[HN Gopher] RIP botsin.space
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       RIP botsin.space
        
       Author : edent
       Score  : 197 points
       Date   : 2024-10-29 21:18 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (muffinlabs.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (muffinlabs.com)
        
       | tjwds wrote:
       | This is incredibly sad; botsin.space has been a steady stream of
       | joy for me over the years. Here's hoping a bunch of alternatives
       | pop up.
        
         | stavros wrote:
         | What was it?
        
           | acherion wrote:
           | A mastodon instance where bots were welcomed.
        
       | Kye wrote:
       | I've had lots of fun calling it bot sin space. It will be missed.
        
       | darknavi wrote:
       | Federated networks like Mastodon and Lemmy are going to get
       | people well-acquainted with websites shutting down. It's hard
       | work (time, money, etc.) to run these things for people, and
       | people start to really lean on them.
       | 
       | It's almost novel now days getting sucked into something that
       | shuts down. killedbygoogle.com is a meme partly I think because
       | websites shutting down is just so uncommon in areas that we get
       | personally invested in.
       | 
       | I run my own Lemmy instance just for my self and even that can be
       | trying sometimes. I enjoy using it instead of reddit, but one day
       | I will probably shut it down and be sad.
        
         | hifikuno wrote:
         | I, too, ran my own instance. I enjoyed it for some time but
         | I've now moved to the omg.lol ecosystem. I feel that by paying
         | a little money for it that I have a higher chance of the server
         | not shutting down.
        
           | joeross wrote:
           | +1 for omg.lol, it's a great community.
        
         | OgsyedIE wrote:
         | Besides the monetary costs of operating small fora there are
         | also significant competence hurdles. Site owners who manage to
         | hit a couple thousand users have to figure out spam handling,
         | automated content moderation (including photoDNA and the
         | required reporting if they host images), registering a DMCA
         | agent with the copyright office, setting up an LLC, assessing
         | their needs for COPPA, GDPR and CCPA, their site's tax
         | situation and anything they may want to do involving employing
         | others (such as T&S) without getting burnt out. The median size
         | for a forum getting its first subpoena is 4,300 users.
         | 
         | Managing all of that is easily learnable in a couple months if
         | they have time, disposable income and few distractions but
         | surprisingly few people who have site management thrust upon
         | them know about these things in advance. To most people who
         | think about running an internet anything the above are unknown
         | unknowns. You can't go looking for things you don't know exist,
         | so burnout is high.
        
           | kstrauser wrote:
           | Citation highly needed. I'm close to quite a few people who
           | run larger instances than that, including my own, and none of
           | them have ever told me about getting subpoenaed. That's
           | exactly the kind of war story we'd tell each other, too.
           | 
           | I've seen no evidence that running a fediverse server is
           | nearly so legally fraught.
        
             | OgsyedIE wrote:
             | I'll go looking for the citation and it may take a couple
             | hours but I'll point out that FWIW my info is drawn from
             | some academic surveying vBulletin and Xenforo site owners
             | in the 2010s so I wouldn't be surprised if they aren't
             | applicable anymore.
        
               | OgsyedIE wrote:
               | Update: My apologies. I've totally confabulated old blog
               | posts from Antone Johnson with TSPA articles and some
               | Steven Myers papers.
               | 
               | The actual figure is a median of 1 subpoena per annum per
               | 430k users if the majority of the users are under 30.
        
               | kstrauser wrote:
               | No problem. I thought that seemed on the high side but
               | didn't have any stats to counter with. Which paper does
               | 430k come from? I'd like to squirrel that away for later.
        
               | immibis wrote:
               | Note that getting a subpoena isn't "legally fraught".
               | You're being called on to assist in an investigation of
               | someone else, not in trouble yourself.
        
         | jchw wrote:
         | I'm starting to think nostr was barking up the right tree after
         | all. Put as much complexity into the client as possible and
         | make the servers dumb and completely uncoordinated, utterly
         | interchangeable. Spam your broadcasts to any relay that will
         | listen. No idea if it actually works (I've read a lot about
         | nostr and AT proto but never used either of them) but I think
         | it's very obvious that any system that deeply relies on some
         | company that everyone becomes extremely reliant on (including
         | AT proto/Bluesky) is only a couple steps away from the same
         | sort of problems as centralization.
         | 
         | Of course, the real gold standard would be P2P, if only it
         | could work. But... mobile phones can't burn battery running P2P
         | clients in the background, everyone's under a NAT these days,
         | and some types of software (like microblogging networks) would
         | be horrifically intractable as a P2P system.
         | 
         | Oh well. At the very least, I really love the concept of
         | Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs). I'd like to see more stuff
         | like that.
        
           | pfraze wrote:
           | The atproto team came from the p2p space. We had a lot of
           | experience running client-side computation. There are
           | challenges you can try to solve in that design -- key sync,
           | key recovery, reliable hosting, reliable discovery, etc --
           | but what you can't get around is the need to run queries
           | against aggregations of data. Even scales that we consider
           | "mid" start to strain on the client-driven model. Federated
           | queries might be able to solve it, but it's extremely
           | challenging to get reliable performance out of that. The
           | design we landed on was replaceable big nodes.
           | 
           | The common comparable people raise is email/gmail, but we
           | used the DID system and account portability to try to get a
           | better outcome on provider migration. It's hopefully more
           | like web/google -- which still has the centralizing pressures
           | of scale benefits, but hopefully injects _enough_ fluidity in
           | the system to move the situation forward. Sometimes, you pick
           | the design that moves the ball down the field, not the one
           | that guarantees a touchdown. If somebody wanted to improve on
           | what we 've done, I'd tell them to focus on the federated
           | queries problem.
        
             | jchw wrote:
             | In theory AT proto doesn't seem like a bad design. I've
             | read a fair bit of the docs, although mostly skimming.
             | (I've been meaning to read the paper on Merkle Search Trees
             | so I can figure out what exactly is going on with PDSes.)
             | 
             | On the other hand, in practice it seems like the AT proto
             | infrastructure is still very centralized for now. DIDs are
             | excellent in theory, but everyone is using PLC DIDs, which
             | depends on the centralized plc.directory. You can run your
             | own PDSes, but there's only one relay for now (that I am
             | aware of.) I also don't think there is more than one
             | instance of the Bluesky AppView, and the official instance
             | is locked into the Bluesky Moderation Service, which seems
             | to limit the usefulness of some of the censorship
             | resistance of the protocol.
             | 
             | I'm not sure how much of that is social problems rather
             | than technical, but I worry that since Bluesky and AT proto
             | are gaining massive popularity with this status quo
             | (millions of users!) it'll have a problem akin to
             | Matrix.org, where in practice almost everyone is using the
             | same infrastructure anyways.
             | 
             | It's still relatively early days, but millions of people is
             | definitely enough to where you start to hit problems with
             | having everyone under one roof. I really hope we get to see
             | how things play out when more of the network is operated
             | independently.
        
               | Arathorn wrote:
               | fwiw roughly 50% of Matrix is on the matrix.org instance
               | currently. we consider this a bug, but also prioritise
               | ease of onboarding over decentralisation purity ideology.
        
               | jchw wrote:
               | I hate to be a downer but there's a lot of things Matrix
               | could prioritize over decentralization. That said, the
               | decentralization works pretty badly. Large federated
               | joins are somewhere between comically slow and
               | horrifically slow. Status does not seem to work well
               | across federation either.
               | 
               | I'm also a bit miffed that Dendrite was positioned as a
               | "next generation" Matrix server but now it feels nearly
               | orphaned with missing support for newer features, issues
               | with various appservice bridges, few updates at a very
               | slow pace, and no migration path out in sight. I know it
               | came with a fair number of disclaimers, but that still
               | bums me out as it seemed like it would be okay for a
               | small non-critical homeserver, and now it seems likely
               | I'll have to engineer my own path out when clients
               | finally stop working with Dendrite. (It already happened
               | once...)
               | 
               | You have no idea how bad I want to love Matrix, but
               | frankly if it was due to a focus on usability that
               | decentralization "purity" has suffered, it simply does
               | not show in the resulting usability improvements over
               | years of time. Sorry to be harsh.
        
               | Arathorn wrote:
               | if you feel miffed, imagine how the Dendrite team feels,
               | given the lack of funding which means it is on best-
               | effort dev currently.
               | 
               | if you're interested in progress on Matrix,
               | https://matrix.org/blog/2024/10/29/matrix-2.0-is-here/ is
               | where it's at.
        
               | jchw wrote:
               | I did see the Matrix 2.0 announcement, though for obvious
               | reasons I can't actually use any of the features listed
               | in it. Obviously, improvements to the basic chat
               | functions of Matrix would be great. For now though, I am
               | stuck with the reality that joining a large federated
               | channel sometimes takes more than 6 hours. I wish I were
               | exaggerating.
               | 
               | edit: I guess though that faster room joins weren't a
               | part of Matrix 2.0. Actually, I don't really have a huge
               | problem with the sync taking too long personally. So
               | maybe Matrix 2.0 wouldn't bring that big of an
               | improvement for me anyway.
        
               | pfraze wrote:
               | The necessary future is more providers, more relays, a
               | move of PLC to an independent body, and more DID methods.
               | 
               | I will also say - there are ~100 self-hosting PDSes in
               | the network, about 25 relay consumers, 3 alternative
               | appviews that I know of (smoke signals, frontpage.fyi,
               | and whitewind), the firehose & backfill are fully
               | available, the specs are getting fairly complete, and the
               | software is open source. This is a priority for us.
        
         | qudat wrote:
         | ActivityPub seems to require a lot of hardware resources in
         | order to run properly, which is unfortunate. It's not something
         | I would ever want to run myself, especially to the public.
        
           | rtpg wrote:
           | I wonder how much of that is endemic to ActivityPub or how
           | much is about the software stack itself
           | 
           | I don't mean to be glib, just wondering if things can be
           | "done better"
        
             | qudat wrote:
             | I'm guessing the syncing process between instances is
             | really brutal on resources. Imagine constantly syncing
             | external databases for your service to function properly.
        
               | rtpg wrote:
               | I thought AP was push-based though? Might be wrong of
               | course, and I think stuff like media is its own thing
        
               | jeroenhd wrote:
               | AP is push based (which actually causes the "every
               | instance has its own set of comments" problem). You can
               | run pullers on a small instance to get a better
               | experience if the remote sides support listing posts, but
               | the standard sync process is no more than receiving HTTPS
               | calls and storing the JSON contents in the right place.
               | 
               | There's some additional overhead (doing HTTPS calls for
               | verifying signatures, for instance) but that information
               | can be cached pretty effectively.
               | 
               | Pushing contents is no more than posting HTTPS calls to
               | every server in your follow lists, and possibly exposing
               | said content in a GET API for pullers, though that's
               | entirely optional.
               | 
               | Mastodon is heavy because of the way the backend is
               | written (I blame Ruby on Rails for tha one), but there
               | are fully featured ActivityPub servers out there that are
               | orders of magnitude more efficient. Mastodon devs prefer
               | the ease of development over performance but that's a
               | choice, not an inherent problem of ActivityPub.
        
           | SLWW wrote:
           | Please be wary to conflate ActivityPub with the code on top
           | of it, like Mastodon for instance; which is, on both front
           | and back-end, proven to be resource intensive and
           | difficult/costly to scale especially over time. (the older
           | the dbs get, the more inactive users pile up, etc.)
           | 
           | Versus something like Pleroma; which I've used since it's
           | inception, being incredibly janky and lightweight, prone to
           | breaking, but later versions have mostly ironed out most of
           | those catastrophic bugs. It has it's own challenges as well,
           | but it does historically scale better, is more flexible, and
           | less intensive per instance
           | 
           | One demands a lot of money and time, where the other demands
           | a lot of time and not so much on the money side. I'm not
           | going to spend the time to give you a history of
           | pleroma/mastodon instances, as it's a controversial history
           | at best and there's a lot of people who know little, yet who
           | will believe themselves an oracle. (ofc that could also be me
           | so take it with a grain of salt and all) Though if you are
           | willing to read through a bunch of highly opinionated
           | accounts, and you pay close attention to what actually
           | happened, the answer is pretty clear.
           | 
           | ActivityPub is intensive, but not the main culprit.
        
           | zimpenfish wrote:
           | > ActivityPub seems to require a lot of hardware resources in
           | order to run properly
           | 
           | Correction: "The Mastodon software requires a lot of hardware
           | resources in order to run properly"
           | 
           | Alternatives like GotoSocial, Akkoma, even Honk are much less
           | resource intensive.
        
         | mschuster91 wrote:
         | > Federated networks like Mastodon and Lemmy are going to get
         | people well-acquainted with websites shutting down. It's hard
         | work (time, money, etc.) to run these things for people, and
         | people start to really lean on them.
         | 
         | Mastodon is filled with such _utterly basic_ UX issues. You
         | move instances because the old one announces a shutdown? No old
         | posts visible, no import possible. You want to see the history
         | of an old account on another instance? The oldest toot you 'll
         | see is the first one that _your_ instance picked up from that
         | account. You have to switch to their instance to see old toots
         | - there 's a helpful link at the end of the feed, but it's
         | still annoying. "Trending" topics only carry stuff happening on
         | your server, and most of it is days old garbage. Search is
         | horribly broken and inconsistent.
        
           | zimpenfish wrote:
           | > You move instances because the old one announces a
           | shutdown? No old posts visible, no import possible.
           | 
           | But this isn't "utterly basic" to solve on the backend due to
           | how ActivityPub (currently) works. First you have to allow
           | backdated posts[0] (not supported in the spec) which requires
           | a mechanism to stop them being sent out (else they'll appear
           | in current timelines[0]) but also you need a mechanism to
           | send them out (to update the old URLs except how does the new
           | instance know where the old instance sent the status? And how
           | do you prove that you have the right to even request the
           | change?)
           | 
           | These are probably not insurmountable but they do require a
           | lot of thinking about!
           | 
           | [0] I ran into these importing an old Twitter bot into my
           | Akkoma instance. I had to modify the server code and it was
           | not a fun time.
        
             | mschuster91 wrote:
             | > But this isn't "utterly basic" to solve on the backend
             | due to how ActivityPub (currently) works.
             | 
             | They're _basic for the user_. I know a few people who left
             | Mastodon for good after the second or third time they had
             | to shift servers. That kind of stuff should have been
             | thought of from the beginning...
             | 
             | > to update the old URLs except how does the new instance
             | know where the old instance sent the status? And how do you
             | prove that you have the right to even request the change?
             | 
             | The same way an account move is currently reported to the
             | instances where followers reside and handled there - the
             | account-move operation would only need to do a full re-scan
             | of the old profile. That's a ton of traffic for people with
             | followers from many instances, I agree, but the source
             | instance could trigger the creation of something like a
             | data dump that destination instances can download without
             | hitting the API.
        
               | zimpenfish wrote:
               | > something like a data dump that destination instances
               | can download without hitting the API
               | 
               | That gets you the old statuses, great. How do you then
               | insert them into your existing instance? You can't just
               | repost them because they'll appear with new timestamps
               | (bad). You can't just repost them with old timestamps
               | because servers and clients assume "just arrived == now"
               | (bad). If you're using sequential IDs on your status
               | table, good luck with that because I'm pretty sure
               | someone has taken the shortcut of using that instead of
               | the timestamp. Assuming you can work all those out, now
               | you need to update the old URLs in the follower timelines
               | to point to the new URLs (unless we punt on this and just
               | let the old timeline sit around as it.) Except you don't
               | know who got those statuses when they were posted - the
               | old instance would need to have kept all the queue
               | records for every post and be willing to supply them to
               | the new instance. Or you can "eh" that and send them out
               | to the new followers (except we don't want to do that
               | because it confuses current instances and clients to get
               | old timestamps at a new time) but that doesn't mean
               | everyone will be updated. Or you can try and persuade the
               | old instance to redirect each old status to its new URL
               | once you've updated the software and protocol and clients
               | to allow for status redirection, obviously, and worked
               | out how to verify that server X is actually allowed to
               | redirect A@Y's old statuses and isn't some hijacker /
               | spammer / whatever and ...
               | 
               | I've not even given this much thought - I'm sure people
               | who actually dwell in ActivityPub and security worlds can
               | give a much better explanation of why it's not at all
               | easy to implement.
               | 
               | > That kind of stuff should have been thought of from the
               | beginning...
               | 
               | Yep, can't disagree that a whole heck of a lot more
               | thought should have been put into the AP protocol from
               | the start.
        
           | BeFlatXIII wrote:
           | Trending topics were a waste to add, anyway.
        
         | happosai wrote:
         | Eh, it's not new to federated sites. Many of the web sites I
         | frequented a decade a go are dead. Or enshittified useless so I
         | visit them rarely anymore.
         | 
         | It was sad to see say, the "user friendly" webcomic go away.
         | But I enjoyd it in the time. Just live the moment. Don't expect
         | even the big websites and apps of today to last - not at least
         | in the form you enjoy.
        
         | immibis wrote:
         | https://wiki.archiveteam.org/index.php/Deathwatch
        
       | pietervdvn wrote:
       | RIP!
       | 
       | Thanks for hosting this all those years. I'll try to find a new
       | home for my bot.
        
       | shadowgovt wrote:
       | Safe travels to a known name.
       | 
       | One of the reasons I maintain a node with only one user is I fear
       | the day I'll be responsible for other people's social media
       | presence; I could easily see myself going "It's just a few
       | thousand users" and the next thing I know I'm asking whether I
       | can keep this thing going (and agonizing over what it'll do to my
       | users to cut the service). And unlike Colin, I despise Rails and
       | wouldn't have the patience to hammer on it when it starts to
       | misbehave.
       | 
       | Props to Colin having the guts to take the risk.
        
       | scudsworth wrote:
       | >Over the years, the server has grown to have around a few
       | thousand active accounts, which isn't all that many. However,
       | they've generated something like 32 million statuses. Just to put
       | that in perspective, mastodon.social has over 2 million users,
       | who have generated around 110 million statuses.
       | 
       | unsurprising that the bots would outpace organic users, but wow,
       | what a ratio. i'd be curious to see this data charted over time
        
         | Yawrehto wrote:
         | It makes sense. Assuming the average bot toots ~once an hour
         | (24 times a day) and has been tooting for two years, you get on
         | the order (nearest multiple of 5000) of 20,000 toots per user,
         | which works out to 1600 users.
         | 
         | Also, there's a measuring change from active accounts to plain
         | old users. I don't know the proportion that are active, but if
         | I recall right, the fediverse as a whole had under 1 million
         | active users. Assuming 500,000 active accounts that pull all
         | the weight, it's 220 toots per user on average.
        
       | r3trohack3r wrote:
       | Federated networks like Mastadon strike me as being
       | centralization at scale.
       | 
       | They don't appear to solve any of the power dynamics of users and
       | operators - users are still at the mercy of the operator - and
       | they run on either altruism or monetization.
       | 
       | Mastadon appears to have successfully created N copies of the
       | Facebook problem, which is definitely better than where we were.
        
         | LeoPanthera wrote:
         | > users are still at the mercy of the operator
         | 
         | Mastodon allows you to be the operator, if you so choose.
        
           | ketzo wrote:
           | I think OP's point is that most users _don't_ choose to do
           | so. Whether because of lack of ability, interest, time,
           | whatever, people would mostly rather just be users.
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | > Mastodon allows you to be the operator, if you so choose.
           | 
           | ... and if you forget a critical update or you see it too
           | late, you'll get hacked.
           | 
           | Self-hosting _anything_ comes with serious challenges that
           | most people only realize in hindsight.
        
         | MBCook wrote:
         | I like Mastodon, it's the only Twitter like thing I use.
         | 
         | But I think this just reflects the facts. Centralization works
         | and is highly preferable for many users. Just like in the only
         | big federated service: email.
         | 
         | Yes you _can_ run your own. But there are a lot of costs in
         | terms of time /complexity/knowledge/trust to that.
         | 
         | Outsourcing it to someone else is really nice.
         | 
         | You don't need one big instance like Twitter was. Having a
         | small handful of big ones works well too.
         | 
         | But the dream some people seemed to have where everyone should
         | run their own instance alone or with a few friends was never
         | going to happen.
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | > Centralization works and is highly preferable for many
           | users.
           | 
           | I don't think users care about that at all, and if they have
           | it explained to them, hate it. I think the real problem is
           | that we haven't decentralized _ownership and decisionmaking,_
           | instead we shattered big dictatorships into little fiefdoms,
           | often run by local gangs (as one would expect.) Arguing that
           | federation should automatically solve our problems with
           | social media is like the US argument for  "state's rights."
           | You had one problem, now you have 50.
           | 
           | This is also exacerbated by the fact that people can't
           | migrate. That would seem like it should be a developer
           | priority to enable competition between instances, but instead
           | people get irritated when asked about it at all. Every post
           | locks you in farther to a particular instance. If people can
           | leave on a whim, bad instances would starve. Instead of
           | people being able to vote with their feet, the politics of
           | mastodon all revolve around punishing other instances for
           | various examples wrongthink by defederating. So now it's
           | little fiefdoms at war with each other, you have to be in the
           | in-crowd of your likely randomly chosen instance to have a
           | say about it, and if you leave you lose everything.
        
             | jeroenhd wrote:
             | My experience is that tons of people heard about Mastodon
             | when the first wave of Musk bullshit hit Twitter and they
             | immediately had an allergic reaction to having to pick a
             | server. They don't realise there's no practical difference
             | from email (which they're already using) but somehow the
             | need to pick a server baffles and confuses the average
             | social media user.
             | 
             | Instead, everyone seems to be joining Bluesky now, which is
             | also federated but doesn't mention it anywhere so users can
             | just join the main instance.
             | 
             | I expect this will cause massive problems in the future
             | when federation will start taking place on a serious scale
             | and the risks of misleading users by using similar
             | usernames on other servers start applying. People don't
             | know the network is federated and there's no easy way to
             | read up about it without diving into dev documents.
        
               | steveklabnik wrote:
               | Even the "main instance" on bluesky is a cluster of
               | instances; it's just not exposed in a way that causes the
               | choice issue. And since you have full account
               | portability, if you ever want to change, it's at least
               | possible.
        
           | broodbucket wrote:
           | >Yes you can run your own. But there are a lot of costs in
           | terms of time/complexity/knowledge/trust to that.
           | 
           | >Outsourcing it to someone else is really nice.
           | 
           | Yeah but the key thing is that you can choose your provider.
           | Email isn't a walled garden that can be enshittified because
           | you can just migrate somewhere else - yes it's a huge pain
           | and has a bunch of drawbacks, but you can do it, and people
           | do do it.
           | 
           | Moving to a different Mastodon instance is a way smaller
           | transition than moving from Twitter to another social media
           | platform entirely.
           | 
           | The Fediverse has a bunch of issues but I don't think we
           | should think about it as "running your own", we should think
           | of it as "choosing the provider that best fits your needs",
           | as many have with Gmail.
        
         | Nathan2055 wrote:
         | This is why I believe that Bluesky and the AT protocol is a
         | significantly more attractive system than Mastodon and
         | ActivityPub. Frankly, we've tried the kind of system
         | ActivityPub offers before: a decentralized server network
         | ultimately forming one big system, and the same problems have
         | inevitably popped up every time.
         | 
         | XMPP tried to do it for chat. All the big players adopted it
         | and then either realized that the protocol wasn't complex
         | enough for the features they wanted to offer or that it was
         | much better financially to invest in a closed system. Sometimes
         | both. The big providers split off into their own systems
         | (remember, Google Talk/Hangouts/Chat and Apple iChat/FaceTime
         | both started out as XMPP front-ends) and the dream of
         | interconnected IMing mostly died.
         | 
         | RSS tried to do it for blogs. Everyone adopted it at first, but
         | eventually content creators came to the realization that you
         | can't really monetize sending out full-text posts directly in
         | any useful way without a click back to the originating site
         | (mostly defeating the purpose), content aggregators realized
         | that offering people the option to use any front-end they
         | wanted meant that they couldn't force profitable algorithmic
         | sorts and platform lock-in, and users overwhelmingly wanted
         | social features integrated into their link aggregators (which
         | Google Reader was famously on the cusp of implementing before
         | corporate opted to kill it in favor of pushing people to
         | Google+; that could have potentially led to a very different
         | Internet today if it had been allowed to release). The only big
         | non-enthusiast use of RSS that survives is podcasts, and even
         | those are slowly moving toward proprietary front-ends like
         | Spotify.
         | 
         | Even all the way back to pre-Web protocols: IRC was originally
         | a big network of networks where every server could talk to
         | every other server. As the system grew, spam and other problems
         | began to proliferate, and eventually almost all the big servers
         | made the decision to close off into their own internal
         | networks. Now the multi-server architecture of IRC is pretty
         | much only used for load balancing.
         | 
         | But there's two decentralized systems that have survived
         | unscathed: the World Wide Web over HTTP and email over SMTP.
         | Why those two? I believe that it's because those systems are
         | based on federated _identities_ rather than federated
         | _networks_.
         | 
         | If you have a domain name, you can move the website attached to
         | it to any publicly routable server and it still works. Nobody
         | visiting the website even sees a difference, and nobody linking
         | to your website has to update anything to stay "connected" to
         | your new server. The DNS and URL systems just _work_ and
         | everyone just locates you automatically. The same thing with
         | email: if you switch providers on a domain you control, all the
         | mail still keeps being routed to you. You don't have to notify
         | anyone that anything has changed on your end, and you still
         | have the same well-known name after the transition.
         | 
         | Bluesky's killer feature is the idea of portable identities for
         | social media. The whole thing just ties back to a domain name:
         | either one that you own or a subdomain you get assigned from a
         | provider. That means that picking a server isn't something the
         | average person needs to worry about, you can just use the
         | default and easily change later if you want to and your entire
         | identity just moves with you.
         | 
         | If the server you're on evaporates, the worst thing that you
         | lose is your activity, and that's only if you don't maintain
         | any backups somewhere else. For most people, you can just point
         | your identity at a different server, upload a backup of your
         | old data, and your followers don't even know anything has
         | changed. A sufficiently advanced client could probably even
         | automate all of the above steps and move your whole identity
         | elsewhere in one click.
         | 
         | Since the base-level object is now a user identity rather than
         | a server, almost all of the problems with ActivityPub's
         | federation model go away. You don't deal with blocking bad
         | servers, you just block bad people (optionally using the same
         | sorts of "giant list" mechanisms already available for places
         | like Twitter). You don't have to deal with your server operator
         | getting themself blacklisted from the rest of the network. You
         | don't have to deal with your server operator declaring war on
         | some other server operator and suddenly cutting you off from a
         | third of your followers.
         | 
         | People just publish their posts to a server of their choice,
         | others can fetch those posts from their server, the server in
         | question can be moved wherever without affecting anything for
         | those other users, and all of the front-end elements like feed
         | algorithms, post display, following lists and block lists, and
         | user interface options could either be handled on the client-
         | side or by your choice of (transferable) server operator.
         | Storage and bandwidth costs for text and (reasonable) images
         | are mostly negligible at scale, and advertising in clients,
         | subscription fees, and/or offering ancillary services like
         | domain registration could easily pay for everything.
         | 
         | ActivityPub sounds great to nerds who understand all of this
         | stuff. But it's too complicated for the average social media
         | user to use, and too volatile for large-scale adoption to take
         | off.
         | 
         | AT protocol is just as straightforward to understand as email
         | ("link a website domain if you already have one or just
         | register for a free one on the homepage, and you can easily
         | change in the future"), doesn't require any special knowledge
         | to utilize, and actually separates someone's identity and
         | content from the person running the server. Mastodon is 100
         | tiny Twitters that are somewhat connected together, AT actually
         | lets everyone have their own personal Twitter and connect them
         | all together in a way that most people won't even notice.
        
           | ChrisArchitect wrote:
           | Good post of historical reminders and I appreciate the
           | framing of bluesky's identity approach. Never was sold on
           | Fediverse/ActivityPub as being _it_ and not a fan yet of
           | Bluesky 's slow-building-in-public approach but am intrigued
           | by this key facet of the main role the personal domain takes.
           | How can one easily change/migrate their AT identity if they
           | change domains? How is their whole social history
           | transferrable? Like that was one of the problems/unclear
           | things to most about Mastodon - that it actually wasn't that
           | easy to move instances because sure your identity could move
           | but your posts would be on the old instance, so it wasn't
           | really that portable. I'm all about the permanence and data
           | preservation, so I don't want to commit to a platform now
           | without assured control over my data and ability to maintain
           | history/identity in a move. Have enjoyed the centralization
           | and longevity for too long on a place like Twitter to get all
           | loose and ephemeral now.
        
             | steveklabnik wrote:
             | To change domains, you:
             | 
             | Go into settings, click change handle.
             | 
             | Type in the domain you wish to change to. Click next.
             | 
             | It'll give you some stuff to put into a DNS TXT entry on
             | that domain. Do that. Click "verify DNS record."
             | 
             | And that's it. You're done. Everything is "transferred."
             | 
             | The history is transferable for the same reason a domain is
             | transferable to another web host: what does URL stand for
             | again? Uniform resource locator? That is, it's how you
             | locate something, not what that something is. In this case,
             | the domain isn't actually your identity: your identity is
             | your DID, "decentralized identifier." To hand wave
             | slightly, all your content is signed with your DID
             | information, not the URL you use. There's a service that
             | resolves domains to DIDs. So changing your domain means
             | changing what that service resolves to. That's why I put
             | "transferred" in quotes above; when changing domains,
             | nothing actually moves.
             | 
             | Now, if you want to change the server where your data is
             | hosted, your PDS, it's effectively the same thing: you spin
             | up a new server, backfill your data by a backup or by
             | replaying it from the network, and then say "hey here's a
             | new PDS" to the network.
             | 
             | All of this is possible because of the fundamental design
             | choices atproto makes over the ones ActivityPub does.
             | 
             | Happy to answer more questions. But if data ownership and
             | preservation is a thing for you, you should like atproto.
        
         | Yodel0914 wrote:
         | As always, it depends. I'm on a mastodon instance centered
         | around a fairly specific topic, whose members donate (more
         | than) enough to cover the costs of running the instance.
         | 
         | Of course, it still relies on the benevolence of the guy who
         | runs and maintains the instance. He actually takes a fee out of
         | the donations each month to pay for his time, but it's a token
         | amount.
        
       | NelsonMinar wrote:
       | Aw too bad, this has been a really useful service. I wonder if
       | anyone wants to pick it up? The post mentions part of the problem
       | is Mastodon's implementation being a poor match to high volume
       | bots. You could imagine other architectures that were more
       | efficient for this use case, it'd be a fun yak shaving exercise.
       | 
       | If anyone needs to migrate their own projects I've had good luck
       | with feed2toot, to post RSS to a Mastodon account on a ordinary
       | server. It's been around a long time now and seems reliable.
        
       | op00to wrote:
       | Thanks, botsin.space! It was fun while it lasted!
        
       | sigmar wrote:
       | >I'd like to thank everyone who has ever run a bot on
       | botsin.space and gotten joy out of it
       | 
       | I definitely got joy out of setting up a bot on it. Huge thanks
       | to colin for making it so easy.
        
       | dawnerd wrote:
       | Damn, I asked the other day if it was down after noticing a ton
       | of timeouts in sidekiq. Reached out and Colin said they were
       | looking into it. Guess fixing it up just proved to be too much.
        
       | Evidlo wrote:
       | Maybe requiring payment could've worked out instead of shutting
       | down?
        
         | paranoidrobot wrote:
         | No relationship to the author, but this makes it into running a
         | commercial service.
         | 
         | So, at a rough guess you need:
         | 
         | - Some kind of company entity for all this to belong to,
         | possibly a LLC, and all the associated paperwork that goes with
         | it.
         | 
         | - Bank accounts and some way to handle card payments
         | 
         | - Some level of requirement to provide customer
         | service/support, at least for billing related issues
         | 
         | - Have to now also deal with card fraud, refunds, disputes,
         | charge-backs - even if you use some service that will handle
         | most of it, you'd still need some level of involvement
         | 
         | - Have to handle billing related tech stuff - issuing bills,
         | ensuring accounts are activated/deactivated based on billing
         | events
         | 
         | - And now you need to charge enough to cover all of the above,
         | and your time, and the time of any professionals involved in
         | the above
         | 
         | Starts to sound like at least a part time job. The OP may not
         | want to go there.
         | 
         | For my personal projects that I provide as a service to others,
         | I do them for the fun of it. In the past I've bailed or cut
         | access to them when they've started to feel like a job.
        
           | slightwinder wrote:
           | Isn't there a nonprofit association aimed for making the
           | managing/finance-side of such small projects easy? I mean,
           | there are all kinds of orgs for free software and other
           | hobbies. Having a dedicated organization for collecting small
           | money or donation and handling taxes worldwide for small
           | projects, might be something useful, I guess.
        
       | threemux wrote:
       | Website is being hugged:
       | 
       | https://archive.ph/6Krrp
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | I wholly appreciated the openness to accepting bot accounts,
       | migrated some projects from twitter there during the big exoduses
       | in the last couple years. And while it worked for bot purposes,
       | fun to tinker with etc...(not unlike twitter tbf) it was just
       | some server in space a blip in the fediverse and traction and
       | lack of proper network effects for accounts meant it wasn't much
       | use.
       | 
       | I'm not hot on the fediverse in general, and this just sours me
       | on it a bit more. A bunch of dedicated admins keeping instances
       | going, basically running hobby servers/websites like it was the
       | 90s/early 00s, is never gonna work for the kind fo scale services
       | grow to these days. I know not everything requires scale and lots
       | of ppl are happy existing in their little silos, but that's just
       | it, they're silos. Might as well be back on seperate forums for
       | our seperate interests again. When you want the power of a _mix_
       | of accounts /networks/interests everything balloons and can't be
       | run with funds and larger centralization. Sigh. It's a tough one
       | and has yet to be solved in full, with any existing approaches
       | all sort of half-solutions. Maybe that's the way forwards in
       | general (an internet of islands) but it sucks to have things
       | going up and down and having to migrate around the net (with or
       | without our own data) like nomads.
        
         | AlexandrB wrote:
         | > When you want the power of a mix of
         | accounts/networks/interests everything balloons and can't be
         | run with funds and larger centralization.
         | 
         | I don't really get the appeal of this. Different
         | topics/interests often demand different moderation and forum
         | features. Trying to shove everything into the lowest common
         | denominator of social media results in things like people
         | posting essays as screenshots of Apple Notes.
         | 
         | The only obvious benefit I see of this kind of large scale
         | centralization is for marketing. And that's not a benefit to me
         | as a user.
        
           | CaptainFever wrote:
           | The benefit of a centralized forum like Reddit, for a user
           | like me, is the ability to use one account for everything
           | (i.e. easy to join new forums) and the ability to have
           | everything on one algorithmic or chronological feed.
           | 
           | Traditional forums can solve the former by using social sign-
           | ins, and the latter by having RSS. However, support for
           | either of this is inconsistent, so it's usually easier to
           | just use subreddits.
           | 
           | Finally, money. Forums cost money to host, while subreddits
           | don't.
        
             | jayknight wrote:
             | Lemmy works like that more or less. You can subscribe to
             | communities on other instances and interact with them.
        
               | CaptainFever wrote:
               | True, I've forgotten that's the whole purpose of
               | federation: to create a unified home feed.
               | 
               | But then the Fediverse unfortunately runs up with the
               | classic issue of network effects. For me personally, my
               | Unified Home Feed of Reddit has more relevant content to
               | me than my Unified Home Feed of Lemmy. And it seems it'll
               | stay that way since Reddit's communities have thousands
               | or millions more subscribers in general.
               | 
               | So, sticking to Reddit is easier. This isn't helped by
               | the admin wars on the Fediverse which introduce messy and
               | silent breaks in the network, often requiring multiple
               | accounts to view everything you're interested in.
               | 
               | To the Fediverse's credit, their network is a lot wider
               | so it still has some uses, that is, hosting communities
               | banned on Reddit. But I'm not sure if some of the more
               | "normal" subreddits have much incentive to move over.
        
             | alexvitkov wrote:
             | Those are real and well understood benefits, and they're
             | the reason Reddit won. The costs of moving a community from
             | a forum to Reddit are nowadays mostly understood as well,
             | unfortunately they weren't as obvious back then.
        
             | Propelloni wrote:
             | Hmh, that's a drawback to me. I like to have different
             | accounts for different things and keep them more or less
             | strictly separated. I use two subreddits and each has its
             | own account.
             | 
             | On average I'd say account creation has become harder
             | because everybody and her child tries to shunt you into
             | some social sign-in but it still is not difficult to make
             | accounts. "Modern" password managers make it a breeze to
             | juggle many accounts, and frankly, what Netscape Navigator
             | could do almost 30 years ago was already enough for that.
             | 
             | Same goes for forums. phpbb [1] can run on any LAMP potato
             | and you get a whole boatload of potatoes for 2 EUR/month at
             | Hetzner. I don't know what HN requires, but I guess it's
             | not much more. The hard part of forums are the people
             | needed to keep order and Reddit is not helping there, quite
             | the opposite.
             | 
             | Sorry, I notice I'm grumpy.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.phpbb.com/
        
       | gradientsrneat wrote:
       | It's always nice when Fediverse servers have a sunsetting period
       | which allows account migration to other servers.
        
       | jordigh wrote:
       | The important bit
       | 
       | > But the recent Mastodon upgrade has caused a significant amount
       | of performance degradation, and I think the only way to really
       | solve it is going to be to throw a lot of money into hardware.
       | 
       | I found the latest upgrade also making some odd UX decisions.
       | Content warnings got a weird new styling and it's not clear
       | anymore how to hide images separately from hiding the text.
       | 
       | Are the mastodons okay?
       | 
       | There are good things too, don't get me wrong, like grouping
       | notifications instead of getting a notification flood on a
       | popular toot. That's nice. But what's up with perf regressions
       | and (in my opinion) UX regressions?
        
         | renchap wrote:
         | The content warning styling may be reverted (its already done
         | in `main`), and we are not aware of any performance issues with
         | 4.3, it's in fact the opposite from all the feedback we got. I
         | am really curious of what is happening here and asked the admin
         | to provide more information.
        
       | numpad0 wrote:
       | Why are these Twitter clones always so resource intensive and
       | finicky? Twitter is just "IRC in reverse", if you take literal
       | descriptions transitive relations in IRC(v2) and moved around
       | nouns, lots of it should apply to Twitter/Bluesky/Mastodon well.
       | RDB gurus can probably recreate lots of APIs as tables on bare
       | MySQL too.
       | 
       | It doesn't make sense to me that such a thing take so much dev
       | and ops cost compared to IRCv2 servers, other than for the fact
       | that modern webdev just so happens to be extremely bloated,
       | especially when extremely competent and high spirited developers
       | are giving up like this.
       | 
       | Are we doomed to keep adding more RAM and more disk and more
       | bandwidth to catch up with ever-growing bloat?
        
         | robobro wrote:
         | From what I understand, IRC doesn't hold messages for extended
         | periods of time or allow media uploads, while fediverse does,
         | so that's one big difference.
        
           | numpad0 wrote:
           | Do they have to? Twitter does and that's noble, but can't the
           | server, say, per-user logrotate, sign that with webserver
           | cert, and send via email or force download or push to HTML
           | localStorage thing when user is on desktop and then forget
           | about it?
        
         | mardifoufs wrote:
         | Because twitter isn't just IRC in reverse?
        
         | koito17 wrote:
         | Not related to Mastodon, but in the case of Matrix, the server
         | software ranges from "runs on a raspberry pi with zero issues"
         | (Conduit) to "even with 16 GB of RAM, federating with a large
         | enough room will exhaust Python's heap" (Synapse).
         | 
         | In the case of Conduit, a Matrix server with a few private
         | rooms and users consumed only 32 MB of RAM, using RocksDB for
         | storage. The equivalent on Synapse required about 5x as much
         | memory, despite using SQLite. In practice, Synapse instances
         | will use Postgres since many appservice plugins specifically
         | require Postgres and don't support SQLite. Not to mention,
         | SQLite isn't optimized for frequent, concurrent writes.
         | 
         | I do sincerely think the choice of Rails, and the fact Ruby
         | only got a compiler people use recently, means that most Ruby
         | programs require fairly beefy processors and plenty of memory
         | in order to keep up with a few hundred clients.
         | 
         | Of course, I am extrapolating based off my experience running
         | Synapse (a Matrix server) with Postgres. There is a chance
         | Mastodon scales much better.
        
         | strken wrote:
         | I think there are issues with hotspots. The most popular tweets
         | are seen by a big chunk of the userbase, which means they have
         | to operate on a fanout model where each tweet is pushed to
         | individual followers.
         | 
         | I believe IRC doesn't operate like that. The messages delivered
         | to each user don't need to be retained, and I assume the size
         | of the largest channels is in the tens or hundreds of
         | thousands.
        
         | sigmar wrote:
         | >extremely competent and high spirited developers are giving up
         | like this.
         | 
         | I'm pretty sure the median IRC server runs for much less than
         | 7.5 years. I don't think anyone expects volunteers to dedicate
         | decades of their life to admin duty. and it seems fine and
         | healthy for the ecosystem that he is telling people they have a
         | few months to move their bots to a different server.
        
           | lanstin wrote:
           | I didn't read TFA but was there a way to find the migrated
           | bots? honestly, for some quirky reason, the bots are a big
           | chunk of my enjoyment of social media (from Opposum's every
           | hour to randomly generated 3 body simulations of suns in 3d
           | to flight tracking to weather alerts to CO_2 levels), and I
           | have so much enjoyed botsinspace bots since joining mastodon
           | (which is by far the most enjoyable/least addictive/least
           | evil social media I've found).
        
         | mplewis wrote:
         | Scrollback.
        
         | viraptor wrote:
         | The post shows where the cost is - storage and bandwidth. With
         | IRC servers you're not expected to serve the all the history
         | forever, with a website around it, persistent subscriptions,
         | outbound queued notifications, etc. On IRC people also pretty
         | much expect missed messages and splits from time to time. Those
         | are very different services.
        
           | kraftman wrote:
           | Yeah but are those valid reasons? Bandwidth is unlimited for
           | most dedicated servers, and 190 GB for 7 years of data isn't
           | a lot; it could fit on my phone 5 times.
        
             | viraptor wrote:
             | 190GB in the database. That didn't include media. I'm
             | assuming the media part is not served from the same host
             | since that can easily overshadow other traffic.
        
         | lifthrasiir wrote:
         | Do you really think those "extremely competent and high
         | spirited developers" haven't tried? Not only that there are
         | numerous attempts to extend or replace IRC, but those attempts
         | generally understood what is fundamentally different between an
         | ephemeral room-base chatting protocol and a protocol that
         | allows efficient traversal, aggregation and streaming of
         | possibly large social graph and interactions.
        
           | noduerme wrote:
           | Very incisive. Your post got me thinking: Rather than a
           | federated system like Mastodon, what sort of protocol could
           | (a) function as a temporary, room-based, privately hosted
           | chat, that also (b) encoded the social graph and aggregated
           | interactions in a distributed way that could be polled by any
           | client? It seems like the past 30 years have designed either
           | for the decentralized, chat-first model, or else the
           | centralized social-first model (federated or not). I'm
           | thinking of what an LLM could do in terms of summarizing and
           | compressing both at the client level, so large aggregate
           | searches would know where to look in a decentralized universe
           | of chat rooms to more or less emulate the data-retrieval
           | functionality of a massive centralized social network...
        
             | lifthrasiir wrote:
             | While technically different, relays in the ATProto protocol
             | serve a similar purpose; it can be thought as a
             | materialized view in RDB as far as I understand. So if
             | ATProto proves to be successful in the future, extensions
             | to relays might make that possible transparently. (One big
             | limitation of relays right now is that they have to consume
             | the entire repository at once, making it hard for
             | individuals to host their own relays.)
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | What about like just readable fragments of materialized
               | views that were encoded into the messages themselves. So
               | that a sharp local context and a blurrier larger context
               | could be reconstructed from any given message. Sort of
               | like a Mipmap. And with maybe 10% of the messages in a
               | thread you could reconstruct a fairly accurate
               | representation of the whole thread, at least good enough
               | to run a search on. Every client could serve as a relay
               | that stored its own threads and a constellation of
               | associated mipmaps, and, if some were missing messages,
               | it would be obvious which other clients needed to be
               | checked for the missing portions the next time they
               | logged on. Old/archaic data could be warehoused by
               | clients that chose to do so. No central servers at all,
               | you just crawl client to client looking for the
               | connections, and build your own graph based on what
               | you're looking for.
        
         | sureglymop wrote:
         | Read the post. This specific server is created as a "playground
         | for bots", ran by one hobbyist volunteer. Nothing in the post
         | is surprising or says anything about the architecture of
         | Mastodon-like software.
        
         | r14c wrote:
         | it really, really varies by implementation. mastodon is popular
         | (for some reason), but far from the most efficient activitypub
         | server. akkoma derivatives are more limited by postgresql's IO
         | performance than the phoenix app itself. unfortunately, what
         | people know is a really slow rails app.
         | 
         | i haven't personally operated a misskey derivative, but based
         | on my experience writing network servers on node.js it probably
         | performs better than rails XD
         | 
         | the same applies for clients. there are nice native apps and
         | some pretty efficient web clients, but they aren't the default
         | on the most popular server software so nobody uses them.
        
         | neonsunset wrote:
         | These clones are often written in unimaginably inefficient
         | languages like Ruby or Python.
         | 
         | If I'm not mistaken, Twitter uses Scala. That would have been a
         | good start. For all the indie-ness, one of these clones could
         | have been written in hand-tuned Rust or C# or Kotlin to respect
         | the resources of people who would run them out of their own
         | pocket. But sadly this has not happened yet.
        
         | goodpoint wrote:
         | Mastodon is not a twitter clone.
         | 
         | Unfortunately it's written in ruby and it has no quotas on the
         | amount of images and videos uploaded or downloaded per-account.
         | Also it is not designed to scale horizontally or leverage any
         | form of p2p.
        
       | mmastrac wrote:
       | Ack. I have a bot there. I appreciate the extended warning time.
        
       | iforgotpassword wrote:
       | If this is just a matter of motivation or lack of time I can
       | understand, but if cost is an issue, why not just move to
       | hetzner? A dedicated server there can be had for around 40 bucks,
       | e.g.:                 EUR42.48 max. per month.         CPU: Intel
       | Core i7-7700       RAM: 64 GB       Drives: 2 x 4.0 TB Enterprise
       | HDD
       | 
       | Thats with unlimited traffic, but no ddos protection or similar,
       | so I don't know how essential that was at DO. Also you're on
       | physical hw which is always more annoying if you have to call in
       | because of a failing disk, but from my years of experience this
       | is as smooth as it gets; shut down the server, open a ticket
       | requesting replacement ASAP and give the drive's SN, and the
       | server will be up again within 20 minutes. Absolutely acceptable
       | for a side-project that doesn't offer anything mission critical.
       | But I'd really be curious what the bill currently is at DO, and
       | maybe you have some monster HW there that can't be matched here.
       | Genuinely curious.
        
         | lifthrasiir wrote:
         | I think the author assumes the server requirement to continue
         | to increase in the future, even only because of ever growing
         | number of statuses, so no amount of server hardware _right now_
         | is going to put one at ease anyway.
        
           | iforgotpassword wrote:
           | Sure, with 191GB we'd need to know what the growth looks
           | like. But 4TB might work for a good while. Unfortunately we
           | know nothing about the rest. Was it a mid-tier VPS and all
           | the money went into storage and traffic? Then this should be
           | plenty for another couple years at least.
        
             | immibis wrote:
             | You're also allowed to choose to expire old tweets.
             | Fediverse doesn't force every administrator to archive junk
             | forever.
        
           | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
           | It may also be that the moderation effort required will also
           | continue to increase in the future, that the human ability to
           | that is exhaustible. i.e. It may actually decrease at a point
           | in time. You might want to act on these opposing trends
           | before they reach a crisis point.
        
         | mosselman wrote:
         | That was my first thought too.
         | 
         | I've run pgbench on some 12 euro/month VM at hetzner and it
         | outperformed our 18k/year AWS RDS instance. Sure it isn't
         | managed, etc, but there is a lot of room between 12 and 1500
         | euros
        
         | relistan wrote:
         | There was a brief mention of other recent circumstances, which
         | are not elucidated further. Guessing there are unstated
         | personal reasons.
         | 
         | Aside from that, if you're running something on a shoestring
         | and your own time, moving it somewhere else is a lot of work
         | for little joy.
        
         | Tepix wrote:
         | Why not limit the bot accounts to a certain (low) number of
         | messages per minute/hour/day/week/month?
        
         | kstrauser wrote:
         | I don't do that because I'm in the US and currently live, work,
         | and operate my servers in the same legal jurisdiction. That's
         | handy! For instance, if one of my users pisses off Turkey, and
         | they order me to take it down, I can ignore it. If the server
         | were in the same court system as Turkey that may not be so
         | simple.
        
           | iforgotpassword wrote:
           | Fair enough, would complicate things quite a bit. Still sad
           | to see it go, but thanks for all the fun while it lasted!
        
       | neonsunset wrote:
       | I assume just not using Ruby would have given the project a few
       | more years of scalability hassle-free runway.
        
         | mosselman wrote:
         | But then only 1/10 of the features they currently have would've
         | been finished.
         | 
         | The real culprit is the cloud premium. If you go with hetzner
         | you have lots of runway too.
        
           | neonsunset wrote:
           | This is a typical excuse I _always_ hear in defense of Ruby
           | but am yet to see a proof that it is the case, with plenty of
           | arguments that demonstrate that Ruby also happens to be a
           | productivity loss the moment the project scale goes beyond
           | trivial.
           | 
           | It has such an embarrassing failure mode that is unthinkable
           | in statically typed compiled languages. Rails is not even a
           | better choice at its main selling point which is developer
           | UX, it has been many years since the rest of the industry
           | caught up and surpassed this. Nowadays, as a primarily C#
           | developer I'm always baffled by the crutches RoR developers
           | have to deal with - one would just not tolerate these in
           | .NET.
           | 
           | At the end of the day, if every line of code costs 100x more,
           | it's very difficult to come up with a good reason where such
           | Ruby tax is worth it in the projects that cannot afford to
           | throw more compute and memory at a problem.
        
             | hombre_fatal wrote:
             | The proof is that Mastodon and his server were implemented
             | in Ruby. It doesn't exist in another language. And it's the
             | same language that he uses at his day job and according to
             | him, it's part of what compelled him to work on it at all.
             | 
             | The fact that he built it and maintained it is the proof
             | for the claim. Without Ruby it simply doesn't exist, so it
             | doesn't matter how much hypothetically better your favorite
             | language is.
        
           | wink wrote:
           | This would work for an instance of human accounts who need
           | real UX. A bot instance should really work with the most
           | basic Fediverse software, if it supports posting, reading,
           | replying, etc.
        
         | aseipp wrote:
         | File transfer costs on a typical provider will absolutely eat
         | away at any money you could save through CPU or memory
         | efficiency gains, I think. If you move to a different provider
         | (like others have mentioned) to fix this then you'll often get
         | good CPU and memory to go with it so the whole calculus
         | changes. Those two resources are often the cheapest in the
         | whole stack, for better and worse. You'll save $20 by using a
         | smaller droplet but still pay $80 for outgoing traffic and
         | another $30 for disk storage, and those are the costs that
         | increase the fastest. The design of the existing Fediverse
         | means that they just use a lot of bandwidth and storage. I
         | think it would be a wash at the end of the day.
        
       | klntsky wrote:
       | Only a very rich person would use managed cloud for anything
       | large scale.
        
       | ahrjay wrote:
       | Ah bummer I've been posting my earthin24 timelapses[1] to this
       | for quite a while now.
       | 
       | [1] https://botsin.space/@earthin24
        
       | pluc wrote:
       | For a decentralized system, there sure is a lot of stress on that
       | one database.
        
         | ciroduran wrote:
         | Not decentralized: federated. Some instances are a lot bigger
         | than others, and some work in different ways, such as one
         | instance with lots of bots making procedural content.
        
       | weinzierl wrote:
       | _" I live in fear of an AI scraper figuring out how to scrape all
       | of these files and bankrupting me overnight."_
       | 
       | What is the best way around this for a hobby project similar to
       | botsin.space. I don't mind the service going down in case of a
       | DOS attack. I want to handle TLS myself though (so no free
       | Cloudflare).
       | 
       | Most important thing is my good sleep at night, so no fine print
       | that allows the provider to pass on the cost to me in case
       | something goes wrong. (If that means higher fixed cost, that's
       | how it is, I'm not asking for a dream house, just reliable cost
       | control).
        
         | _fat_santa wrote:
         | I could see a huge business opportunity here. In Amazon S3
         | there is a concept of "requestor pays" so you can have an S3
         | bucket that loads of people download data from yet you aren't
         | hit with the bill and instead the "requestor" pays for the
         | bandwidth.
         | 
         | With AI scraping becoming more of a thing, a cloud platform
         | could roll out a feature where an AI is allowed to scrape the
         | daylights out of your site, but they must pay for the bandwidth
         | or bandwidth + premium.
         | 
         | In this scenario you wouldn't wake up bankrupt but instead with
         | a windfall of cash because TikTok decided to scrape all your
         | stuff.
        
         | kraftman wrote:
         | A dedicated server with no bandwidth cap?
        
       | uuddlrlrbaba wrote:
       | If it's not generating income consider moving it to your
       | basement. Maybe it'll be down occasionally, but not forever.
        
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