretty much the same media streams that mock trans
             | identity, wokeness, and alphabet classification.
        
               | lmm wrote:
               | > The types of US media that routinely dog whistles race
               | issues and stereotype low IQ gun happy criminal types
               | 
               | That's the other side from the one that most strongly
               | regards "race as an all important immutable inherited
               | characteristic" as far as I can see.
        
               | graemep wrote:
               | > the people within the US most likely to regard race as
               | an all important immutable inherited characteristic are
               | also largely those least likely to accept self-identity
               | of gender.
               | 
               | I am not convinced. Even Americans who accept gender
               | self-identity AND claim to be anti-racist usually have a
               | problem with regarding race as a superficial
               | characteristic, and rarely seem to accept people self-
               | identifying as a different race to their "real" one.
               | 
               | > The types of US media that routinely dog whistles race
               | issues and stereotype low IQ gun happy criminal types are
               | pretty much the same media streams that mock trans
               | identity, wokeness, and alphabet classification.
               | 
               | My point is that BOTH sides in the US regard race as an
               | immutable fundamental characteristic.
        
               | michaelt wrote:
               | _> The US is not homogeneous and the people within the US
               | most likely to regard race as an all important immutable
               | inherited characteristic are also largely those least
               | likely to accept self-identity of gender._
               | 
               | Personally I've seen two correlations in different
               | directions.
               | 
               | Race is important to the swastika-tattoo crowd on the far
               | right, no doubt.
               | 
               | Meanwhile on the left, a lot of people acknowledge a
               | widening gap between rich and poor, and the loss of well-
               | paid manufacturing jobs that can support a family without
               | a degree. That even though the median family's situation
               | has been improving for decades, a lot of people haven't
               | shared in the benefits. To me this is obviously a matter
               | of class.
               | 
               | But I look at American analysis and discussion, and 95%
               | of the time they ignore class, and instead analyse it
               | through a racial lens - reinterpreting the widening gap
               | between rich and poor as a widening gap between white and
               | black. The along comes Trump, and he gains a load of
               | support from the white working class simply by
               | acknowledging that yes, they are struggling.
               | 
               | So I can certainly see what graemep is getting at.
        
               | defrost wrote:
               | Blame the likes of Murdoch and his predecessors, they've
               | mastered the art of using rags and tabloids to eliminate
               | nuance in the US public sphere.
               | 
               | Significant US analysis, that with any meat, looks to
               | race, class , and income to quintile the US demographic
               | and examine the prospects of each rank and the mobility
               | across groups.
               | 
               | Recent years have seen books such as Paul Fussell, CLASS:
               | A Guide Through the American Status System (1983), Isabel
               | Wilkerson, Caste: The Origins of Our Discontents (2020),
               | and a host between.
               | 
               | The difficulty for the US has been the dumbing down of
               | public discourse, that was the condition that permitted a
               | Trump to sweep through on a popularists platform.
        
               | graemep wrote:
               | I love Isabel Wilkerson's book. It was that (through the
               | comparison with caste) that gave me a clearer idea of the
               | difference between what race is in American culture.
               | 
               | I have posted this before so a bit reluctant to repeat,
               | but its relevant. i wrote a blog post about my view and
               | experience of race in different cultures :
               | https://pietersz.co.uk/2023/08/racism-culture-different
        
               | rurp wrote:
               | > the people within the US most likely to regard race as
               | an all important immutable inherited characteristic are
               | also largely those least likely to accept self-identity
               | of gender.
               | 
               | I'm pretty surprised to hear that. Nearly every program
               | I've seen in my adult life that explicitly uses race as
               | an important factor in who gets hired or promoted or
               | funded has come from the left. The left is also the group
               | that is in favor of gender self-identification. Maybe
               | these aren't always the exact same people, but the
               | overlap politically is strong.
               | 
               | That's not to say that conservatives don't hold or
               | express racist or bigoted beliefs, but I'm not sure I've
               | ever seen an overt effort to only hire white people or
               | exclude brown people.
        
             | m0llusk wrote:
             | Race is in the mix, but is oddly mutable. Back when I was a
             | kid being of Polish ancestry was a kind of joke. Some of my
             | Irish friends have memories of being excluded from social
             | events. At some point we both became "white" and previous
             | divisions faded. There is no comparable we used to be Dalit
             | and then people stopped caring about that experience in
             | India.
        
             | pjc50 wrote:
             | The problem is that until 1971, which is within the
             | lifetime of many people currently alive, especially in
             | government (remember, the only US President born after 1946
             | is Barak Obama), race was a legal category in the US that
             | seriously restricted lives.
             | 
             | Desegregation has been slow, and you can't really
             | desegregate inherited wealth.
        
         | tarvaina wrote:
         | Isn't white vs blue collar a latent variable? You have to
         | operationalize it somehow. If you just ask "how blue collar are
         | you?", people's answers will be influenced by all kinds of
         | subjective biases.
         | 
         | I'd argue sitter vs stander distinction also makes this
         | presentation more visceral, memorable and understandable.
         | Collar color would feel unnecessarily abstract and boring.
        
           | gav wrote:
           | When I had a blue collar job, my coworker used to divide jobs
           | into "shower before work" and "shower after work".
           | 
           | It's perhaps less relevant now that a lot of people can roll
           | out of bed and start their remote job in sweatpants, but it's
           | stuck with me.
        
             | turbojet1321 wrote:
             | Ha - my dad, a plumber, couldn't fathom that people would
             | shower in the morning and not of a night. Which, when you
             | spend your day covered in dirt and excrement, makes a ton
             | of sense.
             | 
             | (Despite being solidly white collar, I still shower of a
             | night)
        
               | nox101 wrote:
               | Some cultures, it's normal to shower at night, others in
               | the morning.
               | 
               | The majority of Americans I know shower in the morning.
               | Japanese bath/shower at night as a general rule. A
               | western person I know married to a Japanese person said
               | their partner thought they were gross to climb into bed
               | all dirty (not bathing at night). My friend thought
               | "waking up sticky from sleep and staying sticky all day
               | is gross". My friend's solution was to bath both in the
               | morning and at night. Their partner still only baths at
               | night.
        
               | vundercind wrote:
               | I do both. If I don't shower in the morning, my pits and
               | other parts smell in ways that will make my clothes
               | smellier faster even with deodorant. And going to bed
               | with a whole day of sweat and body oils on you makes your
               | bedding gross faster (it's there, even if you weren't
               | active). I can't really imagine skipping either aside
               | from occasionally, all my stuff would smell and I'd have
               | to run like 50% more loads of laundry.
        
         | fenomas wrote:
         | You have this backwards - sitting/standing (and autonomy etc.)
         | are the data, and blue-collar/white-collar are names for
         | clusters in that data, and the latter depend on the former.
         | After all, workers choose a shirt according to their job role,
         | not the other way around!
         | 
         | Also more importantly, I think the main point of the article is
         | that it's not just two clusters; there are several interesting
         | axes to look at. E.g. electricians are "standers" but have
         | autonomy; bookkeepers are "white collar" but do little problem-
         | solving, etc.
        
           | turbojet1321 wrote:
           | Perhaps you're right. I suppose my annoyance is that by
           | choosing sitting/standing as their variable, they gave the
           | impression that they were telling a new and/or interesting
           | narrative, when really they were presenting something well
           | established and entirely common-sense (physical laborers get
           | paid less and have poorer working conditions than office
           | workers).
        
             | fenomas wrote:
             | I follow you, but I read TFA as saying the complete
             | opposite of that. To me TFA is illustrating that "white-vs-
             | blue-collar" is something of a thought-terminating cliche,
             | and that looking at the actual data shows that various jobs
             | cluster in ways you wouldn't expect if you assumed there
             | were two big white/blue categories.
             | 
             | (Also I interpreted "standing/sitting" as basically being a
             | catchy title - I think the author's premise is that all the
             | axes he examined are relevant, not just the
             | standing/sitting one.)
        
           | throwaway2037 wrote:
           | > bookkeepers are "white collar" but do little problem-
           | solving
           | 
           | It is interesting that you think bookkeepers (accountants?)
           | do little problem solving. I am sure they spend most of their
           | day trying to track down missing expenses, or duplicates, or
           | hard to categorise, or some weird tax law. That sounds like
           | more than "little" to me.
        
             | fenomas wrote:
             | It's not an opinion I hold, it's a data point from the data
             | TFA examined (which was presumably self-reported, so take
             | it up with bookkeepers I guess).
             | 
             | If you want to see it, skip to the "explore" part and then
             | enter "I solve problems daily" and "Bookkeeping" in the UI.
        
           | devjab wrote:
           | > bookkeepers are "white collar" but do little problem-
           | solving, etc.
           | 
           | If you think that then I'd wager you'd never had to digitise
           | any form of economic based system. I need an accountant to
           | even begin to tell me how to do their weird nonsensical math,
           | because it's not actually math but law. Law which is open to
           | interpretation. Law which still has to be boiled down to
           | financial calculations and budget planning.
           | 
           | In Germany you get a green tariff when you produce solar
           | energy. You do this in most of Europe, but in Germany the
           | tariff goes away if you exceed a certain amount of energy
           | production, as in, you're either paid X or you're paid 0.
        
             | fenomas wrote:
             | Please see my sibling reply - I don't think it, bookkeepers
             | do (according to TFA's dataset).
        
               | devjab wrote:
               | I'm not English but is bookkeeper not another word for
               | accountant?
        
               | fenomas wrote:
               | Basically, yes - it's a loose term for those kinds of
               | roles. The specific field in TSA's data is labeled
               | "Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks".
        
         | btilly wrote:
         | The classic from which all this comes is the UK bus system. You
         | had the driver and the conductor. Equivalent jobs, from an
         | equivalent background, with equivalent lifestyles away from
         | work. But drivers sat and the conductors stood. Very, very
         | different outcomes.
         | 
         | This is literally the example from which we learned that
         | standing and walking around helps prevent heart attacks.
        
           | Noumenon72 wrote:
           | Those jobs seem about as equivalent as driver and passenger.
           | You have to focus and avoid risks all day long as a driver.
           | I'm suprised conductor pays more. I imagine they attract
           | different types of people as well -- customer service people
           | vs video game people. Must have been tough epidemiology to
           | tease a signal out of that.
        
             | HPsquared wrote:
             | They probably just ignore all the confounding variables and
             | focus on what can be measured.
        
             | btilly wrote:
             | What makes you think that conductor paid more? Certainly
             | nothing that I said!
             | 
             | Likewise what makes you think that the epidemiology was
             | hard? The statistics were absolutely brutally obvious. The
             | main problem was getting people to look at the data, not
             | interpreting it.
             | 
             | See https://bcmj.org/articles/exercise-and-heart-review-
             | early-st... for some of the early history that is involved
             | here.
        
           | graemep wrote:
           | On the other hand IIRC postmen who walk rather than stand are
           | healthy?
        
       | Fokamul wrote:
       | If I compare our work in EU to US, every job is basically slave
       | labor. Even sitters.
       | 
       | Eg.: I have 30 days of paid vacation, now I'm taking month off.
       | Don't need to worry about my job, they cannot fire me. As I
       | understand in US, if you take vacation longer than week, you're
       | in the fear you will be fired. Is it true?
       | 
       | Job, IT, of course.
        
         | pram wrote:
         | A week? Nah. I've routinely taken two weeks to burn off PTO.
         | 
         | A month straight is probably a hard sell though, yes.
        
           | gotaran wrote:
           | Yeah this is why I always take more than a month off between
           | jobs.
           | 
           | Besides parental leave and the very rare even for FAANG
           | companies who offer month long sabbaticals once every five
           | years, a month is a hard sell.
        
         | rhmw2b wrote:
         | It depends on the job. I've had jobs where you couldn't get
         | approval to take a week off and a week off at my current job is
         | no big deal. Generally PTO is more generous as you become
         | harder to replace.
        
         | slibhb wrote:
         | > As I understand in US, if you take vacation longer than week,
         | you're in the fear you will be fired. Is it true?
         | 
         | I have a coworker who takes off 3 weeks in a row every year.
         | Never been an issue.
         | 
         | In general in the US, tech companies have excellent benefits --
         | including plenty of vacation. Not as much as Europe but it's
         | not bad.
        
         | kaashif wrote:
         | I believe slaves are usually not compensated for their work and
         | cannot leave their jobs.
        
           | Archelaos wrote:
           | I think the OP meant it metaphorically. "Basically" seems to
           | signal this. Since metaphors are not the thing itself, there
           | are necessarily aspects that do not fit. However, metaphors
           | may be bad metaphors. So you may or may not have a point
           | here. But this point should be made explicit to move the
           | discussion forward.
           | 
           | Also, I suspect that the OP is not a native English speaker,
           | because there seems to be a subtle difference between a
           | narrow standard metaphorical use of "slave labo(u)r" in
           | English along the lines of "work that is done by enslaved
           | people or by people who are treated as though they are
           | enslaved"[1] and a wider use for example in German were
           | "Sklavenarbeit" means something like hard work under
           | degrading conditions.[2]
           | 
           | [1] As Merrriam-Webster defines it at https://www.merriam-
           | webster.com/dictionary/slave%20labor
           | 
           | [2] Cf. for example the lemma "sklavenarbeit" in Grimms'
           | dictionary: "sklavenarbeit, f. arbeit, die ein sklave thun
           | musz, die einem sklaven ziemt, harte arbeit. Campe,
           | schlavenarbeit, lavoro, fatica da schiavo. Kramer deutsch-it.
           | dict. 2 (1702), 562a: schlavenarbeit thun mussen, dover
           | faticare da schiavo. ebenda; was ists fur muhe und
           | sklavenarbeit der ackerbau. Herder bei Campe."
           | https://woerterbuchnetz.de/?sigle=DWB&lemid=S30002
        
             | swiftcoder wrote:
             | I think you will find that at least in UK English, "slave
             | labour" is used almost exclusively in the second sense [1].
             | The UK not having reckoned as much with its history of
             | actual enslavement, this term is significantly less loaded
             | than it is in the US.
             | 
             | [1] Oxford dictionary: " (informal) work that is very hard
             | and very badly paid", https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionarie
             | s.com/definition/englis...
        
         | kmonsen wrote:
         | I work for a FAANG and a month, well planned, vacation is
         | totally OK. If I want to take a week of I more or less need no
         | notice, but for a month it would be expected I plan ahead what
         | the people I work with should do.
         | 
         | I have 5 weeks vacation and unlimited sick days every year.
        
           | a_e_k wrote:
           | Yep, I've taken several three-week vacations and it's never
           | been a problem. The main thing is just giving plenty of
           | advance notice (and reminding people as it gets close) so my
           | manager can schedule around it, and making sure projects are
           | in a good state with arrangements made for anything that
           | needs covering while I'm out.
        
           | swiftcoder wrote:
           | My experience of working for a couple of FAANGs does not
           | mirror this - while I was never laid off during a vacation, I
           | think every vacation over 3 weeks I ever took, I returned to
           | discover that my team had either suffered a major reorg, or
           | the entire project was cancelled, and I had to find another
           | team to work on.
        
         | piafraus wrote:
         | > As I understand in US, if you take vacation longer than week,
         | you're in the fear you will be fired. Is it true?
         | 
         | This is a common misconception which comes from the fact that
         | there are no federal required vacations. That does not mean
         | companies don't offer vacations as a benefit. I have yet see
         | any positions without offering any.
         | 
         | In IT it's pretty much universally quite good. I had 5 weeks
         | before, but now we switched to unlimited (as long as you do
         | your job ok). I now take around 6 weeks per year, and I don't
         | really need more.
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | > This is a common misconception which comes from the fact
           | that there are no federal required vacations.
           | 
           | You must never have been pressured not to take your vacation
           | days or sick days. I think most people have been. I've seen
           | people constructively fired for taking vacation, or even for
           | taking their entire entitled maternity leave rather than
           | cutting it short.
        
         | gotaran wrote:
         | For certain knowledge work, the job market is much stronger and
         | orders of magnitude better paying in the US.
         | 
         | And nah, most if not all of my coworkers have taken two
         | consecutive weeks off, and have taken roughly a total 25 days
         | off the year excluding holidays.
        
         | naming_the_user wrote:
         | The distinction is that IME most Europeans (I am British for
         | what it's worth) - not all - but most - simply cannot fathom
         | the concept of having any financial independence at all.
         | 
         | They need paid time off and paid maternity leave and all of
         | that stuff because they can't conceptualise putting away the
         | money to do this themselves. Significant savings or investment
         | are rare outside of a property.
         | 
         | It's just money on the other side of the equation, government
         | and socialised vs independent and free to use or not.
         | 
         | At the very bottom it's not like it matters in either case, you
         | might have time off but no money to do anything with it.
        
           | diputsmonro wrote:
           | I don't think it's that simple, for at least two reasons I
           | can immediately think of:
           | 
           | 1) Several Americans live paycheck to paycheck with no
           | significant savings outside of property either. One
           | unexpected emergency is enough to empty the savings of most
           | Americans [1](https://www.yahoo.com/news/one-emergency-away-
           | study-shows-22...). The idea that Americans make more money
           | and that makes up for the difference just doesn't play out in
           | reality for all but the richest and luckiest.
           | 
           | 2) Taking a 30 day vacation and coming back to the same job
           | without any threat of repercussion is much more valuable than
           | simply 30 days worth of saved wages. The average American
           | worker can't just take 30 days off, even as leave without
           | pay, and expect to come back to the same job. If they want a
           | 30 day period with no work, the vast majority of American
           | workers will have to quit their current job and then hope to
           | be able to find a new one later - which certainly isn't a
           | given if you're working unskilled jobs to begin with.
        
         | umeshunni wrote:
         | > As I understand in US, if you take vacation longer than week,
         | you're in the fear you will be fired. Is it true?
         | 
         | lol, do you get most of your information from retards on
         | reddit?
        
         | syndicatedjelly wrote:
         | What an awful comparison
         | 
         | > As I understand in US, if you take vacation longer than week,
         | you're in the fear you will be fired. Is it true?
         | 
         | No this is complete nonsense for 95%+ of jobs
        
         | 082349872349872 wrote:
         | My european wife (watching some US show) just asked me "what is
         | it with Americans and their boxes*?" After determining the
         | context of the question (being escorted out of the building
         | with your personal items in a box) I _attempted_ to explain At
         | Will Employment...
         | 
         | * last time it was the red plastic cups, before that it was
         | "being proud", etc. etc.
        
       | jp0d wrote:
       | This is really well done and was eye opening for me as I'm
       | predominantly a sitter.
        
       | paulpauper wrote:
       | Interestingly, I have not noticed lower rates of obesity among
       | the standers compared to sitters. I'm sure we've all seen
       | obese/overweight people in retail, doing road work, or
       | construction , but then also plenty of thin guys who do office
       | work.
       | 
       | When I was having work done on my home, the 4 people who were
       | working on it were all overweight/obese. Bill Gates was wire thin
       | in his '20s despite his job entailing sitting at a computer all
       | day.
       | 
       | I suspect this has to do with metabolic differences (with people
       | with higher IQs having faster metabolisms relative to body mass
       | due to more NEAT or other factors) than just diet and exercise.
        
         | flocciput wrote:
         | Good observation; but I think metabolic differences leading to
         | higher/lower IQs is a stretch (and smells weirdly eugenicist!
         | but that's just my personal opinion).
         | 
         | It seems obvious to me that being poor makes it harder to be
         | healthy. Stand all day and you're too tired to cook or exercise
         | after work. You end up eating calorically dense, ultra
         | processed foods because they're quick to prepare and easy to
         | come by. The stress takes a toll on you physically, but there's
         | no time to see a doctor, and your health insurance sucks. Even
         | if you wanted to exercise, and found a cheap gym, you're more
         | likely to develop something like a repetitive use injury that
         | makes movement painful. And you're probably not getting good
         | sleep, which affects your metabolism as well.
         | 
         | I'd be interested in whether the poverty/obesity correlation
         | holds outside the US or if it's unusually high here. My guess
         | is that it's mostly an American thing.
        
         | jaimex2 wrote:
         | I think it comes down to junk food is cheap.
         | 
         | It costs a lot to eat healthy short of growing your own stuff.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | > I suspect this has to do with metabolic differences
         | 
         | No it has to do with differences in dietary habits.
        
       | beeflet wrote:
       | Programmers sit more than Software developers. Programmers, stand
       | up!
        
       | tejohnso wrote:
       | Nursing assistants are some of the most likely to be injured or
       | ill. Similar to corrections officers and much more so than meat
       | cutters ore tire changers. I found that surprising.
        
         | GuB-42 wrote:
         | Not really surprising. Nursing is a physical job, people are
         | heavy!
         | 
         | Also: exposure to disease, violent patients (especially in
         | psychiatry), slippery floors, sharp instruments, used
         | needles...
        
         | lazide wrote:
         | They move heavy, often non-compliant patients. Many with
         | dementia or other diseases that make them dangerous and
         | unpredictable. Deal with bio hazards all day, every day. Work
         | long shifts, often with insane overtime.
        
         | Ekaros wrote:
         | Meat cutting might be dealing with sharp objects, but it is
         | also highly repeatable work and designed to be generally
         | acceptable safety. Same goes for tire changing, you are very
         | often using lifts and then you can use proper lifting
         | techniques.
         | 
         | In both jobs the work environment can be designed to be
         | ergonomic enough. Which does not apply to more variable work.
        
         | idunnoman1222 wrote:
         | Ill because women have families and are the ones who take a day
         | off when their kids are sick
         | 
         | Additionally, jobs, where the workers have more rights can take
         | more sick days. There's a culture of not taking a sick day when
         | you're a construction worker.
        
       | gerdesj wrote:
       | "This story is about two kinds of workers in America"
       | 
       | Very pretty and very dark and totally impenetrable.
        
       | jcalabro wrote:
       | "A man who sits for something stands for nothing"
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WqjUlmkYr2g
        
       | jaimex2 wrote:
       | Interesting little site.
       | 
       | Born in a latin american country I was taught by my parents to
       | always aim for the least amount of work for the most amount of
       | pay. Basically avoid any standing job like the plague even though
       | thats what they both did.
       | 
       | My mother yelled at me when I got my first job as a waiter and
       | pressured me to find something else every month.
       | 
       | Eventually I got a IT desk job that paid minimum wage and worked
       | my way up from there to software development.
       | 
       | A lot of standing job people do tell me they could never do what
       | I do, sitting on a desk daily.
        
         | cxr wrote:
         | > A lot of standing job people do tell me they could never do
         | what I do, sitting on a desk daily.
         | 
         | They're trying to insult you, not provide you with anecdotal
         | information so that you can have a broader view of the world.
        
           | Der_Einzige wrote:
           | After this election, I'm more than happy to ratchet up
           | resentment towards the top from the bottom. Oh you want to
           | elect a "populist" who hates the "elites"? I'm going to give
           | you something to resent then!
        
       | jonathanQ wrote:
       | I will always remember that, for my parents' generation, the idea
       | of a "good job" was synonymous with "sitting in an office."
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | Has that changed?
        
           | umeshunni wrote:
           | Nowadays it might be 'standing at your home office desk'
        
         | thaumasiotes wrote:
         | It's true right now in China. A job in an office is a good job.
         | A job not in an office is a bad job. Doesn't matter what you're
         | doing in the office.
        
       | paxys wrote:
       | Cool visualization, but it is ultimately 20 slides that are
       | saying the exact same thing (white collar workers are more
       | privileged than blue collar workers). And not adding anything new
       | to something everyone already knows.
        
         | Noumenon72 wrote:
         | I spent ten years in a plastics factory before switching to
         | programming. I used to grab a roll of paper to sit on even
         | though it made me look lazy compared to everyone else there,
         | because standing is hard. So I feel that finding any new way to
         | remind people every few years that we are sitting because
         | others are standing is virtuous.
         | 
         | We also spend too much time on sympathy for people at the very
         | bottom of the income tables, often there out of laziness or
         | crime, compared to people who have twice the stress by being
         | both low income and working hard for a living. They deserve
         | more visibility.
        
           | Der_Einzige wrote:
           | Correct. The left tries to reach out to the proletariat but
           | often only actually seems to speak to the lumpenproletariet.
           | Marx thought the absolute bottom of society was scum,
           | naturally fascist, and might as well not exist. Having been
           | around your average bum on the west coast, it's hard not to
           | agree.
        
         | xerox13ster wrote:
         | I have known since before the election that Trump is planning
         | to deport all of the immigrants. I've been angry about it. I've
         | talked to the people about it. I have argued with people about
         | it, but I haven't truly cognitively processed it.
         | 
         | When I got to the slide about immigrant workers, I broke down,
         | crying, sobbing tears--no no no no that can't happen here
         | tears. I already knew. It was something I already knew.
         | 
         | The reality of such a thing is so horrible to contemplate that
         | even if you can attach the faces of people you know to the
         | coming horror, you're more likely to think of it in abstract
         | terms. 20 million people is a number we can't fathom. But data
         | allows us to process it in an abstract way, and can connect the
         | abstract to something cognitively meaningful.
         | 
         | When I saw the data arranged that way I was forced to confront
         | the abstract representation of this category of people that
         | drove home cognitively what could be coming.
        
           | tristor wrote:
           | > I have known since before the election that Trump is
           | planning to deport all of the immigrants.
           | 
           | Agree or disagree with the policy proposal, that is not what
           | Trump has been saying at all. I don't know if this is an
           | unforced error with some people in the discussion of American
           | politics or a deliberate attempt to muddy the waters. There
           | is a legal process for immigrating to the United States, it
           | is a significantly easier process than that which exists in
           | the majority of Western countries.
           | 
           | Those who follow the legal process are not being targeted by
           | any policy proposal that's been espoused by any mainstream
           | political candidate from any party in the United States, the
           | issue has been and continues to be discussed only in the
           | terms of people who immigrated to the United States illegally
           | either via violating the terms of their visa, fraudulently
           | receiving a visa, or crossing the border without a visa.
           | 
           | Please tone down your hyperbole.
        
       | dzink wrote:
       | Brain work for me is like muscles for others - if I don't squeeze
       | out every ounce of energy from my brain with problems all day, I
       | feel like I haven't lived a full day. Many people prefer good
       | workouts instead, if they don't their body is punitive with
       | restlessness and sleeplessness. Code is my infinite playground
       | but others won't touch it - despite me trying to convince them
       | for years. They would rather work in the sun, or with other
       | people, or in a busy environment.
       | 
       | People filter themselves into jobs they would rather do, when
       | they have awareness of the possibilities. With social media that
       | awareness is increasing.
       | 
       | I've had friends who had the definition of blue collar standing
       | job and chose to transition to nursing, which is another standing
       | job.
       | 
       | Immigration status and lack of language skills may tie you to
       | standing jobs, but if people want to learn and grow out of them,
       | in the US there are pathways. If someone curates a course on
       | career pathways via youtube and spreads them through immigration
       | centers and schools and social programs that will help even more
       | people find their way.
       | 
       | I find healthcare workers to be an interesting mix in this
       | discussion. Their work is extremely physical and mental, and
       | emotionally draining. Demand for it will only go up. Compensation
       | for it will likely go up. Who picks up the jobs will be
       | enlightening. Yes you have the bottleneck for doctor and nurse
       | training, but CNA and PA are not as limited. Doctor liability is
       | an extreme source of stress, but that somehow doesn't apply to
       | nurses as much, so even doctors recommend their kids become
       | nurses.
        
         | Swizec wrote:
         | > Brain work for me is like muscles for others - if I don't
         | squeeze out every ounce of energy from my brain with problems
         | all day, I feel like I haven't lived a full day. Many people
         | prefer good workouts instead, if they don't their body is
         | punitive with restlessness and sleeplessness.
         | 
         | I need both.
         | 
         | Too little brain work and my thoughts are racing
         | (unproductively) and my sleep needs fall down to ~4h (happens
         | on vacation) which isn't actually enough to make me feel
         | rested.
         | 
         | Too little physical activity and I'm restless and can't focus,
         | can't sleep, and generally stuff falls apart.
        
           | throwaway2037 wrote:
           | I, too, was surprised by this part:                   > Many
           | people prefer good workouts instead
           | 
           | _instead_ -- as if this was a binary case: either /or.
           | 
           | The secret to understanding exercise is knowing that there
           | are both physical and mental benefits.
        
           | emptiestplace wrote:
           | > I need both.
           | 
           | Definitely. We all do.
        
             | marcosdumay wrote:
             | Well, to varying amounts. And with varying limitations.
             | 
             | But yeah, it's not a dichotomy.
        
         | emptiestplace wrote:
         | Physical activity is integral to optimal cognitive function and
         | mental performance. Sedentary lifestyles impair our
         | intellectual capabilities regardless of natural talent or
         | education. Research shows regular exercise enhances memory,
         | focus, creativity, and stress management - all crucial for
         | professional success. Healthcare workers actually demonstrate
         | this mind-body connection well: their physically demanding jobs
         | support rather than detract from the complex mental work they
         | perform.
        
         | rpastuszak wrote:
         | (obv. I don't know you or your routine, whether you move often
         | by default or are not neurotypical, YMMV)
         | 
         | In case you haven't done that before: I suggest an experiment
         | where you try to have a moderate amount of exercise (w few min
         | in zone 2 cardio) before or during a break at work. Do it for
         | 2-3 weeks and see if there's a difference in your cognitive
         | performance.
         | 
         | I'm saying that not only because:
         | 
         | - there's scientific consensus that lack of exercise negatively
         | impacts our cognitive abilities. Your thought sponge is a part
         | of your body; our minds and bodies are not separate systems. *
         | 
         | - At some point I realised I was used to my default mental
         | state (or performance, so to speak), and never noticed how much
         | _better_ I could feel /think after including more exercise in
         | my life.
         | 
         | * many people would agree that Descartes and mind-body dualism
         | is to blame here, at least partially.
        
         | TomasBM wrote:
         | Although I can appreciate your point about having some 'innate'
         | desire for an activity like coding, I think this desire is just
         | one of many factors in choice of work.
         | 
         | My own anecdotal experience is that because of several factors,
         | I had to explore many things before I could figure out that I
         | can actually learn to code, enjoy it, create useful things and
         | be (relatively) good at it. All of this was necessary to
         | actually be able to produce some code for a living.
         | 
         | Here's a list of some of the factors that may affect your
         | desire, aside from some innate interest and intelligence:
         | 
         | - Having access to a computer at an early age and in the
         | formative period
         | 
         | - Parental interest in computing and/or STEM
         | 
         | - Parental understanding of computing and/or STEM (informal
         | tutoring)
         | 
         | - Parental pressure/expectations to pursue computing and/or
         | STEM
         | 
         | - Learning disabilities (ADHD, dyslexia, numeracy)
         | 
         | - Introversion/extraversion
         | 
         | - Visible role models in STEM
         | 
         | - Addictions (gaming, social media, TV)
         | 
         | - Effective teaching of math and computing concepts as a
         | jumping board
         | 
         | - Knowledge of English (given that most programming concepts
         | were defined in English first)
         | 
         | - Early successes and/or rewards in coding/STEM as opposed to
         | non-STEM
         | 
         | - Social valuation of programmers and STEM (i.e., "nerds")
         | 
         | - Parental socioeconomic status
         | 
         | - Number of siblings (e.g., with respect to competition or
         | pressure to leave home early)
         | 
         | - False beliefs ("I'll never be good at math/coding")
         | 
         | - Learning consistency and discipline (i.e., spaced repetition)
         | 
         | - Knowledge of how to learn difficult subjects effectively
         | 
         | - Recognition of fun or social usefulness of coding (with
         | respect to any other pursuit)
         | 
         | - Understanding of implications of choosing particular options
         | (e.g., college prep, career progression) instead of others, at
         | particular stages in life (12-18 years old, with family)
         | 
         | - Familial duties (caring for a parent/sibling, having kids
         | early)
         | 
         | - Sunk cost fallacy (i.e., 3rd year medical school, working vs
         | going back to school)
         | 
         | Again, intelligence and innate desire will play a role, but I
         | think there is nothing genetic about loving to look at some
         | text on a computer. Personally, I met enough intelligent
         | people, STEM and non-STEM, who think they should've just
         | developed a desire for programming because they're burned out,
         | exploited, fatigued and/or underpaid. These aren't implications
         | most could predict when they made significant career choices.
        
           | fblp wrote:
           | This is an outstanding comprehensive list, how did you come
           | up with it?
        
       | _thisdot wrote:
       | There is just one problem. It'd have been good if they asked for
       | your country before the questionnaire. $30,000 salary for a
       | Software Developer seems less in America, but that is huge in
       | some other countries
        
         | j7ake wrote:
         | I think the questions assumed USA
        
       | unnouinceput wrote:
       | Quote: "America got rich selling cotton picked by enslaved Black
       | people"
       | 
       | I stopped there. I am here to read news about tech, not
       | propaganda lies. Also flagged this.
        
         | lelandbatey wrote:
         | The south literally tried to secede over exactly that state of
         | affairs, starting the USA civil war. Not particularly
         | controversial...
        
           | Danieru wrote:
           | The issue is that only the south got rich. Not "America".
           | 
           | The north got rich off factories and wage earning labour. To
           | equate the wealth of America to the south is a falsehood. And
           | not a helpful one. It misleads you into missing the travesty
           | of slavery: it did not build a nation. It gave leisure to a
           | couple lucky families at the expense of hundreds per
           | plantation.
           | 
           | The industry and wage earning of the north is what built
           | America.
        
             | relaxing wrote:
             | So the South produced cheap goods... where did they go? Who
             | benefitted from being able to buy underpriced agricultural
             | products?
        
             | greenie_beans wrote:
             | > The industry and wage earning of the north is what built
             | America.
             | 
             | uhhh... who is gonna tell him? that those industries in the
             | north imported goods from the south.
        
             | Der_Einzige wrote:
             | The white liberal has been attacked way too hard throughout
             | history despite literally being the good guy of history for
             | hundreds of years. I'm so glad to see us finally defending
             | our heritage. John Brown was a white liberal and a lot of
             | black people cite him as "the realist white man who ever
             | lived".
             | 
             | Americas racism was primarily southerners being racist. It
             | took white liberals to liberate everyone else, and we have
             | to thank and celebrate the white liberal, not shit on them
             | yet again.
        
           | unnouinceput wrote:
           | You missed my point. US was not rich due to slavery, quite
           | the contrary, after abolishing slavery, after (sic!) civil
           | war, it became no. 1 economy in 1871.
           | 
           | Here is the list of GPD countries in 1861, before the start
           | of civil war:
           | 
           | 1 - China - $199.6 billion
           | 
           | 2 - India - $125.7 billion
           | 
           | 3 - United Kingdom - $85.8 billion
           | 
           | 4 - France - $72.3 billion
           | 
           | 5 - Germany (Prussia and other states) - $52.4 billion
           | 
           | 6 - Russian Empire - $49.6 billion
           | 
           | 7 - United States - $44.2 billion
           | 
           | 8 - Japan - $33.0 billion
           | 
           | 9 - Austria-Hungary - $30.1 billion
           | 
           | 10 - Ottoman Empire - $17.5 billion
           | 
           | Source: https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/development/the-world-
           | economy_...
        
             | greenie_beans wrote:
             | have you ever heard of jim crow? and also hockey stick
             | growth? hockey stick growth is the common hacker news
             | ideology, i know you know what i'm talking about.
        
         | asynchronous wrote:
         | What caught me out was the random argument that undocumented
         | (see: illegal) immigrants should receive social security
         | benefits. By the very definition of how documentation works
         | this would be impossible, so I'm assuming the author is
         | advocating for extending citizenship en-masse.
        
           | Micanthus wrote:
           | Yet until 1996, any worker who payed into social security
           | (which includes many undocumented immigrants) was entitled to
           | its benefits. The source the author linked makes this clear.
           | 
           | > When the Social Security program began paying benefits in
           | 1940, there were no restrictions on benefit payments to
           | noncitizens.
           | 
           | > In 1996, Congress approved tighter restrictions on the
           | payment of Social Security benefits to aliens residing in the
           | United States. The Personal Responsibility and Work
           | Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA)23 prohibited
           | the payment of Social Security benefits to aliens in the
           | United States who are not lawfully present, unless nonpayment
           | would be contrary to a totalization agreement or Section
           | 202(t) of the Social Security Act (the alien nonpayment
           | provision).24 This provision became effective for
           | applications filed on or after September 1, 1996.
           | Subsequently, the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant
           | Responsibility Act of 199625 added Section 202(y) to the
           | Social Security Act. Section 202(y) of the act, which became
           | effective for applications filed on or after December 1,
           | 1996, states, "Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no
           | monthly benefit under [Title II of the Social Security Act]
           | shall be payable to any alien in the United States for any
           | month during which such alien is not lawfully present in the
           | United States as determined by the Attorney General."
           | 
           | https://www.everycrsreport.com/files/20161117_RL32004_1ac9e9.
           | ..
           | 
           | Also, many (maybe all?) documented non-citizen immigrants are
           | eligible for social security if they meet the other criteria,
           | so there's no reason to assume the author is arguing "for
           | extending citizenship en-masse". Nor even that they are
           | arguing for more visas being granted at all
        
           | swiftcoder wrote:
           | Keep in mind that "undocumented" is a term-of-art. They may
           | in practice be extremely well documented, in every regard
           | except for an active visa.
           | 
           | A significant portion of "illegal" immigration is folks who
           | have overstayed a legitimate work visa (and hence obtained a
           | social security number during the visa application process),
           | and there's also the whole bucket of folks who applied for a
           | social security card under the DACA (which protections have
           | since been mostly rescinded).
        
           | internet_points wrote:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illegal_immigration#Terminolog.
           | .. "undocumented" is a euphemism since "illegal immigrant"
           | sounds like the person is illegal (vs having done an illegal
           | action), but it has the unfortunate effect of leading to
           | exactly this kind of confusion.
           | 
           | So-called "undocumented immigrants" can be quite well
           | documented and even pay social security taxes:
           | https://www.marketplace.org/2019/01/28/undocumented-
           | immigran...
        
           | bpt3 wrote:
           | It's not random when you consider the clear motives behind
           | this visualization.
        
         | greenie_beans wrote:
         | this is the history of labor in america, therefore relevant in
         | an infographic that deals with the race and class dynamics of
         | labor. sorry that you got offended by the truth.
        
         | bpt3 wrote:
         | Yeah, I knew where this was going but did stick around long
         | enough to confirm it.
         | 
         | I guess there's a certain type of audience this works with, but
         | I'm not part of it.
        
         | l0t0b0r0s wrote:
         | What, you don't believe white people were rolling around in
         | chairs in the 1600s? lol.
        
       | PeterStuer wrote:
       | Do they include burnout and depression as injuries?
        
         | Terr_ wrote:
         | Reminds me of:
         | 
         | > Every friend I have with a job that involves picking up
         | something heavier than a laptop more than twice a week
         | eventually finds a way to slip something like this into
         | conversation: "Bro, you don't work hard. I just worked a
         | 4700-hour week digging a tunnel under Mordor with a
         | screwdriver."
         | 
         | > They have a point. Mordor sucks, and it's certainly more
         | physically taxing to dig a tunnel than poke at a keyboard
         | unless you're an ant. But, for the sake of the argument, can we
         | agree that stress and insanity are bad things? Awesome. Welcome
         | to programming.
         | 
         | https://www.stilldrinking.org/programming-sucks
        
           | ericmcer wrote:
           | I did a year of landscaping and did 6ish years at grocery
           | stores. Those jobs are 100% less stress and much more
           | enjoyable imo. If they paid the same I would switch in a
           | heartbeat.
           | 
           | When you get to the Senior+ level in software, the buck often
           | stops with you, and if you can't figure something out it can
           | be a big ego hit. I never woke up or went to sleep wondering
           | if I would be able to do landscaping or stock shelves the
           | next day, but I often fall asleep stressed about how to
           | architect something at work.
           | 
           | Ownership of problems is worth a lot of money, thats why CEOs
           | get paid so much. In most other jobs you can blame a chain of
           | managers and processes, but with engineering if you fail the
           | blame falls straight on you.
        
         | trabant00 wrote:
         | The reason they don't is they have a narrative they want to
         | push. The entire thing is deeply flawed, from sitting vs
         | standing when in fact it's white vs blue collar. There's plenty
         | of sitting blue collar jobs that are brutal. Then not
         | differentiating qualified vs unqualified blue collar work.
         | These days qualified blue collar has similar pay to white
         | collar and arguably more job security. But in the end there's
         | no point digging to deep, it's just another race bait.
        
       | ramon156 wrote:
       | When you do office work you get the "you're not really working"
       | 
       | When you do blue collar you get "you should've studied harder"
       | 
       | We never win, and sometimes accepting that is the right decision.
       | 
       | To not be loved is a simple mistake, to not love one another is a
       | fatal mistake.
        
         | ozim wrote:
         | Issue is "you should have learned harder" is always from office
         | workers.
         | 
         | Conversely "you're not really working" comes from blue collar
         | workers.
         | 
         | Both sentences are the same and they are usually used by
         | assholes from one or the other side that either feel attacked
         | or feel superior.
         | 
         | There is no intrinsic value in any of those statements besides
         | what it is saying about person using it - that person is an
         | asshole.
        
           | amaurose wrote:
           | I dont think it is as simple as that. Throwing everyone into
           | the a-hole pool is a rather simplistic approach, and a very
           | dismissive one at that. In particular, the first sentence is
           | often a reply to someone lamenting their situation, while the
           | second sentence is often a statement ment to insult upwards.
           | Context is important.
        
             | bumby wrote:
             | Maybe not assholes, but it is a pretty blatant status play.
             | By denigrating someone else's work you raise yourself up by
             | comparison. And while a lot of our psychological health is
             | tied to our relative status in society, that doesn't make
             | it healthy behavior.
             | 
             | Edit: it's also telling from a status standpoint that you
             | characterized the blue collar comment as "insulting
             | upwards." It would probably go a long way to avoiding those
             | types of comments in the first place if people didn't
             | implicitly think blue collar work is "below" white collar
             | work.
        
             | pc86 wrote:
             | Why is one of those better than the other?
        
               | ozim wrote:
               | Seems like amaurose would feel OK with dropping it on
               | someone who is nagging about his current life
               | circumstances while they could learn more.
               | 
               | Even if it is technically true - why would anyone
               | actually say that to someone?
        
           | jumping_frog wrote:
           | What do finance guys think about the other two? They are just
           | moving numbers up and down. Have finance guys ever built
           | anything brick by brick (digital bricks or physical bricks)
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/shorts/9_oWUI7Vo_M
        
         | 0xEF wrote:
         | Wisdom, right here. My position has one foot in the engineering
         | department and one on the factory floor. The engineers think
         | the factory workers are all troglodytes that just have to push
         | buttons, and the factory workers think the engineers don't do
         | anything but sit in front of the computer. Oddly, both believe
         | the other does not have to think because the machine/computer
         | does all the thinking for them, which is so far from the truth.
         | 
         | It all seems to grow from a Seed of Ignorance:; a complete lack
         | of understanding of what someone else's job actually entails,
         | coupled with the subjective measure of how difficult a thing is
         | which is largely based on our own narrow limitations and
         | experiences. It's a weed that grows easily and is difficult to
         | kill in the manufacturing sector.
        
           | diggan wrote:
           | > It's a weed that grows easily and is difficult to kill in
           | the manufacturing sector.
           | 
           | In my experience, it seems to apply to every sector out
           | there. I got started in a different industry than what I'm
           | active in now, and what you describe I have seen across any
           | type of job I've held.
        
           | jumping_frog wrote:
           | Then there are Excel collar workers who decide what gets
           | build in the first place or what needs to be downsized.
           | People in private equity decide which resource is worthy of
           | keeping or which needs to be let go.
        
           | kxrm wrote:
           | I wonder if there would be any benefit to allowing each to
           | take a peek into the other's world? I am not sure how it
           | could be done, but some way to allow them to try on the
           | other's role for a day so they can see a full picture of what
           | their co-workers do.
        
             | Der_Einzige wrote:
             | If most factory workers saw how little some office workers
             | worked, well, that UnitedHealth CEO shows what sometimes
             | happens in these situations...
        
               | TuringTourist wrote:
               | Somewhat ironically you are underestimating the amount of
               | effort it takes to be as universally reviled as that
               | person. Presumably because you, like most people, have
               | never been in that field.
        
               | 0xEF wrote:
               | This is a pretty ignorant attempt at a spicy take.
               | 
               | Before you can even have this conversation, you need to
               | define what "work" is and take into account the stressors
               | of that work, the abilities of the workers, etc. This
               | mentality of "us vs them" when someone wants to ask "who
               | works harder" accomplishes nothing aside from pointing
               | out disgruntled laborers who got suckered into punishing
               | jobs for laughable compensation.
               | 
               | It stems from this a twisted pride, typically from the
               | laborer side of things, that I have seen so many times
               | I've come to just expect it from them. The problem with
               | that stance is that it falls apart with any scrutiny,
               | after the laborer who wants to call someone else out for
               | "not working as hard as they do" realizes that they are
               | being exploited, which is nothing to be prideful about.
               | 
               | It's silly, as was your contribution to this
               | conversation. I recommend reframing it as each position
               | being important to the team, but requiring different
               | demands and skill sets to which different people can
               | contribute. It's not a competition and nobody wins by
               | trying to diminish the contribution of others.
        
               | gopalv wrote:
               | > If most factory workers saw how little some office
               | workers worked
               | 
               | The only morally acceptable form of bigotry in society is
               | against the lazy & stupid.
               | 
               | So if you want to hate, you need to turn everything into
               | one of those two things.
        
             | mianosm wrote:
             | This is a hard business decision to make as it doesn't
             | directly increase revenues and directly reduces
             | productivity.
             | 
             | Might be smart in many instances to do cross training, and
             | on the job perspective expanding, but at the end of the
             | day: it's usually better to let the animous live...and the
             | spice flow.
        
             | 0xEF wrote:
             | I've worked at companies on both ends of this spectrum, so
             | I can speak to this with some authority.
             | 
             | Company A(CA) had tons of open channels between sales,
             | engineering and machining. Sakes reps had to spend time
             | with the service dept every few months, helping with
             | repairs and what not. One sales guy opted to do it more
             | often because it helped him understand the products better,
             | which helped him sell. Engineering and machining were
             | constantly showing each other different things that could
             | improve production. We barely needed management, leavjng
             | them to focus on administrative crap nobody else wanted to
             | do. It was quite wonderful and remarkably effective. I miss
             | that job, actually.
             | 
             | Company B(CB) did the opposite. All departments, and I mean
             | _all_ had walls between them, both metaphorical and
             | physical. Department heads were the only conduits and they
             | were unreliable at moving info between depts, not to
             | mention reluctant to work with each other. Things
             | constantly had to be reworked, tons of money wasted on
             | parts nobody could use, quality assurance was always an
             | after-thought, etc. The company suffered and the customers
             | suffered more, but under all that was embitterment between
             | the engineers and the production team. Everyone felt
             | miserable and micromanaged to death. It was nonsense, and
             | even resulted in a short alternation just before I left the
             | company.
             | 
             | So, guess who is still in business? CA or CB? Both shops
             | are the same size and offered very similar products and
             | services. Those are just two of my examples, too. I've been
             | with a handful of shops for a long time, and the latter is
             | always a hellscape to work in.
        
           | relwin wrote:
           | In many Japanese companies entry level engineers were
           | required to work on a factory line for a few months before
           | being assigned their engineering job. This gave them
           | perspective on how their company makes money by
           | manufacturing, and what that activity entails. (this concept,
           | and my knowledge of Japanese companies may be outdated
           | now...)
        
           | graemep wrote:
           | There are people who find jobs that require very little work,
           | and its probably easier to find these jobs in offices. It
           | works very well with technical work that management do not
           | understand, and where output is difficult measure. its
           | possible that people on HN might know of some jobs that fit
           | this...
           | 
           | There are extreme cases, such as people dying and no one
           | realising that their work is not being done, and that is
           | rare, but a certain amount of slacking off, spending time of
           | social media, etc. is not at all uncommon.
        
           | munificent wrote:
           | You're exactly right about the seed of ignorance.
           | 
           | I wish there was a good term for it like we have "fundamental
           | attribution error" for that other pernicious cognitive
           | fallacy.
           | 
           | The core mistake is that believing that all _we_ know about
           | something is equivalent to _all there is to know_ about
           | something. So if you don 't know anything about welding, you
           | assume it must be brain-dead simple because _your knowledge_
           | of it is so tiny. If you don 't know anything about
           | engineering, you assume it's just pushing buttons.
           | 
           | It's not just about people's jobs, either. It shows up
           | _everywhere_ once you start looking for it.
        
           | Hikikomori wrote:
           | This explains managers perfectly.
        
         | atoav wrote:
         | You can't please everyone -- and even more important: Some
         | people just _love_ to complain for the sake of it. I suspect
         | they put themselves above others that way.  "Shit I could sit
         | in that warm office" becomes "You are lazy" or else they have
         | to question their life choices. Vice versa "Shit I could do
         | something less boring" becomes "But I have learned more" for
         | similar reasons. Grass is always greener..
         | 
         | My experience as someone who needs to do both is that often
         | "game recognizes game", so great office workers will appreciate
         | great blue collar workers and vice versa -- _if_ given the
         | chance.
         | 
         | Every blue collar worker had situations where they had to wait
         | because some lazy office bum that had to give them paperwork
         | would rather chat with their collegues than do their job.
         | 
         | And every white collar worker had situation where a
         | craftsperson communicated in single word fragments, went off
         | and was seen to smoke cigarettes for half the time only to
         | write them down as work hours while leaving things broken
         | afterwards.
         | 
         | The only thing capable blue/white collar workers hate more than
         | that is uncapable people on their own side.
        
         | devjab wrote:
         | I don't think people saying these things are inherently wrong.
         | "Not working" is obviously wrong because using brain is work,
         | and it's exhausting work in many cases. The flip-side, and this
         | is probably what is meant, is that you don't break your body
         | doing it. Similarly it's obviously silly to think a higher
         | education is necessary for a good working life. A lot of
         | independent contractors and trades people have some really cool
         | jobs that most office workers would be jealous of. Again what
         | is meant is the perception that not having a higher education
         | leads to a poorer life, which it can, but doesn't have to.
         | 
         | I think that especially calling white collars out as not doing
         | real work is often lovingly. It can be said by assholes, but
         | the language around physical labour is often "tough love". I'm
         | not sure calling blue collar workers unfulfilled is very often
         | lovingly though, so I think most people who do that are
         | assholes.
         | 
         | What is interesting in the debate to me, is that I see a lot of
         | IT work as blue collar work. Not all of it, but a lot of what
         | we do is basically trade-skill related similar to how plumbing
         | is. It's just no physical. Over all though, I think it's best
         | to spend very little time on people who actually mean it
         | hatefully when they call you X. Who cares what assholes think?
        
           | michaelt wrote:
           | _> What is interesting in the debate to me, is that I see a
           | lot of IT work as blue collar work._
           | 
           | Society has loads of edge cases like this.
           | 
           | I broke my arm a few years back, went to hospital, and a
           | surgeon put some titanium plates and screws in. The
           | orthopaedic surgeon spends a lot of the day standing, they
           | repeat similar work every day with minor variations, they
           | can't work remotely, they're exposed to hazardous chemicals,
           | they have face-to-face interactions with customers, they earn
           | money by working rather than from investments or inheritance,
           | they're union members, they get paid overtime, they wear blue
           | employer-issued workwear, many do shift work, and they
           | literally put in screws for a living.
           | 
           | And yet nobody would say surgeons are blue collar workers.
           | 
           | Maybe because of the $500k salaries, or the air-conditioned
           | hospitals they work in, or because their status is equivalent
           | to doctors who are pretty much the definition of upper-
           | middle-class tie-wearing knowledge workers.
        
             | sarchertech wrote:
             | > they're union members, they get paid overtime
             | 
             | Very few surgeons are union members. They frequently work
             | for outside groups and are paid per procedure. The ones
             | that do work for the hospital on salary don't get overtime.
             | 
             | >status is equivalent to doctors
             | 
             | They are doctors. Both in title and in function. Most
             | surgeons only operate a couple days a week. The rest of
             | their time they see patients in clinic, and an outside
             | observer couldn't tell the difference between their work
             | environment and a primary care physician's.
             | 
             | You are onto something though. My wife is an ER doctor and
             | her job is very similar to blue collar service jobs (if you
             | consider service jobs blue collar).
             | 
             | She doesn't make her own schedule. She works insane shifts
             | (one day she could work 7a-4p, the next 10p-7a). She
             | interacts with patients directly all day.
             | 
             | The pay is a lot better, but the hours are worse than any
             | retail job I've ever heard of, and you can't call in sick.
             | Her coworker was sick and could barely get out of bed, but
             | she came in early to have a nurse give her an IV so she
             | could power through her shift--that kind of thing is very
             | common.
             | 
             | Plus you have the ultimate responsibility for every patient
             | that comes through the door. You have to make sure you
             | don't miss anything serious every time--while at the same
             | time, making sure that you don't spend too much time with
             | each patient. And the ER you're working in is full because
             | the floor is too full to admit new patients but the ER
             | can't just shut the door, so patients are boarding in the
             | halls.
             | 
             | Oh and if you mess up, you can literally lose your house
             | when a jury awards someone more than your malpractice
             | insurance will cover.
        
               | pc86 wrote:
               | They're going to be members of the American Medical
               | Association and likely at least one of the American
               | Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons, the American Board of
               | Orthopedic Surgeons, and/or the American Council for
               | Graduate Medical Education. The difference between these
               | organizations and unions pretty much starts and ends with
               | "negotiate collectively with your employer directly"
               | because they all (especially the AMA and ACGME) act to
               | keep salaries and prestige high.
               | 
               | They're not a union member the same way a teacher, police
               | officer, or steam fitter is but they're not as far
               | removed as your typical programmer, for example.
        
               | worik wrote:
               | The American Medical Association, American Academy of
               | Orthopedic Surgeons, the American Board of Orthopedic
               | Surgeons, and the American Council for Graduate Medical
               | Education are all unions
               | 
               | Powerful unions
        
               | sarchertech wrote:
               | None of those are unions. They are lobbying organizations
               | and certification bodies.
               | 
               | The vast majority of doctors aren't even members of the
               | AMA.
        
               | sarchertech wrote:
               | Less than 20% of practicing physicians are members of the
               | AMA.
               | 
               | As for medical specialty boards, getting board certified
               | is much more like an engineer passing the PE exam than
               | joining a union.
               | 
               | Also collective bargaining with your employer is the
               | primary benefit of joining a union, and the primary
               | purpose of joining a union. Without that function a union
               | would be unrecognizable to the average union member.
        
               | greentxt wrote:
               | All doctors,like all lawyers, are in a union in the sense
               | that they cannot operate without approval from their
               | peers. It's collusion by labor, but with patient outcomes
               | being the supposed concern rather than pay (though
               | obviously it is also precisely why doctors and lawyers
               | get paid so much).
        
           | HPsquared wrote:
           | Using the brain can be especially hard work because you can't
           | let your mind wander. You're giving over more of yourself to
           | the employer.
        
             | giraffe_lady wrote:
             | I've done a lot of blue collar work too and construction
             | and line cooking are not in my experience more conducive to
             | daydreaming than programming is. I assume nearly all
             | workers are fully engaged.
        
           | astura wrote:
           | >"Not working" is obviously wrong because using brain is
           | work, and it's exhausting work in many cases.
           | 
           | "Exhausting work," lol.
           | 
           | The only people who say nonsense like this are the people
           | who've never done manual labor for a living. I've done both
           | and there's just no comparison of exhaustion levels.
        
             | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
             | Dude.
             | 
             | I live on a horse farm. My day starts and ends with heavy
             | manual labor working around animals that can kill me in an
             | instant if they're in a bad mood or I have the misfortune
             | to get in the middle of a beef between two of them. Most of
             | yesterday, the temperature was in the single digits
             | Fahrenheit with wind gusts to 50mph.
             | 
             | I'm also a programmer. There are some days I couldn't tell
             | you which of the two jobs is the more exhausting.
        
               | 1832 wrote:
               | Its the first one
        
             | munificent wrote:
             | Is it so hard for you to respond with empathy instead of
             | scorn?
             | 
             | I've also done both and each can leave me profoundly
             | exhausted in very different ways. Neither flavor of
             | exhaustion is worse than the other, just different.
        
         | analog31 wrote:
         | Do people really think like that? I don't. I'd be ill-suited to
         | most office jobs and most blue-collar jobs. I tend to think
         | "you should have better labor laws, workplace safety, safety
         | net, health care, education..."
        
         | Roark66 wrote:
         | Yeah, add to that the famous Elon Musk's troll quote, "working
         | from home is unethical, because other people can't all work
         | from home - think about all the people growing your food etc".
         | Yeah, Am I also supposed to feel bad because I work normal
         | working hours and others work at night? What about the people
         | that have to lift heavy objects all day and do back breaking
         | labour, and I "sit or stand at my desk all day". How about
         | those that have a 3h commute while I walked to work from my
         | city center apartment (back when I did work on site).
         | 
         | People will always find something to beat you over the head
         | with. The most important thing is not to let them infect you
         | with their negativity.
        
           | randomdata wrote:
           | _> think about all the people growing your food etc_
           | 
           | Did he really say that? Farmers are the original WFH-ers.
        
           | amaurose wrote:
           | Humility doesn't hurt anyone.
        
         | HPsquared wrote:
         | When you are self-employed it's "you couldn't handle a real
         | job"
        
         | Aunche wrote:
         | "Lot's of people have tough lives, and things like minimum wage
         | can help these people," is something I can potentially get
         | behind. "You're a privileged sitter. Your kind control society
         | yet refuse minimum wage increases, demonstrating a lack of
         | empathy" just alienates me. I struggle to understand this the
         | benefit of this framing outside of in-group virtue signalling.
        
           | diggan wrote:
           | Frustrated people use frustrated language, sometimes we have
           | to be able to see past that. As someone who used to live
           | below minimum wage, but haven't in a long time, I guess it's
           | easier for me to understand why people get frustrated enough
           | to use emotional language, as it's (seemingly or actually)
           | affecting their daily life at every turn, and they see others
           | around them get richer and richer.
           | 
           | Ironically enough, that you cannot see past the emotional
           | language and describe the quote as "alienating me" also
           | demonstrate an lack of empathy for me, but I guess that's
           | beyond the topic.
        
             | wang_li wrote:
             | The use of "frustrated" language demonstrates no self
             | reflection and recognition of the fact that why someone
             | earns a low wage is because they have chosen not to improve
             | themselves and they have a large amount of envy about other
             | people's lives. The takers love to ignore the past and only
             | look at this instant moment and complain about how unfair
             | it is.
             | 
             | Ironically, the people who say "you're selfish and greedy
             | if you don't give me the money you earned" and "you have no
             | empathy" have no empathy or consideration for the people
             | they want to take from.
        
               | diggan wrote:
               | > The use of "frustrated" language demonstrates no self
               | reflection and recognition
               | 
               | I feel like that extrapolating a lot from someone who
               | just emotionally doesn't feel well.
               | 
               | > the fact that someone earns a low wage is because they
               | have chosen not to improve themselves
               | 
               | I don't think you understand how poverty works (in most
               | countries at least). Have you ever lived close to the
               | poverty line and/or earned below minimum wage?
               | 
               | > you're selfish and greedy if you don't give me the
               | money you earned [...] the people they want to take from
               | 
               | No one says this, but at least that you wrote this makes
               | it clear that you don't want to engage in a discussion in
               | good faith.
        
               | wang_li wrote:
               | >Have you ever lived close to the poverty line and/or
               | earned below minimum wage?
               | 
               | Yes. I grew up in poverty in an area far from any big
               | cities in the '70s and '80s. We only had eggs and meat
               | because we raised chickens and rabbits. Half my calories
               | during the summer months came from the garden.
               | 
               | >No one says this, but at least that you wrote this makes
               | it clear that you don't want to engage in a discussion in
               | good faith.
               | 
               | I paraphrased. What was actually said was "I hate living
               | in a country where everyone is greedy and don't want to
               | support the poor and homeless."
               | 
               | > you don't want to engage in a discussion in good faith.
               | 
               | Your comment ended in a way that demonstrated no interest
               | in a good faith discussion. Preemptively telling the
               | people who disagree with you that they have no empathy is
               | a sure-fire way to guarantee that tone of response.
               | 
               | E: Both your comments so far in this subthread are
               | predicated on invalidating the opinions of other because
               | you assert they don't have the right life experiences to
               | know how it is.
        
             | Aunche wrote:
             | Ironically, I don't think it's usually the frustrated
             | minimum wage earners using this holier than thou language.
             | It's generally journalists and academics, and indeed the
             | author is a former journalism professor. When someone
             | struggling to get by does say something that I think is
             | ridiculous like "eat the rich", I keep my judgement at a
             | minimum.
             | 
             | > Ironically enough, that you cannot see past the emotional
             | language and describe the quote as "alienating me" also
             | demonstrate an lack of empathy for me
             | 
             | I wouldn't be surprised if I actually have below-average
             | empathy, but unfortunately for you, people like us still
             | get to vote, and shame isn't a great way to get support on
             | controversial issues. Anyways, your choice in language has
             | real utility, so it's not really a matter of whether or not
             | I'm empathetic. I support welfare as a social safety net,
             | but not welfare solely for the sake of redistribution of
             | wealth. If the political camp that is advocating for
             | welfare is using language that suggests the second purpose
             | of welfare, then I'm less inclined to support them.
        
           | mzmzmzm wrote:
           | Both of kinds of language describe the same reality? The
           | first sounds aspirational, and the second acknowledges where
           | power lies. Maybe you would feel less alienated if you put
           | effort into organizing to raise the minimum wage, for
           | example.
        
         | jerf wrote:
         | If you define "win" as "everyone likes and agrees with me", it
         | is true you will never "win".
         | 
         | I would suggest putting in the time to find a different
         | definition of "win" for your life, rather than accepting it.
        
         | Cthulhu_ wrote:
         | > When you do office work you get the "you're not really
         | working"
         | 
         | > When you do blue collar you get "you should've studied
         | harder"
         | 
         | Do you really though? I know there's a lingering sentiment from
         | somewhere, but at the same time... I don't recognise this
         | sentiment at all, neither from personal experience nor
         | anecdotal from diverse / random people on the internet in 2024.
        
           | shortstuffsushi wrote:
           | In my own experience, I'm the oldest of five and was very
           | much pushed to go to college in a family where my dad, his
           | brothers, and one of my brothers are carpenters. Another of
           | my brothers is a manual machinist. On this side of things,
           | there is a continuous stream of "I can't imagine sitting at a
           | desk all day and dealing with those sorts of people."
           | (because office people are wimps and having less than a
           | yelling, swearing disagreement is unthinkable)
           | 
           | On the other side of things, because I still do a lot of that
           | sort of "trade work" to help out friends since it's my
           | background, I get a lot of "how do you know how to do all
           | this, aren't you glad you went to school and don't have to do
           | this every day, have you tried to convince your family to go
           | back to school?" (and of course, the republicans are bad /
           | dumb undertones, even present in the linked article)
        
         | indoordin0saur wrote:
         | You could be an engineer doing something physical like
         | construction or mechanical engineering? Advanced degree and
         | high pay but you spend plenty of time doing real tangible
         | stuff. Also, there's obvious stuff like surgeons: highly
         | respected and you're doing physical work.
        
         | paulddraper wrote:
         | > We never win
         | 
         | You never win everything simultaneously, yes.
        
       | eru wrote:
       | I solve this dilemma with a standing desk.
       | 
       | (But I've yet to upgrade to a treadmill desk.)
        
         | mavamaarten wrote:
         | I have a standing desk. I seriously need to force myself to use
         | it, though. The last time it's been moved up is about a month
         | ago.
        
           | greenie_beans wrote:
           | my trick: start the day standing and try to stand for as long
           | as i can. i usually stay standing til my lunchtime walk and
           | when i get back from my walk i still have energy to stand. if
           | i sit then my focus wanes.
        
       | amaurose wrote:
       | From about:
       | 
       | > Visual storytelling makes ideas more accessible
       | 
       | From an a11y standpoint, that statement is very ironic. Because
       | for visually impaired people, the effect is the opposite of what
       | the sentence claims.
        
         | lexlambda wrote:
         | Accessible as in "better to understand", helping with bringing
         | the idea to a more general audience.
         | 
         | A lot of people are uninterested in long texts or in this case
         | parts of the expected audience might also have literacy issues.
        
       | shark1 wrote:
       | They forgot to mention that the number one cause of death is a
       | disease associated with by a lack of physical activity or
       | prolonged periods of sitting or inactivity.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_causes_of_death_by_rat...
        
       | internet_points wrote:
       | > Standers are more likely to be _exposed to the outdoors_ --
       | something that will become more and more dangerous as our planet
       | warms.
       | 
       | Feels almost absurd to see that framed as (just) a bad thing. (I
       | would think Sitters are more likely to be exposed to the indoors,
       | which includes a lack of sunlight and fresh air, possible
       | exposure to mold and bad ventilation, and heated arguments over
       | hot-desking.)
        
         | AlfredBarnes wrote:
         | I was getting consistent headaches at work, and attributed it
         | to my coworkers being obnoxious. Then I brought in an air
         | quality monitor, turns out my building had some serious
         | ventilation issues, and there was not clean air at my desk.
        
         | lexlambda wrote:
         | Thought the same. It is clear that this presentation is
         | definetely biased towards showing the problems of standing
         | workers, as there haven't been any negative options about
         | sitting presented.
         | 
         | Unfortunately, while medically known and even legislated
         | (forced breaks), problems of sitting workers are still widely
         | ignored (often by themselves too) until too late or
         | trivialized.
        
       | nmeofthestate wrote:
       | I felt like I was being preached to by an ideologue, with some
       | meh animated charts thrown in to sweeten the pill.
        
       | putzdown wrote:
       | There is one other analysis that would, I suspect, adjust the
       | OP's conclusions: age. Hypothesis: sitters vs standers, and other
       | measures of the quality of the job (danger, flexibility...)
       | correlate substantially with the age of the worker. As you go
       | from your teens to 20s to 30s and beyond you tend on average to
       | get better jobs. It's not absolute, but I bet it's a very strong
       | trend, perhaps stronger than racial factors. That's a hypothesis
       | I wish this analysis examined.
        
         | pc86 wrote:
         | They were too busy making weird barely coherent points like
         | "someday it will be too hot to venture outside" and "America is
         | rich because of black people and the Chinese."
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | Source? The two claims you listed have some elements of truth
           | behind them, so without seeing the exact claim made, it's
           | impossible to tell whether you're giving an uncharitable
           | summary, or they're actually making absurd claims.
        
             | madebylaw wrote:
             | The source is the actual FA dude.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | Are you talking about
               | 
               | >Standers are more likely to be exposed to the outdoors--
               | something that will become more and more dangerous as our
               | planet warms.
               | 
               | and
               | 
               | >America got rich selling cotton picked by enslaved Black
               | people. America built the Transcontinental Railroad with
               | Chinese immigrant labor, only to ban Chinese immigration
               | a few decades later. And America feeds itself with
               | animals killed and processed by Black and Hispanic
               | meatpackers.
               | 
               | ? If so, I'm not sure how either of those points are
               | "barely coherent", and the characterization made by the
               | gp is a gross misrepresentation of site's claims.
        
           | tetnis wrote:
           | America was built by X. Why doesn't the X's country look like
           | America? >.<
        
       | golol wrote:
       | All I see is trivialities.
        
       | layer8 wrote:
       | So this is not about male toilet use.
        
       | mouse_ wrote:
       | I hate how everything on this site is constantly and slowly
       | moving.
        
       | spongebobism wrote:
       | Why are speech pathologists more often injured or ill than
       | ambulance drivers, police officers and freight agents? That does
       | not at all match my idea of that line of work.
        
         | tristor wrote:
         | Because speech pathologists are generally working with patients
         | that have mental issues, speech issues are generally
         | neurological, and those patients may not have the same
         | emotional self-regulation and self-control as the average
         | person and may act violently.
         | 
         | That said, I wouldn't consider it a particularly "dangerous"
         | job. It's just that, despite the popular discourse, jobs like
         | being a police officer are also really not that dangerous
         | either. When the effect size is small it doesn't take much
         | difference to be amplified in the data. Being a roofer is far
         | more dangerous than being a police officer, even though that's
         | not the typical mainstream narrative, as an example.
        
       | claytongulick wrote:
       | I think a more objective analysis would have been for skilled vs
       | unskilled labor, supply/demand and age stratified.
       | 
       | It seems like a pretty series of infographics that are oriented
       | towards some sort of narrative the creator is trying to impress
       | on folks, something about guilt and unfairness?
       | 
       | It seems like the author put in a lot of work in order to
       | demonstrate a thing that most people intuitively understand:
       | 
       | There's a large supply of unskilled or low skilled labor, so
       | wages are less and the jobs are crappier and more physically
       | demanding.
       | 
       | If you age stratify it, I feel pretty confident that you'd also
       | see a trend that shows that most physical labor is performed by
       | younger folks, and the percentage of their day spent doing
       | physical labor mostly decreases as they progress in their lives
       | and become more skilled.
       | 
       | I'm not talking just about desk jobs, I'm thinking (for example)
       | of an apprentice electrician vs master electrician. One of those
       | is going to get stuck doing the more physically demanding work
       | while the other is in more of a supervisory role.
        
       | l0t0b0r0s wrote:
       | cool website, but I dont appreciate the false notion that "
       | America got rich off of selling cotton picked by enslaved Black
       | people"
       | 
       | Also the people who created the philosophical concepts that made
       | the United States possible were all sitters.
        
       | m_herrlich wrote:
       | Great visualization but lost me at the end when it got a bit too
       | preachy. Turning socioeconomic issues into race issues doesn't
       | help anyone.
        
       | hyeonwho4 wrote:
       | Interesting that the reader is ranked in 2D space on dimensions
       | for which the reader provided a single bit of data ("Able to
       | pause work"). I wonder how those dimensions are inferred.
        
       | tetnis wrote:
       | thanks for injecting race into this!
        
       | m3047 wrote:
       | Very nice. My favorite definition of "blue collar vs white
       | collar" is whether you wash your hands before or after you use
       | the toilet. Not entirely true, but that's the gist of it.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-12-05 23:01 UTC)