[HN Gopher] Biological Miracle - Wood Frog
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       Biological Miracle - Wood Frog
        
       Author : thunderbong
       Score  : 191 points
       Date   : 2024-11-15 18:16 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nps.gov)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nps.gov)
        
       | pwdiscflatmajor wrote:
       | I now know why I require so much sugar and sweets: I am a wood
       | frog preparing for hibernation!
        
       | sudobash1 wrote:
       | There are no pictures of the frogs in this article. For pictures
       | (of thawed and frozen frogs) you can see:
       | https://shakerlakes.org/frozen-frogs/
        
         | olejorgenb wrote:
         | From the linked video: timelapse of the thawing process:
         | https://youtu.be/pLPeehsXAr4?t=176
        
         | chasil wrote:
         | They also have a wiki, but not many photos. One photo is from
         | Quebec.
         | 
         | The wiki also mentions that urea is produced, in addition to
         | glucose, and both act as cryoprotectants.
         | 
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wood_frog
        
         | nuancebydefault wrote:
         | Looks like a normal (frozen) frog to me
        
       | moralestapia wrote:
       | Fascinating phenomena, thanks a lot for sharing!
        
       | metalman wrote:
       | cant even call that hibernation. There are other knock on
       | advantages to bieng frozen solid, it would slow down and even
       | kill a lot of infectious microbes.It may convey a certain life
       | extension benifit. And threre is not much behavioral adaptation
       | needed,frog gets chilly, snuggles under a leaf,freezes solid,
       | gets defrosted 8 months later and wakes up hungry and horny, not
       | bad.
        
         | duskwuff wrote:
         | > it would slow down and even kill a lot of infectious microbes
         | 
         | I wouldn't count on it killing them. The cryoprotectants in the
         | frog's body don't discriminate; they'll protect foreign
         | bacteria just as well as the frog's cells.
        
           | metalman wrote:
           | I should of elaborated, many of the issues associated
           | with,"conventional hibernation" have to do with lethal
           | infections aquired externaly while hibernating, damp, cold,
           | ....mold as to the cryoprotectants ,side protecting microbes,
           | clearly gut microbes and other internal flora ,would
           | benifit......but ,big but, would a sneeky cryosuspension
           | routine also include a freeze and clense cycle?, why not! and
           | easy enough to verify,right!
        
         | flir wrote:
         | > It may convey a certain life extension benefit.
         | 
         | I think it would be more interesting if it _doesn 't_ affect
         | lifespan. It would be a really counter-intuitive result (to
         | me).
        
       | killjoywashere wrote:
       | Evolutionarily, amphibians are somewhat simpler than mammals,
       | they're smaller than a lot of mammals and they don't live as
       | long, so I suspect some of this is simply that "things that
       | aren't there". They wouldn't have as many problems with advanced
       | glycation end products because the temperature is so low. There's
       | at least one other ice survival strategy: antifreeze proteins.
       | The fir tree and a variety of arctic fish have these:
       | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6691018/.
       | 
       | In all cases, I still don't understand how the membrane
       | potentials are maintained or re-constructed in the thawing phase:
       | any pointers?
        
         | monkeycantype wrote:
         | Perhaps because ice forms outside cells, freezing ions in
         | place. Even if there was a very small area around ion channels
         | that was liquid that equalized all ion concentrations with the
         | cell, when the extra cellular fluid thaws the original
         | concentrations would be pretty much restored
        
       | pkoird wrote:
       | Curious to how long the frozen structure can "survive". I wonder
       | if it's a good idea to freeze one such frog and thaw it centuries
       | later (an amphibian time-traveler!)
        
         | olejorgenb wrote:
         | - Artificial experiment [1]: no longer than 3 months (but see
         | disclaimer)
         | 
         | - New study [2]: 7 months (with 100% survival rate)
         | 
         | So further study seems to be needed.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article/216/18/3461/1160...
         | 
         | [2]
         | https://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article/217/12/2193/1211...
        
       | megiddo wrote:
       | Not one photo of said frog.
       | 
       | Look, new rule: you write an article about frogs, you include a
       | photo.
        
         | jjcm wrote:
         | here's an illustration of one:
         | https://image.non.io/e9078e7d-5eb4-4787-9fe2-d7068d01a4df.we...
        
           | daredoes wrote:
           | this was really helpful! thanks!
        
         | sgt wrote:
         | But the article explains perfectly how they look like. White
         | eyes, glucose filled cells, frozen solid as a rock. Bang it
         | against a table, it's definitely frozen. Throw it back
         | underneath those leaves.
        
         | speerer wrote:
         | Like the Tree Octopus?
        
       | soco wrote:
       | I really expected a wood(en) frog here, qualifying truly as a
       | biological miracle. But the wood frogs are cool as well.
        
         | furyofantares wrote:
         | Oh god. This made me wonder, what _is_ wood, anyway? And I 've
         | just come away much more confused.
         | 
         | Bamboo is a grass and doesn't come from a tree. Palm wood comes
         | from palm trees, except palm tree trunks are apparently a
         | totally different type of structure than other tree trunks,
         | sounds closer to Papyrus. No growth rings, a fiber type
         | structure. Is Papyrus wood?
         | 
         | Any plant matter above a certain density? I don't think that's
         | it. Corn stalks aren't wood.
         | 
         | Man, I don't know. I am certain that it must be plant matter
         | though, so yes, a wooden frog would be a biological miracle.
        
           | yial wrote:
           | Wood is secondary xylem produced by growth from the vascular
           | Cambium. (Sometimes? I think the issue is that there's more
           | than one definition of wood depending on context ...?).
           | Growth rings?
           | 
           | But palm trees aren't truly trees, right ? Just called
           | trees.... They're more of a tree like shrub? I think.
        
             | furyofantares wrote:
             | Trying to learn about this through claude was kinda funny.
             | 
             | Ask it to tell me about wood that doesn't come from trees,
             | and it tells me about palm wood. I say, but doesn't that
             | come from palm trees? It says palm trees aren't technically
             | trees because their trunk isn't wooden.
             | 
             | Anyway, with your definition palm wood wouldn't be wood,
             | and neither would bamboo. Feels like the vegetable/fruit
             | thing though, there just isn't a perfect answer.
        
           | mawise wrote:
           | It's worse than that. _Tree_ isn't even a well-defined thing.
           | 
           | > Trees are not a monophyletic taxonomic group but consist of
           | a wide variety of plant species that have independently
           | evolved a trunk and branches as a way to tower above other
           | plants to compete for sunlight.[1]
           | 
           | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree
        
       | the_arun wrote:
       | Nicely written article. A few pictures could have made it more
       | interesting.
        
       | epicureanideal wrote:
       | Someone tell Alcor about this.
        
       | dexwiz wrote:
       | Wood frogs only live 3-5 years, so they probably only go through
       | a max of 5 of these cycles. I wonder how much cellular damage
       | they accumulate during these cycles that they can tolerate due to
       | short lifespans. They also have ~10,000x less neurons than a
       | mammal.
       | 
       | Even if you had the biochemistry that was able to do this, how
       | many cycles could a higher life form tolerate this, assuming it
       | would even work? Complex life seems to sacrifice some resiliency,
       | such as the ability to regrow limbs. Amphibians already seem to
       | be particularly adept at regeneration.
        
         | e44858 wrote:
         | "frogs don't freeze once and stay frozen. Instead, they spend a
         | week or two freezing at night and thawing during the day until
         | the temperatures drop permanently below freezing"
         | 
         | https://shakerlakes.org/frozen-frogs/
        
           | MPSimmons wrote:
           | like maple syrup...
        
       | croisillon wrote:
       | reminds me of the New Avengers episode "the eagle's nest"
       | https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0659325/
        
       | redundantly wrote:
       | > ...the wood frog's liver produces large amounts of glucose that
       | flushes into every cell in its body. This syrupy sugar solution
       | prevents the cells from freezing...
       | 
       | All natural, no preservatives added, sweetened frog popsicles!
       | Yummy!
        
       | olddustytrail wrote:
       | Ok, this is what you really wanted:
       | https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p091w1b3
        
       | imglorp wrote:
       | Aquatic turtles have another brumination (hibernation) strategy.
       | Since they breathe air, yet may get trapped under the ice for
       | months at at time, they lower their metabolism plus have
       | adaptations such as scavenging some oxygen from the water via
       | rectal tissues as well as other chemical activity involving
       | glucose and calcium.
       | 
       | https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/the-secret-to-turtle-hi...
       | 
       | https://wildlifeinwinter.com/painted-turtle
       | 
       | I have one at home in constant warm water, yet she can see the
       | sky and decides to bruminate on her own: every year around this
       | time, she starts napping in her under water hide for days or
       | weeks at a time.
        
         | card_zero wrote:
         | That's a word I don't know (and neither do you): brumation,
         | invented in 1965.
         | 
         | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/brumation
         | 
         | The verb ought to be _brumate._ But I guess the desire to pull
         | it into line with _hibernation_ is strong, this happens with
         | lots of words. (Or was the influence from  "rumination"?)
        
         | Loughla wrote:
         | Our tortoise, even though he's in a very comfortable climate
         | controlled indoor pen, tries to dig a hole every year to do the
         | same.
         | 
         | He's not very smart but he tries hard.
        
       | zardo wrote:
       | How are they thawing from the inside out?
        
       | pcthrowaway wrote:
       | Now I'm wondering all kinds of things about their brain. Are they
       | capable of forming memories, and would they retain those memories
       | after a freeze/thaw cycle?
       | 
       | Effectively they're dead when they freeze. I'm assuming there's
       | no brain activity.. Which means when they thaw they're being
       | restored to life. I wonder if any other animals experience this
        
         | card_zero wrote:
         | Reading about them, it seems they migrate in winter (like half
         | a mile uphill), but the adults always return to the same
         | breeding pond in spring, so that information is stored
         | somewhere.
        
         | userbinator wrote:
         | Hibernate and resume.
        
       | mathh wrote:
       | Could such a mechanism be used for interstellar travel ?
        
       | tantalor wrote:
       | > wood frogs spend the winter frozen
       | 
       | > syrupy sugar solution prevents the cells from freezing
       | 
       | So they don't freeze. This is click bait.
        
         | GavinMcG wrote:
         | Why does it only count if the cells themselves freeze? Also, am
         | I still allowed to play freeze tag, or do we need to rename
         | that?
        
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       (page generated 2024-11-15 23:00 UTC)