[HN Gopher] Why America's economy is soaring ahead of its rivals
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Why America's economy is soaring ahead of its rivals
        
       Author : kvee
       Score  : 160 points
       Date   : 2024-12-04 05:53 UTC (17 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.ft.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.ft.com)
        
       | pfooti wrote:
       | https://archive.is/vt7sY
        
       | WalterBright wrote:
       | > the improvement was largely down to reconstruction efforts
       | partly funded by the US via the Marshall Plan
       | 
       | Most of the improvement was in Germany, which received far less
       | MP money than Britain and France.
       | 
       | Postwar prosperity correlates with the level of free markets.
       | Germany embraced free markets up until 1970, Britain and France
       | did not.
        
         | WhereIsTheTruth wrote:
         | They served as bases to spread the American culture through
         | music and cinema and later with the industry through the coal
         | and steel community, to create a single and unified market
         | 
         | The US did not want to create competition, but to break
         | monopolies and to create a unified market for its industrial
         | complex
         | 
         | The remnants of that goal are visible today with Big Tech
        
           | ashoeafoot wrote:
           | That manchester capitalism with different decorations
           | rhetoric does not hold up to scrutiny. In particular when you
           | hold it against current examples of economic colonialism like
           | the chines lend & own campaign in Africa .
        
             | almaight wrote:
             | Without an army or control over territory, it cannot reach
             | the level of colonization. African countries often default
             | on their debts.
        
               | ashoeafoot wrote:
               | The army is provided by the local dictator or by playing
               | different ethnic groups against one another.Britain never
               | had enough soldiers to conquer India , but india had.
               | Same for Russia .
        
           | WalterBright wrote:
           | My dad was part of the occupation of postwar Germany.
           | 
           | The bases were there to protect Germany against the Soviets.
           | 
           | I remember once on the autobahn around 1970, and a fighter
           | came by hedgehopping at high speed. He was a few feet off the
           | ground, and looked like just under Mach 1. The citizens
           | didn't particularly like the noise and disruption, but they
           | understood the need for the Air Force to train hard.
           | 
           | I also remember touring East Berlin (yes, _East_ Berlin) in
           | 1969. Going through Checkpoint Charlie and seeing the Wall is
           | plenty convincing of the need for the US military being
           | there.
           | 
           | France, on the other hand, didn't much care for the US
           | military bases and wound up pushing them out.
           | 
           | BTW, the US Military was pretty thorough in making sure US
           | personnel and military families behaved like guests in
           | Germany, as they _were_ invited guests. Ever since the Berlin
           | Airlift, the US was friends with Germany.
           | 
           | The Americanization of Germany came later. I recall visiting
           | a shopping mall in Germany in the 2000's, and you could not
           | tell you were in Germany rather than in any suburb in
           | America. Shopping malls did not exist there in 1970.
        
             | Dalewyn wrote:
             | >BTW, the US Military was pretty thorough in making sure US
             | personnel and military families behaved like guests in
             | Germany, as they were invited guests. Ever since the Berlin
             | Airlift, the US was friends with Germany.
             | 
             | All the more sad that the chief component of Japanese
             | animosity towards Japan-stationed US forces are sexual
             | crimes, particularly in Okinawa where the Marines
             | especially don't seem to know how to keep their dicks in
             | their pants. There have been at least two incidents just
             | this year if I recall, and that's just of the ones we know.
             | 
             | I really can't blame the locals wanting Americans to get
             | the fuck out, security be damned.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | That is indeed sad. Such crimes against the locals should
               | be severely punished.
               | 
               | I found out many years later that if I had committed a
               | crime like shoplifting in Germany, my father would have
               | been cashiered. The military took their guest status very
               | seriously. An officer who could not control his family
               | was not fit to be an officer.
        
               | adamc wrote:
               | Not saying that is good, but you really have to analyze
               | something like that in terms of rates, not anecdotes.
               | Everywhere you put people there are going to be
               | incidents.
               | 
               | I don't blame locals for feeling however they feel. It's
               | their country.
        
               | Dalewyn wrote:
               | >anecdotes
               | 
               | Just so we're clear, I'm talking about cold hard data and
               | the rate is "too many".
               | 
               | https://www.military.com/daily-news/2024/09/10/okinawa-
               | gover...
               | 
               | https://theintercept.com/2021/10/03/okinawa-sexual-
               | crimes-us...
               | 
               | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/feb/09/sexual-
               | assault...
        
               | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
               | Hey! soapland and the banana-show are a great time!
        
             | locallost wrote:
             | The US places its military worldwide out of its own
             | interest, not to protect anyone. That's a very rose colored
             | glasses interpretation of the past and the present you have
             | there.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | It's the opinion of my father who was in the early
               | occupation, and later was doing military planning work
               | with generals and such - all focused on repelling
               | possible Soviet invasion scenarios.
               | 
               | Protecting Germany's sovereignty also protected America's
               | interests. They were aligned.
               | 
               | Germany (like France could and did) could have expelled
               | the US military any time they wanted to.
        
               | mytailorisrich wrote:
               | Germany could not have expelled the US military. Germany
               | lost the war and was taken over by the US, they no longer
               | had a say.
               | 
               | France made sure to avoid an US occupation government and
               | rebuilt its own independent military. It could make a
               | choice.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | > they no longer had a say
               | 
               | "Sovereignty of the Federal Republic of Germany was
               | granted on May 5, 1955, by the formal end of the military
               | occupation of its territory"
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_status_of_Germany
               | 
               | When I lived near Luke AFB in the early 70's, Luke was
               | training Luftwaffe pilots to fly F-104 Starfighters. I
               | used to ride my bike onto the base and go to the flight
               | line, and watch those lawn darts take off. They'd get
               | halfway down the runway and light the afterburners!
               | Freakin' awesome. Oh I wanted to be a pilot soo bad.
               | 
               | An F-104 was little more than a pilot strapped to a
               | monster of a jet engine.
        
               | mytailorisrich wrote:
               | Meanwhile in the real world, when Washington DC talked
               | Bonn listened. Still applies today to some level.
               | 
               | Edit: Public opinion can also be shaped, not least after
               | the trauma of the Nazi period and in the midst of the
               | Cold War. Actual influence behind the scene is usually
               | not made known to public, and the influence of the US
               | over Germany has been overwhelming.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | I lived in Germany from 68-71. The Germans wanted us
               | there, because they were afraid of a Soviet invasion.
               | Wanting the US military there is quite different from the
               | US forcing themselves on them.
               | 
               | Not once living there did I ever get the impression that
               | the Germans felt the US presence was forced on them. They
               | appreciated that the US was there to keep the Red Army at
               | bay.
               | 
               | Of course, sometimes they'd complain about the Americans
               | having bad manners, usually justifiably, and sometimes
               | they'd envy the wealth of the Americans. I even attended
               | a German elementary school for a while, and nobody
               | bullied me because I was an American. I was even invited
               | by other students to their homes to play.
               | 
               | The US bases were of mutual benefit to the Germans and
               | the Americans.
        
               | daedrdev wrote:
               | Perhaps there was an aggressive imperialistic
               | authoritarian empire next door that had split germany in
               | two and run their half into the ground economically? No,
               | it must be that America is bad and this country had no
               | agency as you said
        
               | mytailorisrich wrote:
               | This is childish. I never made value judgements and just
               | pointed out that the reality is not what's sold to the
               | public in official stories (and that holds true
               | everywhere).
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | Evidence, please. I've provided mine, and my father was
               | "behind the scene". What's yours?
               | 
               | P.S. my father went from:
               | 
               | 1. bombing Germany in WW2
               | 
               | 2. being part of the military occupation in the early
               | 1950s.
               | 
               | 3. being part of NATO planning headquarters in Wiesbaden
               | in 68-71. This was not an occupying force
        
               | locallost wrote:
               | Germany after the war was an occupied country, split up
               | into various zones by their opponents in the war. There
               | is no fundamental difference in the way the US or the SU
               | setup their bases there. Sovereignty implies they had a
               | say in whether or not the US army is stationed there,
               | which I think is a ridiculous claim. Thus, as there was
               | no sovereignty, there was no sovereignty to protect.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | See my other reply, with receipts.
        
               | locallost wrote:
               | That in 1955 Germany had a realistic way of saying, we're
               | a sovereign country and don't want US troops on our soil?
               | 
               | But that in the end has nothing to do with my original
               | response, which was "the US sets up its bases out of its
               | own self interest". Even if those interests align, it
               | doesn't mean it's there to honor German wishes. If those
               | interests had not aligned, the US would've still stayed
               | there, this is as clear as the header of this page being
               | orange.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | After 1955, the Germans could have asked the US to leave.
               | The Germans weren't stupid, though. They had very good
               | reason to want the US military there. I've already
               | covered it in this thread.
               | 
               | Recall I've lived through that, and my father was pretty
               | involved in it in the military bases there. I've had
               | German friends, and been in their homes, and interacted
               | with them.
               | 
               | They were not "occupied" against their will.
        
               | FactKnower69 wrote:
               | Post more ahistorical propaganda!
        
               | kolinko wrote:
               | It can be both.
        
             | bluecheese452 wrote:
             | Not at all surprised that despite your years of railing
             | against socialism your dad was in the military. A true free
             | market would provide for its own defense, not steal from
             | taxpayers.
        
         | danielbln wrote:
         | Saying Germany embraced the free market is not correct. Germany
         | under Erhard had a social market economy (even during the
         | "Wirtschaftswunder*, the economic miracle). While some free
         | market principles were followed (price liberation, free trade)
         | and it was certainly more market liberal than France at the
         | time, it still came with substantial protection (universal
         | healthcare, strong labor protections and unions, anti monopoly
         | regulations etc.)
         | 
         | The situation back then was decidedly _not_ what the term "free
         | market" (of the libertarian variety) would imply today.
        
           | WalterBright wrote:
           | Nobody claimed it was a 100% free market. But it was quite a
           | bit more free than the other MP recipients. And the results
           | showed.
        
             | danielbln wrote:
             | Definitely, just wanted to make sure that no one who's
             | passing by your comment thinks that post-war Germany had
             | some gung ho modern definition style free market.
        
         | nitwit005 wrote:
         | East Germany did better than its peers in the Soviet block, and
         | West Germany did better than its peers outside of it.
         | 
         | People love to point at policy, because it's a thing we can
         | control, but the most important factors are often cultural
         | issues we both don't control, and don't entirely understand.
        
       | shiroiushi wrote:
       | The US is a great place to make a lot of money if you're lucky
       | and successful, but a terrible place to retire.
        
         | CalRobert wrote:
         | How so? Healthcare? FIRE seems much more attainable in the US
        
           | sameoldtune wrote:
           | Healthcare is just a word until you get into your sixties,
           | then it is a lifestyle
        
           | shiroiushi wrote:
           | Housing and healthcare costs are insane. When you're older,
           | you need a lot more healthcare (and you won't have that nice
           | insurance plan you had at your big company job when you were
           | working), and housing keeps getting more expensive, which is
           | a problem if you're on a fixed income. You could move to much
           | cheaper locales (i.e. rural areas), but those are "healthcare
           | deserts" where there's no competent doctors left and
           | hospitals are all closing left and right, plus when you're
           | infirm how exactly do you drive yourself? Living in a
           | walkable city (or any city really) is much more doable when
           | you're older for these practical reasons (less need to drive,
           | healthcare providers close by), but then you can't afford the
           | housing there.
        
             | anovikov wrote:
             | Housing in US is in fact one of the cheapest... everywhere,
             | measured as price per square foot as percentage of income.
             | Several times cheaper than in many countries and at least
             | somewhat cheaper than almost every single one, rich or
             | poor, democratic or authoritarian.
             | 
             | It's just that "normal" housing in the US is what's only
             | attainable to the very rich and only because they inherited
             | it, in most of Europe let's say: even 1% won't be able to
             | buy an equivalent of median new US single family house, in
             | EU - that 1% probably owns a similar or somewhat better
             | house but simply because they bought or built it
             | generations before.
        
               | sonzohan wrote:
               | Got a source for this? I'm only finding sources that
               | vehemently disagree, and say the only countries worse for
               | this are Portugal and Canada. Everywhere in the world is
               | better.
        
               | anovikov wrote:
               | That's probably because what you are googling is a ratio
               | of price of average house to average income... Which only
               | means that American houses are much much bigger and thus
               | more pricey, because Americans have many times more
               | disposable income per family than just about any nation
               | in the world.
               | 
               | But if you compare the price of the SAME sized house to
               | the average income, the situation is opposite. U.S. is
               | the 3rd best after Oman and Saudi Arabia. It's just that
               | Americans are not satisfied with houses even twice the
               | size of what people in many rich countries are happy
               | with.
               | 
               | https://www.numbeo.com/property-
               | investment/rankings_by_count...
        
               | jltsiren wrote:
               | American houses are large and unaffordable. The usual
               | term for a situation like that is inefficiency.
               | 
               | Price per square foot is not a very useful metric,
               | because neither utility nor construction costs scale
               | directly with the size of a house. A 3000 square foot
               | house is not 2x as good as a 1500 square foot house, and
               | it should not cost 2x as much to build. Roughly speaking,
               | walls are expensive, while making the rooms larger is
               | cheap. And bedrooms are cheap, while bathrooms are
               | expensive.
        
               | anovikov wrote:
               | I'd love to see your source. It's curious how can one
               | manipulate numbers so badly to arrive to this sort of
               | result.
        
             | kbrkbr wrote:
             | > "healthcare deserts"
             | 
             | Well, in Germany health care is affordable in terms of
             | cost. However, while 20 years ago you just went to a doctor
             | when you were sick, these days you will wait hours and
             | hours even at your family physician's crowded waiting room.
             | You need a specialist? 6 months if it's something serious
             | like a cardiologist. If you're on private health insurance,
             | alright, only 3 months.
             | 
             | I don't know if this is specific to Germany, or similar in
             | all of Europe.
             | 
             | But that is a change many people notice that I speak with.
        
               | delichon wrote:
               | In the US before Obamacare I could make an appointment
               | with a specialist on the same week. Now it takes more
               | than six months. Three different specialties that I know
               | of and the only three I tried. Apparently we're catching
               | up with Europe.
        
               | Cumpiler69 wrote:
               | Americans are discovering that giving universal
               | healthcare access to everyone means those who already had
               | access, now have to wait longer to make room for everyone
               | else. That's how it works.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | No they aren't. Americans are finding out that when you
               | abuse medical workers by calling them "essential workers"
               | who have to continue working during a pandemic while
               | hundreds of thousands of patients berate you for saying
               | things like "you should get vaccinated" or "don't eat an
               | anti-parasite medication for horses" and overwork them
               | and pay them shit, they quit in droves.
               | 
               | They are then finding out that for profit businesses have
               | no interest in re-hiring all the workers they had before
               | the pandemic, because they didn't lose as much business
               | as they saved money in salary, so everyone is just
               | running a skeleton crew that they overwork.
               | 
               | Meanwhile the data I find for emergency room visits are
               | that there's barely been any increase in percentage of
               | the population that visited an emergency room since 1997.
               | 
               | Companies are spending less on services and letting us
               | just suffer because we don't have better options and YET
               | AGAIN dumb Americans for some reason blame the government
               | for completely independent companies making self serving
               | choices?!
        
               | beej71 wrote:
               | Also in the US before Obamacare many people couldn't
               | afford to see a specialist at all. Trade-offs.
        
               | elteto wrote:
               | This is literally not true if you live close to any urban
               | center. Plenty of specialists available in any city. The
               | US healthcare system is broken in many, many ways but
               | "obamacare made me wait 6 months" is not one of them.
        
               | delichon wrote:
               | This is Albuquerque, which is a three hour drive. There
               | used to be a couple of these specialists in a closer,
               | smaller city, just two hours away. They have all gone.
               | Along with more than half of the rural general
               | practitioners in the surrounding 100 miles. One closed
               | his practice entirely after completely failing to find a
               | replacement. I recently went to an appointment with a
               | specialist in Albuquerque that took me six months to get
               | ... and spoke only with a nurse. No doctors are available
               | even after that long. This was after six months of
               | waiting while in pain and bleeding out of my ass daily.
               | 
               | Shortly before Obamacare I went to the same variety of
               | specialist in that closer city. I called on a Monday and
               | was in to see him on Thursday morning. Now, the three
               | closest clinics to me have no doctors at all between
               | them, just nurse practitioners and physician assistants.
               | If your condition isn't on their short script you get an
               | appointment in six months with a different nurse, or
               | directions to the emergency room. I'm not claiming this
               | is the general experience, but my experience has vastly
               | enshittified.
               | 
               | The specialist nurse that took me six months to see? He
               | ordered a test and scheduled me to come back and discuss
               | it with him in another six months. Maybe I'll get another
               | five minutes of his time then.
        
               | jghn wrote:
               | I do not have this problem where I live in the US.
               | Perhaps the issue is that specialists don't want to live
               | where you are?
        
               | arebop wrote:
               | The waiting is similar in the U.S., only the cost is
               | wildly different. Actually, it sounds like you can see a
               | family doctor the same day in Germany? That would make it
               | better in Germany.
               | 
               | In the U.S. I can see a midlevel the same day by paying
               | $200 for an annual membership in a mass-affluent
               | pseudoconcierge practice plus $800ish for the
               | appointment+labs, the $800 may be partly or entirely
               | covered by insurance depending on how the conversation
               | goes with the "provider". I have to wait several months
               | if I want to see a real doctor outside of an emergency
               | room. 6 months is about right for seeing a specialist
               | with a preexisting relationship, might need a little more
               | lead time for an initial consultation.
        
               | thehappypm wrote:
               | Why do you have to wait several months? That has not been
               | my experience at all.
        
               | arebop wrote:
               | IDK this is my experience over the past few years with
               | 10+ appointments with two specialists and three PCPs in
               | the SFBA; my understanding is that it is typical in this
               | area and becoming typical in other regions of the U.S. as
               | well.
        
             | hackeraccount wrote:
             | Depends upon how much older you mean - at 65 in the U.S.
             | you get Medicare which is not that bad.
        
           | Jensson wrote:
           | > How so? Healthcare? FIRE seems much more attainable in the
           | US
           | 
           | Much easier in Europe, go work in Switzerland or some high
           | paying country then go retire in a low cost area with
           | healthcare.
        
             | Cumpiler69 wrote:
             | If it's so easy why isn't everyone in Europe doing this
             | life hack?
             | 
             | Could it be that moving to a place with high salaries means
             | that job market is more competitive with higher bar to
             | entry, with more stress, and CoL and housing is
             | proportionally higher so once you factor in housing,
             | healthcare, childcare expenses etc you realize that unless
             | you scored some FANG job that pays orders of magnitude more
             | than the local median, you're more or less at the same
             | wealth point as in the lower CoL locations?
             | 
             | Feels like the solution is to find the place when you can
             | earn more than the median there and not just blindly move
             | to the most expensive places in the world hoping that will
             | make you rich.
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | > If it's so easy why isn't everyone in Europe doing this
               | life hack?
               | 
               | Language barriers, mostly. USA doesn't have those, that
               | is the biggest difference I'd say, language barriers is
               | such a massive hindrance to movement even if you are
               | legally allowed to.
               | 
               | Even if the work language is English you still have to
               | live with all the signs etc being in a language you don't
               | understand, and learning a new language is a massive
               | undertaking.
               | 
               | However if you don't care about that then it is really
               | simple. And lots of people are doing just that, people
               | spending a few years working in a high wage place isn't
               | uncommon at all.
        
         | WalterBright wrote:
         | If you save & invest for retirement, you'll be fine.
        
           | dymk wrote:
           | And have no major health issues/accidents, and be quite
           | lucky, and start with a lot of money in the first place, and
           | be born in the right place in the country.
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | America was populated by millions of immigrants, nearly all
             | of them poor with little more than a suitcase.
             | 
             | Welfare and social programs did not make them successful.
             | Opportunity did.
             | 
             | Even Elon Musk arrived with just a suitcase. He stayed in
             | hostels because of lack of money.
        
               | vixen99 wrote:
               | You have a point!
               | 
               | It's instructive to see what's happening in Britain right
               | now where many people dare not take jobs or even join
               | training schemes to improve their prospects - because
               | they will lose their benefits. To quote from the
               | Spectator: "A Channel 4 (TV) program Britain's Benefits
               | Scandal hears from some of those affected - people who
               | are often missing from the debate. We have 3.2 million
               | trapped in a system in which they are given a decent
               | payout - some I spoke to said about PS1,300 a month, some
               | significantly more - but who want to get back to work."
               | 
               | https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/the-sickness-benefit-
               | tra...
        
               | vondur wrote:
               | The same thing can happen in the US- People may be able
               | to get a job, but it will then prevent them from
               | receiving any aid that may still be needed.
        
               | sameoldtune wrote:
               | I know two (educated and hard-working) people in my
               | immediate circle who intentionally keep their income
               | below $30k/year so they qualify for state healthcare
               | programs that they couldn't otherwise afford unless they
               | were making upwards of $150k.
               | 
               | So we have accountants and scientists who need back
               | surgery intentionally working part-time barista hours.
               | 
               | As a programmer I'm all for gaming the system by knowing
               | and navigating the rules, but the situation is comical.
        
               | easywood wrote:
               | Elon Musk, whose father owned but a humble emerald mine,
               | and was driven to school in a Rolls Royce? Or another,
               | poor Elon Musk?
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | Since you know so much about this, how much did funding
               | did Elon's father give him to start his businesses?
        
               | piva00 wrote:
               | Maybe you need to read it coming directly from Elon's dad
               | then? [0][1]
               | 
               | [0] https://futurism.com/elon-musk-dad-emerald-mine
               | 
               | [1] https://www.the-sun.com/news/7911051/elon-musks-dad-
               | errol-em...
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | Getting money for living expenses as you study is the
               | life of the average middle class student in USA, he
               | didn't say it funded Musks ventures. The emerald mine
               | made them rich compared to other Africans, but that
               | doesn't say much compared to the average American.
        
               | piva00 wrote:
               | Would there be any ventures if Errol didn't fund Elon's
               | trip to the USA? That's the point, without the emerald
               | mining funding there would be no Elon in the USA, no Elon
               | taking risks in ventures, etc. It can't be looked at in a
               | vacuum of "he didn't get direct money for his ventures",
               | it was only possible for Elon to start ventures because
               | of the emerald mines.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | I know several people who emigrated to the US with a
               | suitcase and became millionaires. None of them had a
               | family emerald mine, or any family wealth at all.
               | 
               | If you live in the USA already, why didn't you start
               | SpaceX? Millions of immigrants come to the USA. Why
               | didn't anyone else start SpaceX?
        
               | acuozzo wrote:
               | Anecdotal, but... I'd be willing to put the time and
               | effort in to start a company, but I would not be willing
               | to lose my home or fail to provide for my wife & three
               | children in the process as neither my wife nor I have any
               | family capable of taking us in.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | > why didn't you start SpaceX?
               | 
               | It took $100M to start SpaceX. The argument works better
               | if you start with one of the more modest earlier efforts.
        
               | acuozzo wrote:
               | Funding doesn't matter as much as mindset.
               | 
               | If you know you can always go live with your rich family,
               | then the cost of failure is pretty close to 0, so you can
               | repeatedly take big risks until one of them pays off.
               | 
               | Worst case? You end up a trust-fund brat.
        
             | daedrdev wrote:
             | My understanding is US healthcare is actually has the best
             | outcomes, however Americans are sicker and those without
             | insurance are obviously worse off.
        
         | EZ-E wrote:
         | Terrible place to be poor more like. Being poor is not enviable
         | in any country, but you're better supported in some countries
         | compared to others. Obviously this comes at a cost for the
         | economy as a whole. At some point you need to think about what
         | kind of society you want to live in.
        
           | kiba wrote:
           | I wouldn't necessarily make the assumption that welfare
           | support "costs" the economy as a whole.
           | 
           | It's really expensive to support homeless population since
           | they use up critical important resources such as emergency
           | care, compared to just giving them a home. They may recover
           | faster and become a productive member of society again.
           | 
           | For sure, it costs real dollars in a national budget, but it
           | isn't necessarily a bad thing for the economy.
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | If you give people free food, free housing, and free
             | medical care, who needs to work?
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | Nobody needs to work in USA either, but people do it
               | anyway since the free stuff isn't comfortable enough. Its
               | the same in Europe, people don't view the free stuff as
               | good enough for them so they work to get more.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | The free stuff isn't high living, but it's enough for
               | quite a few. The poverty rate stopped declining when
               | LBJ's welfare state went into effect.
        
               | Cumpiler69 wrote:
               | _> Nobody needs to work in USA either_
               | 
               | But then who's gonna be the delivery man who delivers
               | your post/packages? Who's gonna be your teachers in
               | school? Who's gonna be the baker making your food? Who's
               | gonna be the builder and plumber building the shelter you
               | live in? Who's gonna be the doctor healing you? If nobody
               | needs to work.
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | They don't need to, they work anyway since we are still
               | living in a capitalist nation where working pays off,
               | that goes for both Europe and USA, you get supported by
               | the state so you don't starve if you don't work but
               | people still prefer working over not working thanks to
               | the extra benefits you get.
               | 
               | Communist nations force people to work, there is no need
               | for that in capitalist nations, people work for the extra
               | rewards.
        
               | Cumpiler69 wrote:
               | _> They don't need to_
               | 
               | Yeah they do. I live in a socialist European country and
               | if you refuse to work you'll end up on the streets and
               | only live off charity of others or starve/freeze to
               | death.
               | 
               | You won't get any state welfare if you're decaled
               | medically fit to work and refuse to take work that get
               | sent to you by the unemployment agency, like for example
               | working in a warehouse or in an Amazon fulfilment center.
               | Nobody would willfully take those shit jobs if they
               | wouldn't have to work.
               | 
               | Yeah, there's some people who made a lifestyle out of
               | gaming the system who choose not to work and still get
               | welfare but that's a minority.
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | > You won't get any state welfare if you're decaled
               | medically fit to work and refuse to take work that get
               | sent to you by the unemployment agency
               | 
               | That depends on the country, but in the USA you get food
               | stamps regardless of anything else so you wont starve.
               | Then you can live on public lands in a tent or so, many
               | do that in California.
        
               | piva00 wrote:
               | If you give the bare minimum for survival, people still
               | want to work to improve their living conditions.
               | 
               | Virtually no one wants to live on the bare minimum, no
               | idea why you tend to create this rather absurd straw
               | man...
        
           | anon291 wrote:
           | I honestly think this idea just needs to die. So many people
           | I know don't even bothering applying for welfare because they
           | think they won't get it.
           | 
           | In reality, most US states are insanely generous.
           | 
           | I recall once my mom had to help a friend's dad who was
           | uninsured and dying of prostate cancer simply apply for
           | benefits. He didn't think the state would pay for it and had
           | just resigned himself to death. My goodness, how silly...
           | Instead, he applied and it was paid for.
           | 
           | I myself have fallen into this trap. When I was laid off, I
           | was going to pay COBRA, instead of just biting the bullet and
           | applying for medicaid. There's almost always a free
           | government provided option if you need it. Literally people
           | don't even bother.
        
       | almaight wrote:
       | Because people have been liberated from the quagmire of
       | handicrafts
        
       | grecy wrote:
       | Make no mistake, the US is a fantastic business. It makes a lot
       | of money, and some people get fantastically rich while others
       | toil for life and hover at the poverty line.
       | 
       | With a vastly higher percentage of its citizens in jail than any
       | other developed country, much higher crime and violence than
       | developed countries and many other very bad indicators it is,
       | however, not a good country. It does not provide for or look
       | after its citizens in the ways other developed countries do, and
       | does not appear to be a healthy society.
        
         | throwaway8754aw wrote:
         | There's 365 million Americans vs. Europeans countries none have
         | more then about 85 million.
        
           | stephen_g wrote:
           | No US state has more than 40 million people...
        
             | throwaway8754aw wrote:
             | State is not a country and European countries are not
             | states...their federal governments handle their healthcare
             | and etc.
             | 
             | That's my point the US's federal government would be
             | handling free healthcare directly or indirectly thru the
             | states. As well the amount of money Americans would have in
             | their pockets would be a lot less and that's not after over
             | 300 years are what we are use to. Recent election shows the
             | majority does not want change in many regards.
        
         | sp527 wrote:
         | > It does not provide for or look after its citizens in the
         | ways other developed countries do
         | 
         | It's worth asking why.
         | 
         | > NATO nations have cut back on troops and military hardware
         | since the Cold War. But Europe has cut far deeper than the US.
         | Defense budgets have become a pot that could be raided to fund
         | more pressing priorities, such as treating and caring for aging
         | populations. As a result, much of Europe's military has become,
         | in the view of some US defense experts, a "Potemkin army" that
         | is ill-prepared to wage and win a prolonged war.
         | 
         | https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2024-nato-armed-forces/
        
           | sofixa wrote:
           | If we take a look at the % of US forces stationed in Europe,
           | and assume _all_ of them are there only out of the goodness
           | of the US ' heart to protect Europeans, and subtract them
           | from total US military costs, it isn't even a drop in the
           | bucket. It's less money than the Pentagon doesn't know what
           | happens to.
           | 
           | https://www.defense.gov/News/Releases/Release/article/307805.
           | ..
           | 
           | (This only covers the running costs; even an unfair
           | assumption that the US would need less F-35s and troops if
           | they weren't deployed in Europe, it would still be a drop in
           | the bucket compared to the $916 billion yearly budget).
        
           | Cumpiler69 wrote:
           | _> It's worth asking why._
           | 
           | Because taking care of people is not profitable. Why are
           | people still looking for the answer when it's obvious?
        
       | roenxi wrote:
       | This is an interesting take, because it contrasts with GDP PPP
       | [0] which is suggesting that America is in fact being overtaken
       | by its rivals although it has managed to outpace the EU. China is
       | claiming to already be ahead and India is well on track to gain
       | absolute economic ascendancy relative to the US. And I expect
       | that Asia is going to start developing some serious military
       | muscle on the back of that because they have access to the
       | history books and have a pretty good view into how Western
       | leadership thinks.
       | 
       | If the US is benchmarked against Europe then all is well. The
       | problem is that Europe is now a distant 3rd in terms of economic
       | power - it can't face up to China. Arguably, if we put China in
       | its own category and India into "Asia" then the EU might be
       | pushing towards 4th. Everyone is still ahead of Africa I suppose.
       | 
       | [0] https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/national-gdp-
       | wb?tab=chart...
        
         | spiderfarmer wrote:
         | The EU is number one in quality of life and that's all that
         | matters to me. If we work just hard enough to maintain and
         | maybe even improve it, other countries can do their pissing
         | contest.
        
           | ragebol wrote:
           | Quality of life costs money, and if we're not competitive,
           | sooner or later that money will run out.
        
             | Cumpiler69 wrote:
             | It's crazy how so many people don't get this basic economic
             | fact and think public welfare in EU just rains from the sky
             | for free. No, EU welfare state is not some magical hack
             | nobody else thought of, it's just paid from the working
             | class' wages and then redistributed to those in need.
             | 
             | Without innovations and highly profitable industries
             | generating well paying working class jobs, with what will
             | you pay for that welfare and quality of life? Billionaires
             | and corporations certainly aren't gonna pay for it out if
             | their profits, so the working class has to. But if the
             | working class has no more high paying wages anymore due to
             | stagnating growth , then your welfare budget also goes bye-
             | bye.
             | 
             | You can't just vote yourself more welfare and higher public
             | sector salaries and pensions out of thin air without an
             | economic growth to back that up. I mean, you technically
             | can, but it doesn't end well as was proven every single
             | time this was tried.
        
               | kiba wrote:
               | Well paying job just mean that the primary distribution
               | mechanism of wealth is through having a job, rather than
               | only creating only jobs that are necessary. That's
               | grossly inefficient. I rather pay people to stay at home
               | rather than gunk up our industries with make-work, or
               | worse actively making things worse.
               | 
               | Innovation is important sure, but also efficient use of
               | resources, including cramping down on negative
               | externalities. That increases welfare and quality of
               | life, ideally with no need to spend an extra dollar.
        
               | Cumpiler69 wrote:
               | That's some idealistic stuff that's not gonna happen. The
               | real world doesn't work like that.
               | 
               | Yeah it's ineficient but it's the one we got right now.
               | You're not gonna change it with your comments and
               | beliefs. Meanwhile rent is due next month and you need to
               | pay up by using these "ineficient" mechanisms set in
               | place by powers higher than you.
        
               | kiba wrote:
               | Idealistic? So what? I am just pointing out the
               | contradiction of people's thought. I perfectly know well
               | it's not how things should work but how it works right
               | now, but if people believed silly things I am going to
               | point it out.
               | 
               | You are welcome to point out flaws in my thinking.
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | Stop thinking in terms of dollars. Think in terms of
               | _stuff_ - that 's the actual wealth. You can move dollars
               | around with or without jobs, but somebody has to make the
               | stuff. Someone has to grow the food. Otherwise, you have
               | dollars but not food, and you can't eat dollars.
               | 
               | So the thing about jobs is, we really need jobs _that
               | actually produce stuff_. We don 't just need jobs, we
               | need somebody to create the wealth. First it has to
               | exist, _then_ we can worry about how it gets distributed.
               | 
               | So if you have a bunch of people who are not necessary,
               | then the best thing to do is not to let them starve
               | (which is also immoral), nor to give them pointless jobs
               | (which is soul-destroying), but to find something useful
               | for them to do.
        
               | bluecheese452 wrote:
               | We have had the capacity to produce more stuff than we
               | can consume for almost a century now. Take cars for
               | example. We could easily produce one for every man woman
               | and child. If someone can't afford a car it isn't because
               | we can't make it, it is because we have decided not to
               | make it.
               | 
               | This isn't a production problem, it is a social problem.
        
               | Workaccount2 wrote:
               | >If someone can't afford a car it isn't because we can't
               | make it, it is because we have decided not to make it.
               | 
               | Its because the person making the car doesn't want to
               | make one for someone who isn't making something of equal
               | value in return. It makes them a sucker for being the one
               | to make the car.
               | 
               | You cannot legislate, policy change, indoctrinate, or
               | force your way around this. It's why all attempts to do
               | so always have failed. Every single time. Always.
               | 
               | The only way to create actual value is to put in actual
               | work.
        
               | sofixa wrote:
               | > Without innovations and highly profitable industries
               | generating well paying working class jobs, with what will
               | you pay for that welfare and quality of life
               | 
               | I don't think anyone is seriously claiming that there is
               | no innovation whatsoever in the EU. Falling behind the US
               | doesn't mean there is absolutely nothing. I think a lot
               | of people in the EU would be fine with being 3rd on
               | "productivity" if it was enough to maintain a high
               | standard of living and decent competitiveness.
        
               | Cumpiler69 wrote:
               | _> I don't think anyone is seriously claiming that there
               | is no innovation whatsoever in the EU._
               | 
               | I never said that. Please follow HN rules and reply to
               | the strongest interpretation of one's argument, not the
               | weakest.
               | 
               | The EU economy was at the same level as the US economy
               | 15-20 years ago., now it's only half the US. The EU
               | missed out on all the major technological innovations in
               | that time and therefore missed out on a lot of income for
               | welfare while welfare expenses only grew due to ageing
               | population and increasing cost of living.
               | 
               |  _> Falling behind the US doesn't mean there is
               | absolutely nothing. _
               | 
               | No, it means less money for welfare. Especially with an
               | ever increasing ageing population. If you want to take
               | care of all of those people at a high quality of life,
               | it's gonna cost you, and we don't have that kind of money
               | anymore.
               | 
               | So you either get Europeans to accept slowly sliding into
               | poverty due to declining welfare and rising CoL, OR, you
               | need to bring in more money to the state somehow.
               | Previously it was done in Europe via slavery and theft
               | through colonialism, but since that conveyor belt of free
               | money is gone and what's left to bring in more money is
               | innovation in highly profitable high-growth industries
               | where EU is almost absent. No, ASML, Airbus and some
               | struggling German mittlestand companies can't support a
               | whole continent like they did in the 1980's.
               | 
               |  _> I think a lot of people in the EU would be fine with
               | being 3rd on "productivity" if it was enough to maintain
               | a high standard of living and decent competitiveness._
               | 
               | They would be fine, if those losses would come out of the
               | pockets of tax dodging corporations, but they're not,
               | they're being eaten up by the working class and the
               | taxpayer who still expects the same welfare quality like
               | in the good ol' days when the EU economy was as strong as
               | the US.
               | 
               | Do you you see how this level of welfare is unsustainable
               | without matching economic growth?
        
               | sofixa wrote:
               | You said
               | 
               | > Without innovations and highly profitable industries
               | generating well paying working class jobs, with what will
               | you pay for that welfare and quality of life
               | 
               | Without presumes with none, and you're saying it like
               | it's true.
               | 
               | > The EU economy was at the same level as the US economy
               | 15-20 years ago., now it's only half the US. The EU
               | missed out on all the major technological innovations in
               | that time
               | 
               | Really, all major technological innovations? Why is the
               | leading music streaming provider Swedish (Spotify)?
               | Leading and most advanced airplane manufacturer European
               | (Airbus)? Why are there so many fintechs which are a
               | decade ahead of US counterparts (Revolut, Monzo, MyPOS,
               | SumUp, Bunq, Qonto) and why is finance-related tech so
               | much ahead - you can pay contactless pretty much anywhere
               | in most of the EU and UK, you can accept card payments
               | with your phone and just an app, all banks have to have
               | an API with Oauth to be able to aggregate accounts and
               | whatever? Also I'd like to add advancements in nuclear
               | fusion. Also I haven't experienced healthcare in the US,
               | but from what I've seen it doesn't look like there's
               | anything even close to the seamlessness of Doctolib in
               | France.
               | 
               | The EU is indeed falling behind, IMO mostly due to lack
               | of capital, risk/gambling averseness, and the much
               | smaller individual markets. But to say it has missed
               | _all_ innovations, or that it has _no_ innovation is
               | simply untrue. We need more of them, we need to invest
               | into more of them, because there 's a lot of potential
               | that needs to be nurtured and grow.
        
               | Cumpiler69 wrote:
               | _> Without presumes with none_
               | 
               | Only if you want to be a sticker and take things
               | literally while deliberately ignoring the context to
               | score a cheap shot _gothca_ , then sure, it then means
               | without.
               | 
               |  _> Leading and most advanced airplane manufacturer
               | European (Airbus)?_
               | 
               | Because of government intervention, and moat of a highly
               | regulated and expensive to enter industry that keeps new
               | players out. Why is SpaceX ahead of EU aerospace
               | companies?
               | 
               |  _> Why is the leading music streaming provider Swedish
               | (Spotify)? _
               | 
               | Spotify wasn't even profitable until recently and only
               | made it where it is today, due to to massive capital
               | investments form the US, not from EU investors.
               | 
               |  _> Why are there so many fintechs which are a decade
               | ahead of US counterparts _
               | 
               | Are they also ahead in earnings/profits too? Because you
               | fund welfare with taxes on profits and on wages. You
               | can't tax innovations that bring you no money.
               | 
               | That's where While you keep blabbering on about Airbus,
               | Monzo and Spotify , have a look at the top 100 companies
               | in the world by market cap and see how many are from the
               | EU and how many from the US and that's case closed.
               | AIrbus, Spotify, etc are the rare exceptions, not the
               | norm for Europe.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Why is SpaceX ahead of EU aerospace companies?_
               | 
               | "A system of non-competition clauses enforced by the
               | European Space Agency's (ESA) workforce suppliers is
               | allegedly trapping aerospace professionals who work at
               | ESA's facilities across Europe in a professional dead-end
               | street" [1].
               | 
               | Europe is absolutely riddled with this crap, and it tends
               | to come top down from the EU.
               | 
               | https://arstechnica.com/space/2024/12/esa-workers-face-a-
               | maz...
        
               | m4rtink wrote:
               | Well, not many viable orbitial launch sectors in
               | continental Europe - that by itself is already a blocker.
               | :P And arguably USA was also quite lucky to end up with
               | SpaceX, given how many traditionalists in the industry
               | were so full of "this can't be done!". :P
        
               | RestlessMind wrote:
               | > Really, all major technological innovations?
               | 
               | Here is the data: https://www.voronoiapp.com/markets/-US-
               | vs-European-Stock-Mar...
               | 
               | If Europe is so innovative, why is US to EU stock market
               | cap ratio is on a consistent upward swing by since mid
               | 2000's?
        
               | sofixa wrote:
               | Innovation means stock market growth? So no innovation
               | happens at any university for instance? Or private
               | companies? And the stock of e.g. United Healthcare Group
               | going up doesn't mean that any innovation happened
               | whatsoever.
               | 
               | Why do so many people, especially on HN, confuse market
               | cap or GDP growth for _innovation_? Surely, especially
               | here, people can realise that innovation can come in
               | different forms, and some do not move the needle of a
               | stock market or won 't show up in GDP graphs. Is CERN not
               | innovative because it's not a public company whose stock
               | is growing?
        
               | idunnoman1222 wrote:
               | I didn't read that whole comment but wow, you must be
               | delusional. If you think that European companies in the
               | last 20 years hold a candle to American companies in the
               | last 20 years delusional.
        
               | sofixa wrote:
               | > If you think that European companies in the last 20
               | years hold a candle to American companies in the last 20
               | years delusional.
               | 
               | I gave concrete examples of European companies being
               | significantly better than American ones.
        
               | criddell wrote:
               | > I mean, you technically can, but it doesn't end well as
               | was proven every single time this was tried.
               | 
               | Arguably, Japan has been doing this for two or three
               | generations now. Despite a crazy debt, quality of life in
               | Japan is still pretty great.
        
               | CapricornNoble wrote:
               | There's a saying in economics:
               | 
               | "There are four types of economies: developed,
               | developing, Argentina, and Japan."
               | 
               | One must be very careful drawing conclusions for other
               | societies based on Japan as a sole example. I somewhat
               | agree that Japan illustrates that massive infrastructure
               | investment, combined with diligence in maintaining
               | functioning societal systems, does in fact yield a high
               | quality of life that appears sustainable even if the
               | metrics of economic growth look terrible. That's because
               | GDP as a measure of "quality of life" is a shitty
               | indicator IMO, but that's a whole 'nother rabbit hole to
               | go down...
        
               | Workaccount2 wrote:
               | Japan is a monoculture that acts almost like one big
               | family. Economic rules and values kinda go out the window
               | similar to the way they do when you are selling your
               | brother your old car or repairing your grandmother's
               | sink.
        
               | handzhiev wrote:
               | Everyone who has been to Japan in the last 20 years or so
               | could argue about the quality of life. Japan is not quite
               | "shiny" and people are not rich.
        
             | kiba wrote:
             | Quality of life _also_ doesn 't cost money.
             | 
             | Road infrastructure in the United States might as well be a
             | form of digging holes and then refilling it back up again.
             | Grossly inefficient when we could invest the infrastructure
             | money into world class public transit.
        
               | wombatpm wrote:
               | I think you fail to grasp just how big the US is. Driving
               | from Chicago to Minneapolis is ~430 miles/ 6.5 hours
               | depending on weather and traffic. Every 10 miles or so
               | there is an exit and usually some small town. Every 50 to
               | 100 miles a bigger town.
               | 
               | As I recall, after the Chicago suburbs you hit Rockford,
               | Janesville, Madison, Baraboo, Tomah, Eau Claire,
               | Menominee, and Hudson before you get to the St Paul
               | collar communities.
               | 
               | So 9 stops on on a single track running between two major
               | cities, with only 1600 more miles to Seattle. And while
               | the distance between stops increase, the population
               | greatly decreases as you head west.
               | 
               | Now road construction could be better. Because while
               | Illinois has 300k lane-miles of road, it seems like they
               | only have 200k of asphalt and 100k under construction at
               | any given point in time.
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | Scandinavia is sparser than USA and as large as the
               | larger populated states, still has asphalted roads and
               | public stuff even up north.
        
               | spiderfarmer wrote:
               | American exceptionalism at its finest.
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | This is a bit misleading as those countries tend to have
               | the vast majority of the population crowded into a
               | handful of cities that are fairly close together and then
               | a vast untamed wilderness where close to nobody lives.
               | It's easy(ish) to have rail between Oslo and Bergen, less
               | practical to extend that rail to Oldervik.
        
               | kiba wrote:
               | _I think you fail to grasp just how big the US is.
               | Driving from Chicago to Minneapolis is ~430 miles / 6.5
               | hours depending on weather and traffic. Every 10 miles or
               | so there is an exit and usually some small town. Every 50
               | to 100 miles a bigger town._
               | 
               | Why do people trot this out every time? Driving or
               | traveling across the US isn't particularly relevant to
               | most people's life experience. Ok, I'll bite.
               | 
               | Yes, the United States is big, but some areas are more
               | dense than other and would need good heavy investment in
               | public transit infrastructure. For example, the north
               | eastern corridor would in particular benefit from
               | investment in true high speed rail.
               | 
               | There's also the need for investment in freight
               | infrastructure, especially if we want to take off more
               | trucks off the road. This is a safety benefit too. Less
               | vehicles on the roads just mean less people risking their
               | neck.
               | 
               | Now let's talk more local public transit.
               | 
               | Atlanta for example, really need to expand heavy rail.
               | Traffic there is one of the worst in the country. MARTA
               | at time outpaces cars, even with all the stops they have
               | to make. Rather, a lot of time is eaten up just waiting
               | for the train. A more frequent schedule would help here,
               | but Georgia would need to actually contribute funding to
               | make this possible. If they extend it more into the
               | surburb, I would have less of an incentive to move. As
               | now, I am considering moving because of how frequent I
               | commute into Atlanta.
        
               | readthenotes1 wrote:
               | Without leaving town, I can drive nearly 200km on any
               | given weekend to visit friends. It is common for me to go
               | 50km.
               | 
               | With the suburb architecture of many US cities, local
               | rail is nearly irrelevant outside the city center
        
               | tmnvix wrote:
               | > I can drive nearly 200km on any given weekend to visit
               | friends
               | 
               | In a typical vehicle that's about 50kg of CO2. 100kg if
               | it doesn't include the return leg.
               | 
               | Not having a dig at you, but this is a big part of our
               | problem. We believe that because we can do something, we
               | are entitled to do it. Not only that, but we've
               | structured our society in such a way that it's actually
               | necessary for people to do these harmful things just to
               | get by like commuting distances that would have been
               | considered absurd 100 years ago. They are still absurd.
        
               | MisterBastahrd wrote:
               | The laws of physics disagree with you. In what reality
               | does driving 124 miles necessitate the creation of 110
               | pounds of CO2?
        
               | bongodongobob wrote:
               | We talk about long distance travel because it's the only
               | thing that makes sense. None of the cities parent listed
               | outside maybe Chicago are walkable. You WILL need a car
               | at all those destinations. So why wouldn't I drive my own
               | car? It's a requirement to own one in the Midwest (I live
               | there). I'd love rail but it just doesn't make sense as
               | none of our cities are walkable and the bus routes are
               | either once an hour at best or non existent. If you put a
               | rail line from Chicago to Madison to Twin Cities, I
               | highly doubt it would get any use because all of these
               | people already own cars and would get there faster and
               | more conveniently.
        
               | Workaccount2 wrote:
               | Public transit falls apart when you realize that less
               | traffic on the roads makes driving a car that much more
               | desirable.
        
             | torginus wrote:
             | I have had this niggling feeling for a long time that money
             | (and capitalism) gets increasingly more divorced from
             | reality, particularly as money is printed and these
             | astronomic speculative stock market valuations are created
             | based on some optimistic future scenario.
             | 
             | This is not some pearl clutching moralistic argument, but a
             | practical observation based on:
             | 
             | - Transfer of ownership is not necessarily possible. You
             | can't buy a technologically sensitive company because of
             | regulations. Even if you can buy a foreign firm,
             | transferring the talent, operational base etc. might not be
             | possible. A CEO can't sell off his share of stocks even if
             | they're worth billions because the loss of investor
             | confidence.
             | 
             | - Physical limitations on quantities of goods. There is a
             | finite supply of real estate. If everybody in the world
             | wanted a new car suddenly (and had money for it), car
             | prices would go through the roof, and only a small fraction
             | would actually get it.
             | 
             | Imo capitalism is not flawed in the way that it is
             | incapable of handling these situations, but it is very
             | flawed in that money is an increasingly poor proxy for the
             | abstract concept of value.
             | 
             | This flawed nature of capitalism has been long since
             | endemic (and dare I say integral) to the system, much more
             | value has existed on paper than in reality (see banks), but
             | I think there might be a breaking point at which the system
             | might collapse and hyperinflation would set in.
        
               | Ferret7446 wrote:
               | It is precisely because individuals suck so much at
               | correctly perceiving the allocation of value that free
               | market economies ("capitalism") completely blow centrally
               | planned ones ("socialism") out of the water.
               | 
               | So the fact that you think money is divorced from reality
               | is a very normal, mundane misconception.
        
               | torginus wrote:
               | You're taking my argument in the direction I never
               | intended, then taking the dicothomy to the extreme, and
               | then claiming victory unsupported by evidence.
               | 
               | - I never wanted to contrast 'capitalism' and 'communism'
               | or whatever. I merely wanted to point out that the
               | fundamental absurdity of capitalism requiring infinite
               | growth in a finite system has been resolved by having the
               | growth of wealth coming from speculation on future
               | unrealized value. Since I (or anyone else) can't predict
               | the future, it might happen that things do not come to
               | pass as they were expected and that future value might
               | not be realized. Money _is_ divorced from reality, it
               | derives its value from the collective trust and belief by
               | the people participating in the system that it can be
               | exchanged for goods and services. In a system of rational
               | and impartial actors, that belief is backed by chiefly
               | existence of said goods (which is the real size of the
               | economic pie) and less by the speculation of future
               | potential that might or or might not happen. So in
               | summary my argument is not between communism or
               | capitalism, but a captialism that is backed by real world
               | value and one that is backed by future speculation. Even
               | if the former can create less economic growth, we can be
               | certain that growth is real.
               | 
               | - Central planning works. Great public works certainly
               | are dreamt up and funded by governments yet they
               | contribute enormously to the wealth of nations and enable
               | a lot of value to be created. The moon landing was
               | centrally planned and executed by a country whose per
               | capita wealth was on par with modern day Poland, yet is
               | considered the greatest achivement in history.
               | 
               | - There are no real 'centrally planned' or 'free market'
               | economies, as all countries employ both concepts to some
               | degree. But if we were to make a argument, we could say
               | that the US belongs to the 'free market' camp and China
               | belongs the 'centrally planned' camp. Both countries are
               | doing extremely well, this very discussion is about
               | finding which one is actually doing better.
        
               | ProxCoques wrote:
               | All "capitalist" economies have very large amounts of
               | central planning for them to function (not to mention
               | state subsidies and other protections from failing to
               | make money), and use taxation and the national debt for
               | that. Socialism plans centrally to the same extent that
               | capitalist economies do, but also has the state owning
               | the infrastructure that the economy relies upon. So it
               | doesn't need to tax for that purpose. Socialism in that
               | sense has never actually been practiced historically
               | though, in the same way as there has never been
               | "capitalism" in the sense of no central planning or
               | regulation. Luckily.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | "capitalists" have many central planners each planning
               | the same thing but coming up with different results. Then
               | we reward the ones who are right. Socialism features one
               | planner - they may have helpers, but just one. If one
               | planner gets it wrong in capitalism you can go with a
               | different one.
        
               | ProxCoques wrote:
               | Capitalists as in capitalist _governments_ centrally
               | organising commercial legislation and regulations,
               | subsidies, tariffs, standards, etc.
        
               | tmnvix wrote:
               | Money is obviously a poor proxy for value.
               | 
               | A bottle of water might be the same price as a litre of
               | petrol, but the value is vastly different.
               | 
               | We don't pay for the value. We pay for the cost of
               | acquisition (e.g. pumping the oil out of the ground).
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | cost of acquisition sets a floor on price. Value sets a
               | ceiling on the price. Supply/demand sets the price you
               | pay. (in economics we further talk about curves - there
               | many oil wells and some costs more to run than others,
               | there are also many buyers and some value oil more.
               | Similar for water where it is often free from a nearby
               | faucet but people will pay a lot of it in bottle form
               | anyway.
        
             | willtemperley wrote:
             | Exactly and the fact that, for example, West and Central
             | Africa are waking up [1] to the fact that France has been
             | scamming them out of untold billions, probably trillions is
             | going to shift power significantly.
             | 
             | This is happening now. Senegal are following Chad in
             | cutting ties with French military.
             | 
             | [1] https://theconversation.com/cfa-franc-conditions-are-
             | ripe-fo...
        
               | willtemperley wrote:
               | Downvotes without comment are pathetic. Step up and make
               | an argument. It's real, it's happening and Europe needs
               | to wake up.
        
               | readthenotes1 wrote:
               | Because of the travle game(1) I learned that it was/is
               | common for the leader of the former French colony to send
               | hundreds of thousands in bribes to the president of
               | France...
               | 
               | (1) Travle posted here on hn months ago, but
               | unfortunately a Webapp that downloads so I can't give you
               | a url
        
               | spiderfarmer wrote:
               | The economy is not a zero sum game. If other countries
               | are doing well, all the better.
        
               | Cumpiler69 wrote:
               | _> The economy is not a zero sum game. _
               | 
               | Most parts of the global economy are. If you're selling
               | cars for example, there's a fixed amount of drivers on
               | the road you can sell cars to, so if you're VW, you're
               | now competing with cheaper cars from Asia for those same
               | drivers.
               | 
               | You can't create new drivers out of thin air to expand
               | the market demand for cars. Once the market is saturated,
               | without having any moat, you enter in a race to the
               | bottom.
               | 
               | And that's what Germany's economy is discovering right
               | now and why Europe's share of global GDP has been
               | declining for the past 20 years.
        
               | spiderfarmer wrote:
               | If other countries are doing better, they will want to
               | buy status symbols as well. This is how Germany profited
               | from China developing in the first place. As long as
               | markets continue to develop, chances will continue to
               | appear.
               | 
               | Also, we shouldn't care about Europe's share of global
               | GDP. We should care about how the poor people in our
               | countries are doing. Like I said, we should maintain or
               | improve our quality of life. Producing cars is just a
               | means to an end.
        
               | programjames wrote:
               | I think what you're really getting at is that the more
               | efficient a market it, the closer to the Pareto frontier
               | it is, and things become competitive instead of
               | cooperative there.
        
               | tmnvix wrote:
               | When you boil it all down, the economy mostly is about
               | ownership and use of resources, and those are naturally
               | limited. So if we're talking about doing well in terms of
               | having greater claims to the world's resources, then it
               | essentially is zero sum.
        
               | HPsquared wrote:
               | The primary sector is only a very small part of the
               | economy though. Prices for raw materials are low because
               | it's easy to mine etc vast quantities nowadays and there
               | is a lot of competition in global commodities. Most
               | minerals are found in a LOT of places all over the world.
        
               | tmnvix wrote:
               | Land. Total value of it is about 25 trillion in the US
               | alone I believe. If I'm not wrong, globally stock markets
               | are around 100 trillion (and that will include a lot of
               | assets in the form of land).
        
               | HPsquared wrote:
               | 25 trillion is just 1 year worth of GDP. With interest
               | rates of 5%, that's only further evidence for my point.
               | 
               | Edit: as an exercise, consider the land value of a
               | typical office, and compare to the annual income of the
               | part of the company based there, and the personal income
               | of the employees who work there.
        
               | FrustratedMonky wrote:
               | "zero sum game"
               | 
               | As others allude to, natural resources are zero sum, they
               | are a finite resource, once they are gone, they are gone.
               | 
               | So if an imperial power is mining resources from a
               | 'colony', that 'colony' is being stripped of economic
               | potential with very little to show for it.
               | 
               | They do not both gain economically, like some allude to
               | when maybe it is two countries sharing manufactured
               | goods.
        
               | SkyBelow wrote:
               | Zero sum game means for someone to benefit someone else
               | must be worse off, but a positive sum game doesn't mean
               | that everyone must benefit. It only opens the possibility
               | that the total sum can go up, but that can still be
               | because every time one player gets 10 points another
               | player loses 3.
        
               | jumping_frog wrote:
               | Many people don't realise. America has been exporting
               | inflation around the world while China has been exporting
               | deflation through cheaper goods. China is the main reason
               | for World's prosperity.
        
               | ativzzz wrote:
               | And China was able to scale up the mass manufacturing of
               | cheap goods because rich western companies dumped their
               | money into China to capitalize that manufacturing. It's
               | all interrelated
        
             | devjab wrote:
             | You are correct but it's also more complex than that since
             | competitive can mean many things. Currently the vast
             | majority of government income for European countries is
             | income tax, and income tax is usually more profitable when
             | the market is actually competitive. Which means you need
             | small local businesses and local production.
             | 
             | Having completely optimised and global logistics and value
             | chains isn't necessarily good for wages. We can tax the
             | wealthy and fortunes more than we do, and we probably
             | should, but within the current systems it wouldn't change
             | that much.
             | 
             | So in some sense many European countries are better
             | prepared for economic downturns than the US even though
             | European countries don't have a lot of major corporations
             | which don't produce anything locally.
             | 
             | Obviously it's even more complex than this. Part of what is
             | bringing down the economies in France and Italy is workers
             | rights. Being able to retire at 60 is great, but it was
             | also something that was obtained when people didn't live as
             | long and have as few children. Though Greece seems to have
             | managed ok without having new public management plunder
             | their country.
        
               | Workaccount2 wrote:
               | >Being able to retire at 60 is great, but it was also
               | something that was obtained when people didn't live as
               | long and have as few children.
               | 
               | Short aside this reminds me of:
               | 
               | In the US, my Boss's neighbor is an 85 year old woman who
               | retired 42 years ago. And still gets a paycheck twice a
               | month (with CoL increases) and full health insurance. She
               | became a municipal clerk when she turned 18, worked 25
               | years to get a full pension, then retired at 43. The
               | optimism (maybe pessimism?) people had back in the day
               | was _wild_. I nearly fell out of my chair when he told me
               | this.
        
           | egeozcan wrote:
           | Life in the EU is amazing for me, and probably for you too,
           | as well as many others enjoying it here. However, we can't
           | overlook the struggles of those who are turning to radical
           | populist parties.
        
             | dachworker wrote:
             | I don't think the far-right is fueled by economic
             | stagnation, but I do think that, were we living in an
             | economic golden age, people would be able to ignore and
             | excuse the increased prevalence of foreigners on "their"
             | streets.
        
               | ConspiracyFact wrote:
               | Why the scare quotes?
        
               | mPReDiToR wrote:
               | 'Scare quotes' is not the only use of the double quote.
               | 
               | In this case it seems that the author is pointing out
               | that the incumbents do not in fact have any inferred or
               | conferred ownership of these public spaces.
        
               | roenxi wrote:
               | I think that is the most likely interpretation, but it
               | doesn't seem like a reasonable interpretation of what was
               | said literally in context. From a local v. foreigner
               | perspective the roads are literally their roads. Locals
               | do have an inferred and conferred ownership of public
               | spaces in their capacity as the public. The foreigners
               | don't own the streets, the streets are commons property
               | to the locals.
               | 
               | I decided to treat it as a minor typo and read it as
               | 'people would be able to ignore and excuse the increased
               | prevalence of "foreigners" on their streets' instead. Ie,
               | the foreigners aren't really foreigners, just citizens of
               | non-aboriginal ethnicity.
        
               | mytailorisrich wrote:
               | The actual "far right" is much smaller than they'd have
               | you believe. It is very small. It's just that the term is
               | abused to create fear.
               | 
               | I don't think that the economy in general is key, though
               | high immigration does dampen wages and that is mostly
               | felt at the lower end of incomes. I think what we're
               | seeing are the social and cultural consequences of very
               | high immigration from countries of completely alien
               | cultures and whose people do not assimilate in Europe.
               | This has been going on for decades now but completely
               | ignored by successive governments and that only hardens
               | people's reaction against it. This is compounded by the
               | apparent powerlessness to act "because whatever
               | treaty/law" that we seem to have shackled ourselves
               | with...
        
               | mcphage wrote:
               | > I do think that, were we living in an economic golden
               | age, people would be able to ignore and excuse the
               | increased prevalence of foreigners on "their" streets.
               | 
               | I don't fully know what's going on in Europe, but in the
               | US we have several TV news networks dedicated to making
               | you upset about the increased prevalence of foreigners.
               | And they've been doing it for 30+ years, so it's working,
               | no matter how good the age is or isn't.
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | In Europe the terrorist attacks and crime is real though,
               | that doesn't happen much in the US but in Europe it
               | happens quite a lot since the immigrants are different.
               | So there is no need for any propaganda to get people to
               | turn against unlimited immigration, what they see on
               | every news station paints the same picture.
        
               | Cumpiler69 wrote:
               | The news in western EU never cover the bad parts of
               | illegal immigration, only the rosy part, so the people
               | turning against immigration aren't doing it due to what
               | they see on the news but mostly due to what they,
               | rightfully or wrongly, perceive themselves .
        
               | ta1243 wrote:
               | Not sure about the EU, but in the UK the support for the
               | far-right is highest in areas with the fewest numbers of
               | immigrants. It's not about peoples personal perceptions,
               | as the areas with relatively high numbers of immigrants
               | are invariably also the areas where there's low support
               | for the far right.
        
               | CapricornNoble wrote:
               | >In Europe the terrorist attacks and crime is real
               | though, that doesn't happen much in the US but in Europe
               | it happens quite a lot since the immigrants are
               | different.
               | 
               | We're having some similar problems in the US, but not at
               | the same scale. It used to be MS-13 was the big foreign
               | crime boogeyman, now it's the Venezuelan gang "Tren de
               | Aragua": https://www.zerohedge.com/commodities/its-
               | spreading-americas...
               | 
               | https://www.zerohedge.com/political/migrant-population-
               | charl...
        
               | jghn wrote:
               | Also a lot of our terrorist attacks aren't described as
               | such by the media. it seems you're not a terrorist if
               | you're a white US citizen.
        
               | oezi wrote:
               | Can you point to any statistics which indicate life is
               | even remotely as dangerous in Europe as life in the US
               | is?
               | 
               | I can't even come up with enough terror attacks in Europe
               | to reach 100 deaths in 2024.
        
               | tokinonagare wrote:
               | I don't need any TV channel nor statistics for my
               | girlfriend to come home shocked because a friend of her
               | got his apple watch and bag stolen that day, to witness a
               | Japanese girl at an event having her bag stolen during
               | the night, to be aggressed verbally in the station, to
               | have a friend shot in a terror attack (Bataclan), to have
               | an islamic attack at the Christmas market in my town,
               | etc. all the common point here are immigrants or their
               | descendants from non white and non Asian countries.
               | 
               | > I can't even come up with enough terror attacks in
               | Europe to reach 100 deaths in 2024.
               | 
               | Go touch grass ffs! Your reply is infuriating to any
               | victim of terrorism. A single death or wounded from
               | islamic terrorism (the only that really exist) is too
               | much already. If that's not enough for you, please line
               | up with your family and friends and sign to be the next
               | victims and we'll see if "not even 100 deaths" is a good
               | thing or not.
        
               | andrepd wrote:
               | Should we extend that "zero tolerance" principle for,
               | say, traffic deaths? Even 1 death is too much right? Yet
               | over a hundred people die on European roads _every day_.
               | Surely we should tackle this many times more seriously
               | than we tackle the comparatively minor issue of Islamic
               | terrorism?
               | 
               | What about pollution? Kills thousands upon thousands of
               | people too! Why are we wasting our time and attention
               | with 24/7 news reports about terrorism every time some
               | nutter stabs someone in the street, when we could be
               | directing our efforts towards eradicating coal, diesel
               | engines, etc?
               | 
               | See where I'm going with this?
        
               | monadINtop wrote:
               | I have lived in Europe all my life. I cannot name a
               | single person I know, nor anyone that they know, that has
               | ever been remotely affected by Islamic terrorism.
               | 
               | I can however name a hundred other things that affect
               | most of their lives daily like inflation, racism,
               | corruption of both the media and political organs by
               | corporate interests, degrading of public infrastructure
               | and institutions that are not aimed at churning out a
               | profit, declining quality of the education system to
               | systemic stress imposed on teachers, etc.
        
               | J_McQuade wrote:
               | The last terror attacks in my country were part of an
               | organised campaign to try and burn down mosques
               | explicitly because of unhinged propaganda on TV and
               | online. The fact that these attacks were not called
               | "terrorist attacks" on any single news station tells you
               | all you need to know about propaganda here.
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | There is no such thing as unlimited immigration
        
               | sebazzz wrote:
               | That is just because of inequality those populists feed
               | on, while at the same time being rich. However, being
               | unconvential, having a sound media strategy, and no doubt
               | being helped by (foreign?) disinformation - they quickly
               | gain a foothold in an era of unlimited social media.
               | 
               | However, I often think about that drawing where three
               | people are at a table. A blue-collar worker (mine worker
               | or construction worker), a black sad looking black person
               | (immigrant), and a rich guy in suit.
               | 
               | The blue collar worker has a single cookie on his plate,
               | the immigrant no cookies at all, and the rich guy a plate
               | full of cookies. The rich guy with his plate full of
               | cookies, looking at the worker, points to the immigrant.
               | "He wants your cookie".
        
               | wahern wrote:
               | People prefer jobs, not handouts, but handouts is what
               | your scenario implies--wealth distribution from the rich
               | to the workers. This is where the academy has led
               | liberal/left parties astray. Yes, inequality is at the
               | root of discontent, but the academy over stresses
               | inequality of outcomes rather than of opportunity; and
               | while inequality of outcomes matters, people gauge their
               | success by looking to their neighbors and social circles,
               | not to groups far removed from their physical and social
               | geography. Likewise, modern economic theory says that tax
               | + redistribute is the most economically efficient
               | solution to addressing inequality, but it falls short for
               | the same reasons.
               | 
               | It's a very difficult sociopolitical problem, and it has
               | as much to do with psychology as it does headline
               | statistics. Contemporary media dynamics has much to do
               | with the psychological aspect, but it's also corrupting
               | the way people think about these issues across the
               | ideological spectrum.
        
               | andrepd wrote:
               | > People prefer jobs, not handouts, but handouts is what
               | your scenario implies--wealth distribution from the rich
               | to the workers
               | 
               | Labour's share of wealth produced (vs capital's share)
               | has been declining in the developed world since the
               | 1970s, and is now well past Gilded Age levels and still
               | getting worse.
               | 
               | So yes, it's _both_ about better jobs _and_ about
               | distributing away from the rich and towards the working
               | class: these are the same thing.
        
               | wahern wrote:
               | I just think the current emphasis on inequality of
               | outcomes and headline numbers like income share leads us
               | down the wrong path. Those are effects, not causes or
               | even the effects that directly drive discontent; yet by
               | emphasizing those aspects we spend an inordinate amount
               | of time on measures that attempt to address those
               | symptoms specifically rather than the causes. But also...
               | 
               | 1) Income share is complicated:
               | https://equitablegrowth.org/labors-share-lost/ There are
               | structural issues, like automation and immigration,
               | underlying those trends. Immigration isn't, per se,
               | irrelevant, especially when you consider dynamics like
               | volatility and displacement. (But, again, it's
               | complicated.)
               | 
               | 2) Throughout history vilifying the rich has not worked
               | out well for the poor and working classes, neither in
               | absolute nor relative terms. Where sustainable
               | improvements have been seen, they're the result of a
               | flattening of the social hierarchy (not necessarily in
               | monetary terms!), but in a way that shifts norms to the
               | type of long-term, group management that you see in the
               | upper middle classes, not the winner-take-all, rat race
               | rules of the poor (at least, that they see as governing
               | inter-class conflict, not necessarily among themselves).
               | The cookie metaphor, both in the model it presents and
               | the devious motivations it insinuates, is rat race rules,
               | and rat race rules favor the rich much more than
               | cooperative, inclusive norms. What you want is for the
               | wealthier to _identify_ with the poorer, but that can
               | only happen (if at all) to the extent the poorer
               | _identify_ with the wealthier. If some wealthy person
               | perceives themselves as having been wholly self-made,
               | despite what 's obvious to everybody below him, good!
               | That implies he at least _values_ agency and work ethic,
               | norms that in the United States can be and are shared
               | with people below him on the ladder, and therefore a way
               | to sell political concessions as being in his self-
               | interest (psychologically).
               | 
               | 3) Wealth (as opposed to income) doesn't work as implied
               | in the cookie metaphor. Elon Musk is a trillionaire, but
               | there's no bank vault with a trillion in gold bullion
               | that he can go to at will. At any point in time--hour by
               | hour, even--his nominal wealth is primarily a function of
               | the future expectations of others, including expectations
               | of social contentment and economic growth. You can't take
               | half of Musk's cookies and redistribute to everyone; it's
               | entirely non-sensical to think that way. Our intuition
               | breaks down at scale; certainly from a process
               | perspective (as opposed to a static context). Just like
               | running a $30 trillion national economy isn't the same as
               | running a small business (for one thing, nobody _runs_
               | it), the cookie metaphor leads to horribly misguided
               | ideas about the nature of our problems and the viability
               | of remedies.
               | 
               | Yes, inequality of outcomes matters (at least at the
               | margins), it just doesn't provide much if any insight
               | into causes and solutions. Imbibing in zero sum cookie
               | narratives is counterproductive. Like other forms of
               | social injustice, e.g. racism, it's paradoxical--how can
               | you fix something without identifying the effects with an
               | intention to address them; yet, such a fixation has a
               | tendency to solidify (reify?) the divisions undergirding
               | them. If you look at critical theory, especially critical
               | race theory, you can see an admission of this paradox at
               | the core of the literature. People like Frantz Fanon and
               | Derrick Bell came to the conclusion that it's impossible
               | to completely overcome racism--systemic and otherwise.
               | Their perspective is understandable given the seeming
               | intractability of these sorts of problem, I just don't
               | share the fundamental pessimism at the heart of how these
               | issues are framed by contemporary social justice
               | thinking. And it's that framing that I saw in the cookie
               | metaphor. I don't have the right answers, but history has
               | shown us the wrong answers.
        
               | monadINtop wrote:
               | Yeah maybe if you abide by a god given ideology where you
               | cannot question the distribution of resources with
               | respect to one's relation to the productive organs of an
               | economy on a microscopic level and instead only focus on
               | re-distributive tax policies or reorganization of the
               | political super-structure on a macroscopic level, without
               | interrogating the underlying mechanisms.
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | Nobody's asking for a "handout".
               | 
               | Money is power. Elon Musk would be a cringe lord if he
               | wasn't rich. But because he's rich he gets to play
               | government.
               | 
               | That's the point of taxation. It's not to fund anything.
               | The government doesn't need your money to fund anything.
        
               | triceratops wrote:
               | > People prefer jobs, not handouts
               | 
               | Or being paid more for the same jobs. Fairer than wealth
               | distribution via taxation but has the same effect.
        
               | pineaux wrote:
               | @wahern. Nah you can just have a strongly progressive tax
               | system that is used for large investments that create
               | steady supply of jobs and innovation. Thats actually what
               | the states so as well, via darpa and the like. It works
               | very well.
        
               | DragonStrength wrote:
               | If their kids could afford to buy houses nearby, they'd
               | probably be a bit more OK with it. But when their own
               | kids are priced out and told they don't have the relevant
               | skills (thanks to education provided by the government
               | unequally) for the new jobs, it's easy to point fingers
               | at the new people in town.
               | 
               | And those people don't have to be foreign or a different
               | race: just see the anti-tech waves that have rolled
               | through the Bay Area in the past, directed more based on
               | attire and mode of transport than race. And a lot of
               | people here would agree those new workers are to blame
               | for a lot of Bay Area problems, but it's easier to
               | dismiss others as bigoted than wrestle with the reality
               | of winners and losers behind each statistic.
        
           | zpeti wrote:
           | Which country? This matters a lot. I doubt you are in Greece,
           | or Italy, or Portugal.
           | 
           | Did you know on GBP PPP Warsaw and Budapest are now better
           | places to live than Madrid, Lisbon and many other
           | Mediterranean cities?
           | 
           | It's crazy. Perhaps Berlin and Copenhagen are still ok, but
           | even France is on a completely unsustainable path that will
           | explode in the next 10-20 years.
        
           | dachworker wrote:
           | Where does this notion come from? Many Europeans cannot even
           | afford proper AC in summer and heating in winter.
        
             | Jensson wrote:
             | Of course they can afford it, its just a cultural
             | difference.
             | 
             | > Many Europeans cannot even afford proper AC in summer and
             | heating in winter.
             | 
             | Basically nobody lacks heating in winter, that one is made
             | up. The thing people lack is AC and its just because people
             | aren't used to it so they don't see it as a need.
             | 
             | Edit: Saying this is like saying people can't afford
             | shelter in USA, it is true and there are many homeless but
             | it describes a tiny fraction.
        
               | matwood wrote:
               | And a lot of people in the northern US also don't have
               | AC. It just wasn't necessary until somewhat recently. Had
               | little to do with affordability.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Many Europeans have a mild climate where the few days AC
               | is really better than no AC isn't enough to be worth it.
               | Particularly if you stick to western Europe when you mean
               | Europe, (eastern Europe has a harsher climate but also
               | still coming out from soviet days and so doesn't have the
               | wealth needed to put AC everywhere though some are
               | getting close)
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | > The thing people lack is AC and its just because people
               | aren't used to it so they don't see it as a need.
               | 
               | I suspect it's just that Europe is mostly north of the US
               | and AC is more luxury than necessity. Places in the US
               | like Seattle, which is still south of much of Europe,
               | only recently rose above 50% AC prevalence. It's become
               | much more popular as the climate as grown warmer.
        
             | ragebol wrote:
             | We haven't needed this for the most time. I'm not spending
             | on AC for a few days per year where it's really hot while
             | it's really not most of of the year.
             | 
             | Besides: I'd rather put sedum/green stuff on our flat roof,
             | which also helps insulate a little bit in winter but really
             | really helps in summer.
        
             | fulafel wrote:
             | Depends on whether you're talking about Europe the
             | continent or eg the EU, though "many" if of course a vague
             | enough claim to be technically true for any corner of the
             | world.
             | 
             | But relateedly, US household energy expenditure is enormous
             | compared to other countries and a lot of it is burning
             | fossil fuels to run AC. There's a big money vs ethics
             | tradeoff going the wrong way for emissions, more so from
             | being a huge oil producer.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | > burning fossil fuels to run AC
               | 
               | I'm interested in the numbers behind this. The location
               | and timing of most air conditioning needs correlates
               | strongly with the availability of PV. At this point I
               | would have guessed that heating is strongly reliant on
               | fossil fuels (and will be for many years to come) and air
               | conditioning will be much greener.
        
             | Almondsetat wrote:
             | Speaking of notions coming from highly dubious places....
        
           | mytailorisrich wrote:
           | Quality of life is the result of economic prosperity.
           | 
           | If the economy falls behind then quality of life will follow
           | at some point. In fact quality of life is already not so
           | great and decreasing.
        
             | Cumpiler69 wrote:
             | _> If the economy falls behind then quality of life will
             | follow at some point. _
             | 
             | If only Europeans would accept this truth and wake up that
             | something has to change yesterday.
             | 
             | What's happening to Greece is just the mining canary for
             | what's gonna happen in much of the rest of EU later, if
             | there's no preventive change of course.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | Only partially true though. A rising tide can lift all
             | ships. The EU can benefit from advancements in the US
             | invests in because of our wealth. This goes the other way
             | as well, even thought he EU isn't putting out as much, they
             | are putting out something and that benefits the US. So long
             | as they don't fall so far behind that it isn't worth trying
             | to bring them up - but this is unlikely, I'm not even sure
             | how this could happen.
        
               | mytailorisrich wrote:
               | No it's not "partially" true.
               | 
               | Noone claims that people in the third world enjoy great
               | quality of life, for instance. You can't benefit from the
               | advancements of others if you cannot afford them...
               | 
               | > _I 'm not even sure how this could happen._
               | 
               | It can always happen but it is gradual and takes time.
               | Places like India or China were once the richest areas of
               | the world, only to fall behind and become among the
               | poorest later on because they stagnated while others
               | progressed.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | That is why it is partially true. There are many other
               | factors as to great quality of life. If you have all
               | those other factors as well then a rising tide can life
               | your boat too. Some third world countries have seen this
               | over the years, and others are seeing it now. Some have
               | seen it and then something (often a coup) reverted them
               | to bad quality of life.
        
           | ms30 wrote:
           | Declining/Aging Population becomes the issue. Solutions will
           | probably come from Biology/Nature.
           | 
           | Human Quality of life seems to flip the natural "evolutionary
           | script" wrt to population growth. Shrinking population =
           | shrinking landlords/bankers/labor/traders/military/scientists
           | etc
           | 
           | In nature, where there is environmental instability/resource
           | scarcity you see a Quantity over Quality reproductive
           | survival strategy (which is similar to what we see poorer
           | regions of the world) that fuels population growth.
           | 
           | On the flip side, where there is resource abundance and
           | stability there is growth in population. But we don't see
           | that happening in the richer/higher developed regions with
           | humans.
           | 
           | Its like advanced human society/culture has worked out how to
           | override biology.
           | 
           | We currently work around falling population(and the shrinking
           | factors of production) with tech/automation,
           | financial/military arm twisting and immigration which gives
           | rise its own social and cultural instability.
           | 
           | Nature has found other population models though.
           | Ants(Eusocial insects) have solved their population/survival
           | issues by have a single Baby factory. There are theories that
           | the Haplodiploidy it produces makes ant societies function
           | smoother. While Meerkats have collective breeding model which
           | is similar to what certain Feminists talk about when they say
           | Make Kin not Babies.
           | 
           | It will take a couple generations of futzing about in
           | unnecessary directions before we solve these issues. So
           | patience with the people who don't know what they are doing
           | is key.
        
             | benterix wrote:
             | I tend to agree to a certain extent. From my observation it
             | seems that a certain amount of suffering in life creates
             | strong motivation for overcoming it. If you just have a
             | very happy life you don't have that strong motivation to
             | change things.
        
               | Cumpiler69 wrote:
               | _> If you just have a very happy life you don't have that
               | strong motivation to change things._
               | 
               | Or you see no way out, feel defeated and see that
               | positive change is impossible or futile. It cuts both
               | ways. Inaction doesn't always mean a rosy life.
        
             | ConspiracyFact wrote:
             | The "populists" request that their tax dollars go to
             | citizens rather than foreigners and the elites respond with
             | musings about the reproductive strategies employed by ants.
        
           | JohnFen wrote:
           | As a US citizen, I look with envy on the quality of life in
           | many EU countries.
        
             | nickpp wrote:
             | You can look closer, if you want. The EU is cheaper and
             | cheaper for the American tourists.
             | 
             | And please make sure to visit some of the Eastern European
             | countries, like Romania or Bulgaria too. They are part of
             | the EU as well.
        
             | matwood wrote:
             | As has I've heard said, the best place to make money is the
             | US and the best place to spend money is the EU. If you
             | believe this is the case as I do, the next step is to
             | figure out how to lifestyle arbitrage. Make US wages while
             | living in the EU.
             | 
             | I'm older with bit more freedom than when I just started
             | out, but this is exactly what I'm doing. My plan is to
             | eventually quasi retire to the house I'm currently
             | renovating.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | I love living in the US and visiting the EU. For me, that
             | seems to be the very best arrangement. Early on, I was
             | infatuated with the perceived better quality of life in the
             | EU, but I see now that I could not easily create something
             | comparable to what I enjoy in the US unless I was an elite
             | member of EU society. My guess is that this is true for the
             | majority of US residents on HN.
        
           | RestlessMind wrote:
           | > The EU is number one in quality of life and that's all that
           | matters to me
           | 
           | Probably it is time for you to learn the plight of fellow
           | Europeans then. The society is stewing for quite some time
           | now, for example
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_vests_protests
           | 
           |  _The symbol has become "a unifying thread and call to arms"
           | as yellow vests are common and inexpensive, easy to wear over
           | any clothing, are associated with working-class industries,
           | highly noticeable, and widely understood as a distress
           | signal._
           | 
           | Rise of far right parties across Italy, Germany, Hungary,
           | Poland, France and many other countries is another clear
           | signal that EU's quality of life may not be great for
           | everyone there.
        
             | spiderfarmer wrote:
             | Being number one doesn't say it's good for everyone here.
             | It says more about how bad it is in the rest of the world.
             | 
             | Also, here in The Netherlands the yellow vests were mostly
             | conspiracy theorists who would pull something to protest
             | against out of thin air. That movement died down pretty
             | quickly.
             | 
             | Protests here are almost always against (perceived)
             | government overreach. In most countries even being able to
             | protest is considered a luxury. That's why you don't see
             | that many in the US.
        
               | ashoeafoot wrote:
               | The idea that conspiracies could thrive under economic
               | stress doesn't even occur..
        
               | WhatIsDukkha wrote:
               | Well being loopy isn't too good for economic success so
               | that's a factor? Though for sure I've met some incredibly
               | loopy people that had some great dice roll streaks.
               | 
               | But there are a lot of other factors in the problem and
               | making it an economic issue really obscures some of the
               | more important factors.
               | 
               | Intellectual laziness, idle brains, idle hands, toxic
               | memes and bad actors making bad use of them.
        
               | ashoeafoot wrote:
               | schizophrenia has been proven to be stress triggered and
               | im just not interested to listen to humanity idealization
               | by engineers any more, with the endless utopias and
               | perfect characters, and the blame on everyone not fitting
               | into that template under duress. What good is a
               | construction plan for a machine with all parts carved
               | from diamond? If you cant integrate a real humanity in
               | your perception , your plans and interests, why even
               | waste public bandwidth on your ideas and the terrors they
               | will become ?
        
               | WhatIsDukkha wrote:
               | I would accept the point that stress triggers
               | schizophrenic behaviors.
               | 
               | When we look at magical thinking as one of those light
               | schizotypical behaviors large portions of the population
               | exhibit these symptoms.
               | 
               | They drink from the cup of nonsense to excess.
               | 
               | There should always be room for drinking from the cup of
               | nonsense but too much and its difficult to be useful to
               | yourself and your family.
        
               | pineaux wrote:
               | Actually, I think our quality of life is going downhill.
               | Things are very expensive and the taxes are still high. I
               | think that the reasons the far right is winning
               | everywhere is because people feel they have lost
               | something. I agree. We have. We bought into the
               | neoliberale thought mill and simultaneously lost our
               | belief in social democratic welfare state. We are in
               | short, becoming more like the states. But without the
               | things that make the states so great. The states can
               | basically print money and then other countries will
               | begrudgingly buy dollars to keep it from inflating top
               | much. So its basically global nation state socialism.
        
             | Tade0 wrote:
             | Pole here, what "far right" parties are you referring to?
             | If it's PiS then they were ousted in the elections last
             | year with a 30-year record breaking voter turnout of 75%.
             | 
             | As for the other party that fits this description they're
             | their own worst enemy, as they're an amalgamation of groups
             | which don't really have common interests aside from a few
             | talking points.
        
               | fakedang wrote:
               | If you believe that PiS doesn't have a strong base to
               | count on, you're naive.
               | 
               | All it takes is another term of pain, and they'll be
               | back.
               | 
               | Case in point, America. A former president who by all
               | counts should have lost the election a year ago, was
               | literally begging on Truth Social for donations, facing
               | numerous criminal trials and convictions, just retook the
               | hot seat.
        
               | Tade0 wrote:
               | > If you believe that PiS doesn't have a strong base to
               | count on, you're naive.
               | 
               | I've _met_ their voter base. The _young, educated, city-
               | dwelling_ part.
               | 
               | Of course they'll be back, but like every political
               | movement based on cult of personality, they have no
               | coherent plan what to do should Kaczynski die/retire,
               | aside from infighting. Arguably the vultures started
               | circling already. The MAGA party will face the same
               | predicament once their leader inevitably leaves the
               | stage.
               | 
               | My take is that since both Kaczynski and Trump haven't
               | appointed a successor, their political projects will die
               | with them. Their opponents need only to survive until
               | that happens.
        
             | returningfory2 wrote:
             | Yep. As a simple exercise, visit e.g. the Ireland subreddit
             | and see how many young people there are complaining about
             | the cost of living and are talking about emigrating.
        
           | loxodrome wrote:
           | I'm an American living in France for the past two years and
           | cannot wait to move back to the USA. The taxes are so extreme
           | and salaries so low that no one can even invest in the stock
           | market. If I stay here, I will be able to leave virtually
           | nothing to my kids when I die. The EU can take its 5 weeks of
           | vacation and go fuck itself.
        
             | sho_hn wrote:
             | On the other hand, it's absolutely fantastic to have a
             | young daughter and have her virtually not impact our
             | finances at all for many years, between clothes/toy gifts
             | from friends, gov subsidy, free healthcare, free education
             | and low levels of keeping-up-with-the-Joneses on after-
             | school activities, plus knowing I won't burden her
             | financially either as I happily live out my retirement on a
             | decent pension.
             | 
             | I may not leave her a lot of inherited wealth, but she may
             | also not really need any to have options.
             | 
             | (That said, my personal frame of reference for why this is
             | better and wonderfully stress-free is years lived in South
             | Korea--that ultra-low fertility rate has reasons--, not so
             | much the US.)
        
               | fakedang wrote:
               | At the current trajectory of the EU though, don't count
               | on it. She will regret you guys not having built up an
               | inheritance for her, considering that EU tier 1 and tier
               | 2 towns and cities are being rapidly bought up by
               | American private equity.
        
               | jamespo wrote:
               | Source?
        
               | lurking_swe wrote:
               | "may not need any to have options". I hope you're right,
               | but hoping the EU continues to prosper over the next
               | 20-30 years is not what i'd call a plan. The future is
               | unpredictable.
        
               | dowager_dan99 wrote:
               | and this I think highlights a really big difference in
               | perspectives: how do people feel about equality in
               | origin, opportunity and outcomes? As an upper income
               | Canadian I'm getting pretty tired of paying for all that
               | equality, and I think Canada is not yet at the same level
               | as most European countries. My kids may be the first
               | generation that should leave Canada for opportunities.
        
               | woobar wrote:
               | > I won't burden her financially either as I happily live
               | out my retirement on a decent pension.
               | 
               | What is a decent pension and where it will come from? I'm
               | projected to get a decent SSA pension (bigger than a
               | median income in top tier EU countries), but I am not
               | counting on it. What gives you confidence that government
               | will be able to support you through retirement?
        
             | foolfoolz wrote:
             | the eu quality of life has a higher minimum but a far lower
             | median
        
               | barbazoo wrote:
               | source?
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | It can't be overstated how much of this is cultural.
               | Quality of life is simply less materialistically driven
               | in Europe.
               | 
               | If Americans give up on home ownership and luxury items,
               | they too can enjoy a European quality of life; living in
               | an 800sqft rental and enjoying a rich social life.
        
               | voidfunc wrote:
               | Do people honestly think Americans don't have rich social
               | lives? Just because we socialize differently doesn't mean
               | it isn't rich. Most Americans seem to prefer church
               | groups, and small friend and family gatherings at their
               | homes rather than going out and mingling in urban
               | entertainment districts and bars.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | Europeans get most of their perspective on US social
               | living conditions from the terminally online, who are
               | disproportionately likely to have no social life. The
               | average American living in, say, the Midwest doesn't show
               | up in the anecdotes that stereotypes are built around.
        
               | tomtheelder wrote:
               | I'm an American and it definitely seems like we are in a
               | significant and worsening loneliness crisis. I have no
               | idea to what degree any of it is unique to Americans.
               | Social connectedness, socialization rates, and
               | companionship have all been declining for quite a while
               | now. Lot's of potential causes and theories about it. [1]
               | is a decent overview.
               | 
               | Like personally I'm doing great, and so are a lot of
               | people I know, and I'm sure you as well. But I think a
               | lot of Americans are struggling _badly_ with their social
               | lives.
               | 
               | [1] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9811250/
        
               | ravetcofx wrote:
               | #1 Reason is likely the urban fabric of places being non-
               | walkable & car dependent. It's a physical structure that
               | doesn't lead itself to spontaneity and new connections.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | That doesn't make any sense as an explanation for
               | _rising_ rates of loneliness. The US isn 't more car
               | dependent today than it was 10 years ago.
        
               | kmoser wrote:
               | I'm not sure that's a correct characterization of
               | Americans' social lives. Many, many Americans, especially
               | young ones, go bar hopping.
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | Nobody under 50 goes to church willingly that wasn't
               | brainwashed.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | That's a very convenient way to frame it! You can't
               | possibly be wrong because every counterexample is
               | _obviously_ either unwilling or brainwashed.
        
               | addicted wrote:
               | https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/americans-are-
               | lon...
               | 
               | Americans are much lonelier than their European
               | counterparts.
               | 
               | In addition, lifespans in the U.S. are declining even
               | post COVID relative to their European counterparts,
               | largely due to increases in "deaths of despair" (drugs,
               | suicides, etc).
               | 
               | The idea that Americans have a "rich social life" is not
               | true relative to Europeans. Even the church going etc. is
               | for most people forced upon them as opposed to something
               | they want to do, as evidenced by the increasing number of
               | people saying they're faithless but onto church anyways.
               | 
               | That doesn't mean that people with rich social lives
               | don't exist or even that the lack of such a rich social
               | life is a problem for a majority of people.
               | 
               | What it means is that the U.S. broadly isn't doing as
               | well as Europeans and further things are getting worse.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | I always wonder what would happen if you took these
               | studies and actually broke down the US into units the
               | size of the European countries we're being compared to.
               | 
               | It's easy to make a study that shows that the US has more
               | X than some number of European countries--you just
               | compare the entire US to all European countries and then
               | cherry pick the ones where we do worse. But the US is a
               | big place with a lot of variety in living conditions--
               | even if you just broke down the results by broad
               | geographic region rather than state, you would get
               | dramatically different results than taking the US as a
               | whole. What happens if you compare loneliness in the
               | South with loneliness in Denmark? Or what about
               | loneliness across the entire US with loneliness across
               | the entire EU?
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | my point was the opposite, that Europeans have rich
               | social lives, and this is responsible for their quality
               | of life, despite fewer material luxuries.
               | 
               | This is the cultural aspect.
        
               | bdangubic wrote:
               | this is true but less and less so... I am European living
               | in the US for the last 30+ years. spend my summers in
               | europe and noticing each and every year that this culture
               | is slowly dying. playgrounds where hoards of kids used to
               | be are mostly deserted, mobiles and social media are
               | slowly taking over the lives of europeans too. this may
               | be difficult to see if you are not looking hard cause
               | european cities get A LOT more tourists than US cities
               | (tourists are on their phones too :) )
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | I have no doubt that materialism and consumerism is
               | eroding social life in Europe too. My point is primarily
               | that the US is way ahead of the curve on this, and it
               | explains much of the difference.
               | 
               | I have a lot of friends who went the opposite direction
               | of you, and chose a cheaper but more fulfilling life in
               | Europe.
               | 
               | Instead of making 200k a year in the us, they make modest
               | salaries and rent 100-year-old farmhouse flats that
               | Americans would call a slum. They drive economy cars and
               | spend their ample time socializing or outdoors.
               | 
               | My personal opinion is that Europeans simply place a
               | higher priority on social interaction and incorporate it
               | into their daily lives. Many of them have more modest
               | financial aspirations, and don't expect to ever own a
               | house, vacation property, or boat.
        
               | bdangubic wrote:
               | 100% agree!
               | 
               | I basically explain this by comparing my life (US of A)
               | to my sisters (EU). My sister makes great money - my
               | sister spends ALL of this great money. she lives
               | paycheck-to-paycheck which in US would mean she is poor,
               | in EU she is living large (just came back from UAE,
               | heading to Kenya in a couple of weeks, January Macedonia
               | and Austria...). I make 789x what she does and put away
               | 60+% - been doing this for 25 years now, almost done with
               | working though
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | This lifestyle is literally impossible in most US cities
               | unless you're a high income earner.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | No, it is trivial to spend an afternoon with friends or
               | go for a walk.
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | Go for a walk where? On the side of the stroad? With your
               | friends who live 10Km away and have to drive to meet you
               | because there's no public transport?
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | Sure, why not?
               | 
               | My take is that Americans like to make infrastructure an
               | excuse for everything when it really boils down to
               | priorities and preferences.
               | 
               | 10 km is a 20 minute bike ride if you're not too obese to
               | fit on one. 10 minutes if you pick a coffee shop, pup, or
               | Park that is halfway. Unfortunately, most people prefer
               | Netflix and the fridge which is even closer
        
               | bdangubic wrote:
               | in 89.65% 'going for a walk' is not possible unless you
               | want to walk in circles around your house 76km away from
               | the first tree/park/coffee house... you may though go for
               | a drive in a pickup :)
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | Maybe if you're living in the Alaskan wilderness, but
               | pull up a map of San Francisco, Austin, or Denver and
               | you'll find a plethora of parks, coffee shops, and pubs.
               | That doesn't stop people from sitting at home watching
               | Netflix alone
        
               | econ40432 wrote:
               | EU homes are generally tiny. Homes in Mississippi for
               | example are huge compared to EU homes
        
             | itishappy wrote:
             | Leaving more money for your kids vs spending more time with
             | your kids seems like a rough choice.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | Is that not a false dichotomy? I make quite a lot of
               | income and still have lots of time with my kids. At least
               | as much as I'd have anywhere in Europe, I bet. It is not
               | a hard requirement to make good income that you sell your
               | soul to the corporation.
        
               | itishappy wrote:
               | I hope so, but I feel it holds true in general. It's
               | certainly true where I work that no Americans take 5
               | weeks of vacation.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | It's not technically 5 weeks, but I'm American and get 24
               | days (96% of 5 weeks) of PTO plus 7 company-chosen
               | holidays. And I take every one of them, even if some are
               | just "I'm not working the next 3 Fridays, because I want
               | to putter around the house."
               | 
               | We start with 19 + 7 days and get 1 extra day per year of
               | service until 5 years. (We also get a 4 week contiguous
               | block once every 5 years.)
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | Original post talked about 5 weeks vacation each year. I
               | suspect the assumption is that working hard in the U.S.
               | would not allow for that 5 week vacation.
               | 
               | Therefore that's 5 less weeks with the kids each year --
               | or about 1.6 years total by the time they leave home for
               | college).
        
             | kibwen wrote:
             | I invoke Poe's Law. Please explicitly mark your satire.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | Is that satire? The last time I seriously looked at
               | moving to Europe, it was a pretty fundamental part of why
               | I aborted the effort. Unless something has changed
               | recently, for software engineers income is _vastly_
               | better in the US.
        
               | andrepd wrote:
               | I care about income as a proxy for quality of life, not
               | as an end in itself. For me, the quality of life I get in
               | Europe for X salary is better than what I would get in
               | the USA for 1.5X salary. Ymmv
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | I agree, YMMV. But the average software dev salary in
               | western Europe is _half_ what it is in the US. The guy in
               | the US can buy better insurance than what is provided
               | through taxes in Europe, and still have way more money to
               | invest in their future and increase their quality of
               | life.
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | If, when it comes times to retire, and your Us
               | counterpart has $1,500,000 to your $1,000,000 to retire
               | on, that extra $500,000 seems material.
        
             | rurp wrote:
             | Leaving money to your kids isn't a bad inclination or
             | anything but I don't see why it's the be-all end-all. Maybe
             | my parents will leave me some money when they pass, or
             | maybe not, I'm certainly not expecting or planning on
             | anything. I hope they spend what they can to enjoy their
             | life while they're alive.
        
               | programjames wrote:
               | Also, any inheritance money would come way too late to be
               | useful in my life.
        
             | mathgeek wrote:
             | How would your situation change if you didn't have to
             | account for US income tax while living abroad? Does it
             | offset at all due to agreements with France?
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | The US excludes the first $120K of income for expats,
               | IIRC. That probably works out to >100% for the majority.
        
               | jandrewrogers wrote:
               | That only excludes basic wage income. If you have any
               | other income, investments, etc then the tax situation
               | becomes indefensibly punitive.
        
             | addicted wrote:
             | What's even nicer is if kids don't need their parents to
             | leave them an inheritance just so they can afford a roof
             | over their heads.
             | 
             | The U.S. is filled with homeless people. Even Italy, which
             | was doing economically terrible when I visited, didn't even
             | have a fraction of the homelessness problem as in the U.S.
        
               | ovi256 wrote:
               | That's weird, because France has a higher rate of
               | homelessness than the US. The French average, 45/100k
               | pop, is comparable to NYC.
               | 
               | Italy is much lower at 8/100k.
        
               | com2kid wrote:
               | In Seattle it is over 400/100k, by some estimates higher
               | than 500/100k.
               | 
               | 45/100k would be an incredible improvement.
               | 
               | Though looking up Paris, it is ~200/100k, which is still
               | half of Seattle's rate!
        
               | fakedang wrote:
               | Leave Paris and Marseille and you'll be golden. I'd be
               | curious to see that kind of data.
        
               | dowager_dan99 wrote:
               | well get out of the major, mild US cities and it drops
               | substantially as well.
        
               | Aloisius wrote:
               | I caution against trying to compare homeless statistics
               | internationally.
               | 
               | The definition of who is homeless and how they are
               | counted varies _dramatically_ between countries to the
               | point where comparing headline numbers is largely
               | useless.
        
               | dowager_dan99 wrote:
               | "The U.S. is filled with homeless people." is a popular,
               | completely unsubstantiated statement from people who live
               | elsewhere. Everywhere is filled with homeless people
               | would be more accurate.
        
               | Matticus_Rex wrote:
               | > The U.S. is filled with homeless people. Even Italy,
               | which was doing economically terrible when I visited,
               | didn't even have a fraction of the homelessness problem
               | as in the U.S.
               | 
               | Interestingly, these are not unrelated. Italy's housing
               | prices are very low _because_ of how badly it 's doing
               | economically.
        
             | ysofunny wrote:
             | because you're an inmigrant going backwards. move south to
             | stay wealthy
        
             | hindsightbias wrote:
             | > virtually nothing
             | 
             | Older kids will only have virtual needs. They'll have a job
             | and health insurance.
        
             | andrepd wrote:
             | You look stressed, maybe you can do some talk therapy
             | through the socialised health care system :)
        
             | amrocha wrote:
             | Idk why you think your kids should get your money when you
             | die. If they didn't earn it then they should get a small
             | amount and have to work for the rest, just like everyone
             | else.
        
               | whtsthmttrmn wrote:
               | Because families passing down assets is a tale as old as
               | time?
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | I guess we should go back to feudalism then?
        
               | whtsthmttrmn wrote:
               | Be careful making such massive leaps, you might injure
               | yourself.
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | You're the one that thinks "it's as old as time" is a
               | good enough reason to keep doing it
        
               | whtsthmttrmn wrote:
               | 1) Sorry I didn't list other reasons in order for you to
               | understand that there is more than one reason it's done.
               | 2) You bringing up feudalism is still completely random
               | lol. I get you're trying to make the point "just because
               | something was done in the past doesn't make it a good
               | idea", but the contrary is also true - just because
               | something was done in the past doesn't make it a bad
               | idea. Using your logic, I suppose we should stop cooking
               | food since it was done in the past and everything done in
               | the past is akin to feudalism lol
        
               | hombre_fatal wrote:
               | Because I earned it and that's how I want to spend it.
               | 
               | Did a charity work for my money? No. They just supposedly
               | will (but possibly not) use some of it for something
               | aligned with my interests. Just like giving my money to
               | my children.
        
             | ein0p wrote:
             | Have you seen the steep exponent on the US debt? You won't
             | be able to leave anything to your kids if you move to the
             | US either. Might as well enjoy 2 weeks vacation, rather
             | than 2.
        
             | Pet_Ant wrote:
             | Isn't it alarming to you that you are optimising for what
             | you leave behind when you die (stocks) over what you can
             | have while you live (vacations)?
        
               | smodo wrote:
               | Right. And the vacations are something you 'give' your
               | kids too. You won't lie on your deathbed and think: "I
               | shouldn't have taken my kids to Vienna that summer.
               | Should've put it all in Vanguard ETFs. Man what a
               | bummer."
               | 
               | If your kids appreciate your money more than your time is
               | when you know you screwed up.
        
               | kbelder wrote:
               | He's optimising for (kids) over (himself). It's noble.
        
               | master_crab wrote:
               | Kids also want to see their parents (particularly when
               | young). That's also an important gift to children.
        
               | bdangubic wrote:
               | first the government will take 50+% of everything he
               | leaves to his kids. if there is still significant funds
               | that he leaves them they will 100% become bums.
               | 
               | he should spend every penny he's got to spend every
               | minute he can with his kids - especially while they are
               | young. and his kids will say the same.
               | 
               | not noble at all - naive, dangerous and downright stupid
               | thinking
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | > first the government will take 50+% of everything he
               | leaves to his kids.
               | 
               | Not if you do the slightest bit of planning.
        
               | bdangubic wrote:
               | "slighest"? give me one? I have been doing "slighest" for
               | about last 18-ish months so we would love to hear what
               | this "slighest" is all about - hit me
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | (Assuming US.)
               | 
               | If you will have under $7M in your estate, the slightest
               | is _literally nothing_. You will not owe a penny of
               | federal estate tax.
               | 
               | If you have over $7M in your estate, it's worth
               | consulting an estate planner, but the basics look like
               | gifting and establishing trusts while you are alive (and
               | ideally while the exclusion amounts are high).
               | 
               | The current exclusion is $13.61M per person, or 2x that
               | per couple and set to drop down to $5.6M in 2017 dollars
               | on January 1, 2026.
               | 
               | If there's a chance that you'll have over $7M and die in
               | 2026, the slightest is gift some of it now [directly
               | and/or via trusts or 529 plans] while the estate tax
               | exclusion is still $13.61M and file form 709.
        
             | GuB-42 wrote:
             | I understand why one would prefer the US way, but these are
             | some weird arguments.
             | 
             | I understand why you would want higher net income to enjoy
             | a wealthy life, but for "investing in the stock market"? I
             | also understand why you would want to earn more so that
             | your kids can have a better life, but why "after you die"?
             | 
             | If anything, the latter can be turned into an argument for
             | the EU way. Your kids don't need you dead, they need you to
             | be alive and caring. So you have vacations so you can spend
             | time with them, public education so that they have the
             | skills to help themselves, so they don't need your
             | inheritance, and healthcare to keep you alive even if your
             | "stock market investments" are at a low point.
        
             | com2kid wrote:
             | Daycare in my city in the US is around 30k a year.
             | 
             | The city just dismantled its gifted program for schools, so
             | if your kid is a high achiever plan on another 40k a year
             | for schooling.
             | 
             | Even swim classes have a huge waitlist and are expensive.
             | Any type of children's activity is absurdly expensive due
             | to the high cost of living.
             | 
             | Housing is absurd, if you have a couple kids plan on
             | spending 4k a month on rent for a place in a nice
             | neighborhood.
             | 
             | Most Americans have around a thousand dollars in savings
             | and that is it. Americans are, by and large, not even able
             | to save up for retirement, with zero hope of leaving
             | anything to their kids.
             | 
             | Tech worker salaries are a small bubble in all of this.
        
               | jandrewrogers wrote:
               | > Most Americans have around a thousand dollars in
               | savings and that is it.
               | 
               | Per the US government's own BLS, the median household has
               | >$1,000 leftover _each month_ after _all_ ordinary
               | expenses. Americans may not save much but it isn 't for
               | lack of available income.
        
               | com2kid wrote:
               | Medians mean nothing in a society that has a bimodal
               | distribution of wealth.
               | 
               | America is full of people who are working a job and a
               | half (with a good chance both are 30hr a week jobs that
               | offer no benefits, and may have "flexible" scheduling
               | where the employee is called in to work different
               | computed selected shifts each week), and people who are
               | working in offices earning good money.
               | 
               | In the middle you have some people working trades still.
               | 
               | We switched over from a manufacturing economy that made
               | things and gave people stability and enough money to
               | raise a family to a "service" economy, and then we
               | started telling everyone working service jobs that "those
               | jobs aren't real careers, so of course you are being
               | treated and paid poorly!"
        
               | eitally wrote:
               | I've lived in LCOL, MCOL and VVHCOL cities in the US.
               | Just because everything is outlandishly expensive in the
               | bay area, that doesn't mean the same is true everywhere
               | in the country. In large swaths of LCOL and MCOL areas,
               | your money absolutely goes further in all the areas you
               | listed.
               | 
               | I would suggest, though, that if you didn't grow up in
               | the bay area and have family property here, as a
               | relocation target it should be considered similar to gold
               | mining. You're moving here for work because of the amount
               | you can save [as a result of ludicrous tech compensation]
               | and then use elsewhere, not because it makes sense
               | financially to actually be living here.
        
               | com2kid wrote:
               | I'm not in the bay area! I'm in Seattle, which used to be
               | the cheap west coast alternative to the bay area!
               | 
               | I'm third generation here. Although I'm remote, my wife's
               | job is tied to a location here. We both want to live
               | someplace with a strong international community, access
               | to an airport with lots of overseas flights, and that is
               | a reasonably large population center. (IMHO Seattle is
               | still small, and we are lacking many things for it,
               | although that has gotten better over the last decade or
               | so.)
               | 
               | The only other locations that meet our criteria have
               | either garbage politics or garbage weather. (not that I'm
               | happy with Seattle's politics, but at least our city
               | council is mostly incompetent and a little bit malicious,
               | as opposed to mostly malicious and a little bit
               | incompetent!)
        
             | eitally wrote:
             | Several years ago (when I was a manager at Google) one of
             | my employees needed to relocate overseas in order to
             | facilitate coming back under a more preferable visa type,
             | and they were looking at options. For the same role where
             | they were earning $135k base in Mountain View, it was going
             | to translate to about $115k in London, $155k in Zurich, and
             | only $89k in Paris. They chose Zurich and ended up staying
             | there for over five years before moving back to the bay
             | area.
        
             | kaimac wrote:
             | peak hacker news comment
        
             | callalex wrote:
             | You can't leave money for your kids in the USA unless you
             | have several million dollars lying around, because health
             | care will eat up all of your savings in old age.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | If you have a good relationship with your kids, give them
               | (or trusts for them) the money as you are aging (and
               | before the 5-year look-back period).
               | 
               | Then, your family will have a choice as to whether to
               | spend that money on you/your spouse or to not spend it on
               | you and to rely on Medicaid.
        
               | toephu2 wrote:
               | Why would healthcare eat up all your savings in old age?
               | Everyone in America is required to have health insurance.
               | 
               | No one actually pays $50k out of pocket for surgery. Most
               | of it is covered by insurance.
        
           | asdasdsddd wrote:
           | That's what the chinese thought in the 18th century :).
           | 
           | A fun quote for the europeans here:
           | 
           | "Our land is so wealthy and prosperous that we possess all
           | things. Therefore, there is no need to exchange the produce
           | of foreign barbarians for our own." - The emperor at the
           | height of Qing China
        
             | asah wrote:
             | This was in fact so true that the Brits forced the matter:
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opium_Wars
        
               | anon291 wrote:
               | If your lesson from history is that hubris works, then
               | that's very interesting.
        
               | Der_Einzige wrote:
               | Ironically, the most drug liberal places in the world,
               | i.e. Silicon Valley, are the source of what this article
               | talks about, productivity gains!
               | 
               | You just need the right drugs, in this case,
               | Psychedelics.
        
               | trhway wrote:
               | That is the point - the Brits were able to force the
               | matter. If you aren't up-to-date on technology,
               | specifically military tech, you're going to have matters
               | like this forced upon you. Que the Ukraine giving up the
               | nukes (and later getting rid of even non-nuclear
               | missiles).
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | There are a few centuries and a lot of decline between
               | those.
        
             | DiogenesKynikos wrote:
             | The Emperor is not necessarily the guy to go to for the
             | man-in-the-street view from China.
        
           | bjourne wrote:
           | Though it has very much decreased in recent years due to
           | rampant inflation. My real wage has decreased since increases
           | have been lower than inflation. For unemployed and low
           | earners it is even worse.
        
           | voidfunc wrote:
           | Enjoy it while it lasts, your social programs are a gift from
           | the US historically subsidizing your defense.
        
             | quonn wrote:
             | This always went both ways with the EU providing a market.
             | When the US stops to provide defense, watch and see the EU
             | reaction, starting with all things digital.
        
               | anon291 wrote:
               | As India and China both produce solid middle classes
               | demanding American products, this will matter less and
               | less. We're already seeing this on the West Coast of
               | America (what I know) where Asian and Indian cultures are
               | gaining more and more influence.
        
               | quonn wrote:
               | It will not matter less and less because China can and
               | will satisfy that demand themselves without relying on
               | American products. So far the US exports about half as
               | much to China compared to the exports to the EU (2022).
               | And it will likely export less to China in the future.
               | 
               | India is not even close to replacing the huge European
               | middle class and even if it were it has proven to be a
               | highly unreliable partner. And so far the US exports to
               | India are not even 15% of what is exported to the EU
               | (2022).
               | 
               | The EU middle class comprises around 280 million people.
               | Almost as many as the whole US population. And it is
               | culturally and politically aligned with the US to a large
               | extent. It's a huge market to loose.
               | 
               | Nobody would drop 15-20% of their exports to try to save
               | 5% of their defense budget all while loosing influence
               | and power.
        
           | naming_the_user wrote:
           | This feels like a huge generalization to me.
           | 
           | The US, UK, EU and realistically most developed countries I
           | would say have fairly similar quality of life within margin
           | of error. I've travelled a fair amount and everywhere is
           | basically the same.
           | 
           | For an individual it's really going to come down to lifestyle
           | and what you prefer. Some people like urban living and
           | walkability, if that's you then you probably want Japan or
           | old world metropolitan European cities. Some people want a
           | house on a few acres and national parks the size of
           | countries, if that's you then you probably want the US.
           | 
           | Working cultures are different but then there is no average
           | on that either. People on HN tend to assume everyone is an
           | office worker or something which is actually a fairly narrow
           | slice of the middle of the spectrum.
           | 
           | Equally though, online (you can see it in this thread)
           | there's sometimes a weird focus on the absolute worst
           | outcomes which I've always found baffling. If you're planning
           | to become a poor fentanyl addict then yeah, don't go to the
           | US, find a country with a safety net, it'll be more fun.
        
             | amrocha wrote:
             | The USA is a horrible country to anyone looking in from the
             | outside.
             | 
             | Incredibly expensive, low wages, no safety net, car and
             | health insurance are mandatory, homelessness everywhere,
             | gun violence is rampant, and the government is a
             | dictatorship disguised as a democracy.
             | 
             | No one would actively choose to live there if it wasn't for
             | high salaries in certain fields.
        
               | lordloki wrote:
               | I can understand this perspective if you've never been
               | here and base it all on what you read online.
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | I lived in Canada for 12 years and regularly visited the
               | US for pleasure and work.
        
               | signatoremo wrote:
               | Versus people who live in the US in this thread who told
               | you otherwise?
        
               | paulsutter wrote:
               | The bizarre thing is that the problems are fixable. The
               | federal government already spends more per capita on
               | healthcare than other developed countries, just that our
               | healthcare is so much more expensive and for no good
               | reason.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | Our healthcare system, to the extent that it was
               | intentionally designed at all, implicitly prioritizes
               | consumer choice and immediate access over cost
               | efficiency. While there are certainly gaps in access and
               | affordability, the typical middle-class voter can still
               | get elective care quickly from a variety of local
               | providers. Most other developed countries have longer
               | queues or certain services are less available. We also
               | subsidize drug development costs for the rest of the
               | world. Whether those are _good_ reasons for paying more
               | is a matter of opinion.
               | 
               | Of course there's also a certain amount of waste, fraud,
               | and abuse that inflate our costs.
               | 
               | https://peterattiamd.com/saumsutaria/
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | The US certainly does not subsidize drugs for the rest of
               | the world. It literally would rather enforce patents than
               | save lives.
               | 
               | And there are no long queues for healthcare where I live.
               | Service is cheap and insurance is nationalized.
        
               | techdmn wrote:
               | You left out one of the most important products of our
               | system, profits!
        
               | Maarten88 wrote:
               | > much more expensive and for no good reason
               | 
               | There is a good reason: profits and management pay. And
               | greed is good, right?
               | 
               | > the problems are fixable
               | 
               | Fixable in theory. The US would first have to fix the
               | underlying issue, which i.m.o. is government, media and
               | even judicial capture by financial interests.
               | Billionaires are now openly buying "shares" in those. I
               | don't see any sign of it changing anytime soon. It only
               | seems to get worse.
        
               | sgerenser wrote:
               | It's not just profits and management. Administrators,
               | nurses, and yes, definitely doctors, get paid far higher
               | in the U.S. than in other countries. Who wants to be the
               | one to say we need to cut staff, and cut wages for nurses
               | and doctors, in order to bring down costs? Just cutting
               | fat from insurance companies, or having the government
               | step in as insurer with no other changes, wouldn't move
               | the needle much.
        
               | Maarten88 wrote:
               | I'm pretty sure healthcare costs in the US are also
               | higher as a percentage of GDP compared to EU, so higher
               | wages would not explain the difference. Also productivity
               | should be higher?
               | 
               | I think pharmaceutical, hospital, insurance and legal
               | companies take all the money.
        
               | GolfPopper wrote:
               | >There is a good reason: profits and management pay. And
               | greed is good, right?
               | 
               | I tried to find a health care CEO to comment, but they're
               | all busy hiding from assassins.
        
               | narrator wrote:
               | Most of the murders are just in a few zip codes[1]. In
               | some cities they are literally concentrated in a few city
               | blocks. So if you move to the U.S don't live in obvious
               | high crime areas and you'll be fine. The best way to tell
               | if an area is high crime is to look for Starbucks. The
               | more comfortable the seating in the Starbucks, the less
               | crime there is. High crime areas have no Starbucks or
               | they have Starbucks without seating or bathrooms. These
               | are known as "Problem" Starbucks and they progressively
               | remove things like outlets, seating, toilets, operating
               | hours until problems stop. If things don't improve, they
               | just close.
               | 
               | [1] https://crimeresearch.org/2017/04/number-murders-
               | county-54-u...
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | I personally would like to live somewhere where all the
               | starbucks are comfortable. That's why I live in Tokyo.
        
               | bpt3 wrote:
               | So you felt like living in Canada gave you a clear
               | understanding of the high cost of living and low wages in
               | the US (we'll ignore how wrong you are about this for the
               | moment), and your example of a more affordable place to
               | live is... Tokyo?
               | 
               | Thanks for making it clear I should treat your posts as a
               | regurgitation of terminally online zoomer talking points
               | from here on out.
        
               | lurking_swe wrote:
               | What you read online can definitely sway your opinion,
               | especially if you've never traveled to or lived in that
               | country for an extended period of time. It can give you a
               | misleading perspective.
               | 
               | I've lived in both EU and US, and EU definitely has the
               | better quality of life for the average person. I 100%
               | agree.
               | 
               | However if you are at all an ambitious youngster with
               | huge dreams, the EU is where dreams go to die lol. EU
               | living is what i'd call "coasting in life". It's a safe,
               | sheltered life, the government is very functional and
               | "takes care" of you which i'm sure is comforting for
               | many. It's not for everyone though.
               | 
               | In other words, I would recommend the typical person
               | moves to the EU if they have the opportunity. Their
               | quality of life would improve and they would be happier.
               | For anyone that's very ambitious or very talented at
               | something, your efforts will pay off 10x in the US, and
               | you'll have a better quality of life than your EU
               | counterparts.
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | I'm not reading anything online, I literally lived in
               | Canada for 12 years and saw first hand how awful the US
               | is.
               | 
               | You would have to pay me a lot to live there, which
               | explains the astronomical wages for tech workers.
               | 
               | And I disagree about your efforts paying off more in the
               | US. In a couple areas like tech sure, but most people
               | would be better off somewhere else.
        
               | eitally wrote:
               | That doesn't explain the astronomical wages for tech
               | workers at all. Tech workers are paid highly because
               | their employers are generating huge revenues per employee
               | and the cost of living in these coastal hubs is
               | exceptional [even before the most recent tech boom]. Tech
               | workers not in Seattle, Bay Area, LA/Irvine, Boston, NYC
               | and DC/NoVA are not getting paid nearly the same as tech
               | workers in those places. Even in Chicago, Miami, Houston,
               | Austin, Denver, Boulder, Raleigh, Charlotte, Philly --
               | they're all 20% or more lower comp. And what I'm not sure
               | most folks on the outside looking in realize is just how
               | much better tech companies pay for tech roles than non-
               | tech companies pay for the same roles (usually in "IT"
               | organizations). A SWE with 5yr experience at Google might
               | be making $325k/yr total comp, but a SWE with 5yr
               | experience at a F500 manufacturing company might be
               | making $100k (and possibly working on harder problems).
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | The Google engineer is probably working directly on a
               | product (or at least in a job function that is paid as if
               | their members are working on the high-margin part of the
               | business). The F500 manufacturing SWE is treated as part
               | of the costs (and probably as NRE or overhead rather than
               | as part of the product or even part of COGS).
        
               | lurking_swe wrote:
               | it's funny because most of the US has the perception that
               | canada is a mess and a horrible place to live too. Awful
               | job prospects, migrant problems, horrible weather, and a
               | housing market that makes the US look cheap. Just to name
               | a few.
               | 
               | Not sure if that's true at all, i've never been to
               | canada! So take those opinions with a huge grain of salt
               | lol.
               | 
               | What's my point? I guess that perceptions can be very
               | different.
               | 
               | Anyway since you left canada, I hope you found someplace
               | where you are happier. :-)
        
               | anonzzzies wrote:
               | Depends what quality of life means to you right? My
               | parents were average income but I never had money stress;
               | worst that happens is the state pays for them or me etc.
               | I have many millions now because selling some businesses;
               | my life is the same; high quality. So what do you mean? I
               | can only read 'more cars' or something in your post.
        
               | zamalek wrote:
               | > Depends what quality of life means to you right?
               | 
               | I recently got laid off for the 2nd time in 4 years
               | (probably better off than most, to be honest). I'm done
               | with shooting for the moon. I am now strongly considering
               | a "boring" job - the kind that keeps the basics of
               | society running and has government contracts. I can
               | bootstrap _my own_ moonshots over the weekend (I 'm
               | probably going to make split keyboards with Rust firmware
               | FWIW).
               | 
               | So, yeah totally, it can even change for an individual
               | pretty drastically.
        
               | lurking_swe wrote:
               | your last comment made me chuckle because I actually hate
               | driving. :-) I agree with you, quality of life is very
               | personal!
               | 
               | I'll share what a quality life means to me. For context,
               | I grew up middle class, my father was a city employee,
               | and my mother was a stay at home mom for a number of
               | years.
               | 
               | * large emergency fund (zero stress about paying mortgage
               | or losing job).
               | 
               | * I don't have to look at prices when buying groceries or
               | eating out.
               | 
               | * Time and money for 1-2 vacations per year. At least 1
               | international. My spouse and I love to visit new places.
               | 
               | * I can work remotely outside the US for 4 weeks
               | internationally per year. I typically stay with my dad's
               | side of the family (in europe) for 3 weeks each year,
               | while working remotely. Great way to spend lots of family
               | time and not burn vacation time.
               | 
               | * No stress about medical care or costs.
               | 
               | * Ability to start a family without money stress.
               | 
               | * Good work life balance, no more than 40yrs on average.
               | Minimum 3 weeks vacation per year.
               | 
               | * Ability to retire earlier, to pursue hobbies, if i
               | wish.
               | 
               | * Easy access (45 min or less) to quality outdoor
               | recreation on the weekends. Things like hiking, kayaking,
               | etc.
               | 
               | A lot of those are luxuries, but certainly feel like a
               | quality life for me. Yes, I realize how lucky I am. MOST
               | people in the US are not so fortunate. I'm just
               | explaining what quality of life might mean to someone...
               | It's not about buying pointless junk for me.
        
               | shafoshaf wrote:
               | >>>>large emergency fund (zero stress about paying
               | mortgage or losing job).
               | 
               | I don't know about the EU, but in the UK I know their
               | mortgages are usually fixed for only like 5 years. In the
               | US they are typically 30 year fixed. That can cause a lot
               | of instability when interest rates go up.
        
               | BurningFrog wrote:
               | American wages are quite a bit higher than European on
               | average: https://www.worlddata.info/average-
               | income.php?utm_source=cha...
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | And most of that money goes to higher food prices, health
               | insurance and cars.
        
               | Matticus_Rex wrote:
               | No, it really doesn't.
               | 
               | PPP-adjusted disposable income per capita (meaning, after
               | all the necessary expenses) is _by far_ the highest in
               | the world:
               | https://www.statista.com/statistics/725764/oecd-
               | household-di...
               | 
               | Food spending as a portion of total expenditure is the
               | lowest in the world:
               | https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/food-expenditure-
               | share-gd...
               | 
               | Out of pocket health care expenditure as a share of GDP
               | per capita is fairly low in comparison with other wealthy
               | nations. Of European nations, only Monaco, Luxembourg,
               | the Netherlands, and France are lower (and not by much!).
               | 
               | Transportation spending is indeed higher in the US than
               | most of the developed world, but it doesn't eat away much
               | at the increased disposable income per capita --
               | proportionate to household income we're talking about a
               | few thousand dollars higher, and most of that is a very
               | recent development as costs went way up over the last few
               | years.
        
               | AuryGlenz wrote:
               | And yet we have the highest disposable income in the
               | world: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disposable_household
               | _and_per_c...
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | >The (average) income is therefore calculated according
               | to the Atlas method from the quotient of the gross
               | national income and the population of the country.
               | 
               | Ah yeah, surely that doesn't get insanely screwed up by
               | America's near top of the list inequality?
               | 
               | The average salary for 9 homeless people and 1 CEO is
               | $100k! Americans are definitely better off than Europe!
        
               | Matticus_Rex wrote:
               | I mean, the same is true of median income as well. People
               | overestimate how much inequality affects the actual end
               | numbers in the US. The median incomes in the poorest US
               | states are still higher than most of the world.
        
               | educasean wrote:
               | Are you saying that for people making median level of
               | income, the US is a horrible place to live compared to
               | the rest of the world?
               | 
               | As someone who was able to experience both perspectives
               | (immigrated to the US and became a citizen) I cannot
               | agree at all with this statement.
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | Yes, that's exactly what I'm saying. Keep in mind median
               | income is 37K, 50K in cities. If you think you can live a
               | fulfilling life on that income then I'd be impressed.
        
               | educasean wrote:
               | For you, the question is theoretical. For me, I've lived
               | it.
               | 
               | Before I transitioned into software, I had a very a
               | fulfilling life being paid a mediocre salary as a graphic
               | designer, supporting my family for years and investing
               | plenty of time and money into my hobbies.
               | 
               | I don't know how to convince you of the very real
               | experience I and many others here are having, and I don't
               | really feel like it's a good use of my time. Feel free to
               | keep holding onto your theories.
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | Median _household_ income is way higher than 37K. More
               | like 80k+
        
               | csa wrote:
               | Are you on the outside looking in, and this is what the
               | US looks like to you?
               | 
               | My commentary as someone on the inside who has also been
               | on the outside looking in:
               | 
               | > Incredibly expensive, low wages
               | 
               | Pick one. Wages trend higher where it's expensive. Wages
               | trend lower where it's not.
               | 
               | There are also tough-to-see subsidies like prop 13 and
               | rent control in CA (as an example).
               | 
               | Currently the US appears expensive from the outside due
               | to a strong dollar.
               | 
               | From the inside, it's more nuanced -- specifically, the
               | distribution of wealth across the capital class and the
               | worker class is skewing much more towards the capital
               | class than at any time in our lives, but is trending
               | towards a common state if looking at a longer time scale.
               | 
               | > no safety net,
               | 
               | No European-style safety net.
               | 
               | Japan doesn't have a safety net either. Is it "horrible"?
               | 
               | The US has a substantial safety net via charity. Most of
               | the people seen in the news who need it (e.g., homeless
               | folks) _choose_ not to use it, since it comes with
               | restrictions like not being on drugs.
               | 
               | > car and health insurance are mandatory,
               | 
               | Yay?
               | 
               | Fwiw, health insurance is federally subsidized for low
               | income folks.
               | 
               | Car insurance is a good thing, imho.
               | 
               | > homelessness everywhere,
               | 
               | In many cities, yes. Outside of those... not really. If
               | you don't live or work in a city, this is only something
               | you see on TV.
               | 
               | > gun violence is rampant,
               | 
               | None of my friends, family, or acquaintances _in my
               | entire life_ have been a victim of gun violence. I know
               | of three people who committed suicide with their own guns
               | (which is counted in "gun violence numbers"), but I don't
               | think that's what you're referring to.
               | 
               | I realize that's a class issue, and that there is more
               | gun violence in the US than in Europe, but it's just not
               | part of the day-to-day reality for most people.
               | 
               | > and the government is a dictatorship disguised as a
               | democracy
               | 
               | Objectively not true, at least for now.
               | 
               | The system of checks and balances baked into the US
               | system is failing tragically at the moment, but we are
               | not at the level of a dictatorship yet.
               | 
               | > No one would actively choose to live there if it wasn't
               | for high salaries in certain fields.
               | 
               | I don't think that this is universally true.
               | 
               | I know plenty of immigrants who make their money, retire,
               | and choose to stay in the US. Some people go back, but _a
               | lot_ stay, and with purpose.
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | > Are you on the outside looking in, and this is what the
               | US looks like to you?
               | 
               | No, I lived in Canada for 12 years, my family lived in
               | the US for 6 years, and I regularly visited for work and
               | pleasure. My first hand experience is that the US is a
               | shithole.
               | 
               | > Pick one. Wages trend higher where it's expensive.
               | Wages trend lower where it's not.
               | 
               | No. Slightly higher wages do not offset the incredible
               | cost of living in cities. And likewise, if you live in a
               | cheap area you still have to compete with everyone else
               | for certain goods.
               | 
               | > Japan doesn't have a safety net either. Is it
               | "horrible"?
               | 
               | Japan does have a safety net.
               | 
               | > The US has a substantial safety net via charity
               | 
               | lol. Guess I'll die unless Jeff Bezos decides to give me
               | money.
               | 
               | > Fwiw, health insurance is federally subsidized for low
               | income folks.
               | 
               | It should be federally covered for everyone in the
               | country.
               | 
               | > None of my friends, family, or acquaintances in my
               | entire life have been a victim of gun violence
               | 
               | Yes, that's statistics for you. I'm Brazilian but I
               | haven't been murdered even though lots of people are
               | murdered in Brazil.
               | 
               | > I know of three people who committed suicide with their
               | own guns
               | 
               | This is gun violence.
               | 
               | > it's just not part of the day-to-day reality for most
               | people.
               | 
               | It literally is. A ton of people own guns for
               | "protection", because what if the other person has a gun.
               | There are areas of cities you avoid because they're
               | dangerous. If you get stopped in your car by a cop,
               | there's a non-zero chance you will get shot. Kids
               | literally have active shooter drills in school. It
               | literally is part of day-to-day reality for most people.
               | You're just in it so you don't realize it.
               | 
               | > The system of checks and balances baked into the US
               | system is failing tragically at the moment, but we are
               | not at the level of a dictatorship yet.
               | 
               | Yes you are. You get a choice between two parties who are
               | basically the same. 70% of the country's vote is thrown
               | away in federal elections. A vote in Wyoming counts for
               | 4x more than a vote in California. Counties are
               | gerrymandered so badly your vote doesn't matter even in
               | local elections. Voter suppression is table stakes.
               | That's not a democracy.
        
               | naming_the_user wrote:
               | Realistically I think the guy is centering on the
               | experience of the poor only and using that as the quality
               | of life index.
               | 
               | In another comment he talks about car insurance and food
               | costs as if those are even major expenditures?
               | 
               | For a European moving to the US the only actual
               | difference is health insurance, and even then, at low
               | income you probably end up paying about the same or
               | slightly more as European taxes, at a higher income you
               | come out significantly ahead.
               | 
               | I also don't know a single person in the entirety of
               | Europe/UK who doesn't own a car outside of the megacities
               | like London, Paris etc, so it seems like a daft
               | comparison given that car insurance rates are fairly
               | similar in UK and US.
        
               | SpicyUme wrote:
               | >None of my friends, family, or acquaintances in my
               | entire life have been a victim of gun violence. ... I
               | realize that's a class issue, and that there is more gun
               | violence in the US than in Europe, but it's just not part
               | of the day-to-day reality for most people.
               | 
               | I'm curious roughly how old you are. I grew up in a
               | fairly well off suburb of Seattle and am in my mid 30s.
               | At some point around 2020 I realized that among my
               | friends, parents/kids of friends, and coworkers there had
               | been 8 or 9 incidents of newsworthy gun violence in my
               | fairly close contacts. In a way I would consider myself
               | as having grown up fairly sheltered and so it was a
               | surprising realization.
               | 
               | Newsworthy used to avoid digression about mass shootings
               | vs shootings, as you did about suicide. I think most were
               | reported as mass shootings but I'm not certain now.
               | 
               | *posted from a new account while traveling, I'm not
               | meaning to come off as a troll jumping in to focus on
               | guns as a topic. It just stood out to me as I was
               | reading.
        
               | csa wrote:
               | > I'm curious roughly how old you are.
               | 
               | 50s.
               | 
               | Note that I grew up around guns, and most areas I have
               | lived in while in the US are gun friendly.
               | 
               | In my family and peer group, gun safety was taught at a
               | very young age, and it was taught strictly -- guns
               | weren't to be treated like toys, don't even _appear_ to
               | mishandle a gun (e.g., by flagging someone, even if
               | obviously unloaded), and don't wield a weapon unless
               | you're willing to pull the trigger and neutralize /kill
               | them (n.b., avoiding the situation or running away is
               | often the best option).
               | 
               | That said, I know of three people (not close to me, but
               | in my wide circle of acquaintances) who have had their
               | guns confiscated by LEOs, each time by a spurned spouse
               | who alleged that they were in danger or the gun owner was
               | a danger to themselves, and each time was a generous
               | interpretation of the circumstances, imho.
               | 
               | > there had been 8 or 9 incidents of newsworthy gun
               | violence in my fairly close contacts.
               | 
               | If you don't mind me asking, was there a common theme to
               | the incidents, or was it just random stuff?
               | 
               | > I'm not meaning to come off as a troll jumping in to
               | focus on guns as a topic.
               | 
               | Quality comment. Not troll at all, imho.
        
               | themaninthedark wrote:
               | Your comment is interesting to me as a comment further up
               | sates that: "People move from China to India despite the
               | higher prices in America precisely because the increase
               | in wages is more than enough to offset the higher
               | prices." https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42321211
               | 
               | So while expensive holds, the low wages does not.
               | 
               | > no safety net There are safety nets in the US, just not
               | one singular one nor is it always easy to apply or get
               | benefits.
               | 
               | > car and health insurance are mandatory What countries
               | don't have mandatory car insurance? Which ones don't have
               | mandatory health insurance?(Universal health care doesn't
               | count, as that is mandatory and taken from taxes.)
               | Further, you can eschew health insurance in the US. Many
               | people do(for various reasons, cost being one of them),
               | it is just not that wise of a move as healthcare here is
               | very expensive.
               | 
               | > gun violence is rampant We have pockets of areas where
               | violence, not just gun, is rampant. I think a fairer
               | analysis shows that it is the intersection of poverty and
               | also drugs but I can not speak fully to this topic.
               | 
               | >the government is a dictatorship disguised as a
               | democracy. Is this talking about the current
               | government(Joe Biden?), the future administration(Donald
               | Trump) or the administrative government(deep state?)?
               | 
               | I would agree that our government is not functioning as
               | well as it could, I am also not sure if I have seen any
               | other governments do any better.
               | 
               | Japan: Due process with police holding suspects and
               | trying to force confessions.
               | 
               | South Korea: Recent Martial Law issue
               | 
               | France: Numerous protests occurring
               | 
               | Great Britain: Prime Minister just told all farmers "If
               | you don't like the changes we have implemented, you can
               | leave." Protests and counter protests with violence on
               | both sides but police seem more focused on arresting
               | people for social media posts.
               | 
               | I can't think of any recent issues from the Scandinavian
               | countries but that is more likely due to my lack of
               | exposure to media than lack of issues.
               | 
               | Please let me know which countries you find to be great.
        
               | VirusNewbie wrote:
               | I have an objectively higher QoL than almost anyone in
               | the EU or Japan who wasn't born rich.
               | 
               | After many years as a SWE without a college degree, I was
               | able to buy a large 5 new 5 bedroom house within ~25
               | minutes of my employer in a beautiful city, I have a full
               | time nanny for my children, a luxury car, padded
               | retirement, and plenty of other money to buy what I want.
               | 
               | Where else can a smart, hardworking person achieve that
               | who didn't come from generational wealth?
               | 
               | I'm not so unique either, I have some friends I've known
               | who similarly didn't come from money and have been able
               | to build up careers that support a wonderful lifestyle.
        
               | Aurornis wrote:
               | > The USA is a horrible country to anyone looking in from
               | the outside.
               | 
               | When I was at a multinational corporation we had people
               | from our EU and Asia offices fly out to the United States
               | for a couple weeks at a time (their choice).
               | 
               | We'd go out to lunch every day and some of us would have
               | them over for dinner at our houses to get to know them.
               | 
               | Many of them were young and had developed their idea of
               | the US from Reddit, Twitter, and TikTok. They'd show up
               | thinking they were walking into a hellscape of a country
               | because that's what they saw on Reddit.
               | 
               | It was a rite of passage for all of them to slowly
               | realize that the US in person is different than the US
               | according to Reddit or TikTok.
               | 
               | One example that came up frequently was minimum wage.
               | Reddit talks about the federal minimum wage all the time
               | as if Americans everywhere are making minimum wage. We'd
               | have to explain that our state minimum wage was
               | significantly higher than the federal minimum wage. We'd
               | also explain that it's basically impossible to find a job
               | paying that minimum wage right now because even the post
               | office and local fast food places were hiring at higher
               | wages.
               | 
               | The list went on and on. I remember several coworkers who
               | went from thinking the US was a horrible country to
               | asking us to sponsor their moves to the US.
               | 
               | > No one would actively choose to live there if it wasn't
               | for high salaries in certain fields.
               | 
               | That's a chronically online take, but it's completely
               | wrong. Immigration demand to the United States is
               | extremely high, even for jobs that don't pay high
               | salaries.
        
               | toephu2 wrote:
               | I don't think you know what dictatorship means. Anyone
               | living in a real dictatorship would be offended by your
               | comment.
        
             | shusson wrote:
             | > The US, UK, EU and realistically most developed countries
             | I would say have fairly similar quality of life within
             | margin of error.
             | 
             | Having lived in the EU (Netherlands) and the US
             | (California), I would say the inequality in the US is much
             | worse. Especially in larger cities. To the point where I
             | sometimes wonder if I'm living in a "developed" country.
        
               | naming_the_user wrote:
               | I'm British. When I visit the US I would agree that
               | inequality is significantly higher, but it also seems
               | quite clear that overall wealth is significantly higher
               | too. Second and third tier cities in the US are clearly
               | still fairly well off in a way that just isn't the case
               | across Europe.
               | 
               | The thing I tend to always fall back on is the last part
               | of my comment. You don't want to be poor in the US; there
               | is no bottom. Whereas if you're poor in Europe usually
               | there's a minimum standard that you'll fall to.
               | 
               | For most people the relevant factor I think is what the
               | QoL in their cohort is like. I say it's a bit of a wash,
               | because basically, if we limit the discussion to EU and
               | US, if you're well off the US is probably better, if
               | you're poor Europe is probably better, if you're in the
               | middle then there are trade offs.
        
               | shafoshaf wrote:
               | There is also a lot of impact from immigration that the
               | US has that Europe has not. Immigrants tend not to be at
               | the high end. The US has had a large influx of immigrants
               | (around 14% of the whole population right now) vs just 6%
               | for Europe. (from quick Google checks.) I'm not saying
               | that is good or bad, but if you keep adding at the lowest
               | end of income you increase the inequality if the most
               | wealthy are experiencing gains.
        
             | ricardobayes wrote:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_quality_of_life_indices
        
           | jandrewrogers wrote:
           | The higher quality-of-life was likely true at one time but I
           | think it is quite arguable now in much of Europe. There is a
           | palpable sense of decline that weighs too heavily on
           | everything. How "quality" is a life without meaningful
           | optimism for the future? It is the quality-of-life of a
           | pensioner waiting for the graveyard.
           | 
           | An underrated benefit of the markedly higher standard of
           | living in the US is that people can choose to trade standard
           | of living for quality of life if they wish. American culture
           | seems to preference maxing standard of living but that is
           | optional, and there are plenty of people that make other
           | choices.
        
             | amrocha wrote:
             | How is the "standard of living" in the US in any way higher
             | than europe?
        
               | jibe wrote:
               | Air conditioning
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | You can just buy an AC in Europe, most of the time you
               | don't need it though
        
               | Workaccount2 wrote:
               | The US has wealth disparity, not lack of wealth.
               | 
               | The US is an incredible place to live if you have
               | valuable skills, and a below average place to live if you
               | don't.
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | No, the US is a shitty place to live if you have money,
               | and a dystopian place to live if you don't.
        
           | YetAnotherNick wrote:
           | Even within EU there is a clear correlation between economy
           | and quality of life between countries. While yes more social
           | policy improves quality of life, it can't compensate if the
           | economy difference is too high.
        
           | cynicalsecurity wrote:
           | This quality of life can disappear in a matter of seconds. EU
           | is still not actively working on protecting itself from the
           | Russian threat. The moment Russia attacks which is going to
           | happen since this is what the fascist Russian dictatorship
           | wants, we could kiss our quality of life goodbye.
        
           | fakedang wrote:
           | The EU could be a powerful neutral third block, focused on
           | providing the best for its citizens, but for that they would
           | have to keep up economically. The EU is currently a massive
           | laggard, worse than China in a lot of metrics, yet having
           | dalliances with some levels of Chinese authoritarianism. Not
           | to mention the current unsustainable state of its welfare
           | state.
        
           | rdm_blackhole wrote:
           | You forgot to mention that this quality of life is bought
           | with debt and deficits that have been running for the last 30
           | years.
           | 
           | Look at what's happening in France for proof that this is
           | just not sustainable. The US has a massive advantage
           | tough,their currency is the global currency accepted and
           | needed everywhere that is backed by the US army. Much less so
           | the Euro.
           | 
           | The cost of all these social programs has to come from
           | somewhere and currently the majority of these costs are
           | shouldered by the middle class that is being squeezed to the
           | max and speaking as someone from the middle class, I can
           | assure you that having a couple of extra weeks of holiday and
           | more job safety (if you are into that sort of thing) is not
           | worth 55% to 65% of my gross income.
           | 
           | Even universal healthcare is crumbling now.
           | 
           | At some point the EU will need to get it's productivity up
           | and become competitive once again or all this quality of life
           | will have to go as it won't be financially possible to
           | continue on this path.
        
           | eikenberry wrote:
           | This is assuming nation-state conquests are out of the
           | picture.
        
         | roncesvalles wrote:
         | PPP is an increasingly irrelevant notion in a globalized,
         | digital, and immigration-friendly world. An iPhone or a Toyota
         | Corolla costs the same in the US as it does in China. There is
         | no remarkable arbitrage with real estate either - you're paying
         | for the location and everything that comes with it. There is no
         | secret city where the rent is low, there are plenty of well-
         | paying jobs, you enjoy freedom of speech and can be reasonably
         | sure the milk isn't tainted with melamine (tangent: due to
         | strict US immigration policies and corporate RTO, the Bay Area
         | comes close).
         | 
         | PPP suffers from the same problem that "basket of goods" CPI
         | suffers from in that it doesn't account for differences in
         | quality:
         | 
         | - of course a car costs more today than it did in 1980, it's a
         | far better car
         | 
         | - of course a loaf of bread costs more in California than it
         | does in India - I have certain guarantees about the pesticide
         | levels in the wheat, the accuracy of the labeling, and my
         | ability to seek damages from the legal system in case I chip my
         | tooth on a stone, that I don't have in India
         | 
         | At best, PPP tells you something about the differences in cost
         | of labor. But labor isn't everything you buy.
        
           | pg314 wrote:
           | > An iPhone or a Toyota Corolla costs the same in the US as
           | it does in China.
           | 
           | A maxed out iPhone costs RMB 13999 in China, which is about
           | USD 1925. The same iPhone costs USD 1599 in the US. In Brazil
           | it costs the equivalent of USD 2565. PPP is still very much
           | relevant.
        
             | roncesvalles wrote:
             | Shouldn't it cost less in China?
        
               | Cumpiler69 wrote:
               | Why?
        
             | dtquad wrote:
             | Each country has their own misleading way of calculating
             | PPP. Some probably include the iPhone price.
             | 
             | PPP is useless misleading nonsense.
        
             | losvedir wrote:
             | That's the opposite of how PPP usually works. Purchasing
             | Power _Parity_ means that although you earn much less in
             | China, things also cost less, so your cost of living and
             | relative wealth are the same.
             | 
             | So PPP usually is a boost to the poorer countries. The post
             | you're responding to claims that this is less and less
             | relevant because the things they want to buy are global in
             | nature. The fact that these things cost _more_ actually
             | reinforces that point.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | You often are better off in poorer countries anyway even
               | if some goods cost more. My coworkers in India have
               | servants that clean their house every day - I make more
               | $$ than them by a bit but I could not afford that and so
               | I personally have to spend a few hours in cleaning every
               | week and my house isn't as clean (because I'm spending
               | less time cleaning)
        
           | DiogenesKynikos wrote:
           | How often are you buying iPhones and Toyota Corollas? PPP
           | conversion rates are based on what people actually spend
           | their money on. Easily tradeable goods, like iPhones and
           | cars, make up only one component of GDP.
        
         | kwanbix wrote:
         | When I hear "America's economy is soaring," I can't help but
         | think it probably just means the rich are getting richer.
         | 
         | Don't get me wrong--I'm not a communist. But it's clear to me,
         | especially when you look at how the middle class is struggling
         | worldwide, that capitalism in its current form isn't
         | sustainable.
         | 
         | What we need is some kind of "Capitalism 2.0" or
         | "Capitalism++".
         | 
         | It makes no sense that someone with 300 billion dollars pays
         | less (or even nothing) than a person that makes 100k per year.
         | And this happens on ALL countries.
         | 
         | EDIT for those downvoting: just watch this video:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QPKKQnijnsM and then tell me
         | why I am wrong.
        
           | matwood wrote:
           | Covid and the subsequent recovery was and is definitely K
           | shaped. Someone with a house and assets has crushed it. Those
           | without have only fallen further behind.
        
             | kwanbix wrote:
             | Yes, COVID made it even worst. But this has been happening
             | since before COVID.
        
             | acchow wrote:
             | You nailed it. This was the case across all developed
             | economies, a direct result of money printing.
             | 
             | You did especially well if you had assets bought with
             | borrowed money since your gains were leveraged and your
             | loan principal inflated away.
        
               | kwanbix wrote:
               | COVID only made it worst, as companies took advantage of
               | COVID to inflate prices.
        
         | sanp wrote:
         | GDP PPP is based on assumptions that - 1) People indifferent
         | countries have the same basket of goods - probably not true for
         | someone living in US vs Chine vs India 2) Accurate pricing data
         | is available (which is not true for big categories like real
         | estate in India and China - a large part of the price is under
         | the table and unaccounted)
        
         | TeaBrain wrote:
         | PPP is only useful for measuring regional purchasing power
         | within a country. As a metric for comparing the relative
         | strength of global economies it is irrelevant.
        
           | Leary wrote:
           | Just the opposite. PPP is less useful when comparing intra-
           | country than inter-country. It's only relevant because there
           | are barriers to trade, especially in services.
        
             | encoderer wrote:
             | this is economist-brained and about the same as using CPI
             | as the only measure of inflation.
             | 
             | They are models.
        
         | bloppe wrote:
         | PPP matters on an individual level, but not at all on a
         | national level. GDP at market exchange rates is what actually
         | matters in terms of what a country can accomplish on the world
         | stage.
         | 
         | And even on an individual level, PPP struggles with accuracy,
         | because things are only ever _roughly_ equivalent. There 's a
         | reason why so many individual people are trying to move from
         | China and India to the US and EU, despite all the personal
         | financial disadvantages of doing so.
        
           | Leary wrote:
           | Wrong. People move from China to India despite the higher
           | prices in America precisely because the increase in wages is
           | more than enough to offset the higher prices.
        
             | bloppe wrote:
             | True, my comment was ignoring the fact that America's per-
             | capita GDP is higher even after controlling for PPP. People
             | can move for a lot of reasons. Having a much more
             | transparent and predictable justice system is also one of
             | them. For instance, my money would go a lot further in
             | Russia, but then I'd have to live in Russia.
             | 
             | But the point stands that market-exchange GDP matters more
             | when it comes to comparing the relative strength of
             | countries, rather than individuals, since it endows the
             | government with greater purchasing strength. An era of
             | trade wars might test this theory, but the ramifications of
             | absolute isolationism would be far more complex than that.
        
           | paganel wrote:
           | > PPP matters on an individual level, but not at all on a
           | national level. GDP at market exchange rates is what actually
           | matters in terms of what a country can accomplish on the
           | world stage.
           | 
           | That's demonstrably false cause the global super-powers (i.e.
           | the US, Russia and China, maybe India, too) mostly depend on
           | their internal markets only when it comes to their war
           | industry and to paying their soldiers. When it comes to that
           | PPP is a lot closer to the truth on the ground.
        
             | bloppe wrote:
             | If we're talking military only, then you have to look at
             | defense budgets, not GDP. The US defense budget is still
             | much bigger than China's and Russia's combined, even after
             | controlling for PPP.
             | 
             | By "what a country can accomplish on the world stage", I
             | meant a more holistic view of what a country can do, such
             | as investing, R&D, exploration, etc. (and also military).
        
           | deaddodo wrote:
           | > because things are only ever roughly equivalent.
           | 
           | This is what people seem to misunderstand about PPP. PPP
           | applies for daily/internal market goods. The cost of milk,
           | eggs, clothing, etc. Which is definitely important. On a more
           | macro scale it also compares a VW Vento in Mexico with a VW
           | Jetta in the US...two particularly different cars with
           | ~6000usd gap in price.
           | 
           | In other words, it compares basic goods for living; fudges
           | some basic "luxury" goods, and pretends that that's
           | representative of lifestyles. It ignores (in Mexico, for
           | example) the fact that consumer electronics are ~20-40% more
           | expensive (if available at all), access to truly equivalent
           | basic luxuries (a VW Jetta for a VW Jetta) is still slightly
           | more expensive, access to equivalent
           | security/infrastructure/business guarantees nigh impossible
           | to receive, and just the vast gulf of wealth inequality that
           | exists, etc.
        
         | georgeecollins wrote:
         | A lot of macro economic statistics should be taken with a grain
         | of salt, or more literally: approximations with a measurement
         | error.
         | 
         | PPP GDP is useful to compare, particularly politically because
         | if the cost of goods in a country is lower people are more
         | likely to be healthy / comfortable with less income. I think it
         | is a little dubious when you use PPP to compare th3e size of
         | two economies because 1) you are taking two approximate
         | measurements and multiplying them 2) countries with lower GDP /
         | person typically have higher relative purchasing power.
         | 
         | In "rich country" (high GDP /person) you can charge a lot for a
         | cup of coffee. In "poorer country" you are likely to charge
         | less. Therefore you can say that person in the poorer country
         | is not as badly off as the absolute numbers suggest. However,
         | if "poorer country" got to the same GDP / person purchasing
         | parity might end up being almost the same. Or, countries with
         | lots of poor regions will have a better PPP, but the cost of
         | living in the places where people have high income may have
         | similar costs.
         | 
         | And in general the most valuable purchasing power differences
         | don't happen for the most valuable and traded goods. An
         | equivalent airplane is going to cost as much in India as the
         | USA, on average. At some point the absolute number is also
         | important.
        
         | wtcactus wrote:
         | Europe is willingly self sabotaging their industry and energy
         | production, in the name of some completely irrational
         | environmentalist ideology that states that saving the planet is
         | achieved by making Europe poorer while allowing China, India
         | and a few others to pollute without any restrictions.
         | 
         | So yeah, we are getting poorer by the day and on the brink of a
         | major economic crisis. Just look at what is happening in
         | Germany.
        
           | NotSammyHagar wrote:
           | European auto makers are failing because they can't make EVs
           | that the market wants. And the market doesn't want their ICE
           | vehicles either. They over-focused on very expensive high end
           | EV vehicles. That's why they are hurting, it's not because
           | it's EVs.
           | 
           | European ICE vehicles are losing out in China because people
           | there don't want to buy any more gas vehicles, at least most
           | people are getting there. VWAG is losing marketshare in every
           | segment that I see. It's not green power that is killing
           | them, it's not many good cheap vehicles that are killing them
           | - gas or EV.
        
           | newyankee wrote:
           | On a per capita and historic basis the emissions of
           | developing countries are dwarfed orders of magnitude by
           | Europe and Western countries. Not to talk about all the land
           | conquered by the same countries.
        
             | wtcactus wrote:
             | Are you interested in "saving the planet" or in making sure
             | every country gets to pollute the same per capita on a
             | historical basis?
        
           | m4rtink wrote:
           | I still think the real goal is achieving energy indepedence,
           | so that Europe does not have to import fosil fules from some
           | very questionable and problematic countries.
           | 
           | Currently this also simulatenously gives those contries more
           | money, so they can be even bigger pain in the ass in the
           | future.
           | 
           | The sooner this flow can stop, the better.
        
         | encoderer wrote:
         | "Find some way to present the data so the bigger number is
         | actually worse"
         | 
         | PPP is cope.
        
         | 34573457 wrote:
         | Who cares? I'd rather be #1 in disposable income for my people
         | personally:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disposable_household_and_per_c...
        
         | NotSammyHagar wrote:
         | What's this conspiracy of the US and Europe to destroy
         | developing large economies world wide? If your plan is take
         | over your neighbors, say you'll wipe out democracies and kill
         | people and it's your destiny to win, then eventually the US &
         | Europe will do something.
         | 
         | Russia literally talks about taking over the countries around
         | them, bites off pieces and then subverts the countries that are
         | left. That was all before the first piece of Ukraine was taken,
         | Crimea.
         | 
         | NK - goal to destroy SK, has a big army and nukes. Worth trying
         | to stop them.
         | 
         | China - Chains says the mere existence of Taiwan is worth
         | destroying them. Also taking over the south china sea on the
         | stupid dashed line that says they own the ocean down there.
         | Dictatorships can't stand a functional democracy right next
         | door.
         | 
         | India - if they don't plan to destroy the countries around them
         | and take them over, then good on them. The US has been
         | basically ignoring the fact that India is on a slow road to
         | make their Muslim and other non-hindi citizens fail in every
         | way in their society.
         | 
         | India said FU to the world and has been happy buying a lot of
         | Russian oil that's under embargo. No one attacked them. The
         | world isn't so simple as "western countries destroy all large
         | growing competitors".
        
           | newyankee wrote:
           | Well Bangladesh is already killing and destroying Hindu
           | citizens now where the coup was orchestrated with US
           | blessing.
        
           | z2 wrote:
           | Two if not three of these examples are very much related to
           | civil wars or civil-war-like dynamics. If anything, yes, I
           | agree that the world usually isn't so simple to
           | unconditionally take any single side.
        
         | throw__away7391 wrote:
         | I've spent a lot of time in a lot of different countries/cities
         | with wildly different economics and I have a very different
         | view of things.
         | 
         | PPP in the real world is a bit of a fraud, at least in the way
         | people commonly use it. A lot of things you compare between two
         | countries are in fact very different in reality. You might
         | actually end up paying a lot more in nominal dollars for a lot
         | of things in countries which are supposedly "cheap" to get not
         | even the same quality. I find that the cost to maintain the
         | same quality of life between different countries ends up being
         | much more similar between countries than the statistics would
         | have you believe.
         | 
         | I'm in a relatively poor country at the moment. On paper meat
         | costs a fraction of what it does in the US, but what you get at
         | the local market tastes absolutely terrible, uneatable to my
         | spoiled western standards. I think they literally feed the
         | animals trash. To get quality meat you need to go to specialty
         | stores in the rich neighborhoods that caters to the country's
         | elite. There it's actually about 10% more than what I pay at a
         | US supermarket and it still is not as good. The same thing goes
         | for housing, household goods, clothes, etc. In many countries
         | you pay a huge premium for goods imported from the west, and
         | the selection is often quite limited.
         | 
         | This has been my experience everywhere in the world. Excluding
         | a few cities where you pay a premium just on the basis of the
         | local job market, you more or less get what you pay for no
         | matter where you go. The differences that don't fit into
         | spreadsheets are quite significant and almost fully account for
         | the pricing differences from location to location.
        
           | jltsiren wrote:
           | This is the common expat mistake. Your cost of living can
           | grow very high, if you try to replicate your old lifestyle in
           | a country that doesn't support it. With the same approach,
           | you can also find that living in the US is 2x to 3x more
           | expensive than in Western Europe. (I personally settled for
           | 2x by making some compromises.)
        
         | adverbly wrote:
         | PPP is closer in some ways, but it's not the best... It tends
         | to be biased against strong currencies. The USD has been
         | extremely strong since the pandemic.
        
         | mensetmanusman wrote:
         | PPP is a measure of how easy it is to afford home servants
         | (I.e. the amount of income inequality near the low end).
        
         | nradov wrote:
         | There has certainly been huge GDP growth in China but their
         | specific claims about GDP can't be attempted to be believed.
         | Their numbers have never been independently verified and most
         | of the raw data is treated as a state secret. There is reason
         | to suspect that some of what they're reporting is just made up.
         | Party officials are evaluated based on meeting certain economic
         | targets so there's a lot of incentive at the lower levels to
         | falsify data. The same thing happened in the USSR before it
         | collapsed (I'm not suggesting that China will collapse any time
         | soon, just pointing out that this is a common pattern in
         | single-party authoritarian governments). External estimates
         | based on resource utilization indicate that real GDP might be
         | significantly lower.
        
       | didibus wrote:
       | I'm never able to get to the "so what?" with these. Productivity
       | growth sounds nice, but then it mentions that there's more
       | inequality, higher cost of living, and more workers struggle in
       | the US than other developed countries. How do I reconcile this?
       | 
       | They make a point that eventually the other countries' economies
       | would shrink and won't be able to afford those benefits, but also
       | the US doesn't have those benefits even now.
       | 
       | Anyone can elucidate me?
        
       | mytailorisrich wrote:
       | This has been the case for decades now.
       | 
       | The US economy is much more dynamic than Europe's and the US
       | government is actually more willing to intervene (and can afford
       | it because of US dollar).
       | 
       | In Europe it is austerity and general less support for economy-
       | boosting policies.
        
         | croes wrote:
         | So the US economy is built on debt
        
           | mytailorisrich wrote:
           | Europe has massive debts, too, and growing. But this is a
           | downward spiral.
           | 
           | Edit:
           | 
           | Average government debt-to-GDP ratio in the EU was around 60%
           | from 2000 to 2008. It is 88% now and worse in many major
           | countries. No lie here...
        
             | Jensson wrote:
             | > Europe has massive debts, too, and growing
             | 
             | This is a lie, take Sweden's debt for example it has been
             | going down the past 20 years. Most of Europe doesn't see
             | increasing debt, USA is an outlier.
             | 
             | https://tradingeconomics.com/sweden/government-debt-to-
             | gdp#:...
        
               | 0xBDB wrote:
               | Sweden is an outlier. US debt to GDP is 110%. France and
               | the UK 99%. Italy 138%. Greece 203%. Japan 263%. China
               | depends on who you believe, but probably somewhere around
               | 100%.
        
           | stephen_g wrote:
           | All economies are built on debt... It's basically how money
           | works...
        
             | Jensson wrote:
             | No that is not how money works, it is one way money can
             | work but it isn't how money works. Many economies are debt
             | free, because there is no reason to go into debt to have
             | money.
        
               | syndicatedjelly wrote:
               | > Many economies are debt free, because there is no
               | reason to go into debt to have money.
               | 
               | Is this intentionally facetious? There is NO reason to go
               | into debt? Should we just return to the gold standard
               | then?
        
               | programjames wrote:
               | Isn't it better to have an economy based on debt than
               | something people actually want or need? E.g. if we had a
               | currency based on land, housing prices would soar even
               | more than they already are at.
        
               | 0xBDB wrote:
               | Money is debt. Green (or whatever color) slips of paper
               | aren't intrinsically valuable. They're a promise to
               | redeem them for things that are, same as an IOU.
               | 
               | I take your point that not every economy is run by a
               | government that owes 110% of GDP. But Japan and China
               | are, and France and the UK are at 99%, so that doesn't
               | seem to be the whole secret of America's success.
        
         | tossandthrow wrote:
         | There are a lot of perspectives. Eg. that the US due to it
         | geopolitical situation hasn't seen any real adverse events in
         | the past century. Ie. privileged on the risk side.
         | 
         | As other people also mention: The US' growth seems to be debt
         | driven, which will also have to halt at some point.
         | 
         | However, it would not seem like it is US dynanisism that is the
         | reason for the current success of the country - especially
         | taken into account that it is a small subset (eg. the
         | magnificent 7) and very high valuations that drive the current
         | success.
         | 
         | All in all, my personal view is that there is significant risk
         | in the US market currently - thus also high returns. But I do
         | think that it is safer to harbour some money outside of the US.
         | 
         | Personally, I am happy to have US stocks in my portfolio, I am
         | also happy not to live there.
        
       | thomassmith65 wrote:
       | That's an excellent summary of the economic state of the world.
       | This excerpt is depressing...                 The challenge for
       | other advanced economies is not just replicating America's
       | dynamism. It is to do so while retaining their cherished social
       | safeguards.       For all its economic power, the US has the
       | largest income inequality in the G7, coupled with the lowest life
       | expectancy and the highest housing costs, according to the OECD.
       | Market competition is limited and millions of workers endure
       | unstable employment conditions.
       | 
       | The pessimistic take is that American FA*NG 'enshittification'
       | and cheap Chinese plastic junk will continue to eat the world,
       | while other nations abandon consumer- and labor-friendly
       | policies.
        
         | WalterBright wrote:
         | > endure unstable employment conditions
         | 
         | It's also correspondingly easier to get another job. In Europe,
         | making it hard to fire people means it becomes equivalently
         | harder to get a job in the first place.
        
           | dachworker wrote:
           | Yep, and crucially, getting a first job from which you can
           | build a career is relatively (to the US) hard in places like
           | Germany because companies are super risk averse.
        
           | tossandthrow wrote:
           | While it sounds great to add some zero-sum game to it, it is
           | not entirely precise.
           | 
           | > For all its economic power, the US has the largest income
           | inequality in the G7.
           | 
           | Had the job market been a zero-sum game like you propose,
           | then the income inequality would not have been so dire in the
           | US.
        
             | nickpp wrote:
             | But said income would've been much lower - like in Europe.
             | 
             | Europe "solved" inequality by effectively limiting the
             | upper range. Meanwhile the lower tier is just as low (or
             | lower) than in the US.
             | 
             | People would still rather emigrate to the poorest state of
             | the USA than Bulgaria or Romania.
        
               | tossandthrow wrote:
               | > People would still rather emigrate to the poorest state
               | of the USA than Bulgaria or Romania.
               | 
               | Reducing this to employment mobility displays a lack of
               | knowledge of history.
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | Why is it "dire"? Who is harmed by someone else having more
             | money?
             | 
             | BTW, all attempts at income equality have ended in
             | miserable failure, some of them with millions of dead
             | people.
        
               | tossandthrow wrote:
               | Please dive into the literature on inequality. You will
               | discover that inequality in itself is problematic.
        
               | thomassmith65 wrote:
               | Presumably this means 'attempts to _eradicate_ income
               | inequality ' because otherwise the paragraph sounds like
               | nonsense from some libertarian think tank. Every nation
               | on earth makes some attempt to _lessen_ inequality. But
               | pick any ill that exists in society - crime, prejudice,
               | traffic accidents, noise pollution - and try to
               | completely eradicate it, and chances are it will cause
               | misery.
        
         | doctorpangloss wrote:
         | > American FA*NG 'enshittification' and cheap Chinese plastic
         | junk
         | 
         | Another POV is that the services and software that does the
         | design, marketing, logistics, testing, certification and etc of
         | the plastic junk is more valuable than the plastic junk, and
         | all that stuff is made in the US. It's still labor, sometimes
         | it's even bespoke one off software labor which might as well be
         | manufacturing, the thing that it is not is factories. I don't
         | know why factories above all else are glorified. There is lots
         | of labor in services.
        
           | thomassmith65 wrote:
           | What I was driving at there is that we have seen a general
           | shift (probably due to market consolidation, monopolisation,
           | etc) away from quality and customer satisfaction. The plastic
           | goods are just one tangible artefact.
        
         | ossobuco wrote:
         | > cheap Chinese plastic junk will continue to eat the world
         | 
         | That's a thing of the past. Check the consumer electronics
         | produced today in China. Mobile devices, EVs, infrastructure,
         | newer products are simply incredible, and I'd argue ahead of
         | western technology on many fronts. Cheap plastic stuff now gets
         | produced in other less developed countries.
        
           | threetonesun wrote:
           | A quick skim of Amazon for literally any product would prove
           | this comment entirely wrong.
           | 
           | Do they produce quality goods now? Sure. But it's also still
           | where most of your just barely above garbage quality goods
           | come from.
        
           | 7thpower wrote:
           | This is a fact that most in the US refuse to confront.
           | 
           | China has mastered making high quality goods at scale.
           | 
           | It does not matter how they got there, the fact is they did,
           | and there are some pretty staggering military implications
           | that are not really being discussed.
        
             | tokioyoyo wrote:
             | If you look at most of the "Europoor! Americans have so
             | much more money!" articles, you'll notice two things coming
             | out of them -- most understate the importance of quality of
             | life and avoiding rapid Chinese growth of the past decade
             | despite its own problems. It's like a weird "no, no, ignore
             | everything around you, we are literally the best despite
             | everything!".
             | 
             | I genuinely don't know how I feel about this. I love parts
             | of America. Half of my family lives there. But also, I have
             | no inclination to move. Although I could make about 30%
             | more, I have no idea how it would improve my life other
             | than just more money in the bank. Unless I wanted to start
             | a company, then yeah, probably bigger market and lax laws
             | is advantageous... but other than that, it would be a huge
             | downgrade from life perspective.
        
               | thomassmith65 wrote:
               | Yes.
               | 
               | The difference between today and a half century ago is
               | that today you either win first prize, or wind up dead.
               | That stinks.
               | 
               | It stinks because companies that come in first are seldom
               | worse at _extracting value from_ customers than they are
               | at _providing value to_ customers, and therefore tend to
               | be mediocrities.
               | 
               | And it stinks because such companies are seldom worse at
               | _extracting value from_ rank-and-file employees than they
               | are at _providing value to_ employees.
               | 
               | The world is better when there are societies that can
               | afford to sacrifice a little competitiveness for a good
               | quality of life. If that's over, it's a shame.
        
           | rendang wrote:
           | Textiles seem to have heavily moved toward Vietnam,
           | Bangladesh, etc, but I don't see a lot of cheap plastic toys
           | and so on produced outside the PRC.
        
           | thomassmith65 wrote:
           | I expressed myself poorly. I implied that the plastic goods
           | would be okay if they weren't cheaply made. I grew up in an
           | era where stores sold furniture made of wood and steel. That
           | was like... less than one human generation ago. So what I
           | actually meant is: the plastic goods inherently are cheap
           | garbage.
        
       | fxtentacle wrote:
       | It's thanks to innovative business models, of course!
       | 
       | Increasing you investment efficiency with FTX. Reducing farmer
       | idle time with Deere. Sharing your otherwise unused car with
       | Uber. Revolutionising office productivity with technology, like
       | those beer taps that WeWork had. Spending less time on your
       | savings with Yotta. Not reading long emails with AI.
       | 
       | I wonder how high productivity actually turns out if you remove
       | every scam that inflated GDP or earnings numbers.
        
         | spiderfarmer wrote:
         | Also, ask the poor how satisfied they are with the GDP.
        
           | fxtentacle wrote:
           | Or ask farmers about the DRM technology that locks them out
           | of their tools ...
        
           | mrguyorama wrote:
           | This past election was nothing BUT the poor screaming about
           | how much they don't care about the GDP, "the economy is
           | bad!".
           | 
           | I don't know why they think voting in the guy pretty much
           | solely responsible for making lumber unaffordable and who
           | lost a completely unprompted trade war with China is going to
           | fix that. I guess none of them remember 2018?
           | 
           | I bet they will say the economy is doing great though.
           | Looking at the numbers, they've already spent insane amounts
           | of money this holiday season, despite a supposed "awful
           | economy" that isn't represented by normal economic
           | statistics.
           | 
           | If you look at graphs of party affiliation vs economic
           | SENTIMENT, one thing becomes very clear: "the economy is
           | doing good" for a republican just means "we have a republican
           | president" for some silly reason.
        
             | 65 wrote:
             | Yes, I agree. However the "economy bad" thing was blamed on
             | Biden for signing another stimulus bill which created worse
             | inflation. In reality both Biden and Trump are to blame,
             | but the thinking among the lower class is that Biden made
             | inflation worse.
        
             | ImJamal wrote:
             | It is clear why they voted for Trump. They didn't like the
             | way things were going and Kamala said she wouldn't change
             | anything from Biden. Why would you vote for the status quo
             | if you don't like the status quo?
        
       | croes wrote:
       | Simple answer. The US don't fear high debts like for instance
       | Germany does.
        
         | Cumpiler69 wrote:
         | Germany can't print the world reserve currency. They did for a
         | bit towards the end of WW2 though but that time is passed.
        
         | dachworker wrote:
         | Germany suffers from bad leadership in industry and government
         | above all else. The lack of investment is downstream of that.
         | And I guess upstream is their conservative mindset on how and
         | who to appoint as leaders. Lots of nepotism and corruption and
         | not a lot of competence.
        
       | rich_sasha wrote:
       | One thing this article doesn't touch on is the soaring government
       | debt, which is now really quite big: 120%, and IIRC if you add
       | municipal debt, it's more like 140%. That is high. It also seems
       | like much of the recent growth has been fueled by this debt.
       | 
       | It's unclear how this is going to unwind. America can afford,
       | apparently, to run their deficit hot, but not forever and without
       | limit. So at some point they have to start cutting expenditure
       | and paying that debt off. What happens then? Or will they somehow
       | default on it? Or, will they manage to deflate it via growth. But
       | it is a bit of a sword of Damocles hanging over the economy, like
       | ZIRP over VC successes of the 2010s.
       | 
       | The crazy thing is just how much the debt increases in living
       | memory. Under Clinton, it was as low as 60%, which is considered
       | a really low level.
        
         | dlcarrier wrote:
         | My theory is that other countries' trade is so closely tied to
         | the US Dollar that when the Federal Reserve prints money it's
         | not just diluting the US Dollar but all currencies. The US is
         | effectively taxing the world, to pay for its own spending.
         | 
         | As evidence that the US Dollar plays a large enough role for
         | this to be the case, half of the banks bailed out in the TARP
         | program were foreign to the US
         | (https://www.europeaninstitute.org/index.php/ei-
         | blog/106-augu...) and trading is US Dollars.
        
           | tossandthrow wrote:
           | It seems like other people also buy into this. Eg. Trump.
           | 
           | I also think that the USD is currently under attack as the
           | reserve currency and running these deficits is a way to
           | protect its position.
           | 
           | We will see in a couple of years how things play out.
        
           | matheusmoreira wrote:
           | > My theory is that other countries' trade is so closely tied
           | to the US Dollar that when the Federal Reserve prints money
           | it's not just diluting the US Dollar but all currencies. The
           | US is effectively taxing the world, to pay for its own
           | spending.
           | 
           | Yes.
           | 
           | The BRICs economic group has been trying to launch their own
           | currency for a while now. This is one of the reasons for it.
           | Trump has threatened to impose 100% tax on them and on anyone
           | else who ever tries.
           | 
           | https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/markets/trump-
           | threatens-100-...
           | 
           | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-12-02/south-
           | afr...
        
             | alephnerd wrote:
             | > BRICs economic group has been trying to launch their own
             | currency
             | 
             | It's only been Russia (and to a certain extent China).
             | 
             | India and Brazil have both vetoed any attempt at a "BRICS
             | Currency".
        
               | matheusmoreira wrote:
               | Brazil's president Lula certainly wants this. He's been
               | pushing for it for years now. I see it in the news every
               | other day. I suppose it's possible that he's just the
               | fall guy for the machinations of China and Russia. Who
               | knows.
               | 
               | I'm ambivalent about it. Having our own currency is good,
               | even better if it's not backed by USD, best of all if
               | it's backed by precious metals like gold. On the other
               | hand, I hate Lula and everything he represents so much I
               | actually want him to piss Trump off to the point he
               | sanctions the entire Latin American continent until Lula
               | and his fellow communist dictator friends drop to their
               | knees and beg for mercy.
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | You do know that we used to have currencies backed by
               | gold, and it was so awful that it caused the great
               | depression right?
        
         | amrocha wrote:
         | Government debt doesn't matter. It's literally fake.
        
         | mywittyname wrote:
         | > So at some point they have to start cutting expenditure and
         | paying that debt off.
         | 
         | They don't have to cut expenditures at all. Since the Fed
         | controls rates, they can manage the debt by adjusting interest
         | rates. There's nothing preventing them from driving interest
         | rates below 0% and being paid to accept money. And the Fed can
         | buy T-Bonds at below market rates and slowly destroy excess
         | money in the economy in a controlled fashion.
         | 
         | Something to keep in mind is that US government debt is
         | integral to the economy. It's a stable way for entities hold US
         | dollars as cash, and it's the only mechanism for them to hold
         | large sums of US dollars in cash.
         | 
         | It's fine (and expected) for US government debt to continue to
         | increase forever, it's just a number in a spreadsheet. The only
         | real risk is the potential for a default. But even then, if you
         | have $4 trillion dollars, what are you going to do with it
         | instead of buying t-bonds? Exchange it for Euros and risk the
         | impacts of currency fluctuation? And what will the buyers do
         | with those dollars? At some point, someone is going to want to
         | bank those dollars in savings, and that means buying t-bonds
         | (directly, or indirectly), and the risk of default merely
         | becomes a factor in an equation for the holder.
        
           | rich_sasha wrote:
           | You can do all this at an accounting level. But ultimately US
           | government is buying things with debt, ie paying for goods
           | and services from third parties with an IOU, and can only do
           | it if people think they are getting a good deal.
           | 
           | The way you get shafted with debt is inflation. Barely a few
           | years ago bond yields were around 0. If you lent money to the
           | government then, you're already very behind because of
           | inflation - you're not getting any interest, and by the time
           | you are repaid, the money is worth far less than before.
           | 
           | Furthermore, the Fed can't really let interest rates diverge
           | too much from inflation, since the mismatch drives inflation
           | further. That's why the rates are around 4% now, even as the
           | economy is slowing. They have to be up to contain inflation.
           | 
           | So then, as the election was playing out, you could see bond
           | yields fluctuating in line with inflation expectation.
           | Whenever Trump said something that sounded inflationary, like
           | tarrifs, bond yields jumped up. That's not the Fed doing it,
           | that's lenders demanding more interest from the US govt.
           | 
           | Now I agree the US can get away with this more than other
           | places. They aren't far off Italian levels now, and that
           | would be considered teetering around crisis levels. But it's
           | fantasy to conclude the US can keep magicking money every
           | year with no consequence.
        
         | greenthrow wrote:
         | Government debt only becomes a problem when it becomes a
         | problem to pay it. We're nowhere near that point in the US.
        
         | harrall wrote:
         | US debt has been this high before.
         | 
         | You lend someone money based on whether you think they can pay
         | you back. People still buy US debt because the US is good with
         | its promises.
         | 
         | It's the same reason the US dollar is the reserve currency...
         | the US govt knows how to keep it reasonably stable and has
         | decades of success at it.
         | 
         | Does the US use this to their advantage? Sure. But it doesn't
         | matter... you just need to be better than the next guy. Just
         | observe the 100 year history of many countries: their
         | institutions 100 years ago are much different from today. No
         | one likes uncertainty.
        
           | kwere wrote:
           | the last time debt was this high was WW2, after it millions
           | of working age men came back contributing to the economy.
           | today the opposite is true, millions of people are exiting
           | the workforce to retire, draining resources like Social
           | Security. It's not sustainable, but US can tap into
           | immigration policy to kick the ball down the road for decades
        
       | drukenemo wrote:
       | To add to the other comments to which I agree: create a war in
       | Europe that deeply affects the Germany economy, by raising energy
       | prices. Help destroy their industry by provoking a war in the
       | continent.
        
         | Gud wrote:
         | The only one provoking a war in Europe is Putin.
         | 
         | And the Germans destroyed their energy sector themselves.
        
           | pfdietz wrote:
           | Are you under the illusion that nuclear would have helped, or
           | are you complaining they didn't keep burning coal?
        
             | kbelder wrote:
             | >Are you under the illusion that nuclear would have helped
             | 
             | I am.
        
               | simoncion wrote:
               | Yeah, there's no illusion here at all.
               | 
               | Look at France, its electricity cost per KWh, and its
               | carbon intensity per KWh generated. In recent years, all
               | are much, much better than Germany's. (And their carbon
               | intensity numbers have probably been consistently better
               | since like the 1990s.)
               | 
               | It's almost as if making your economy that requires a lot
               | of electricity dependent on electricity generation
               | methods that require fuels supplied by potentially-
               | hostile foreign countries is a bad, bad idea.
        
             | Gud wrote:
             | I am under no "illusion" that prematurely phasing out a
             | large percentage of a nations power generation , will
             | reduce the amount of power generation available...
        
               | pfdietz wrote:
               | The big issue was German governments who decided to
               | replace nuclear with imported Russian gas rather than
               | more renewables.
        
       | DataDaemon wrote:
       | You are so lucky to be born in the USA:
       | 
       | - Easy to do business - Great economy, high salaries, and funding
       | - English native speaker, so you can speak with everyone and
       | everyone can speak with you
       | 
       | The EU is in a deep hole, with socialism and green communism
       | next.
        
         | tokioyoyo wrote:
         | I swear, I've been hearing that since 2010. That and big
         | Chinese collapse. It's like the US just wants everyone else to
         | fail just because they don't share the same attitude towards
         | life. It's been almost 15 years. That's a lot of time!
         | 
         | I'm mostly annoyed by the recent "Canada should just become an
         | American state" talks, otherwise I would ignore such takes.
         | Apologies for that.
        
           | indoordin0saur wrote:
           | > Canada should just become an American state
           | 
           | Canada is a really interesting take that I ctrl-f'd hoping
           | I'd find a discussion on. It was doing a great job keeping
           | pace with the US but seems to have really stagnated since the
           | last 8 years or so.
        
         | timomaxgalvin wrote:
         | The EU is not in a hole. The US is just doing very well.
        
       | bookofjoe wrote:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42311318
        
       | wslh wrote:
       | My two cents: the U.S. owes much of its economic strength to its
       | robust legal framework. It provides a system where complex
       | business disputes can be handled and enforced effectively,
       | creating trust and predictability for investors and
       | entrepreneurs. This institutional strength is often overlooked
       | but is critical for fostering innovation and long-term economic
       | growth. Incidentally, recent Nobel laureates in economic sciences
       | have focused on the role of institutions in shaping economic
       | outcomes, underscoring how pivotal they are to success.
        
         | alephnerd wrote:
         | > the U.S. owes much of its economic strength to its robust
         | legal framework
         | 
         | Pretty much. This is the mainstream institutionalist view which
         | won AJR a Nobel Prize.
         | 
         | This is also the reason why China began the Guiding Case
         | Project with Stanford Law before it got shut down due to Xi 2's
         | crackdown.
        
         | ein0p wrote:
         | The US owes its "economic strength" to the ability to print
         | $2T/yr in perpetuity and buy stuff with that money. Once that
         | tap ceases to function (which eventually it will, though not
         | anytime soon), the US is going to be fucked beyond any
         | recognition.
        
           | georgeecollins wrote:
           | That's irrational and alarmist. Any time I hear someone talk
           | about "printing money" I figure I am hearing from someone who
           | doesn't have a great grasp of finance. For those that are
           | interested, the supply of US currency or purchasing power of
           | the government is not controlled by printing.
           | 
           | A steelman of this argument is the USA has too much debt and
           | can't keep issuing this much. Maybe true. But the world holds
           | that debt and it's denominated in USD. Also, just the simple
           | wealth of US households grows a lot faster than the debt so
           | its still pretty clear that if the US wanted to pay all its
           | debts it easily could.
           | (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/BOGZ1FL192090005Q) We
           | could be heading for inflation like in the late 70's early
           | 80's. Not good but you don't have to doomsday prep.
        
             | jameslk wrote:
             | We're heading into 1940s inflation, not 1970s. 1970s
             | inflation was lending driven. 1940s inflation was fiscally
             | driven, like it is today.
        
         | UncleOxidant wrote:
         | Doesn't the EU also have a robust legal framework?
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | I would have thought so. But on the other hand, it seems to
           | me like there is a lot more appreciation on the part of EU
           | for laws to be enforced more in spirit than in letter. That
           | might not be a good legal environment for businesses.
        
           | DoingIsLearning wrote:
           | There is EU law, which is enacted across all EU members. But
           | there is no such thing as a EU legal framework, neither is
           | there a fiscal one if we are focusing on business.
           | 
           | A debt dispute could be resolved in less than 4 months or
           | dragged for close to a decade depending on which EU state you
           | have a business.
           | 
           | Same goes for fiscal law. Some countries have had pretty much
           | the same rates and taxation arrangements for decades. Some
           | countries change their fiscal load on businesses as much as
           | twice in one year. Both cases are technically 'the EU'.
        
         | YetAnotherNick wrote:
         | One thing that I believe is overlooked is that two party system
         | helps in the sense that both party knows they are here in the
         | long run, and while both party talks extreme economic plans,
         | they just don't go forward with anything, just some tariff here
         | and there. In lot of other countries you don't know how extreme
         | the ruling party would be in next few decades.
        
       | ginko wrote:
       | The headline is about America's rivals but then talks mainly
       | about EU and other G7 economies.
       | 
       | Do Americans consider Europeans their rivals? Occasional
       | competitors sure, but rivals?
        
         | monetus wrote:
         | Rival in the same way two American football teams are rivals
         | maybe.
        
         | cjs_ac wrote:
         | _The Economist_ is a British magazine, originally marketed at
         | devotees of classical liberalism, which was also called
         | _economism_ at the time. Its readership is largely British, and
         | therefore seeks comparisons between the British economy,
         | European economies and the US economies, because they are seen
         | as peers of the UK.
        
           | losvedir wrote:
           | This is Financial Times, not the Economist, but is also
           | British.
        
       | ysofunny wrote:
       | when you control the measuring stick (USA dollar)
       | 
       | you'll always be the tallest of them all
        
       | anon291 wrote:
       | > Globally, the top R&D spenders are increasingly concentrated in
       | software and computer services
       | 
       | I always find these sorts of statements strange because most
       | software is not intended to be software but rather something
       | else. For example, Adobe's suite should be classified under 'art
       | supplies' or 'video production'. While true that it's software,
       | in my mind, it's like classifying a car builder as a metal
       | fabricator.
       | 
       | The truth is software and computers are pervasive today. There's
       | rarely any software (other than development tools) that are truly
       | aimed at computers themselves. Almost all software today is used
       | for other industries and ought to be classified under that.
       | 
       | Under this taxonomy, I think things would seem much more diverse.
        
         | doctorpangloss wrote:
         | > Adobe's suite should be classified under 'art supplies' or
         | 'video production'... Under this taxonomy, I think things would
         | seem much more diverse.
         | 
         | Will someone who has shopped at Blick for 20 years be able to
         | develop a Photoshop plugin? It would be a stretch.
        
           | anon291 wrote:
           | It's clearly not just software etiher though
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | Most people who shop at Blick don't make their own canvas,
           | clay. Many of them wouldn't know how. They could learn and
           | some do, but many never will. Likewise they could learn to
           | write software but most won't.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | Software is a tool, so it should have some count toward that
         | economy. Same as any other tool is a hammer part of real estate
         | or iron?
        
       | forth_throwaway wrote:
       | > Anecdote of shitty AI company raising a fuckton of money
       | 
       | > Mention of GDP with no other metrics
       | 
       | > No mention of inflation
       | 
       | > No mention of QE
       | 
       | > No mention of interest rates
       | 
       | This is propaganda. When your central banks control the world's
       | reserve currency it's pretty easy to make sure that the line goes
       | up every year. The British Empire didn't have their wealth
       | because of their superior system, they got it from imperialism.
       | 
       | Before you downvote please just reflect on what I'm saying a
       | little bit. Do the changes you see on the ground reflect this
       | narrative of economic growth? I see a little bit locally, mostly
       | from the CHIPS act and infrastructure acts, but it doesn't
       | correlate with an improvement in QOL and certainly infrastructure
       | projects are not unique to American capitalism.
        
       | anon291 wrote:
       | Thomas Sowell says that equality of opportunity leads to
       | inequality of outcome. And this is the main difference between
       | America and the rest of the world. The articles cites innovation-
       | growth v cost-cutting as sources of increased productivity, and
       | this parallels this dichotomy.
       | 
       | People interested in equality of outcome and a level playing
       | field have to compete on cost. There's a social stigma against
       | sticking out and achieving more, lest you become unequal, and the
       | governments are well aware of that.
       | 
       | Meanwhile, innovation literally desires to reward
       | disproportionately he who comes up with the new product. The
       | entire purpose of the American economic system is to produce
       | inequality.
       | 
       | This, combined with America's relative freedom from prejudice, is
       | an unstoppable juggernaut. It is absolutely insane how easy it is
       | in the United States to be handed money with limited liability to
       | go and do whatever you want with it. This is a true blessing, and
       | we see it not just in venture capital, but in the plethora of
       | small businesses, as well as the plethora of credit (for better
       | or worse).
       | 
       | Yes, there are problems, but I think history will show that this
       | model is ultimately more sustainable. While true that America's
       | productivity growth has only really taken off over the last
       | century or so, even before then, it represented a formidable
       | economic player.
        
         | hmmm-i-wonder wrote:
         | >This, combined with America's relative freedom from prejudice,
         | is an unstoppable juggernaut. It is absolutely insane how easy
         | it is in the United States to be handed money with limited
         | liability to go and do whatever you want with it. This is a
         | true blessing, and we see it not just in venture capital, but
         | in the plethora of small businesses, as well as the plethora of
         | credit (for better or worse).
         | 
         | I was with you until then. America was build on prejudice and
         | inequality as much as any other country has been and suffers
         | from it today. That translates to how the last half of that
         | paragraph doesn't apply to a significant amount of American's
         | who struggle to access the resources they need to survive let
         | alone innovate and thrive..
        
           | anon291 wrote:
           | As the child of non-white immigrants to this country... I
           | simply disagree. We faced more discrimination in the country
           | my parents left than we did here. My father was unable to be
           | employed due to his skin color and social status in his
           | native country, and became successful mid-level exec here in
           | America, was given a mortgage, etc.
           | 
           | Capital is available for people here without reference to
           | social standing.
           | 
           | Is it perfect? Of course not. I literally said that.
           | 
           | However, if you want capital and aren't whatever platonic
           | ideal your country has decided you ought to be to access
           | that, America is literally your best bet.
           | 
           | > That translates to how the last half of that paragraph
           | doesn't apply to a significant amount of American's who
           | struggle to access the resources they need to survive let
           | alone innovate and thrive..
           | 
           | I'm not going to claim every american is able to thrive,
           | because obviously that's not the case. But even the poor
           | American is able to access credit, which is what my entire
           | post was about. You are changing the goal posts a lot.
        
             | dennis_jeeves2 wrote:
             | >We faced more discrimination in the country my parents
             | left than we did here.
             | 
             | Correct.
             | 
             | In most of the non-immigrant parts of the world there is
             | discrimination that pales in comparison to what is supposed
             | to be there in America. Most native born Americans have no
             | clue how good they have it, despite things being as bad as
             | it is.
        
         | bluecheese452 wrote:
         | America was the number one economy while having state enforced
         | segregation.
        
       | badpun wrote:
       | Not a single word about shale oil and gas revolution, that
       | started around 15 years ago? The US now has the one of the
       | cheapest energy on earth, and probably the cheapest among the
       | countries that matter. Pour all that cheap gas and oil onto an
       | economy that was already a leader and you get lots of impressive
       | growth.
        
         | paganel wrote:
         | That's the gist of it, especially since the "IT revoluion" (for
         | lack of a better word) seems to have cooled off in the early
         | 2010-ish, i.e. exactly when the shale revolution started doing
         | its thing (and, no, I don't count the recent AI hype as being
         | worthy of getting called as "revolutionary"). That shale
         | revolution has also come with big opportunity costs reductions,
         | because the US didn't have to geo-strategically care about the
         | Middle East and the oil there all that much, at least not as
         | much as to send real feet on the ground there, with all the
         | associated costs.
         | 
         | With that said, there's also the danger of the US following on
         | Britain's steps from the 1980s up until the 2000s, i.e. to rely
         | on this shale/oil bonanza and not care about (internal)
         | structural reforms that are in dire need of being enacted. At
         | some point the shale money will not be there anymore (the shale
         | gas will have run out, the world's car-fleet turns to electric
         | en masse etc), and if the Americans don't carry out the
         | necessary reforms sooner rather than later then that future "no
         | more shale-gas money" moment will come at a very, very bad time
         | for them. I said it's similar to Britain's situation because
         | things started going downhill there as soon as the North Sea
         | oil&gas money started thinning out.
        
         | greenthrow wrote:
         | It's not brought up because this is not the source of the
         | growth whatsoever. It has only served to keep our gasoline and
         | methane costs low compared to the rest of the world. That's
         | nice for people but does not create massive economic growth in
         | the 21st century of the kind being discussed. That is all
         | coming from the tech sector. If you want to talk energy to
         | power the server farms, the growth in energy is happening with
         | renewables which are and far cheaper than any fossil fuels.
        
           | badpun wrote:
           | > That's nice for people but does not create massive economic
           | growth in the 21st century of the kind being discussed. That
           | is all coming from the tech sector.
           | 
           | Do you have the stats that back that up?
        
           | scythe wrote:
           | The price of a kilowatt hour of electricity is not determined
           | by the _cheapest_ power plant operating when you buy it, but
           | by the most expensive. You buy the marginal kilowatt. And
           | solar+wind continues to be a relatively small fraction of the
           | US energy market. The DoE did a report when Biden took office
           | in 2021 and the progressive wave was in full swing:
           | 
           | https://www.energy.gov/fecm/articles/economic-and-
           | national-s...
           | 
           | >Eliminating [fracking]... a ripple effect of severe
           | consequences to the Nation's economy, environment, and
           | geopolitical standing.
           | 
           | Making energy cheaper and the dollar stronger helps all
           | businesses which depend on energy or imports, particularly
           | manufacturing, and US manufacturing output currently exceeds
           | the UK, France, Germany, Italy and Spain combined. And all
           | over the thread you'll find people arguing over nominal GDP
           | versus PPP, but what's not in doubt is that the balance of
           | nominal GDP versus PPP is related to the strength of the
           | dollar. Imports are vital to US industry -- we thrive on
           | buying less processed inputs from cheaper countries and
           | producing high-value outputs. All of this is affected by the
           | US oil and gas industry.
        
           | kansface wrote:
           | Can't we consider the cost of energy as a general tax on the
           | economy? If all economic output is N% cheaper in the US, we'd
           | expect compounding effects.
        
       | lifeisstillgood wrote:
       | Tech is the problem. The internet is global (or perhaps two or
       | three regions), and winner takes all - so global value creation
       | is being experienced everywhere, but being _monetised_ in the US
       | stock market.
       | 
       | Take tech out of the equation and the US is pretty much on par
       | with EU, and China and India are just burning the coal for
       | everyone else.
        
         | jebarker wrote:
         | Can you expand on this? What do you mean by "monetized in the
         | US stock market"?
        
           | tiffanyh wrote:
           | I'm not GP, but they probably meant "realized" (not
           | "monetized")
        
             | jebarker wrote:
             | I guess I still don't understand though. Is the claim that
             | tech innovation in the rest of the world is being turned
             | into money in the US only? If so, why is that happening?
        
               | roflc0ptic wrote:
               | The claim here is that the tech innovation is _occurring_
               | in the US. It adds value globally, but most of the
               | profits from that value are being realized in the US b /c
               | the innovation is by US companies.
               | 
               | There's no natural law that says technical innovation
               | must occur in NA, but due to contingent historical
               | conditions, it is occurring here. Thus, the gains are
               | being realized in the US stock market b/c it's the one
               | capitalizing the winners.
        
               | jebarker wrote:
               | I see, thank-you for clarifying.
        
               | dingnuts wrote:
               | >It adds value globally, but most of the profits from
               | that value are being realized in the US
               | 
               | this is contradictory. profits are added value. if value
               | is added globally, there are extra profits (likely as
               | cost savings by other industries adopting tech)
        
               | bigs wrote:
               | They're generalising to say the world uses Apple, Google,
               | Microsoft, Zoom, Cisco, Tesla, and so on... US tech
               | stocks. We use them and they gain revenue and profit.
               | 
               | Of course there are many successful tech co's outside the
               | US but (and I haven't looked) I imagine the US tech
               | stocks must overshadow every other countries tech sector.
        
               | chgs wrote:
               | US cultural dominance for one thing, then success begets
               | success - lots of VC money in the US because the US is
               | rich which gets invested which returns even more and
               | makes it richer.
               | 
               | US businesses more likely to work with US suppliers, US
               | customers more likely to buy from US businesses, then
               | those dominant domestic positions can be used to expand
               | globally far easier than say a Spanish firm can expand
               | into the US.
        
           | jventura wrote:
           | I think the parent poster means that tech companies such as
           | Apple, Nvidia and others are traded in US stock exchanges..
        
             | bananaquant wrote:
             | I second that. In addition, most of those companies use a
             | portion of their revenue to buy back their shares, pushing
             | their price up. So, the value created worldwide ends up
             | growing the US stock market.
        
               | majormajor wrote:
               | And then even more specifically - at least in terms of
               | local problems - that pushes up the value of compensation
               | for a lot of people in the SF Bay Area which inflates the
               | cost of land there.
               | 
               | Staying out of whether or not the concentration is a
               | problem at the national/international level, is there any
               | realistic alternative short of massive protectionism a la
               | China to force home-grown tech companies in other parts
               | of the world?
        
               | bananaquant wrote:
               | The US has a massive advantage of being the largest
               | economy, having a vast single market, issuing the world's
               | reserve currency, and having unique hubs like the Bay
               | Area attracting the best and brightest. It would be hard
               | to replicate its success elsewhere without having some of
               | the above prerequisites.
        
               | aussiegreenie wrote:
               | >being the largest economy, having a vast single market
               | 
               | America is NOT the largest market the EU is MUCH BIGGER.
               | And it is not "America" that commercialises technology,
               | but a small portion of California called The Valley.
        
               | aeonik wrote:
               | According to this the US GDP is 1.5 times bigger than the
               | entire EU:
               | 
               | https://statisticstimes.com/economy/united-states-vs-eu-
               | econ...
        
               | shafoshaf wrote:
               | Ths stock market is not considered in GDP. So by that
               | measure it does not directly impact "economic growth." I
               | can see an indirect relation that says that US investors
               | (primarily through pensions and 401Ks) are the primary
               | benefactors of a growing US stock market which then
               | translates to more investment and opportunity of US
               | citizens, but that is a pretty long trail to account for
               | our economic path right now.
        
           | francisofascii wrote:
           | From a stock market perspective, if you look at a graph of
           | Vanguard FTSE All World ex US ETF (ticker VEU), it looks like
           | normal growth, but looks vastly different from say Vanguard
           | Total Stock market (ticket VTI) which shows phenomenal
           | growth. This is because VTI includes US tech stocks and VEU
           | doesn't. Take out the tech stocks and maybe VTI would look
           | like VEU.
        
             | narcindin wrote:
             | To be clear VTI is only US stocks and VEU is everything
             | else. It is confusing because "Vanguard Total Stock Market"
             | contains only United States equities.
        
         | nradov wrote:
         | How is that a "problem"? What is preventing other countries
         | from building tech winners? The USA isn't launching missiles to
         | destroy the next foreign Nvidia or Meta competitor.
        
           | stcroixx wrote:
           | I don't think it's a problem. What's preventing other
           | countries from building something similar to the US tech
           | companies is a combination of regulation and culture.
        
             | sangnoir wrote:
             | Is that so? What's the best American drone company again?
             | Consumer ones, not the MQ-9 Reaper type.
        
           | lern_too_spel wrote:
           | You could just as well ask what is preventing every other
           | state in the US from building tech winners.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | What is preventing every other state in the US from
             | building tech winners? The majority of large tech companies
             | are headquartered in CA and there are a few others in WA,
             | TX, NY, and ID. There used to be quite a few in MA and even
             | FL was in the running for a while. What caused them to fall
             | behind within a few decades, while other states never
             | really got started? Some are hopelessly handicapped by
             | horrible geography or low population density but others
             | like CT or IL would appear to have all the necessary
             | ingredients.
        
           | codr7 wrote:
           | I don't know about missiles, but there's no lack of
           | sanctions.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | Which sanctions?
        
         | seydor wrote:
         | Tech is not a 'problem'. It has replaced Finance in the pecking
         | order of power relationships. Since US controls it , it can
         | exert control everywhere where its tech goes. China shielded
         | itself from it early on.
        
           | staunton wrote:
           | > Tech [...] has replaced Finance in the pecking order of
           | power relationships
           | 
           | Not at all obvious to me. Is there any particular measurable
           | thing you're referring to, or is this just your personal
           | feeling?
        
             | sangnoir wrote:
             | Follow the money. Which companies are better at vacuuming
             | money from all over the world into their countries of
             | origin and exporting the rules, norms and regulations that
             | everyone else -including domestic competition - has to play
             | by. Is HSBC/JP Morgan more effective at this than
             | Google/Apple?
        
         | slibhb wrote:
         | > Tech is the problem. The internet is global (or perhaps two
         | or three regions), and winner takes all - so global value
         | creation is being experienced everywhere, but being monetised
         | in the US stock market.
         | 
         | I don't really understand what you mean. While their reach is
         | global, it's largely American companies that are _creating_ the
         | tech value, no?
        
           | chmod775 wrote:
           | They're creating "value" the same way the British Empire did
           | for China around 1800. It's almost 1:1 the same dynamic. Bad
           | decision-making of individuals is exploited to make them act
           | against the best interests of their country and ultimately
           | themselves, causing money to flow outwards in exchange for
           | virtually nothing, which is then used to import things of
           | actual value from the hapless victims. A modern twist on this
           | is also using that money to buy up anything of value in the
           | victim country and renting it back to its citizens, taking
           | the exploitation to whole other level.
           | 
           | China was wise to this trick already, which is why they've
           | shielded themselves from the very beginning. Most countries
           | haven't learned the lesson yet, but slowly the EU is waking
           | up as well and pushing back.
        
         | eduction wrote:
         | >Take tech out of the equation and the US is pretty much on par
         | with EU
         | 
         | Disagree. It's not just the nature of the technology itself but
         | the whole ecosystem -- including VC and education -- in
         | Sillicon Valley that develops cutting edge computer tech, plus
         | generally looser business regulation in the US and a culture of
         | greater optimism nationally, especially relative to EU.
         | 
         | Certainly having a unified market (not just in regulation,
         | government, and currency but also linguistically) has helped
         | too especially given the network/winner-take-all effects of
         | tech you mention. Yes the nature of technology is part of it.
         | But it's not everything. It's a whole gestalt.
         | 
         | I mean, consider where we are right now, who set it up, who
         | hangs out there, etc.
        
         | RajT88 wrote:
         | The US has the highest disposable income per capital out of the
         | whole world:
         | 
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disposable_household_and_per...
         | 
         | For all the workers are living paycheck to paycheck, they are
         | sitting on a gigantic monetizable pile of money.
         | 
         | Consider this: the most popular languages in YouTube videos are
         | English and Spanish. And did you ever notice how most videos,
         | when they talk about units, talk about Dollars, Miles, Inches,
         | Pounds and Degrees Fahrenheit? That is why...
         | 
         | To be a wealthy YouTuber seems to mean catering to people in
         | North America (the US specifically).
        
           | layer8 wrote:
           | > English and Spanish
           | 
           | Part of the causality is the other way around: The largest
           | language communities attract the most monetization. Europe
           | being compartmented into 24+ languages is one reason that
           | it's harder to monetize.
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | >China and India are just burning the coal for everyone else.
         | 
         | The actual effect of this is far less than you think. While
         | it's true there's some amount of "exporting" of emissions from
         | rich countries to china/india, the effect is small. Consumption
         | based emissions (ie. accounting for imports) for US is only 11%
         | higher than territorial emissions. Meanwhile the difference for
         | China is also 11% (in the opposite direction, of course).
         | 
         | https://ourworldindata.org/consumption-based-co2
        
       | DrBazza wrote:
       | These articles also gloss over the US market is 400m English
       | speakers with one set of legislation, more or less. Europe is 20+
       | languages and 20+ sets of legislation. That's a colossal
       | advantage. And any clicks and mortar business gets the benefit of
       | absurdly cheap shipping costs compared to Europe.
        
         | ifwinterco wrote:
         | There are counterexamples in Asia though like South Korea,
         | Taiwan etc. that have massively outperformed Europe over recent
         | decades despite not having those advantages.
         | 
         | Having said that, not sure the SK model is something to emulate
         | given the social problems it seems to have caused
        
           | treis wrote:
           | In growth, yes but GDP per capita in South Korea is still
           | 3/4s of France.
        
             | echoangle wrote:
             | That's an important point, people always compare growth as
             | if growing from the bottom is as hard as growing from
             | (close to) the top. People love to do this with India and
             | china.
        
         | timomaxgalvin wrote:
         | This is false. The EU I more harmonised that the US in terms l
         | trade rules.
        
         | 0xBDB wrote:
         | Business law is a state issue in the U.S. The reason that the
         | U.S. has one set of legislation (more or less) is that 50
         | states (well, 49) have voluntarily adopted the Uniform
         | Commercial Code. There is absolutely nothing stopping Europe
         | from doing the same or similar except lack of political will.
        
           | pests wrote:
           | Which state hasn't? I thought all states have adopted it with
           | their own variations / changes.
        
       | athrowaway3z wrote:
       | It is frankly absurd to make a case with only one line mentioning
       | 
       | > owing to its abundant domestic energy supplies,
       | 
       | Energy is wealth. In so far as I can tell we have better data,
       | going back further, and being more strongly correlated to
       | outcomes of interests, than the data we have on monetary systems.
       | I have my doubt the FT will ever dare to entertain that position.
       | 
       | Energy has an enormous cascading effect. But it pops up directly
       | as well. ChatGPT could not run at 5x the base energy costs and no
       | suppliers able to scale to more demand.
       | 
       | If you're looking to explain the US upward trends always include
       | their shale output in your graph as well. You'll find you rarely
       | need more explanations.
       | 
       | It has been blessed by their resources, an enormous size granting
       | a low population density, and a functioning liberal state to use
       | those well.
       | 
       | The rest is pandering and ideological pleas for less tax and less
       | regulations.
       | 
       | And i mean... if you're going to pander, you're going to pander
       | to the people with the cheapest energy.
        
       | mesk wrote:
       | I'm thinking a lot lately about which country would be best for
       | my future, and somehow US is never there. Maybe for me without
       | family yes, but otherwise I see it like there, I would be one
       | illness away from bankrupcy, one crazy kid with a gun away from
       | family tragedy, one <what if> away from <unsolvable problems>.
       | Sure, being in top 10% is cool, but will my kids be also so
       | lucky? And the middle class in the US already thinks they are
       | struggling (hence the last vote) - as someone said numbers can't
       | feed you. But, hey, I'm maybe too old ;)
        
         | sirbutters wrote:
         | "hence the last vote".
         | 
         | You are implying that logic fits the results. It doesn't.
        
         | aftbit wrote:
         | Anywhere in the world, you might be "one <what if> away from
         | <unsolvable problems>." That's not a US-specific thing. The US
         | is better at some things and worse at others. Obviously we all
         | make these choices on different merits, but IMO don't live in
         | fear.
         | 
         | Being in the group of people who has a choice of countries to
         | live in _and_ being in the top 10% in the US puts you in the
         | top 0.1 to 1% globally. Enjoy it while you can!
        
         | eitally wrote:
         | This is the kind of comment written by someone who only knows a
         | country from its headlines. The US, as a resident, skews wildly
         | from the popular narrative in many ways much of the time --
         | regardless who is in charge.
        
           | mesk wrote:
           | > The US, as a resident, skews wildly from the popular
           | narrative in many ways much of the time
           | 
           | Much of the time, thats it, you named it. To me the worst
           | case scenario (I work in IT, so I often think in the worst
           | case scenarios) in few relatively common situations, _seems_
           | to be much worse in the US.
           | 
           | Common, like being ill, visiting hospital, going to school,
           | being stopped by the police.... (headlines again).
        
         | majormajor wrote:
         | The thing about the US is that it's very unevenly distributed.
         | So it depends on what you'd be doing and how much money you'd
         | be making / already have.
         | 
         | If you have a professional-class job the US is often the best
         | place in the world to be for illness. You'll have a fairly high
         | salary (especially comparing globally) and an insurance plan
         | with an out of pocket max that is probably 10-15k per year (or
         | much less, for most tech employers). If REALLY concerned with
         | illness, filter for places with good supplemental long-term
         | disability insurance and live in a state that has some of their
         | own like CA.
         | 
         | The US spends A LOT on healthcare per-capita. So your access to
         | doctors / specialists / hospitals in major US metros is
         | generally excellent and rarely has the sort of waits that you
         | see in a lot of countries that spend less on healthcare.
         | 
         | The problem with US healthcare is that it's usually either (a)
         | fucking great for you or (b) fucking terrible for you. Very
         | non-uniform.
        
           | keybored wrote:
           | > The thing about the US is that it's very unevenly
           | distributed. So it depends on what you'd be doing and how
           | much money you'd be making / already have.
           | 
           | The Veil of Ignorance, anyone? Even invented by an American.
           | 
           | People here need to consider the state of a society without
           | spending 80% of the bytes on the what-if of being a 135+ IQ
           | individual with a passion that coincides with the work tasks
           | of amazingly successful megacorporations based on the West
           | Coast. At least when we're supposed to be talking in the
           | abstract.
        
         | indymike wrote:
         | > And the middle class in the US already thinks they are
         | struggling
         | 
         | Middle class financial issues in the US are age related.
         | College debt, cost of raising children, buying a home combined
         | with low entry wages put young people in a hole it takes 10-30
         | years to crawl out of. But when they do they quickly accumulate
         | wealth. There are also a lot of people who choose to not save.
         | That is a choice you don't have to make.
        
           | shafoshaf wrote:
           | Not to mention that A LOT of millenials are about to inherit
           | a ton of money from the Baby Boomers. The Boomers are just
           | lasting longer because of advances in health care, all of
           | whom are on Medicare which is government funded health
           | insurance. In fact, about 40% of Americans on are federal
           | healthcare between Medicare and Medicaid.
        
       | tjahsg wrote:
       | These opinion pieces are so tiring. Talking points:
       | 
       | - The sanctions induced energy crisis exists, but is not the
       | reason.
       | 
       | - The lazy Europeans are the problem.
       | 
       | - We need more tech.
       | 
       | - Trump will ruin everything.
       | 
       | All of this is false. There is no mention of the dollar status as
       | the reserve currency, which enables the reckless U.S. deficit
       | spending while shielding it from the consequences.
       | 
       | There is no mention of German industries, _which had been
       | productive_ , closing or moving abroad after the Nord Stream
       | sabotage by one of Germany's "allies".
       | 
       | There is no mention that tech is overvalued and not a panacea.
       | Russia does have Yandex as a Google replacement and it does not
       | help. China has Baidu. So tech in the U.S. has been inflated by
       | printing money, which the EU and China cannot do.
       | 
       | I expect more from a European newspaper than just telling
       | Europeans to work harder.
        
       | luizfzs wrote:
       | But is the majority of the population thriving?
       | 
       | It is very misleading (at best) to say the economy is strong when
       | a good chunk of the population live paycheck to paycheck.
       | 
       | A handful of companies are thriving, but barely any of its
       | employees.
        
         | nightski wrote:
         | We need to differentiate living paycheck to paycheck out of
         | necessity vs. choice. It might be surprising but there are a
         | lot of people who choose to do so because why save when you
         | could die tomorrow.
        
           | codr7 wrote:
           | Judge much?
           | 
           | It's more like, how save when you need the money right now.
        
             | tombert wrote:
             | Not the OP but I don't think that is who they are talking
             | about. People who don't have money to save obviously are
             | going have trouble saving it.
             | 
             | There is a certain subset of people, though, that _do_ make
             | money and _actively choose_ to not save it. Kind of a
             | perpetual  "YOLO" attitude.
             | 
             | I don't think the OP was judging.
        
           | boringg wrote:
           | Or they get caught up living a lifestyle that they feel like
           | they need to give the appearance of success!
        
             | Nevermark wrote:
             | This is an under appreciated problem with inequality.
             | 
             | Ideally, others success should be net-positive/neutral for
             | others.
             | 
             | In practice, inequality has these perverse impacts at
             | least:
             | 
             | (Wealth is a spectrum. "Rich" vs. "non-rich" below stands
             | in for any significant relative wealth difference.)
             | 
             | 1. The rich can afford outsized amounts of critical or
             | survival type services and assets. Like land. Fresh
             | vegetables. Increasing prices for basic survival for the
             | non-rich by by reducing supply and/or increasing demand.
             | 
             | 2. Markets respond to the rich by creating services and
             | products that as a practical matter, are genuinely useful,
             | and give the rich an edge. Creating practical pressures on
             | the non-rich, raising practical costs of the non-rich.
             | 
             | For instance, personal computing hardware, internet access
             | options and levels, expensive healthcare interventions and
             | medications, business centers where public transport has
             | not kept up with private transport, etc.
             | 
             | 3. The non-rich can put unrealistic social status and
             | expectations and pressure on themselves, to keep up with
             | highly visible and normalized lifestyles of the more
             | wealthy.
             | 
             | 4. The rich can put unrealistic social and employment
             | pressures on the lifestyles of the non-rich, that raise the
             | practical costs of survival (i.e. dress shibboleths, to
             | personal technology access, etc.)
             | 
             | ---
             | 
             | It is worth pointing out that the large role of real estate
             | as a passive wealth compounder tracking up with both
             | economic and inequality growth, self-compounding, is bad
             | enough.
             | 
             | But by the common arrangement of taxing both land (the
             | actually limited asset that should be taxed, as owning it
             | excludes others) and the property developed on it (the non-
             | exclusionary asset that we should want to encourage not
             | desensitize) makes things worse.
             | 
             | When a problem compounds already, it doesn't need any more
             | perverse incentives!
             | 
             | If property taxes were replaced by just land taxes
             | (renormalized to be revenue neutral) it would increase the
             | return on development, and increase the costs of holding
             | (absolutely or relatively) undeveloped land!
             | 
             | Which would incentivize more development, and increase
             | supply (by making under developed land less useful for
             | passive investment).
             | 
             | From a libertarian, capitalist viewpoint, and in joint
             | benefit to both the rich and non-rich as individuals, this
             | also removes a wealth tax. I.e. putting money or effort
             | into improving the relevant development of one's property,
             | will raise its use and asset value, but no longer
             | perversely raises one's taxes.
        
           | makk wrote:
           | As if those are the only two choices. And as if those choices
           | are ones that most individuals can independently make.
        
         | sokoloff wrote:
         | I know plenty of people making $250K/yr or more who are living
         | paycheck to paycheck.
         | 
         | At that point, it's not really the company that's the
         | problem...
        
           | DonnyV wrote:
           | Here come the "its an individual's problem not a systemic
           | problem" anecdotes. But when you look at all the data....its
           | a systemic problem.
        
             | brink wrote:
             | They're not saying that it's not a systemic problem,
             | they're just saying it's not a company problem.
             | 
             | Housing being too expensive is not a company problem for
             | example.
        
           | saagarjha wrote:
           | Maybe you know too many people who make $250k/year.
        
           | notJim wrote:
           | The living paycheck to paycheck stat is meaningless. It
           | generates headlines, because bad news wins, but if you dig
           | in, even the surveys that ask about this reveal that a large
           | percentage of people living paycheck to paycheck are very
           | financially secure, both objectively, and according to their
           | own assessment. I don't have time right now, but I'd
           | encourage anyone reading this to go find the actual source
           | for this stat and read their full report. Last time I looked,
           | it was freely available.
           | 
           | Many of those people living paycheck to paycheck have a
           | budget where they're saving or investing a significant amount
           | of their money, and accordingly, money feels tight. This is
           | the financially sound way to avoid lifestyle creep, but it
           | doesn't mean you're in a precarious position. Or
           | alternatively, they're paying for really expensive, but
           | optional things like private schooling and expensive cars or
           | vacations.
           | 
           | Obviously some people are struggling, but this paycheck-to-
           | paycheck stat is not an accurate way to quantify that. It's
           | best IMO to look at objective metrics like the poverty rate,
           | or people's objective financial picture (available via
           | surveys.)
        
             | SoftTalker wrote:
             | > Many of those people living paycheck to paycheck have a
             | budget where they're saving or investing a significant
             | amount of their money
             | 
             | I don't think that's the common understanding of what
             | "living paycheck to paycheck" means.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | The most common one is saying that someone is paycheck to
               | paycheck but they're also funding their 401(k) up to
               | company match, etc.
               | 
               | It's usually just the inverse of saying most people don't
               | have ready cash savings laying around; because there's no
               | _need_ to when you have credit every which way all the
               | time.
               | 
               | Much better to look at the _debt load_ on people and how
               | that changes over time. Someone who makes $5k a month and
               | spends $3k on debt service and lives off $2k is going to
               | feel _much different_ from someone who makes the same
               | $5k, lives on $2k, and spends $3k on candles or whatever
               | (since they can stop buying candles anytime but you can
               | 't easily stop paying down debt).
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | When I hear "living paycheck to paycheck" I think it
               | means your recurring expenses (rent, utilities, food,
               | etc.) consume all your income every month and you have
               | nothing left to save. No savings. No investments. No
               | 401K. If you don't get your next paycheck you can't pay
               | the rent.
        
               | bpt3 wrote:
               | That's what it's supposed to mean, but because so many
               | people don't report it that way the resulting data is
               | meaningless.
        
               | jvanderbot wrote:
               | What you think and what each individual reply to the
               | survey indended are bound to be wildly different.
        
               | notJim wrote:
               | I think your definition is completely reasonable, but
               | it's not how people answer the question (again, based on
               | reading the report, which has a lot more detail.)
        
               | virtualwhys wrote:
               | What planet are you on? Paycheck to paycheck means
               | there's (nearly) nothing left at the end of every month.
               | 
               | Clearly you're not in that situation, and likely have
               | never been anywhere near it with that privileged view of
               | the world.
               | 
               | Many people in the States are living on the edge; i.e.
               | paycheck to paycheck, not, "oh, well, I'll just dip into
               | my equities if the need arises".
        
               | no_wizard wrote:
               | > It's usually just the inverse of saying most people
               | don't have ready cash savings laying around; because
               | there's no need to when you have credit every which way
               | all the time
               | 
               | This is quite a precarious situation to me. People should
               | not need nor be encouraged to rely on debt to live life,
               | especially month to month.
               | 
               | The default mode should be working people make enough to,
               | if budgeted moderately well, can pay for everything plus
               | save money away _post tax_ [0]
               | 
               | Anything less and you're only growing systemic issues
               | over time
               | 
               | [0]: including tax exempt savings like 401Ks is ill-
               | reflective of people's ability to save money aside for
               | emergencies and unexpected costs
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | >living paycheck to paycheck have a budget where they're
             | saving or investing a significant amount of their money
             | 
             | How can you be "paycheck to paycheck" if you have a massive
             | savings pile? Are you dumping it all into 25 year
             | treasuries?
        
               | Workaccount2 wrote:
               | This is literally me. I live paycheck to paycheck but
               | also have a six figure sum of money I can tap into if
               | needed.
               | 
               | How I got here is living way below my means in my
               | twenties, saving up tons of money, and nowadays living at
               | my means while still maxing retirement. I also have
               | almost all that saved money invested, which just grows
               | the pot as it sits. I also have zero debt besides a 3%
               | mortgage.
               | 
               | So basically I spend all of every paycheck, after
               | retirement has been deducted, but if I lost my job I
               | could maintain my current life with zero income for a few
               | years before running dry.
        
               | Kirby64 wrote:
               | That is not living paycheck to paycheck by any reasonable
               | definition. If you could stop contributing to
               | savings/retirement/investments and suddenly have a ton of
               | additional disposable income, then it's not that.
        
             | ptmcc wrote:
             | I love seeing this in those periodic ragebait articles
             | about how a family earning 400k+ is "paycheck to paycheck"
             | after maxing out their retirement accounts, paying for
             | private schools and vacations, mortgage on a $2m house, car
             | notes on two newer luxury cars, etc. etc.
             | 
             | "After long term saving and paying for my indulgent
             | lifestyle, I just don't have anything left at the end of
             | the month!"
        
               | solraph wrote:
               | > periodic ragebait articles
               | 
               | Somewhat offtopic, but I call these articles "parading
               | the idiot". Where a newspaper or other media outlet runs
               | an article interviewing a person where the subject is
               | clearly out of step with everyone else in their
               | assumptions.
               | 
               | See also articles where a property investor complains
               | about how hard they are doing financially because they
               | have to sell one of their eighteen investment properties.
        
             | ragnese wrote:
             | I find it pretty egregious that someone who is
             | saving/investing a chunk of every paycheck could be
             | considered to be "living paycheck-to-paycheck." I feel like
             | the most obvious definition most of us would assume is that
             | nearly 100% of your paycheck gets spent on goods and
             | services, and/or bills and debts, before your next
             | paycheck.
        
         | eduction wrote:
         | Article: "For all its economic power, the US has the largest
         | income inequality in the G7, coupled with the lowest life
         | expectancy and the highest housing costs, according to the
         | OECD. Market competition is limited and millions of workers
         | endure unstable employment conditions."
         | 
         | That's pretty stark. But the U.S. outperformance on GDP growth
         | and productivity growth is very real over the last 5-15 years
         | especialy and has been documented in numerous stories like
         | this. The looming questions seem to be
         | 
         | 1. can Europe maintain its social benefits and living standards
         | with such anemic growth (that is, is the goal of more humane
         | and equal society compatible with a robust economy)
         | 
         | 2. can the U.S. preserve its competitiveness and overall GDP
         | performance if it imposes more regulations/taxes designed to
         | reduce income disparities, provide more social services, etc.
        
           | makk wrote:
           | 3. Can the US endure at all when the current path feels
           | unsustainable for most of its citizens?
        
             | nec4b wrote:
             | Millions voting with their feet don't think that.
        
           | bpt3 wrote:
           | > 1. can Europe maintain its social benefits and living
           | standards with such anemic growth (that is, is the goal of
           | more humane and equal society compatible with a robust
           | economy)
           | 
           | This is already being answered by reports like the one in the
           | FT
           | 
           | > 2. can the U.S. preserve its competitiveness and overall
           | GDP performance if it imposes more regulations/taxes designed
           | to reduce income disparities, provide more social services,
           | etc.
           | 
           | No, because it will turn the US into a country like all the
           | ones mentioned in question 1
        
         | ajross wrote:
         | > a good chunk of the population live paycheck to paycheck.
         | 
         | Is that not true in other economies? Was that not true at some
         | (mythical?) point in the past? What number, specifically, would
         | you like to see before you're willing to declare "The Economy
         | is Good"?
         | 
         | Basically the point you made is an example of the Economics of
         | Vibes. It's non-falsifiable and allows you to justify any
         | position you want. We're about to start a global trade war, it
         | seems, based on those vibes.
         | 
         | In point of fact household savings rate as a proportion of
         | household income is _not_ particularly low right now. In fact
         | it had a huge spike during the pandemic (lots of assistance and
         | nothing to buy, same thing that caused the inflation burp).
        
           | DonnyV wrote:
           | Family needs to make $107,700 a year to own a home.
           | 
           | Apartment in a moderate-cost area is about
           | $70,000-$100,000/year.
           | 
           | Median salary in the US is $59,300
           | 
           | What considered poverty level in the US for: 1 person:
           | $15,060 2 people: $20,440 3 people: $25,820 4 people: $31,200
           | 
           | According to recent data from the U.S. Census Bureau, around
           | 50% of Americans make $70,000 or more annually.
           | 
           | That means about 50% of the US can not afford a place to
           | live.
        
             | umvi wrote:
             | > That means about 50% of the US can not afford a place to
             | live.
             | 
             | No, at best the conclusion is that 50% of the US can not
             | afford to own a home. But not owning a home !=
             | homelessness. Renting still exist. Roommates still exist.
             | There's a house in my neighborhood that has 3 (El
             | Salvadorian, I believe) families living inside of it, and
             | they are contributing 3x income to make it work (this
             | depends on zoning laws though).
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | > at best the conclusion is that 50% of the US can not
               | afford to own a home.
               | 
               | More particularly, 50% of the single person households in
               | the US. This does not apply to a couple unless they are
               | aiming for the Leave it to Beaver dream of a stay-at-home
               | wife.
        
             | shafoshaf wrote:
             | I wouldn't consider $5,833 a moderate cost rent. ($70k /
             | 12) 3 bedrooms inside the loop in Houston is ~$2,100 /
             | month. https://www.apartments.com/vintage-at-18th-street-
             | houston-tx...
        
             | lief79 wrote:
             | The average apartment in a moderate-cost area is 5833 per
             | month? Where is that number coming from?
             | 
             | The average rent for an apartment in the United States is
             | between $1,559 and $1,748 per month, depending on the
             | source (google AI). This would be $21000 per year in rent.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | > That means about 50% of the US can not afford a place to
             | live.
             | 
             | And yet, they do. I don't think your numbers lead to your
             | conclusion.
             | 
             | Being single and wanting to own your own home is going to
             | be the closest situation to your conclusion. 50% of those
             | folks being unable to achieve that dream sounds plausible.
             | 
             | The median rent is $1621. One bedroom and studio apartments
             | will be on the lower end, and a $60K salary is likely to be
             | sufficient.
             | 
             | For everyone who wants to obtain housing for themselves and
             | a significant other, they have $120K to work with. Now the
             | house looks achievable.
        
             | ActorNightly wrote:
             | >moderate-cost area
             | 
             | The problem is that moderate cost area is of now has a lot
             | better quality of life, with plenty of things in short
             | driving distances, compared to what it was back when
             | housing was "affordable".
             | 
             | You can go browse Zillow across US and find ~100k houses,
             | which even at higher interest rates are affordable on a
             | $60k household salary. Of course the quality of life is
             | going to be much worse than what you normally know, but it
             | would be similar to what your grandparents had when they
             | bought the house.
        
         | sangnoir wrote:
         | > But is the majority of the population thriving?
         | 
         | Looking at the numbers: low unemployment, strong consumer
         | spending, average income increasing at a rate higher than
         | inflation, I'd say the majority is doing better than most
         | years. They might not _feel_ that way though, and we 've been
         | in a continuous _vibes-cession_ since COVID.
        
           | buffet_overflow wrote:
           | > strong consumer spending
           | 
           | I'd like to see that plotted against average consumer debt
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CDSP
             | 
             | slightly below pre-pandemic levels, and significantly below
             | 2005-2008 levels.
        
             | Workaccount2 wrote:
             | https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CCLACBW027SBOG
             | 
             | The trend is basically back to where it would be if you
             | just extrapolated 2019.
             | 
             | You can even see the origin of the "vibe-session" here,
             | things got pretty good for a lot of people in the money
             | shower of the pandemic stimulus combined with low "stay at
             | home" spending. Its the return to normal that has people
             | spun with "the economy sucks".
        
               | coldtea wrote:
               | > _The trend is basically back to where it would be if
               | you just extrapolated 2019_
               | 
               | So crap going crappier, with a short reversal for a
               | couple of years.
        
           | DonnyV wrote:
           | Family needs to make $107,700 a year to own a home.
           | 
           | Apartment in a moderate-cost area is about
           | $70,000-$100,000/year.
           | 
           | Median salary in the US is $59,300
           | 
           | What considered poverty level in the US for: 1 person:
           | $15,060 2 people: $20,440 3 people: $25,820 4 people: $31,200
           | 
           | According to recent data from the U.S. Census Bureau, around
           | 50% of Americans make $70,000 or more annually.
           | 
           | That means about 50% of the US can not afford a place to
           | live.
        
             | NikolaNovak wrote:
             | I'm misinterpreting something here:
             | 
             | "Apartment in a moderate-cost area is about
             | $70,000-$100,000/year."
             | 
             | Are we saying apartment rental is between 5 and 8 thousand
             | dollars a month? What is the definition of this moderate
             | cost area??
        
               | DonnyV wrote:
               | This is to own an apartment or condo. What your mortgage
               | is a month is going to be different for everyone
               | depending on what they put down.
        
               | NikolaNovak wrote:
               | Right. I was born in Europe and am still struggling with
               | North American cultural assumption that "place to live"
               | == "own property".
               | 
               | Back to the original post I think there are several
               | statistics that apply to different geographical areas or
               | demographics in the same post, leading us to conclusion
               | that half the continent is out on the street, and
               | demonstrating risk of back of the napkin calculations on
               | policy decisions, even if we assume good will and honest
               | effort :-/
        
               | bpt3 wrote:
               | To be clear, the parent poster is not using these terms
               | as a native American would either.
               | 
               | He's arguing below that about 50% of the US population is
               | homeless, which is not even close to accurate.
        
               | gs17 wrote:
               | This isn't a "North American cultural assumption", I'm
               | pretty sure most Americans would take that to mean rent
               | too.
        
               | coliveira wrote:
               | It is not the same, but these are proxy numbers, because
               | rental costs will increase along with owning costs.
        
               | chgs wrote:
               | Median house price is 347k. I find it hard to believe a
               | mortgage on that is 60k a year.
        
               | bdangubic wrote:
               | $374k at say 7% interest with average property taxes and
               | insurance will be around $4.2k/month. not quite $60k/year
               | but not too far off...
        
               | datadrivenangel wrote:
               | Downtown SF or NYC.
        
             | revnode wrote:
             | > That means about 50% of the US can not afford a place to
             | live.
             | 
             | So 50% of the US are homeless?
        
               | DonnyV wrote:
               | In some form or fashion yes. Theres a reason why there
               | are so many homeless tent camps everywhere. These people
               | are not choosing to be homeless. They just can't afford a
               | place. But remember a lot of them still have jobs. At
               | Walmart, Amazon Warehouses, etc.
        
               | aliasxneo wrote:
               | > In some form or fashion yes
               | 
               | Can you clarify? Because I'd find it hard to believe that
               | half of Americans are literally homeless. It might make
               | more sense if you're referring to home-owners.
        
               | redeux wrote:
               | "Half of Americans are facing housing insecurity" is
               | probably closer to the intent but I don't know if that's
               | actually true.
        
               | chgs wrote:
               | 170 million people living in tents? Wow.
        
               | coldtea wrote:
               | They are a couple of paychecks away from being broke, and
               | a health condition away from being one.
        
               | coliveira wrote:
               | They are either overspending or under non-standard living
               | arrangements: roommates, living with relatives, living in
               | cars, etc.
        
               | plasticchris wrote:
               | Or they inherited a home and can barely afford insurance,
               | taxes, or upkeep on it.
        
             | dkasper wrote:
             | You're forgetting lots of people rent. Lots of people can't
             | afford to own, and almost all of them rent. The other
             | factor is dual, or even 3+ incomes in families living
             | together.
        
               | bdangubic wrote:
               | lots of people that can afford to buy many houses rent
               | because it makes very little financial sense (for those
               | who understand slightly-above-basic-math) to own a house
               | in the US
        
             | hombre_fatal wrote:
             | That's not a measure of an economy though. Housing and
             | especially dense affordable housing isn't widely built in
             | the US and the supply is artificially constrained, usually
             | by NIMBY politics.
        
               | reverendsteveii wrote:
               | you're right, it's a measure of access to life's
               | necessities. the point of the comment is that access to
               | life's necessities isn't tied to the economy.
        
             | glandium wrote:
             | > Median salary in the US is $59,300
             | 
             | > around 50% of Americans make $70,000 or more annually.
             | 
             | Wait a second. "50% of Americans making X or more" means X
             | is the median. Does that imply a _ton_ of people are
             | working more than one job?
        
             | 9rx wrote:
             | _> Family needs to make $107,700 a year to own a home._
             | 
             | I don't see how that computes. The internet suggests that,
             | on the high end, a family will spend around $10,000 on home
             | repairs, maintenance, and insurance, which is in line with
             | my experience. So almost $100,000 in yearly property taxes
             | for a typical family home? Not a chance.
             | 
             | I suspect you are thinking of buying a home rather than
             | owning a home, but homes are bought with wealth, not
             | income, so an income figure here doesn't make much sense if
             | that is, in fact, what you are thinking of. If that is not
             | what you are thinking of, I, for one, don't understand what
             | you are trying to say. This figure doesn't seem to have any
             | applicability.
        
               | nomel wrote:
               | > but homes are bought with wealth, not income
               | 
               | What do you mean by this? In the US, over 60% of people
               | have a mortgage [1], which almost always means it's
               | coming from some percentage of their income. When you get
               | a home loan, the banks only real concern is your credit
               | score and income. Anecdotal, but I don't know a single
               | person that doesn't have their monthly mortgage scaled to
               | their income, since I don't know a single person under 60
               | without a mortgage that's coming from their income.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.investopedia.com/percent-homeowners-have-
               | mortgag....
        
             | Buttons840 wrote:
             | Median age of first time home buyers is now 38, up from 35
             | last year.
        
           | webdood90 wrote:
           | > low unemployment
           | 
           | I feel that this is pretty well established as a misleading
           | metric https://www.investopedia.com/financial-edge/0609/what-
           | the-un...
           | 
           | > strong consumer spending
           | 
           | how does this track against consumer debt?
           | 
           | > average income increasing at a rate higher than inflation
           | 
           | but has it caught up?
           | https://www.bankrate.com/banking/federal-reserve/wage-to-
           | inf...
           | 
           | > I'd say the majority is doing better than most years
           | 
           | most years being the past 2 or 3? because I feel like we were
           | all doing a lot better before 2020
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | >I feel that this is pretty well established as a
             | misleading metric https://www.investopedia.com/financial-
             | edge/0609/what-the-un...
             | 
             | I fail to see how it's "misleading". U3 doesn't include
             | people who don't want a job. That seems... fine? If you
             | don't want a job, and don't have a job, why should you be
             | factored into the health of the labor market? Isn't it more
             | misleading to lump people who want a job but can't find a
             | job, with people who don't want a job and aren't working?
             | 
             | >but has it caught up?
             | https://www.bankrate.com/banking/federal-reserve/wage-to-
             | inf...
             | 
             | The linked article says:
             | 
             | >Source: Bankrate's Wage To Inflation Index using the
             | Department of Labor's employment cost index (ECI) and
             | consumer price index (CPI)
             | 
             | Using BLS's weekly wage data adjusted by CPI gets the
             | opposite conclusion, so my guess is that there's something
             | funky going on with the employment cost index. For one, it
             | includes benefits, so if health insurance costs go down,
             | then "average income" (as computed by bankrate's index)
             | will go down, even if your take-home is the same. At best,
             | the only thing you can conclude from that is "employers'
             | spending on employees is rising slower than inflation",
             | which is slightly different than "employees' incomes are
             | rising slower than inflation".
             | 
             | https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/LES1252881600Q
        
             | sangnoir wrote:
             | > but has it caught up?
             | 
             | Which year is your baseline, and why?
        
           | lolinder wrote:
           | HN in particular has a deflated view of the economy because
           | our sector was going through such a big bubble from 2014 on,
           | which got even bigger for a brief window around the pandemic.
           | We in particular had a long way to fall back to reality, so
           | our personal economic outlook is worse than it's been for a
           | while, even if the rest of the economy is looking up.
        
             | llm_trw wrote:
             | Hn has a highly inflated view of the economy because we
             | only see the top of the economic pie. I shop at cheap
             | ethnic stores because I grew up with that food and the
             | prices that poor people see are two to three times what
             | they were 5 years ago. Telling this to someone who buys
             | premium organic free range eggs is like trying to explain
             | to a fish that a flood doesn't benefit everyone.
        
               | rmbyrro wrote:
               | Loved the fish analogy
        
               | throwup238 wrote:
               | It's funny you mention eggs because I live in one of the
               | highest cost of living areas in the country with legally
               | mandated cage free eggs and Trader Joes has them for
               | $2.99 a dozen when people keep complaining about $6+ a
               | dozen in the rest of the country (which is what I'd pay
               | if I wanted the premium organic free range shit). When a
               | famously expensive grocery store for yuppies has cheap
               | eggs in Southern California, I figure the OP is right in
               | their word choice: it's a vibe-cession.
               | 
               | I also shop mostly at ethnic grocery stores (Superking,
               | Ranch 99, H mart, etc) and IMO the problem isn't
               | inflation but general consolidation across many
               | industries. I'm always shocked when I travel to less
               | populated regions (even in California) and see their
               | grocery availability, usually dominated by a single major
               | chain like Albertsons or a local one like Publix. SoCal
               | has competitive prices for groceries despite the high
               | cost of living because there are so many people (and
               | immigrants) to support many competitors, none of whom
               | have real pricing power. My grocery budget hasn't gone up
               | significantly in the last five years despite switching to
               | Costco for my meat rather than the cheaper halaal
               | butcher.
               | 
               | Eggs are always more expensive at the ethnic stores here
               | but cheap at TJs because they use it as a competitive
               | loss leader. A lot of the country can't support such
               | competition so there's zero incentive for suppliers to
               | drive down costs.
        
             | bbqfog wrote:
             | The interest rate is hurting everyone who can't buy houses
             | with cash. High interest rates have also helped crash the
             | real estate market, so even if you just own a home, you've
             | taken a bath since the high interest policy has been
             | implemented.
        
           | coliveira wrote:
           | Well, let's go:
           | 
           | > low unemployment
           | 
           | In an economy where you can easily deliver packages or drive
           | uber, there will always be close to zero unemployment. This
           | number stopped making sense a few years ago.
           | 
           | > strong consumer spending
           | 
           | In a high inflation environment, one has to consume
           | "strongly" just to maintain the same standards of living.
           | 
           | > average income increasing at a rate higher than inflation
           | 
           | If you underreport inflation, then the average income will
           | increase faster. But even if not, average is not what you and
           | I receive, and it is determined by some people making lots of
           | money while others have stagnating salaries.
           | 
           | > majority is doing better than most years
           | 
           | You cannot prove this from the above points. Average income
           | doesn't mean that the majority is doing better. Something
           | called inequality will not allow that to happen.
           | 
           | > They might not feel that way though
           | 
           | That is pop psychology at its worst. Nobody cares about
           | feelings, you just need to look at the numbers in a critical
           | way.
        
             | llamaimperative wrote:
             | > In an economy where you can easily deliver packages or
             | drive uber, there will always be close to zero
             | unemployment. This number stopped making sense a few years
             | ago.
             | 
             | Part time employment is roughly where it was _in absolute
             | numbers_ (not even per capita) in 2009.
             | https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/LNS12600000
             | 
             | > In a high inflation environment, one has to consume
             | "strongly" just to maintain the same standards of living.
             | 
             | You're wrong here too. Here's a chart that's inflation-
             | adjusted: https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/PCEC96
             | 
             | > If you underreport inflation
             | 
             | Ah I see... your entire worldview is predicated on just
             | assuming different facts than what your interlocutors are.
             | Feel free to substantiate this rather fundamental claim.
             | 
             | > That is pop psychology at its worst. Nobody cares about
             | feelings, you just need to look at the numbers in a
             | critical way.
             | 
             | "Look at the numbers in a critical way" is an interesting
             | framing of "make shit up."
        
               | coliveira wrote:
               | You're the one explaining economic realities based on
               | "feelings".
        
             | sangnoir wrote:
             | > In a high inflation environment, one has to consume
             | "strongly" just to maintain the same standards of living.
             | 
             | Strong disagree: you can't spend what you don't have (or
             | can't borrow), so spending is a vital signal.
             | 
             | There's a natural experiment that just happened that
             | refutes your argument: after Covid, most of the world had
             | high inflation (with some actual recessions), but the US
             | did better than everyone else, with stronger American
             | consumer spending helping the recovery (leading to more
             | jobs to service the strong demand). Your argument falls
             | apart when you consider why UK or French consumers consume
             | as "strongly" to maintain their lifestyles.
             | 
             | > If you underreport inflation, then the average income
             | will increase faster.
             | 
             | There's no one way to calculate inflation (since this
             | depends on how you choose your 'basket'). But like I said,
             | based on vibes, everything is awful.
        
               | coliveira wrote:
               | > you can't spend what you don't have
               | 
               | Yes you can, just borrow more [1]:
               | 
               | [1] https://washingtonstatestandard.com/2024/08/26/us-
               | credit-car...
               | 
               | > Your argument falls apart when you consider why UK or
               | French consumers consume as "strongly" to maintain their
               | lifestyles
               | 
               | They don't have access to cheap credit as the US consumer
               | has, and being smarter than Americans they refrain from
               | going into more debt.
               | 
               | > There's no one way to calculate inflation
               | 
               | Yes, there is, it is just different for lower income
               | earners. Economists just don't want to measure the impact
               | on people who have to spend large part of their salaries
               | on rents, health care, cars, all things with prices that
               | increase higher than official inflation.
        
           | narski wrote:
           | >Looking at the numbers
           | 
           | I'm reminded of this excerpt from 1984:
           | 
           | But actually, he thought as he re-adjusted the Ministry of
           | Plenty's figures, it was not even forgery. It was merely the
           | substitution of one piece of nonsense for another. Most of
           | the material that you were dealing with had no connexion with
           | anything in the real world, not even the kind of connexion
           | that is contained in a direct lie. Statistics were just as
           | much a fantasy in their original version as in their
           | rectified version. A great deal of the time you were expected
           | to make them up out of your head. For example, the Ministry
           | of Plenty's forecast had estimated the output of boots for
           | the quarter at 145 million pairs. The actual output was given
           | as sixty-two millions. Winston, however, in rewriting the
           | forecast, marked the figure down to fifty-seven millions, so
           | as to allow for the usual claim that the quota had been
           | overfulfilled. In any case, sixty-two millions was no nearer
           | the truth than fifty-seven millions, or than 145 millions.
           | Very likely no boots had been produced at all. Likelier
           | still, nobody knew how many had been produced, much less
           | cared. All one knew was that every quarter astronomical
           | numbers of boots were produced on paper, while perhaps half
           | the population of Oceania went barefoot. And so it was with
           | every class of recorded fact, great or small. Everything
           | faded away into a shadow-world in which, finally, even the
           | date of the year had become uncertain.
           | 
           | ---
           | 
           | Of course, I'm sure none of that would ever apply to _our_
           | numbers, only to those of our _opponents_.
        
           | bbqfog wrote:
           | Looking at the numbers the interest rate is almost 7% making
           | most things very unaffordable for people who can't buy things
           | like houses and cars with cash. Until that number
           | dramatically goes down, regular people will suffer.
        
         | ricardobayes wrote:
         | Some of the population is definitely thriving.
         | 
         | Although, does that reflect in higher quality of life? Some
         | statistics say no. The best quality of life is where there is
         | good access to quality healthcare, education, clean air and
         | water, culture, and low crime. When taking into account all the
         | above, somewhat surprisingly, Austria and Switzerland come as
         | top places to live.
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_quality_of_life_indices
        
         | umvi wrote:
         | > It is very misleading (at best) to say the economy is strong
         | when a good chunk of the population live paycheck to paycheck.
         | 
         | This is oft repeated by politicians (including Bernie Sanders
         | recently), but I've seen some good arguments why this can be a
         | misleading claim. Ex. https://www.noahpinion.blog/p/paycheck-
         | to-paycheck-and-five-...
        
         | benreesman wrote:
         | Asset prices are extremely high. When politicians or business
         | journalists say "the economy is doing well" they mean asset
         | prices. The stock market is high on a number of metrics, which
         | is great if you own a bunch of equities. Housing prices are
         | soaring, which is great if you own real estate.
         | 
         | Food, housing, energy, healthcare, education. Real wage growth
         | and job security measured against the prices and durations of
         | those things. That's what matters to people who don't own
         | significant real assets, those are the things that can get
         | extremely bad (someone tries to murder the CEO of United
         | Healthcare on the street bad) without showing up in the numbers
         | you see in the press.
         | 
         | Simon Kuznets himself, the inventor of GDP as a metric sternly
         | cautioned policymakers about treating it as a summary
         | statistic.
        
           | bpt3 wrote:
           | > Food, housing, energy, healthcare, education. Real wage
           | growth and job security measured against the prices and
           | durations of those things. That's what matters to people who
           | don't own significant real assets, those are the things that
           | can get extremely bad (someone tries to murder the CEO of
           | United Healthcare on the street bad) without showing up in
           | the numbers you see in the press.
           | 
           | You're correct that they do matter and can get bad, but are
           | not bad currently as regularly reported in the press.
           | 
           | Lower income households in the US did better than everyone
           | else by these metrics coming out of COVID.
        
         | hammock wrote:
         | >But is the majority of the population thriving?
         | 
         | Which country is that true of?
        
         | bpt3 wrote:
         | > It is very misleading (at best) to say the economy is strong
         | when a good chunk of the population live paycheck to paycheck.
         | 
         | By every metric, the economy is strong.
         | 
         | A large portion of the households living "paycheck to paycheck"
         | are either doing so by choice or don't understand what the term
         | means and are ignoring things like retirement savings when they
         | make that statement.
        
         | divbzero wrote:
         | > _But is the majority of the population thriving?_
         | 
         | This is a good point. Aggregate GDP is definitely not the right
         | measure for this, and even GDP per capita adjusted for
         | inflation and PPP does not account for economic inequality.
         | Median household income adjusted for inflation and PPP would
         | probably be the least bad option if we had to choose a single
         | statistic.
         | 
         | https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/median-in...
        
         | mullingitover wrote:
         | > But is the majority of the population thriving?
         | 
         | It's important to understand that the stock market is a
         | _leading indicator_.
         | 
         | Everyone doesn't immediately get laid off when the stock market
         | tanks. Everyone doesn't immediately get a raise when the stock
         | market is roaring.
         | 
         | A lot of people are just now experiencing the stock market
         | mini-crash of 2022, when the pandemic helicopter money dried
         | up. In two years a lot of people are going to be experiencing
         | the investments that are being made in the market right now.
         | Most of them are going to wrongly ascribe those good times to
         | the person holding high political office even though that
         | person had nothing to do with it. This won't be the first time
         | it has happened.
        
         | jandrewrogers wrote:
         | US Federal Reserve studies indicate that the percentage of US
         | households with no excess income after _necessary_ expenses (as
         | distinct from  "ordinary expenses" as a term of art) is on the
         | order of 10-15%. This definition roughly matches most people's
         | intuition of what "living paycheck-to-paycheck" means. That
         | isn't nothing but it implies 85-90% of Americans are not
         | actually living paycheck-to-paycheck.
         | 
         | There is another 25-30% of households that spend all of their
         | income on ordinary expenses beyond necessary expenses. This
         | includes things like car payments on a new BMW or a mortgage on
         | a big house; "ordinary" is determined by expense category, not
         | expense necessity, so a lot of spending on luxury goods is
         | classified as "ordinary". By implication, there is effectively
         | no ceiling to ordinary expenses.
         | 
         | By contrast, the median US household has >$12,000/year in
         | excess income after _all ordinary expenses_. Technically these
         | households could have expanded their lifestyle to consume that
         | income, but in many cases they are spending it on things that
         | are not classified as  "ordinary" and therefore not saving it.
         | The categories of "non-ordinary" expenses (which have a
         | sensible objective criteria) are almost entirely obvious
         | lifestyle flex things, so not particularly controversial.
         | 
         | The implications of these statistics are pretty wild. The
         | median household can easily accumulate a million dollars in
         | inflation-adjusted net worth, not including their house, over a
         | 40 year career. And they can do it without being particularly
         | thrifty, since ordinary expenses covers a lot of luxury
         | spending.
         | 
         | Americans have very high incomes, both in theory and practice,
         | they just would rather spend it than save it.
        
       | gigel82 wrote:
       | All these statements about the "booming economy" are triggering
       | for a lot of people because this "economy" they're talking about
       | is just an abstract notion that has absolutely nothing to do with
       | people's financial situation.
       | 
       | I don't know if we need a different term entirely to make this
       | distinction.
        
       | HellDunkel wrote:
       | When younger, i often thought about moving to the US because it
       | offered so many amazing and creative places to work. Most of
       | these places seem to have gone completely or are in a somewhat
       | unhealthy state (hollywood, video games). Boring tech companies
       | took over and often times they stared with just a website - for
       | gods sake- this is so lame! I'm so happy i didnt go back then- I
       | think it would have depressed me to experience this first hand
       | but who knows.
        
         | deaddodo wrote:
         | What do you mean by "unhealthy state"?
         | 
         | Hollywood (the location) has always been skeazy/decrepit
         | location (at least, after the 60s). Hollywood (the idea) is
         | still going fine...other places have just developed their own
         | media output too. One thing getting stronger doesn't mean the
         | other is now sick, unless your only mental model is
         | "defeatism". If anything, the US not being the _only_ media
         | producer in the world has made it easier for smaller /more
         | indie/more culturally significant media to thrive in the US
         | again.
         | 
         | As to Video Games, I don't even know how to tackle that. The US
         | and Japan still dominate the video game market and have since
         | the 80s (with the US solely dominating it before). And the
         | American-led Independent/art games scene has been in it's
         | golden age for about a decade now.
         | 
         | It's impossible to defend/explain something without a
         | comparison point; but just your vague abstract comments are
         | falsifiable on their face.
        
           | pests wrote:
           | I think you are debating whereas OP was just sharing a
           | memory.
        
             | deaddodo wrote:
             | I'm not debating, I'm explaining the inaccuracies of their
             | perspective.
        
           | francisofascii wrote:
           | I took "unhealthy state" to mean a toxic work culture, with
           | long hours and low pay. If you work as a low level
           | actor/writer, you have to audition all the time and are about
           | to get replaced by AI.
        
         | UniverseHacker wrote:
         | The US still is absolutely an amazing place to do creative
         | work. Most of the fun innovative stuff is done in small
         | companies, startups, and academia. Big organizations find it
         | hard to not stifle creativity with bureaucracy- so they've
         | taken to just buying the creative work once it's out there.
        
         | zeroc8 wrote:
         | Same here, I've even lived in the States for a while. For me,
         | Europe is the place to be. While we might not have as many
         | opportunities as our counterparts in the States, life is
         | generally pretty great over here for the average Joe. They have
         | more money, but we have more free time for ourselves. Since
         | life is short, time is more valuable. At least for me.
        
       | wg0 wrote:
       | It is basically soaring because there's a drive to pull things
       | from China. That is posting lots of economic activity for sure.
       | 
       | Others in contrast aren't in that race to cordon off from China.
        
       | loufe wrote:
       | It's also the distorted ability to rack up ungodly amounts of
       | debt without facing the normal consequences of doing that. The US
       | economy is booming, but it's borrowing from two decades from now
       | to fuel the moment. When their debt gets unmanageable, the
       | world's economy will enter a depression, IMO.
        
         | skybrian wrote:
         | Maybe, but low interest rates have been over for two years and
         | so far, so good.
         | 
         | Also, not exactly borrowing from the future (this is impossible
         | without a time machine). More like borrowing based on
         | expectations about future income.
        
       | Entalpi wrote:
       | Does anyone know of a more accurate economic measurement of
       | growth rather than GDP?
       | 
       | Building bombs a la Russia and paying a lot for healthcare is
       | great for GDP but are those money well spent to grow the economy?
        
       | Kon5ole wrote:
       | Being poor is really terrible in the US, being rich is really
       | great. Everybody learns this from day 1 and get reminded of it
       | almost daily.
       | 
       | There are downsides to such a society but it creates a strong
       | incentive to get rich, or at least to never become poor, and thus
       | more economic activity.
        
       | skybrian wrote:
       | Krugman pointed out [1] that 10% of US GDP is in tech counties
       | and Manhattan, with 4.4% of employment.
       | 
       | I wonder if productivity growth is mostly there too?
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://bsky.app/profile/pkrugman.bsky.social/post/3lcii6zna...
        
       | spaceguillotine wrote:
       | I've never known more homeless people before in my life in
       | America, seems like its only the rich getting richer and the poor
       | getting poorer and less healthy.
        
         | bpt3 wrote:
         | And I know zero homeless people. Anecdotal observations are
         | meaningless with respect to a multi-trillion dollar economy
         | with hundreds of millions of participants.
        
           | atoav wrote:
           | What are you talking about?
           | 
           | Anecdotal evidence _alone_ is worthless, but paired with
           | statistical evidence it isn 't. And we have that evidence.
           | 
           | Also: you "not knowing" a homeless person is _itself_
           | anecdotal and not only that: it is actually _worse_ than the
           | evidence you attacked.
           | 
           | The critiqued evidence is about how many of X a person sees.
           | That isn't perfect, as it depends and how observant that
           | person is and how much they go out (and where). Your counter
           | of "not knowing" is by magnitudes worse, since on top of the
           | previous flaws your number now _also_ depends on how sociable
           | you are towards homeless people (given the sentiment
           | displayed I guess: not at all).
           | 
           | So not only is your criticism wrong, you are actually at
           | fault of the very method you critizised -- only to a much
           | higher degree.
        
         | buckle8017 wrote:
         | The homeless is just more visible than it used to be.
         | 
         | https://www.statista.com/statistics/555795/estimated-number-...
        
           | redeux wrote:
           | From my perspective all that chart shows is that it's been
           | pervasive issue for at least the last 2 decades. I don't
           | think that homelessness is any more or less visible now than
           | it has been, at least in my lifetime.
        
             | buckle8017 wrote:
             | It's certainly more visible in west coast cities where the
             | homeless are moving to get services(and less winter).
        
               | TrapLord_Rhodo wrote:
               | from your source above:
               | 
               | >New Hampshire saw the highest increase in the number of
               | homeless people.
        
           | TrapLord_Rhodo wrote:
           | the chart shows an absolute surge? Are you we looking at the
           | same chart? also, if we are thinking from first principles
           | here... there's no way to actually count that... Maybe you
           | can give a sample area, and go around counting that specific
           | area? and just do that for every major city? still pretty
           | shaky data at best... so in this case i think anecdotal
           | evidence is better evidence. There is obviously WAY, WAY, WAY
           | more homeless, and they are WAY, WAY, WAY more cracked out.
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | >seems like its only the rich getting richer and the poor
         | getting poorer and less healthy.
         | 
         | At least in the past decade, the opposite has been happening.
         | 
         | >[...] Even after taxes and transfers, the average real income
         | of households like his grew by 110% from 1990 to 2019,
         | according to the Congressional Budget Office (CBO). But most of
         | that growth took place early in the time period: in 2019 he was
         | probably doing worse than his equivalent in 2007, before the
         | global financial crisis.
         | 
         | >By contrast incomes in the lowest 20% of households, in which
         | the fast-food worker resides, surged in the tight labour market
         | of the late-2010s. By 2019 she was enjoying after-tax-and-
         | transfer household income 25% higher than those like her in
         | 2007, in part thanks to "Obamacare". Even over the full period
         | since 1990, the bottom quintile's after-tax-and-transfer income
         | growth was 77%, the same as for the highest quintile--thus,
         | excluding the highest-earning 1% from the top 20% would show
         | the poor enjoying faster income growth than the upper-middle-
         | class. [...]
         | 
         | https://www.economist.com/special-report/2024/10/14/is-highe...
        
           | redeux wrote:
           | Here's a nice visual to put that into context (spoiler alert,
           | while the bottom has seen gains, they're laughable in the
           | overall context and are not rising at the rate the top is
           | seeing)
           | 
           | https://www.visualcapitalist.com/wealth-distribution-in-
           | amer...
        
       | redeux wrote:
       | The results of the last election tell a much different story. If
       | the economy was soaring for the average person then I don't think
       | control of the government would have changed or at least not as
       | dramatically.
        
         | mattnewton wrote:
         | https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2024/01/25/views-of-the...
         | 
         | Views of how the economy is doing are also highly correlated
         | with political party and where you get your news. I'm not sure
         | where the casual relationship begins but it could be where you
         | get your news determines how you think the economy is doing and
         | where you get your news is from political voices you agree with
        
         | Gibbon1 wrote:
         | The St Louis fed has a plot of units of housing over the last
         | 25 years. Since 2008 we're short about 15 million units of
         | housing. Which is how everyone that works for a living is
         | getting squeezed. Rents and mortgages have sucked up all the
         | disposable income.
        
         | TrapLord_Rhodo wrote:
         | The economy can be soaring and the average person still
         | struggling... Alot of the economy has been more and more
         | centralized. Stocks and real estate might be at all time highs,
         | but thats not liquid to the average joe.
        
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