[HN Gopher] A Primer on Vintage Cassette Decks: How to Find a Go...
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       A Primer on Vintage Cassette Decks: How to Find a Good One
        
       Author : lapnect
       Score  : 50 points
       Date   : 2024-10-23 08:45 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (insheepsclothinghifi.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (insheepsclothinghifi.com)
        
       | anonzzzies wrote:
       | Oh! Only a few hours ago I was lamenting I never had a cassette
       | deck; I was born in the 70s and went from [0] (like the top
       | picture) straight to cd. So I never had anything for playing or
       | making cassettes like the other kids. I made mix tapes on this
       | enormous thing which no one else could play.
       | 
       | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tape_recorder
        
         | Moru wrote:
         | My dad had something like that too. We got to play a bit with
         | it but mostly used to record conversations with old relatives
         | or musicians in the family. I think it had 4 channels that you
         | could switch between separately. We got normal tape recorders
         | pretty early so it was more a fun thing for us to play with.
        
         | Cthulhu_ wrote:
         | I've seen one of those at a music shop once, it seemed to be
         | studio grade equipment. The book it came with had the
         | electrical diagrams of the whole thing, so you could in theory
         | repair / re-engineer its electrical components. That was a rare
         | thing to see.
        
           | imp0cat wrote:
           | I believe including diagrams for the ease of repair was
           | actually quite common back then before all production was
           | heavily automated and moved overseas.
        
           | anonzzzies wrote:
           | Those schematics used to be included with computers too in
           | the 80s. It was normal as far as I know as we had them with
           | anything electronic. At least where I was. Do not remember
           | when it stopped.
        
             | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
             | Yep. I have a full set of IBM schematics of the original PC
             | on a bookshelf somewhere in the basement.
        
       | terribleperson wrote:
       | It's not really relevant to the article, but I find the orange
       | lighting and brushed finish of a Nakamichi Dragon beautiful.
        
         | mjhagen wrote:
         | Nakamichi is what we used in theater tech in the 80s and 90s.
        
         | wiredfool wrote:
         | Nakamichi had the best autoreverse --
         | 
         | * Cheap decks just ran the tape backwards, and used alternate
         | coils in the heads.
         | 
         | * slightly better ones flipped the heads too. (Aiwa at least)
         | 
         | Nakamichi had the tape in a carrier, it popped it out,
         | physically flipped the cassette tape around and put it back in
         | the player. Apparently it was better because the tape heads
         | were always perfectly aligned and the motors only had to go one
         | direction.
         | 
         | (really cheap walkmen did something that occasionally
         | misaligned the head so that autoreverse was actually play the
         | front side backwards. This was really awesome in the Satanic
         | Panic stuff's encoded in reverse era. My favorite at the time
         | was Drugs from Fear of Music)
        
           | rwmj wrote:
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eRSDp1JI5BQ
           | 
           | I'm pretty sure there was a 1980s movie that had the
           | protagonist using one of these, but I can't remember what
           | that was now.
        
             | aspenmayer wrote:
             | Was it 9 1/2 Weeks (1986)?
             | 
             | https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0091635/
             | 
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ENV4IRtu95g
             | 
             | https://www.diyaudio.com/community/threads/movies-or-tv-
             | show...
        
               | rwmj wrote:
               | That's the one. If that scene was any more '80s it'd have
               | to wear shoulder pads.
        
               | aspenmayer wrote:
               | You'll get a kick out of this then!
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FxbEE_rdazk
               | 
               | > Nakamichi Dragon 1000P 1000MB 1000 DAT - Nothing Better
               | at $20K! The Best Audio Products Ever Made!
               | 
               | > The repair and restoration of a Nakamichi Dragon
               | Cassette Tape Deck. Belts and the idler tire are
               | replaced. Rare Nakamichi 1000P DAC, 1000MB CD changer
               | along with the 1000 Digital Audio Tape(DAT) deck.
               | Nakamichi produced some amazing digital products although
               | they were best known for their cassette tape decks. At
               | more then $17,000 in the late 80's these were very high
               | end pieces of audio equipment.
        
         | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
         | Nakamichi made amazing machines. I had a CR2 - it was all I
         | could afford at the time - and even that had a sweet, musical
         | sound.
         | 
         | The Dragon was the pinnacle of the art. I tried one out in a
         | hifi store and it was night and day against the competition.
         | The others reproduced sound, the Dragon reproduced the music.
        
       | vr46 wrote:
       | I still have my Technics 646 I bought new as a student, but do I
       | use it? Barely. Chrome tapes seem to be a thing of the past,
       | forget Type IV, and I don't think I could spare the time anymore
       | for anything less! Lol.
       | 
       | A lovely medium, but my favourite memory of them isn't a
       | Nakamichi-scented one. It's a Sony Walkman-centred world that I
       | miss! If only I still had that Sony DC2, I could retire.
       | 
       | Edit: my mate tells me to STFU, he can bring me some new Type IIs
       | from Greece or Turkey. Result! Back in business!
        
         | roywashere wrote:
         | The world of cassette tape is weird. You can still buy new
         | Maxell UR60/90 type 1 tape but the tape you get in Europe or
         | the US is made in China or Thailand or such and is packaged in
         | red wrappers. The same UR60 if you buy it in Japan is in purple
         | wrappers and in different shells (screws versus glued) and is
         | manufactured in Indonesia and apparently much better quality
        
           | vr46 wrote:
           | I think Type I tape has a fairly low ceiling, my old TDK AR-X
           | were as good as they got, and I can't imagine these Maxells
           | are any good these days regardless of where they come from.
           | Any other tips?
        
             | tmountain wrote:
             | I buy NOS chrome tapes on eBay. They sound pretty darn
             | good.
        
           | junga wrote:
           | I recently started using RTM C90 type I cassettes for
           | recording mix tapes for my kids on my Denon deck. Quite like
           | them. No need for Dolby C and +5 dB are easily possible. All
           | the NOS tapes I have used sounded awful. I guess this is due
           | to chemical degradation over time (IANAC)
        
         | atoav wrote:
         | I work in an art university and a surprising amount of new
         | (underground/experimental) musicians release their music on
         | casettes.
         | 
         | If you wanna sell music on concerts vinyl is too expensive/you
         | would have to upfront too much money, CDs are dead, casettes
         | however had some sort of revival. Vinyl is still king in those
         | circles, but it requres you to be able to realistically finance
         | and sell a run of 250 pieces to be economical.
         | 
         | I saw people buy casettes (with a download code) while not
         | having a player -- it is a neat physical artifact for some.
        
           | badgersnake wrote:
           | CDRs just make more sense here in every way. Higher quality,
           | cheaper to produce and les degradation. Fucking hipsters.
        
             | aspenmayer wrote:
             | Most of the artists I'm familiar with that release on
             | cassette tapes are vaporwave or adjacent and sell their
             | work as DRM-free lossless FLAC files on Bandcamp as well,
             | so there's really no downside for the artist or the
             | audience.
        
               | jareklupinski wrote:
               | i love vaporwave on cassettes, because the medium lends
               | itself to the art
               | 
               | you never know if that flutter / wow effect was
               | originally in the song or coming from the deck
        
               | badgersnake wrote:
               | Art has to be deliberate surely? What you're describing
               | is just noise I would say.
               | 
               | But we're getting philosophocal.
        
               | aspenmayer wrote:
               | Art has to be deliberate?! Don't tell Duchamp!
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_object
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Readymades_of_Marcel_Ducham
               | p
               | 
               | > Types of readymades
               | 
               | > Readymades - un-altered objects
               | 
               | > Assisted readymades - putting several readymades
               | together taking away their use
               | 
               | > Rectified readymades - an altered or marked readymade
               | 
               | > Corrected readymades
               | 
               | > Reciprocal readymades - a unique art work presented as
               | a mass-produced utilitarian object
        
               | exitb wrote:
               | Choosing a medium that carries particular characteristic
               | can be a deliberate choice.
        
               | neuralRiot wrote:
               | Like film grain or contrast. Still love the look of
               | pushed kodak tri-x.
        
             | vr46 wrote:
             | Only if you assume people are after the music and not a
             | cool artifact, memento or souvenir.
        
               | shiroiushi wrote:
               | How is a CD-R not also an artifact, memento, or souvenir?
        
               | vr46 wrote:
               | It misses the "cool" bit
        
               | aspenmayer wrote:
               | To follow-on:
               | 
               | Niche physical releases are cool because they're
               | intentionally obscure and for fans, by fans, and
               | explicitly for certain subcultures or even collectors
               | within those subcultures. I've seen floppy disk and
               | Nintendo DS cartridge releases.
               | 
               | There are even more formats out there you can (re)release
               | on:
               | 
               | https://www.dookiedemastered.com/
               | 
               | Previously on HN (788 points 16 days ago 205 comments):
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41790295
        
               | shiroiushi wrote:
               | >Niche physical releases are cool
               | 
               | Um, CDs are also "niche physical releases" these days.
               | They're not quite as old-fashioned as cassettes or vinyl,
               | but they're still generally considered "obsolete" now
               | with streaming music services.
        
               | aspenmayer wrote:
               | Not nearly niche enough for some hypebeasts, but nothing
               | wrong with CDs in and of themselves. I think finding ways
               | to recontextualize the experience of owning and listening
               | are worthwhile.
        
               | badgersnake wrote:
               | Killing the most ubiquitous format for free lossless
               | digital audio and replacing it with analogue sources that
               | degrade with each play or DRM and subscriptions purely
               | because it's not cool enough seems like a terrible idea.
               | Apparently that's where we are.
        
               | atoav wrote:
               | You missed the part where I mentioned download codes,
               | right?
        
             | cbolton wrote:
             | Cassettes are more expensive and worse quality, but
             | significantly more robust in typical use until you put it
             | in a bad device (or hands) that gets the tape out.
             | 
             | I've given cassettes to a 3 year old, and they all still
             | play fine except for that one where the tape got out (cheap
             | player). I don't think CDRs (or commercial CDs for that
             | matter) would sound as nice after the rough treatment they
             | got.
        
             | charlimangy wrote:
             | CDR degradation can be total and I don't know of any tools
             | to recover them.
             | 
             | I have a box full of unreadable CDRs from 20 years ago and
             | a box full of perfectly playable cassettes from 40 years
             | ago.
        
               | CamperBob2 wrote:
               | The cassettes sounded awful on day one, and rest assured
               | they didn't get better with age. (Neither did the capstan
               | in your cassette deck, which I'd suggest checking to make
               | sure it isn't turning into goop that will literally ruin
               | your tapes for good.)
               | 
               | Meanwhile, my CD-Rs are still fine, but then I didn't buy
               | the cheapest ones I could find.
               | 
               | Out of all the 80s artifacts that hipsters could
               | resurrect... wow, just wow. Cassettes. They could have
               | brought back designer jeans, off-the-shoulder blouses,
               | normally-aspirated V12 Ferraris, and cheap cocaine... but
               | no, they decided to rehabilitate _cassette tapes_. This
               | truly is the worst timeline.
        
           | vr46 wrote:
           | I can understand the attraction of a set of needlessly
           | complicated physical contraptions that outweighs the appeal
           | of the actual outcome - and not talking about making coffee
           | here - so cassettes make a lot of sense, they're unusual,
           | uncommon, and look better on a shelf :)
        
           | ttepasse wrote:
           | Frustrating that MiniDisc was always a niche thing - those
           | were cool looking physical artifacts and even practical.
           | 
           | Of course real hipsters do FLAC on Iomega ZIP drives.
        
             | 0xEF wrote:
             | You can still find some artists on Bandcamp that release on
             | mini disc. Whenever I see them, I buy one to try and help
             | encourage more artists to do this.
             | 
             | And of course, many artists release on cassette. I have an
             | album from Dirty Art Club on it's way to add to my cassette
             | collection as we speak. My collection has grown
             | considerably in the two-ish years I've been using Bandcamp,
             | despite the sad controversy.
        
             | wkjagt wrote:
             | I still have my minidisc player. It can even record. It's
             | an awesome little machine.
        
               | jonhohle wrote:
               | NetMD or Hi-MD deviceces even let you "record" over USB
               | (Hi-MD even can expose a block device).
               | 
               | Not that long ago I would use scripts to dump CDs to MD
               | using linux-minidisc. Much more convenient to Cary around
               | than CDs, geat audio quality.
               | 
               | The only downside, imho, is when I'm on vacation I like
               | looking at second hand places and if I find a some CDs I
               | can't play them until I get home. I really miss the CD
               | deck in cars.
        
           | sfmz wrote:
           | I was wondering if NFC tech could bring back physical media.
           | I think NFC can transmit unlimited data and you could embed
           | it in a collectible card.
        
             | aspenmayer wrote:
             | NFC isn't unlimited, and the bitrate is very low. For a
             | storage medium, it's not really very suitable for files. It
             | would probably make more sense to embed a URL, with the
             | actual data hosted online.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near-field_communication
             | 
             | > NFC tags are passive data stores which can be read, and
             | under some circumstances written to, by an NFC device. They
             | typically contain data (as of 2015 between 96 and 8,192
             | bytes) and are read-only in normal use, but may be
             | rewritable.
             | 
             | > 424 kbit/s
        
               | exitb wrote:
               | > make more sense to embed a URL
               | 
               | ...which will promptly disappear once the company decides
               | to end their incredible journey.
        
               | aspenmayer wrote:
               | You're right, of course. It should obviously be a magnet
               | link or NZB file. :P
        
             | quora wrote:
             | Some kpop groups have released "NFC cd" albums that use nfc
             | and an app to "play the album". They are essentially
             | keychains.
             | 
             | But in the kpop world buying albums is less about listening
             | to the CD and more for the merch/supporting specific
             | artists.
        
           | jrajav wrote:
           | It's more than just a neat physical artifact - cassettes add
           | a pleasing saturation and natural compression (of the musical
           | kind, not the file kind) to the sound, which most would
           | describe as a bit more 'warmth' and 'energy'. This is why
           | people sometimes say that music just sounds better on
           | cassette or vinyl. In some ways, it literally does! Perfect
           | reproduction of sound is not the only dimension of musical
           | quality or enjoyment.
        
       | aspenmayer wrote:
       | Site is having Cloudflare SSL handshake errors (Error code 525)
       | for me. Struck out on archive.org and .is, so here's Yandex:
       | 
       | https://yandexwebcache.net/yandbtm?fmode=inject&tm=172984247...
        
         | aspenmayer wrote:
         | Well, that didn't work. This will have to do.
         | 
         | https://pastebin.com/iLFdzStE
        
           | nottorp wrote:
           | Link says 'account has been suspended' now. HN kiss of death.
        
             | aspenmayer wrote:
             | And that's why I always archive _before_ submit links to
             | HN!
        
       | rwmj wrote:
       | I have a Sony similar to the one mentioned at the end of the
       | article (Edit: TC FX 420R https://www.cassettedeck.org/sony/tc-
       | fx420r). It's been a bit of a journey, replacing the power supply
       | so it can run at 230V, replacing belts, and fixing the
       | autoreverse. It is fairly user serviceable but you need to have a
       | degree of knowledge, a steady hand, and a soldering iron and
       | other tools. Also you'll want to check you can download the
       | schematics and service manual before you buy. That was a huge
       | help for this Sony.
       | 
       | Looks really cool when it's running, but not massively practical
       | unless you have lots of tapes that you took good care of.
       | 
       | Edit: And it's going to need recapping one day.
       | 
       | Good quality 1970s/80s cassette decks in working order on eBay
       | are not cheap these days.
        
       | zabzonk wrote:
       | I remember back in the 1980s that if you had a cheap
       | microcomputer (I had a Dragon32) you actually needed a cheap,
       | low-quality cassette deck to save/load your code/data
       | successfully - the higher-fi ones would simply not work well, for
       | reasons I never understood but can definitely attest to from
       | experience.
        
         | rwmj wrote:
         | The received wisdom of the time was that a hi-fi was simply too
         | powerful and would blow up the computer (or at least damage the
         | mic/ear circuits). Also quite inconvenient dragging your Speccy
         | next to the family hi-fi, compared to attaching a cheapo
         | portable cassette deck.
        
         | adrian_b wrote:
         | Perhaps the HiFi ones used some additional processing like
         | Dolby Noise Reduction, which interfered with whatever signal
         | modulation method was used by your computer to save digital
         | data on cassettes.
        
       | d--b wrote:
       | I am all for nostalgia and stuff, but one item I don't miss is
       | the cassette.
       | 
       | These things failed all the time, the tape would get stuck in
       | annoying places, and then you'd end up with 10 meters of tape to
       | try and rewind without tying a knot, and the tape was screwed
       | anyways. Ugh.
        
         | rwmj wrote:
         | You must have had very bad luck because I used cassettes non-
         | stop for decades and have never had this happen.
        
         | exitb wrote:
         | Like with all analog media, what you get out of cassettes
         | depends heavily on the actual media you use, as well as the
         | equipment. Tape getting stuck or unwound doesn't really happen
         | with quality decks, and the fun part is those are much more
         | affordable nowadays.
         | 
         | And as far as the quality goes - well, audio quality was a
         | solved problem a few decades ago. Since then, it's only getting
         | worse. Cassette cannot be better than a well mastered vintage
         | vinyl or CD. It is better though than a YouTube video listened
         | over Bluetooth on crappy headphones, which seems to make most
         | people happy these days. It can, importantly, also sound better
         | than a lot of modern vinyl.
        
         | wazoox wrote:
         | It's mostly dependent upon tape quality and deck quality. With
         | a good deck and good tapes, it was extremely reliable. Cheap
         | tapes and cheap decks OTOH were a nightmare.
        
         | focusedone wrote:
         | Same! My dad laughed at me for getting into vinyl - he
         | remembered it as scratchy and irritating. Cassettes are
         | nostalgic, for sure. I used to sit for hours waiting for
         | whatever song to come on the radio so I could record it for
         | future enjoyment. That was pretty cool.
         | 
         | I expect at some point CDs will see a renaissance like vinyl
         | and cassettes. I'm here for that one. CDs were really the high-
         | water mark of enjoying music to me.
        
       | dave333 wrote:
       | Cassettes in the 1970s were great for recording music off FM
       | radio and also for making copies of LPs you owned (or borrowed)
       | that you could play in the car. I bought very few if any
       | prerecorded cassettes as the sound quality didn't seem as good as
       | LPs. Dolby and other forms of noise reduction were big for
       | getting rid of "tape hiss." Sometimes the cassette deck would
       | mangle the tape "bandsalad" I have heard it called. Cassettes
       | with screws were preferred so you could fix a mangled tape. C-90
       | length tapes were the optimum since they could easily hold an LP
       | and seemed a bit more robust than the C-120s. John Peel was the
       | DJ I listened to and recorded from the most off the Beeb back in
       | the UK.
        
         | HansardExpert wrote:
         | Apropo of nothing in particular if you miss those Old Peel
         | Session days (like I do) YouTube is very much your friend now -
         | https://www.youtube.com/@FruitierThanThou/videos
        
       | crispyambulance wrote:
       | I loved cassettes in the 80's and 90's. Never could afford
       | anything "hi-if" back then but got to use some stuff as a college
       | radio dj.
       | 
       | The best cassette deck ever was the Revox B215, direct drive, all
       | about performance, no nonsense, flawless for what it was designed
       | to do.
        
       | jpl56 wrote:
       | Bought a Technics M12 at a garage sale. When I plugged it in, it
       | had an horrible hiss when playing, even with no tape in it.
       | 
       | Solution was simple : put a blank tape then record, play, record,
       | play short chunks of tape in order to clean the record/play
       | connections in the mechanism. Problem solved.
        
         | trinix912 wrote:
         | Oftentimes it's just a dirty head, careful cleaning with
         | isopropyl alcohol fixes it.
        
       | christkv wrote:
       | DCC is where it's at. My parents still have the deck. Probably
       | the most useless technology ever.
        
       | ghostpepper wrote:
       | anyone else seeing the article replaced with a "This account has
       | been suspended" page? hugged to death I guess
        
       | chasil wrote:
       | I have two Ultrix/Sanyo decks in my closet that do Dolby B/C and
       | dbx.
       | 
       | I haven't listened to a cassette in at least a decade.
       | 
       | I wonder what I should do with them when I retire and sell my
       | house in two years.
        
       | rbanffy wrote:
       | I miss the rituals of listening to music in the 80's. It was not
       | a casual experience, but a deliberate one - you decided you'd
       | listen to some music and you did a series of steps before you
       | could relax in your carefully positioned armchair.
       | 
       | Good speakers would also give you the pleasure of the chest-
       | thumping harmonics of a good drum set (or Japanese drums).
        
         | tartoran wrote:
         | All that ramp up prepared you for an experience that you'd take
         | in with minimal interruptions. We completely lost that way of
         | enjoying things..
        
       | tartoran wrote:
       | When I was a kid in the late 80s and had a walkman I remember I'd
       | rewind tapes by sticking the gears on a pencil and shaking that
       | back and forth. That would not only save the motor but the
       | batteries were lasting for a few hours tops and rewinding seemed
       | like a lot of power waste. I miss and I don't miss those days at
       | the same time. Tapes had a charm and the experience wasn't bad
       | for the times but there were so many problems, the tape would
       | frequently get jammed, as far as walkmans, the batteries were
       | really problematic and would last from 45 minutes to a few hours.
       | It'd take a few seconds up to half a minute to realize I had to
       | change batteries as the music would drop in pitch, at first
       | imperceptibly but then more and more until it'd just stop
       | playing.
        
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       (page generated 2024-10-25 23:02 UTC)