[HN Gopher] Even a Single Bacterial Cell Can Sense the Seasons C...
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       Even a Single Bacterial Cell Can Sense the Seasons Changing
        
       Author : Brajeshwar
       Score  : 24 points
       Date   : 2024-10-13 14:35 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.quantamagazine.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.quantamagazine.org)
        
       | loa_in_ wrote:
       | The seasonal state machine
        
       | tomohelix wrote:
       | From an engineering perspective, a single bacterium is a state of
       | the art self contained factory. It has thousands or even ten of
       | thousands of feeback circuits each with multiple interweaving
       | depdendencies that somehow works perfectly to adjust
       | inputs/outputs on the fly at extreme efficiency.
       | 
       | Even with all of our technological achievements, we can barely
       | build something at this level of complexity. And to make it so
       | cheaply and quickly? Pure science fiction. Yet scoop up a handful
       | of dirt or pour a glass of water and you can get billions of
       | these sophisticated machines in your hand.
       | 
       | Earth and its biosphere is a marvel of technology. Shame we don't
       | seem to appreciate it enough.
        
         | yieldcrv wrote:
         | We're getting there
         | 
         | The transistor based direction may be folly, but it will get
         | close. All within 100 years passed vacuum tubes.
        
         | 01HNNWZ0MV43FF wrote:
         | The bacteria in dirt don't do what I want, though. that's the
         | great value of man-made machines, they (typically) do what I
         | want (except cars)
        
         | drdaeman wrote:
         | > And to make it so cheaply and quickly? Pure science fiction.
         | 
         | Don't scientists out there very explicitly avoid building self-
         | replicating systems at any significant scale to avoid the
         | associated risks?
         | 
         | I think they already can create artificial/synthetic lifeforms
         | in a lab - it's just that there are not a lot of use cases that
         | make building a factory worth it, at least so far.
         | 
         | [Upd: I stand corrected - I thought they can, but turns out
         | they can't. Thank y'all.]
        
           | tomohelix wrote:
           | We use synthetic biology to modify what is already available
           | in nature and then call it "synthetic lifeforms" but it is
           | like a cheap knockoff of the original with barely functional
           | system.
           | 
           | All of these "synthetic lifeforms" I have seen are usually
           | very gimped and nowhere as robust as a normal bacteria. It is
           | still an ongoing effort to make a real, designed from
           | scratch, comparable bacteria that can match the original. But
           | speaking as someone who worked on these things, I would not
           | expect any major breakthrough soon.
        
           | RandomThoughts3 wrote:
           | We can't. You are far overestimating the state of the art.
           | 
           | The only self-replicating thing we can "build" is a modified
           | biological cell and that's already a tremendous achievement.
        
           | jl6 wrote:
           | No, we cannot already create artificial lifeforms, and the
           | reason we don't create self-replicating systems is because we
           | don't know how (unless you mean something like modifying
           | viruses, but that's not really us doing the hard part).
           | 
           | It would be nice to think that a scientist in command of
           | self-replicating artificial life technology will have the
           | restraint to hold back on deploying it at scale. But if
           | someone comes along and says "hey I made an artificial
           | bacterium that can eat all the CO2 in the atmosphere, want me
           | to replicate it globally?", someone is going to push the
           | button.
        
           | dekhn wrote:
           | The closest thing I can think of in biology would be
           | https://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/21/science/21cell.html and
           | https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/science.328.5981.958
           | (same underlying research, two popular science articles). It
           | still depended on many different known biological components,
           | tools, and starting points.
           | 
           | In non-biology, most of the work has been self-assembling,
           | not self-replication. IE, put all the puzzle piecees in a
           | bag, jiggle for long enough, and you get a fully assembled
           | puzzle out.
           | 
           | There's also https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenobot
           | 
           | Realistically, many scientists are working towards fully
           | self-replicating machines. Generally, nobody has been able to
           | articulate a realistic danger that is not highly implausible;
           | we work under the assumption either nothing bad will happen,
           | or we'll be able to stop it well before it's an issue.
        
         | echelon wrote:
         | > Earth and its biosphere is a marvel of technology.
         | 
         | Our world is exceedingly rare and beautiful.
         | 
         | We lucked into an incredible solar system configuration, and
         | evolution has done some seriously heavy lifting.
         | 
         | The molecular biology of DNA alone -- its biochemistry and
         | enzymatic machinery -- is enough to be its own field.
         | 
         | > Shame we don't seem to appreciate it enough.
         | 
         | The domain experts do. This complexity is very difficult to
         | teach to laypeople and those not interested in science
         | communication. It's so easy to take it all for granted. You
         | have to develop an understanding first in order to appreciate
         | the marvel of biology.
         | 
         | Communication is getting easier, though. I'm sure we'll get
         | there.
        
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