[HN Gopher] When did estimates turn into deadlines?
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       When did estimates turn into deadlines?
        
       Author : alexzeitler
       Score  : 67 points
       Date   : 2024-11-19 20:03 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (domainanalysis.io)
 (TXT) w3m dump (domainanalysis.io)
        
       | baxtr wrote:
       | I learned something important early in my career: the first
       | number you put out will be remembered.
       | 
       | Unfortunately it's often true. People keep saying: "but didn't
       | you initially say X?"
       | 
       | "Sure I did, but I have new knowledge" won't always work.
       | 
       | A nasty side-effect is that people who are aware of this shy away
       | from giving you numbers.
        
         | floren wrote:
         | > Kirk: Mr. Scott. Have you always multiplied your repair
         | estimates by a factor of four?
         | 
         | > Scotty: Certainly, sir. How else can I keep my reputation as
         | a miracle worker?
        
           | dhosek wrote:
           | There's a whole generation of developers who have
           | internalized this.
        
         | darekkay wrote:
         | > the first number you put out will be remembered
         | 
         | This is called anchoring effect, a psychological bias.
        
       | NikkiA wrote:
       | Sometime around 1956 at a guess.
        
       | nextworddev wrote:
       | Multiply your original estimate by 3, works most of the time
        
         | loloquwowndueo wrote:
         | Montgomery Scott recommends 4 instead.
        
           | ben_w wrote:
           | A friend suggests doubling the number and increasing to the
           | next unit -- hours become days, days become weeks, etc.
           | 
           | I've certainly seen some environments -- plural -- where a
           | task that _should_ take 1 hour actually takes 2 days, and one
           | that should take 2 days takes 4 weeks.
        
         | rectang wrote:
         | Multiply by p -- it's more accurate.
        
         | dredmorbius wrote:
         | Heuristics I'd learned was "double the time and bump the unit".
         | 
         | So: 2 hours -> 4 days, 1 week -> 2 months, etc.
         | 
         | (I'm not sure _where_ this turned up, but it 's a long time
         | ago, going on three decades.)
         | 
         | The other option is to carefully track tasks, relevant
         | dimensions, estimates, and actual performance, and see if
         | there's any prediction modelling which can be derived from
         | that. Problem is that this a classic instance of modelling in
         | which the model itself affects the domain (as with economics
         | and sociology, contrasted with astronomy and meterology where
         | this isn't the case), such that estimates incorporating past
         | performance data will incorporate the fact that the prediction
         | model is being used.
        
         | dsego wrote:
         | Then you get the dreaded can you explain why it takes so long,
         | or I asked engineer xyz and they gave a different estimate,
         | where is the complexity etc.
        
       | dspillett wrote:
       | > _When did estimates turn into deadlines?_
       | 
       | In my personal experience: the first time I gave what could be
       | construed as an official estimate.
        
       | OutOfHere wrote:
       | When I give an estimate, I always reiterate that it's just an
       | estimate that is based on limited and incomplete information, and
       | that the real number can be more or less. If they don't like it,
       | they're free to put someone else on the project.
        
       | redleggedfrog wrote:
       | I've gone through times when management would treat estimates as
       | deadlines, and were deaf to any sort of reason about why it could
       | be otherwise, like the usual thing of them changing the
       | specification repeatedly.
       | 
       | So when those times have occurred I've (we've more accurately)
       | adopted what I refer to the "deer in the headlights" response to
       | just about anything non-trivial. "Hoo boy, that could be doozy. I
       | think someone on the team needs to take an hour or so and figure
       | out what this is really going to take." Then you'll get asked to
       | "ballpark it" because that's what managers do, and they get a
       | number that makes them rise up in their chair, and yes, that is
       | the number they remember. And then you do your hour of due
       | diligence, and try your best not to actually give any other
       | number than the ballpark at any time, and then you get it done
       | "ahead of time" and look good.
       | 
       | Now, I've had good managers who totally didn't need this
       | strategy, and I loved 'em to death. But for the other numbnuts
       | who can't be bothered to learn their career skills, they get the
       | whites of my eyes.
       | 
       | Also, just made meetings a lot more fun.
        
       | snakeyjake wrote:
       | In 1505 Michelangelo gave an estimate of five years to finish the
       | tomb for Pope Julius II.
       | 
       | Due to small side projects like the painting of the Sistine
       | Chapel ceiling it took around 40.
       | 
       | Failure to meet the deadline informed by the estimate meant that
       | the scale of the project was massively reduced because: Pope
       | Julius II had died prior to completion, there were changes
       | requested by the customer (both Julius and his heirs), supply
       | chain issues, contract renegotiations, labor disputes, shortages
       | of qualified workers, and money running out due to the long
       | duration of the project.
       | 
       | So, since 1505 at least?
       | 
       | The funny thing is that the pope isn't even interred there.
        
       | ahallock wrote:
       | Working in smaller steps is how you should build software.
       | Constantly get feedback and re-evaluate what you're working on
       | with other members of the team. Instead of giving an estimate,
       | use t-shirt size.
       | 
       | With constant feedback, the whole team is participating in the
       | emergent complexity, instead of being passive and just annoying
       | you with "is it done yet"?
        
         | dijit wrote:
         | but what if I'm working on something meaningful?
         | 
         | I can't MVP my way to a simulation physics engine, when each
         | feature or partial feature requires weeks of planning, testing,
         | iterating and tweaking- privately, before anything can be
         | delivered to be used.
         | 
         | Feedback, implies a working widget.
        
           | caseyy wrote:
           | Yes, a lot of managers don't understand that you can't see
           | some work on screen immediately. Especially in my corner of
           | the industry which is games.
           | 
           | There is this expectation in many game companies now that
           | everyone must demo their work on screen every sprint, and it
           | works well for artists and designers who run these companies.
           | But how do you demo an implementation of a data structure
           | with, let's say, pre-caching for fast search? How do you demo
           | doing a bug fixing pass on failed functional tests? How do
           | you show in gameplay a new Lua function library your game
           | designers requested?
           | 
           | So eventually programmers give into this mismanagement. They
           | don't do deep systems bug fixes, performance improvements,
           | code quality passes or really any code quality work - not
           | even code reviews. These things take time and are sometimes
           | actively argued against by producers with claims to the
           | effect of "if it doesn't make a big impact on screen, it's
           | not worth doing". Good luck shipping a game with this... but
           | I suppose more than a few AAA companies do count on that
           | luck.
        
       | kanisae wrote:
       | I normally only commit to "We will give an update in X
       | (minutes/hours) to make sure we understand the problem first.
       | Then start giving estimated timelines in ranges with specific
       | call outs for updates and possible changes to the timeline.
       | 
       | I've found that most management just want to be involved in the
       | process and have definite times set for updates and can handle
       | timeline changes as long as information is coming at regular
       | intervals.
        
       | rogerbinns wrote:
       | My technique is to give an estimate with error bars. Something
       | like 6 weeks plus or minus 2. That then leads into discussion as
       | to what is unknown/undefined leading to the uncertainty.
       | Sometimes the error bars are larger than the estimate because I
       | know there will be endless feature creep and UI revisions for
       | something like "analytics". And sometimes the number could be
       | negative like 6 weeks plus or minus 8. That is when the
       | functionality already exists (eg the data is already there - you
       | can already load it into Excel and a pivot table) and could be
       | sufficient.
        
         | dhosek wrote:
         | At my very first job out of college,1 the VP who led the
         | division that I was part of invited me into his office (I think
         | there was someone else from the team, but this is 34 years ago
         | so who knows) and talked about a little game he had encountered
         | about estimates. He gave us a list of 20 things to estimate
         | with 95% confidence (the only one I remember was the weight of
         | a 747), all given as a range. If we did it right, we would get
         | 19 of the 20 correct. The point was to set the range large
         | enough that you could be confident about the answer.
         | 
         | I kept that as a practice when I did freelancing work, always
         | giving my estimates as a range rather than a single number. It
         | would be nice if agile(ish) practices incorporated this in the
         | estimation process.
         | 
         | [?]
         | 
         | 1. Technically, my second job since I had a short temp job
         | doing some cataloging work at a local used bookstore between
         | leaving school and starting at that company.
        
       | avidiax wrote:
       | One trick, if you can get away with it, is to ensure that you are
       | always estimating for a fixed scope exclusive of unknown
       | unknowns.
       | 
       | You should not provide an estimate for "feature X implemented",
       | but rather for "feature X engine". If you discover additional
       | work to be done, then you need to add "existing code refactor",
       | "feature X+Y integration", etc. as discovered milestones.
       | 
       | Unfortunately, you need that nomenclature and understanding to go
       | up the chain for this to work. If someone turns your "feature X
       | engine" milestone into "feature X complete" with the same
       | estimate, you are screwed.
       | 
       | ------
       | 
       | There is a related problem that I've seen in my career:
       | leadership thinks that deadlines are "motivating".
       | 
       | These are the same people that want to heat their home to a
       | temperature of 72F, but set the thermostat to 80F "so it will do
       | it faster".
       | 
       | I was once in a leadership meeting, where the other participants
       | forgot that I, lowly engineer, was invited to this meeting.
       | Someone asked if we should accept that deadline X was very
       | unlikely to be met, and substitute a more realistic deadline. To
       | which the senior PM responded that "we never move deadlines!
       | Engineering will just take any time given to them!"
       | 
       | Engineering, in that case, gave the time back when I left that
       | team.
        
       | LeifCarrotson wrote:
       | The article is about modernization projects, which have soft
       | deadlines because ostensibly the legacy software is still running
       | while you're developing the replacement. There's always budget
       | pressure, and promises may have been made, and users may be
       | hoping for new features and eliminated frustrations... but if the
       | replacement is a day late, it really wouldn't matter much.
       | 
       | Conversely, if you're trying to launch a space probe and the
       | planets are no longer in the right positions for the required
       | gravity assist, your spacecraft will not get where it needs to
       | go. Or if you're a little $100M/yr toolmaker, and Ford asks you
       | for a die for the 2026 F150 production line, to be delivered by
       | March, and the contract states you owe a $20,000 per MINUTE
       | penalty if you're late...you don't wait until February to say
       | something surprising happened and it's not going to be ready. You
       | don't sign on that dotted line unless you know for certain that
       | you can do it.
       | 
       | Ford or NASA won't bat an eye when you tell them that a quote is
       | going to cost $XX,XXX. They won't be surprised when they give you
       | an ECO and you say that it's going to take 3 weeks and $8,000 to
       | deliver a part that everyone knows you can probably make by hand
       | in 30 minutes, they know that you're hedging against those
       | deadlines, and pricing in the acceptance phase and inspection
       | phase and contingency plans and everything else that makes their
       | deadline-heavy industry function.
       | 
       | But if you tell someone at OP's modernization group that due to
       | incomplete information you think that the 30-minute task to
       | change the text of that button will take "no more than 3 weeks
       | and $8,000" they'll laugh you out the door. Optimistic estimates
       | get rewarded, pessimistic estimates get discouraged, accurate
       | estimates are irrelevant, and in the end you're constantly behind
       | schedule and no one's really surprised.
        
       | tartoran wrote:
       | Not only that, in the name of efficiency where I work estimates
       | are actively being pushed down and no spillovers are allowed.
       | I've been in crunch like mode for over a year with no
       | recuperation at all. I kept on hoping it will get better but it
       | seems it's getting worse. On top of it we're all rotated to
       | different areas of the product all the time with no recourse.
       | Though I'm still running along I feel absolutely spent
       | mentally...
        
       | tyingq wrote:
       | _" Can you imagine if the insurance company started arguing with
       | the repair shop, asking them--no--telling them that they would
       | only pay the $18,000 and not the additional $20,000 because that
       | was the original estimate? Does that sound ridiculous to you? It
       | does to me, too. Thank heavens, reality does not operate like
       | this."_
       | 
       | That happens all the time with insurance. I'm surprised at the
       | confident tone in _" reality does not operate like this"_. Not
       | just car/home insurance either...health insurance also. They do
       | often negotiate to a reasonable place, but not always.
        
       | kelseyfrog wrote:
       | > Can you imagine if the insurance company started arguing with
       | the repair shop, asking them--no--telling them that they would
       | only pay the $18,000 and not the additional $20,000 because that
       | was the original estimate?
       | 
       | Well yeah, because there's not an inherent power imbalance like
       | there is in employment.
       | 
       | Part of this imbalance results in the ability for managers to
       | employ Taylorization upon their directs. The majority of the time
       | Taylorization hinders workers but management loves it because
       | they can have more control in outcomes. What ends up happening
       | though, is that an shadow work plan ends up getting established
       | that management has less control over unless they want to drive
       | out top talent by employing technocratic solutions to social
       | problems.
        
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