[HN Gopher] Origin of 'Daemon' in Computing
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       Origin of 'Daemon' in Computing
        
       Author : wizerno
       Score  : 197 points
       Date   : 2024-10-20 00:35 UTC (22 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.takeourword.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.takeourword.com)
        
       | pzmarzly wrote:
       | Interestingly, Safari Reader View doesn't work on this page.
       | Firefox's does.
       | 
       | Alternatively, here's a readable mirror:
       | https://ei.cs.vt.edu/%7Ehistory/Daemon.html
       | 
       | And another:
       | https://old.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/7w7914/the_origin_of...
        
         | Dalewyn wrote:
         | This was the internet we loved, I miss it.
        
         | latexr wrote:
         | > Safari Reader View doesn't work on this page.
         | 
         | What do you mean? I just tried it and it was fine.
        
           | pzmarzly wrote:
           | For me (macOS 15.0.1), it only extracts the biggest quote
           | (Your explanation of the origin of the word daemon ... United
           | Kingdom web sites), the rest of the text is lost.
        
             | dcow wrote:
             | Works on iOS. Page is so horrendous that I immediately
             | reached for it.
        
         | Teknomancer wrote:
         | "Text of the site below because looking at that site hurt. A
         | lot." For fucking real!
        
       | keepamovin wrote:
       | I always wondered about this. Now I know. Thank you :)
        
       | JD557 wrote:
       | Unrelated to the word "daemon", but related to the article, I was
       | a bit surprised by this assertion:
       | 
       | > Eventually, though, the theory of quantum mechanics showed why
       | it wouldn't work.
       | 
       | I was familiar with the information theory arguments (the same
       | presented in Wikipedia[1]). Is that why they mean here by
       | "quantum mechanics" or is there another counterargument to
       | Maxwell's daemon?
       | 
       | 1:
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxwell's_demon#Criticism_an...
        
         | n4r9 wrote:
         | I'm guessing that the daemon's ability to allow only fast
         | molecules through the gate depends on knowing their position
         | and velocity simultaneously?
        
           | eru wrote:
           | But the daemon doesn't need to know them all that precisely.
        
             | n4r9 wrote:
             | I think you'd have to be pretty precise to know if it's
             | heading towards a hole that's only just large enough for
             | it.
        
           | roywiggins wrote:
           | It seems to come from measuring the particles at all. One
           | result is that the demon has to store information about the
           | particles, and erasing that information to free up memory
           | increases the entropy of the gas/demon system.
           | 
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxwell%27s_demon#Criticism_.
           | ..
        
         | Vecr wrote:
         | It _probably_ (if the calculations are right) is unable to
         | actually do much of anything useful (because it 's too complex
         | to avoid being extremely correlated with the rest of the
         | universe ("embedded")), and even if it could it wouldn't be
         | better than a standard ASI in most real-world situations.
         | 
         | That's assuming you aren't trying to claw back more energy than
         | you lose, I'm pretty sure that's not possible to reliably do
         | without crazy hypothetical physics.
        
       | pyinstallwoes wrote:
       | from PIE _dai-mon- "divider, provider" (of fortunes or
       | destinies), from root _da- "to divide."
       | 
       | to divide power, compute.
        
       | mrngm wrote:
       | Earlier threads:
       | 
       | - [2023] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35283067 (24
       | comments)
       | 
       | - [2022] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31069163 (127
       | comments)
       | 
       | - [2018] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16299583 (46
       | comments)
       | 
       | - [2011] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=2691752 (45
       | comments)
        
       | etcd wrote:
       | Always thought it was because it denotes a process that stays
       | alive and so is like a little living demon in your computer.
        
       | reaperducer wrote:
       | I knew the origin of daemon from high school Greek philosophy
       | courses.
       | 
       | At the time, I thought "when an I ever going to use this stuff in
       | real life?" Then I got into computers.
        
         | AStonesThrow wrote:
         | I know, right? I used to read about the role of eunuchs in
         | ancient royal courts, and I thought to myself, who _does_ that
         | anymore?
        
       | pantulis wrote:
       | Of course it's not the origin of the usage, but I always found
       | Lovecraft's quote from Lactantius to be pretty adequate:
       | 
       | "Demons have the ability to cause people to see things that do
       | not exist as if they did exist. -- Lactantius"
        
         | compressedgas wrote:
         | http://blogicaster.blogspot.com/2011/10/lovecrafts-lactantiu...
        
       | modernerd wrote:
       | Wonderfully written. "Warning: This paragraph is about science
       | so, if this topic causes you undue alarm, please close your eyes
       | until you've finished reading it."
        
       | gcanyon wrote:
       | Ha -- I read the title and said to myself, "gotta be Maxwell,
       | right?" The jolt of pleasure I get from being right about things
       | like this is unreasonable.
        
         | JKCalhoun wrote:
         | Yeah, author tries to throw us a curve ball at first with that
         | koo-koo _backronym_.
        
       | dcminter wrote:
       | > We also assume that this is the meaning behind the
       | daemon.co.uk, host to many United Kingdom web sites
       | 
       | Not sure if it was the origin of the company name, but the domain
       | was demon.co.uk not daemon. E.g. I had pretence.demon.co.uk with
       | them for a few years.
       | 
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demon_Internet
        
         | pixelesque wrote:
         | Yeah, never heard of a 'daemon.co.uk' in the 90s, but likewise
         | had a Demon account...
        
       | trash_cat wrote:
       | "Disk And Executive MONitor" does sound kinda cool, though.
        
         | rubyfan wrote:
         | I'd guess someone backed into that acronym when asked "why do
         | you call these things daemons?"
        
           | m463 wrote:
           | Does Anyone Else Make Outrageous Names?
        
       | jasoneckert wrote:
       | The *nix world is full of dark-but-fun terminology. Daemons run
       | the system. New files get 666 (before the umask takes away
       | unnecessary permissions). Parents kill their children before
       | killing themselves. And sometimes you have to kill zombies.
        
         | vhodges wrote:
         | From: https://devrant.com/rants/1101391/my-daily-unix-command-
         | list...
         | 
         | unzip; strip; touch; finger; mount; fsck; more; yes; unmount;
         | sleep.
        
           | JKCalhoun wrote:
           | yum
        
           | oefrha wrote:
           | Except you shouldn't fsck while mounted.
        
             | toast0 wrote:
             | Works fine in FreeBSD/ufs :p
        
           | Uehreka wrote:
           | > unzip; strip; touch; finger; mount; fsck; more; yes;
           | unmount; sleep.
           | 
           | T E C H N O L O G I C
           | 
           | ...
           | 
           | T E C H N O L O G I C
        
           | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
           | This is a weird thread to happen upon when my other monitor
           | has variables named sexp.
        
           | prepend wrote:
           | Tail/head
           | 
           | It's almost like these commands were all made by nerd teenage
           | boys.
        
         | _fat_santa wrote:
         | Almost feels like a right of passage when you inevitably google
         | something like "kill self" (in reference to killing the current
         | process) and get a popup telling you about suicide resources.
        
           | ganjatech wrote:
           | Or indeed a rite of passage
        
           | mort96 wrote:
           | Or "kill orphaned children" and be put a list somewhere
        
           | jakjak123 wrote:
           | "Kill orphaned child process"
        
         | gberger wrote:
         | Sometimes you have to kill orphans too!
        
         | paulnpace wrote:
         | Unics (from Multics).
        
         | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
         | Zombies or orphans, depending on which side you want to play as
         | today. Plenty of killing to be done on both.
        
         | js2 wrote:
         | Zombies can't be killed for they are already dead; they can
         | only be reaped, by waiting on them. (This is why init inherits
         | orphans, so it may reap them when they eventually die.)
        
       | burcs wrote:
       | Saw this on a conspiracy theory subreddit recently, thought it
       | was absolutely hilarious:
       | 
       | "Boy I love trapping demons in microscopic silicon megastructures
       | to do my bidding, I sure hope nothing goes wrong"
        
         | sgarland wrote:
         | I told my eight year old the "we taught sand how to think"
         | joke, and he loved it, and also indulged me in a brief
         | explanation.
         | 
         | It really is absolutely wild that it all works when you go to
         | the absolute fundamentals and start working forward.
        
           | somat wrote:
           | The funny thing is that before that we taught light bulbs how
           | to think(thermionic logic), and before that we taught magnets
           | how to think(relay logic) and before that we taught levers
           | how to think(gear logic)
        
             | sgarland wrote:
             | It's magic all the way down.
        
         | stuckinhell wrote:
         | Didn't some Wharton professor post something similar too
         | recently?
        
       | FergusArgyll wrote:
       | Huh, I assumed: it does work whilst remaining unseen
        
       | twobitshifter wrote:
       | Do you pronounce it as demon or like Matt Damon?
        
         | dcow wrote:
         | I believe it officially is pronounced the same as demon. But
         | colloquially I hear a lot of (and sometimes find myself using)
         | "damon".
        
           | whartung wrote:
           | I'm in the Matt Damon camp. Always pronounced it that way,
           | never really gave it much thought. Just seems "right" to me.
        
             | JadeNB wrote:
             | And now we can perhaps hash out whether the `lib` in
             | `/usr/lib` is pronounced with a long or short 'i'. I hope
             | I'm not the only one who pronounced it the first way with
             | no real thought, and never noticed until I heard someone
             | else say it with a long 'i' that that was obviously the
             | logical pronunciation.
        
               | dpassens wrote:
               | Surely the logical pronunciation is the way you'd
               | pronounce it in library, so a long 'ai' rather than any
               | kind of 'i'? Though I personally always use the short
               | 'i'. I was going to justify that by saying it's the same
               | as /usr/bin, but that's also short for binaries, so
               | should also be an 'ai'.
        
               | macintux wrote:
               | I've been pronouncing it with the short 'i' for 30 years,
               | but mainly, possibly only, in my head.
               | 
               | In 1998 I started a new job, and my boss pronounced "URL"
               | as "earl". That threw me for a loop, had to fight my way
               | through our first conversation before I figured out what
               | he was saying.
        
               | bitwize wrote:
               | I pronounce API as "appy", which sometimes draws
               | quizzical looks (people think I'm using next-level cutesy
               | slang for "application"). But I never could do the "earl"
               | thing. Or "sequel".
        
               | JadeNB wrote:
               | > Surely the logical pronunciation is the way you'd
               | pronounce it in library, so a long 'ai' rather than any
               | kind of 'i'?
               | 
               | Yep, that's what I meant to say with:
               | 
               | > ... never noticed until I heard someone else say it
               | with a long 'i' that that was obviously the logical
               | pronunciation.
               | 
               | But maybe the sentence structure was too tortured for it
               | to be clear what I was saying.
               | 
               | > Though I personally always use the short 'i'. I was
               | going to justify that by saying it's the same as
               | /usr/bin, but that's also short for binaries, so should
               | also be an 'ai'.
               | 
               | Oh, shoot, even after I noticed the logical pronunciation
               | of "lib" (long 'i') it never occurred to me that the same
               | applied to "bin". I guess I just can't say any paths out
               | loud any more.
        
               | fwip wrote:
               | Perhaps the difference for you is that "bin" is already
               | an English word with an official pronunciation.
               | 
               | Personally, I also use short-i for "lib," because I tend
               | to pronounce shortenings of text as if they were words
               | themselves.
        
               | saltcured wrote:
               | Do you pronounce the vowel in /var as in "bar" or as in
               | "bare"?
               | 
               | Also, for those who try to pronounce everything rather
               | than spell them out, where does it end?
               | 
               | I now have a newly discovered, morbid interest in how
               | such folks say path elements like "selinux", "httpd", and
               | "pgsql"...
        
               | dpassens wrote:
               | > that's what I meant to say
               | 
               | Ah, that makes sense. I thought you meant long 'i' as in
               | extending the duration of the 'i' sound, like in 'beep'
               | vs 'bip'.
        
               | brianmurphy wrote:
               | I have always pronounced lib like the word liberal.
               | 
               | I was mind-blown the first time I heard someone pronounce
               | etc as "et-see".
               | 
               | et-see rolls off the tongue so much better than ee-tee-
               | see that it makes perfect sense now.
        
             | bbor wrote:
             | Hard agree. It's an archaic word, it seems a shame not to
             | revel in that fact whenever you use it! I've been using
             | "automata" a lot recently, and that's another one that is
             | just more fun the unusual way. Also it helps that it's
             | clear either way -- no one will be confused upon hearing
             | "daymon" even if they're not used to it, unlike "etsee",
             | "user-slash-libe", "user-slash-bine". Or, god forbid, "oo-
             | zir slash"...
        
         | jamesog wrote:
         | It should more properly be written as daemon. The ae ("ash")
         | character is usually pronounced more like "ee", as in
         | encyclopaedia. I've never heard anyone say "encycloPAYdia" :-)
        
           | lagniappe wrote:
           | because it's spelled encyclopedia
        
             | jamesog wrote:
             | US English spells it as encyclopedia, British English
             | spells it as encyclopaedia.
        
           | bbor wrote:
           | Fascinating! This is why I stick with nice, clean structural
           | linguistics, this applied stuff gets sticky. I just confirmed
           | on Youtube that the (some?) British people do indeed
           | pronounce "Aesthetic" as "ah-stet-ic" not "ee-stet-ic", and
           | upon diving a bit, it seems that the rule is "don't ask for a
           | rule, you fool! It's 'e' now except for when it isn't."
           | Thanks for the interesting tidbit!                 The letter
           | ae was used in Old English to represent the vowel that's
           | pronounced in Modern English ash, fan, happy, and last: /ae/.
           | Mostly we now spell that vowel with the letter a, because of
           | the Great Vowel Shift.       When ae appears in writing
           | Modern English, it's meant to be a typographic variant of ae,
           | and is pronounced the same as that sequence of vowel letters
           | would be. So Encyclopaedia or Encyclopaedia, no difference.
           | 
           | https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/70927/how-
           | is-%C3...
           | 
           | Highly recommend the protracted arguments in the comments,
           | that's a wonderfully pedantic StackExchange. Big shoutout to
           | someone in 2012 defining "NLP" as an unusual word -- how the
           | world has changed! It's only a matter of time before they
           | open an AP/IB course in NLP...
        
             | jamesog wrote:
             | "Aesthetic" gets even stickier! In the UK I tend to more
             | commonly hear it pronounced as "es-thetic".
             | 
             | The Great Vowel Shift indeed makes written English much
             | more confusing than it perhaps should be. English is
             | already a messy hodge-podge of a language, then our writing
             | system started to get standardised (or standardized, if
             | you're American!) right as pronunciation started to change,
             | leading to the written version of words suddenly no longer
             | being anything like the pronunciation.
        
             | saltcured wrote:
             | Hmm, I'm a Californian and I pronounce daemon as demon,
             | understanding the first vowel as the same vowel as for
             | Aesop. Indistinguishable from the vowel in "beam" and
             | "niece".
             | 
             | But I pronounce the first vowel in aesthetic differently.
             | For me, it's somewhat in between the vowels in "bed" and
             | "bad" but closer to the former.
        
               | bbor wrote:
               | ...TIL how to pronounce "Aesop"! Thanks for saving me
               | eventual embarrassment - now I know why other people
               | don't mix up Aesop Rock and ASAP Rocky!
               | 
               | As a fellow Californian, I'd say we have authority anyway
               | - I was taught in school that Ohio has the least
               | specialized dialect, but that's based on newscasters and
               | such. The 21st century is the Californian century!
               | 
               | ...that is, assuming Brussels' English is out of the
               | running, I suppose ;)
        
             | int_19h wrote:
             | The letter "ae" as used in Old English does indeed
             | correspond to /ae/, but we don't use that letter (or even
             | digraph) for this purpose anymore. In all the words where
             | it is still occasionally used, it corresponds not to Old
             | English "ae", but to Latin "ae", which is [ae].
        
           | bityard wrote:
           | Yes. Daemon is just the archaic spelling of demon. The ae is
           | a vowel sound that didn't survive to modern times. The word
           | was NEVER pronounced "damon." To my knowledge.
        
           | int_19h wrote:
           | The original pronunciation of ae/ae in words originating from
           | Latin or Greek is basically like "I". As usual, English
           | molded it into something else in many cases, which is why we
           | write "demon" these days. But if you insist of "daemon", then
           | it really ought to be pronounced like the original Greek
           | daimon.
        
         | everfrustrated wrote:
         | I pedantically use day-mon (working/servant spirit) to
         | distinguish from dee-mon (evil spirit) but I suspect I'm very
         | much in the minority.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daimon vs
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demon
         | 
         | I've never found any significance to associate the unix term
         | with Demons and consider it a mis-association.
        
           | iwaztomack wrote:
           | Don't let MAGA hear you... they'll start banning and burning
           | linux boxes.
        
       | trelane wrote:
       | "Warning: This paragraph is about science so, if this topic
       | causes you undue alarm, please close your eyes until you've
       | finished reading it."
       | 
       | Amazing.
        
       | bitwize wrote:
       | I remember learning about Maxwell's Daemon through the Apple II
       | game _Dr. Maxwell 's Molecule Magic_, in which you take the role
       | of the daemon. You must toggle the barrier on and off in order to
       | trap enough gas molecules at high enough pressure to launch a
       | rocket ship. Once you think you have enough, you can then launch
       | the rocket to see how well you did. If you were successful, the
       | rocket would blast off the screen and an image would show of an
       | astronaut on the moon saying "Hi, Mom!" (Speech was provided via
       | PWM through the Apple II speaker.)
       | 
       | Eleven-year-old me was easy to entertain. Especially if rockets,
       | robots, or science was involved.
        
       | lynguist wrote:
       | I find the "a la mode" vs "au jus" discussion right under the
       | daemon one very interesting!
       | 
       | I wasn't familiar with both of these expressions but I looked it
       | up and "a la mode" is an American culinary expression, meaning
       | "served with ice cream". And "au jus" is also an American
       | culinary expression, meaning "gravy" or "broth". Now, even though
       | they are both derived from a French expression that is a
       | prepositional phrase with a (meaning with), it does not matter
       | any more when they were borrowed to English.
       | 
       | "A la mode" became a new adverbial expression meaning just that:
       | "served with ice cream". You can have pie a la mode = pie served
       | with ice cream, but obviously not *pie with a la mode = pie with
       | served with ice cream.
       | 
       | And "au jus" became a noun expression meaning "broth" or "gravy".
       | And you must say sandwich with au jus = sandwich with gravy and
       | can't say *sandwich au jus = sandwich gravy.
       | 
       | What is extremely interesting here is that it bothers the
       | prescriptivist who wants language to be a certain way he feels it
       | is _supposed_ to be, also the author on that webpage.
        
       | magicalhippo wrote:
       | I recall reading a mail exchange posted on some usenet group
       | about, IIRC, some boss or similar higher-up being shocked to
       | discover the UNIX systems they ran were full of demons, and as a
       | devout christian wanted the sysadmin to put an end to that
       | immediately. The sysadmin was repeatedly trying to explain that a
       | daemon was not the same as a demon, without success.
       | 
       | Tried to find the post again, but no dice :(
        
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