[HN Gopher] Teach yourself to echolocate (2018)
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       Teach yourself to echolocate (2018)
        
       Author : Anon84
       Score  : 220 points
       Date   : 2024-11-16 22:43 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.atlasobscura.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.atlasobscura.com)
        
       | Centigonal wrote:
       | relevant video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PD3Y1l8XyUw
       | 
       | It appears that the hardest part of echolocation for humans is
       | the "produce a directed, crisp click" part. The "process the
       | sound" part is readily handled by our brains with a relatively
       | mild learning curve.
        
       | browningstreet wrote:
       | E- chocolate
       | 
       | E- chocolate
       | 
       | Don't get it.
       | 
       | Oh..!
        
         | Sn0wCoder wrote:
         | LOL, I passed by the article a few times reading the same
         | thing. When I finally clicked in thinking it was something to
         | do with the windows package manager. Something about the
         | capital E. As soon as it was spelled with the little e, it
         | clicked.
        
         | mrblampo wrote:
         | Yep same. "Teach yourself to eat chocolate."
        
           | acosmism wrote:
           | had a french voice in my head going "teache yourself to eatee
           | chocolate"
        
       | patja wrote:
       | There is a wonderful book about the blind man who was probably
       | one of the earliest innovators in using a cane for echolocation.
       | "A Sense of the World" by Jason Roberts is the story of James
       | Holman, who traveled the world in the early 19th century despite
       | being blind, often being in a great deal of pain, and having
       | limited mobility.
        
         | hackernewds wrote:
         | Wow it just struck me that the cane is for echolocation and not
         | just obstacles. I did learn that the blind have keenly adjusted
         | hearing.
        
           | fao_ wrote:
           | Blind people _can_ use a cane for echolocation, but it 's not
           | necessarily reliable (especially in a busy city), and to be
           | honest I'm hard-pressed thinking of any blind people I know
           | that actually know how to do that.
        
             | high_priest wrote:
             | They are probably constantly aware of surfaces the cane is
             | bouncing off & use it as a redundant confirmation of what
             | they "see" by touch
        
             | lynx23 wrote:
             | Wha? Well, there are blind people who barely know how to
             | use their cane, but... Let me explain.
             | 
             | Manfred Spitzer once wrote that he thinks there are two
             | groups of people on this planet who really have good audio
             | location capabilities. Blind people and conductors.
             | Conductors because they need to be able to listen to a
             | particular performer, to isolate them from the rest of the
             | orchester. And blind people, because we use the ear to
             | navigate the world.
             | 
             | Now, I actually use everything around me as a source of
             | sound. Tapping with the cane is one of them. However, if I
             | want to "scan" my environment, I usually make a clicking
             | noise with my tongue.
             | 
             | But those are the a small part of the game. The rest of the
             | noises I use come from outside. Just a small example,
             | before I loose myself in thsi comment: I can hear poles and
             | trees on the sidewalk. Not because they emit so much sound,
             | but because they eat it up. If a car drives behind the pole
             | along the street, I can actually hear the point where the
             | external sound doesn't reach me, infering that there must
             | be a pole or a tree. Echo location is not always about what
             | you send. Its m6ore about you learning how the sound waves
             | around you behave. Sometimes, but this is getting
             | borderline esoteric, I can hear the materials involved.
             | Walking towards a wooden wall sounds destinctly different
             | from walking towards a concrete wall...
        
               | karl-j wrote:
               | Fascinating. That's a lot like Passive Coherent Location
               | (PCL), if normal echolocation is like radar.
        
           | vasco wrote:
           | For most it's not, echolocation is not widely taught.
        
       | hypertexthero wrote:
       | Maybe only distantly related to this, but thought it worth
       | sharing that when I visited Seattle for the first time this year
       | I caught a show by a band called La Cerca at Central Saloon and
       | loved their song "Echolocation", with ethereal sounding guitars,
       | including the bass: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1NYeqA2Kve8
        
       | pkoird wrote:
       | Here's an idea, use a (portable) ultrasound emitter device that
       | sends a pulse every set second and use an earpiece receiver that
       | produces equivalent acoustics in audible range. The setup may
       | reduce "tongue-fatigue' and the ultrasound will travel farther
       | and can reflect off smaller objects. Would be an interesting
       | experiment if nothing else.
        
         | bezmiran wrote:
         | I suspect it would be a very challenging problem for the
         | earpiece part to recreate the directional info as well as our
         | own ears, since the brain's ability to detect the direction of
         | sounds depends on the shape of the ear itself.
         | 
         | Maybe a simple mechanical clicker device like those used for
         | dog training could be a useful tool.
        
           | zafka wrote:
           | I have one of these - purpose built for blind people to use.
           | Pretty sure I picked it up at a NFB convention in Atlanta
           | around the turn of the century. (NFB = National Federation of
           | the blind)
        
             | mmooss wrote:
             | How well does it work?
        
               | zafka wrote:
               | I will get back to you on that. I just found it in my
               | desk. I myself am sighted, and have never used it for
               | echo location - yet. Looking at it I realized that it was
               | given out by my old employer: Blazie engineering.
               | Coincidentally, I just ran into the founder recently.
               | Next time I see him, I will ask him about the feedback he
               | got on these clickers. I will say that after twenty years
               | in a drawer it sounds good to my uneducated ears.
        
           | laborcontract wrote:
           | Seems like a fun use case for spatial audio on the airpods.
        
           | gniv wrote:
           | If the wavelengths are not far from audible, wouldn't it be
           | mostly a translation?
        
         | usgroup wrote:
         | See here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PD3Y1l8XyUw
         | 
         | Another route would be to mix the ultrasound with another sound
         | closer to the ear, then there is no need for an electronic ear
         | at any point. The interference between sound can cause the
         | inaudible frequencies to become audible.
        
           | usgroup wrote:
           | Just on this topic, would it be possible to make a whistle to
           | do the same thing? I.e. crafted so it emits both ultrasound,
           | and the audible counterpart which interferes with it to make
           | the return audible?
           | 
           | Perhaps it could be such that the ultrasound warbles whilst
           | interfering sound does not (or vice versa), which would make
           | the sources easier to distinguish also.
        
       | dataviz1000 wrote:
       | Meanwhile, after reading this article, I have my face one inch
       | from a wall making clicks to see if I can hear the echo.
       | Hopefully, nobody sees, or hears, me.
        
         | mmooss wrote:
         | We understand you. <3
        
       | mmooss wrote:
       | I don't have much sense of the reasonably expected or maximium
       | performance of this ability. They give a few sensational
       | demonstrations, but how accurate is it (as in complete, correct,
       | and consistent)? How fast? In what environments? How granular? Is
       | it practical for everyday use?
       | 
       | For some interesting context, here is a description of dolphin
       | echolocation:
       | 
       | https://www.britannica.com/animal/cetacean/
       | 
       |  _" The amount of information obtained by an echolocating dolphin
       | is similar to that obtained with the eyes of a sighted human. ...
       | 
       | Toothed whales use extremely high frequencies, on the order of
       | 150 kilohertz, for refining spatial resolution from their echoes.
       | They are capable of "seeing" into and through most soft objects
       | such as other dolphins, though the effectiveness of toothed whale
       | echolocation drops off at distances greater than about 100
       | metres."_
       | 
       | Maybe with enough practice ...
        
         | hackernewds wrote:
         | Sounds travels very differently in terms of velocity scatter
         | etc in water though. If somehow dolphins were capable, they
         | would not nearly have the same echolocation capability on land
        
       | deegles wrote:
       | I have tinnitus and can't hear much in a range around 4.5khz... I
       | wonder if this would still work for me
        
       | amatecha wrote:
       | I noticed when I was younger that I can "hear" when I'm near a
       | wall, or just generally get a sense of the size of space I'm in
       | solely via sound, but it never occurred to me to make a "ping" to
       | sense the resulting sound reflections! Super interesting - I will
       | have to try this. Probably my prior spatial sense from hearing
       | was based on really subtle background noise of either my own
       | footsteps or just environmental sounds reflecting around, I
       | guess? I always felt like I am "hearing the room I'm in" but
       | never quite knew how else to describe the sensation, but knowing
       | people quite literally make a clicking noise to echolocate
       | suddenly makes it much more clear!
        
         | jcims wrote:
         | Comb filtering
         | (https://youtu.be/Amj4UevyRfU?si=5pwjHKwAw6bdmG2x) plays a role
         | in this.
         | 
         | I was listening to a podcast and realized I could hear the
         | speaker turning pages under the microphone by the way it
         | affected their voice in the microphone rather than the rustle
         | of the page. It was pretty wild. I could 'see' it before i
         | recognized what was going on.
        
           | rcMgD2BwE72F wrote:
           | Thanks for the video, I wouldn't have guessed it shows well
           | on a video.
           | 
           | Kinda off topic but I'm on a brand new phone (not logged in
           | and no history) and the next video suggested by YouTube is a
           | French fascist promoting (actual) nazis policies. Why would
           | YouTube do that?! It has absolutely zero connection with
           | audio topics. I just have my OS language set to French.
           | That's so worrying for the youth with being exposed to pure
           | hate for no reason.
        
             | Groxx wrote:
             | Because it makes Google money.
        
         | at_a_remove wrote:
         | I did that, too, but I took it a bit further, possibly as a
         | product of not having vision for about a year as a toddler,
         | other than "light" and "dark."
        
       | almd wrote:
       | This is often used by audio mixing engineers and taught in a
       | roundabout way at schools and studios. We think a lot about where
       | thins "sit" in the mix. Proximity wise, and even height wise in a
       | stereo mix. Eventually you learn how to locate things in
       | headphones and it's a really weird sensation when you realize you
       | can do it. The kicker is we start out by simulating real
       | environments in mixes, but then end up having to simulate what
       | people expect from the medium as opposed to real life. For
       | example something I learned doing video audio, if someone is
       | writing something on a train, viewers expect to hear the pen on
       | paper. But irl, there's not a chance it's audible. Explosions are
       | always distorted because microphones end up clipping due to the
       | volume, etc.
       | 
       | A great book on spatial simulation is The Art of Mixing by David
       | Gibson. Older but forever relevant
        
         | hackernewds wrote:
         | You went on quite many topics there. Could you expand on the
         | proximity and height? Fascinating
         | 
         | The closest analogue I can think of is how due to practice now
         | anyone can close their eyes and imagine typing entire essays
         | how they know exactly where the keys are. Try it.
        
           | high_priest wrote:
           | I have played alot of videogames & at some point identified,
           | how can I guess, the source of sounds. Guess, because it's
           | nowhere near actual approximation. Most often, source is
           | guessed by context. E.g. The door knocking sound illusion,
           | which was used to troll streamers.
           | 
           | Then you have directional localisation based on delay between
           | ears, difference in volume & properties of reverberations.
           | Things to the sides are going to arrive in either ear at
           | different moment. Add source if first echo & you have
           | confirmation that a sound is coming from either right or
           | left. The more directly to the side is the sound, the bigger
           | the delay between ears is, so you get approximate angle.
           | 
           | Now we consider sound muffling, caused by shape of our head &
           | ears. Things in front are going to sound clearer in the
           | opposite ear, than sounds from the back.
           | 
           | The same principle is used for detection of height. Things
           | below are going to get muffled, things above will be clearer.
           | In reality, feeling sounds with the whole body helps in
           | source localisation, which can't be emulated with headphones.
        
             | sandworm101 wrote:
             | Ive seen a BBC doc that tested this. They had people use
             | putty to change the shape of thier ears, resulting in an
             | inability to judge the height of a sound. Given how
             | differently-shaped ears are, as opposed to the inner
             | structures which are virtually identical, this result
             | points towards a learned skill rather than something
             | genetic. We each must learn how our paticular ear shapes
             | modify sound.
        
             | dnh44 wrote:
             | I once lived in a shared 4 story house and I always
             | intuitively knew where everyone in the house was, even if
             | they weren't being loud. You could just tell where everyone
             | was based on how the house creaked in response to
             | footsteps. We had someone new move in once who walked very
             | quietly and it made me feel slightly uneasy because they
             | were sort of invisible to my hearing.
        
           | JoeyJoJoJr wrote:
           | There is a video for the art of mixing. It is indeed
           | fascinating.
           | 
           | https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=TEjOdqZFvhY
        
         | vasco wrote:
         | > For example something I learned doing video audio, if someone
         | is writing something on a train, viewers expect to hear the pen
         | on paper
         | 
         | Just yesterday was watching Territory season 1 where the
         | characters have an intense suspenseful, almost whispering
         | "serious voice" conversation while standing next to a running
         | helicopter, without even raising their voices which took me out
         | of the scene.
         | 
         | So the question is, do viewers want it, or do know it all
         | producers say people do and put it in?
        
           | Moru wrote:
           | When they say viewers want it, they mean just about 90% won't
           | notice. Most people haven't been close enough to a running
           | helicopter to understand.
           | 
           | I'm having problems watching movies at all, there is so many
           | things breaking my immersion. :-)
        
             | kibwen wrote:
             | _> When they say viewers want it, they mean just about 90%
             | won 't notice._
             | 
             | Even more than that, they _will_ notice if you don 't it
             | the "wrong" way that they've come to expect. This is called
             | The Coconut Effect: https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/
             | Main/TheCoconutEffect
        
               | Moru wrote:
               | Ah, had no idea it had a name!
               | 
               | My clearest memory of that was me as a kid watching a
               | Bond-movie where a sportscar makes a screaching sound
               | when driving down a sandy beach. I turned of the TV and
               | don't think I ever saw a full Bond movie after that.
               | 
               | The list on the page you linked had one thing that isn't
               | toally correct though:
               | 
               | >The very specific (but entirely unrealistic) echoing
               | thud that is heard when all the lights are turned on in a
               | large spacenote .
               | 
               | That sound is realistic if it is an old building with the
               | heavy type of power relays or whatever they are called.
               | They do make that sort of sound if the acoustics are
               | right. They could be set up with timers so they don't
               | start the lights at exactly the same moment to prevent
               | overloading the fuses.
        
         | romwell wrote:
         | That's not at all what echolocation is. What you describe is
         | locating the _source of sound_ using binaural hearing (similar
         | to how we can gauge distances using stereoscopic vision).
         | 
         | Echolocation is finding out distance to _objects_ (not sound
         | sources!) by _sending_ a sound wave in a direction, and
         | listening for echos that bounce back. Hence _echo_ location.
         | 
         | The only sound source is _you_.
         | 
         | It's a form of _active_ sensing: literally how a submarine
         | sonar works (or radar, for that matter). Bats do it, too.
         | 
         | This has very little to do with "locating things in
         | headphones", as that is entirely missing the _active_ part in
         | the first place.
         | 
         | Then, locating sound sources using binaural hearing is not the
         | same as analyzing the scattered echoes when the sound source is
         | _you_ (relative to yourself, you know where you are already!).
         | 
         | It's interesting that this is currently the top comment. I
         | wonder how many people read the article before engaging in this
         | discussion.
        
           | planewave wrote:
           | This comment captures a lot of important detail about
           | echolocation.
        
           | yazzku wrote:
           | > literally how a submarine sonar works
           | 
           | And dolphins and whales, no need to go to submarines.
        
             | jacobolus wrote:
             | Interestingly, it took until after the invention of SONAR
             | for the theory that bats navigate by echolocation to be
             | accepted. The theory that bats use hearing for spatial
             | awareness was first proposed in the late 18th century, with
             | experimental evidence, but was rejected by the scientific
             | establishment for more than a century. People didn't know
             | marine mammals used echolocation until the 1950s.
        
             | nineteen999 wrote:
             | This is great, now we are going to have a bunch of autistic
             | developers walking around the office clicking like dolphins
             | while we're trying to concentrate on work. When we ask them
             | politely to stop whilst in our vicinity we'll be screamed
             | at as being "ableist" for preventing their triangulation of
             | the location of the coffee machine. Great for everyone's
             | work productivity.
             | 
             | Thank goodness for 100% WFH.
        
         | bestouff wrote:
         | I think what you mean is that all your examples don't work when
         | recorded. But a human being in a train may hear the pen on the
         | paper.
        
       | sorwin wrote:
       | I'm curious if people with aphantasia would also be able to
       | create a "mind map" of the area around them
        
       | Eduard wrote:
       | it's somewhere between silly and mischievous that AtlasObscura
       | provides cute visual drawings yet fails to provide acoustic
       | examples.
        
       | schoen wrote:
       | (2018)
        
       | djtango wrote:
       | I'm so glad this is surfacing. I remember reading about the
       | skepticism scientists had about this only for them to be finally
       | proven wrong.
       | 
       | My anecdotal experience is that we are so out of touch with our
       | bodies these days that we routinely underestimate just how
       | adaptable we truly are if we have the will or need to learn. So I
       | get frustrated when very useful things like echolocation are
       | suppressed by ignorant and cynical scientists who are unaware of
       | their blind sides because they think they studied hard and read a
       | bunch of papers.
       | 
       | Our realities are shaped by our own experiences but what is sad
       | is when people then shape other people's realities based on their
       | own skewed realities.
       | 
       | I'm glad that the internet is so good at spreading disparate,
       | niche and folky knowledge and forcing scientists to reconsider
       | their priors more often.
        
         | dotancohen wrote:
         | Why am I seeing so many comments disparaging "lofty elite
         | scientists" lately? Every scientist I know is a very curious
         | person, more willing than most to listen to the most outlandish
         | ideas people come up with.
        
       | eschneider wrote:
       | This is really interesting. As someone who's been gradually
       | losing his vision, I've noticed some of this stuff on my own, but
       | it's nice to see a good writeup so one doesn't have to figure out
       | everything from first principles.
       | 
       | Just one more thing to add to my bag of tricks.
        
       | lazycrazyowl wrote:
       | I initially misread it as "Treat yourself to a chocolate"
        
         | eddd-ddde wrote:
         | I misread as "Teach yourself to e-chocolate" and was even more
         | confused.
        
       | gnarlouse wrote:
       | Teach yourself to echocolate
        
       | croisillon wrote:
       | Related:
       | 
       | - Humans Can Learn to Echolocate (Livescience, 2015)
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10699105
       | 
       | - How humans echolocate 'like bats' (BBC, 2018)
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16782557
       | 
       | - Humans Can Learn How to 'Echolocate' in 10 Weeks, Experiment
       | Shows (Sciencealert, 2021)
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27404132
       | 
       | - Teach yourself to echolocate - 106 comments
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=18208334
        
       | koinedad wrote:
       | I'm wondering if we use it more than we think. When I have my
       | headphones in with noise cancelling on I'm more inclined to bump
       | something in my house I normally wouldn't or misjudge a distance
       | etc. Pretty crazy to think about forming a subconscious, audio-
       | based world
        
       | alentred wrote:
       | A few years ago, I was a frequent visitor to a public swimming
       | pool, same day, same time. Apparently with similar swimming
       | habits, there was an elderly person who was humming all the time.
       | In the pool, in the shower, in the lobby, rather loud but not too
       | much. I initially attributed it to elderly quirkiness. It was
       | only after several encounters that I realized he was blind. The
       | point is, I only figured that out when I saw him with a white
       | cane outside, not at all by the way he moved inside or used the
       | objects - he was navigating the space just like anyone else, and
       | it was a rather crowded place. That was the day I learned that
       | echolocation in humans is a thing.
        
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       (page generated 2024-11-17 23:02 UTC)