[HN Gopher] Designing a Home Radio Telescope for 21 Cm Emission
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Designing a Home Radio Telescope for 21 Cm Emission
        
       Author : antognini
       Score  : 47 points
       Date   : 2024-11-04 18:21 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (arxiv.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (arxiv.org)
        
       | emptybits wrote:
       | Page three of the paper shows an enviable rooftop antenna farm.
       | Drool.
       | 
       | I have an ignorant question ... can home/amateur radio astronomy
       | ever produce layperson-appreciated "imagery"? Something easily
       | understood like optical astronomy can produce? e.g. stitching
       | together a sky scan for a particular emission or something?
        
         | radioguy22 wrote:
         | Yes. But nowing a bit of signal theory, hf electronics and
         | embedded is super helpful.
         | 
         | With 2 antennas you can start playing around with beam forming.
         | This will enable you to scan the sky from one position without
         | moving the antenna. Then you can map the signal strength to a
         | sky projection.
         | 
         | Have a look at the low-frequency antennas from LOFAR. They look
         | like tents for chickens. A lot of them.
         | 
         | It sounds complex and yes.. it's also a bit complex. But still
         | in the range of a project for the home lab.
        
         | RedOrGreen wrote:
         | Yes, in a way.
         | 
         | Think of a single dish radio telescope as a one-pixel camera,
         | where measuring the emission intensity at each point in the sky
         | lets you build up a map. Typically, this is done with high
         | resolution on the frequency axis, which is used to map Doppler
         | shifts for spectral lines of Hydrogen, for example [1].
         | 
         | With a rooftop antenna, it's not likely to be a very sensitive
         | map, though. You'll see the Sun, and its easy to see the Milky
         | Way transit overhead, but other than that ...
         | 
         | [1] https://sites.google.com/site/galfahi/
        
         | wbl wrote:
         | Thanks to the rotation of the earth and antenna fixed in one
         | direction sees a bunch of the sky over an evening.
        
           | spacedcowboy wrote:
           | Yep "drift scanning" :)
           | 
           | A single dish/node can't really produce photograph-like
           | imagery akin to an optical telescope, more often[1] you get
           | something like in the setileague website hits [2].
           | 
           | [1] Where by "more often" I mean "once in a blue moon".
           | 
           | [2] http://www.setileague.org/photos/hits.htm
        
       | spacedcowboy wrote:
       | I had a dish set up in London, 20 years ago (before I came out to
       | the USA). Looked like #1. The dish splits into segments, and I
       | recall driving down the M1 from Birmingham in my battered old
       | Ford Escort, with the (razor-sharp) mesh segments squeezed in and
       | wobbling right next to my jugular... Those dishes were getting
       | vanishingly hard to find in the UK, so it was worth the trip, and
       | I kept my neck intact with only minimal damage...
       | 
       | I had it all packed up when moving out to the US (because my
       | imagination told me that houses in the US were far larger than in
       | the UK). The house I ended up buying (despite having a much
       | larger back garden) didn't have the space to set it up again and
       | remain married, so two decades later, it's still in that wooden
       | case... I do, however, have an optical telescope set up (#2)
       | 
       | Back then, we didn't have easy access to SDR's, so there's a feed
       | horn, a down-converter, and I had an external (standalone)
       | WinRadio receiver to actually listen to the feed. That went into
       | an audio card on a linux box, and the waterfall display was
       | beautiful :)
       | 
       | #1: https://imgur.com/a/CDrEeII
       | 
       | #2: https://imgur.com/a/askar-130phq-scope-sb-myt-mount-26mp-
       | cam...
        
       | radioguy22 wrote:
       | The RTLSDR is a great tool. But signals really be bandpassed
       | (what the guy in the paper did) because its dynamic range is
       | limit to only 8 Bit.
        
       | mhh__ wrote:
       | The german Wurzberg radar system
       | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C3%BCrzburg_radar) was used
       | after the war to help discover the hydrogen line.
        
       | bloopernova wrote:
       | I've just started learning about radio comms. I'm using the ARRL
       | Handbook for Radio Communications 101, which is great so far.
       | 
       | My main goal is to detect the hydrogen line, or maybe some
       | distant/noisy object (can amateurs pick up pulsars?). I also want
       | to understand antennae much better, and maybe make a wire fractal
       | antenna. I have a crazy idea about making a 3D fractal antenna-
       | making bot from Lego or something! :D
       | 
       | (I'm not under any illusions about whether a fractal antenna is
       | "better" but I just like the idea of them)
        
         | radioguy22 wrote:
         | Start detecting signal reflections from airplanes.
         | 
         | With multiple synchronized receivers you can build a passive
         | radar.
         | 
         | Single reflections can easily be spotted by just staring at the
         | spectrum (Doppler).
        
           | Enginerrrd wrote:
           | I'm super into this idea as a project, can you point me to
           | any design or signal processing info?
        
             | kortilla wrote:
             | A lot of passive radar stuff is ends up export controlled
             | so open source is sparse here
        
       | hatsunearu wrote:
       | Of note is that this is a high school paper.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-11-04 23:00 UTC)