[HN Gopher] Does veganism have an ultra-processing problem?
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Does veganism have an ultra-processing problem?
        
       Author : belter
       Score  : 31 points
       Date   : 2024-10-12 16:09 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bbc.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bbc.com)
        
       | thyristan wrote:
       | We do mostly have a problem with ultra-unspecific, ultra-
       | unsubstantiated, ultra-agenda-driven and ultra-useless
       | nutritional advice.
       | 
       | The lacking proper definition of ultra-processed foods is just
       | one part of it. How much is "much"? How often is "occasionally"?
       | What is the confidence level and effect size of that advice? What
       | are the alternatives?
        
         | apwell23 wrote:
         | Everytime there is a post about upf, there is always someone
         | trying some pedantic " but what exactly is processing"
         | 
         | Article acknowleges the issue with definition and there a
         | section titled 'Identifying ultra-processed foods'. Why not
         | just run with it .
        
           | fiddlerwoaroof wrote:
           | The definition given there is pretty useless, imo:
           | 
           | > In the Nova system, a food product is considered ultra-
           | processed if at least one of its ingredients is a substance
           | that home cooks generally don't use (such as high-fructose
           | corn syrup or hydrolysed protein), or is an additive designed
           | to increase the product's appeal (such as a thickener or
           | emulsifier).
           | 
           | Whether or not home cooks use an ingredient has little to do
           | with the health of that ingredient. And, at least from the
           | abstract of the linked article, the additional details don't
           | inspire confidence that this is a meaningful category.
           | 
           | "Processed foods" is yet another example of the trend of
           | giving something vague a name, attaching an emotional valence
           | to the name and then using that anti-scientific emotional
           | valence to influence public policy. (See also the politics of
           | nuclear power)
        
             | at_compile_time wrote:
             | The scientific thing to do would be to only use novel food
             | additives when they have been proven to be safe, when
             | they've been tested for toxicity, effects on the microbiome
             | and the digestive tract specifically.
        
               | fiddlerwoaroof wrote:
               | Many of the additives people complain about aren't
               | particularly novel.
        
           | lotsofpulp wrote:
           | > Why not just run with it .
           | 
           | Because it is a waste of time at best, and disinformation at
           | worst.
        
           | thyristan wrote:
           | Because the definition given is useless. Additives I wouldn't
           | use as a home-cook, thickener or emulsifier make it ultra-
           | processed.
           | 
           | So anything with a thickener or emulsifier is ultra-
           | processed? So now my potato-soup is ultra-processed because
           | potato-starch acts as both (same with any kind of
           | beans/lentils/starchy things)? What about that sauce where I
           | intentionally add starch or flour? That pasta, where the
           | cooking water emulsifies the sauce? That mayonaise where
           | mustard and egg yolk act as an emulsifier? Risotto, where the
           | rice starch thickens? What about roux? Reductions? Blood?
           | Thickening with paprika powder?
           | 
           | By definition practically everything home-cooked is also
           | ultra-processed. Anything containing any kind of starch is
           | ultra-processed. This is either a completely useless
           | definition, or the actual message is "don't cook food, ever".
        
             | pastage wrote:
             | You do list things that are not that good. As someone
             | pointed out when you limit yourself to one thing it is
             | usually not good. Potato starch is great but not if you
             | only use that, and there is a problem of eating processed
             | potatoes instead of unpeeled.
             | 
             | More greens and more fibers is a good thing, but also takes
             | more work to cook well. The definition is not useless if
             | you just use it as one part of understanding your
             | ingredients, not the only way.
        
           | formerly_proven wrote:
           | The UN FAO definition cited above still at the very least
           | _sounds_ like a slightly dressed up version of
           | "industrialized food production bad" (nevermind that it is
           | responsible for all of the wins against malnutrition in the
           | world). "a series of industrial processes, many requiring
           | sophisticated equipment and technology" - like literally any
           | industry? "fractioning of whole foods into substances" - like
           | milling flour or extracting corn or potato starch from said
           | plants? "assembly of unmodified and modified food substances
           | using industrial techniques such as extrusion" - like
           | extruding pasta? "use of additives at various stages of
           | manufacture whose functions include making the final product
           | palatable" adding stuff to make taste more godder describes
           | literally any kind of food preparation? "sophisticated
           | packaging, usually with plastic and other synthetic
           | materials"?
           | 
           | Hello, are you describing oreos or dried pasta from 1950
           | here?
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | Such a dogshit definition makes it impossible to target any
           | specific chemical or process. With that definition and a
           | meal, I can't tell you whether that meal is "ultra-processed"
           | or not. Just tell me the processes, and show me the studies
           | on them. If there aren't studies on them, _do_ studies on
           | them. But talking about  "processed" foods actually seems to
           | use generalization as a smokescreen that somehow still allows
           | deceptive labeling, an enormous number of chemicals, and _no
           | specific criticism of the industry._
           | 
           | Food preservation is important, Fortifying foods with
           | vitamins can be awesome. It's good when foods are cheap, food
           | "preparation" and food "processing" are the exact same thing
           | in English. There's always going to be processing. Finding
           | out which processes can cause disease or ill-health is
           | reasonably straightforward, if you want to do it rather than
           | throw around political and marketing rhetoric.
           | 
           | 72% less processed!
        
         | polmos wrote:
         | I've long advocated for nutrition labels to include what I call
         | "antinutrition" information.
         | 
         | Things like high oxalate content that, without hydration, can
         | put you at risk of kidney stones.
         | 
         | As a ~vegan I once contracted gout!
         | 
         | What that taught me (via internet knowledge shares, the doctors
         | were completely stumped) was an excess of nutritional yeast.
         | 
         | The daily recommended amount was 3-4 tablespoons per day. I was
         | easily eating 15.
         | 
         | Apparently nutritional yeast has a thing called purines, also
         | found in red meat, and is a cause for gout.
         | 
         | Cut it down to normal consumption levels, and the problem went
         | away.
         | 
         | https://multimedia.efsa.europa.eu/drvs/index.htm
         | 
         | Some of the entries in this public nutrition database have
         | daily maximum values.
         | 
         | That information needs to be more readily available.
        
           | namaria wrote:
           | Apart from ethical or environmental concerns, one of the best
           | decisions you can make nutrition wise is to vary your intake
           | a lot and one of the worst is to try and subsist on a limited
           | range of foodstuffs.
        
             | polmos wrote:
             | The paradox is that by restricting my diet, with an
             | ethically, morally, environmentally and health conscious
             | move to ~veganism, it expanded the variety of food I eat.
             | 
             | When you are unable to rely on old faithfuls, especially
             | meat and dairy, you have to explore other possibilities and
             | really dip into the weird.
        
               | namaria wrote:
               | I have zero intention to comment on vegetarianism or
               | veganism with this observation, I am solely talking about
               | seeking variation in whatever dietary spectrum you may
               | choose to follow...
        
               | polmosalt wrote:
               | I absolutely agree.
               | 
               | One quick and easy trick is to eat "colorful food".
               | 
               | Eating a meal that has lots of different colors increases
               | your odds of getting a broader variety of nutritional
               | content.
        
               | namaria wrote:
               | That is good advice, but I'd like to clarify that I meant
               | variation over diversity. Eating the same 15 things every
               | week is better than eating the same 5 things, no doubt.
               | But changing it up over the week, month, is even better
               | because is diminishes the chances you're getting too much
               | of something that might be bad in great quantities and
               | works with the adaptability of the body.
               | 
               | Fasting seems to be good for you, for example, because it
               | stimulates the body to consume malformed proteins.
               | Changing intake up from one day to the next also should
               | help the diversity of the gut biome and the activation of
               | several metabolic pathways without 'overheating' any of
               | them.
        
               | aziaziazi wrote:
               | Double that, restricting my food leaded me to explore new
               | beans, roots and fungus.
        
         | tzs wrote:
         | The article links to a definition of ultra-processed foods.
        
         | abdullahkhalids wrote:
         | Real world phenomena can never be cut by clean lines. This
         | isn't math definitions. That said, there are fairly
         | comprehensive definitions of these things. The UN's FAO defines
         | ultra processed food as:
         | 
         | > Formulations of ingredients, mostly of exclusive industrial
         | use, made by a series of industrial processes, many requiring
         | sophisticated equipment and technology (hence 'ultra-
         | processed'). Processes used to make ultra-processed foods
         | include the fractioning of whole foods into substances,
         | chemical modifications of these substances, assembly of
         | unmodified and modified food substances using industrial
         | techniques such as extrusion, moulding and pre-frying; use of
         | additives at various stages of manufacture whose functions
         | include making the final product palatable or hyper-palatable;
         | and sophisticated packaging, usually with plastic and other
         | synthetic materials. Ingredients include sugar, oils or fats,
         | or salt, generally in combination, and substances that are
         | sources of energy and nutrients that are of no or rare culinary
         | use such as high fructose corn syrup, hydrogenated or
         | interesterified oils, and protein isolates; classes of
         | additives whose function is to make the final product palatable
         | or more appealing such as flavours, flavour enhancers, colours,
         | emulsifiers, and sweeteners, thickeners, and anti-foaming,
         | bulking, carbonating, foaming, gelling, and glazing agents; and
         | additives that prolong product duration, protect original
         | properties or prevent proliferation of microorganisms.
         | 
         | This definition makes most sense when compared with the
         | definitions of the other three categories [1]. I am pretty
         | sure, that any two people trained on these definitions will
         | only disagree less than 5% of the time.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/527...
        
           | treflop wrote:
           | You're missing the point. It's not defining what constitutes
           | ultra processed -- it's that no one really knows if it's bad
           | for you.
           | 
           | Because when you study people who eat a certain thing, they
           | also all tend to eat another thing.
           | 
           | I religiously read nutrition labels and a lot of vegan ultra-
           | processed foods are not particularly healthy, but not
           | necessarily because they are ultra processed but because they
           | mimic non-vegan foods which themselves are unhealthy.
           | 
           | Even if you cook all your meals, it doesn't mean that you are
           | eating healthy because it still depends on your ingredients.
           | 
           | And as the article hinted to, a lot of people who initially
           | start eating vegan foods tend to buy non-vegan analogues
           | which are not healthy. The better analogues tend to be ultra
           | processed. Are these people at higher risk of certain
           | diseases because they are eating ultra processed foods or
           | because they've limited themselves to unhealthy vegan
           | substitutes? Hard to say.
        
             | abdullahkhalids wrote:
             | The world is complex. There are thousands of basic foods
             | that are combined, processed and cooked in countless ways.
             | You can't figure out which of these are good or bad
             | individually. You have to make categories to simplify the
             | problem.
             | 
             | There are dozens of categorizations that are studied in
             | literature. Vegan/Veg/Carnivore is one. Each diet becomes
             | its own category to be studied, such as keto.
             | 
             | Level of processing is another such categorization. It
             | won't give you the final answer on what is good or bad,
             | only a partial answer, that will indeed have to be combined
             | with results of other categorizations to get a final
             | answer.
             | 
             | Please understand that nutritional science is a few decades
             | old at this point. Demanding physics (a 500 year+ academic
             | discipline) level of clarity from a discipline which is
             | many times more complex is not going to happen in our
             | lifetimes. The only thing we are going to get are bad
             | partial answers; just like you point out. Everyone knows
             | they are partial answers, but they are partial answers
             | because of complexity, not because of malice.
        
             | CuriousSkeptic wrote:
             | > It's not defining what constitutes ultra processed --
             | it's that no one really knows if it's bad for you.
             | 
             | If I remember correctly, the book on the subject[1] makes a
             | compelling case for the source of that classification,
             | Monteireo[2], to have pretty solid data on just that
             | 
             | [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra-Processed_People
             | 
             | [2] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Augusto_Monteiro
        
           | cat_plus_plus wrote:
           | Mmm... I love my food with proliferation of microorganisms!
        
       | polmos wrote:
       | This is carnivore cope.
       | 
       | Ultra processed food eaters have an ultra processed food problem.
       | 
       | I eat a ~vegan diet. (~vegan meaning someone a vegan would refuse
       | to call a vegan, but that anyone else would call a vegan, ie. I
       | eat honey)
       | 
       | I cook all of my food, and it's all fresh produce, spices, evoo,
       | quinoa, and oats.
        
         | apwell23 wrote:
         | > I cook all of my food, and it's all fresh produce, spices,
         | evoo, quinoa, and oats.
         | 
         | Are you on low protein diet ?
        
           | polmos wrote:
           | I eat in excess of the daily recommended protein amount for
           | my age, body weight, and activity level because I weight
           | train.
           | 
           | My protein comes from beans, quinoa, oats, vegetables, and
           | nutritional yeast.
        
             | apwell23 wrote:
             | i used https://www.calculator.net/protein-calculator.html
             | and it gave me ~ 120gm average for my bodyweight and
             | activity level ( with a cdc high of 202gm). I dont' weight
             | train.
             | 
             | quinoa - 8g/cup , 8 gm
             | 
             | beans - That is equal to approximately 1/2 cup per day.
             | Thats about 20g protein
             | 
             | oats - 6 gm protien
             | 
             | So thats about 44g/day.
             | 
             | Are you eating like ~ 3 cups of beans/day ( ~120gm )? That
             | would be around 350gm of carbs which sounds really
             | excessive to me.
             | 
             | All the things in your diet are listed as "examples of not
             | complete proteins" on that page. not quite sure what that
             | means.
        
               | xnx wrote:
               | I can't speak for them, but adding a scoop or two of pea
               | or brown rice protein makes it very easy to achieve any
               | target amount of daily protein while getting a good amino
               | ratio.
        
               | david-gpu wrote:
               | _> a scoop or two of pea or brown rice protein _
               | 
               | Very apropos for an article that discusses ultra-
               | processed foods in the context of a plant-based diet.
        
               | xnx wrote:
               | Definitely processed, but not so different from whey
               | powder or flour.
        
               | david-gpu wrote:
               | Pea protein starts with pea flour, but there are several
               | additional processing steps afterwards. Presumably rice
               | protein follows the same rough steps.
               | 
               | As for whey protein isolate, isn't it also considered an
               | ultra-processed substance as well?
        
               | grvbck wrote:
               | > All the things in your diet are listed as "examples of
               | not complete proteins" on that page. not quite sure what
               | that means.
               | 
               | Complete proteins contain all nine essential amino acids
               | in consistent amounts. Most of those are stuff like fish,
               | poultry and dairy, whereas grains or vegetables usually
               | don't contain all the needed amino acids.
               | 
               | So if you're on a veg diet, mixing and matching those
               | protein sources is recommended to get you all the amino
               | acids your body needs.
        
               | polmosalt wrote:
               | I was a little too vague. That's my bad.
               | 
               | Also, per serving: lentils (?g), peas (5g), peanut butter
               | (8g), flax meal (3g), hemp hearts (10g); and more I'm
               | sure I'm missing.
               | 
               | That said, I could easily eat 3 cups of beans per day.
               | 
               | As to "complete proteins" mixing quinoa and oats, which
               | each have some of the necessary amino acids, makes their
               | combination a source for complete proteins.
        
           | stevebmark wrote:
           | In the year of our lord 2024 I am baffled that anyone doesn't
           | know about the protein content of quinoa, oats, and other
           | starchy grains.
        
         | FeistySkink wrote:
         | Why not just call your diet plant-based then?
        
           | polmos wrote:
           | You are free to call it whatever.
           | 
           | I am without allegiances.
        
           | GrantMoyer wrote:
           | Bees aren't plants.
           | 
           | More seriously, if they follow a nearly vegan diet for
           | ethical reasons, except they don't give a shit about bees, it
           | makes sense to describe their choice as approximately vegan,
           | rather than plant based, because it is approximately vegan.
        
           | Klonoar wrote:
           | Because most people to this day don't know what the hell
           | "plant-based" means. Products in the market often dilute this
           | term too, unfortunately.
        
         | abdullahkhalids wrote:
         | > A 2021 French study found that ultra-processed ... accounted
         | for 37% and 39.5% of energy intake for vegetarians and vegans
         | ... 33% figure for meat eaters [1].
         | 
         | The data suggests that in whatever population the study sampled
         | from all types of food eaters are eating roughly the same
         | amount of ultra-processed food.
         | 
         | That said, I agree with you that the numbers are too high. I
         | eat meat, cook my own food, and I am pretty sure my percentage
         | is less than 10%.
         | 
         | [1] Deleted shoddy analysis in the article.
        
         | imjonse wrote:
         | I heard someone with a similar diet jokingly refer to himself
         | as a 'fuck the bees vegan'
        
       | IWeldMelons wrote:
       | News flash - vegans and vegetarians do not need "meat
       | substitutes", as we do not crave meat. Difference between 33%
       | (non-vegetarian) and %39 (vegan)percent of "UPF" is trivial, and
       | probably won't matter and will be offset by lack of carcinogens
       | prevalent in fried meat etc.
        
         | abdullahkhalids wrote:
         | Doesn't frying anything, including vegetables, create
         | carcinogens? Besides, plenty of meat eating cultures that
         | rarely fry meat.
        
           | IWeldMelons wrote:
           | Frying meat creates more carcinogens AFAIK; my point was not
           | that though, I was arguing that ultraprocessed herbal food is
           | not same processed meat food, almost certainly less harmful,
           | as it does not require as much nitrites etc.
        
         | michael9423 wrote:
         | I don't think you can speak for all vegans and vegetarians.
         | 
         | I was vegetarian for a couple years until meat cravings became
         | so strong I started eating meat again.
         | 
         | 84% of vegans and vegetarians return to meat:
         | https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/animals-and-us/201...
         | 
         | Many because they crave it.
         | 
         | Several vegan influencers have been caught eating meat and fish
         | secretly. Conversely the same - some carnivore influencers have
         | been caught eating fruit and other plant products.
         | 
         | Only 2% of US-Americans are truly vegan or vegetarian (and even
         | those tend to cheat here and there).
        
           | IWeldMelons wrote:
           | I am sorry to hear that, but your experience actually
           | conforms what I said, only those who transition needs the
           | fake meat substitute. I have about 12 years of vegetarian
           | experience, and after 0.5 years of switching |I stopped
           | having any cravings.
           | 
           | I have no way to verify your statements about cheating, but I
           | personally do not cheat, as I have no need in it, but my
           | advice to everyone who crave meat to stop torturing
           | themselves and it imitations, you'll abandon vegetarian/vegan
           | life anyway.
        
         | xnx wrote:
         | > vegans and vegetarians do not need "meat substitutes", as we
         | do not crave meat
         | 
         | Speak for yourself. I might only have them once/month, but I
         | enjoy the flavors of Impossible Foods and Beyond products.
        
         | neilv wrote:
         | > _News flash - vegans and vegetarians do not need "meat
         | substitutes", as we do not crave meat._
         | 
         | This news flash is news to me. Vegetarian diet (and not much
         | ovo nor lacto) for 25+ years.
         | 
         | I eat fake meat almost every day.
         | 
         | And in the summer, when neighbors cook some unidentified real
         | meat on their grill, and it wafts over, I feel a twinge of
         | carnivore frenzy, ready to fight them for their kill, with my
         | claws and teeth.
        
           | 0xDEAFBEAD wrote:
           | I tried going vegan once. I found my craving for a burger
           | increased the longer I went without. That told me I was
           | suffering a nutritional deficiency. I don't observe the same
           | increase in cravings over time for generic tasty food like
           | chocolate cake.
           | 
           | (I suspect it was the heme iron in the burger btw)
        
             | IWeldMelons wrote:
             | You should not switch straight to vegan, you should've
             | started with vegetarian.
        
           | IWeldMelons wrote:
           | I think you are torturing yourself and need to stop. I have
           | no craving for meat, and occasionally, when I am forced to
           | eat by cooks mistake or for social reasons (funerals etc.) I
           | feel uncomformatable as if I've eaten soap.
        
             | neilv wrote:
             | I'm not a quitter. :)
             | 
             | But seriously, after 25+ years, though some of the _taste_
             | of meat dishes would be good, the _idea_ of eating meat is
             | personally unappealing. Plus, I don 't know that my system
             | would even be able to process it. So, I'd expect to be
             | grossed out, have GI plumbing and nutrition problems, and
             | maybe frequent food poisoning.
             | 
             | I'm neutral on whether other people should go vegetarian,
             | but personally I feel stuck with it.
        
         | downut wrote:
         | I've been cooking community dinners for nearly 50 years,
         | including, for most of that, for
         | vegetarians/pescatarians/vegans. I even was camp cook on 4
         | week-long raft trips.
         | 
         | It never fails: someone wants a fake turkey, or fake bacon, or
         | fake burgers, or whatever. Unwrap the plastic, heat it up, it
         | sez on the label it's vegan. Also you omnivores are killing the
         | world.
         | 
         | So I now refuse absolutely to cook for vegetarians/vegans. I
         | always did make somebody else buy the fake industrial vegan
         | meat substitutes, and amazingly, I caught friction for that. My
         | wife and I are chemical engineers who have been inside quite a
         | few food processing plants and we refuse to touch the output of
         | those. I will eat potato chips every once in a while but
         | nothing vegan at all. I want my vices honest.
        
           | spondylosaurus wrote:
           | You don't eat anything "vegan"? Potato chips are vegan!
        
           | IWeldMelons wrote:
           | I apologise, but you sound ultraprovincial, like "dayumn
           | liberals" way. Vast majority of food non-vegans eat is vegan.
        
       | stevebmark wrote:
       | The only relevant study linked in the article is
       | https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanepe/article/PIIS2666-7...
       | 
       | > Plant-sourced UPF contribution showed a positive association
       | [with CVD risk]
       | 
       | The study is using an existing dataset on food recall. That
       | doesn't necessarily the results are correct or incorrect, but
       | it's lower on the pyramid of science quality. There is nothing
       | else of substance in this BBC article.
        
         | bsdz wrote:
         | I put the article through an SEO external link extractor and I
         | saw many more external links to various studies from various
         | organisations. Why are the other studies irrelevant?
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | Are you going to be specific, or make the person you're
           | replying to do all of the work? They told you what they
           | thought was relevant. If you've reviewed one of the others
           | and found it relevant, say which and why, and ask why they
           | disagree.
        
             | bsdz wrote:
             | The person I replied to had apparently already done that
             | work. That's why I asked the question. I haven't made any
             | judgements on which studies were relevant / irrelevant.
        
       | loeg wrote:
       | Ultra-processing is still not a real thing. There's no consistent
       | definition, there's no good scale of what is more or less
       | "processed" despite the name implying some degree of severity.
       | The actual definition is circular -- "if you already think it's
       | unhealthy, it's ultra-processed."
       | 
       | I'm all for dunking on the vegan lifestyle, but not through
       | pseudoscience.
        
         | reliablereason wrote:
         | There is the NOVA system used to classify food where category 4
         | is ultra processed food:
         | 
         | Monteiro, C., Cannon, G., Lawrence, M., Louzada, M. L., &
         | Machado, P. (2019). FAO. Ultra- processed foods, diet quality,
         | and health using the NOVA classification system.
         | 
         | But to add to that.. ultra processing is not the issue in
         | itself (well not if you use the definition as described in the
         | NOVA system), the issue is certain steps or ingredients used in
         | certain types of ultra processed foods. So blaming "ultra
         | processing" is technically an over generalisation.
        
       | xnx wrote:
       | "ultra-processed" is a non-specific scare term for more specific
       | descriptors, most specifically "low fiber". Foods with their
       | fiber removed are consumed faster, keep you feeling full for less
       | time (low satiety), and spike blood sugar more rapidly (higher
       | glycemic index). Seitan (gluten) is a useful source of
       | concentrated protein for those eating a plant-based diet.
        
       | GrantMoyer wrote:
       | Note that the Nova definition of "ultra-processed foods" includes
       | foods such as tofu and many unsweetened soymilks, along with
       | foods like potato chips and Oreos.
       | 
       | So the article discusses multiple studies which find increased
       | consumption plant origin ultra-processed foods is associated with
       | an increased risk of disease and mortality. Seperately, another
       | study found vegetarians and vegans eat a higher proportion of
       | ultra-processed foods than the general population.
       | 
       | Does the subset of ultra-processed foods of which vegetarians and
       | vegans eat more significantly overlap with the subset which
       | increases risk of disease and death? We don't know; that's not in
       | the data and the article doesn't discuss any articles linking
       | vegetarian and vegan diets to higher risk of disease and death.
       | What if vegetarians and vegans eat a ton more tofu and soymilk
       | but less potato chips and Oreos?
       | 
       | The article sort of adresses this, but not very directly. Also,
       | vegetarian and vegan diets are more of a footnote in the article;
       | it's more about ultra-proccessed foods in typical diets. And the
       | actual article title better reflects the focus, so I wonder why
       | the post changed it so significantly.
        
         | abdullahkhalids wrote:
         | In the supplementary information of the study, there is a Table
         | that breaks down the 22 food groups [1]. You can look at it
         | yourself, but below are the consumptions for the "unhealthy"
         | categories. Seems like Vegans eat more salty snacks and less
         | sweet/fatty food.                    |
         | | Meat-Eaters   | Vegetarians   | Vegans       |          |----
         | ------------------------------|---------------|---------------|
         | --------------|          | Salty snacks and crackers  (g/d) |
         | 3.69 +- 0.06   | 5.28 +- 0.34   | 10.50 +- 0.48 |          |
         | Sweet and fatty foods 6 (g/d)    | 125.00 +- 0.52 | 122.00 +-
         | 2.86 | 73.90 +- 4.00 |          | Sugary drinks (mL/d)
         | | 23.40 +- 0.48  | 27.10 +- 2.65  | 22.40 +- 3.71 |          |
         | Sugar-free drinks (x103 mL/d)    | 1.08 +- 4.16   | 1.14 +-
         | 22.70  | 1.05 +- 31.70 |
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002231662...
        
           | GrantMoyer wrote:
           | Sure, and the study even finds vegetarian and vegan diets
           | have a higher proportion of "healthy" foods overall. But as
           | far as I've found, neither that study nor the other linked
           | articles investigate which of these specific groups of foods
           | are linked to increased risk of disease and death (regardless
           | of how obvious it may seem for some of the groups), only
           | ultra-processed foods in general, which is a very broad
           | category.
        
       | cat_plus_plus wrote:
       | You will have to pry my pressure cooker out of my cold, dead
       | hands. "Processing" - it's another word for "cooking". Also I
       | love technological progress.
        
       | mensetmanusman wrote:
       | Processing damages long chain molecules, ie molecular weight
       | decreases.
       | 
       | Whether we evolved to handle this well is under study, but these
       | studies usually have too many confounding variables to make a
       | conclusion.
        
       | AStonesThrow wrote:
       | Everyone knows these lists of produce that enumerate the vitamins
       | and minerals they contain, and other beneficial micronutrients,
       | and so dietary recommendations often say, "try adding X to your
       | diet, because it's high in Ps and Qs!"
       | 
       | But I've become aware of issues like impoverished soil and the
       | concept of _terroir_. Many crops are grown outside of their
       | natural habitat, and who knows what 's gone on with their soil,
       | water, fertilizer, and general environment.
       | 
       | So I would say that whenever these plants were tested for levels
       | of micronutrients, I am dubious that those assessments hold true
       | throughout space and time, especially for minerals that would
       | necessarily be absorbed, rather than vitamins manufactured
       | through biological processes within the organism itself.
       | 
       | So I guess it's not wrong to fortify and process, if you're going
       | to add something back in that should've been there already.
        
       | 3np wrote:
       | Unnecessarily editorialied an misrepresentative title.
       | 
       | Original: "What explains increasing anxiety about ultra-processed
       | plant-based foods?"
       | 
       | TFA does not mention "veganism" even once.
        
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