[HN Gopher] Somebody moved UK's oldest satellite
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       Somebody moved UK's oldest satellite
        
       Author : mindracer
       Score  : 60 points
       Date   : 2024-11-09 11:33 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bbc.co.uk)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bbc.co.uk)
        
       | belter wrote:
       | Brexit...
        
       | adrian_b wrote:
       | TLDR:
       | 
       | While the title says that it is not known who has moved an
       | abandoned UK satellite used for military telecommunications, the
       | article very strongly implies that it was someone from USA, who
       | does not want to acknowledge this.
       | 
       | The satellite had been built by USA and initially operated also
       | by USA, before being handed down to the UK, so they had the
       | capabilities to control it at any time.
        
         | Yeul wrote:
         | UKs nuclear deterrence is built by the USA.
         | 
         | It is a testament to deGaulle's genius that he never fell into
         | that trap.
        
           | dmix wrote:
           | The UK not having to build their own SLBM is probably a good
           | thing given the current state of their military procurement.
           | At least from all the bad stories I've heard via the news.
           | Just one less thing they have to worry about so they can
           | focus on other stuff.
        
             | exe34 wrote:
             | maybe the warheads would have fitted on the rockets the
             | first time...
             | 
             | (1m10: https://youtu.be/IKQlQlQ6_pk?si=FGnFRJISuTgujgMa)
        
         | rhplus wrote:
         | Its current position above Central America would certainly have
         | been useful to the US in the mid 1970s when it apparently
         | moved, perhaps more useful than it would have been to the UK
         | over post-colonial East Africa.
        
       | euroderf wrote:
       | If satellite warfare will be like chess, this could be a
       | preparatory move.
        
         | sparky_z wrote:
         | Man, whoever did it back in the 70s must have been really
         | forward thinking.
        
           | euroderf wrote:
           | Supra et Ultra!
        
       | rep_lodsb wrote:
       | This didn't happen recently. From the article:
       | 
       | >Almost certainly, it was commanded to fire its thrusters in the
       | mid-1970s to take it westwards.
        
       | perihelions wrote:
       | - _" We need to avoid what I call super-spreader events. When
       | these things explode or something collides with them, it
       | generates thousands of pieces of debris that then become a hazard
       | to something else that we care about."_
       | 
       | There was one of these just a couple weeks ago (and that was not
       | the first),
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41904346 ( _" Intelsat 33e
       | breaks up in geostationary orbit"_)
        
         | Iulioh wrote:
         | ....is this really a problem in a geostationary orbit?
        
           | WJW wrote:
           | Yes, because of the
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kessler_syndrome
        
       | retrac wrote:
       | There was remarkably little in the way of security for early
       | satellites (or space probes).
       | 
       | I recently encountered here on HN the suggestion that, the main
       | reason you can't find particularly in-depth details on the
       | Voyager space probes, is project security. Security through
       | obscurity, mostly. If amateurs can detect the signal from the
       | Voyager probes with a small dish antenna, it's at least
       | conceivable someone might hook up a really powerful transmitter,
       | aim it in the probe's direction, and start issuing commands.
       | There's no cryptography, of course. The resources required to
       | hijack like that in the 1970s would have been much greater, and I
       | doubt being hacked was much on the designer's minds.
       | 
       | The Apollo Program was the same; today anyone with the
       | documentation, a small dish antenna, a software radio, and some
       | nerd dedication, would be able to hack Apollo midflight via its
       | radio link. It was the equivalent of a root prompt with no
       | password on an exposed port.
       | 
       | A bit closer to home, there's a tremendous amount of semi-
       | functional orbital junk with a similar lack of security, decades-
       | old computers still waiting for telecommands.
        
         | garaetjjte wrote:
         | Voyagers are so far away that possibility of owning necessary
         | antenna is probably limited to nation-states or mad
         | billionaires. Also DSN-sized antenna is not exactly easy to
         | hide. If you are hell-bent on breaking Voyager and have such
         | resources I think you could acquire necessary information
         | anyway (I guess you could get uplink data for reverse-engineer
         | framing format by standing near DSN antenna with SDR?).
         | 
         | >would be able to hack Apollo midflight via its radio link. It
         | was the equivalent of a root prompt with no password on an
         | exposed port.
         | 
         | Indeed, but in that case it would be port opened with a switch:
         | https://youtu.be/2Jt0PsxLM7k?t=1732
        
         | PittleyDunkin wrote:
         | > There was remarkably little in the way of security for early
         | satellites (or space probes).
         | 
         | Compared to what? What was (or is) worth securing? From what?
         | Talking about security in abstract is nonsensical
        
           | atoav wrote:
           | You are aware of the historical fact that there was a cold
           | war when these things were designed?
        
             | PittleyDunkin wrote:
             | Sure but that was so propaganda heavy nothing can be
             | trusted from that era. What do people actually think today
             | and why? Surely we live in such a free society now people
             | are actually free to explain their viewpoints and
             | reasoning.
             | 
             | Besides, invoking the cold war explains little (aside from
             | invoking the propaganda of the time). The soviets live-
             | streamed the moon landing. The idea that they were
             | necessarily antagonistic is simply inaccurate. Not to
             | mention what they would gain from fucking with satellites
             | remains unexplained.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _what they would gain from fucking with satellites
               | remains unexplained_
               | 
               | You don't see what America might have gained if it could
               | de-orbit the USSR's early-warning satellites at will?
        
           | ben_w wrote:
           | The early stuff was spy satellites, weather satellites, and
           | communication satellites.
           | 
           | The earliest active communication satellites -- e.g. Telstar
           | 1 -- was done with "take signal in from vaguely the right
           | direction, amplify with pure circuitry, rebroadcast in
           | vaguely the right direction", no encryption possible on the
           | satellite itself, and the thing itself was so primitive it
           | was spin-stabilised rather than having an actively maintained
           | orientation.
           | 
           | Weather satellites won't have mattered too much. Spy
           | satellites I'm not sure about (what with this stuff being
           | somewhat secretive and all), but they're obviously a thing
           | where security matters.
        
         | cfraenkel wrote:
         | Define early. And it does not include this vehicle. I can't
         | personally speak for Skynet 1A, but the DSCS II satellites,
         | first launched in 1971 (so developed at roughly the same time),
         | most definitely had an encrypted command uplink.
        
         | Denvercoder9 wrote:
         | > If amateurs can detect the signal from the Voyager probes
         | with a small dish antenna
         | 
         | They can't, at least not for any reasonable definition of
         | small. As I'm writing this, NASA is listening to Voyager using
         | the DSS-14 antenna of the Deep Space Network, a dish with a 70
         | meter diameter, and the signal it receives is 10^-19 Watt.
         | That's only 15000 photons per second. Coincidentally the area
         | of that 70 meter dish is also roughly 15000 m^2, so a small
         | dish of 1 m^2 will catch roughly 1 photon per second. Given
         | that the datarate is 40 bits/second, it's physically plain
         | impossible to receive the signal with a small dish.
         | 
         | Voyager's security is that it's really far away and you need a
         | big, expensive dish to talk with it.
        
         | OJFord wrote:
         | It hasn't been suddenly moved in 2024 and nobody knows why, it
         | was left in an inconvenient place (now) decades ago and there's
         | no (found) record of who/why.
        
       | readyplayernull wrote:
       | Was the command a wow-signal from a random source?
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wow!_signal
        
       | Luc wrote:
       | A simple malfunction is not considered in the article. Is that so
       | unlikely, e.g. a sticky relais or some-such?
        
         | cfraenkel wrote:
         | It was spin stabilized. A stuck relay would have just created
         | equal thrust all the way around the spin - ie the thrust would
         | cancel out to zero. This design required thrusters that fired
         | for very short intervals at a given delay after the earth
         | sensor saw the earth, so the thrust would line up in the
         | desired vector. In other words, no a simple malfunction cannot
         | result in an orbit change.
         | 
         | That said, it's an _assumption_ in the article that the orbit
         | change wasn 't due to the cumulative effect of the normal
         | gravitational perturbations the pull on all these vehicles.
         | You'd need to dig up what orbit it was in 40 years ago and then
         | calculate how the orbit would have drifted over those 40 yrs.
         | Good luck.
        
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       (page generated 2024-11-09 23:00 UTC)