[HN Gopher] How long til we're all on Ozempic?
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       How long til we're all on Ozempic?
        
       Author : thehoff
       Score  : 408 points
       Date   : 2024-10-11 17:06 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (asteriskmag.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (asteriskmag.com)
        
       | WheelsAtLarge wrote:
       | Statins are regularly given to people with high cholesterol. I
       | would bet that most older people take or qualify to take a
       | statin. If it happens with statins, therefore, it's not out of
       | the realm to think that most people will eventually be prescribed
       | GLP-1 to reduce weight which will improve overall health. It
       | makes sense.
        
         | zdragnar wrote:
         | Statins have gone through several prescribing guideline
         | revisions in the last 10-20 years. Many people were incorrectly
         | prescribed them and some have suffered for it.
         | 
         | Likewise, there can be serious complications when taking GLP-1
         | agonists and the like. Since they need to be taken in
         | perpetuity (many gain all weight lost upon stopping use) they
         | should be reserved for only people who have exhausted all other
         | opportunities.
         | 
         |  _Most_ people over 65 should not be on statins. _Most_ people
         | should not be taking GPL-1 agonists.
        
           | throwaway63467 wrote:
           | I'm just back from the US and watching some TV there in the
           | hotel it seems very much like they're pushing it into the
           | mainstream, they literally have a commercial where "fat"
           | people congregate in the street to march together picking up
           | Ozempic... So I totally assume it will be widespread in a few
           | years unless they discover some serious side effects.
        
             | zdragnar wrote:
             | Meh, you see commercials for all kinds of medicines in the
             | US. There's more being produced than your average general
             | practitioner can keep up with, so the manufacturers appeal
             | directly to consumers.
             | 
             | Given how ineffective it is once you stop, I'm personally
             | expecting it to become a relatively short lived fad.
             | Insurance companies won't cover it if it truly doesn't
             | improve health outcomes long term (throwing money down the
             | toilet) and people will learn to not pay out of pocket for
             | it.
             | 
             | There's a reason insurance companies are loath to cover it
             | for obesity now without prior authorization, which usually
             | requires you seeing a specialist who has ruled out the
             | usual suspects (nutrition and exercise changes).
        
           | sph wrote:
           | Pretty much no one should be taking statins. The side effects
           | are well studied, while the benefits are dubious at best.
           | 
           | For example: _high_ cholesterol levels is actually positively
           | correlated with longevity, believe it or not. If you consume
           | a diet low in sugars, thus routinely burning fat when fasted,
           | you will have  "high" cholesterol in blood. How do you think
           | fats are moved to cells in need? Through the blood, of
           | course.
           | 
           | I'd go so far as to say that statins are pretty much a scam,
           | that fixes a useless and quite complex metric such as
           | cholesterol levels. Given that cholesterol levels are a
           | diagnostic easily accessible to GPs, they prescribe statins
           | to see this figure go lower, even if it doesn't make the
           | person any healthier. Incidentally it's similar to taking
           | GLP-1 agonists instead of learning to have a healthier
           | relationship with food.
        
         | m0llusk wrote:
         | Statins are a good comparison because most end their use after
         | one or two years because of the side effects.
        
       | IncreasePosts wrote:
       | My biggest fear is either there will be long term negative
       | consequences to Ozempic et al, and a huge swath of the population
       | will be dealing with issues 30 years form now - OR - there will
       | be some long term positive consequence to using Ozempic et al,
       | and I'm not getting any of the benefits because I'm not
       | overweight.
        
         | sss111 wrote:
         | There were several side effects related to pancreatic cancer
         | associated with the precursors to GLP-1 drugs. The same
         | companies promoting GLP-1s were responsible for driving up
         | insulin prices. So I'm hedging my bets.
         | 
         | There's a really cool Modern MBA video [1] on this topic btw :)
         | 
         | [1]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7sUoZVke_30
        
           | cyberax wrote:
           | > There were several side effects related to pancreatic
           | cancer
           | 
           | In mice.
        
             | copperx wrote:
             | Did the drug help pancreatic cancer?
        
             | minifridge wrote:
             | If something causes cancer in mice, the curent consensus is
             | that it is deemed unsafe for humans.
        
               | cyberax wrote:
               | Not really. Mice are naturally genetically pre-disposed
               | to cancer.
               | 
               | So in general, if something _doesn't_ cause cancer in
               | mice, then it's probably safe for humans. The reverse is
               | not necessarily true.
               | 
               | Also, GLP-1 was associated with thyroid, not pancreatic
               | cancer.
        
             | akira2501 wrote:
             | Were they humanized mice or not?
        
             | the__alchemist wrote:
             | This is a good example of a _thought-terminating cliche_.
        
               | sss111 wrote:
               | nice, learned something new today, people use this so
               | often
        
               | cyberax wrote:
               | There used to be a Twitter bot that replied "in mice" to
               | all breathless tweets reporting on various studies.
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | >Large epidemiological studies have shown the link between
           | obesity and pancreatic cancer. A large population-based case-
           | control study of pancreatic cancer demonstrated that obesity
           | was associated with a statistically significant 50-60%
           | increased risk of pancreatic cancer.
           | 
           | So does obesity, so there is that.
        
         | BoingBoomTschak wrote:
         | Well, the negative consequence on the value of willpower is
         | pretty obvious. "In what measure" is the real question.
        
           | zarathustreal wrote:
           | Right, and the associated cultural impact of increasing
           | hedonism
        
             | cortesoft wrote:
             | I am confused as to how a drug that makes you want to
             | consume less would increase hedonism? It is basically an
             | anti-hedonism drug?
        
               | BoingBoomTschak wrote:
               | Hedonism is a philosophy that posits that pleasure is the
               | sole objective good and thus pain something bad.
               | 
               | This whole thing is about trying to find shortcuts to get
               | to the pleasure of having a nice body while circumventing
               | the pain and effort.
               | 
               | Pain and efforts are important, they forge character like
               | nothing else. If you want to live in a world where adult-
               | children simply take their soma to get what they want,
               | you're just not thinking about the consequences.
        
           | Spivak wrote:
           | You have the completely wrong take on this. Dieting destroys
           | your relationship with food. Basically every adult woman
           | exhibits some level of disordered eating because of it--
           | "girl dinner" is both funny because it's true and sad.
           | 
           | Being able to lose weight while continuing to eat is a
           | wonderful thing. There is no virtue in spending your
           | willpower making your body do something it desperately
           | doesn't want to do. That's some puritan shit.
        
             | Fauntleroy wrote:
             | It doesn't make you magically lose weight, it just gets you
             | closer to "girl dinnering" with less cognitive load. The
             | weight loss comes from eating less.
        
               | lukeschlather wrote:
               | Yeah, it's funny, Ozempic sounds utterly useless for me.
               | I know how to lose weight, it's dealing with the side
               | effects of weight loss that is tricky. And the side
               | effects of weight loss sound a lot like the side effects
               | of Ozempic.
        
               | Spivak wrote:
               | The difference is that it puts you in control of your
               | hunger and what/how much you eat. You don't build
               | negative associations with food while you're running a
               | deficit. You don't build the association "hunger/misery
               | means you're doing good and losing weight."
        
             | logicchains wrote:
             | >Basically every adult woman exhibits some level of
             | disordered eating because of it-- "girl dinner" is both
             | funny because it's true and sad
             | 
             | This is sexist and absolutely not true, there are plenty of
             | women capable of pre-planning what they're going to eat and
             | sticking with it. It's not "dieting", it's living a healthy
             | lifestyle and not regularly eating junk.
        
               | Spivak wrote:
               | My dude, I'm a woman talking about my experience with
               | myself and other women. Disordered eating is _rampant_.
               | It 's ingrained to the very core of how women are taught
               | to approach food. Denying food and starving yourself is
               | the default behavior.
        
             | johnrob wrote:
             | We are human animals. Our bodies need healthy food and
             | regular exercise. There's a case that diet and exercise are
             | worth willpower capacity, possibly more so than anything
             | else. That's just the reality we exist in?
        
               | pixl97 wrote:
               | Capitalism disagrees. I need you to work two extra hours
               | today. Also watch this advertisement for Tasty Snack!
               | We've spend a billion dollars of research to ensure you
               | eat this nibblet filled with 350% your daily sugar
               | requirement, 200% of your daily fat intake, and 3000% of
               | your recommended salt. Remember all the beautiful people
               | in the world are eating Tasty Snack! Sold in the impulse
               | buy isle near you.
        
             | zarathustreal wrote:
             | There is absolutely virtue in spending willpower to make
             | your body do something it doesn't want to do - maintaining
             | and developing self control and autonomy. Imagine if there
             | was no way to develop self-discipline, you'd be at the
             | whims of your environment and the world would be nothing
             | but chaos.
        
             | geoka9 wrote:
             | Normally dieting shouldn't be necessary to maintain healthy
             | weight though? One could eat a whole lot of salad (with
             | some serious dressing) and a piece of meat and even a
             | little starchy side (some potatoes or similar) 3 times a
             | day and not gain weight. Throw in some regular moderate
             | exercise and you're golden.
             | 
             | Granted, once you go past middle age, it can become a bit
             | more complicated.
             | 
             | Someone brought up doughnuts as an example, but that's a
             | ridiculous source of calories: I could probably down half a
             | dozen doughnuts (a daily calorie budget) and then go for a
             | normal meal afterwards.
             | 
             | Eating only becomes disordered if one can't be bothered to
             | eat healthy food as a rule and then freaks out about weight
             | gain as a result.
        
           | optimalsolver wrote:
           | You know the way that software bloat expands to consume
           | increased computational speed?
           | 
           | We're about to see the nutritional equivalent.
        
             | crooked-v wrote:
             | I don't understand how that analogy is supposed to work,
             | given that the basic mechanism of these drugs is to reduce
             | appetite (and possibly just desire in general).
        
             | petesergeant wrote:
             | We're about to see a dramatic fall in the production and
             | consumption of unhealthy food because people who used to
             | want them in large quantities will no longer want them when
             | they're on GLP-1 drugs.
        
               | ninalanyon wrote:
               | If this is the case and we believe that markets are
               | efficient we should surely soon be seeing a decline in
               | the stock price of McDonald's, etc.
               | 
               | If you are right then there should be money to be made by
               | shorting the stock.
        
               | pixl97 wrote:
               | >In October 2023, Walmart became one of the first
               | retailers to correlate Ozempic, food sales, and changing
               | habits. Using internal pharmacy and grocery data, the
               | study found that Ozempic is negatively affecting
               | Walmart's food sales. Measuring per-unit sales and
               | calories, the retail giant confirmed a long-held belief
               | that patients on GLP-1 drugs buy less food, particularly
               | within the sweets and snack food categories.
        
         | gedy wrote:
         | Keep in mind a lot of people who'd benefit from this may not
         | last another 30 years due to age or health issues due to weight
         | either.
        
           | m463 wrote:
           | right
           | 
           | the life expectancy of someone with bmi > 40 is -5 years
           | 
           | and for bmi > 50, -15 years.
           | 
           | So I suspect someone ~ 65 with high BMI should be on it, the
           | side effects would be: living.
        
         | mritchie712 wrote:
         | Has there ever been a case where something like #2 has
         | happened?
         | 
         | Don't think you need to worry about that one.
        
           | dustingetz wrote:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_fluoridation
        
             | logicchains wrote:
             | https://www.theguardian.com/us-
             | news/2024/oct/04/fluoridation...
        
               | UniverseHacker wrote:
               | I am an academic scientist and generally a careful and
               | skeptical person, but having read the peer reviewed
               | literature myself, I think there is enough evidence to be
               | concerned that water fluoridation at the levels currently
               | used could possibly be causing brain damage or
               | developmental issues. The evidence isn't that strong, but
               | it is strong enough that it would be unethical to
               | continue the practice, or to claim that there is nothing
               | to worry about. The dose/response curves seem to show
               | measurable levels of cognitive defects occurring right
               | around, or just above typical target levels for
               | fluoridation.
               | 
               | Personally, I give my kid water with the flouride
               | filtered out via RO, but will still use topical flouride,
               | e.g. toothpaste and treatments applied by a dentist.
               | 
               | I hate how issues like this are politicized... if I raise
               | this issue anywhere, including on here I expect to be
               | attacked for being a "conspiracy theorist" and "like an
               | anti-vaxxer" etc. There is something really wrong when
               | you aren't allowed to even talk about both sides of an
               | issue- especially if, like in my case, I have a doctorate
               | in the life sciences and am qualified to have my own
               | informed scientific opinion based on the evidence.
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | Is that an opinion formed on something inside your domain
               | of expertise?
        
               | UniverseHacker wrote:
               | It is not in any way related to my own area of research,
               | I looked into it as a parent wondering what would be best
               | for my own kid. However, there is not really that much
               | research out there on this- so I was able to review much
               | of the primary research, as well as various review
               | articles that try to consider all of it together.
               | 
               | How would you define "domain of expertise"? Reviewing
               | literature from other fields I don't research myself and
               | forming an opinion on how it applies to my research _is_
               | part of my job and something I do almost every day. I am
               | even also called upon to peer review articles and grant
               | proposals that are not within my direct field of
               | research, as is general practice to get  "outside
               | opinions."
               | 
               | In cases like this, I am able to be familiar with
               | basically everything published on the issue. However an
               | actual researcher in a specific field will have
               | additional knowledge and opinions from firsthand
               | experience, that cannot be found in literature.
               | 
               | In general, I think it is okay to have your own opinion
               | on something even if you aren't e.g. a professional whose
               | whole life is focused exactly on that one issue. No
               | formal training, credentials, or firsthand experience are
               | necessarily required to have an informed opinion.
               | However, you still have the burden of making sure you
               | really understand the issue deeply - which is probably
               | something like 100x the effort most people think it would
               | be. Anyone can do that if they take the time to do so. I
               | wish more people would.
               | 
               | In any case, this was a few years back when I looked into
               | it, and it seems like these concerns have become more
               | mainstream and less controversial in the last few years,
               | e.g. https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/publications/monographs/mg
               | raph08
        
               | rogerrogerr wrote:
               | It's totally reasonable to make this as a simple risk
               | balancing decision: "unknown but probably small risk, vs.
               | known and definitely small benefit" is not the kind of
               | fact pattern that we should persecute people for
               | differing on.
        
               | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
               | Rural children, who it stands to reason would be more
               | likely to not be drinking fluoridated water, have higher
               | odds of being overweight or obese than urban.
               | 
               | https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2023/23_0136.htm
        
             | fourside wrote:
             | Not sure that's apples to apples. Fluoride is a mineral.
             | IIRC, ozempic is closer to a hormone.
        
               | Jerrrrrrry wrote:
               | >Fluoride is a mineral.
               | 
               | Even noble gases can be psychoactive.
        
               | syndicatedjelly wrote:
               | Fluoride and fluorine are not the same thing, and
               | fluorine is not a noble gas
        
               | Jerrrrrrry wrote:
               | The implication to be thwarted was of "mineral" vs
               | "hormone"; the distinction was moot, as there is no such
               | real thing as a "drug" - all things are chemicals, and
               | can be psychoactive to humans in either their presence or
               | absence.
               | 
               | Most notably (in the context of un-intuitiveness), is
               | Xenon - it is't even a chemical, but an element - a noble
               | one, which is almost nonsensical given most's flawed
               | intuition.                 > fluorine is not a noble gas
               | 
               | Correct, although ironically it wasn't much use in direct
               | chemical-warfare, it was used more as a pre-cursor to
               | enrich Uranium.
        
               | syndicatedjelly wrote:
               | > Most notably (in the context of un-intuitiveness), is
               | Xenon - it is't even a chemical, but an element - a noble
               | one, which is almost nonsensical given most's flawed
               | intuition.
               | 
               | ...what?
               | 
               | I haven't the faintest clue what you're talking about. I
               | don't think you know what the word "psychoactive" means,
               | either. By your definition, water is psychoactive too. Is
               | that what you're suggesting?
        
           | rmellow wrote:
           | Adding iodine to salt has greatly increased the population's
           | IQ in countries that have adopted it.
           | 
           | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15734706/
        
           | crooked-v wrote:
           | Sure: the popularization of coffee across western Europe in
           | the 1600s and 1700s, and the way it replaced beer as the most
           | common daytime casual drink. Much of the population went from
           | spending all day mildly intoxicated to being mostly sober and
           | with a caffeine pick-me-up.
        
             | positr0n wrote:
             | Do you know if it was really most the population? Or just
             | most of the intellectuals, nobility, bourgeois, etc. Were
             | peasants coffee drinkers?
        
           | dtquad wrote:
           | There are some evidence that Ozempic/Wegovy actually cures
           | more addictions than just food addiction.
           | >The weight-loss jabs have apparently helped people kick
           | habits from smoking to shopping, although scientists remain
           | wary about recommending it as an addiction treatment
           | 
           | https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2023/05/ozempic-a.
           | ..
        
             | Ferret7446 wrote:
             | Which makes perfect sense. All addictions are basically*
             | the same thing, an outlet for negative emotion. The "drug"
             | of choice, whether that be food, video games, shopping,
             | etc. is fairly superficial. Often, people who "kick" one
             | addiction simply switch over to another addiction.
        
           | anigbrowl wrote:
           | Some athletes (especially weightlifters) use Tadalafil, an
           | erectile dysfunction drug, because it also promotes bone
           | density and muscle growth while having few observable side
           | effects. This isn't really surprising, it's basically just a
           | mild vasodilator. A better known drug in the same class
           | Sildenafil (aka Viagra) is less mild, and associated with
           | retinal damage if overused.
        
         | Blackthorn wrote:
         | Going by the results around addiction, I'm betting on #2 with
         | reduced alcohol consumption.
        
         | fourside wrote:
         | I'm skeptical of the idea that across the general population
         | we'd be healthier if we dialed up our insulin production.
         | Serious question but has there ever been a case of humans
         | benefitting from increasing a hormone like this? Since it's an
         | injection, It wouldn't be a steady increase, but more likely
         | have bursts of it. I don't know how healthy that would be in
         | the long run.
         | 
         | After what happened with OxyContin I think wed benefit from
         | some skepticism when a new drug gets oversold.
        
           | aantix wrote:
           | GLP-1's have been around since 2005. Exenatide.
           | 
           | They're not new.
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | > Serious question but has there ever been a case of humans
           | benefitting from increasing a hormone like this?
           | 
           | By itself this might be an ok question, but in context it's
           | rather useless....
           | 
           | Diet and obesity changes by both lowering and increasing
           | different hormone outputs in your body. You're balancing the
           | question of "how is this hormone" versus "How bad is obesity
           | on the body". Well, the answer is in, obesity is extremely
           | unhealthy on the body in both the short and long term.
           | 
           | Drug overdoses cause somewhere around 100k deaths per year in
           | the US. Obesity complications related deaths are in the
           | 250-300k deaths per year.
           | 
           | You can be skeptical as you want, but behind smoking, obesity
           | is the worst epidemic in the US.
        
         | gcr wrote:
         | I can understand this perspective. You're looking at it with
         | healthy eyes.
         | 
         | But for fat people, the calculus looks different.
         | 
         | A decision to take semaglutides is a decision between the long-
         | term negative effects of obesity *now*, or the possibility of
         | long-term negative effects *later.*
         | 
         | Anecdotally, trans people have a similar calculus. Going
         | unmedicated/unsupported brings significant mental health risk
         | _now_ [1], whereas going on hormone replacement may or may not
         | cause complications much later in life (osteoperosis,
         | hepotoxicity issues for some treatments, etc).
         | 
         | Either way, you gotta get to the "later in life" part before
         | you can worry about the outlook there.
         | 
         | 1: a CDC meta-review said that 26% of surveyed US trans
         | students attempted suicide this year, N=20,103 surveyed, ~660
         | of which were trans. https://archive.ph/0H81G
        
           | jncfhnb wrote:
           | I was curious and a bit skeptical that sex change operations
           | materially affected suicide rates for trans people but
           | available papers tended to find significant effect sizes of
           | about 50% reduction
        
             | 0x1ceb00da wrote:
             | Did that study account for the socioeconomic status of the
             | participants? Common sense suggests that people who can
             | afford to undergo such surgeries would tend to be richer,
             | more supported, and from better neighborhoods.
        
               | tjohns wrote:
               | There's certainly room for more research here, but some
               | of them do attempt to account for other socioeconomic
               | factors.
               | 
               | It's worth noting that surgery isn't the only option.
               | Hormone therapy has also shown to reduce suicide risk,
               | which is more accessible across socioeconomic strata.
               | 
               | There's a meta-analysis here:
               | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10027312/
        
             | jlawson wrote:
             | The data is poor quality. It's not like you can randomize
             | who gets a sex change operation. And there are major issues
             | with even knowing who to count when people can just decide
             | they're not trans any more. All the research on this is
             | riven with such unhandled problems.
             | 
             | The research is also highly motivated. A researcher who
             | found that sex change operations were harmful would be
             | targeted for endless harassment by gender activists, if
             | they could get published at all.
        
               | jncfhnb wrote:
               | The effect sizes here are huge and seemingly hold when
               | controlling for the typical factors such as socioeconomic
               | status. They appear to hold both across groups that did
               | not seek treatment and those that did AND in follow up
               | studies checking the rates of how feelings (e.g.
               | ideation) evolve over time for each group. It's ok to
               | raise concerns about confounding variables but the
               | hypotheses here for such a huge effect size seem limited.
               | 
               | The fact that people can decide they're not trans is not
               | particularly material. This is very uncommon.
               | 
               | The conspiracy that such research must be politically
               | motivated is a contrived argument and also falsely paints
               | a dichotomy of saying that it must either help or harm.
               | My assumption before doing the research was that they
               | would find no effect.
        
               | edmundsauto wrote:
               | > The research is also highly motivated. A researcher who
               | found that sex change operations were harmful would be
               | targeted for endless harassment by gender activists, if
               | they could get published at all.
               | 
               | A researcher who found this would be feted by the
               | conservative/evangelical wing of the US political
               | spectrum. They would stand to make a ton of money in the
               | book and personal appearance circuit.
        
           | 0x1DEADCA0 wrote:
           | No, they're making a choice between the long-term negative
           | effects of not losing weight naturally, vs the possibility of
           | long-term negative effects of using artificial methods. This
           | isn't polemic, as even things as basic as birth control and
           | advil have negative long term effects.
        
             | gcr wrote:
             | I think we're saying the same thing? The only difference is
             | that I personally don't believe that self-control is
             | sufficient for everyone to lose weight. If you do believe
             | that, then the risk estimates become much easier.
        
             | yard2010 wrote:
             | Some people cannot lose weight naturally. So the question
             | stands: what is the least bad alternative?
        
               | throwaway743950 wrote:
               | Maybe it's harder, but I don't think anyone is immune to
               | calorie restriction.
        
               | tjohns wrote:
               | And yet, statistically, caloric restriction has one of
               | the worst success rates in modern medicine.
               | 
               | Depending on which study you look at, up to 80% of people
               | who attempt lifestyle modification end up gaining the
               | weight right back.
               | 
               | So yes, it's theoretically possible for everyone under
               | ideal circumstances, but in the real world most people
               | don't succeed. We can argue over why that happens - but
               | the statistics remain.
               | 
               | So again... given these abysmal odds, for the 80% of
               | people who try and (repeatedly) fail at lifestyle
               | modification, what is the least bad alternative?
        
           | croissants wrote:
           | Tangential, but
           | 
           | > 1: a CDC meta-review said that 26% of surveyed US trans
           | students attempted suicide this year, N=20,103 surveyed, ~660
           | of which were trans. https://archive.ph/0H81G
           | 
           | This paper also finds that 5% of cisgender male and 11% of
           | cisgender female students (out of ~8k surveyed for each)
           | attempted suicide in the past year. It's kind of strange,
           | because the age <=18 suicide rate (of "completed" attempts)
           | is much smaller, approximately 1 in 5,000 to 1 in 10,000 [1].
           | 
           | [1] https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/vsrr/vsrr024.pdf, Figure 3
        
         | al_borland wrote:
         | > I'm not getting any of the benefits because I'm not
         | overweight.
         | 
         | You're already benefiting.
        
         | bryanlarsen wrote:
         | > a huge swath of the population will be dealing with issues 30
         | years form now
         | 
         | We've got 20 years of data on this class of drug. Certainly
         | there could be some long term issues that we're not aware of
         | yet, but it's not likely that there are significant issues that
         | affect a large percentage of users after 30 years that didn't
         | affect the small sample of users that have been using it for 20
         | years or the massive number of users that have been using it
         | for 10.
        
           | DonnyV wrote:
           | How much of the data was done independent and how much was
           | done by the same company or companies that benefit from it?
           | We've seen this before. How many decades did people take
           | aspirin thinking it was good for you to take everyday. How
           | many decades did people drink wine thinking it was good for
           | you in small dosage? How many people smoked using it as an
           | appetite suppressant not knowing the long term effects?
           | 
           | The list goes on forever. I'm betting this ends the same way.
        
             | pixl97 wrote:
             | How much data do we have on obesity and the effects of it?
        
             | vessenes wrote:
             | Dude, the mortality rates go up at least linearly, maybe
             | super-linearly, to weight over a certain amount. It's not
             | like some mythical / hard to read / later benefit. This is
             | a drug that radically changes those risks NOW, really
             | quickly. It's a different matter than aspirin (helpful if
             | heart disease is a real risk, otherwise no) or wine or
             | smoking, both of which people have a strong interest in
             | thinking of as good for you.
        
         | bee_rider wrote:
         | Medical FOMO? I wouldn't worry too much about it, I mean, there
         | are hypothetical upsides to countless decisions we haven't
         | made, right? We always miss some chances in life.
        
         | anigbrowl wrote:
         | _OR - there will be some long term positive consequence to
         | using Ozempic et al, and I 'm not getting any of the benefits
         | because I'm not overweight_
         | 
         | Who the fuck cares? If you're not overweight and are reasonably
         | then you're already winning in physiological terms. If you can
         | maintain a good quality of life into old age and then die, what
         | more do you want? Going through life worrying about whether
         | you're missing out on some marginal health benefit from the
         | drug-of-the-moment is neurotic.
        
           | pajeets wrote:
           | i think overweightness should be seen more as a symptom and I
           | share parent's concerns about ozempic's long term side
           | effects being unknowable in the present
           | 
           | all in all general unease about dealing with symptoms and not
           | the root cause of overweightness except in rare genetic
           | cases, its overwhelmingly a dietary/exercise issue.
           | 
           | in this country the pill/drug is the answer and solution to
           | everything but all this does is pile on more bandages without
           | addressing the root cause which a very American solution.
           | 
           | I do not think the full ramifications are realized or
           | knowable when there are profits to be made on both side of
           | the fence, sort of like the whole opiate crisis in America
           | started out as magazine ads blew up into a major crisis 20~30
           | years later.
        
         | julianeon wrote:
         | But consider the tradeoff: it's okay to have serious health
         | issues in 30 years, if you were projected to die in 20 years
         | without it.
        
         | thr0waway001 wrote:
         | That's why I haven't taken it. I'm probably a guy who should.
         | Overweight, with kidney disease person who, if I became
         | diabetic, it would probably kill me.
         | 
         | I'm not, someone who doesn't really need it. For example, some
         | average weight housewife who just wants to fit in a dress a
         | little better.
         | 
         | And still, I won't use it even though I can afford it cause
         | it's the long term consequences are not entirely understood.
        
       | rqtwteye wrote:
       | It's a pretty sad thought that everybody will be on a drug that
       | keeps weight in check while most people will still eat a
       | basically toxic diet. Weight is certainly an important factor but
       | there is more to a healthy life.
        
         | habitue wrote:
         | Seems like just an orthogonal problem? If calorie input is
         | solved, now all the moralizing and shaming can be about
         | nutrition instead
        
           | mock-possum wrote:
           | And make no mistake we _will_ find something new to moralize
           | and shame about because _that's what we do_
        
         | asib wrote:
         | Sure, but the "unhealthy but not excessively caloric" diet is
         | not a problem ozempic attempts to address. As far as I
         | understand, it simply limits your appetite. Potentially one can
         | go on ozempic, lose weight, and still end up eating
         | unhealthily, because the resulting diet is made up of
         | nutritionally poor foods.
        
           | MBCook wrote:
           | No, but if it helps avoid the discussion because the very
           | visible side effect is lessened, then in some ways things are
           | worse. No squeaky wheel.
           | 
           | I'm glad it's available for those who need it. But I agree
           | with GP that there is another discussion we need to be having
           | too we've avoided for far far too long.
        
             | Blackthorn wrote:
             | "visible side effect", dude, modern food is _fortified to
             | the hilt_. If you 're overeating on calories it's tough to
             | have a deficiency in most places!
        
               | MBCook wrote:
               | I wasn't talking about nutrients at all. I was referring
               | to the problems of over processed foods with lots of
               | chemicals to increase shelf life and improve color and
               | make them more addictive.
               | 
               | I'm not against Ozempic. But without it maybe the
               | continued expansion of the obesity epidemic would have
               | pushed the discussion.
               | 
               | If this accidentally prevents that discussion, I think
               | that's a problem. I'm not suggesting any change to the
               | drug's availability. Only concern over an important
               | discussion.
        
               | Blackthorn wrote:
               | > But without it maybe the continued expansion of the
               | obesity epidemic would have pushed the discussion.
               | 
               | It's been forty years, how much longer would it take to
               | admit that's not happening?
        
               | MBCook wrote:
               | Maybe it's naive. But it's getting harder and harder to
               | ignore, and worse and worse.
               | 
               | As we export our food to more and more places, it starts
               | to happen to them.
               | 
               | I hear about people who take trips to Europe. They eat a
               | ton, feel better, and lose weight.
               | 
               | They get back home, start eating food here (even healthy
               | food) and feel worse again. Gain it back despite eating
               | less.
               | 
               | We've tried ignoring it. We've tried blaming genetics,
               | character, fat in foods, sugar, and willpower. But none
               | of those have explained/fixed it. Because I don't think
               | that's the problem.
               | 
               | I want the evidence to keep piling up. I don't want
               | anyone to suffer unnecessarily, but I don't want a new
               | excuse to stop progress again.
               | 
               | It doesn't have to be either/or. But if we give up the
               | chance for the debate because a new miracle drug "solved"
               | it nothing will change.
        
           | giantg2 wrote:
           | And the argument you are replying to is that it's just
           | covering up a symptom and not addressing the root problem
           | holistically. Ozempic isn't a fix, it's a bandaid.
        
             | sokoloff wrote:
             | Bandaids serve a genuinely useful health-promoting purpose.
             | I suspect we'll find the same is true of GLP-1s even if it
             | only addresses part of the entire problem.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Only when applied correctly and with other interventions.
               | Using ozempic without diet and exercise changes is like
               | putting a bandaid on a .5" deep wound without sterilizing
               | it.
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | because ozempic reduces the food cravings, patients are
               | able to implement and stick with a diet change. it's not
               | like "put down that cheeseburger and have a salad" is
               | something they haven't heard before and haven't
               | internalized already, it's just their brain won't do it.
               | ozempic gives them the space on their brain to actually
               | do it.
        
               | ProfessorLayton wrote:
               | The drug works by suppressing appetite. Eating less of
               | the same things is still a dietary change.
               | 
               | Exercise is recommended for everyone, regardless of
               | weight.
        
             | hombre_fatal wrote:
             | Sure, but so what? Until we can permanently change aspects
             | of our brain, like our proclivity for addiction, then all
             | interventions are bandaids on top of an underlying problem.
             | 
             | Even behavioral changes like avoiding fast food don't fix
             | the underlying problem in your brain. It's topical.
             | 
             | It's amazing how the subject of Ozempic brings out such
             | trivial claims uttered with a serious face.
        
               | eightysixfour wrote:
               | The "obesity is a moral failing" argument has an
               | exceptionally strong hold on people.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Way to strawman. That's not what I said.
        
               | eightysixfour wrote:
               | Alright, what is the root cause we are putting a band-aid
               | on, exactly?
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | The combination of bad diet and lack of exercise.
               | Specifically in the context of this conversation, its
               | about how ozempic will not fix a bad diet. Eating less of
               | a bad diet is better than eating more of a bad diet, but
               | is still a bad diet in the end.
        
               | eightysixfour wrote:
               | Right - why do people eat a bad diet?
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Preference
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | And using ozempic without those diet changes is the same
               | damn thing. You need to work on it from both directions.
        
             | mrweasel wrote:
             | > Ozempic isn't a fix, it's a bandaid.
             | 
             | My original impression was that it was suppose to be a
             | crutch, helping you get started on a healthy lifestyle. So
             | if you are to heavy to exercise without hurting yourself it
             | could help you lose that initial weight. Or it can help you
             | with your appetit, while you adjust your diet.
             | 
             | You also can't stay on Ozempic, you have to continuously
             | increase you dose to get the same effect, so it's simply
             | not viable to keep taking it for an extend period of time.
             | That's at least the impression I've been getting from
             | talking to people working at pharmacies.
        
             | kelseyfrog wrote:
             | That's great. We still give crutches to people who break
             | their legs and bandaids to people with wounds. We don't
             | tell them that being completely healed is better than using
             | those aids.
        
           | jprete wrote:
           | Ozempic does not simply limit your appetite, it seems to also
           | affect how much reward your brain feels from different foods
           | (and activities!), which would make it easier to override
           | those anticipated rewards with conscious choices.
        
         | kelseyfrog wrote:
         | From my understanding GLP-1 agonists can actually modulate the
         | reward pathway reducing people's appetite for toxic diets.
         | 
         | We're not socially caught up yet to this information. I suspect
         | there are folks who believe that regardless of similar outcome
         | (reduction of toxic diet), that changing diet without
         | medication is superior to those who change their behavior
         | through pharmacological intervention. It's like the pre-1990s
         | view on depression or anxiety - chemical intervention is a
         | moral weakness.
        
           | andrewmcwatters wrote:
           | You can literally do the same thing by eating a healthy diet
           | for 2-4 weeks.
        
             | hombre_fatal wrote:
             | That's a trivial claim about any medication that changes
             | behavior. You can achieve the same thing that the
             | medication does by "just" having different behavior.
        
               | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
               | Have you considered that maybe it is an evolutionary
               | trait that it is hard to do certain things? That the
               | people who can expend the effort and discipline, perhaps
               | have a better configuration than those that can't or
               | don't?
        
               | hombre_fatal wrote:
               | Sure. People say the same thing about ADHD.
               | 
               | The question is how a trait fares in the modern world.
               | 
               | Maybe a trait was useful to an ancestor but not to you
               | today trying to navigate a calorie rich world of
               | convenience. Just like a trait useful to a nomadic hunter
               | might work against you when you're expected to sit at a
               | desk job if you want to make the money necessary to
               | fulfill your ambitions.
               | 
               | It may very well be the case that we end up medicating
               | away traits that were useful at some point in our lineage
               | but not today. I just don't see how it matters much
               | beyond the thought exercise.
        
               | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
               | I don't think that's a great comparison.
               | 
               | Have you wondered why ADHD has exploded?
               | 
               | Have you not realized how many people at hacker news are
               | on SSRIs? Watch this comment, you will.
        
               | filoleg wrote:
               | The exact same argument can be applied to literally any
               | medical issue, and it is a pointless one.
               | 
               | Someone has an elevated risk of skin cancer due to their
               | genetics? Probably an evolutionary trait that it is more
               | likely for some people to get skin cancer within their
               | lifetime. That doesn't mean that using sunscreen and
               | providing those people with related medical care (if the
               | need arises) is some crime against nature and will end up
               | hurting evolutionary prospects of the human race.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | > Someone has an elevated risk of skin cancer due to
               | their genetics? Probably an evolutionary trait that it is
               | more likely for some people to get skin cancer within
               | their lifetime.
               | 
               | More than probably, it's called "being white".
               | 
               | (And we evolved that for more vitamin D?)
        
               | vundercind wrote:
               | Weird that the ones skinnier foreigners with a "better
               | configuration" get genetically altered (I guess) to a
               | worse configuration when they move to the US, then.
        
               | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
               | IDK what you mean, but if it isn't clear to anyone that
               | our food is poison, it should be.
               | 
               | My complaint is getting addicted to pharma because we're
               | addicted to toxic food.
        
               | vundercind wrote:
               | My point is that skinny populations don't seem to be
               | skinnier than the US population due to greater
               | genetically-backed willpower (better "configuration"). At
               | least, if it's a factor, it's overwhelmed by other
               | factors, it seems.
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | hilariously, the toxic food companies are worried that
               | ozemic will kill their profits. Maybe the pharma industry
               | can fight the food industry conglomerates.
               | 
               | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-10-07/ozempi
               | c-f...
               | 
               | https://www.wsj.com/business/ozempic-impact-snack-food-
               | compa...
               | 
               | https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2023/10/09/ozempi
               | c-w...
               | 
               | https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/05/investing/ozempic-food-
               | compan...
        
             | Chernobog wrote:
             | Not to argue for or against Ozempic, but there is a
             | difference between what motivated individuals can achieve
             | on their own, and what one can expect of the general
             | population.
        
             | mock-possum wrote:
             | Do you have the time to seek out and keep healthy food? Can
             | you afford it? Do you have the executive function and
             | impulse control etc to bring to bear the necessary self
             | discipline?
             | 
             | You're making some pretty casual assumptions about people's
             | abilities.
        
             | vundercind wrote:
             | Studies show nothing but high-touch interventions by
             | specialists actually works for losing weight and keeping it
             | off for a study cohort (i.e. might represent a population-
             | level solution).
             | 
             | These are impractically expensive and _still_ less
             | effective than one might expect.
             | 
             | Researchers seem to be eager about the promise of
             | supplementing the very-best programs they've been able to
             | find... with GLP-1 agonists. Because that might finally
             | make them _really_ effective.
             | 
             | That's how bad the entire body of _all other solutions
             | we've looked at_ is.
        
             | outworlder wrote:
             | > You can literally do the same thing by eating a healthy
             | diet for 2-4 weeks.
             | 
             | You have been downvoted, but that's true(and supported by
             | evidence and science). Statistically, what most people have
             | is sugar addiction. Simple carbs in general completely mess
             | up your hunger hormones.
             | 
             | The problem is that most people don't know what a healthy
             | diet is. The food pyramid isn't it. Drinking a bunch of
             | juice isn't it. Cereal is candy. They try "eating healthy",
             | fail (not realizing what they are eating isn't healthy at
             | all) and give up.
        
             | cthalupa wrote:
             | If all it took to get the same feeling of GLP-1 agonists
             | was success at the diet for 2-4 weeks, I would have a lot
             | less experience being successful at diets for 2-4 weeks. A
             | whole lot less.
        
           | mrweasel wrote:
           | > GLP-1 agonists can actually modulate the reward pathway
           | reducing people's appetite for toxic diets.
           | 
           | There are also studies out showing that people just up their
           | sugar intake, so I think the results on how it affects
           | peoples diet is still pending. From what I've seen, people
           | are eating less, but more of it is junk food and sugar.
           | 
           | I can absolutely see why people would want to be able to just
           | take a drug and start losing weight, it's hard. My concern is
           | that it takes more than a low body weight to be healthy. You
           | still need exercise, and while that's not an effective
           | weight-lose solution, it is something that most would add
           | when trying to lose weight, and now they're missing out on
           | that part. Arguably exercise is more important than your
           | weight.
        
             | kelseyfrog wrote:
             | > Arguably exercise is more important than your weight
             | 
             | I'm curious to hear the argument
        
               | mrweasel wrote:
               | Exercise strengths your cardiovascular system, immune
               | system, improves bone strength, builds muscle (which
               | helps you as you age, preventing the risk of falling and
               | fall related injury), improves mental health, reduces
               | stress. If your in good physical shape, it's less of an
               | issue if you carry around a little extra fat.
               | 
               | You can still be in bad health, even if your weight is
               | spot on, but it's rare that you exercise a lot, but is
               | overall unhealthy.
        
               | kelseyfrog wrote:
               | In terms of tangible outcomes, it helps you live longer
               | or something compared to weight loss? greater reported
               | life satisfaction? Or is this more of a personal value?
        
           | akira2501 wrote:
           | > chemical intervention is a moral weakness.
           | 
           | As a default it is. And that's what it became. We stopped
           | trying any other methods. Come in the door, have a set of
           | symptoms that check all the boxes, walk out in 30 minutes
           | with a prescription, doctor's office gets a bonus.
           | Institutional psychiatric treatment is drugs first actual
           | treatment later.
           | 
           | This is a _social_ problem. It should be discussed and
           | addressed as such. You should not attempt to pervert this
           | concern into an _individual_ issue in an effort to invoke a
           | needless moral defense.
        
             | crooked-v wrote:
             | > As a default it is.
             | 
             | Why?
        
               | akira2501 wrote:
               | Are chemical interventions designed with the best
               | outcomes for the patient or the best outcomes for
               | society? I suspect it's the latter. It's cheap and if
               | you're lucky it's effective. When it goes bad it can ruin
               | lives and families. As a _default_ it's a moral weakness.
               | 
               | Is this a solvable problem? Yes, but it's monumental,
               | encompassing everything from the way we structure our
               | civil society and work life from the forms of food and
               | entertainment that we incidentally or directly subsidize.
               | 
               | We accidentally built something gross. It moves really
               | fast, though.
        
               | kelseyfrog wrote:
               | Just some notes. This would be a lot easy to take this
               | seriously if it wasn't seeped in moral purity. It is
               | rhetorically unappetizing.
               | 
               | Re-wording it so that you say your end goal was better
               | outcomes for people and restructuring society to achieve
               | that is a noble goal. It's easier for people to want to
               | agree with than being a moral policeman.
        
             | triceratops wrote:
             | If it's a social problem then the non-pharmaceutical cure
             | is obviously not white-knuckling a diet and exercise
             | regimen individually. It needs a holistic, society-level
             | solution. More time off work, less car-dependent suburbs,
             | more bike lanes and subsidies for bikes, more agricultural
             | subsidies for healthy food and less for corn. Realistically
             | we aren't going to get those things.
        
               | akira2501 wrote:
               | > not white-knuckling a diet and exercise regimen
               | individually
               | 
               | Obesity rates have not been constant. There are clearly
               | multiple modes to this problem and history suggests that
               | this class of people is the minority of the visible
               | issue.
               | 
               | > more bike lanes and subsidies for bikes
               | 
               | You don't need this so much as you need roundabouts and
               | actual _human_ scale infrastructure in cities. Some
               | smaller towns in the midwest got the memo from Europe and
               | are starting to adapt easily.
               | 
               | > more agricultural subsidies for healthy food and less
               | for corn
               | 
               | I think the amount of subsidy overall is a problem. I
               | think we could to take another page from Europe and start
               | banning food additives. We can stop classifying highly
               | processed foods as foods and instead as desserts and tax
               | them appropriately. A lot of this is already in motion.
               | 
               | > Realistically we aren't going to get those things.
               | 
               | We used to have these things. I don't understand your
               | position of social excuse couched in social pessimism. So
               | instead of addressing the problem just accept that
               | pharmaceutical and insurance companies will now enrich
               | themselves off this created problem?
               | 
               | You know, we can solve _two_ problems at once, if GLP-1
               | has some short term benefit then great, but to plan on it
               | existing in the long term for weight management is utter
               | madness.
        
         | Karrot_Kream wrote:
         | There's a decent amount of evidence that the most toxic thing
         | about modern diets is their amounts: calorie counts and such.
         | Many things (sugars, ultra-processed foods (ugh I hate the NOVA
         | classification), fat, etc) are fine in moderation. The dose
         | makes the poison.
        
         | Fernicia wrote:
         | Is it fundamentally any different from something like
         | toothpaste?
         | 
         | Humans have created a technology (mechanised farming) with a
         | side effect we haven't yet evolved to handle (an abundance of
         | tasty calories), so it doesn't seem all that strange we would
         | fix it with a technology (inhibiting the desire for said
         | calories).
        
         | lostmsu wrote:
         | I think your statement is very funny. If the drug keeps weight
         | in check on a toxic diet and that has the same outcome as
         | "healthy life", then is that "healthy life" any more healthy
         | then the drug+junkfood combo? Also, what is sad about it?
        
         | dr_dshiv wrote:
         | It's not clear to me that this is the case.
         | 
         | People in the Netherlands eat such shit food -- but they are so
         | healthy because they move a lot and aren't obese.
         | 
         | I'm not sure that food quality is as important as we sometimes
         | hope it is (after all, we pay for quality)
        
         | intothemild wrote:
         | I've been on wegovy for almost two years now, and I can attest
         | to how much you just DONT want to eat junk anymore. It's one of
         | the most commonly talked about things we discuss with other
         | users over the last few years. That and lower want to drink,
         | and gaining back so much of energy/time due to not having to
         | think about food every 3 seconds of the day.
         | 
         | I'm super satisfied just having an apple or two now. The "omg I
         | need to eat, ohh a burger" is gone.
        
           | chankstein38 wrote:
           | I'm not arguing at all here but just wanted to say, I've
           | noticed similar effects just focusing on eating healthier
           | over the last few years. I haven't taken anything to help I
           | just wanted to stop eating poorly and now adays it's not
           | "shove the entire box of cookies in my mouth" it's "have 1
           | cookie and don't finish it because it's too rich" and I
           | haven't eaten fast food in as long as I can remember. I used
           | to see a McDonald's french fry commercial or just think about
           | them and need McDonald's. Now I see it and go "ah they were
           | good but eh" and move on with my life.
           | 
           | Glad you're seeing benefits like that!
        
         | snarf21 wrote:
         | Serious question: Why not make toxic diet illegal or cost
         | prohibitive? Lots of manufactured food is designed to be more
         | addictive. Then add in constant advertising bombardment
         | targeted at kids. Why is there up to double the sugar in US
         | bread and soda versus Europe?
        
           | steveBK123 wrote:
           | The politics of legislating diet are very fraught, let alone
           | the implementation is incredible complicated.
           | 
           | Even blue state dem voters I know used to whinge about
           | Michelle Obama and her veggies lol.
        
         | cyberax wrote:
         | > basically toxic diet
         | 
         | This is a bullshit term. Even fast food is not "toxic", it's
         | just calorie-dense.
         | 
         | I got overweight eating nothing but "healthy" diet because I
         | have never _liked_ fast food.
        
         | petesergeant wrote:
         | > while most people will still eat a basically toxic diet
         | 
         | It's a pretty sadder fact that people just make these wild
         | assertions. Everyone I know (which is about 10 people in real
         | life, myself included) who's used a GLP-1 drug found that they
         | eat healthier because they've less desire for shittier food.
        
         | outworlder wrote:
         | > while most people will still eat a basically toxic diet.
         | 
         | Had to scroll too far to find this. It's a great synergy isn't
         | it? The food industry creates calorie concoctions that can
         | barely be called food, are dirt cheap to make and rakes in
         | profits. People get sick. The pharmaceutical industry sells
         | drugs are stupid high profit margins so that people can keep on
         | living.
         | 
         | It is not a conspiracy, but it's a good feedback loop for
         | corporations. All that money allow them to flood the scientific
         | community with their sponsored studies, dominate news
         | broadcasts (confusing consumers) and even influence the food
         | pyramid, which is almost upside down.
         | 
         | I've been on a slow quest to improve health and lose weight.
         | It's really, really slow, far slower than what most people
         | would like. But cutting added sugars to zero (including and
         | most especially high fructose corn syrup) gave almost immediate
         | benefits that kept me going. Sugars (and carbs in general) make
         | you retain a lot of water. Cut those, and you'll see a major
         | difference in the scale in a couple of weeks. Is it mostly
         | water(but not entirely!) Yes. It doesn't matter, our lizard
         | brains interpret that as success. That also reduces hunger,
         | which is a positive feedback loop.
        
       | jaredwiener wrote:
       | FWIW, I was prescribed a GLP-1, but my insurance will not cover
       | it. It's incredibly expensive out of pocket.
        
         | gadflyinyoureye wrote:
         | Only in the US. Other countries are like 90% less expensive.
         | However, Medicare might try to get better deal since the next
         | round of deal making can include it since the drug is 7 years
         | old.
         | 
         | https://slate.com/technology/2023/07/ozempic-costs-a-lot-it-...
        
         | hombre_fatal wrote:
         | What about compounding pharmacies like Hims.com? It's $400/mo
         | month to month but $200/mo if you pay a year upfront.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | $400/mo will get you tirzepatide (zepbound), if you're okay
           | with semaglutide (ozempic) it'll probably be about half that.
           | 
           | Although tirzepatide just got knocked off the shortage list
           | last week so it could become harder to get in compounded
           | form.
        
       | gandalfian wrote:
       | Seven years, December 2031. That's when the patent expires, the
       | kinks and side effects will have been found/ironed out and it
       | becomes a cheap plentiful generic. I'm healthy enough to wait.
        
       | apsec112 wrote:
       | This compares Ozempic with past drugs, but sales of past drugs
       | are almost always limited by demand. I'm not sure there's much to
       | learn here for a drug that is limited by supply. Also, this part
       | is silly:
       | 
       | "The announced investments across both companies total $32
       | billion. GLP-1s were 71% of Novo's revenue in 2023, 16% of
       | Lilly's in 2023, and 26% of Lilly's in 2024Q1. If these sales are
       | proportional to the manufacturing capacity used to create those
       | drugs, then about 40% of Novo and Lilly's combined estimate of
       | $45 billion in gross PP&E is for GLP-1s, for a total of $18
       | billion; $25 billion would then mean a 140% increase in
       | GLP-1-relevant PP&E."
       | 
       | Manufacturing investment is not proportional to sales, because
       | there's a fixed cost to making a certain drug regardless of how
       | much you sell. If a rare-disease drug will have a few thousand
       | patients ever - not uncommon! - you still need to figure out a
       | synthesis path for that particular drug, run QC tests on the
       | production line, get regulatory approval, etc. Economies of scale
       | matter a lot
       | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experience_curve_effects).
        
         | cubefox wrote:
         | And apparently the pure manufacturing cost for Ozempic is
         | relatively low:
         | 
         | > the active drug in Ozempic can be produced for about 29 cents
         | for a month's supply, or 7.2 cents for a typical weekly dose,
         | the research found. It's not cheap to make -- semaglutide costs
         | over $70,000 per kilogram. But only a tiny quantity of the drug
         | is used in each weekly dose.
         | 
         | > https://fortune.com/europe/2024/03/28/ozempic-maker-novo-
         | nor...
         | 
         | I think this makes it likely that strongly ramping up the
         | supply is not a major problem.
        
           | rory wrote:
           | By chance I just talked to someone with deeper knowledge on
           | this and they said the current constraint is actually ramping
           | up supply of the delivery mechanism, not the drug.
           | 
           | I have zero expertise on this, but would be curious if anyone
           | knows what's special about Ozempic delivery that can't be
           | served by a commodity syringe.
        
             | davio wrote:
             | hims sells the generic version for a fraction of the price
             | but you have to do regular injections
        
               | Someone1234 wrote:
               | "hims" is selling Compound Pharmacy drugs, which will be
               | made illegal soon. Soon your options will be
               | $1000-1500/month from the two big drug companies.
               | 
               | They're meant to have a vial-needle version, but it is
               | $600/month and you can only do it for up to 5-months and
               | a low max dose. So it isn't a real program, but rather a
               | way to avoid critique from legislators.
        
               | _heimdall wrote:
               | Why are they making it illegal? Is there an issue with
               | the compound, or is it an issue if lobbyists protecting
               | the more profitable drug?
        
               | wcfields wrote:
               | It's "legal" because of the lack of supply in critical
               | medications so the FDA gives a variance to allow compound
               | pharmacies to produce/sell critical medications until
               | supply issues are resolved.
        
               | EasyMark wrote:
               | Seems to me there is a lack of supply for low cost
               | semaglutide (and similar). That should be enough for the
               | FDA to say "I'll allow it"
        
             | op00to wrote:
             | > what's special about Ozempic delivery
             | 
             | People don't want to use a commodity syringe. People are
             | scared of needles. The autoinjectors take most of the fear
             | out of it.
        
               | courseofaction wrote:
               | Teach a man to fish, and you can't charge him obscene
               | amounts for fishing to be done for him.
        
             | jaggederest wrote:
             | > but would be curious if anyone knows what's special about
             | Ozempic delivery that can't be served by a commodity
             | syringe.
             | 
             | They can't charge as much. That's basically it. Generic
             | semaglutide from compounding pharmacies (which have their
             | own issues for sure) is under $150 a month cash-pay these
             | days.
             | 
             | The real issue with syringes and self administration is
             | that the vast majority of the population are not
             | comfortable with it and don't have the diligence to do it
             | correctly every time, so you get under/over dosage or
             | noncompliance.
             | 
             | That being said, the autoinjector format doesn't really
             | solve that problem, it just slightly ameliorates it, in
             | exchange for approximately 8x the cost.
        
               | kurthr wrote:
               | So basically, 99.8% margin the maximum they can charge
               | (at ~15-30cents/mo) or 99.5% margin at $1000/mo for a
               | $2.5 injector? Semaglutide has been in production since
               | 2012 and approved by the FDA since 2017. There's a real
               | chance that specifically as a weight loss drug it's not
               | patentable since it was in off label use before the
               | patent was filed. That's being argued in the PTO now.
        
               | zahlman wrote:
               | >Generic semaglutide from compounding pharmacies (which
               | have their own issues for sure) is under $150 a month
               | cash-pay these days.
               | 
               | ...Is that supposed to be impressive? I assume you mean
               | USD, so that works out to more than I pay for my food.
               | Toronto isn't a cheap place to buy food, either.
        
               | jaggederest wrote:
               | It is cheap compared to the $1200 a month for the branded
               | stuff.
        
             | cubefox wrote:
             | > By chance I just talked to someone with deeper knowledge
             | on this and they said the current constraint is actually
             | ramping up supply of the delivery mechanism, not the drug.
             | 
             | The article says this:
             | 
             | > Surprisingly, the study found that the biggest cost in
             | producing Ozempic is not the active medicine, called
             | semaglutide, but the disposable pens used to inject it.
             | They can be made for no more than $2.83 per month's supply,
             | the authors concluded, based on interviews with former
             | employees and consultants to injection device
             | manufacturers. One Ozempic pen is used weekly and lasts a
             | month.
             | 
             | So while the injection pens are significantly more
             | expensive than manufacturing the drug itself, they are
             | still relatively cheap. So it seems to be not a major
             | problem to strongly ramp up production here as well.
             | 
             | Which suggests any supply shortage will be resolved
             | relatively quickly. Perhaps in less than a year? Then the
             | limiting factor will not be the supply but the market
             | price.
        
               | CydeWeys wrote:
               | There are also doctors that are prescribing vials of
               | semaglutide and commodity needles, and training patients
               | to properly dose up and administer the drug via a
               | standard needle. There's more to it than the auto-
               | injector pens, but not that much more to it. And it does
               | bring costs down, which is important to some.
               | Alternatively, you can just go to the doctor's office
               | weekly and have a nurse there do a traditional injection
               | for you (doesn't help as much with costs, but does bypass
               | the auto-injector shortage).
        
               | cubefox wrote:
               | I agree needles can alleviate the Ozempic shortage,
               | though only if Novo Nordisk decides to sell Ozempic
               | without pens. But not including pens will hardly reduce
               | the price of Ozempic anyway, because pens cost basically
               | nothing (estimated USD 2.83 for a month) compared to the
               | full price of the drug.
        
         | vessenes wrote:
         | Agreed. Don't forget they're spending on next-gen versions of
         | these too -- Novo is testing a pill form that's apparently
         | twice as effective as semaglutide(!) right now. It's easy to
         | imagine that becomes part of many people's January routine --
         | stop drinking, take your pills, go to the gym for a month,
         | slowly put the weight back on during the year, no problem.
        
         | Dumblydorr wrote:
         | Not fully true- orphan drug status exists for rare diseases and
         | gives advantages to companies who develop drugs for rare
         | conditions. This includes longer exclusivity periods amongst
         | other incentives, rendering these categories more feasible
         | economically.
        
         | spondylosaurus wrote:
         | I'm shocked that TFA doesn't mention the (massive, booming)
         | market for compounded semaglutide and tirzepatide. The long-
         | term future is uncertain, but since these drugs have been under
         | shortage status, third-party pharmacies can legally compound
         | them to meet increased demand.
        
           | philipkglass wrote:
           | 9 days ago the FDA declared the tirzepatide shortage over,
           | though the other popular drugs in this class are still
           | eligible for compounding based on shortage status:
           | 
           | https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-
           | availability/fda-c...
        
       | fredgrott wrote:
       | for those that do not know there is a herb that targets
       | GLP-1...its called Berberine
       | 
       | And yes its over the counter....I currently take one dose per day
       | at 1200mg
        
         | aleksiy123 wrote:
         | How effective is it?
        
         | wizzwizz4 wrote:
         | Source? https://www.mcgill.ca/oss/article/medical-critical-
         | thinking/... (2023) disagrees with you:
         | 
         | > Neither is berberine any version of Ozempic, which is an
         | analogue of glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1), a natural hormone
         | that regulates blood sugar and helps people feel full.
         | Berberine has nothing to do with GLP-1.
         | 
         | > Perhaps the most interesting laboratory finding, given the
         | rising global tide of type 2 diabetes, is the control that
         | berberine may exert over blood sugar. But there is a problem.
         | Berberine is virtually insoluble in water and has low
         | intestinal absorption which means it has poor bioavailability.
         | [...] Because of berberine's poor bioavailability, supplements
         | on the market are likely to be useless. However, some
         | derivative of berberine, may yet make it to the physician's
         | prescription pad. But it won't be for weight loss.
        
           | zonkerdonker wrote:
           | I was able to find this: https://www.sciencedirect.com/scienc
           | e/article/abs/pii/S00062....
           | 
           | Apparently most of the effect is due to activation of the
           | "bitter taste reception pathways" in the gut. So even though
           | it has very low bioavailibility, it can still stimulate GLP-1
           | secretion just simply due to its incredible bitterness
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | Does it only stimulate GLP-1 in the gut, though? As I
             | understand it, most of the positive effects of GLP-1
             | agonists are the effect they have on the brain's GLP-1
             | system, not the guts.
        
         | philipkglass wrote:
         | Interesting.
         | 
         | "Berberine induces GLP-1 secretion through activation of bitter
         | taste receptor pathways"
         | 
         | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000629521...
         | 
         | But buyer beware when it comes to getting berberine from over-
         | the-counter supplements:
         | 
         | "Variability in Potency Among Commercial Preparations of
         | Berberine"
         | 
         | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5807210/
         | 
         |  _Nine of the 15 tested products (60%) failed to meet the
         | potency standards of 90% to 110% of labeled content claim, as
         | commonly required of pharmaceutical preparations by the U.S.
         | Pharmacopeial Convention. Evaluation of the relationship
         | between product cost and the measured potency failed to
         | demonstrate an association between quality and cost.
         | Variability in product quality may significantly contribute to
         | inconsistencies in the safety and effectiveness of berberine.
         | In addition, the quality of the berberine product cannot be
         | inferred from its cost._
         | 
         | Worse still,
         | 
         | "Preparation and Evaluation of Antidiabetic Agents of Berberine
         | Organic Acid Salts for Enhancing the Bioavailability"
         | 
         | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6337101/
         | 
         |  _Berberine--an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from the rhizome
         | of Coptidis rhizome, Cortex phellodendri, and other plant
         | species--possesses a variety of pharmacological effects,
         | including anti-cancer, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemic,
         | antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities.
         | However, its absolute bioavailability is as low as 0.68%. Low
         | bioavailability greatly restricts the clinical development of
         | berberine._
        
       | rootusrootus wrote:
       | I'd think it more likely that it'll be one of the next generation
       | drugs, but I do agree with the premise that it will be really
       | common.
       | 
       | A few weeks ago I started a low dose of tirzepatide (aka
       | Mounjaro, aka Zepbound) and the side effects are interesting.
       | 
       | The biggest negative, which just takes adjustment, is drastically
       | lower stomach capacity. Used to be that two eggs and two pieces
       | of toast was breakfast. Now I better skip at least one of those
       | pieces of toast or I'm going to feel overfull and might get
       | reflux as punishment.
       | 
       | But there are some unexpected positives.
       | 
       | Obviously I am eating less. I have to log food not to keep it in
       | check, but to make sure I'm eating enough and with the right
       | nutrients. There's another possible negative here -- you get a
       | lot of hydration from food, so if you start eating less you
       | should carefully monitor your fluid intake to allow for that.
       | 
       | But I'm also more focused. Not nearly as distracted. I'm getting
       | a lot of things done which I used to just procrastinate on until
       | years had passed in some cases. Man, the garage is going to be
       | _clean_ and superbly organized in a few weeks.
       | 
       | And my emotions are quieter. Not just the food noise, that was
       | expected, but I feel more relaxed. That's not what I expected,
       | and I'm pleasantly surprised.
       | 
       | As an aside, what makes this all really noticeable is that it's a
       | once-a-week injection, and the peaks and valleys are _very_
       | obvious. Saturday is injection day, but Sunday is where it
       | _really_ becomes quite noticeable that I took it. Monday-
       | Wednesday is cruising altitude and the effects are good but not
       | over the top. Thursday I can feel it tapering, and today ...
       | well, I 'm looking forward to tomorrow's injection. I might
       | switch to a twice-a-week split dose at some point to ease the
       | peaks and valleys.
       | 
       | Edit: Before someone asks, yes I have considered there may be
       | long term effects. This is a risk, which I've decided I'm okay
       | with at my age. Nobody gets to live forever anyway, and I was
       | going to end up in an early grave via another route if I _didn
       | 't_ do this. "Just eat less and exercise more" is trite. If it
       | were _that_ easy, we 'd all be in fantastic shape.
       | 
       | I do hope to taper off at some point if I can figure out an
       | alternate strategy for staying lighter. Though I'll miss some of
       | the positive side-effects.
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | > Man, the garage is going to be clean and superbly organized
         | in a few weeks.'
         | 
         | Manic behaviors also associated with older, popular diet drugs
         | like meth.
        
           | cyberax wrote:
           | It's not the manic behavior, but the opposite. GLP-1 agonists
           | appear to reduce the impulsive behavior.
        
             | abeppu wrote:
             | Does anyone have references on any explanation, or even
             | partial explanation, on why this might be the case?
             | 
             | The published stuff I can find seems to be at the level of
             | anecdata, scarcely better than "I know a guy who..."
             | 
             | - What people talk about on social media:
             | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10669484/
             | 
             | - Some people made large "reckless" life choices:
             | https://academic.oup.com/qjmed/advance-article-
             | abstract/doi/...
        
               | cyberax wrote:
               | > Does anyone have references on any explanation, or even
               | partial explanation, on why this might be the case?
               | 
               | Not yet. The effect appears to be real, but it's too soon
               | to tell: https://www.science.org/content/blog-
               | post/ozempic-and-other-...
               | 
               | From my own anecdata, unnecessary impulsive eating
               | probably reinforces the impulsive behavior. You start
               | associating impulsive behavior with a reward.
               | 
               | GLP-1 not only removes that, but adds a slight negative
               | reinforcement. Impulsive eating no longer brings reward,
               | but makes you feel over-full. This can then down-
               | regulates the pathways that lead to increased impulsive
               | behavior.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | Great description, thanks!
               | 
               | I won't sugarcoat my problems. I _knew_ I wasn 't hungry
               | when I'd eat sometimes. I _knew_ it would keep me
               | overweight. I _knew_ it wouldn 't even feel great
               | afterwards. And yet, more often than not I did it. And
               | beat myself up over it _every time_. Very demoralizing,
               | even without help from moralizing folks on the internet.
               | 
               | On tirzepatide the impulse is just gone. I feel like I
               | can take it or leave it, and since the consequences of
               | eating unnecessarily are quickly negative, I just don't
               | do it.
        
               | AlanYx wrote:
               | There are about a dozen published studies using GLP-1
               | analogues in animal models showing reduction in addictive
               | behaviors (search for papers by Jerlhag, Leggio and
               | Schmidt). The prevailing theory seems to relate to
               | dopamine regulation.
        
             | Qem wrote:
             | > GLP-1 agonists appear to reduce the impulsive behavior.
             | 
             | Does it reduce sex drive as well?
        
               | firesteelrain wrote:
               | No it doesn't but some people have started TRT therapy
               | too which will increase testosterone and then sex drive
               | too
        
               | swat535 wrote:
               | Doesn't losing weight already increases your
               | Testostrone?.. people seriously shouldn't get on TRT
               | unless they need it medically, once you start it, it's
               | for life and also you will be infertile.. (source I am on
               | HCG, an alternative to TRT due to its side effects).
        
               | firesteelrain wrote:
               | That's correct - you need to be seen by a doctor before
               | embarking on TRT. For me, I have no intent of having any
               | more kids. Infertile can be reversed.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | TMI, but no.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | I said a few _weeks_ ;-). The garage is pretty big, but not
           | _that_ big. It 's going to be gloriously organized in a few
           | weeks because I spend a half hour or so in the evenings to
           | move the project forward. I'm very relaxed about it. I'm just
           | doing exactly what I kept telling myself I should do to make
           | the garage as organized as I want, rather than finding pretty
           | much anything else to do.
           | 
           | Decades ago I tried phentermine for a couple months. Now
           | _that_ was a ride, and you might call the experience closer
           | to manic. I was a _machine_. This is not like that.
        
             | noahjk wrote:
             | I read the "in a few weeks" totally differently than the
             | other reply. In my mind, I was thinking, "wow, you're able
             | to plan that far ahead and stay on track??" And now you say
             | you're able to accomplish that by dedicating a time block
             | per day?! That's superhuman level of control that I can
             | only dream of!
        
         | copperx wrote:
         | It would be interesting to compare the anxiolytic effects of
         | the drug versus the cancer anxiety caused by being on the drug.
         | 
         | The cancer anxiety could be reduced by frequent testing. e.g.,
         | having a thyroid ultrasound every 6 months, or a yearly
         | abdominal MRI, just to make sure cancer is not brewing.
        
           | arcticbull wrote:
           | There's no evidence that GLP-1s cause cancer in any
           | meaningful amount, but obesity definitely does. Either way
           | the only cancer they found any correlation to was thyroid
           | which is one of the most treatable -- over 99% survival
           | rates.
        
             | copperx wrote:
             | While thyroid cancer is highly treatable, the type of
             | thyroid cancer that GLP-1 drugs cause is the rare and
             | untreatable variety.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | There's no causative relationship. There is a correlation
               | in some studies. This is not the same thing. Beyond that,
               | some studies have found a very weak association and some
               | have found no association at all. To say with this corpus
               | of evidence they cause anything is very premature.
               | 
               | This 2024 study showed no increase in risk over 3.9
               | years.
               | 
               | https://www.bmj.com/content/385/bmj-2023-078225
        
               | cyberax wrote:
               | > There's no causative relationship.
               | 
               | To be fair, GLP-1 drugs cause dose-dependent increase in
               | thyroid cancer in mice. But mice are not humans.
        
           | gcr wrote:
           | Is cancer anxiety a common response?
           | 
           | I haven't seen any mention of cancer on r/zepbound
        
         | arcticbull wrote:
         | > "Just eat less and exercise more" is trite. If it were that
         | easy, we'd all be in fantastic shape.
         | 
         | Studies show it just doesn't work.
         | 
         | There was a massive (18,000,000 people) cohort analysis
         | published in 2023 that showed the likelihood of someone losing
         | 5% of their body weight in any given year was 1 in 11 and the
         | likelihood of going from severely obese to normal weight is 1
         | in 1667.
         | 
         | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10407685/
         | 
         | [edit] not to mention for those 1 in 11, the average weight
         | regain over 5 years is 80%.
         | 
         | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000291652...
        
           | pfdietz wrote:
           | I've lost 27 pounds since May (12%). Eliminating most carbs
           | and doing lots of walking. I think being on metformin helped.
        
             | jeffbee wrote:
             | > and doing lots of walking
             | 
             | If you just teleport a fat guy from Bentonville to
             | Manhattan and give him a Metrocard he will lose a pound a
             | week. The people who say nobody can lose weight, it's too
             | hard, cannot explain why there are macroscale populations
             | with lower obesity.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Surely you have a study to support this? Or are we just
               | speculating. The problem with this particular area is
               | that it's not intuitive, and relying on "common sense"
               | guidance is why everyone got fat in the first place.
        
               | randomdata wrote:
               | Does it matter? This is a discussion forum, not a
               | scientific journal. If you have something more
               | informative to add, just do it.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Generally here if you make a claim it's totally fair to
               | be asked to substantiate it. I already provided the
               | evidence that this individual was wrong, so I'm looking
               | to see why they think otherwise. Maybe they'll teach me
               | something new.
        
               | randomdata wrote:
               | _> Generally here if you make a claim it 's totally fair
               | to be asked to substantiate it._
               | 
               | Anything is fair. It is a discussion forum. You can say
               | whatever the hell you want. But it is equally
               | nonsensical.
               | 
               |  _> so I 'm looking to see why they think otherwise. _
               | 
               | You looked for _someone else_ - someone who prepared a
               | study - to tell you why it might be otherwise. But if you
               | want to talk to someone else, go talk to that someone
               | else. If you want to come here, be happy with the people
               | who are here. They might actually teach you something
               | without having to defer to random other people.
        
               | tikhonj wrote:
               | Questioning questionable claims is as much discussion as
               | anything else.
        
               | randomdata wrote:
               | Questioning the person who made the claim, sure. Get them
               | to elaborate. That improves the discussion. But halting
               | discussion until they can come up with the words of
               | _someone else_ to justify their claim, as seen here, just
               | makes you look stupid. If you would rather talk to
               | someone else, go talk to someone else instead. At the end
               | of the day, all is fair in discussion, so go for it -
               | call for someone else to enter the discussion if you
               | want. But as all is fair, we 're also going to call out
               | your stupidity when you do.
        
               | tikhonj wrote:
               | The bit that you're (intentionally?) missing is that this
               | is just a polite way of saying "you're full of shit". The
               | only person being stupid here is the person making strong
               | empirical claims without qualifying them or providing
               | supporting evidence.
               | 
               | I could see a reasonable complaint that asking for
               | studies is being passive-aggressive, but it's the sort of
               | passive-aggressive that both helps keep the discussion
               | more civil _and_ leaves room to actually substantiate the
               | original claims (that is, it 's actively _better_ for
               | keeping the discussion going!). Just saying  "lol, no,
               | wrong" kills the discussion far more than talking about
               | (lack of) evidence.
        
               | randomdata wrote:
               | _> The bit that you 're (intentionally?) missing is that
               | this is just a polite way of saying "you're full of
               | shit"._
               | 
               | If someone is full of shit, and assuming you care, then
               | logically you would put in the effort to fix their
               | misunderstanding, not tell them off. Exclaiming that
               | someone is "full of shit", politely or not, is stupid. If
               | you don't care, then why not own it? Don't care.
               | 
               |  _> The only person being stupid here is the person
               | making strong empirical claims without qualifying them or
               | providing supporting evidence._
               | 
               | There can be more than one stupid party involved.
               | 
               |  _> I could see a reasonable complaint that asking for
               | studies is being passive-aggressive_
               | 
               | It is just straight up nonsensical. I get that is was
               | only ever a silly meme and always understood to be
               | nonsensical, but a meme that has become quite tired. It
               | was funny 20 years ago, perhaps, but at this point it is
               | time to lay it to rest. I mean, anything goes in
               | discussion. If you still think it is edgy, go for it. But
               | the rest of us will still think it is stupid.
        
               | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
               | I'm taking a moment to enjoy your username in the context
               | of this back and forth.
        
               | connicpu wrote:
               | "It's too hard" includes "It's too hard to just magically
               | change the environmental factors making it difficult for
               | this specific person". We can't just magically move every
               | obese person to NYC, and unwalkable car-dependent
               | infrastructure cannot be fixed overnight either, even if
               | the people living there all decided to vote for
               | politicians who would legitimately work towards making
               | that happen (still seems unlikely). Unless and until we
               | work towards fixing the societal problems that created
               | the obesity crisis in the first place, we still need
               | short term solutions for the next couple decades at
               | least.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | Those same populations are gaining weight at a trajectory
               | that is behind the US but still headed the same
               | direction. AFAIK most western European nations have a
               | majority of people overweight, with 20-25% obese. This is
               | less than the US (though it's very regional within the
               | US), but you don't get to brag about a 1-in-4 obesity
               | rate.
        
               | mmsc wrote:
               | >This is less than the US (though it's very regional
               | within the US), but you don't get to brag about a 1-in-4
               | obesity rate.
               | 
               | Are you sure?
               | 
               | >In 2023, over 35 percent of adults in the Netherlands
               | were classed as overweight, meaning they had a body mass
               | index (BMI)of between 25 and 30. Furthermore, just under
               | 16 percent of adults were obese
               | 
               | >47 percent of French adults were overweight, of which 17
               | percent suffered from obesity
               | 
               | >49% of the Belgian population has overweight, of which
               | 18% have obesity.
               | 
               | >Spain: 43% of adults aged 18 years and over were
               | overweight and 16% were living with obesity
               | 
               | >46.6% of women and 60.5% of men in Germany are affected
               | by overweight (including obesity). Nearly one-fifth of
               | adults (19%) have obesity.
               | 
               | Looks like it's actually 1-in-5.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | For the purposes of this discussion, I will take your
               | numbers as truth and run with it.
               | 
               | Are you arguing that 1:5 is good, but 1:4 is bad?
               | 
               | The only large populations of people in the world that
               | aren't quite fat are southeast Asians. And this is fairly
               | accurate whether they leave in southeast Asia or in the
               | US or western Europe. Not 1:5, closer to 1:20 or in one
               | case 1:50.
               | 
               | Even then, southeast Asian obesity rates are climbing.
               | The US may have led the pack because of a consistently
               | high standard of living, but I don't see any indication
               | that there are macroscale populations anywhere in the
               | world keeping the disease at bay.
        
               | mmsc wrote:
               | >Are you arguing that 1:5 is good, but 1:4 is bad?
               | 
               | No, I'm saying that 1:4 is something to brag about, and
               | 1:5 is even better.
        
               | dmonitor wrote:
               | Giving fat guys ozempic is significantly easier than
               | teleporting them all to Manhattan
        
               | CydeWeys wrote:
               | Realistically this treatment is just not available to
               | most people (for the simple reason that there are way too
               | few non-car-dependent cities in the US, and the ones that
               | there are are super expensive). But GLP1 agonists are
               | available to most people.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | I did that in 2020. May through November. 40 pounds off.
             | Then I sprained my ankle. I apologize for being negative,
             | but come back in a year and let us know how it's going.
             | Many, many people can lose 10%, 20%, even 30% of their body
             | weight with concerted effort. Works for a year or maybe
             | two. It's actually pretty easy, to be honest, most people
             | who've done it will agree with me.
        
               | crooked-v wrote:
               | I had the same kind of experience. Not as dramatic as
               | that, but six months of careful dieting lost weight, but
               | then within a month after I stopped calorie-counting I
               | was back at the same original slightly-overweight weight
               | I had previously plateaued at.
        
               | pfdietz wrote:
               | Not going to claim that won't happen.
        
           | patmcc wrote:
           | >>>Studies show it just doesn't work.
           | 
           | It's not that "eat less and exercise more" doesn't work, it's
           | that nobody does it, because it's really, really hard.
           | 
           | Calories in/Calories out is both completely true and
           | completely useless for actual humans.
           | 
           | edit: that's unfair, mostly useless
        
             | petesergeant wrote:
             | The best way to stop smoking is to never have another
             | cigarette!
        
             | logicchains wrote:
             | >It's not that "eat less and exercise more" doesn't work,
             | it's that nobody does it
             | 
             | There are plenty of examples of people who've managed to
             | lose weight through diet and exercise, it's not "nobody".
             | Sure it's a small % success rate, but that's because it's
             | not easy. Just like squatting or deadlifting 300 lbs, it's
             | not easy to get there, but the vast majority of humans
             | could if they decided to put the time and effort into it.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Would you apply the same analysis to people with
               | depression who cured their depression by smiling more?
               | It's not zero, it's just very hard. Ultimately both are
               | chronic issues of the central nervous system. We know
               | GLP-1s act on the GABAergic central nervous system.
        
               | patmcc wrote:
               | Sure, I don't mean _literally_ nobody, just  'nobody' in
               | the statistical sense - from the comment I replied to,
               | "the likelihood of going from severely obese to normal
               | weight is 1 in 1667."
        
               | gensym wrote:
               | I'm one of those examples. I've never been obese or
               | really even overweight, but mid-2023, I noticed my
               | clothes were no longer fitting, and I decided to take off
               | some weight. I lost 20 pounds over the course a a few
               | months and have managed to keep it off since. Body scans
               | aren't accurate, but the 1 scan I took after losing the
               | weight put me at 13% body fat.
               | 
               | It's one of the hardest things I've done. I'm no stranger
               | to hard physical things - I've run marathons, raced
               | cyclocross, done daily bike commuting through several
               | Chicago winters, and I'd rate the weight loss as up
               | harder than all of those. At the risk sounding too
               | hubristic - if that's the effort it takes to lose weight,
               | doing so is beyond the abilities of large swaths of the
               | population. Not to mention that I have the time and
               | financial resources to weigh my food, buy foods that were
               | optimal for my diet (so much yogurt and chicken!), etc.
               | 
               | (As a side note, exercise isn't a very good way to lose
               | weight in my experience. It's valuable to do for all
               | sorts of other reasons, but I actually gained weight when
               | training for my first marathon, while running 60-70
               | miles/week).
        
               | Izkata wrote:
               | > As a side note, exercise isn't a very good way to lose
               | weight in my experience.
               | 
               | Generally people who don't normally exercise are going to
               | gain muscle faster than they lose fat. This was the
               | origin of HAES before it got corrupted: _Health_ At Every
               | Size, not  "Healthy". Encouragement to keep going because
               | with exercise you'll get healthier even if you're not
               | losing weight.
               | 
               | Also, by weight, muscle burns more calories than fat just
               | by existing. Personally I think that's where most of the
               | weight loss attributed to exercise comes from, rather
               | than the exercise itself. You have to gain the muscle
               | first to actually burn more calories.
        
             | stevenAthompson wrote:
             | Right. It works, it isn't sustainable because it doesn't
             | just take effort it takes effort multiplied by time (effort
             | x time = permanent weight loss).
             | 
             | Obviously, even a small amount of effort becomes impossible
             | when you multiply it by "forever".
        
               | wilburTheDog wrote:
               | That's not a valid argument, though. Firstly nobody lives
               | forever. Second you don't have to exert all the effort at
               | once, so the totality of effort doesn't matter. At any
               | given time you just have to decide whether to have the
               | snickers bar or the apple. And that's not an impossible
               | effort. We don't live our entire lives all at once. We
               | just have to be present for one moment at a time.
               | 
               | Edit: In my opinion it's hard for two reasons. We have
               | cravings for high calorie foods. And no one candy bar
               | will make you fat, so it's easy to think "I'll exercise
               | more tomorrow to make up for this indulgence." But then
               | you don't, because that's hard too.
        
               | stevenAthompson wrote:
               | > At any given time you just have to decide whether to
               | have the snickers bar or the apple.
               | 
               | No, you have to decide to even think about the difference
               | between them instead of thinking about something in your
               | life that feels more important. It's a sort of cognitive
               | opportunity cost. You have to consciously think about
               | food (instead of something useful) forever, because your
               | body's instincts are telling you to do the wrong thing
               | and you need your rational mind to overrule it.
               | 
               | So for the rest of your life, every day, until you die
               | you must decide to stop and expend effort making that
               | decision instead of thinking about work, family,
               | politics, or writing a new bit of code that will change
               | the world. Most human beings can do it for a while, but
               | not forever. The only way to do it forever is to get your
               | body chemistry on your side and reduce that cognitive
               | load.
        
               | jodrellblank wrote:
               | > " _The only way to do it forever is to get your body
               | chemistry on your side and reduce that cognitive load._ "
               | 
               | That's how all creatures in the wild do it. That's how
               | humans did it for the past quarter million years. And all
               | creatures did it for the past hundred million years.
               | Wait, no, it isn't. Then there must be another way. A way
               | that doesn't involve manipulative abusive capitalists and
               | advertisers destroying health in the name of profit while
               | selling it as freedom.
               | 
               | > " _or the rest of your life, every day, until you die
               | you must decide to stop and expend effort making that
               | decision instead of thinking about work, family,
               | politics, or_ "
               | 
               | How much does that lifestyle sound like freedom to you?
        
               | stevenAthompson wrote:
               | >That's how all creatures in the wild do it... Wait, no,
               | it isn't.
               | 
               | Neither creatures in the wild, or primitive man, have
               | access to unlimited quantities of calorie dense foods. We
               | could go back to that lifestyle, but billions would have
               | to die and the overall human lifespan would decrease
               | rather than increasing.
               | 
               | I think I'd rather take a perfectly safe drug than go
               | back to wiping with leaves and hunting for worm riddled
               | meat.
               | 
               | > How much does that lifestyle sound like freedom to you?
               | 
               | I'm not even sure I understand which lifestyle you're
               | asking about here, but if you mean the modern lifestyle
               | then it's certainly more free than the lives primitive
               | man had. "Might makes right" was the rule of the land
               | back then, and contrary to your imagination, you probably
               | wouldn't have been the mightiest. Certainly not forever.
               | 
               | Hell, it's more free now than the lives most of our
               | grandparents had. 50 years ago about half of all white
               | people surveyed said they'd move away if a black person
               | bought a house in their neighborhood, and gay people were
               | routinely murdered for existing.
               | 
               | There were no "good old days", and Stardew Valley is just
               | a game.
        
               | jodrellblank wrote:
               | > " _Neither creatures in the wild, or primitive man,
               | have access to unlimited quantities of calorie dense
               | foods._ "
               | 
               | And just like that, you've come up with another way.
               | 
               | > " _I think I 'd rather take a perfectly safe drug than
               | go back to wiping with leaves and hunting for worm
               | riddled meat._"
               | 
               | That is some ridiculously hyperbolic panicked
               | scaremongering at the idea of banning Coca Cola. I have
               | literally no idea how restricting the unlimited calorie
               | dense foods available would lead to hating black people
               | and murdering gay people, but it's some more hyperbolic
               | commentary.
               | 
               | > " _I 'm not even sure I understand which lifestyle
               | you're asking about here_"
               | 
               | The one I mentioned. Comparing the "free" lifestyle where
               | you have adverts for Coca-Cola shoved into your face 24/7
               | along with adverts selling you a drug to help you ignore
               | the Coca-Cola adverts. Vs. "non-free" where Coca-Cola
               | isn't available for sale and you just don't think about
               | it because you've never had it and don't miss it, and you
               | go about your life doing the things you care about
               | instead.
        
               | stevenAthompson wrote:
               | I interpreted your original comment differently. Based on
               | the votes so did others. At no point did you suggest
               | banning Coca-Cola, or otherwise limiting calorie dense
               | foods. Instead it seemed that you were advocating a
               | return to some mythical past when food was more like it
               | is for wild animals.
               | 
               | I wonder if you confused this thread with another? Or
               | maybe your sarcasm was misinterpreted?
        
               | card_zero wrote:
               | > Firstly nobody lives forever
               | 
               | Lose weight permanently through cremation?
        
               | gcr wrote:
               | Giving whole new meaning to burning those carbs!
        
             | mrweasel wrote:
             | Precisely, the point of Ozempic (or rather Wegovy, Ozempic
             | is for type-1 diabetes) is that it reduces your appetite,
             | making it easier to eat less.
             | 
             | One of the studies done with Wegovy showed that people lost
             | 15% of their body mass in a year, but they also eat 500
             | Calories less and exercised for 2.5 hours a week.
        
               | jnwatson wrote:
               | Wait, Wegovy makes people exercise more?
        
               | crooked-v wrote:
               | That's probably counting 'light exercise', aka walking
               | around. That works out to 20 minutes a day, so it could
               | just be the side effect of people being lighter and so
               | walking places being more comfortable.
        
               | mrweasel wrote:
               | Oh, no sorry, the study I read had people on Wegovy, but
               | it also had them exercise 2.5 hours per week at the same
               | time.
               | 
               | The point was that the 15% weight lose in a year is in
               | the high end of what you can expect, especially if you
               | change nothing else.
        
               | odo1242 wrote:
               | Weight gain makes it harder to exercise. In any
               | particular day, eating more also makes exercise harder
               | (because it tanks your energy levels).
               | 
               | This is especially true if you count light exercise.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | Being full of food also makes it hard to exercise.
        
               | rblatz wrote:
               | It's hard to exercise when you are overweight. It puts
               | more strain on your joints, makes injury more likely, and
               | it's all around harder.
               | 
               | Maybe there is a path to using these drugs in a manner to
               | get people healthier so they can exercise more, establish
               | good habits and taper down.
        
               | rstupek wrote:
               | Correction type-2 diabetes not type-1
        
               | mrweasel wrote:
               | Yes, sorry, I misread when I looked it up. You're
               | correct, it's for type 2.
        
               | Schiendelman wrote:
               | It's important to go back and edit your comment so the
               | misinformation is gone.
        
               | mrweasel wrote:
               | Honestly I disagree, edits are for spelling and wording.
               | It's important to not edit the content of comments, so
               | that follow up comments and their context remain the
               | same.
        
               | _heimdall wrote:
               | It'd be more helpful for edits to be appended to a
               | comment, allowing context of the conversation to still
               | make sense.
               | 
               | Misinformation is also going to be much overused and
               | meaningless if used for situations like a simple mistake.
               | The commenter just misread something - branding it as
               | misinformation seems to imply intent, otherwise why
               | wouldn't you just call it a mistake?
        
               | opo wrote:
               | >...Ozempic is for type-1 diabetes
               | 
               | At the present time, Ozempic is not approved for Type 1
               | diabetes:
               | 
               | >...Ozempic(r) is not for use in people with type 1
               | diabetes.
               | 
               | https://www.ozempic.com
               | 
               | Compared with Type 2, with Type 1 diabetes there are
               | other risks that could occur:
               | 
               | >...While medications such as GLP-1 receptor agonists
               | (Ozempic, Wegovy) and SGLT-2 inhibitors (Jardiance,
               | Farxiga) demonstrated powerful benefits, they quickly
               | were determined to pose too much of a liability for
               | pharmaceutical companies or regulators due to concerns
               | about safety. Specifically, GLP-1s can increase the risk
               | of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) and SGLT-2s can raise
               | the risk of a serious, life-threatening complication
               | called diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
               | 
               | https://diatribe.org/diabetes-medications/why-diabetes-
               | mirac...
        
             | blargey wrote:
             | People chanting "If everyone just did X, Y wouldn't be a
             | problem!" without seriously addressing why everyone doesn't
             | just do X already, or making a serious proposal for how
             | everyone is going to just do X from now on.
             | 
             | A phenomenon not limited to dieting.
        
               | brianmcc wrote:
               | Yep. When 1 or 10 or 100 people do a thing, it's a "them"
               | issue. When 100,000,000+ do a thing - it's a wider issue,
               | and asking those 100,000,000 to do it differently just
               | isn't a useful strategy.
        
               | mortos wrote:
               | In another vein, if my bank account is $100 short, that's
               | my problem. If my account is $1m short, that's the bank's
               | problem.
               | 
               | Considering it's a societal wide problem, society at
               | large ought to care about resolving it. It's incredibly
               | expensive otherwise to treat chronic, lifelong obesity.
        
               | zahlman wrote:
               | I don't know people who just give the "trite" advice
               | without any actual consideration of the difficulty.
               | 
               | I do see a lot of people ITT who were accused of doing so
               | but who aren't actually doing so.
               | 
               | And I've known quite a few people who get really annoyed
               | at constantly having to hear about how impossible it is
               | to do things that they've personally actually done.
        
             | borroka wrote:
             | Given that a few decades ago obesity and overweight rates
             | were nowhere near what they are today, this shows that a
             | large part of the population is weak, fragile, and not very
             | interested in their well-being.
             | 
             | I want to emphasize that a few decades ago, people were
             | much thinner in the Western world and did not hate their
             | lives because they could not eat a triple cheeseburger, go
             | hungry constantly, or feel physically deprived. Those were
             | my parents and my grandparents, I know them.
             | 
             | But if you show them hyper-caloric food that makes them
             | feel like crap, they can't say no. It's disappointing. And
             | the same can be said for addiction to social media,
             | horrible TV series, and constant music everywhere.
        
               | cortesoft wrote:
               | Do you think it is because the people before were
               | mentally stronger? No, it is because they lived in a
               | different environment. If you were to transport those
               | people from decades ago to today, the same portion of
               | them would become obese.
        
               | borroka wrote:
               | That's what I'm saying. It's not that people were
               | stronger then, it's that, as many times throughout life,
               | traits are revealed by circumstances, there's nothing
               | particularly physiological about feeling the need to eat
               | like hippopotamuses that have been deprived of food for
               | months.
               | 
               | The unattractive, low-status man (or woman) has less
               | trouble remaining faithful than the handsome, high-status
               | man (or woman). Not because they are more virtuous, but
               | because they are not as exposed to temptation. But fewer
               | people justify the unfaithful than the "big eater." And
               | that's something society and culture have decided, for
               | now.
        
               | freeone3000 wrote:
               | They are the same people now that they were then.
               | Humanity has not become any more weak, fragile, or
               | uninterested in their well-being -- it has simply become
               | harder to resist. TV was appointment viewing and cut off
               | late at night. Before the walkman, there wasn't much
               | option for music everywhere (the scourge was newspaper-
               | readers! but the paper is only so long). And that triple
               | cheeseburger today wasn't acceptable or _available_ to
               | eat unless you made it yourself. Healthy eating being
               | hard is a product of collective decisions to _make_ it
               | hard.
        
               | FuriouslyAdrift wrote:
               | We used to smoke a lot (an appetite suppressant and mood
               | stabilizer) and also worked physical jobs in factories or
               | farms.
               | 
               | Service jobs are not conducive to good health.
        
               | borroka wrote:
               | By looking at the size and bellies of construction
               | workers, farmers, and people doing all sorts of jobs with
               | significant physical activity, one cannot find much
               | support for this hypothesis.
        
               | FuriouslyAdrift wrote:
               | Just look any picture from the 60's 70's or 80's...
               | everyone was skinny
        
               | borroka wrote:
               | Back in the day, (almost) everybody was not fat, from the
               | academically inclined to the construction worker. Today,
               | many are overweight, from the professor to the
               | agricultural worker. There used to be more walking, which
               | increased caloric expenditure by 300-700 kcal per day,
               | although sport and recreational physical activity was
               | limited to the young.
               | 
               | The main problems have been the easy availability of
               | cheap and tasty calories, combined with a surprisingly
               | low resistance to the ingestion of those calories.
        
               | Izkata wrote:
               | > But if you show them hyper-caloric food that makes them
               | feel like crap, they can't say no.
               | 
               | You're looking for "hyperpalatable foods", not hyper-
               | caloric. They're related but distinct.
        
               | gmerc wrote:
               | This shows no such thing.
               | 
               | It shows what it shows.
               | 
               | What the explanation is, that actually requires research.
               | Anything from new food additives, changed lifestyle
               | habits forced by the pandemic, increased chronic stress,
               | screen addiction compromising other opportunities to be
               | active, less walkable neighborhoods, more elevators,
               | higher calorie diet, cost increase in healthy diet to
               | just name a fraction of possible factors.
        
               | borroka wrote:
               | Or, more simply, many eat like there is no tomorrow
               | because food is easily available, cheap, and the calories
               | very palatable.
        
               | EasyMark wrote:
               | Or that the situation was different, advertisers hadn't
               | mastered the 24/7 cycle of selling easy junk food in both
               | home form and fast food form. Every generation thinks
               | they're superior to the new generation and says "why
               | don't they just.... " when a new generational problem
               | comes up. People screaming out against ozempic and
               | friends are just angry that maybe it does work well
               | enough and that people don't have to struggle for once.
               | Our brains weren't built for our modern life style. It
               | used to be that people virtually had lots of experience
               | eating Whole Foods, TV was relatively new, parental
               | guidance on "that's junk food, you can have a little not
               | a lot", our jobs weren't built around screens and pecking
               | on keyboards, bombarded by emails and phone calls even
               | after we go home via 1 hour commute each way. It's easy
               | to say "you're all a bunch of lazy bums" but it's also
               | lazy and not true.
        
           | CooCooCaCha wrote:
           | Eating less and exercising more does work, in fact that is
           | how you lose weight. The problem is doing it consistently
           | which is what these drugs help with.
        
             | thfuran wrote:
             | Yes, they clearly mean that it doesn't work at a societal
             | level. If you take a human and force them to exercise more
             | and eat less, they're going to lose weight. And everyone
             | knows that, but pretty much every modern society is
             | increasingly overweight. Ergo, "it doesn't work".
        
               | CooCooCaCha wrote:
               | No, everyone does not know that. That's why the phrasing
               | is harmful.
        
           | lukasb wrote:
           | Are there any studies that look at body fat % instead of
           | weight? I don't care how much I weigh.
        
             | adrian_b wrote:
             | A good proxy for body fat %, especially for males, is the
             | waist circumference / hip circumference ratio.
             | 
             | See e.g.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waist%E2%80%93hip_ratio
             | 
             | for recommended values.
        
           | potta_coffee wrote:
           | It would work if people would actually do it. It 100% works.
           | Human nature is such that people would rather take a drug
           | than change their lifestyle. I've done it myself but it
           | requires a complete realignment of lifestyle to make lasting
           | change.
        
             | icedchai wrote:
             | Another problem is not doing it enough. Walking a couple
             | miles once a week isn't going to do much. You have to make
             | it a habit, part of your routine, and do it every day.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Also not only is your body very efficient at
               | walking/running (losing 10lbs of fat requires an average
               | person to run from SF to LA) there's evidence of a
               | constrained total energy expenditure model. If you try
               | and create a large caloric deficit through exercise you
               | become more efficient at the exercise (so each
               | incremental step costs less calories) and your metabolism
               | slows down (and your NEAT - non exercise activity
               | thermogenesis - levels drop) to conserve energy for you
               | to expend on exercise.
               | 
               | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4803033/
        
             | asib wrote:
             | In 2018 I did an Ironman triathlon. Across 2020 and 2021 I
             | cycled over 20,000 miles. I cycled 200 miles on the hottest
             | day of 2022 in the UK. In 2021 I cycled 200 miles in under
             | 12 hours. In 2023 I ran over 10 half marathons. You simply
             | cannot tell me I didn't completely realign my lifestyle or
             | that I'm not determined.
             | 
             | At my lightest in 2023, I weighed 60kg. Currently I weigh
             | over 95kg. I don't know what else people who hold your view
             | can be told to convince them this problem is not one of
             | willpower. I have the capacity to suffer. I've given up
             | smoking. There is no escape from food.
        
               | manfre wrote:
               | You described a lot of physical activities, but diet
               | controls your weight. It's natural to have more of an
               | appetite with increased activity. It's also normal to
               | increase your weight a bit due to increased muscle mass.
        
               | asib wrote:
               | I'm trying to demonstrate that I'm not this ridiculous
               | (and frankly grossly reductive) caricature of the
               | overweight slob. And yet I still struggle with food. So
               | maybe let's drop that notion altogether, because it's not
               | at all helpful.
               | 
               | The extra weight is not muscle, to be clear.
        
               | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
               | Yup. I lost 70 lbs in 2017, and I ran my first marathon
               | last month. I'm going out to run a half on Sunday because
               | that's just what I do now, it's nothing to go out and
               | enjoy myself for 2 hours. I'm fit, I know how to lose
               | weight, I know how to be in the suck but I know that this
               | coming winter I'm going to have to fight to keep a decent
               | weight as I fight stress and the holidays. The battle
               | never ever stops and it's exhausting.
        
               | GeoAtreides wrote:
               | >There is no escape from food.
               | 
               | Ah, but what is food?
               | 
               | A cake made with sugar, flour, and butter will have a
               | different impact than the equivalent number of calories
               | in blueberries
               | 
               | Eggs and butter will make you feel different and will be
               | treated different by your body than white bread and
               | peanut butter and jelly
               | 
               | food is too general a term, it encompasses too many very
               | different things
        
           | icedchai wrote:
           | Of course, it "doesn't work" because people don't keep it up.
           | I started exercising regularly during covid and didn't stop.
           | I cut out all the soda. It works.
        
             | aantix wrote:
             | Report back in 10, 15 and 20 years.
             | 
             | Likely, you will at some point revert to unhealthy habits
             | and become fat again.
             | 
             | Long-term weight loss success numbers are abysmal.
        
               | doublepg23 wrote:
               | So we should be on drugs the rest of our lives?
        
               | soulbadguy wrote:
               | Aren't we already ?
        
               | aantix wrote:
               | Many embrace it.
               | 
               | Testosterone replacement therapy, highly refined protein
               | powders, nootropics, etc.
               | 
               | We're all trying to make the best of what's given, revert
               | mistakes, live longer.
               | 
               | All options are on the table.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | We're on fluoride from the water our entries lives,
               | iodine in the salt and various B vitamins, iron and
               | calcium in the flour. Why stop there? This has been an
               | overwhelming coup for public health.
        
               | WorkerBee28474 wrote:
               | I dropped from the mid 300s 10-15 years ago to 260-ish
               | these days. It fluctuates from 250 to 280 over time, but
               | keeping off weight long-term by changing diet is very
               | much doable.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | > 250 to 280
               | 
               | That should be very doable for most people. 250 is
               | overweight for everyone under 7 feet tall, and 280 is
               | obese for everyone under 6 foot 9 inches (that's about
               | 99.997% of the population, if my data source is correct).
               | For the vast, vast majority of people 350 pounds would be
               | somewhere in the mid-40s BMI.
        
               | nahnahno wrote:
               | This is so stupid.
               | 
               | If you want to not be fat, exercise and eat fewer
               | calories. Full stop.
               | 
               | The fact that a certain group of individuals don't have
               | that self control is just evidence that education and
               | public health have a place. Drugs won't solve that.
               | 
               | These drugs are needed for people with metabolic
               | disorders caused by years of food abuse or poor genetics.
               | It's not a population wide solution.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | "This is so stupid, if you want to stop smoking put down
               | the cigarette! Full stop."
               | 
               | Like (a) no shit and (b) the question is why can't
               | people. Because we know objectively they can't.
               | 
               | The drugs work by literally solving your self control
               | issue, and to such an extent it works beyond just food.
        
               | dalyons wrote:
               | We have 50+ years of incontrovertible evidence that that
               | advice doesn't work for the overwhelming majority of
               | people. "Just have self control" is the stupid take imho.
        
               | avidiax wrote:
               | A meta-analysis of 29 long term weight loss studies[1]
               | found:
               | 
               | > By 5 years, more than 80% of lost weight was regained
               | 
               | I think a much better hypothesis is that CICO does work,
               | physically, but there are metabolic, hormonal and mental
               | factors that either predispose towards obesity or make it
               | difficult to escape.
               | 
               | It's a bit like telling gambling addicts to "just stop
               | gambling" or depressed people to "lighten up".
               | 
               | And along comes GLP-1 drugs, where obese people find it
               | easy to lose weight, find new motivation for life, etc.
               | The GLP-1s aren't increasing metabolism, nor are they
               | making people exercise, nor are they making food less
               | available. Yet somehow, a hormonal mediation is greatly
               | successful, hmm.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5764193/
        
           | oremolten wrote:
           | it's interesting you state "Studies show it just doesn't
           | work." While we are commenting on an article about a drug
           | which makes you feel less hungry, there by "eating less". The
           | drug doesn't make you use more calories, it simply "makes"
           | you EAT LESS. Eating less(calories) than your body uses
           | consistently for duration is literally the only way you can
           | lose weight. (outside of literally losing limbs, or surgery
           | to remove mass) Exercise only augments the process, it all
           | comes back down to EATING LESS(calories).
        
             | soulbadguy wrote:
             | "Telling people to eat less" doesn't work the same way
             | telling people to relax doesn't work. It assumes that
             | relaxing is under voluntary control.
             | 
             | To bring it back food, the issue is not the eating, the
             | core issue is the hunger causing the eating and that's what
             | the medication is addressing.
             | 
             | The people you think are eating ea
        
             | vessenes wrote:
             | There are a number of pathways these drugs hit - dopamine
             | receptors, they slow processing of food, and in
             | tirzepatide's case at least increase insulin response.
             | They're not just small portions in a shot.
             | 
             | I take "Studies show it just doesn't work" to mean "Studies
             | show telling people to eat less and exercise more
             | definitely doesn't work," as opposed to "caloric deficits
             | don't work".
        
           | AtlasBarfed wrote:
           | People need to understand what activity / exercise really is.
           | The desperation of the medical establishment to get people to
           | do ANY exercise meant the general advice is watered down.
           | 
           | It's the doom of the statistical distribution. Good outcomes
           | are defined in relative terms on the bell curve, not on
           | absolute performance which exercise is actually suited for.
           | 
           | In days of manual labor jobs and lots of walking, people
           | likely burned 1500-4000 calories more per day than sedentary
           | modern lifestyles. I can imagine farmers back in the days of
           | 12-hour days of physical labor may burn 5000 or 6,000
           | calories. A pound of fat is 3500 calories.
           | 
           | Meanwhile, people that are generally following some 20
           | minutes of exercise five times a week, regimen of the medical
           | establishment are likely really only burning about 300 to 400
           | calories tops in those 20 minutes sessions, if they even do
           | that.
           | 
           | For the sake of argument, we're going to ignore the basal
           | metabolic advantages of people that are burning an extra
           | 1,500 to 3000 calories per day and the stimulated muscle
           | growth that comes with it.
           | 
           | People back in olden days just on activity were burning a
           | third to a half a pound extra of fat per day in terms of
           | energy.
           | 
           | Meanwhile, modern people who "exercise" are burning maybe a
           | tenth of a pound. Only when you get to "athletes" that are
           | "training" do you get to the calorie burns that people's
           | lives used to entail.
           | 
           | So it's important to keep in mind when people say exercise is
           | ineffective in weight loss that they really are talking about
           | very minor amounts of added activity by by modern medical
           | standards.
           | 
           | Exercise is extremely effective at limiting weight if you get
           | to what I call the 1000 calorie Hammer, where your exercise
           | is adding an extra thousand calories or more per day to your
           | activity. And you're simultaneously not going nuts on your
           | diet.
           | 
           | A 1000 calories is a considerable amount of activity. For a
           | 180 lb man, that's 4000 yards of swimming, 7 miles of
           | running, or 25-30 miles of biking.
           | 
           | If you are a 120 lb woman, increase those distances by 50%.
           | Most people consider those loads to be exercise obsessives,
           | but practically that's what's necessary in order to employ
           | exercise as a usable means for weight control and surviving
           | the corn syrup world we're in
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | > In days of manual labor jobs and lots of walking, people
             | likely burned 1500-4000 calories more per day than
             | sedentary modern lifestyles.
             | 
             | Hasn't this idea been studied using modern-but-primitive
             | groups of people who still live much as they have for
             | thousands of years? Their bodies are quite efficient and
             | they do not burn substantially more calories than
             | "civilized" humans in regular society do.
        
               | klooney wrote:
               | Studying pre agriculture societies doesn't say anything
               | about agriculture labor in the 1940s, which is what the
               | grandparent comment was about.
               | 
               | That said, modern farmworkers in my town are mostly
               | overweight, for the same reasons as everyone else.
        
             | jart wrote:
             | Finally someone posting something that makes sense. I have
             | hormonal issues that make me predisposed to being
             | overweight. When I lived in New York, I was able to keep
             | the pounds off by walking 20 miles per day. That's how evil
             | my body is. That I would literally have to draw green
             | polygons over Manhattan for five hours a day to not be
             | overweight. I stopped doing that when I moved to the Bay
             | Area because it's not as much fun to walk around here. So
             | I'm very excited about Ozempic since it'd be nice to be
             | able to be able to keep the weight off and get most of
             | those five hours back.
        
             | I_AM_A_SMURF wrote:
             | I used to do a hard hike every week which burned around
             | 1000 calories. You're not doing anything else that day
             | unless you keep this up for a very long time.
             | 
             | But yes, great way to lose weight I agree, just not
             | practical for a lot of people.
        
               | AtlasBarfed wrote:
               | hiking is probably a bit better, but walking only burns
               | 2/3s the calories that running does for a given unit of
               | distance.
               | 
               | So a 190lb man burns 150 calories for running a mile, but
               | only 100 calories for walking it. It will take about 20
               | minutes to walk a mile, and about 10 minutes to run one.
               | 
               | So this relates to the original complaint about exercise
               | 20 minutes a couple times a week: if you walk 20 minutes,
               | you've burned... 100 calories.
               | 
               | A 1000 calorie hike is probably 10+ miles, and that's
               | about 200 minutes. 3 hours and 20 minutes! Yup, quite the
               | time commitment, however if you ran 7 miles it would only
               | take about an hour.
        
           | rybosworld wrote:
           | > Studies show it just doesn't work.
           | 
           | Eating less and exercising most certainly does work, if the
           | individual sticks to the routine.
           | 
           | I do agree it's difficult to stick to a routine because our
           | modern lives are demanding and so we compromise by eating
           | fast food and avoid going to the gym.
           | 
           | I think the exercise paradox video recently put out by
           | Kurzgesagt has been a net negative for how people think about
           | diet and exercise. The paper the video is based on is highly
           | flawed.
           | 
           | That paper has a few major problems but these are the
           | biggest:
           | 
           | 1) The authors didn't control for body mass. The Hadza and
           | Bolivians burned 52kcal per kg of body weight. Americans
           | burned only 38kcal per kg of body weight. That is: the active
           | groups burned significantly more calories than the inactive
           | groups, on a pound-for-pound basis.
           | 
           | 2) The active groups were defined as such because they walked
           | ~12km per day. This is significant because the human body is
           | exceptionally efficient at walking. It is certainly true that
           | over a comparable span of time, you will burn less calories
           | walking than you would running, or lifting weights.
           | 
           | GLP-1's are miracle drugs and people should take them if they
           | at are high risk for obesity-related diseases.
           | 
           | But diet and exercise certainly do aid weight loss, and will
           | have fewer negative side effects than a GLP-1 drug.
           | 
           | https://www.germanjournalsportsmedicine.com/archive/archive-.
           | ..
        
           | bdndndndbve wrote:
           | Homeostasis is a powerful force. Once you gain weight your
           | body has a tendency to keep it, and overcoming that to
           | establish a new equilibrium is difficult and uncomfortable.
        
           | bozhark wrote:
           | This is absurd.
           | 
           | Caloric intake and outtake is just that.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | That is a simplistic description which is superficially
             | true. The body, however, is quite a bit more complicated
             | than that. _Especially_ when you get to that wrinkly pink
             | lump in your skull.
        
             | crooked-v wrote:
             | The point you're missing is that telling people "just eat
             | less" doesn't work, because it's extremely difficult for
             | many people to "just eat less".
             | 
             | That's literally the whole reason that ozempic etc are
             | popular, because they make it easier for most people to
             | just eat less, in the same kind of way that caffeine makes
             | it subjectively easier for someone who's tired to be
             | productive.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | > it's extremely difficult for many people to "just eat
               | less"
               | 
               | Right. To be explicit, "just eat less" means "live your
               | life always hungry." There's a reason this more-or-less
               | never works in practice.
        
           | pugets wrote:
           | It does work. It couldn't not work. Each day of your life,
           | you choose to do one of three things:
           | 
           | 1. Consume more calories than your body will need to function
           | 
           | 2. Consume as many calories as your body will need to
           | function
           | 
           | 3. Consume fewer calories than your body will need to
           | function
           | 
           | When you consume more energy than you require, your body
           | stores the remainder as fat. When you consume less energy
           | than is required, your body converts your fat into usable
           | energy.
           | 
           | Now obviously, this is an over-simplified explanation of
           | nutrition. What you eat, when you eat it, how efficiently
           | your body converts food to energy, and other factors will
           | determine the little details. But the explanation I've
           | provided is not nearly as over-simplified as "it just doesn't
           | work."
           | 
           | To make a comparison, it would be like suggesting that the
           | financial advice "earn more money than you spend" just
           | doesn't work as a method of saving money, on the grounds that
           | some % of Americans who try to save money end up in credit
           | card debt.
        
             | grayhatter wrote:
             | So if understanding the equation about how humans can
             | obtain and maintain a healthy diet/weight is as simple as
             | you present here. Why doesn't everybody just do that?
             | 
             | You say yourself, it couldn't not work. And yet there's
             | hundreds of thousands of people that say it didn't work.
             | Explain them, are they lying?
             | 
             | I'd assert, the oversimplified explanation is misleading.
             | It's only true in the same way that drinking cold water
             | will help you lose more weight than warm water. True or
             | not, reality seems to strongly suggest it's irrelevant
        
               | rybosworld wrote:
               | > Explain them, are they lying?
               | 
               | Yes.
        
               | grayhatter wrote:
               | It's more likely that hundreds of thousands of people are
               | collectively lying, than it is that trying to find a
               | solution that works for hundreds of thousands of
               | different humans all with different needs, lifestyles,
               | desires, capabilities, and understanding, might be a tad
               | more complicated than just counting intake calories?
        
               | pugets wrote:
               | Why assume people will do what's in their own long-term
               | best interests, especially after being presented with a
               | short-term thrill?
               | 
               | Pizza tastes better than granola. Grand Theft Auto is
               | more fun than math homework. Having a Dodge Charger is
               | cooler than having a Hyundai Elantra. Who cares about the
               | costs? I can always fix my bad habits tomorrow.
        
               | grayhatter wrote:
               | > Why assume people will do what's in their own long-term
               | best interests, especially after being presented with a
               | short-term thrill?
               | 
               | So, human behavior _is_ more complicated than just
               | counting? Why would someone eat pizza instead of granola?
               | Are there some physiological reasons for this? I wonder
               | if there might be an evolutionary advantage for a species
               | to develop the desire for high caloric foods? That sounds
               | like something that would make it much easier to make the
               | decision to seek out pizza, and much less likely to
               | choose granola. Especially when you consider that humans
               | are mostly creatures of habit.
               | 
               | Saying just count calories is reductive to the point of
               | absurdity. you can tell it doesn't work because it hasn't
               | worked for society for decades, yet it's such an obvious
               | solution no one stops to account for the astronomical
               | amount of evidence that proves "just try harder" does not
               | work on most humans. So, do you want to be right, or
               | would you like to do something that actually helps humans
               | improve their quality of life? "Just try harder" doesn't
               | work, and it takes wilful ignorance of the evidence to
               | claim otherwise.
               | 
               | let's apply this same logic to writing code, we wouldn't
               | have any more bugs if people just reviewed their changes
               | before committing, and wrote that one extra test, right?
               | Works on my machine, ship it to prod... what do you mean
               | millions of computers now bsod on boot? Surely it was
               | just that one extra test, and it's pointless to do staged
               | rollouts or smoke tests or anything like that?
               | 
               | Just never make a mistake is obviously asinine whether
               | you apply it to writing code, or deciding what to eat.
               | The difference being we don't have a millennia of
               | evolution trying to convince us to write bugs.
               | 
               | I agree with the premise, people are responsible for
               | their diet their decisions and their habits. I just don't
               | agree knowledge of that is enough for everyone to improve
               | their quality of life.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | > choose
             | 
             | You're letting that word do some very heavy lifting.
             | 
             | > To make a comparison
             | 
             | I think the comparison is very weak, very superficial. The
             | human body is way more complex than CICO. But your
             | comparison does have some intuitive value -- there are more
             | than a few people who consistently spend every penny they
             | make, and sometimes more, just trying to survive. We don't
             | see a lot of them on Hacker News, to be sure.
        
               | grecy wrote:
               | > * The human body is way more complex than CICO*
               | 
               | Genuine quesion - if I eat 1500 calories today and do a
               | measured 2000 calories of work on a treadmill, where did
               | that extra 500 calories of energy come from?
               | 
               | Are you suggesting my body can create energy from
               | nothing?
        
               | grayhatter wrote:
               | Generally your liver will store between 12 and 24 hours
               | of calories in the form of glucose. After that, it's
               | likely fat stores from adopose tissue (fat cells)
        
               | grecy wrote:
               | Right.
               | 
               | So how can CICO not work?
        
               | grayhatter wrote:
               | Given the observational evidence that it doesn't work,
               | what are you really asking?
               | 
               | Imagine a computer with a primary source of power, and a
               | backup supply. You're measuring CICO of the primary
               | supply. And you're tightly regulating the power available
               | on primary to keep a power deficit. Unfortunately, during
               | periods of high load, this computer is able to switch to
               | the backup supply which you aren't able to exert tight
               | control over.
               | 
               | There's a huge number of things that could cause a human
               | to ignore their best interests. Ignorance to
               | consequences, the long-term implications of any decision,
               | degraded mental health, external social pressures, the
               | list goes on and on.
               | 
               | Humans have impulses just like every animal, and proper
               | training can convince a dog not to immediately lunge and
               | eat every morsel of food they can smell. but it takes a
               | lot of work and external pressure to train that into a
               | dog, and even then given the right circumstances a dog
               | will still eat food above their caloric needs. Humans
               | behave the exact same way.
               | 
               | > it's easy for me to regulate my weight using cico, so
               | obviously it should be easy for everybody
               | 
               | I know that's not the claim you're making, but it seems
               | like it is and it is the one many other people in this
               | thread are making. just like it's easy to train some dogs
               | than it is train others. it's easier for some humans to
               | control their caloric intake than it is for others.
               | 
               | CICO doesn't work for most humans. Claiming otherwise is
               | on par with the saying just run this IOS app on Android
               | it's easy it works for me! Perhaps a sufficiently capable
               | engineer could make it work, but most humans aren't
               | sufficiently capable.
        
               | grecy wrote:
               | > _Given the observational evidence that it doesn 't
               | work_
               | 
               | I think you need to be very careful about your language
               | choice here.
               | 
               | Physics says it has to work. Every athlete on earth knows
               | it works. Everyone that has ever been in a prison camp,
               | concentration camp or had their calories restricted
               | outside of their control knows it works.
               | 
               | It absolutely, factually, 100% works. Our entire
               | understand of mammals and energy depends on it working.
               | 
               | What you are saying, is that people are unable to
               | exercise enough self-control to actually consume less
               | calories. If they did, it would work. But they don't.
               | 
               | That's like saying "pointers in C don't work" because
               | when many people try they get seg faults.
               | 
               | I really don't think it's constructive to say "CICO
               | doesn't work" when what you mean is "many people find
               | CICO difficult to implement, because having the self-
               | control/will power/determination/control to do that is
               | hard."
               | 
               | I became heavily involved in weight watchers (which is
               | essentially just CICO - their "points formula" is
               | basically calories/50). Over many years I watched
               | hundreds of people lose hundreds of pounds by being
               | careful about what they ate. It was hard. There were a
               | lot of tears, there were a lot of false starts and
               | plateaus and hard times. The people that stuck with it
               | had incredible transformations and live different lives
               | now. My room mate at the time lost almost 200lbs and
               | became head of the WW in that city and when I saw her
               | after 10 years I did not recognize her at all, and
               | actually refused to believe it was her for 5 minutes.
               | 
               | CICO absolutely works. Like most things worth doing in
               | life, it's hard. And it's worth it.
        
               | grayhatter wrote:
               | > What you are saying, is that people are unable to
               | exercise enough self-control to actually consume less
               | calories. If they did, it would work. But they don't.
               | 
               | That is not what I'm saying. It seems like you stopped
               | reading at "doesn't work" when what I said was "doesn't
               | work for most humans".
               | 
               | For many people, it feels impossible, so they give up.
               | Why are you advocating for doing something hard, instead
               | of doing something easy, there are definitely other
               | reasons you might want to argue for that. But you didn't
               | argue any of them. You parroted the exact same thing
               | again, trying to get your point across, while ignoring
               | mine.
               | 
               | > CICO absolutely works. Like most things worth doing in
               | life, it's hard. And it's worth it.
               | 
               | Why stubbornly refuse to entertain the idea it's too hard
               | for many people? Because it's does work, so everyone
               | who's life or health isn't in the state where they can do
               | the thing you admit is hard can just get fucked?
               | 
               | Nah, fuck that! If there's anything you can do, that will
               | improve your quality of life, you should do that. If you
               | can get into a more healthy physical shape in 1 year
               | instead of 5. You should!
               | 
               | I'm an advocate of doing things the hard way. I'm even
               | the same type that mocks people who claim cpointers are
               | impossible. But I'm also the type who will take as long
               | as it takes to teach someone how to understand and use
               | them. And if all you want is to make a fun jumping game.
               | I'll suggest trying python. and won't demand you write
               | everything in c including your own input lib.
               | 
               | You should do things the hard way. Because it will make
               | you stronger. But for so many people who have been beaten
               | down, they believe it's impossible; so demanding they're
               | only allowed to achieved success exclusively by doing it
               | the hardest way, is fucked up.
               | 
               | The options aren't the hard way, or nothing. But by
               | repeating CICO over and over without nuance, that's the
               | message you're sending. Do it the hard way, or give up.
               | 
               | Nah, fuck that. Try the hard way, then try something
               | else, then try something else. Then keep trying until you
               | improve your life. Then do it all over again with
               | something else you want to improve.
        
               | pugets wrote:
               | What word would be better than "choose" in this context?
               | For the majority of people who aren't prisoners or
               | toddlers, there is a good deal of personal choice that
               | determines what foods we eat and how much.
               | 
               | Even if fate has it that I must end up at a Wendy's drive
               | thru tomorrow night, couldn't it be true that I could
               | choose to eat the 400 calorie meal instead of the 800
               | calorie meal, or order water instead of Sprite?
        
               | grayhatter wrote:
               | Will. Will is a better word. Every day you will consume
               | calories less than, equal to, or greater than the amount
               | of calories you expend.
               | 
               | The problem with choose is it implies an intentional,
               | free choice. I can manufacturer plenty of contrived
               | examples to show it's not always the choice of the
               | person. But I'll use a real one I remember.
               | 
               | Yes, you, who I assume has thought deeply about personal
               | responsibility and and willpower and how to obtain the
               | best life for yourself over what I assume to be between
               | years and decades of practice doing that, are able to
               | choose water over Sprite.
               | 
               | but I can tell you from the experience of somebody who
               | strongly believes in the responsibility of your own
               | decisions, and how willpower is a learnable skill, and
               | about being healthy, and about how every decision
               | matters. When I'm tired, and depressed, and feel like I'm
               | about to break. Even knowing, even having the thought
               | that I _should_ choose water over soda, I 've still
               | chosen soda.
               | 
               | Fair choice though right? There were no other factors, or
               | influence over why I drank 200 calories of sugar? I
               | should just have remembered water would be healthier?
               | 
               | That's what I assume they said the word choose is doing a
               | lot of heavy lifting. because often choose is presented
               | exactly the way that you did.
               | 
               | > Even if fate has it that I must end up at a Wendy's
               | drive thru tomorrow night, couldn't it be true that I
               | could choose to eat the 400 calorie meal instead of the
               | 800 calorie meal, or order water instead of Sprite?
               | 
               | When often, humans tend to be slightly more complex than
               | just that.
        
               | Ferret7446 wrote:
               | > The human body is way more complex than CICO
               | 
               | The human body is way more complex so as to defy the laws
               | of physics as we know it? The human body cannot create
               | matter. In order for it to increase in mass, you must be
               | inserting extra mass into it.
        
               | immibis wrote:
               | Note that none of the known laws of physics say that
               | excess energy is saved by converting (which raw
               | materials?) into fat and storing them.
        
               | grecy wrote:
               | Sure, a mammal does not HAVE to store excess energy.
               | 
               | But that is entirely irrelevant when a mammal eats less
               | energy than they consume for a while. In that instance
               | they MUST burn some stored reserves or break the laws of
               | physics
        
           | confidantlake wrote:
           | It works in the same way as crossing the finish line first
           | works to win a race. Of course it works, do that and you win
           | 100% of the time. It is not that it doesn't work, it is that
           | it is extremely difficult to do.
        
           | adrian_b wrote:
           | I hear very often this theory that "it just doesn't work".
           | 
           | To be fair, I had also believed this for many years.
           | 
           | However, all the people who claim that "it just doesn't
           | work", have never made any serious attempt to do "it", so
           | they cannot know whether it does work or not.
           | 
           | I have been obese for more than a decade, during which I have
           | made several attempts to lose weight, which have all failed,
           | because they were not done in the right manner.
           | 
           | Then I have made a final attempt using the correct method,
           | and I have lost about 35% of my initial body weight during
           | about ten months, at a steady rate between 100 g and 150 g
           | per day, i.e. about 1 kg per week.
           | 
           | This was more than 10 years ago and since then I have kept a
           | constant weight. Because I have done this once, now I can
           | control my weight and have any weight I want, even if I gain
           | weight extremely easily. It is enough to eat one day like I
           | was eating when I was obese to gain enough weight to require
           | a week of weight losing diet to go back to the desired
           | weight.
           | 
           | The rules for losing weight and maintaining the weight are
           | very simple, but they must be observed and those who claim
           | that "it doesn't work" never try to observe the rules, so it
           | is entirely predictable that it cannot work for them.
           | 
           | First, it should be obvious that after losing weight one must
           | eat differently as before, otherwise weight will be gained
           | until reaching again the original weight.
           | 
           | To be able to control the weight, anyone who is or has been
           | obese must stop eating until they feel satiated. At each
           | meal, one must plan before beginning to eat how much to eat
           | and then eat only the amount planned, never more than that.
           | One must eat a fixed number of meals per day (preferably few,
           | e.g. only two meals per day should be enough for an adult who
           | has a sedentary lifestyle) and never eat between meals any
           | kind of snacks or drink any sweet of fatty beverages. Between
           | meals, only water or beverages without any calories (e.g.
           | unsweetened herbal teas or tea or coffee) are acceptable
           | intakes.
           | 
           | While losing weight, the most important thing is to weigh
           | oneself every day with precise digital scales (with a
           | resolution of 100 grams or less), at the same hour and in the
           | same physiological conditions, i.e. in the same order with
           | respect to meals and relieving oneself.
           | 
           | Whenever the weight is not less than the previous day, then
           | the quantity of food planned for the current day must be
           | diminished in comparison with the previous day. At the very
           | beginning of losing weight there may be a delay, e.g. of a
           | week or so between starting to eat less every day until the
           | weight begins to decrease, but eventually it is possible to
           | reach a steady state of a constant rate of losing weight per
           | day.
           | 
           | When diminishing the amount of eaten food, only the
           | carbohydrates and the non-essential fats must be reduced. The
           | amount of proteins, essential fatty acids, vitamins and
           | minerals must remain normal. To achieve this, one must eat a
           | source of pure proteins, for example turkey breast or chicken
           | breast or some kind of protein powders, so that eating enough
           | proteins contributes only a minimum amount of calories. The
           | rest of the nutrients can be provided mostly by non-starchy
           | vegetables and perhaps by some supplements like fish oil. One
           | could also eat almost anything that is not recommended, for
           | instance chocolate, with the condition that the quantity is
           | negligible, which can normally be achieved only when such
           | treats are not eaten every day, but e.g. only once or twice
           | per week.
           | 
           | These rules are simple and anyone who follows them will lose
           | as much weight as desired. Obviously, this is easier said
           | than done, because for the entire duration of the weight-
           | losing diet one will be permanently hungry and one would tend
           | to think about food and it will be difficult to resist
           | temptations, so it is better to not keep in the house any
           | kind of food that can be eaten immediately, without requiring
           | some kind of preparation. Unfortunately, this is unavoidable
           | and it is the price that must be paid. After the first few
           | weeks, the hunger sensation diminishes in intensity and it
           | always disappears for a few hours whenever you find some work
           | to do that captures your attention.
           | 
           | As long as you do not want to follow such rules, you will not
           | lose weight, but that is because you do not want to do it,
           | not because it does not work.
           | 
           | Not wanting to do it is a valid reason, because one may abhor
           | more the feeling of hunger during many months than being
           | obese, but this decision must be described correctly and not
           | be justified by the false claim that "it doesn't work". At
           | least in my case, the improvement in my health and in what I
           | was able to do (e.g. before losing weight climbing a few
           | stairs would make me tired and sweaty) has made worthwhile
           | any displeasure felt during losing weight and I have been
           | very happy to have achieved that.
        
             | grecy wrote:
             | I'm sorry for the downvotes.
             | 
             | What you did takes a lot of discipline and hard work, and
             | you did it.
             | 
             | Of course eating less calories than you consume results in
             | weight loss, and you stuck with it. Congrats and Thanks for
             | the details
        
               | adrian_b wrote:
               | Thanks.
               | 
               | I must say that I really understand what is in the mind
               | of those who claim that "it doesn't work", because this
               | is exactly what I had believed during many years, after
               | many failed attempts to lose weight.
               | 
               | I had become convinced that nothing that I can do could
               | change my weight.
               | 
               | Nevertheless, now, after I had eventually done it, I can
               | see clearly the errors of my previous ways, so I can no
               | longer agree with the opinion that it does not work, when
               | it can actually work very well, as long as you accept
               | that you must be hungry all the time while you are doing
               | it.
               | 
               | I want to add that the feeling of hunger can be
               | diminished a lot when you eat food cooked at home instead
               | of industrially-produced food, especially when you avoid
               | sweetened food. Using modern techniques, like cooking all
               | meat and vegetables in a microwave oven, it is possible
               | to cook food at home in an extremely short time, so the
               | lack of time is no longer a valid excuse for eating junk
               | food.
        
               | grecy wrote:
               | I personally just eat unlimited vegetables... even raw.
               | It's impossible to eat enough to meet my calorie needs
        
           | _heimdall wrote:
           | All this study really shows is an analysis of medical records
           | with no background of the peoples' diet or lifestyle. The
           | outcome should be obvious and expected, those who are
           | overweight and obese were found to stay that way.
           | 
           | The fact that the rate of obesity in the US has pretty
           | consistently risen for decades makes that clear, you don't
           | need statistical models of medical records to know that the
           | rate of obesity could only really keep going up if those
           | already obese stay that way.
        
           | zahlman wrote:
           | >There was a massive (18,000,000 people) cohort analysis
           | published in 2023 that showed the likelihood of someone
           | losing 5% of their body weight in any given year was 1 in 11
           | 
           | Unsurprising. They ran statistics on arbitrary overweight and
           | obese people, with no idea of who was actively seeking to
           | lose weight or who was just coming away from such an effort.
           | If a significant fraction of the overweight/obese population
           | _did_ lose 5% of body weight /year, we wouldn't be seeing a
           | bunch of overweight/obese people.
        
         | nullc wrote:
         | Glad you're having a good time, but the broad ranging
         | psychological effects are concerning.
        
           | noch wrote:
           | > but the broad ranging psychological effects are concerning.
           | 
           | Fwiw, to me the symptoms he and others have described don't
           | seem very different from those of long fasting. And I would
           | definitely prefer those symptoms to the ones I had due to
           | obesity which ranged from extreme fatigue, heart-pain, muscle
           | spasms, depressive shame, restlessness and so forth.
        
           | firesteelrain wrote:
           | What kinds?
           | 
           | I have been taking tirz for 7 weeks and walking 5 miles a day
           | + exercise. My depression is gone and I have lost 30 lbs. I
           | am loving life.
        
         | noch wrote:
         | > Saturday is injection day, but Sunday is where it really
         | becomes quite noticeable that I took it. Monday-Wednesday is
         | cruising altitude and the effects are good but not over the
         | top. Thursday I can feel it tapering, and today ... well, I'm
         | looking forward to tomorrow's injection. I might switch to a
         | twice-a-week split dose at some point to ease the peaks and
         | valleys.
         | 
         | Perhaps coincidentally, this is similar to my experience with
         | week long fasts: After 48 hours I feel like a precision missile
         | cruising towards my target until about 5-6 days later.
         | 
         | But I will use a suitable GLP-1 based drug, because, man,
         | fasting feels unbearably brutal for me after 6 days: profuse
         | sweat, increased heart rate, brief but intense panic attacks,
         | an insane level of sad (but not depressed) introspection, a
         | hairpin trigger temper. I become a ridiculous mess. There's got
         | to be a better way!
         | 
         | Thanks for sharing your experience and insight!
        
           | whatshisface wrote:
           | You could have food allergies that take a couple days to
           | clear up.
        
         | pixl97 wrote:
         | >I might switch to a twice-a-week split dose at some point to
         | ease the peaks and valleys.
         | 
         | If you're willing to shoot up more often it moderates the
         | effects better.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | I definitely am. That first shot took a solid 30 seconds and
           | three false starts before I could jab it in, but it turns out
           | to be a great big nothingburger once you do it. Can barely
           | even feel it, nothing like the intramuscular shots like
           | flu/etc. I could do this shot as often as necessary without
           | batting an eye.
        
           | spondylosaurus wrote:
           | Might have to float this by my tirz-taking partner,
           | especially if it helps with side effects. They always feel a
           | little icky the day immediately after a dose.
        
         | nixosbestos wrote:
         | These are the same effects I got from doing OMAD and going
         | gluten free. If I fuck up and eat processed food, the "food
         | brain" comes back, and I start chasing dopamine like a fiend.
         | 
         | I'm a fan of these tools helping people get this insight,
         | because otherwise people just accept that cloud as their
         | normal.
        
         | iLoveOncall wrote:
         | > The biggest negative, which just takes adjustment, is
         | drastically lower stomach capacity. Used to be that two eggs
         | and two pieces of toast was breakfast. Now I better skip at
         | least one of those pieces of toast or I'm going to feel
         | overfull and might get reflux as punishment.
         | 
         | If you want to be successful long term in your weight loss,
         | especially after stopping the drug, you should really invest in
         | changing your mindset.
         | 
         | This is a massive positive, not at all a negative.
         | 
         | You got fat because you ate too much. If you don't understand
         | what are normal portions now, you'll go back to your starting
         | weight as soon as the drug isn't having effects anymore.
         | 
         | This is a lifestyle change that you MUST embrace to be
         | successful long term.
        
       | setgree wrote:
       | There's some evidence that Ozempic improves general impulse
       | control, e.g decreasing alcohol consumption [0], which the
       | article mentions.
       | 
       | Also, as Tyler Cowen writes [1], this is probably going to
       | translate into big improvements for animal welfare:
       | 
       | > People lose weight on these drugs because they eat less, and
       | eating less usually means eating less meat. And less meat
       | consumption results in less factory farming. This should count as
       | a major victory for animal welfare advocates, even though it did
       | not come about through their efforts. No one had to be converted
       | to vegetarianism, and since these drugs offer other benefits,
       | this change in the equilibrium is self-sustaining and likely to
       | grow considerably.
       | 
       | So overall, widespread Ozempic adoption seems like progress to
       | me.
       | 
       | [0] https://www.npr.org/sections/health-
       | shots/2023/08/28/1194526...
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2024-07-20/animal...
        
         | tredre3 wrote:
         | > big improvements for animal welfare
         | 
         | Is it? It might reduce the amount of animals killed, sure, but
         | it won't improve the well-being of the ones that are still
         | raised.
        
           | exitb wrote:
           | While this entire chain of thought seems a bit far fetched, I
           | think the reasoning here is that if you lower the demand for
           | meat, you don't have to resort to factory farming.
        
             | randomdata wrote:
             | When was the last time you saw profitability increase, even
             | remain stagnant, when demand declined?
             | 
             | Let's be real. If demand for meat declines, producers will
             | have to double down on "factories" in order to remain
             | solvent.
        
               | exitb wrote:
               | Yes, I agree. As I said, that entire argument is far
               | fetched at a few different points, this being one of
               | them.
        
               | dghlsakjg wrote:
               | Anecdotally, I disagree.
               | 
               | I went through a period of vegetarianism (for health
               | reasons, not directly for ethics), and once I started
               | eating meat again, 1. I eat a lot less, which 2. means
               | that I can be much more intentional about sourcing it.
               | 
               | Right now the bulk of the meat that I eat at home
               | throughout the year comes from 1 or 2 animals that are
               | locally sourced and butchered (normally I share a portion
               | of a pig and a cow), and the occasional wild caught fish.
               | The meat is tastier, and I can go see the actual animals
               | at the farm if I so choose. They are not factory farmed,
               | and the price per pound is about the same as buying
               | industrial meat at the grocery store since I am buying
               | directly from the farmer, and paying a local processor
               | for their services.
               | 
               | As things wane in popularity it might be true that they
               | become more of a commodity, or it might be true that they
               | become more of a niche product where people care more.
               | 
               | I would like to think that if meat consumption becomes
               | more of a treat than an everyday thing, that people would
               | treat it as such, and go out of their way to eat
               | something that tastes better.
               | 
               | Food for thought?
        
             | setgree wrote:
             | I would hope this happens, but merely having fewer animals
             | alive in factory farming conditions would be a welfare gain
             | from me because I think a factory farmed animal's life
             | falls below the "life is worth living" threshold. YMMV.
        
           | elif wrote:
           | It also reduces the number of animals that suffer if the
           | suffering is more important to your ethics.
        
             | randomdata wrote:
             | Maybe. There is some evidence that the decline in fertility
             | rates are associated with overweight and obesity. Social
             | and biological factors leave having children more difficult
             | when one is outside of a "normal" weight range. If everyone
             | is on Ozempic, they might have more children, requiring
             | more overall food and harming even more animals in the
             | process.
        
               | Qem wrote:
               | > If everyone is on Ozempic, they might have more
               | children, requiring more overall food and harming even
               | more animals in the process.
               | 
               | It's reported it reduces a series of impulsive
               | behaviours. Would it extend to sex? If people are less
               | willing to have sex, maybe broad consumption of the
               | medicine will further drop fertility rates.
        
               | randomdata wrote:
               | Maybe. If more people are less willing to have sex, does
               | that harm the animals (meaning humans) who still seek
               | it/want more of it?
        
           | eightysixfour wrote:
           | This gets into a deep philosophical question people spend too
           | much time arguing about. In short, some would argue suffering
           | is multiplied by the number of sentient beings that
           | experience it, others would argue only the average "amount"
           | of suffering matters. You can end with some absurd paradoxes
           | if you take either to their extremes.
           | 
           | The reality is probably somewhere in the middle.
        
             | ben_w wrote:
             | > The reality is probably somewhere in the middle.
             | 
             | I think such paradoxes demonstrate we probably need a
             | completely different approach than anything we've done so
             | far.
             | 
             | Utilitarianism feels to me like Mill & Bentham discovered
             | basic arithmetic and didn't even realise there was more to
             | maths than that.
        
               | beepbooptheory wrote:
               | It is perhaps simply the case that such things are
               | inherently paradoxical. There is nothing in the stars
               | that says ethics should obey PnC!
               | 
               | You see a paradox and say "well that's not right, we
               | should do something about it." This has been the story
               | since Kant, but for his part, everyone seems to forget
               | that he doesn't ultimately "solve" his antinomies, he
               | just leaves them as conclusions, "effects of pure
               | reason."
               | 
               | It seems way more unreasonable to assert that, in fact,
               | there _is_ some consistent, complete ethical framework
               | out there, but we havent found it yet, than it is to just
               | accept that some kernels of truth or sense are not
               | formalizable in the classical sense.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | I don't know what you mean by PnC, and the Wikipedia
               | disambiguation page didn't help:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PNC
               | 
               | > It seems way more unreasonable to assert that, in fact,
               | there is some consistent, complete ethical framework out
               | there, but we havent found it yet, than it is to just
               | accept that some kernels of truth or sense are not
               | formalizable in the classical sense.
               | 
               | We can prove that complete and consistent set of axioms
               | for all mathematics is impossible. An equivalent proof
               | for ethics would itself be useful.
               | 
               | However, we do not need to concern ourselves with
               | infinite sets etc. for ethics the way we do with natural
               | numbers, as there's only relatively (in mathematical
               | terms) small number of real people to interact with or
               | influence the lives of.
               | 
               | We may not be able to reach an optimal outcome with even
               | a limited n, if it turns out to be akin to P != NP. But
               | even knowing that, would itself be useful.
               | 
               | The problem I have with Utilitarianism isn't any of these
               | things, it's that it's simply trying to maximise how much
               | utility there is in the world, then immediately tripping
               | over itself because the terms "utility", "maximise" and
               | "the world" aren't well-defined, and the way it is
               | introduced is simply adding up.
        
             | wholinator2 wrote:
             | I'm curious about the paradoxes, if you have any on hand
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mere_addition_paradox
               | 
               | and
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utility_monster
        
               | eightysixfour wrote:
               | Mere addition, as mentioned by the other user is the
               | primary one I was referring to, but breaking different
               | approaches to utilitarianism only requires one to take
               | them to their extremes.
               | 
               | If average welfare of humans is all that matters, then
               | one happy human living alone in the universe is the
               | equivalent of a million happy humans.
               | 
               | If sum of "welfare" is all that matters, then you can
               | argue an exceptionally large number of people being
               | tortured indefinitely is better than a happy person.
        
             | randomdata wrote:
             | _> In short, some would argue suffering is multiplied by
             | the number of sentient beings that experience it_
             | 
             | Factored by how cute the animal is. As a producer of plants
             | for human consumption, it's quite obvious that orders of
             | magnitude more animals are harmed in that process than are
             | ever harmed in traditional meat production. But they're
             | mostly ugly insects, so nobody cares.
        
           | ben_w wrote:
           | Sounds like you're valuing <mean harm per animal> over
           | <integral of harm over all animals>?
           | 
           | I don't get why that would be a better measure?
        
           | Tempat wrote:
           | I suppose thinner people do probably walk their dogs more
           | often...
        
         | throwaway888abc wrote:
         | How long till we become voluntary Voyagers [0] ?
         | 
         | [0] https://www.imdb.com/title/tt9664108/
        
         | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
         | Yay, more dependence on the people that are causing the
         | problems to begin with!
         | 
         | I swear covid was a personality test. If you came out of the
         | last 4 years and are looking for more dependence on government
         | and pharma... well, the horseshoe is a V I guess.
        
         | user395929935 wrote:
         | Naltrexone will do the same thing. For alcohol, opioid, or
         | binge eating control. Improve T3 and helps with blood sugar,
         | and its orally bioavailable.
        
           | WhatIsDukkha wrote:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naltrexone#Controversies
        
         | elif wrote:
         | That sounds speculative and would require some deep research to
         | find if it's even happening.
         | 
         | I think it's equally plausible that the US increases food
         | exports rather than lower production. Especially as production
         | is subsidized.
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | If this increases food stability around the world, then in
           | general it's a good thing.
           | 
           | This said, obesity is exploding everywhere else in the world
           | too, so it's not just a US problem.
        
         | kornork wrote:
         | I think the assertion that "eating less usually means eating
         | less meat" is probably false (though I couldn't read the
         | article cuz paywall).
         | 
         | The first article talks plenty about why: people are eating
         | less of the the things that are addictive to them, such as
         | alcohol and cookies, which are a major source of calories.
        
         | akira2501 wrote:
         | Eating animals and animal welfare are two entirely different
         | things. We could all be vegetarians and still be intentionally
         | or unintentionally intolerably cruel to all other life on this
         | planet.
        
         | pfdietz wrote:
         | I had a short conversation with an agronomist friend of mine.
         | Crop prices are in the dumps right now, and I was wondering if
         | it's because of these drugs. He said this is being openly
         | discussed.
        
           | GeorgeTirebiter wrote:
           | What percentage of the population is on GLP-1 drugs right
           | now?
           | 
           | Well "According to KFF polling from May 2024, 6% of all
           | adults report that they currently are taking a GLP-1 drug,
           | and 12% report that they've ever taken a GLP-1 drug".
           | 
           | Is 6% enough to affect crop prices? Presumably some ag
           | economist can weigh in. Note it would only be a reduction per
           | person, not a full 6% reduction in consumption.
        
         | nixosbestos wrote:
         | This matches experience with dieting and impulse control,
         | without these drugs even. Two days of junk food and the food
         | brain is SCREAMING in my head. So I just don't do it. It's also
         | way more obvious when I mess up, that it makes my body feel
         | _bad_.
         | 
         | But when I say food brain, it's _everything_. I want to vape, I
         | want to have more coffee, then more beer, then some cannabis to
         | go to sleep. Wake up and hit the dopamine cycle again. I have
         | to take care of myself and ask  "why am I doing this, could I
         | just not, and if so I must not".
        
         | kbelder wrote:
         | >There's some evidence that Ozempic improves general impulse
         | control
         | 
         | While remaining on the drug.
         | 
         | I expect your impulse control will be even worse after getting
         | off of it, but I don't have a study to back that up.
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | > There's some evidence that Ozempic improves general impulse
         | control
         | 
         | What if it makes us get a better control over our consumption
         | behavior in general?
         | 
         | Wouldn't some large companies have a problem with that and
         | fight it?
        
       | indiebat wrote:
       | I don't want this to come out insensitive or from under the rock,
       | but why is taking a drug a novel & cool idea (all of a
       | sudden/recently) as opposed to good old fashioned working out and
       | not eating more than what you need? okay, this drug is all kinds
       | of great and it's the next best thing since green grapes, still
       | not eating more and workout is better than taking drugs that
       | effect your brain right? Are doctors required to explain this
       | before prescribing this in US?
        
         | apsec112 wrote:
         | Saying that the cure for obesity is to eat less is like saying
         | that the cure for heroin addiction is to stop using heroin.
         | It's both clearly true, and also useless.
        
           | chrismarlow9 wrote:
           | The cure is to teach from an early age about impulse control,
           | moderation, and how to spot signs of addiction in yourself
           | early. This goes for:
           | 
           | Social media
           | 
           | Drugs and alcohol
           | 
           | Food
           | 
           | Or literally any other addiction. I don't think this is a
           | useless thing to discuss.
        
             | soulbadguy wrote:
             | And yet most obese people are no more addicted to food than
             | you are addicted to oxygen...
             | 
             | It's so bizarre how many people will pretzel their way into
             | moralistic non sense to find a solution to what is clearly
             | a medical problem.
             | 
             | Obesity as far as we understanding it now is an hunger
             | regulation problem. For unknown reason a lot of people
             | still feel the need to eat even when their body is clearly
             | in calory surplus.
             | 
             | No amount of of impulse control or moderation can make you
             | override billions of years of evolution and not eat when
             | you are starving... if we could... society would be a very
             | different place
        
               | WA wrote:
               | My theory is that consuming sugar makes you more hungry.
               | You can eat until you're full, but if you eat desert or a
               | sugary snack a little later, it makes you feel less full
               | and you can eat more. As if your brain notices the sugar
               | source and switches into "full loading mode" and craves
               | more of this historically rare resource.
               | 
               | > And yet most obese people are no more addicted to food
               | than you are addicted to oxygen...
               | 
               | Most obese people seem to be addicted to sugary food,
               | soft drings, desert and all that, which then triggers
               | more eating.
               | 
               | In addition, it might be a gut bacteria thing. If your
               | gut is used to processing lots of sugar, you crave it
               | even more and fighting your gut microbiome requires way
               | too much impulse control and moderation.
               | 
               | The solution might be to recognize this mechanism, remove
               | all sugar from the diet and find a way to control
               | impulses for a few weeks until the gut bacteria changed.
               | 
               | Drinking water and chewing sugar-free gum helps me to
               | remove food cravings temporarily with no downsides.
               | But... I have a normal weight.
        
               | scotteric wrote:
               | I think insulin resistance from excess calorie and
               | carbohydrate consumption has a lot to do with it. One of
               | the symptoms of hyperglycemia is increased hunger, since
               | glucose is staying in your blood stream instead of
               | getting into your cells. 1/3 Americans have prediabetes,
               | and more than that are probably developing insulin
               | resistance.
        
               | wiseowise wrote:
               | > For unknown reason a lot of people still feel the need
               | to eat even when their body is clearly in calory surplus.
               | 
               | Boredom, stress, unhappy life, happy life, laziness - it
               | could be anything. You know what it couldn't be?
               | Exercise. I'm yet to see a person working out hard and
               | eating at the same time.
        
               | cthalupa wrote:
               | > I'm yet to see a person working out hard and eating at
               | the same time.
               | 
               | No, but plenty of people have their hunger stimulated by
               | exercise and eat too much after.
               | 
               | You simply can't fix being overweight or obese with
               | exercise alone in the vast majority of people. Even if
               | you don't believe in the constrained total energy model
               | that a good chunk of metabolic research PhDs think is at
               | least somewhat true and instead believe solely in the
               | additive model, exercise stimulates hunger and it's far
               | easier to eat 1000 calories than burn 1000 calories.
               | 
               | You have to do both and exercise doesn't automatically
               | make the other easy.
        
             | pixl97 wrote:
             | Ok, in the US start talking about food addiction seriously
             | and see what happens.
             | 
             | Do you remember how long it took to get tobacco mostly
             | banned in the US? Do you remember how much the tobacco
             | industry played the skeptic and introduced bunk science
             | into the mix?
             | 
             | Well Coca Cola, Pepsico, Nestle, and all the other junk
             | food companies have been on this game for years now. Want
             | to change school curriculum?, well your political opponent
             | has $100,000-$1,000,000 more than you from the make people
             | fat industry. Meanwhile there are a crazy number of attack
             | ads against you for being a crazy commie that wants to
             | control peoples lives, you socialist bastard, you're
             | against freedom.
        
             | dleink wrote:
             | The presently addicted and obese thank you for your service
             | to the future.
        
           | indiebat wrote:
           | Heroin changes brain chemically, it's (more) serious
           | addiction than obesity, again being a little insensitive to
           | obese people, but they're bad in comparison. And there are
           | degrees of truthfulness & wrongness right!
           | 
           | About the point you're making, two generations before you and
           | me, people where fit, more attentive & generally healthy
           | (outside vaccines that prevent diseases now & positive
           | effects due to advancements in medicine), what changed?
           | 
           | Not as platitude, but go from first principles, the choices
           | you make everyday effects your mind (& the time you spend on
           | particular activities), and if they aren't life affirming
           | (for lack of better words), in due time you limit your
           | options (ie less choices from your mind, bad food or less bad
           | food or multiple bad ways to spend your time?), till you
           | proclaim from high top mountains 'oh god, I'm helpless
           | without acceptance from some higher power!'
           | 
           | This isn't to say, I'll be as preachy and asshole(ish) to a
           | friend or someone I care about in similar need, I'll probably
           | say 'seek medical help etc' like you. But thinking things
           | through & arriving at truth is important, don't you think?
           | 
           | This is different to mental strength or controlling yourself
           | etc, it's more about self reflection & freedom through
           | discipline, respecting your life, decisions & thoughts more
           | than your impulsive emotions in an ever distracting world,
           | that kind of thing..
           | 
           | I don't think I'll change your mind or this will come across
           | in good faith, that's okay, I'm in a reflective mood, and
           | it's awfully chilly outside :-)
        
             | soulbadguy wrote:
             | > About the point you're making, 2 generations before you
             | and me, people where fit, more attentive & generally
             | healthy (outside vaccines that prevent diseases now &
             | positive effects due to advancements in medicine), what
             | changed?
             | 
             | Air pollution, water quality, pestecide, food/produce
             | quality, plastic particule everywhere...
             | 
             | I find this perspective so bizarre.
             | 
             | Whats the most probable in 2 generation of exponentially
             | increasing and barely regulated technological changes :
             | culture has change so dramatically as to change human
             | nature and makes us all lazy... or... something in the
             | environment/food chain is having phisiolical/biological
             | effects...
        
               | indiebat wrote:
               | People living in country side & eating from organic
               | farming, they're doing alright (similar to our closest
               | ancestors), but that's beside the point
               | 
               | Cultural change over 2/3 even 10 generations will not
               | significantly alter your biology. Pollution &
               | disintegration in modern world you're referring to, they
               | do have negative effects on our health, but it's not the
               | whole story and they possibly cannot have effects on your
               | decisions about what you eat and how you spend your time
               | right?
               | 
               | I'm particularly referring to obesity caused by over
               | eating, bad life style etc (not the other rare serious
               | persistent irreversible kind that happens as side effect
               | of more serious ailments or genetics)
        
               | soulbadguy wrote:
               | I can't quite understand if you are agreeing or
               | disagreeing with me...
               | 
               | You seem to be restating my point as if you are
               | contradicting my statements.
               | 
               | > People living in country side & eating from organic
               | farming, they're doing alright (similar to our closest
               | ancestors), but that's beside the point
               | 
               | Maybe ( I would love to see some sources for this
               | assertion). But even if I give that to you, you basically
               | saying that modern environment are somewhat
               | obisidigenic... which is what I was saying.
               | 
               | > Cultural change over 2/3 even 10 generations will not
               | significantly alter your biology.
               | 
               | Okay... same., still just restating what i have said.
               | 
               | > they possibly cannot have effects on your decisions
               | about what you eat and how you spend your time right?
               | 
               | They can and they do... let me introduce you to lead in
               | paint and in the environment...
               | 
               | > particularly referring to obesity caused by over eating
               | 
               | All obesity is cause by over eating (all most by
               | definition) the point here is that over eating is not
               | cause by lack of will power or poor decision making
        
             | pixl97 wrote:
             | >About the point you're making, two generations before you
             | and me, people where fit, more attentive & generally
             | healthy
             | 
             | Everything.
             | 
             | Two generations ago you didn't eat out 4+ times per week.
             | Portion sizes at restaurants were 50%+ smaller. Food
             | sciences were not as optimized at making junk food as they
             | are today. In general we were poorer and bought less junk
             | food. We were more apt to work jobs that didn't involve
             | sitting in one place for long periods of time.
             | 
             | >I don't think I'll change your mind or this will come
             | across in good faith
             | 
             | I believe it's what you think, but when 74% of the
             | population doesn't subscribe your philosophy then you're
             | tilting at windmills. Yea, maybe someday people will catch
             | on to that and all will be good, but that's not the way the
             | entire world is going. We need solutions we can enact now
             | to solve problems we have now.
        
           | wiseowise wrote:
           | Well, of course if you've been jacking heroin for 30 years
           | and all your veins are destroyed beyond repair it's useless.
           | It'll take as much, or even more, to return back to normal.
        
         | codingdave wrote:
         | Because not everyone has willpower and discipline. People who
         | do have those strengths often think it is just as simple as
         | saying, "Just take care of yourself", but it is not that easy
         | for many people. High blood sugar also increases cravings,
         | which makes it even harder, bringing on a downward spiral.
         | 
         | This drug can help break out of that spiral and fix the
         | craving/willpower problems.
        
           | lurking_swe wrote:
           | what you say is mostly true, but I will point out that it
           | does not break any spiral. It's frequently reported that as
           | soon as you stop taking Ozempic, the weight comes back
           | immediately. so unless one resolves the underlying problem,
           | you will be on this drug for life.
        
             | DrillShopper wrote:
             | That's not unique to Ozempic and (while I know you didn't
             | make this specific argument, but others in this subthread
             | have) is a piss poor reason to tell someone they shouldn't
             | give it a try.
        
               | lurking_swe wrote:
               | i don't disagree. Just pointing out that (obviously) this
               | should be a last resort drug. AFTER someone has tried
               | lifestyle interventions for a few years IMO.
               | 
               | The problem is when someone does NOT put in the effort to
               | talk to their doctor, meet with a dietician, learn about
               | healthy eating, and put in an honest effort to improve
               | their life before just popping a pill.
               | 
               | That said, i think it's great that's it's helping people
               | who otherwise would just be obese and have many other
               | health issues due to that. It's a big risk factor.
        
             | mrshadowgoose wrote:
             | This isn't the revelation you think it is. Chronic medical
             | conditions require lifetime treatment. That isn't news to
             | anyone.
             | 
             | It's funny how obesity is the only chronic medical
             | condition that garners a huge volume of your particular
             | kind of comment.
             | 
             | Would you be mentioning this for someone prescribed a
             | diabetic, blood pressure or cholesterol medication?
             | Statistically, likely not. So maybe take a step back, and
             | examine why are you so averse to other people losing weight
             | with medication.
        
               | lurking_swe wrote:
               | i actually would, if they were caused by bad lifestyle
               | habits or similar issues. I am a firm believer that
               | medication should be used AFTER a serious attempt has
               | been made to address the underlying issue, if possible.
               | 
               | if you are type 2 diabetic, that means you've probably
               | been eating poorly for a long time. The happy path here
               | is that one goes to a checkup and learns they are pre-
               | diabetic, and their PCP refers them to a dietician. The
               | patient hopefully learns how to make healthy food choices
               | for themselves. All of this so they don't develop type 2
               | diabetes. Maybe even temporarily prescribe a low
               | metformin dose while they figure out the lifestyle
               | changes needed.
               | 
               | If they struggle and lifestyle interventions fail, then
               | of course, they should be prescribed insulin so they
               | don't have further devastating complications as they get
               | older.
               | 
               | The same can be said for ozempic. What kind of lunatic
               | would suggest starting ozempic without FIRST giving
               | honest education and lifestyle adjustments a try? That
               | should be step 1. And i'm talking proper education from a
               | licensed dietician, not silly blogs or advice people see
               | on tiktok these days. If step 1 fails, proceed to
               | medication.
               | 
               | That's my perspective at least. Big pharma isn't your
               | friend. It's a backup plan and a necessary evil in most
               | cases (with obvious exceptions like vaccines,
               | antibiotics, etc)
        
               | mrshadowgoose wrote:
               | > What kind of lunatic would suggest starting ozempic
               | without FIRST giving honest education and lifestyle
               | adjustments a try?
               | 
               | What kind of lunatic would suggest an approach that
               | evidence does not support as being effective? Lifestyle
               | modification, at the population level, just doesn't work.
               | GLP-1 agonists do.
        
               | lurking_swe wrote:
               | so at the individual level, you wouldn't encourage a
               | patient to explore lifestyle interventions FIRST? That's
               | seems unethical to me.
               | 
               | I agree that at the population level, this will be a game
               | changer. As you say, the average person struggles with
               | lifestyle adjustments.
        
             | bloopernova wrote:
             | Perfectionism prevents progress.
        
           | indiebat wrote:
           | > Break out from the spiral
           | 
           | I see the point in this, but do you think it's marketed as
           | such and perhaps better question, used for exactly that and
           | not more by vulnerable patients etc? (not well informed about
           | long term side effects, some might even be unknown, if I
           | might add)
           | 
           | I take my vaccines and generally gravitate to sanity over
           | conspiracy stuff (that is to say, If I sound like that, i'm
           | not)
        
           | tjader wrote:
           | I don't think it's just people who have willpower and
           | discipline, it seems to me that for most people it doesn't
           | take as much willpower and discipline to stay at a reasonable
           | weight. These arguments make it sound as if _everyone_ who is
           | at a reasonable weight is there through large amounts of
           | willpower and discipline, but most people I know don 't need
           | to exercise X times per week and constantly watch what they
           | eat to keep that weight.
           | 
           | It's much easier when you can trust your body feedback and
           | rely on your regular hunger signals, but for most people who
           | benefit from Ozempic for weight loss if they just trust their
           | bodies they will get fat.
        
             | pixl97 wrote:
             | Yea, when you look historically, starvation and food
             | shortages were the norm. If you were a person that could
             | pack on the pounds during the bountiful times, you could
             | survive the lean times. Suddenly we live in the times of
             | never ending plenty and we're told "what's wrong with you".
        
         | xvedejas wrote:
         | Most people don't work out enough, or don't eat well enough. If
         | we had some kind of intervention that would easily cause people
         | to work out, we would use that intervention. If we had some
         | kind of intervention that would easily cause people to eat
         | well, we would use that intervention. The reason working out
         | and good diet are good is because of good health outcomes. If
         | we have some kind of intervention that skips straight to the
         | good health outcomes, we would use that intervention. It seems
         | like Ozempic is _that_ intervention, so we will use it. I will
         | likely choose Ozempic for myself once it is available to me.
        
         | rootusrootus wrote:
         | I want everyone who says this to submit a picture. Just wearing
         | gym shorts, so we can get a good look. I assume nobody making
         | this a moral issue will have so much as love handles. Because
         | if they do, why aren't they working out harder and eating a bit
         | less?
         | 
         | I've met plenty of skinny fat people who think they're healthy.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | Man, some folks just don't want to be held to the same
           | standard they want to hold everyone else to. Cowards ;-)
        
         | Modified3019 wrote:
         | Telling people they are morally bankrupt sinners (slothful and
         | gluttonous) and heaping guilt and shame on their shoulders has
         | unsurprisingly failed to stop the issue.
         | 
         | Why do you think that telling people to "just stop being fat"
         | will suddenly start working?
        
         | cschneid wrote:
         | In 2021 I lost a good chunk of weight the old fashioned way.
         | From 250ish to 215. I did it with "good old fashioned working
         | out and not eating more". It was a miserable, white-knuckle
         | experience. I was eating healthy food, enough calories
         | (moderate but sane deficit), but the only thing I thought about
         | at all moments was getting to the next meal. What snack is low
         | enough calories to have to make it. It was miserable. As soon
         | as I let up a bit, everything unraveled and I found myself back
         | in the 250s by the start of this year.
         | 
         | Now I'm on Tirzepatide (Zepbound), and I'm back to 235ish, and
         | trending lower. I still work on eating healthy, but now I'm not
         | just HUNGRY at all moments. My life continues, and I only have
         | to make individual healthy choices at meal times, and grocery
         | times, rather than a constant struggle at all waking moments.
         | It's seriously a big difference.
        
           | DrillShopper wrote:
           | > I still work on eating healthy, but now I'm not just HUNGRY
           | at all moments.
           | 
           | I think this is something a lot of people pushing back
           | against the GLP-1 agonists don't realize because they don't
           | experience it: back before I started Mounjaro (another GLP-1
           | agonist) I was _constantly_ hungry if I hadn 't eaten a meal
           | in the last 45 minutes. Absolutely zero hyperbole there - I
           | once went to an all you can eat buffet, ate until I was over
           | full, came home, and within about an hour and a half of that
           | I was snacking on something because I was hungry. Not
           | peckish. Not "feeling like a snack". Hungry to the point
           | where that feeling intruded on my every thought until it was
           | sated.
           | 
           | After starting Mounjaro that's _GONE_. Gone gone. I now have
           | to set an alarm to _remember_ to eat. It 's absolutely
           | phenomenal and likely the reason why I'll live past my
           | forties instead of being stuck in that same cycle and dying
           | of the effects of obesity.
        
             | pton_xd wrote:
             | > Absolutely zero hyperbole there - I once went to an all
             | you can eat buffet, ate until I was over full, came home,
             | and within about an hour and a half of that I was snacking
             | on something because I was hungry.
             | 
             | I don't have any eating issues but that reminds me of the
             | first time I went on a 7-day cruise.
             | 
             | There's nothing to do on the ship, and the food is free and
             | pretty tasty, so... I basically ended up at the buffet
             | eating and drinking all day long. Sausage and egg biscuits,
             | banana bread, pot roast, steak, pasta, fried rice, cinnamon
             | buns, they had everything. I was stomach-busting full,
             | every minute of every day. I'd gorge myself on a huge plate
             | of Indian food from the buffet, and then a few hours later
             | head to another deck for a lobster dinner. Not to mention,
             | drinking coffee, beer, and wine the entire time.
             | 
             | It was kind of insane. And what was crazier was after a few
             | days of this routine I got used to it, and even looked
             | forward to eating more food the next day. It was sort of
             | like directly embracing one of the seven deadly sins to the
             | maximum extent possible. I'm not sure what that experience
             | means other than it seems like the the human body can
             | comfortably arrange itself into a habitual downward cycle
             | fairly rapidly.
        
               | crooked-v wrote:
               | It's because we're evolved for boom-bust cycles. Give it
               | another 500,000 or so years and humans might evolve to
               | cope with food always being available at all times.
        
               | DrillShopper wrote:
               | Not only that, but type 2 diabetes makes you
               | paradoxically more hungry - your body thinks it is
               | starving because it cannot get sugar into its cells so it
               | makes you MORE hungry which causes you to get heavier
               | which often causes the diabetes to get worse which makes
               | you MORE hungry which means you eat and get heavier
               | and......
        
             | sct202 wrote:
             | As someone who's never struggled with weight, it's been eye
             | opening to hear how food focused a lot of peoples thoughts
             | are. It was like on the same level as finding out some
             | people can't visualize things in their minds.
        
         | DrillShopper wrote:
         | I don't think I've ever seen someone seriously put forth the
         | argument "all you need is Ozempic".
         | 
         | For context: I am an overweight type 2 diabetic. I lost about
         | 70 lbs before my doctor started me on Mounjaro (another GLP-1
         | agonist). My diet and exercise routine were far from perfect,
         | and it took me about a _year_ to lose that weight. My doctor
         | started me on Mounjaro, both for type 2 diabetes and weight
         | loss. I have lost 20 lbs in about a month on it, which means I
         | will lose _three times_ the weight if that pace keeps up (very
         | unlikely). When my doctor and I discussed starting Mounjaro
         | (which the doctor suggested, not me) he made it very, VERY
         | clear that diet and exercise were important things to work on
         | as the weight came off.
         | 
         | The key there is that the pace of weight loss will not keep up
         | as the body's caloric needs reduce due to that weight loss. So
         | naturally a GLP-1 user will plateau if they do not adjust their
         | diet (and potentially exercise routine, though diet is much
         | more important) as the weight comes off. You know what really
         | makes it easier to have the energy to a healthy meal, to work
         | out, and to take care of yourself? Losing weight! You know what
         | helps form those healthy habits in people who did not form them
         | during childhood? Reduced cravings for calorie dense food! Both
         | of those things are where Ozempic and other GLP-1 drugs shine.
         | It gives the person on them the space to make those changes
         | without cravings, without feeling hungry, and at a faster pace
         | than they could do naturally.
         | 
         | So yes, in the short term, these drugs are a great catalyst for
         | change, but I don't see many medical professionals saying "oh
         | just stick someone on Ozempic for life and that's that!"
         | because for the vast majority of people who would use those
         | drugs for weight loss cannot achieve their goals with just the
         | drug alone.
        
         | honkycat wrote:
         | Why doesn't everyone play piano? Why isn't every person a super
         | athlete? Why doesn't everyone meditate 40 minutes a day? Why
         | doesn't everyone study super hard in school and become an
         | engineer or doctor or lawyer?
         | 
         | The hard truth: Not everyone is capable of those things.
         | Period.
         | 
         | 40% of the US population is considered obese. That is a HUGE
         | number. At a certain point, you can no longer blame
         | individuals. There is something wrong, and we identify it as an
         | environmental problem.
         | 
         | So if we have a drug that will make a huge amount of people
         | healthy, what is the downside? And for the record: Ozempic
         | affects appetite so they eat better, that is part of the drug.
        
           | wiseowise wrote:
           | > Why doesn't everyone play piano? Why isn't every person a
           | super athlete? Why doesn't everyone meditate 40 minutes a
           | day? Why doesn't everyone study super hard in school and
           | become an engineer or doctor or lawyer? The hard truth: Not
           | everyone is capable of those things. Period.
           | 
           | We're not talking about world class athlete. There a mile
           | difference between world class athletes and not obese.
        
         | raincom wrote:
         | Treat human beings or any organisms as biological machines.
         | Here, many chemicals (hormones, for instance) regulate many
         | processes in such machines. Whatever one has eaten so far,
         | genetic history, environment, etc have changed hormones to a
         | level where the model of dieting and working out doesn't work
         | any longer. So, semaglutide and tirzepatide work on such
         | regulatory hormones (GLP-1, GIP). In other words, what this
         | research tells us that humans are not controlled by their
         | personal will.
        
         | vundercind wrote:
         | Willpower and discipline don't seem to be what keeps other
         | countries skinnier than the US (and most of them are also
         | getting fatter...) so I don't know why we expect that to get
         | the US out of this mess.
         | 
         | Evidence: people from skinnier countries move here and
         | consistently get fatter. It's a societal/environmental problem,
         | if we're talking about "what would a policy fix look like?" and
         | not "what can I personally try to do to save myself despite
         | being up against a societal/environmental problem?"
        
         | potta_coffee wrote:
         | It's just human nature. This is the health equivalent of trying
         | to turn lead into gold. It's my unproven opinion that the
         | negative effects of these treatments are understated and this
         | will be a passing fad.
        
         | Eumenes wrote:
         | > why is taking a drug a novel & cool idea
         | 
         | https://www.glamourmagazine.co.uk/article/post-your-pill-tre...
         | 
         | drug companies have spent millions on destigmatizing
         | pharmaceuticals. its a superpower, apparently. a large swath of
         | this userbase convinced themselves they have adhd and need
         | medication for it. changing tabs on your chrome browser or not
         | being able to do "deep work" = i have an uncurable disease and
         | i require legal meth, for life. you can see how this translates
         | to ozempic.
         | 
         | silicon valley/tech culture has prioritized get rich schemes,
         | cure alls like adhd meds, you don't have to eat just drink
         | soylent for every meal, etc. ozempic falls in line nicely
         | there, and i think among this community and others in this
         | vein, you'll see alot of support for it. its sad, because
         | tech/programmers/IT people use to be very contrarian and open
         | minded. you get in trouble for saying things like "personality
         | responsibility", "discipline', "self-control".
         | 
         | > Are doctors required to explain this before prescribing this
         | in US?
         | 
         | doctors famously aren't trained on nutrition or fitness.
         | ironically the prestige is being a specialist, not well
         | rounded. strange.
        
         | connicpu wrote:
         | Completely missing the point of GLP-1 agonists. The point is
         | that it breaks the cycle by giving you the willpower to eat
         | less. It doesn't magically make the calories you eat not
         | contribute to your weight, it just makes it easier to eat less
         | and still feel full. It also counteracts insulin resistance,
         | which is another problem inherent to obesity.
        
         | orangecat wrote:
         | Why are we bothering with contraception and STD vaccines when
         | people should just not have sex unless they're trying to get
         | pregnant?
        
           | wiseowise wrote:
           | I'm sure you'll find a lot of people in certain circle who'll
           | share the same view.
        
       | amatecha wrote:
       | This article seems to frame things in such a strange way. Maybe
       | instead of trying to get everyone obesity medication, we can
       | instead educate society so we all understand nutrition and diet
       | and can combat the ever-persistent forces of corporations pushing
       | unhealthy food on us?
        
         | gedy wrote:
         | Look we've been educating people about this for the past 50
         | years at least - education doesn't work with base impulses.
        
         | cbsmith wrote:
         | Yes, because what obese people lack is education.
        
           | amatecha wrote:
           | From my subjective experience in life, what they very often
           | lacked was parents who set the right examples around food. I
           | know that doesn't apply to everyone of course, but I've
           | witnessed it time and time again - an upbringing with deeply
           | disordered routines/practices around food. It's universal
           | among obese people in my life. I speculate that better
           | awareness of diet/nutrition _might_ help to prevent passing
           | on such behaviours, like not feeding the family exclusively a
           | bucket of KFC or McDonalds, or using food as a reward, etc.
           | etc.. I mean, medication won 't actually solve what is caused
           | by behaviour, right? Maybe the behaviour can be reduced on a
           | broader scale, over time, via people making better-informed
           | decisions? If parents know their habits around food are
           | basically ensuring their kids will struggle with obesity,
           | maybe they'll make the effort to do something different?
           | Dunno, it seems like a reasonable consideration.
        
             | cbsmith wrote:
             | > From my subjective experience in life, what they very
             | often lacked was parents who set the right examples around
             | food.
             | 
             | No amount of education will change who your parents were or
             | how you were raised. Have you observed a strong correlation
             | between how well educated someone is vs. obesity?
             | 
             | > I speculate that better awareness of diet/nutrition might
             | help to prevent passing on such behaviours, like not
             | feeding the family exclusively a bucket of KFC or
             | McDonalds, or using food as a reward, etc. etc.
             | 
             | I'd encourage you to talk to any reasonably intelligent
             | obese parent to see if they need better awareness of
             | diet/nutrition. Better still, do a survey of obese and non-
             | obese people to compare awareness of diet/nutrition between
             | the two groups.
             | 
             | > I mean, medication won't actually solve what is caused by
             | behaviour, right?
             | 
             | Saying that obesity is caused by behaviour and therefore
             | can't be solved with medication is a bold statement to make
             | in the context of a story about a drug that has been
             | clinically proven to help obese people to lose weight.
             | 
             | Medication is often prescribed to help people who suffer
             | from behavioural problems with positive results. I wouldn't
             | presume medication can solve all problems caused by
             | behaviour, but there is empirical evidence that for some
             | problems it does help. As near as we can tell, human
             | behaviour is regulated by a electrochemical brain & nervous
             | system. Dumping chemicals into that system can of course
             | change human behaviour. We see evidence of that (for better
             | or for worse) all the time. If you have doubts and you
             | don't even need to get a prescription, try taking a hit of
             | acid/cocaine/alchohol and see if behaviour changes.
             | 
             | > If parents know their habits around food are basically
             | ensuring their kids will struggle with obesity, maybe
             | they'll make the effort to do something different?
             | 
             | The US has had a dramatic increase in obesity within a
             | single generation (as in, people who were not obese for
             | much of their lives have become morbidly obese at a rate
             | far exceeding previous generations), let alone cross
             | generational. While food/nutrition/health habits can
             | certainly have a profound effect on someone's weight, there
             | are clearly other factors at play.
             | 
             | Consider, for a moment, the reality of an obese person
             | living in the US today. You get negative feedback about
             | your weight all the time. You suffer negative social
             | outcomes, let alone all the physical ones, so few, if any,
             | _want_ to be obese. There is no lack of motivation to seek
             | out information on how to avoid being obese. There 's a
             | $300+ billion industry diet/health/nutrition industry
             | constantly seeking to inform you about products they offer
             | to help with your diet/health/nutrition... and that's not
             | counting the doctors that you are no doubt interacting with
             | regularly. Of course, that's not counting all the education
             | (solicited or otherwise) you get from friends, family,
             | acquaintances and even random strangers. It's hard to get
             | through a day without being "educated" about diet,
             | nutrition and health.
             | 
             | There's a cultural bias to think the problem is simply
             | about behavioural/willpower/education, much the same way we
             | look at poverty. It demonstrates a profound lack of
             | understanding of and empathy for the plight of people who
             | are suffering from obesity.
        
               | amatecha wrote:
               | I didn't say "obesity is caused by behaviour and
               | therefore can't be solved with medication". You're
               | arguing against a straw man. I'm suggesting the idea that
               | maybe we as a society should better educate around our
               | relationship with food. I believe it would make a
               | difference - just not immediately.
        
               | cbsmith wrote:
               | You're right. You didn't say that. You said (and I
               | quoted) "I mean, medication won't actually solve what is
               | caused by behaviour, right?" in commentary to an article
               | about a medication used to treat obesity, while
               | discussing the need for better awareness about
               | food/nutrition.
               | 
               | > I'm suggesting the idea that maybe we as a society
               | should better educate around our relationship with food.
               | I believe it would make a difference - just not
               | immediately.
               | 
               | It's a bit tautological that if we did something better
               | things would be better. Better education around our
               | relationship with food would start with people
               | understanding that better education about our
               | relationship with food won't help people suffering from
               | obesity.
        
               | amatecha wrote:
               | Yeah, my original post is focused on the idea that
               | "getting everyone on ozempic" isn't a long-term
               | sustainable solution to obesity. It is a reactive, band-
               | aid workaround that will never tackle the underlying
               | causes. It will help someone survive and live a better
               | life, but the moment they stop taking ozempic they are
               | back at square one, haven't gained the
               | wherewithal/discipline to fight the constant urges to
               | eat, and will be right back where they started. I mean,
               | unless this is some miracle drug that has
               | residual/lasting effects?
               | 
               | In light of that, and barring the many other ways one can
               | combat obesity themselves, it would probably be
               | beneficial if everyone, in general, knew all about the
               | pitfalls of disordered eating and knew more about how to
               | combat that trap, and knew why that actually matters for
               | themselves and the people they care about. I've observed
               | people enable each others' obesity over and over. I've
               | observed people reinforce horrible habits and be
               | unsupportive of others' efforts to combat those habits.
               | People don't know shit about diet and food and spread
               | their ignorant, lazy attitudes and behaviour to those
               | around them. Why make a real meal when you can just order
               | $50 of takeout to feed the whole party? Then, if you
               | don't eat "enough", everyone is on your case because "you
               | must be starving" and "why are you eating so little?",
               | because they are totally uneducated about the possible
               | challenges people face when it comes to food. The more
               | people know about this stuff, the more it benefits
               | everyone. I still think this also circles back to the
               | "passing it to your kids" thing, because it's now a
               | multi-generational problem.
        
         | lostmsu wrote:
         | Educating people will hardly work. Bans on junk foods at
         | government level might.
        
           | eniwnenahg wrote:
           | In EU they banned the sale of oral tobacco (snus), which is
           | safer than smoking tobacco. Snus once had cancer labeling but
           | that was generally considered not-very-true and labeling was
           | removed. Tobacco smoke causes cancer. Drug bans also built
           | many overfilled prisons and likely contributed to the
           | invention and spread of harmful drugs such as crystal meth
           | and fentanyl. This is a one sided view of course. I like
           | William Blakes work, "Auguries of Innocence".
        
           | amatecha wrote:
           | If educating people didn't work, we'd all be drinking cocaine
           | soda and burning leaded fuel. I mean, there's a reason things
           | have generally greatly improved over time for most of
           | humanity. We know more things and act upon that knowledge.
           | This applies to basically every single thing humans do. Maybe
           | one day we won't be drinking sugar water and adulterating
           | ~every piece of food on the shelf with high-fructose corn
           | syrup?
        
             | cthalupa wrote:
             | > If educating people didn't work, we'd all be drinking
             | cocaine soda and burning leaded fuel.
             | 
             | When the person you are arguing with is saying that
             | government induced bans would probably help more, and your
             | are arguing they're wrong and your two examples were
             | resolved by government induced bans, you're going about
             | arguing in a very strange way.
        
         | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
         | Unfortunately companies make more profit by pushing unhealthy
         | food onto consumers which can be evidenced by the money they
         | spend advertising it. They're exploiting our instincts to seek
         | out high calorie foods which was an advantage when humans
         | didn't have a ready supply of food available at all times, but
         | nowadays leads to a whole host of illnesses.
        
         | filoleg wrote:
         | Why either/or?
         | 
         | Maybe we should try educate society on dangers of using heroin.
         | I agree that it is a good thing, and we should continue
         | educating people about its dangers. But clearly that alone
         | didn't solve the problem, and I think it would be a good idea
         | to utilize alternative options as well (in addition to
         | continuing the education of society on its dangers).
        
         | dghlsakjg wrote:
         | Do you think overweight people don't know why they're
         | overweight?
         | 
         | There are plenty of obese people that understand nutrition just
         | fine, there are obese people who understand it well enough to
         | have lost significant weight and gained it all back.
         | 
         | Clearly there is something else going on that we haven't
         | grasped yet.
        
           | amatecha wrote:
           | Education may involve "finding a strategy that works for
           | you". There are so, so many different ways to combat
           | disordered eating. These are learnable things. My thought
           | around "better education" is that the cycle of disordered
           | eating can be stopped at some point before parents pass it on
           | to their kids, at least (as I just posted in adjacent comment
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41811916 ). I absolutely
           | recognize how insanely difficult it is to come back from
           | disordered eating and stay at a lower weight after finally
           | reaching it.
           | 
           | Though, now that you ask, I do think that many people don't
           | actually know why they are overweight. They say it's because
           | "McDonald's is cheaper than buying good food", not realizing
           | the McDonalds won't satiate them and they will eat/spend more
           | because their body is starved for proper nutrition. Watch the
           | series "Supersize vs. Superskinny" and observe how nearly
           | every participant is utterly clueless as to the underlying
           | causes of their challenges on either size of the disordered-
           | eating scale.
        
           | 2snakes wrote:
           | Psychology of hunger behaviors.
        
           | slothtrop wrote:
           | Understanding nutrition, and eating habits in practice, are
           | two very different things.
           | 
           | Regaining weight is the primary issue really. Most people are
           | capable of losing weight, but gain it back, and it gets
           | harder going forward. Metabolic adaptation is better
           | understood now and among the factors (.e.g increasing caloric
           | intake too quickly after weight loss), but falling into old
           | habits that are culturally ubiquitous is a glaring part of
           | the problem.
           | 
           | Former drug addicts are told now to sever contact with peers
           | who partook in those indulgences as they're likely to pull
           | them back in. With food, it can be more than a minor
           | subculture. There are regions of the US that have much higher
           | obesity rates than others. Not having family members and a
           | romantic partner on board can be difficult.
        
             | dghlsakjg wrote:
             | That's kinda part of my point. Cutting yourself off from
             | drug enablers is one thing. Cutting yourself off from your
             | friends and family is another. Especially since eating is
             | something you can't not do, and is deeply tied to cultural
             | and social customs of everyone. It is impossible to live
             | and never be offered an unhealthy food choice no matter how
             | much support and good decisions there are. Conversely, it
             | is very easy to live my life without being offered heroin.
             | 
             | Plenty of overweight people really, really, really want to
             | lose weight and do all of the right things, but report that
             | it is difficult to impossible to maintain the weight loss.
             | Many of them gain the weight back, and this is crucial, but
             | don't continue gaining past a certain point. Combine that
             | with the very regional nature of obesity and I think that
             | there is a VERY strong case to be made that there is an
             | environmental or external cause of obesity that we haven't
             | identified yet (junk food is too simple of an explanation,
             | and doesn't adequately explain everything).
             | 
             | The point I'm getting at is that a lot of these drugs also
             | yield some sort of drastic behavioral change like a reduced
             | indulgence in other impulsive harmful behaviors. I really
             | think that there is something that is throwing us out of
             | whack behaviorally, and obesity is a symptom of that.
             | 
             | The fact that a hormonal correction is able to fix both
             | obesity and other addictions is a very interesting result.
        
               | amatecha wrote:
               | > Cutting yourself off from your friends and family is
               | another.
               | 
               | This is exactly one of the reasons I think better
               | education around food/diet/nutrition is important. You
               | don't need to cut yourself off from enabler
               | family/friends if they aren't enablers to begin with.
               | It's cultural, too. The portion sizes at all the
               | restaurants in a given region because "we like to eat big
               | meals here", or whatever. There are sooo many factors and
               | the underlying flaw, to me, is ignorance of "how this
               | stuff works".
        
               | slothtrop wrote:
               | > external cause of obesity that we haven't identified
               | yet (junk food is too simple of an explanation, and
               | doesn't adequately explain everything).
               | 
               | You can't divorce it from the explanation. People get
               | obese from overconsuming calorie-dense rich foods. These
               | products are manufactured to be as savory and addictive
               | as possible, are highly available, and convenient, _and_
               | very affordable, and most are non-satiating (especially
               | drinks). So yes there are environmental factors, but the
               | reason they matter in the first place is the impact of
               | junk foods. At the turn of the 20th century even
               | relatively sedentary office workers would not gain much
               | weight, because the American industrial machine did not
               | yet create the landscape we have now. No one was buying
               | several bottles of 2L coke, chip bags, jumbo fries and
               | fried chicken, greasy pizza, starbucks lattes, etc.
               | 
               | And to avoid confusion, I want to make clear that
               | avoiding weight-gain at the outset (to the extent of
               | becoming obese), and losing weight, are different. What's
               | sufficient for the former is insufficient for the latter;
               | you do not need to be mindful of energy balance if you
               | are already at a healthy weight and consume whole foods,
               | but if you are trying to _lose_ weight, that will not be
               | enough to ensure a caloric deficit.
               | 
               | A comparison I like is a bag of chips vs a bag of apples.
               | Bags of potato chips average 1200 calories. One would
               | need to consume 16 apples to get the equivalent. I can
               | probably get through an entire bag of chips if I cared
               | to, and more than half a bag absent-mindedly if I was
               | irresponsible. Try consuming more than a single large
               | apple and see how that feels. Fiber is almost as
               | satiating as protein. It may not keep you full as long,
               | but you certainly reach satiety a lot faster than you
               | would with chips (notwithstanding that in fairness they
               | are less addictive without salt and fat).
        
         | triceratops wrote:
         | If we could do that through education, then we'd have made it
         | illegal for corporations to push unhealthy food.
        
       | winterrx wrote:
       | David Friedberg recently did an All-In Interview with the CEO of
       | Eli Lilly. Interesting conversation over there that also talked
       | about some key points of the article.
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=023exhA9irY
        
       | tonymet wrote:
       | Yet another drug that patches up symptoms without addressing the
       | root cause. People will be dependent on the drug for life. And we
       | still don't know what the adverse effects are.
        
         | cubefox wrote:
         | We don't know the root cause yet and therefore can't treat it,
         | so the drug is great for what it is.
        
           | tonymet wrote:
           | The root cause is depravity
        
       | jaco6 wrote:
       | I'm just as curious as to why some people are so willing to take
       | numerous medications, while others go to any lengths to avoid
       | them. Some people are happy to be on an SSRI, sleeping pill,
       | statin, low dose aspirin, and a few others, and aren't bothered
       | by this. Other people seem instinctively revolted by prescription
       | drugs, seeing toxins pushed by evil corporations. Is it a trust
       | issue?
       | 
       | I personally detest and avoid all medicines other than
       | antibiotics and vaccines. Pharmaceuticals have a long track
       | record of harboring "side effects" that only become apparent
       | years later.
       | 
       | In general, why are we surprised that the chronic use of any
       | substance has negative effects? Humans evolved for thousands of
       | years eating food and drinking water. Regularly consuming
       | anything else is an abberration and self-experiment.
        
         | lurking_swe wrote:
         | I think the answer to your question is that people who avoid
         | drugs understand that drugs do not fix anything permanently, in
         | 99% of cases. They only treat symptoms. The people who avoid
         | drugs attempt to treat the underlying problems.
         | 
         | of course it's not always practical. For example, some skinny
         | people are simply genetically predisposed to high blood
         | pressure, even if they work out and eat pretty healthy. It's
         | rare, but these things happen.
        
         | jackcosgrove wrote:
         | To address the question in your first paragraph, I think it's
         | due to whether you think your locus of control is internal or
         | external.
        
           | poorinterview wrote:
           | You can have an internal locus of control and still believe
           | the benefits of taking something like an SSRI far outweigh
           | the costs of attempting to address depression/anxiety more
           | "naturally." I'd rather take an SSRI if it means more
           | motivation to live healthily, positively, productively for
           | myself and family. If anything, the drug could very well help
           | someone discover their sense of agency.
        
         | Blackthorn wrote:
         | Nobody ever gets sus about needing to take heart medication
         | every day to stay alive but the moment it becomes about how I
         | take Lexapro every day they get real preachy.
        
           | poorinterview wrote:
           | Which is sorta funny because some antihypertensives are known
           | to decrease anxiety.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | Maybe we can find a medication people will take that solves
           | the preachy problem instead. That might achieve significant
           | population-wide improvements.
        
         | akira2501 wrote:
         | > Other people seem instinctively revolted by prescription
         | drugs, seeing toxins pushed by evil corporations.
         | 
         | You can advertise drugs on TV in the USA. This certainly opens
         | the door for bad drugs to get pushed out and marketed to people
         | who don't have the technical skills to examine the claims and
         | the risks of side effects objectively.
         | 
         | > avoid all medicines other than antibiotics and vaccines
         | 
         | Just because it's been such a hobby horse lately I would have
         | to add pain killers. There is absolutely a large potential for
         | abuse but they also serve an incredible utility to modern
         | medical care.
         | 
         | > Regularly consuming anything else is an abberration and self-
         | experiment.
         | 
         | Ozempic should be for people who are obese and have thoroughly
         | demonstrated that they are not physically capable of exercising
         | themselves enough to lose weight naturally.
         | 
         | Otherwise, this drug gets marketed as an obesity cure, but it's
         | mostly dispensed for cosmetic purposes. If there are any side-
         | effects, it will be a double tragedy for these people.
         | 
         | I'm with you, it's a little revolting, this specific drug.
        
           | poorinterview wrote:
           | Ozempic and similar drugs are being used by many to get rid
           | of the food noise and insatiable hunger that have stood in
           | the way of sustainable progress. These drugs are being used
           | as catalysts for healthy living. The fact that they seem to
           | work thus far is evidence that obesity is on some level
           | driven by powerful hormonal forces that influence impulse
           | control and willpower, which addressed, can give people the
           | freedom to make better decisions and effectively pursue a
           | lifestyle they've struggled to maintain.
           | 
           | The cosmetic narrative you're pushing is actually quite
           | disgusting.
        
             | akira2501 wrote:
             | > These drugs are being used as catalysts for healthy
             | living.
             | 
             | You have some evidence for this claim?
             | 
             | > is evidence that obesity is on some level driven by
             | powerful hormonal forces
             | 
             | It's suggestive. It's nowhere near evidence.
             | 
             | > the freedom to make better decisions
             | 
             | As long as they're on the drug.
             | 
             | > The cosmetic narrative you're pushing is actually quite
             | disgusting.
             | 
             | No it isn't. It's a valid concern about how this medication
             | is _marketed_ and _dispensed_. It's also an obvious concern
             | to have. Pretending that I'm disgusting because I'm
             | actually worried about the future outcomes for these
             | patients is bullying highroad nonsense. Come off of it.
        
               | crooked-v wrote:
               | > You have some evidence for this claim?
               | 
               | The obvious evidence is the result of the drug, i.e.,
               | overweight people losing weight because they're eating
               | less.
        
               | akira2501 wrote:
               | The obvious countertpoint is that obesity rates have not
               | been constant for the last few decades.
               | 
               | So there are clearly multiple factors here and those
               | should be taken into consideration before uncritically
               | deciding this is a "good thing" that we should "all be
               | on."
        
               | crooked-v wrote:
               | > that we should "all be on."
               | 
               | Who, exactly, has claimed that?
        
               | poorinterview wrote:
               | I've been on Zepbound since July and have lost 40lbs in
               | that time through calorie restriction, intermittent
               | fasting, and resistance training 3x per week, which all
               | felt like impossibly herculean tasks before starting the
               | medication. I know others who've had similar experiences.
               | Sorry I haven't published a paper on it.
        
         | dopylitty wrote:
         | I'm curious why you include antibiotics in your trusted
         | medications list.
         | 
         | Over the past several years we've found that antibiotics have a
         | huge impact on beneficial microbes in your body which then has
         | downstream impacts on your health [0]. Oddly enough for the
         | topic in this article exposure to antibiotics as a child may be
         | linked to obesity[1]. They are also extremely over prescribed
         | for things like viral illnesses [2].
         | 
         | I personally wouldn't take an antibiotic unless whatever malady
         | I was suffering from was proven to not only be bacterial in
         | origin but likely to progress without treatment.
         | 
         | Regarding your larger point some of the distrust of medications
         | can be related to the fact that people know that medication
         | producers' goal is to be profit for the most part.
         | 
         | Because they are for-profit the medicine producers can't be
         | trusted to produce quality products or to produce products
         | which resolve a problem rather than just reducing symptoms as
         | long as the patient continues to pay for the medicine.
         | 
         | As with other problems we have a low trust society because it's
         | a society built on for-profit enterprises rather than
         | enterprises focused on doing the best thing for society.
         | 
         | 0: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8756738/ 1:
         | https://www.nature.com/articles/ijo2014180 2:
         | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37876436/
        
           | pfdietz wrote:
           | > I'm curious why you include antibiotics in your trusted
           | medications list.
           | 
           | Because bacterial infections can be horribly lethal?
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | Can be, sure, but most are just unpleasant and you'll
             | eventually recover. Why not just do it the natural way?
        
               | pfdietz wrote:
               | Most clicks of the revolver in Russian Roulette are just
               | unpleasant and not lethal too. Why take the chance?
        
         | rootusrootus wrote:
         | > seeing toxins pushed by evil corporations. Is it a trust
         | issue?
         | 
         | That sounds a lot like the divide between people who see
         | conspiracies everywhere and those who do not. In that case I
         | would suggest it is just personality, not logical and not
         | solved by improving trust.
        
       | jijji wrote:
       | you can buy tirzepatide / semaglutide all day long from labs in
       | china for between $4 per injection all the way down to $0.50 per
       | injection depending on quantity and type (prepackaged in vial vs
       | raw powder)
        
         | rootusrootus wrote:
         | After tirzepatide was taken off the shortage list last week, I
         | notice that there are suddenly a lot more people talking about
         | this route. It will be interesting to see how it plays out.
         | 
         | Probably exceeds my comfort level, and I'm lucky enough that I
         | can pay the $550/month for name brand if necessary. A lot of
         | people will just have to stop, though, and deal with the
         | consequences.
        
       | optimalsolver wrote:
       | What happened to self-control?
        
         | crooked-v wrote:
         | The same thing that always happened to it: for a lot of people
         | it just doesn't work.
        
         | DCH3416 wrote:
         | Screw that
        
         | moogly wrote:
         | Turns out "just stop being fat lol" isn't very effectual
         | advice.
        
           | pfdietz wrote:
           | It's the "git gud" of diet advice!
           | 
           | I wonder if GLP-1 agonists are going to break gaming
           | addiction too.
        
         | triceratops wrote:
         | If you got it, use it. If you don't got it, there's a little
         | help now.
        
         | avelis wrote:
         | That's not a thing when considering how UPF creates addiction
         | to food in the brain. Big Food knows this.
        
       | hipadev23 wrote:
       | Who has time to eat? Founder mode all day every day.
        
         | cubefox wrote:
         | Now that's the spirit!
        
       | grecy wrote:
       | My god no.
       | 
       | I'm 42 and I've never taken more than the odd painkiller or
       | antibiotic here or there - less than a pill a year on average I'm
       | sure.
       | 
       | The last thing in the world I want is to be permanently on some
       | drug that alters how my body works. I hike, snowboard, go to the
       | gym and eat sensibly. That's all the "weight control" I need.
        
         | honkycat wrote:
         | Good for you man. 40% of the US is obese, we need a solution
         | for better health outcomes.
        
           | ocular-rockular wrote:
           | So drugs?
           | 
           | I think it's a lot simpler than that. US has an abusive
           | relationship with junk/processed food. It's so deeply
           | ingrained due to profit margins, wealth inequities,
           | nonsensical subsidies, etc. that the only feasible solution
           | is to introduce a drug that continues to allow that
           | relationship to continue.
           | 
           | It's a lot easier of a solution than it is to tell companies
           | to stop making garbage or saturating everything with sugar
           | and HFCS. "Easier to see end of the world than end to
           | capitalism" -- its the same shit packaged in a different
           | story... Easier to introduce a drug to treat the symptoms
           | than to solve the actual problem.
           | 
           | Mind you, I'm not implying that it is easy. We have
           | collectively accepted this which makes change difficult if
           | not impossible.
        
           | grecy wrote:
           | You make it sound like it's out of your control.
           | 
           | The solution is already there. It's free. It works for
           | everyone, and even 60% of people in the US are doing it!
           | 
           | The right answer to being healthy is not more drugs.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | > 60% of people in the US are doing it!
             | 
             | 25% is the number you were looking for, and even within
             | that group I think you'd find plenty of people with a
             | healthy BMI that are in fact not living a healthy
             | lifestyle.
        
         | crooked-v wrote:
         | Do you drink coffee or tea?
        
           | grecy wrote:
           | Coffee really affects me, so I gave it up. I drink decaf tea
           | these days.
           | 
           | Why do you ask?
        
         | ironman1478 wrote:
         | ` I hike, snowboard, go to the gym and eat sensibly. That's all
         | the "weight control" I need.`
         | 
         | So you are likely in an income bracket that enables you to have
         | an active lifestyle outside of work and take the time outside
         | of work to cook, in addition to probably other hobbies. this is
         | not a criticism of you, but if I had to guess, you simply have
         | a life that many other's do not. I work out and take care of
         | myself because I make $300k+, have less worries and
         | responsibilities, and I actually have an easier job than when I
         | was making less.
         | 
         | A lot of people don't have money or don't have the time for
         | working out and making the correct meal choices. Yes, there are
         | people who have money and time and are still overweight,
         | however that is not the norm as you go up the income brackets.
         | Many poorer people have long work days, with an additional long
         | commute, and are more likely to have kids, meaning they have no
         | time for themselves. They're not gonna go to the gym if they
         | already have a long day and they probably aren't going to make
         | healthy food choices when they're already beat up and have not
         | a lot of time for themselves.
        
           | grecy wrote:
           | And you think the solution is a prescription drug?
        
             | ironman1478 wrote:
             | In the moment yes. Do you have an actually reasonable set
             | of laws that could solve these societal level problems that
             | encourage obesity in let's say, the next ten years? Also,
             | they have to be passable.
             | 
             | Here is another disease caused and triggered by society.
             | Asthma. Cars cause tons of pollution and people who live
             | near highways are at much greater risk of experiencing
             | asthma. However, society as a whole suffers from the
             | pollution generated by cars. We all know this. The bay area
             | has something called "spare the air day" which is a day
             | where they ask people to not drive, when it's particularly
             | smoggy. This has never worked. There are always people
             | driving, because they gotta get places and the bay area
             | can't built trains and the buses are awful. So people
             | drive. What is the societal solution to localized pollution
             | (like smog)? Better public transit, higher taxes on gas and
             | on larger vehicles which produce more tire based pollution,
             | and more tolls. But we don't do any of that. We know as a
             | society how to reduce car based smog, which would reduce
             | asthma and other diseases, but we don't do it, so we throw
             | inhalers at people to get them to stop complaining. It's
             | not super different from the weight problem in my eyes.
        
               | grecy wrote:
               | > _Do you have an actually reasonable set of laws that
               | could solve these societal level problems that encourage
               | obesity in let 's say, the next ten years?_
               | 
               | Sure, Canada banned trans fat.
               | 
               | There is absolutely no reason they couldn't ban drinks
               | that contain more than x% sugar, or portion sizes that
               | are bigger than y calories.
               | 
               | > _Here is another disease caused and triggered by
               | society. Asthma. Cars cause tons of pollution_
               | 
               | Excellent example!
               | 
               | Internal Combustion Engines will be illegal in new
               | vehicles from 2030 in many jurisdictions around the world
               | (2035 in others). Yes, it's coming!
        
               | ironman1478 wrote:
               | Tire and brake particulate is actually a big component of
               | pollution and EVs will cause more pollution from tire and
               | brake debris, which is already a larger portion of
               | pollution than tail pipe emitions. We're increasing one
               | type of pollution and decreasing another type, we'll see
               | if long term it's a net benefit.
               | 
               | Also, they could ban those things in places like SF or
               | more liberal places, however I believe those are
               | politically losing policies and wouldn't pass in places
               | that are actually experiencing obesity.
        
           | tintedfireglass wrote:
           | That's so dystopian. So you are just saying that society
           | doesn't have time to take care of themselves, so we need some
           | drugs to fix our collective horrid lifestyles? It's an easy
           | temporary fix but what cascading effects might that cause on
           | the future? Who knows?
        
             | ironman1478 wrote:
             | Well, I'm describing how I perceive the world to be right
             | now and ozempic is a technological solution to a societal
             | problem. If as a society we can make steps to fix it (more
             | walkable cities, less work in general, cheaper society,
             | encourage smaller portions) then sure, maybe we don't need
             | ozempic. But people have to organize and get involved in
             | government to make this happen, which is harder than making
             | a pill (it seems).
        
               | grecy wrote:
               | > _If as a society we can make steps to fix it_
               | 
               | What society does or does not do has no impact on me
               | consuming less calories on a daily basis.
               | 
               | I have the opportunity to buy soda 50 times a day. I
               | choose not to.
               | 
               | I have the opportunity to buy a burger and fries for
               | lunch. I choose not to.
               | 
               | Society could make many such things illegal or whatever,
               | but at the end of the day what goes into my body is up to
               | me. The buck stops with me and my choices.
        
       | pyrophane wrote:
       | One thing that it seems we are just starting to talk about with
       | these drugs is the associated muscle and bone density loss. I'm
       | concerned that this generation of GLP-1 early adopters will wind
       | up more frail and suffer a lower quality of life in old age as a
       | result.
        
         | petesergeant wrote:
         | I've seen zero evidence that muscle loss from GLP-1-assisted
         | weight-loss is any different to the muscle loss from simply
         | eating less. Do you have a link to a study I've missed?
        
         | cyberax wrote:
         | > One thing that it seems we are just starting to talk about
         | with these drugs is the associated muscle and bone density
         | loss.
         | 
         | Muscle loss is associated with _any_ kind of weight loss.
         | 
         | And GLP-1 drugs _improve_ the bone density:
         | https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article/100/8/2909/2836097 It's
         | likely simply because thinner people naturally move more.
        
           | ploppyploppy wrote:
           | Can these negative effects be countered/offset by continuing
           | weight training? I lift 2-4 days a week.
        
             | cyberax wrote:
             | Certainly, just like with any other diet.
             | 
             | I gained muscle mass by doing strength training 2 times a
             | week while on GLP-1 drugs.
        
             | cthalupa wrote:
             | Yes, but you would certainly still see some - it's just a
             | consequence of weight loss. Even IFBB bodybuilders on god
             | knows how many steroids see some muscle loss when cutting.
             | 
             | Eat a whole lot of protein, lift, and you're going to be
             | doing more than fine in the muscle loss department.
        
         | r00fus wrote:
         | My program strongly recommends some form of muscle training
         | (pushups/weights/etc) as they see improvements from muscle
         | development for weight loss and to counteract the muscle loss
         | from losing weight.
         | 
         | The fact remains that having to carry around 50+ extra pounds
         | of fat requires more muscle. When that requirement goes away so
         | does your need for that musculature.
        
       | k__ wrote:
       | How are the side effects?
       | 
       | I read plastic surgeons said it was bad for your skin and people
       | would look much older when they take it for a few months.
       | 
       | Yet, I also read it was generally good for your health, not just
       | in terms of weight loss.
        
         | logicchains wrote:
         | I'm not a fan of the drug but that aging could just be due to
         | the weight loss: skin generally looks more wrinkly (older)
         | after losing weight.
        
           | jart wrote:
           | It depends how old you are. Skin loses its elasticity after a
           | certain age. So weight is a problem you should spare no
           | expense fixing sooner rather than later. Even if you do
           | something about your weight at a later age, the health
           | benefits for your heart for example will greatly outweigh the
           | loose skin.
        
       | cyberax wrote:
       | One other note: the current peptide-based GLP-1 drugs are not
       | likely to be the permanent solution. Injectables are just too
       | problematic for that.
       | 
       | Several companies are now working on more classic small-molecule
       | drugs targeting the same receptors. So it's likely that in
       | several years we'll get a pill with the same effects.
       | 
       | Yes, there's technically a pill version of Ozempic already
       | (Rybelsus), but it works by making the stomach wall to be
       | slightly permeable to peptides. You can guess that it has pretty
       | unpleasant side effects, and an awesome bioavailability of 0.7%
        
         | connicpu wrote:
         | I'm curious what about injectables makes them specifically
         | problematic for long term use? Diabetics already have to inject
         | insulin for the rest of their lives, and an injectable version
         | of the same drug usually has fewer side effects since it
         | doesn't have to pass through your gut metabolism. I may be
         | biased, I have no fear of needles and have injected myself with
         | sex hormones every week for nearly 7 years, so adding an
         | autoinjector doesn't seem like that big a deal to me.
        
           | cyberax wrote:
           | They are more expensive. Autoinjectors are way more
           | complicated than a pill bottle. You also can't freeze them,
           | but they should be kept in a fridge.
           | 
           | Manufacturing standards also have to be way higher. I have no
           | problem trusting Novo Nordisk to manufacture injectors
           | safely, but I won't trust a random manufacturer from India or
           | China.
           | 
           | The risk of accidental infection from injection also is not
           | neglibible.
        
             | connicpu wrote:
             | Fair considerations, I just disagree that it makes
             | injections inherently problematic for long term use.
             | Primarily because I have doubts about the possibility of a
             | pill that doesn't come with more side effects than an
             | equivalent injectable.
        
       | djsavvy wrote:
       | My pet crackpot theory is that within the next 100 years
       | semaglutide is going to be in the drinking water (much like
       | fluoride) because the benefit to society is going to be too hard
       | to pass up on. However, it seems that it's delivered via
       | injection so maybe putting it in the water supply wouldn't even
       | be effective.
        
         | cooljacob204 wrote:
         | I don't think anything that can influence our choices would
         | ever get enough public approval for that.
        
         | logicchains wrote:
         | It's funny you say that because just now the US is starting to
         | re-consider water fluoridation: https://www.theguardian.com/us-
         | news/2024/oct/04/fluoridation... .
         | 
         | It's also relative uncommon in other developed countries;
         | according to Wikipedia, "Out of a population of about three-
         | quarters of a billion, under 14 million people (approximately
         | 2%) in Europe receive artificially-fluoridated water. Those
         | people are in the UK (5,797,000), Republic of Ireland
         | (4,780,000), Spain (4,250,000), and Serbia (300,000)."
        
           | supportengineer wrote:
           | The benefits of fluoridation were amazing. I didn't have a
           | single cavity until I was 25 and had moved away from that
           | area to a non-fluoridated area.
        
             | ninalanyon wrote:
             | Don't you clean your teeth with a fluoridated toothpaste?
             | That should be plenty good enough, no need to put it in the
             | drinking water.
        
               | supportengineer wrote:
               | That's what I'm telling you. It's not the same.
        
             | calculatte wrote:
             | Even if that is true, there's no reason to bathe in it,
             | cook with it, water our lawns with it.
             | 
             | And now it's becoming clear that IQ is affected by
             | fluroride
             | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3409983/
             | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5285601/
             | https://www.reuters.com/world/us/epa-must-address-
             | fluoridate...
             | 
             | So how about we keep it out of our drinking water. If you
             | want to put fluoride on your teeth, use fluoridated
             | toothpaste.
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | Keep in mind that the fluoride concentration on those two
               | papers is way larger than what most of the world
               | practices.
               | 
               | In fact, WTF is India doing there? Don't they have limits
               | on it?
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | The funny thing is that if you live in Portland, famously one
           | of the few large cities without fluoride in the water, the
           | dentist can immediately tell if you grew up here.
           | 
           | I would guess that in today's world a lot of people get
           | enough fluoride through processed foods being made in places
           | that have fluoridated water.
        
       | Eumenes wrote:
       | The day Ozempic/similar drugs become approved for weight loss
       | under ACA/Medicare is the day I stop paying taxes.
        
         | pfdietz wrote:
         | Good news! You'll probably be able to get GLP-1 agonists in
         | prison.
        
           | snvzz wrote:
           | There are legal ways to stop paying taxes in a country, such
           | as moving elsewhere.
           | 
           | It is a much safer assumption to make than tax evasion.
        
             | Eumenes wrote:
             | You're required to pay taxes to the US forever, unless you
             | renounce your citizenship, which costs money too:
             | https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertwood/2022/07/06/leave-
             | us-...
        
               | snvzz wrote:
               | Renouncing citizenship does cost money?
               | 
               | Jesus. I am glad not to be a US citizen; I moved to Japan
               | and very easily stopped paying taxes to my former
               | country.
        
         | ogogmad wrote:
         | I'll bite: Why?
        
       | valunord wrote:
       | Fuck that. Just have some willpower! Some of us have been doing
       | OMAD without assistance, just grunting through the stress and
       | pain for years. It's much healthier than drugging up.
        
         | snvzz wrote:
         | After one year of OMAD and 15kg less, I am now at about ideal
         | weight by BMI (22).
         | 
         | I didn't even need much if any willpower past the first couple
         | days.
         | 
         | This push for Ozempic is utter madness.
        
       | steveBK123 wrote:
       | One lurking concern I've had around this space is that junk food
       | makers simply find a way to make their food even more addicting.
       | 
       | Arguably though, ozempic'd customers and shrinkflation'd products
       | would be a recipe for amazing margin improvement. And they can
       | dress it up as doing good because its better for people, (like
       | the 100 calorie snack packaging).
        
         | sph wrote:
         | You can see that in the lab-grown burger space already: it is a
         | massive opportunity for companies to create an ultra-processed
         | version of meat, and label it as healthy as the public opinion
         | has gone blindly against meat and on the vegan bandwagon.
         | They'll claim it's more eco-friendly, they can sell it 5x the
         | price of beef and rake billions.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | > public opinion has gone blindly against meat
           | 
           | Only if you spend too much time online. In the grocery store,
           | I don't see any indication that meat substitutes are gaining
           | traction. If anything, popularity seems to be ebbing. The
           | people choosing fake beef for their burgers are a tiny
           | minority.
        
             | steveBK123 wrote:
             | Indeed, a COVID era ZIRP funded fad that has fallen on hard
             | times.
             | 
             | A product that fits a niche - former meat eaters who miss
             | meat and want to be vegetarians.
             | 
             | Otherwise for true health conscious or longtime vegetarians
             | there are better options.
        
             | sph wrote:
             | True, the point is that the online minority is the loudest
             | and in this day and age they drive change. I heard talks of
             | taxing red meat in UK, for example, which is absolutely
             | ludicrous.
        
       | dfxm12 wrote:
       | Instead of a system that makes these drug available for purchase,
       | I'd rather live in a system that promotes healthy food and active
       | behavior. Unfortunately, I have to drive everywhere, work too
       | many hours to have free time for recreation and have no idea
       | which government subsidy is going to help big ag likely at the
       | expense of my health.
       | 
       | All things being equal, I'd prefer to spend less money on
       | prescriptions and have fewer trips to the doctor.
        
         | from-nibly wrote:
         | You don't have to worry about which government subsidy is going
         | to help big ag at the expense of your health. It's all of them.
        
         | paulcole wrote:
         | This is like saying, "All things being equal, I'd prefer Santa
         | Claus bring presents on Christmas Eve than have to go shopping
         | for my kids."
         | 
         | It's like well duh of course you'd prefer the impossibly
         | unrealistic miracle.
        
           | wizzwizz4 wrote:
           | Other countries do it.
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Change4Life
        
             | sbelskie wrote:
             | Is there any evidence it's effective?
             | 
             | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity_in_the_United_Kingd
             | o...
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | The claim was about _promotion_ , not effective
               | promotion. (As a sibling comment points out, _effective_
               | promotion is not unrealistic either. It won 't happen on
               | its own, but nothing does.)
        
               | card_zero wrote:
               | So other countries would _officially_ prefer the
               | impossibly unrealistic miracle.
        
               | sweeter wrote:
               | the UK has basically become the US by most metrics. This
               | includes the increasing privatization of health services,
               | transport, etc... and the excessive commodification of
               | basic necessities like housing.
               | 
               | I find that saying that health initiatives don't work by
               | vaguely gesturing at a country, is not a structurally
               | sound argument. Its like the sentiment here is: "is the
               | fact that we include Pizza as a vegetable in American
               | schools part of the problem? Nooooo, that can't be it. it
               | must be a moral issue!" and thats just one example.
               | 
               | The obesity problem in the US is tied directly to our
               | relationship with highly processed (and CHEAP) food.
               | Along with the stranglehold those companies have over
               | state and federal institutions that allow them to
               | directly sell these foods in schools and institutions,
               | and heavily skirt FDA regulations via lobbying.
               | 
               | The US is uniquely bad when we have a ton of chemicals
               | and ingredients in our foods that are banned in most
               | other countries. It is largely a systemic problem and a
               | problem that can easily be solved. Poorer people tend to
               | eat cheap food, cheap processed food isn't well regulated
               | and is directly tied obesity and a whole host of health
               | problems.
        
             | ahahahahah wrote:
             | hahaha.
             | 
             | "The UK has seen its obesity rates increase faster than the
             | US. In the UK, obesity has risen sharply since 1990, when
             | it affected only 14% of adults. The UK is also considered
             | one of the most overweight countries in Western Europe."
             | 
             | In addition, since the introduction of Change4Life, the
             | obesity rate has simply continued to climb in the uk (see h
             | ttps://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/SN03
             | ..., for example).
             | 
             | So yes, other countries (just like the US), have introduced
             | programs to try to encourage healthier behaviors, and have
             | seen similar outcomes from them.
        
           | SapporoChris wrote:
           | Of course it is impossible to live a healthy lifestyle and
           | have healthy weight, if you ignore the 3/5ths of Americans
           | that are not obese and the 7/8th of the global population.
        
             | Teever wrote:
             | Are the 3/5ths of Americans who are not obese actually
             | living a healthy lifestyle? Or are they just living a
             | different unhealthy lifestyle?
             | 
             | Is a skinny homeless methhead with a great BMI healthy? Or
             | the blue collar dude who has terrible blood pressure from
             | chain smoking and pounding energy drinks on his way to the
             | job site?
             | 
             | How many Americans who are not obese are on their way to
             | becoming obese?
             | 
             | There are lots of paths to unhealthiness and overeating /
             | eating poorly is only one of them
        
               | valval wrote:
               | Obesity and poor metabolic health is by far the greatest
               | predictor of an early death.
        
               | Teever wrote:
               | Yes of course, but the point I'm making is that people
               | who aren't obese aren't necessarily healthy.
               | 
               | People aren't born obese. They get that way through
               | mistreating their body for a long period of time, and it
               | is quite possible for them to die before they become
               | obese to other maladies related to that mistreatment.
        
               | hackable_sand wrote:
               | True. I do not think I have not yet met a person who is
               | completely healthy.
               | 
               | Maybe in passing.
        
           | llamaimperative wrote:
           | Impossibly unrealistic to change zoning to disincentivize
           | car-dependent urban design?
           | 
           | Impossibly unrealistic to get rid of enormous sugar
           | production subsidies that make it insanely cheap?
           | 
           | Impossibly unrealistic to simply tax added sugar?
        
             | crooked-v wrote:
             | > Impossibly unrealistic to change zoning to disincentivize
             | car-dependent urban design?
             | 
             | Those zoning issues are the same reason for any number of
             | other problems, including housing prices that are
             | supposedly the #1 concern for a huge number of voters, and
             | yet voters in many cities have only doubled down over time
             | on making it harder and harder to build in efficient and
             | high-density ways. "Impossible" seems like a fair way to
             | put it.
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | Yet some cities are making progress on exactly that
               | issue.
               | 
               | I haven't done the statistics on it, but I'll bet cities
               | full of people who want zoning reform are more likely to
               | reform than cities full of people who do not want it.
        
               | Schiendelman wrote:
               | No city has implemented anything like zoning reform.
               | There are a handful of cities which, to great fanfare,
               | have made tiny changes. Minneapolis has made the most
               | impact, but it's hard to rule out correlation with
               | falling demand for that city.
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | Raleigh doubled its zoned density overnight.
        
               | Schiendelman wrote:
               | They did not. They allowed duplexes and townhouses in
               | some places that were limited to single houses
               | (https://www.newsobserver.com/news/local/counties/wake-
               | county...).
               | 
               | This change ultimately allowed something like 10% more
               | units in the city on a 100 year horizon.
               | 
               | This is what I'm calling out - these changes sound big
               | but they are nearly meaningless. Cities need periods of
               | explosive growth to remain affordable (see Jane Jacobs,
               | 1961 and 1970).
        
             | paulcole wrote:
             | All 3 seem to be going swimmingly so far!
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | Do you need an explanation of the difference between
               | "impossible" and "challenging?"
        
               | paulcole wrote:
               | I'll repeat:
               | 
               | All 3 seem to be going swimmingly so far!
               | 
               | There is no material difference between impossible and
               | challenging if the thing doesn't actually happen.
               | 
               | It's like Kramer saying he could have levels in his
               | apartment it's just that he doesn't want them.
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | Hard problems are hard, and not impossible.
        
               | paulcole wrote:
               | Well if they never get solved are they hard or are they
               | impossible?
               | 
               | What's the difference between, "It was hard and we didn't
               | solve it" and "It was impossible"?
        
         | TeeMassive wrote:
         | I'm glad for RFK Jr. for this reason.
         | 
         | Nobody talked about this in the mainstream conversations in the
         | past.
        
           | labster wrote:
           | People and officials have been talking about healthy eating
           | for generations. Hard to get more mainstream than every
           | doctor talking about diet and exercise.
        
             | TeeMassive wrote:
             | Politicians have been protecting big ag for decades. Now
             | independent farmers are getting criminally prosecuted for
             | selling their raw foods directly to consumers.
        
           | llamaimperative wrote:
           | If you like RFK Jr "for this reason," you oughta _looove_
           | Michelle Obama!
           | 
           | https://letsmove.obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/
           | 
           | Out from underneath the rock, people have been talking about
           | this nonstop for decades.
        
             | TeeMassive wrote:
             | I don't see the Obamas defending the farmers getting
             | criminally prosecuted for selling their raw food directly
             | to consumers. RFK Jr is.
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | Yeah that's because it's dangerous
        
               | TeeMassive wrote:
               | If that was the case then the Amish would not be
               | healthier on average than the rest of the population
        
         | gcr wrote:
         | If you have an open mind, I'd like to assign you some homework
         | if you like. Take a look around r/zepbound and count the
         | following:
         | 
         | 1. Posts from folks who diet+exercise, or who have tried
         | diet/exercise and nothing's worked so they then turned to
         | Zepbound ("excited to hit the gym," "my diet is finally
         | starting to work with Zepbound" and similar)
         | 
         | 2. Posts from folks who haven't tried diet/exercise and turned
         | to Zepbound first. (e.g. "I'm excited to eat dessert and laze
         | around on my couch all day!" or "Zep is so much easier than
         | before, no more keto for me" and similar)
         | 
         | Which group do you think would have more posts?
         | 
         | Selection bias probably prevents us from being able to count
         | "Zepbound didn't work for me, but diet and exercise did" posts,
         | which is why i suggest this.
         | 
         | Here's my hypothesis: I think self-control is generally
         | uncorrelated to losing weight. Perhaps it's necessary to have
         | self-control to lose weight "the simple way," but certainly not
         | sufficient. I know lots of friends who've struggled and found
         | it's not so simple.
        
           | llamaimperative wrote:
           | GP isn't talking about self-control, they're talking about
           | the fact we've created a system that _requires_ obscene
           | amounts of self-control if you wish to maintain physical
           | health.
           | 
           | People in the 50s weren't slimmer because they had ironclad
           | determination to stay such.
        
             | nextos wrote:
             | Exactly, good systems do not rely on willpower. They rather
             | make obvious habits effortless.
             | 
             | Deviating from the mean is hard. Bad food and sedentarism
             | are the norm.
        
               | jsrcout wrote:
               | Agree. "Defaults matter".
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | > They rather make obvious habits effortless.
               | 
               | I wouldn't call taking the stairs in a pre-elevator world
               | "effortless", rather it was just the only option.
               | 
               | I also think better food handling/storage/treatment/blah
               | means we absorb & retain more of the calories that we
               | consume.
        
               | ethbr1 wrote:
               | The vast majority of accessible American foods these days
               | are over-processed, poor quality ingredients with fancy
               | marketing on the boxes. (And stories about how the brand
               | was started by a grandmother a century ago...)
        
               | xcskier56 wrote:
               | Traveling from a fairly walkable, but still car dependent
               | midwestern city to NYC and also Europe in the last few
               | months, it's amazing how much our living environment
               | contributes. My first day in NYC and Europe I put in
               | about 14k steps and at least according to my phone, one
               | of those days I burned 750 cal just walking around to
               | various places. Just by living my life I was WAY more
               | active.
               | 
               | Making the good choice the easy/only choice is the only
               | way to solve this problem long-term (without drugs)
        
               | atrettel wrote:
               | I agree. I lived in West LA for a few years and noticed
               | that I was just walking around a lot more than in
               | previous locations. I measured it to be typically 5 to 10
               | miles per day (I don't recall the number of steps but I
               | recall getting close to 30k/day on some days). And I
               | wasn't going out of my way to go walking --- it just
               | happened because I walked to work, to get groceries, to
               | visit friends, to go to the movies, etc. To me, the best
               | long-term answer is also to change the environment to be
               | more amenable to walking.
        
               | barrkel wrote:
               | The amount of food you eat isn't a habit. And I don't
               | know what it is that makes people obese, but I don't
               | think it's simply "bad food" as in the stereotype of bad
               | food.
               | 
               | It seems clear enough to me that there is something -
               | something - in the ecosystem that messes up the body's
               | weight / energy homeostasis and we haven't identified the
               | culprit. It might be a food additive, but it could be
               | something to do with artificial light in the evening or
               | plasticizers in our plastic products or who knows what.
               | 
               | Just my pov as non-overweight person who doesn't exercise
               | (other than flipping my four year old around), doesn't
               | walk or run long distances (but a 5 mile walk every
               | couple of months doesn't phase me), eats very few fruits
               | and vegetables, generally eats mostly meat, pasta, bread,
               | cheese, cream and potatoes, and ends up in a fast food
               | outlet maybe once a week on average.
        
               | pas wrote:
               | recommended reading about the environmental factor
               | hypothesis
               | 
               | https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/NRrbJJWnaSorrqvtZ/on-not-
               | get...
               | 
               | it doesn't have to be just habit, but cultural/learned
               | factors likely play a huge part.
               | 
               | each generation eats more, gets bigger, obesity runs in
               | the family, (many obesity associated genes are mostly
               | expressed in the brain ... the typical cursed
               | environment-gene interaction), portion sizes got bigger,
               | it became normal to gulp down a lot more sugar, etc.
        
             | mlyle wrote:
             | > People in the 50s weren't slimmer because they had
             | ironclad determination to stay such.
             | 
             | No. They lived in an overall healthier environment. But
             | they were also subject to much greater social pressure to
             | stay slim and could endure fairly intense social judgment
             | and stigmatization for weights that we consider normal
             | (particularly women).
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | Then why are people scrambling for Ozempic? If it were
               | true that "people think being fat is totally fine or
               | desirable now" then this wouldn't be a blockbuster drug.
               | 
               | Weak thesis.
        
               | adventured wrote:
               | Both things are true.
               | 
               | There was a far more vicious shaming culture 50-70 years
               | ago about things like being obese. And culturally it's
               | still looked down upon to be obese, it's just not as
               | acceptable to be vicious about it (and of course
               | sometimes people still are).
               | 
               | Today however there is a lot more "always on" pressure:
               | social media is a huge component to social, social
               | acceptance, socializing, social learning & sharing,
               | getting to date people, et al. That's a form of
               | individually focused media pressure that didn't exist
               | back then. And sure you can turn it off, not partake, but
               | there are usually serious consequences especially for
               | younger people.
               | 
               | That's the context.
        
               | soulbadguy wrote:
               | Non sense... There were not a particularly big stigma
               | about being obese 50 or 70 years ago. Socially stigma
               | were more about gender roles, sexuality etc...etc...
        
               | adventured wrote:
               | There was a huge stigma about being obese 50-70 years
               | ago. It was wholly unacceptable for children, young
               | persons and women in particular. Exclusively older men
               | were allowed to be obese culturally without being shamed
               | about it.
               | 
               | As recently as the 1980s movies were overloaded with
               | jokes about fat people, it was extremely common. That's
               | stigma in action culturally.
        
               | soulbadguy wrote:
               | The 80's were 40 years ago... I am not sure where you get
               | your reference from... Jokes about fat people and stigma
               | about being fat aren't the same thing
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | I didn't say it isn't _true_ that people were shamed more
               | often in the past, I said it has little to no explanatory
               | power of the current health crisis because obviously
               | there is no _lack of desire_ from people to be slimmer.
        
               | mlyle wrote:
               | I think it's a little bit of a silly thought to think
               | that just because people want to be slimmer now, they
               | want to do so _just as much_ as they would have facing
               | harsher social pressures in the 1950 's.
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | How big were the health food, gym, and fitness industries
               | in the 50s?
               | 
               | Answer: literally non-existent.
        
               | mlyle wrote:
               | How big were the 'crash diet' and 'smoke cigarettes to
               | stay thin' and 'use amphetamines to stay thin'
               | industries?
               | 
               | Indeed, we have the inception of Weight Watchers at the
               | start of the next decade, replacing far crazier things
               | like the cabbage diet being used en masse.
               | 
               | Yes, it was easier in some ways to live a healthier life;
               | one reason why was the rampant social policing of each
               | other's weight.
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | The prevalence of dedicated dieting or weight loss
               | efforts has _increased_ over time. The success of those
               | efforts has _decreased_ over time.
        
               | mlyle wrote:
               | > The prevalence of dedicated dieting or weight loss
               | efforts has _increased_ over time.
               | 
               | Perhaps, perhaps not. But you'd expect that if there's
               | many different causes making weight gain more common and
               | only one is changes in social pressures (as I've already
               | stipulated in each post).
               | 
               | And, likewise, as stipulated above: overt social stigma
               | is not the only reason why people might prefer to be of a
               | lower weight.
               | 
               | > The success of those efforts has decreased over time.
               | 
               | Well, one reason for this is that we've reduced the use
               | of obviously harmful but effective weight loss techniques
               | like cigarettes and stimulants. The 1950s were the era of
               | the rainbow diet pill clinic, where you'd walk in and get
               | a personalized cocktail of amphetamines and thyroid drugs
               | and laxatives and diuretics to help you control weight.
        
               | golergka wrote:
               | They smoked.
        
               | kps wrote:
               | > They lived in an overall healthier environment.
               | 
               | They lived in a _different_ environment. The universal
               | appetite-reduction drug was nicotine, and the common
               | methods of administration had a number of undesirable
               | side effects.
        
               | mlyle wrote:
               | Yup. Don't forget that using amphetamines for the same
               | purpose was socially accepted/considered a worthwhile
               | tradeoff.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | And ample availability of calorie-free barbituates
               | instead of just calorie-rich (and appetite-stimulating)
               | ethanol
        
               | listenallyall wrote:
               | "Overall healthier environment". Meaning, food was
               | relatively scarce. No Starbucks, Dunkin Donuts,
               | convenience store on every corner. Coca-cola was not
               | available in 2-liter bottles or in 24 packs of cans. No
               | Costco-sized mutlipacks of anything.
               | 
               | In the 1950s, malnutrition was a serious issue that many
               | people in poor areas died from. When was the last time
               | someone died because they didn't have access to food?
               | Obviously, the other side of that coin is that food being
               | so plentiful, people eat much, much more than ever
               | before.
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | Starvation was not a major issue in the US in the 1950s.
               | 
               | Food abundance is good, but it is not the answer to this
               | question. For example, in America today the richest
               | locations tend to be the most physically fit.
        
               | listenallyall wrote:
               | That's kind of the point. Poor people today have no
               | problem obtaining and consuming enormous quantities of
               | food, and jave high obesity rates as a result. Unlike
               | prior eras, being rich doesn't provide an advantage when
               | it comes to accessing food (as opposed to housing,
               | leisure time, luxury items, etc)
        
             | squidlogic wrote:
             | In my experience fitness is less about self control or will
             | power and more about creating routines that lead to
             | fitness.
             | 
             | For example, I have a routine of going to a group fitness
             | class at my gym in the morning. I don't need to summon
             | willpower, I just have a morning routine that involves
             | doing x thing at y time. No thought required.
             | 
             | Given the abundance of options for fitness classes and meal
             | plan services, you really can just put this on auto-pilot
             | and have a lifestyle that is healthier than 99% of your
             | peers.
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | Unfortunately we know that simply convincing people to
               | change their behavior is very, very, _very_ fucking hard.
               | Individuals can and do pull it off, yes, but we 're
               | talking about a society level change that needs lots of
               | people to succeed at this.
               | 
               | It is empirically and demonstrably ineffective as a
               | solution.
        
               | nightski wrote:
               | Nothing "needs" to happen. People don't have to live how
               | you want them to.
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | Thanks for your insight. What are you even doing here
               | having a conversation if one person has no legitimate
               | bearing on another?
               | 
               | Obviously no one is talking about a treadmill
               | concentration camp here, good lord.
        
               | justinator wrote:
               | Habits are great, but I'm in great shape because what I
               | do is fun. When it's not fun I called it "training" and
               | that's usually for some huge goal that'll at least be fun
               | to look back at 10, 20 years down the line to marvel that
               | I did a thing.
               | 
               | I guess what I want to express is habits are one step
               | closer to a lifestyle change and that's what keeps one
               | ultimately healthy (mentally, too). We can't have
               | nightmare commutes to soul-sucking jobs to continually
               | have people addicted to looking at screens and think that
               | there's no fallout. Adding, "but now there are drugs!"
               | isn't an advancement.
        
               | ethbr1 wrote:
               | > _Given the abundance of options for fitness classes and
               | meal plan services..._
               | 
               | This is part of what's fucked up about modern American
               | lifestyles.
               | 
               | We shouldn't be promoting _layering_ healthy behaviors
               | (fresh foods and exercise) on _top_ of our default lives
               | -- we should be doing a better job of engineering our
               | environment to make those things the _default_ for all
               | people.
               | 
               | F.ex. what if we highly taxed automobile entry into urban
               | cores and shopping districts?
        
               | ryukafalz wrote:
               | Right. Design our cities so that getting around while
               | getting exercise is safe and easy. And restaurants/etc
               | should give you healthy portion sizes by default, not
               | rely on your self-control to stop eating. And so on...
        
               | jim-jim-jim wrote:
               | Every yuppy feels compelled to remind you they go to the
               | gym, expecting a pat on the head for being a responsible
               | citizen, when it's really a sign of a dysfunctional
               | lifestyle. Cordoning off a discrete slice of time to "be
               | healthy" is pathetic imo. I'd much rather just be
               | healthy. Gorillas don't work out.
               | 
               | But because I live in suburban Australia and eat the same
               | pesticide laden slop as everybody else, I too have a gym
               | membership.
        
               | hooverd wrote:
               | Gorillas can also digest cellulose.
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | > Cordoning off a discrete slice of time to "be healthy"
               | is pathetic imo.
               | 
               | What does this actually mean to you? Walking or even
               | running is certainly not comparable to going to the gym,
               | so what, should we lift heavy weights as part of our
               | regular jobs to keep up our upper body muscle mass?
        
               | skeeter2020 wrote:
               | Routines help because they reduce the impact and
               | uniqueness of the good behaviour. Another approach is to
               | do things that have high positive pay-off but include
               | health benefits you wouldn't target but get "for free".
               | Example: I ride my bike to work because it's awesome,
               | faster and makes me feel superior. That I get exercise
               | and help out the earth is a side effect; I'd probably
               | still ride my bike if it was unhealthy and produced more
               | CO2
        
             | jrflowers wrote:
             | > People in the 50s weren't slimmer because they had
             | ironclad determination to stay such.
             | 
             | People in the 50s (in the US) had, among other things,
             | fistfuls of benzedrine.
             | 
             | Edit: here is a link for the skeptical folks
             | https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/speedy-history-
             | americ...
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | Whatever, set the clock to the 1820s. Or the 1400s. Or
               | the 1200s. Or the 1990's or 200 BCE, I don't care.
        
               | golergka wrote:
               | They didn't have that much food available.
        
               | jrflowers wrote:
               | I didn't bring up the 1950s, you did. (???)
               | 
               | It is a useful and topical period to discuss in a thread
               | about ubiquitous weight loss drug usage.
        
               | viraptor wrote:
               | Do we really have enough information about their daily
               | habits, food availability, ability to survive, etc. from
               | those times? Once you go before easy refrigeration and
               | distribution, you get people dying from famine in bad
               | years. It's going be to be hard to make any actionable
               | lessons from those times that still apply now.
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | Yes we know that 50%+ of the population was not obese.
        
               | viraptor wrote:
               | https://academic.oup.com/past/article/239/1/71/4794719
               | 
               | > James Nye, for example, was one of a family of eleven
               | children raised in rural Sussex in the 1820s and recalled
               | how the 'the young ones' in his family went 'very short
               | of food'. Despite his mother's best efforts, he rarely
               | had more than 'half a bellyful' at mealtimes, and ate
               | scarcely anything other than bread.
               | 
               | > Following the harvest failures of 1816, for example,
               | John Lincoln's entire family was forced to undergo severe
               | privations. His two children succumbed to disease very
               | easily -- their quick deaths from measles were likely
               | owing in part to prior malnourishment.
               | 
               | You can't be obese if you don't have food.
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | The 90s?
        
               | jrflowers wrote:
               | >Whatever, set the clock to the 1820s. Or the 1400s. Or
               | the 1200s. Or the 1990's or 200 BCE, I don't care.
               | 
               | I think they may have taken your prompt and thought about
               | the 1820s, 1400s, 1200s or 200 BCE. Did you mean to
               | direct people to discuss the 1990s by listing the other 4
               | eras?
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | I mean to say Homo sapiens has existed for 300,000 years.
               | They have not been 70%+ overweight or obese for most of
               | those years. All the way until the 90s, obesity rates
               | have been WAY lower, even in food-abundant societies.
        
               | jrflowers wrote:
               | What is your point? I mentioned drug availability in the
               | 1950s and you dismissed it with an arbitrary list of
               | other time periods. Someone else mentioned food scarcity
               | in a period you mentioned, and you shifted the discussion
               | to the 1990s (and now the past 300,000 years ???).
               | 
               | It seems like you do not want to discuss any factors
               | relating to obesity in history at all, yet you keep
               | engaging in this topic anyway. It is impossible to have a
               | conversation where one side discusses facts like drug
               | availability or food scarcity and the other says "no
               | think about something else" as a canned response.
               | 
               |  _What do you think_ is the cause of the increased level
               | of obesity? _What do you think_ is the solution, if any?
        
               | varjag wrote:
               | 1820s? Oh yes a ton.
        
               | viraptor wrote:
               | Yeah, I meant before that. The records for the earlier
               | years mentioned were not really kept that well for every
               | segment of population.
        
               | kemitche wrote:
               | So, eras of food scarcity?
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | The 90s?
        
               | jrflowers wrote:
               | >Whatever, set the clock to the 1820s. Or the 1400s. Or
               | the 1200s. Or the 1990's or 200 BCE, I don't care.
               | 
               | I think they may have taken your prompt and thought about
               | the 1820s, 1400s, 1200s or 200 BCE. Did you mean to
               | direct people to discuss the 1990s by listing the other 4
               | eras?
        
               | presentation wrote:
               | Or choose a country with a low obesity rate today and
               | analyze that.
        
               | mtlmtlmtlmtl wrote:
               | Amphetamine(which is what benzedrine was) is pretty
               | overrated as a weight loss drug in the general
               | population. It causes a short window of reduced appetite
               | and probably increased catabolism(due to increased heart
               | rate) which peters out after a couple weeks on the same
               | dose. That leads to a short period of rapid weight loss
               | that pretty much grinds to a complete halt, after which
               | regaining the lost weight is quite typical.
               | 
               | On the other hand, if like me, you have ADHD and weight
               | issues, it could be more helpful. Because it could treat
               | your ADHD enough to help you actually establish and
               | follow a structured diet and exercise regime. Especially
               | if your ADHD includes impulsivity. The last time I was on
               | lisdex treatment, I lost about 5kg from the initial
               | boost, a lot of it was probably water weight. Then I
               | managed to cut about 30kg later with calorie counting and
               | regular cardio.
               | 
               | So the physical effects themselves are largely a
               | pisstake.
        
             | golergka wrote:
             | > a system that requires obscene amounts of self-control if
             | you wish to maintain physical health
             | 
             | That's million years of evolution with food scarcity and
             | modern capitalist world which created unprecedented
             | abundance of food (and other things). And before you
             | compare it to Europe -- europeans still smoke much more
             | than americans. Tobacco is also just a chemical that
             | decreases effects of obesity, just in a different form.
        
               | soulbadguy wrote:
               | So that's your explanation ? European are slimmer because
               | they smoke more ??
        
               | adventured wrote:
               | Which Europeans?
               | 
               | Countries in Europe with approximately the same obesity
               | problem as the US:
               | 
               | Poland, Croatia, Romania, Britain, Hungary, Georgia,
               | Slovakia, Chechia, Ireland, Greece.
               | 
               | And of course New Zealand, Australia, Canada are all in
               | the same boat as well.
               | 
               | Those are all over 30% obesity and climbing (Romania is
               | 38%, nearly at the US levels). The US is of course the
               | leader of the pack, however it's all the same fundamental
               | problem.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | My running theory is that there's more weight-
               | discrimination in Europe, so you're just less likely to
               | see the overweight/obese in customer-facing positions.
        
               | golergka wrote:
               | Different European countries have different
               | circuimstances, just like their counterparts, american
               | states. But if we're talking about all of Europe and US,
               | then yes, this is the main reason.
        
               | soulbadguy wrote:
               | Source ?
        
             | screye wrote:
             | Your point is correct. But 50% of people in 50s also smoked
             | cigarettes, a known appetite suppressant.
             | 
             | So yeah, culture driven lower portion sizes + meds driven
             | lower appetite is a well-tested combination with known
             | positive outcomes.
        
             | danbolt wrote:
             | Yeah, they had nicotine!
        
             | bsder wrote:
             | > People in the 50s weren't slimmer because they had
             | ironclad determination to stay such.
             | 
             | Well, heights increased dramatically for a couple decades
             | so what that meant was that many people in the 1950s were
             | _starving_. In the 1930s, people _died_ of starvation even
             | in the US.
             | 
             | I don't really think that we want to go back to starving
             | our population just to be thin, thanks.
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | No one is proposing that, obviously
        
             | presentation wrote:
             | Living in Japan has made it clear to me that cultural
             | attitudes towards food make all the difference. It's not
             | like there's a dearth of delicious things here, but obesity
             | rates are more or less a rounding error.
        
               | Schiendelman wrote:
               | There's a confounding factor to your theory: people in
               | Japan are dramatically less likely to use a car for door-
               | to-door travel. The amount of walking a Japanese person
               | does burns a huge number of calories that most people in
               | the US simply don't burn.
        
               | presentation wrote:
               | I don't buy it, putting aside the fact that there are
               | many public transit-heavy countries with obesity
               | problems, the amount of calories you burn from walking is
               | a drop in the bucket, you can wipe out a full day of city
               | walking with a small portion of French fries.
               | 
               | Diet is a way bigger factor in weight control than
               | activity, unless you're a pro athlete burning thousands
               | of calories a day from exercise because you're working
               | out nonstop as your job.
               | 
               | You should still walk for general health, but not for
               | weight loss.
               | 
               | EDIT: this report from Time about Japanese food culture
               | rings true.
               | 
               | https://time.com/6974579/japan-food-culture-low-obesity/
        
               | unlikelytomato wrote:
               | This is certainly true. Others will quote that exercise
               | is not an effective mechanism to maintain healthy weight
               | with 40 studies to back it. The goalposts seem to move a
               | lot in this domain. Nevertheless, there is a ton of
               | evidence of people in various behavior patterns that do
               | not have such obesity issues in their society. It's wild
               | to me how many people reach a conclusion of helplessness
               | given that fact. The real kicker is that we aren't
               | talking about one population being 5-10 lbs too heavy. We
               | are taking about a difference between healthy weight and
               | pervasive obesity. It's wild that such a delta is
               | normalized
        
               | cthalupa wrote:
               | Exercise is good for a variety of reasons. It will burn
               | some additional calories. But most scientists that
               | specialize in metabolic research believe that the
               | constrained total energy expenditure model and metabolic
               | adaption are at least broadly true. You can't exercise
               | out of a bad diet - and it's difficult even if you
               | believe in a fully additive energy expenditure model.
               | 
               | Diet is the overwhelming deciding factor when it comes to
               | weight gain.
        
           | dfxm12 wrote:
           | I'm not sure how this applies to my comment. I'm not saying
           | anything about self control. I'm not against individuals
           | taking GLP-1s. But, if we're at a point where we're _all_ on
           | drugs to treat lifestyle diseases, we should at least
           | recognize that _these lifestyles are largely chosen for us_ ,
           | and we should consider that doing something about that will
           | reap us the benefits we're after.
        
             | llamaimperative wrote:
             | Those benefits _and_ a billion more! Better state of
             | nature, richer social fabric, probably less political
             | polarization if people were bumping into their neighbors
             | more frequently instead of going from drywall box to steel
             | box back to drywall box day in and day out.
        
               | briandear wrote:
               | Not having to bump into neighbors is a feature not a bug.
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | Not for civilization it isn't.
        
               | cvwright wrote:
               | This depends entirely on the neighbors
        
             | 1659447091 wrote:
             | > these lifestyles are largely chosen for us
             | 
             | >> Unfortunately, I have to drive everywhere, work too many
             | hours to have free time for recreation and have no idea
             | which government subsidy is going to help big ag likely at
             | the expense of my health.
             | 
             | At what point do people stop letting the choice being
             | largely "made" for them and choose something else? The gov
             | subsidy has nothing to do with my personal health choices.
             | My grocery store has the same fresh fruits & vegetable
             | sections grocery stores in Europe have. I am lucky to live
             | in a state whose dominate grocery store sources regional
             | meats & produce, sells their own brand of food made fully
             | or mostly with ingredients I can pronounce, and has
             | complete whole food prepared meals for 1-2 people that take
             | 25mins in the oven. [for the same price as fast food]
             | 
             | It's part of the reason I _choose_ not to move. Other
             | choices are a standing desk with a walking pad, which makes
             | it trivial to walk 3-4+ miles a day. I could make more
             | money studying leetcode and living in  "elite" tech valley,
             | or hustling for more work instead of choosing myself over
             | the large house in swank community that _society_ has
             | picked as what is  "success" for me. Eventually I chose to
             | take less of what "they" told me to choose; at some point
             | we have to realize the only person that is going to live
             | with our choices is ourself. If GLP-1s is needed to help
             | people get back or get to that point of realization, then
             | maybe it's a blessing to undo all the ills we(society made
             | up of our neighbors) all contributed to creating.
        
               | dfxm12 wrote:
               | I'm happy you don't live in a food desert, live in a good
               | neighborhood and have the means to move somewhere else if
               | you wanted to. Not everyone has these advantages. I think
               | we can all agree that these are good things and I hope we
               | will do what we can to allow others enjoy them as well,
               | because no one chooses to be in that situation, but it is
               | largely a policy choice to keep it that way.
        
               | 1659447091 wrote:
               | > and have the means to move somewhere else if you wanted
               | to. Not everyone has these advantages.
               | 
               | I debated posting because this is the usual response,
               | instead of seeing the point as, "we" continue to create
               | this _society_ not some magical  "others". I am where I
               | am because of my choices + the lucky draw of loving
               | computers and a dedicated family that scrapped and saved
               | and sacrificed to buy me my own computer as a teenager
               | which helped me move out of the situation I was born in.
               | And even that was better than many of the people I grew
               | up with. So no, this wasnt some privileged post of
               | someone who never walked 2+ miles to the corner store
               | with their friend to pick up a half gallon of milk and
               | pasty white "bread" with food stamps so they could have
               | sandwiches for dinner. [added: while this situation
               | sounds bad it's better than where they (and many of my
               | other friends) came from as they could have been deported
               | back to there if found]
        
           | acabal wrote:
           | The more important point the comment you're replying to makes
           | is not "what if people could diet and exercise" - i.e. accept
           | the modern American lifestyle as given, plus force yourself
           | to go to the gym and eat chicken and broccoli - but rather
           | that the modern American lifestyle in fundamentally
           | structured to lead to people being overweight.
           | 
           | Instead of being forced to drive everywhere for the most
           | basic possible human needs - like getting groceries, going to
           | the doctor, or dropping kids off at school - as is the case
           | in 90% of America - what if you could walk to those places
           | instead? You would get exercise as part of your every day
           | life, with no extra effort!
           | 
           | What if instead of corn syrup being so heavily subsidized, we
           | could use more filling sweeteners in a lower amount instead?
           | What if people lived closer to agriculture, instead of in
           | faraway suburban tract housing only accessible by car, so
           | they had easier access to fresh meat and vegetables, instead
           | of ultraprocessed package food?
           | 
           | These dreams are not "diet and exercise", they are a
           | fundamental reshaping of American lifestyle that would
           | directly lead to weight loss. We know this, because America
           | used to look like this before, say, 1940. In old photos you
           | see people in huge crowds in streets as they walked to their
           | everyday errands, and menus and recipes of the era are mostly
           | minimally processed food that is mostly local. Americans of
           | the past were not overweight, because the way society
           | arranged its physical existence didn't permit it!
        
             | _DeadFred_ wrote:
             | My 1950+s grandparents drove everywhere and were fit. When
             | we try to shoehorn so many agendas into one thing nothing
             | gets resolved. It's also part of why so many people
             | distrust everyone's agenda and truthfulness nowadays. Also
             | 1940s America was mostly rural, not huge crowds of people
             | walking together.
        
               | Schiendelman wrote:
               | In the 1940s, a huge number of Americans walked because
               | fuel was rationed for the war.
               | 
               | I'm not sure you could really find data to back your
               | anecdotes.
        
             | foobarian wrote:
             | IMHO price of calories is the only thing that needs to
             | change. All the talk about wholesome locally grown foods
             | vs. processed industrial stuff is just moralizing and
             | posturing, when the metric that matters is the price. Just
             | look at Coke, which is arguably not even a good example
             | because of pre-war price fixing, but still it costs half as
             | much as in 1950 when adjusted for inflation.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | Tax each calorie $1 and give everyone $2000/day.
               | 
               | (You'll quickly end up with another underground white
               | powder economy though...)
        
             | Wytwwww wrote:
             | > In old photos you see people in huge crowds in streets as
             | they walked to their everyday errands
             | 
             | Because they were poor and didn't have a choice. Making
             | driving extremely expensive and inconvenient and
             | prohibitively high taxes on processed food etc. might force
             | people to change their lifestyles, I'm just not sure how
             | politically feasible that.
        
           | eastbound wrote:
           | I'm not obese, just before (1m75 / 82kg) but I have found
           | self control impossible, except when I do intense sports
           | (like musculation 3-6 times a week). Then only, and this is
           | the magic part, I not only eat less, but also enjoy being
           | more brave, with cold showers, being hungry, going to bed
           | early and other efforts in life.
        
             | Gee101 wrote:
             | What is musculation?
        
               | Schiendelman wrote:
               | A transliteration for lifting.
        
           | Spooky23 wrote:
           | The people in #1 won't express it that way.
           | 
           | I was that guy. For a variety of reasons that aren't relevant
           | i developed insulin resistance over a relatively short time
           | that made it increasingly difficult to lose weight. I'm in my
           | mid 40s, which also makes it difficult.
           | 
           | I got on one of the GLP drugs 18 months ago. I am down 80
           | pounds, and am running 20 miles a week. I'll be doing a half
           | marathon in March. Ive dropped the dose twice and still going
           | strong.
           | 
           | Taking the pill made exercise possible. Online everyone likes
           | to apply a moral hazard thing to every discussion. GLP
           | medication twiddled my dopamine system and allowed me to
           | achieve my goals. Period. If you think that makes me weak, I
           | cannot think of anything that I care less about.
        
           | huijzer wrote:
           | > I think self-control is generally uncorrelated to losing
           | weight
           | 
           | Choosing to eat fewer processed foods is very effective but
           | does not require that much self-control since appetite will
           | fall automatically.
        
           | SirMaster wrote:
           | But don't you think that it's better to make the changes to
           | prevent obesity rather than focus so much on a cure for
           | after?
           | 
           | I don't have a problem with a cure only if it doesn't reduce
           | the focus and effort on prevention.
           | 
           | There has to be a reason why so many more people are obese
           | today than decades ago. I refuse to believe we can't find out
           | why and make changes to reverse it.
           | 
           | But if it's so easy to cure, will enough people care about
           | figuring out how to prevent it?
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | Not saying you're wrong but maybe group 2 is too lazy to open
           | their browser and post their experience?
        
           | Wytwwww wrote:
           | > Perhaps it's necessary to have self-control to lose weight
           | > it's not so simple.
           | 
           | Presumably people who have good self control and are not
           | prone to developing addictions (due genetic or various semi-
           | immutable cause) do not become obese in the first place. It
           | might be fairly easy easy for them to lose weight they just
           | don't need.
        
           | Aeglaecia wrote:
           | counter hypothesis - the amount of self control exhibited by
           | an average human is insufficient to self regulate when placed
           | into a hyper enriched environment , for example the
           | capitalistic profferings of junk food tv porn etc , we did
           | not evolve around these hyper stimulatory activities, how on
           | earth are we meant to adapt to them? drugs are not an answer,
           | they are another bandaid making someone else money and
           | allowing the underlying wounds to fester, the solution is
           | education and awareness of this fucked up situation
        
         | paulmist wrote:
         | What is a realistic path to this? Being from Europe I visited
         | US last year and was horrified at the quality of your food. You
         | see a lot of documentaries/youtube videos/etc... discussing the
         | problem, but how do you even go about this?
        
           | supportengineer wrote:
           | There's plenty of high quality food, you just have to know
           | where to look. For example, come to the Bay Area and check
           | out Whole Foods and any number of high-end restaurants.
        
             | hyggetrold wrote:
             | +1 to this - what Europeans consider "the basics" for most
             | Americans is filed under "luxury" or "bougie."
        
               | cultofmetatron wrote:
               | was in greece for three months. the quality of the BASIC
               | fruits and vegetables at the regular local market down
               | the street from where I was staying was on par with
               | wholefoods. It was surreal how cheap it was to eat
               | HEALTHY.
        
               | fooker wrote:
               | Have you been to Mexican grocery stores in the US?
        
               | throwup238 wrote:
               | Almost any ethnic grocery store will do since they cater
               | to immigrant communities that are likely to be lower
               | income. Here in SoCal some are cheaper than others but
               | they're all way cheaper than Ralphs/Vons/Trader
               | Joes/Costco/etc (I don't shop at WalMart so I'm not sure
               | how they compare)
               | 
               | There are also native stores that are increasingly
               | entering into low cost produce like Grocery Outlet and
               | then there are the usual like Food4Less but they tend to
               | eventually move upmarket.
        
               | fooker wrote:
               | I wonder why, then, Europeans move to the US in such
               | large numbers for academic and tech jobs.
        
               | torlok wrote:
               | They don't move because the food's better. How is your
               | comment relevant to the discussion?
        
               | fooker wrote:
               | The food is better though, as long as you are willing to
               | try food you are not familiar with.
        
               | cruffle_duffle wrote:
               | It's cool to hate on America. Everything is always better
               | in Europe.
        
             | philipkglass wrote:
             | That's overkill. There are very marginal health benefits to
             | eating organic watercress vs. eating whatever dark leafy
             | green is currently on sale at the discount supermarket.
             | 
             | The problem isn't that people go to supermarkets and they
             | can't find any healthful ingredients to cook with. The
             | problem is that they go to supermarkets and pass those over
             | in favor of convenience foods that have been optimized for
             | "craveability" [1].
             | 
             | GLP-1 drugs can alter this behavior by reducing food
             | cravings. Someone who's no longer craving the most
             | craveable food can make more objective by-the-numbers
             | buying decisions the next time they go grocery shopping.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/12/16/4599810
             | 99/ho...
        
             | codersfocus wrote:
             | Imagine thinking Whole Foods is high quality.
             | 
             | The only way you're going to get high quality food in the
             | US is if you live where the Amish are.
        
           | diggan wrote:
           | > but how do you even go about this?
           | 
           | Maybe I'm too European to understand _why not_ , but seems to
           | me that regulations around food and what companies are
           | allowed to put into it is really helpful in avoiding
           | companies from just stuffing whatever down people's throat.
        
           | klaussilveira wrote:
           | The US is a huge country (9,833,520 square kilometers!), so I
           | find it curious that such generalization can be made about
           | the food available here, or even the eating habits of
           | 334,914,895 humans. I could say that I visited Amsterdam 2
           | years ago and I was shocked with the quality of the food.
           | 
           | But I would never do that, since I mostly ate at the Red
           | Light District, and I couldn't possibly generalize the
           | country eating habits with stores in a major tourist area.
        
           | gcr wrote:
           | We have good food, but you won't find it on "The Easy Path."
           | 
           | The Easy Path is that gentle encouragement to hit up Chipotle
           | for lunch, because it's "right there."
           | 
           | The Easy Path says dinner's hard and you've had a long day,
           | so get something simple, like take-out or microwave.
           | 
           | The Easy Path is entropy. The Easy Path is self-care over
           | struggle. The Easy Path is simple carbs shown on prominent
           | display in store shelves. The Easy Path is advertising.
           | 
           | Hitting the gym isn't on The Easy Path, but forgetting to
           | cancel your gym membership is.
           | 
           | These days, big food companies love "The Easy Path" because
           | it's so easy to commoditize, it's the "Path that Americans
           | are Expected to Take." For financial stewards, being on The
           | Easy Path turns lack of willpower into your ally.
           | 
           | On the other hand, getting good food in the US requires
           | passing the marshmallow test: you have to meal prep, or you
           | have to shop around the sides, or you have to get something
           | on the salad menu. You have to say no to advertising. You
           | have to expend willpower, the most limited of resources to
           | the average American. You have to Go Hungry or Suffer, or
           | have An Upset Stomach. You frequently have to spend more
           | money or time.
           | 
           | Semaglutides are not currently on The Easy Path. Maybe they
           | will be someday. I personally doubt that, because putting
           | GLP-1 on The Easy Path would require big food companies to
           | rethink their entire portfolio.
           | 
           | But you're not wrong in that they could be Easy Path-
           | ajdacent. The dialectic would shift: food companies would
           | shift around to be Organic and Nutritious and Less Calories
           | and find other ways to stay on The Easy Path. Sugar and fat's
           | addictiveness is highly Easy Path-enabling, and that's a
           | pretty big vacuum to fill.
        
             | crooked-v wrote:
             | > I personally doubt that, because putting GLP-1 on The
             | Easy Path would require big food companies to rethink their
             | entire portfolio.
             | 
             | I think the drug industry is more powerful than the food
             | industry, these days.
        
               | gcr wrote:
               | This duel of incentives will be a fascinating battle to
               | watch in the coming years.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | Are they? People spend more on food than pharmaceuticals
               | globally, but I do believe they're converging.
        
               | carapace wrote:
               | I mean...
               | 
               | > RJR Nabisco was formed in 1985 by the merger of Nabisco
               | Brands and R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RJR_Nabisco
        
             | valval wrote:
             | Get ground beef in the supermarket, it's cheap and takes 7
             | minutes to cook. If that's all you eat you can't be fat and
             | out of shape. You also won't be hungry.
             | 
             | At some point blaming society isn't going to cut it.
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | At some point "have willpower" isn't going to cut it.
               | That point was decades ago.
               | 
               |  _Blaming_ society sounds fatalistic, but yes we
               | absolutely can _change_ society. There are mechanisms to
               | do it, and the first step to utilizing any of them is
               | people getting pissed off about the state of things and
               | talking to other people about how pissed off they are
               | about it.
        
               | m_fayer wrote:
               | I've done plenty of grinding it out in my life with no
               | energy or time to spare.
               | 
               | Even in that place you can do better than ground beef.
               | 
               | Get an instant pot and invest in some rudimentary cooking
               | skills. I've spent a whole year making variations on the
               | same dish in 15 minutes, using that cooking as end-of-day
               | stress relief. Shopping for the same handful of things
               | once a week.
               | 
               | It wasn't fine dining but it was healthy, cheap, and a
               | few steps up from ground beef. Come now.
        
               | cactusplant7374 wrote:
               | What's your favorite instant pot recipe?
        
               | valval wrote:
               | I love fatty meat and salt. I can't think of many things
               | better than that. It's also the only staple us and our
               | ancestors have eaten for millions of years.
        
               | yunwal wrote:
               | > If that's all you eat you can't be fat and out of
               | shape.
               | 
               | I promise you if ground beef is all you eat you will be
               | much worse than fat and out of shape.
        
               | valval wrote:
               | And I'll promise you the opposite. Meat has everything
               | you need.
               | 
               | You could try it for say, two weeks. I've done it for two
               | years, so nothing super crazy can happen in two weeks.
        
               | sumeruchat wrote:
               | If the only option to stay healthy is to regularly eat
               | ground beef from the supermarket wouldnt you say society
               | has f**ed things up pretty badly :)
        
               | valval wrote:
               | It's not the only thing. You can eat any meat, eggs, or
               | many dairy products. Probably most fruit is fine too,
               | although I don't eat carbs myself.
               | 
               | Yes, all the processed grains and seed oils and
               | artificial sweeteners and chemicals should never have
               | been invented. But I'm not too fussed about that. What I
               | can do is come here and write these comments about the
               | diet that changed my life for the better. If only one
               | person who reads them tries it out, I will already have
               | succeeded.
        
             | squidlogic wrote:
             | The Easy Path is a meal service like Factor that delivers
             | healthy food directly to your door step.
             | 
             | The Easy Path is signing up for a fitness class on a
             | regular schedule and baking it into your morning routine.
             | 
             | The Easy Path is not buying extra snacks - just don't have
             | them laying around the house for you to eat when you're
             | bored.
             | 
             | The Easy Path is the path of least resistance. However, you
             | have some agency over the environment you create for
             | yourself, so that path of least resistance is to some
             | degree under your control.
        
             | FooBarBizBazz wrote:
             | I think you're making this sound harder than it is.
             | 
             | If you count calories and stick to a budget, you will lose
             | weight, even if those calories come from deep-fried fast
             | food. Sure, it's good to eat more whole fruits and
             | vegetables, and you should, but weight loss doesn't require
             | some kind of Edenic perfection. Stick to a calorie budget
             | and you will lose weight, the end.
             | 
             | We can add some second and third order provisos, sure. The
             | next tip would be to go low carb. And to keep a spreadsheet
             | with calorie numbers for everything you eat. Track what
             | you're doing.
             | 
             | But basically, if you eat 1500 kcal/day for nine months,
             | you will be much thinner. We don't have to make it harder
             | than that. It works. Perfection is not required.
        
               | kemitche wrote:
               | "Stick to a calorie budget" is the HARD part, and it's
               | the thing that drugs like Ozempic help people with.
               | 
               | People aren't obese just because they can't figure out
               | how to count to 1500.
        
               | FooBarBizBazz wrote:
               | 1.
               | 
               | If we're talking about this as a public health issue,
               | then I agree with you. You can't really expect much of
               | people as a herd or mass.
               | 
               | (Hell, look at the state of elections.)
               | 
               | If we're talking about this as individual, rational
               | people, though, then it's different. You can absolutely
               | maintain a reasonable weight if you just attend to it.
               | 
               | 2.
               | 
               | There's actually some knowledge embedded in the "count to
               | 1500", which, if you're not in the habit of thinking
               | about, may be surprising. Specifically, the kcal amounts
               | themselves.
               | 
               | Say you just go with the flow of society, and you eat
               | "normally" without thinking about what you're doing:
               | 
               | You wake up, and you have something marketed as "a meal"
               | for breakfast. A breakfast sandwich can easily be 550
               | kcal. If you add a venti latte to this, especially one
               | with sugar, then you could easily add another 250 for
               | that. Now you're at 800 kcal just for breakfast.
               | 
               | Then consider lunch. Even a "small" meal from a healthy
               | salad place, like Sweetgreen (which is expensive), is
               | going to be like 900 kcal. Say that's what you eat. Now
               | you're at 1700 kcal.
               | 
               | The afternoon comes, and you have two chocolate-chip
               | cookies. Two cookies isn't excessive, right? Just a
               | little treat. But each one is probably 120 kcal. So
               | that's 240 kcal. Now you're at 1940 kcal.
               | 
               | Finally you have dinner. Some microwaved thing,
               | relatively small. It's probably like 600 kcal. So now
               | we're at over 2,500 kcal for the day.
               | 
               | Everything you did in the course of that day was
               | relatively normal. Probably only the venti latte at
               | breakfast was obviously excessive. But now you're
               | substantially over your calorie budget.
               | 
               | Now, 2,500 kcal is still salvageable. Every mile you walk
               | on flat ground is about 100 kcal. If you live in the
               | city, you could easily have walked a mile and a half
               | during your commute to work, and another mile when you
               | stepped out for lunch, and a mile and a half on your way
               | back, giving you four miles. You're almost at breakeven.
               | Just need a little more exercise, and you'll maintain
               | your current weight.
               | 
               | (In the burbs, though, you probably drove to all these
               | places and now it's on you to go to a gym, which is a
               | pain in the butt.)
               | 
               | Anyway, my point is, if you weren't attending to all
               | this, how would you know? You'd probably just be doing
               | all these habits without thinking about them. Most parts
               | of this routine seem pretty reasonable. But you'd still
               | be getting fat. Because you're going with the flow
               | _instead_ of counting.
               | 
               | So, there's a little (easy) knowledge involved, but
               | mostly it's not an issue of intellectual ability, it's a
               | matter of attention.
        
             | zahlman wrote:
             | >The Easy Path says dinner's hard and you've had a long
             | day, so get something simple, like take-out or microwave.
             | The Easy Path is entropy. The Easy Path is self-care over
             | struggle.
             | 
             | If you see this sort of food as "self-care" then that's
             | where the war has been lost.
             | 
             | >or you have to shop around the sides
             | 
             | Sometimes I wonder if I'm the only person in the world who
             | enjoys this. Discovering, for example, the versatility and
             | cost-effectiveness of skim milk powder was a real game
             | changer for me. Similarly for dried legumes and fruits.
        
           | ActorNightly wrote:
           | The first thing that would help is actually having a
           | realistic discourse about food, and not the idiotic - "You
           | shouldn't be eating processed food, its not good for you".
           | 
           | Like most of the food that we eat is not really that bad. Its
           | not optimal for sure, especially for sedentary lifestyles,
           | but a lot of the health problems are not directly tied into
           | the actual food, rather the over-consumption of it, and
           | passing down of bad genetics (for example, children of obese
           | people are more likely to be obese).
           | 
           | European obesity tripled in the last 40 years as well,
           | despite higher quality of food.
        
             | aezart wrote:
             | > (for example, children of obese people are more likely to
             | be obese)
             | 
             | I would assume that this is related to gut biome and not
             | genetic makeup.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | > Being from Europe
           | 
           | Why is the quality of food in Europe so much worse than
           | southeast Asia?
           | 
           | Because you guys are way, way, _way_ fatter than e.g. the
           | Japanese.
           | 
           | Back on topic -- we have excellent food in the US, but
           | regulations allow for highly processed crap to be sold too.
           | Pretty sure most of the crappy processed foods are easily
           | available in Europe, too.
        
             | r3d0c wrote:
             | lack of regulations* allow, and no not exactly;
             | 
             | eu and canada have stringent laws on advertising to
             | children, and laws on nutrition and additives to their
             | products
             | 
             | even things like bread in the US have an insane amount of
             | sugar
             | 
             | but the other reason is suburban/car culture & zoning,
             | which means more hypermarkets and shopping not every few
             | days for fresh food but every week or two for more
             | processed food that lasts longer because going to the store
             | is a bigger PITA than a quick 5 min walk to the
             | neighborhood stores; which also means mroe walking rather
             | than driving, another area of calorie burning and lean
             | muscle maintenance which maintains high metab
        
         | vundercind wrote:
         | It's been studied pretty well. Possible effective solutions to
         | the US obesity epidemic are pretty much limited to:
         | 
         | 1) Radically alter aspects of food culture, work culture,
         | social policy, and business regulation.
         | 
         | 2) Magic pill (/injection)
         | 
         | There appears to be no imminent progress on the many parts of
         | #1 that need serious work, so if we want a big turn-around in
         | the next half-century, #2 has suddenly and surprisingly become
         | a real possibility.
        
           | jodrellblank wrote:
           | From the article " _Estimates suggest GLP-1s can reduce body
           | weight by at least 15% when taken regularly_ ". That's a
           | 5'10" man starting at 250lbs (obese, BMI > 35) and finishing
           | at 220lbs (obese, BMI >30).
           | 
           | Or a 5'10" man starting at 220lbs (obese) and finishing at
           | 187lbs (overweight, BMI > 26).
           | 
           | It ain't nothing, but that's not a magic pill which will fix
           | the obesity epidemic. And these people have skipped changing
           | their lifestyle, exercise, diet, and attitudes around food.
        
             | vessenes wrote:
             | I lost 100 lbs over 18 months. And, I found it much easier
             | to change my lifestyle on a GLP-1 drug. Naturally thin
             | people / people who don't have some environmental
             | sensitivity are super judgy about GLP-1 drugs, and closet
             | judgy about fat people. It's just not so simple as
             | "lazy/poor diet/no exercise."
             | 
             | I went from nutritionist appointments that were like "are
             | you lying about your food intake? because if not, you have
             | some serious problem with something in your environment" to
             | "yep, it was easy to cut out a couple things that bothered
             | me," and weight came off astonishingly rapidly.
        
             | inglor_cz wrote:
             | This is work in progress, though. 3rd generation
             | medications are already way more efficient than 1st gen.
             | Saxenda ever was. A further increase in efficiency is
             | likely.
             | 
             | "And these people have _skipped_ changing their lifestyle,
             | exercise, diet, and attitudes around food. "
             | 
             | That sounds very judgmental of you, like if they were
             | skipping school. Bad truants!
             | 
             | What about "found the necessary changes too
             | hard/complicated to sustain"? That is closer to reality.
             | People juggle all sorts of obligations, some are doing
             | multiple jobs, commuting 90 minutes each way etc. - they
             | may be just too fatigued to exercise regularly and cook
             | healthy meals at home.
        
               | jodrellblank wrote:
               | There are 110,000,000 overweight people in the USA and
               | another 110,000,000 obese people. Is it really closer to
               | reality that everyone is a two-jobs no time for exercise,
               | or is it more that Starbucks Mocha Frappuccino has 500
               | Calories and Starbucks has 15,800 stores in the USA and
               | $36Bn annual revenue? And McDonalds, KFC, and all the
               | rest. Is it closer to reality that people are snacking on
               | some snack food on the couch out of habit and not paying
               | attention to how many calories that is in a week, because
               | it's just habit and gone in seconds? Is it closer to
               | reality that Uber Eats and Door Dash and Domino's
               | advertise to manipulate you into believing that you don't
               | have time to cook at home and they are a good option? Is
               | it closer to reality that there are food deserts with
               | only junk easily available?
               | 
               | > " _That sounds very judgmental of you, like if they
               | were skipping school. Bad truants!_ "
               | 
               | It is judgemental of me, like if you want to pass your
               | exams but skip studying, that would be bad. If you aren't
               | exercising and are eating terribly and are obese, this
               | lets you silence the alarm bells while saying "I don't
               | have time to exercise". That doesn't seem as good as
               | eating better and changing your life to include movement.
        
               | inglor_cz wrote:
               | I don't perceive health as a reward for virtue, so even
               | though I understand your analogy with exams, I cannot
               | really accept it.
               | 
               | Ask yourself where fast food comes from. It is a) fast,
               | b) cheap. Of course it is going to suit people who a)
               | don't have time, b) don't have much money. A union of
               | those two wants covers a big part of the contemporary
               | Western population.
               | 
               | Composition of food is another biggie, I agree with you
               | on that. Too much sugar everywhere. That said: we are
               | naturally wired to crave sugar, only someone more and
               | someone less. If fentanyl was legally sold on every
               | corner in fancy packaging, starting with kids, would you
               | blame the resulting junkies for being weak-willed? Or
               | acknowledge that the environment is really fucked up?
               | 
               | I personally don't respond to sugar that much and I can
               | go weeks without it, but that's not my virtue. It is
               | blind luck of my genome or possibly microbiome. I don't
               | drink much either, but again, that's blind luck of my
               | genome or possibly microbiome which makes me dislike the
               | taste of alcohol. Not my iron will, which I don't have.
               | 
               | It is my experience that a lot of people are judgmental
               | about the fatties because it increases their own
               | perceived self-worth. ("We are the virtuous ones, unlike
               | them.") Pretty arbitrary, but humans be like that.
        
               | zahlman wrote:
               | >Ask yourself where fast food comes from. It is a) fast,
               | b) cheap
               | 
               | It is not cheap. Eating fast food regularly would
               | probably more than double my food budget. And yes, I do
               | eat meat regularly.
        
             | kristjansson wrote:
             | N.B. the claim from the quote is 'at least 15%', many users
             | will realize larger benefits.
        
           | NotPractical wrote:
           | But is it time to give up just because there hasn't been much
           | progress yet? It seems now that we have #2 there's little
           | incentive for #1, whereas there was plenty incentive for #1
           | before even if little action.
        
             | vundercind wrote:
             | I think fourish decades was enough time to see if we'd get
             | our shit together on the pile of problems that need to be
             | fixed to solve this the #1 way. We haven't, even a little.
             | 
             | So no, I'm thrilled to see #2 show up to _maybe_ get our
             | healthcare system to limp along for at least a couple
             | decades longer than it was looking like it would.
        
             | adventured wrote:
             | Yes. Looking out 30, 50, 100 years science will further
             | resolve the obesity problem that has plagued the US since
             | the 1980s. There is no scenario where you radically alter
             | such a gigantic, disconnected, complex culture such as the
             | US has. The old joke was that the US would solve this with
             | pills (so to speak), and that's what is going to happen.
             | 
             | If you have a tiny, homogeneous culture it is still very
             | difficult to radically alter it in the span of a couple
             | decades (think: Sweden, Finland). For something the scale
             | of the US, with the diversity of the US, there is no
             | possibility. Anything suggested as comprehensive would be
             | fantasy. There are only small changes that could be done,
             | eg relating to sugar consumption limits in drinks and food;
             | some would have a meaningful impact, however you still
             | won't fundamentally change the culture's calorie problem.
             | 
             | Getting thinner will do extraordinary things for rebooting
             | the malfunctioning US. Obesity does a lot of harmful things
             | to work ethic, longevity, quality of longevity,
             | productivity, mental capabilities, to say nothing of course
             | diabetes and cancer and so on.
        
             | snovv_crash wrote:
             | I think it's better not to sacrifice the wellbeing of our
             | citizens at the feet of an ideology about exactly how we
             | should be solving an obesity crisis.
             | 
             | Besides, having healthier people will lead to better
             | infrastructure for healthier lifestyles, purely based on
             | demand. It's a virtuous cycle.
        
           | sumtechguy wrote:
           | I know someone who has lost about 60lbs. The reaction of most
           | people is 'what pill did you take'. They find out it is
           | basically no sugar and limited amounts of food with some mild
           | exercise. Pretty much every one of them is 'thats hard' and
           | do not do it. And frankly it is hard. Like 95% of a grocery
           | store has way to much of what you need for your daily intake
           | in some form or another. It is that 5% you have to dig thru
           | the whole mountain of crap to find. Then once you find it
           | hope like hell the manufacture does not stop selling it. Or
           | enjoy making everything from scratch (even that is a pain).
           | 
           | I would not jump on that current pill yet. Wait and see.
           | There are probably serious side effects that we mere plebes
           | do not get to find out about yet (that is for 20 years from
           | now). Like what is the side effects when you stop taking it?
           | What if your dose is too high/low? What is the long term
           | usage like for other parts of the body?
        
             | op00to wrote:
             | GLP-1 agonists have already been marketed for 20 years. If
             | there were effects, we'd have seen them by now.
        
               | lurking15 wrote:
               | Sharon Osbourne almost died, and I've read about enough
               | people having serious problems on them including
               | gastroparesis and bowel obstruction.
        
               | vundercind wrote:
               | ? All I can find are a bunch of articles about one or
               | more interviews she gave where she complained it made her
               | too skinny (if you're on it for weight loss rather than
               | diabetes, you can simply adjust the dose down if you're
               | finding it _too_ effective), nothing about almost dying.
        
               | lurking15 wrote:
               | > "I'm too gaunt and I can't put any weight on. I want
               | to, because I feel I'm too skinny," she went on before
               | warning people, "Be careful what you wish for."
               | 
               | She abruptly stopped after losing much more than she
               | wanted to lose.
               | 
               | She looks ill frankly.
        
               | op00to wrote:
               | > "Osbourne said when she first began using the drug she
               | felt nauseous for two to three weeks." > "You don't throw
               | up physically, but you've got that feeling," she said. >
               | She was also very thirsty and did not want to eat.
               | 
               | No, it doesn't appear that some famous person almost
               | died. The drug seemed to be effective for her. She
               | noticed some mild nausea - she even said she didn't throw
               | up. That's mild nausea. She was thirsty - this makes
               | sense. Food contains water, so she was probably
               | dehydrated which contributes to the nausea. She should
               | have drank more water. Finally, she did not want to eat.
               | That is the intended effect of the drug. Sounds like it
               | did exactly what it was designed to do.
               | 
               | Yes, gastroparesis can happen. This is not a shocker, as
               | GLP-1 agonists affect the rate of gastric emptying.
               | Gastroparesis is ... a slowing of gastric emptying. 750
               | out of nearly 150,000 GLP-1 patients experienced
               | gastroparesis. This is about double the incidence in the
               | general population. In very rare cases of gastroparesis
               | you can experience blockages, but that is very much the
               | exception, not the rule. Even so, this is why it's
               | important to meet regularly with your doctor, discuss how
               | you're feeling while on the drug, and get medical
               | attention if you discover you're not shitting and normal
               | methods don't improve things.
               | 
               | There are many useful, common drugs that have side
               | effects that seem scary but are rare. ACE inhibitors are
               | wonderful, well-tolerated drugs for controlling blood
               | pressure, but long term use can cause kidney issues in
               | very rare cases. Monitoring potassium levels allows for
               | this side effect to be controlled well before kidney
               | damage results.
        
               | lurking15 wrote:
               | Let me quote the OP:
               | 
               | > If there were effects, we'd have seen them by now.
               | 
               | You just authored a screed in response to me pointing out
               | that there are effects.
               | 
               | Sharon Osbourne didn't just have mild nausea she now
               | claims she can't put back the weight she lost that she
               | didn't intend to lose.
               | 
               | > Gastroparesis is ... a slowing of gastric emptying.
               | 
               | I can't help but point out the syntax choice of internet
               | snobbery. I'm not sure when people started sprinkling
               | ellipses for dramatic effect because they seem to think
               | it makes them authoritative but I think it's worth
               | highlighting since it's such a reliable heuristic for
               | internet troll.
        
           | CM30 wrote:
           | Sounds similar to most major world/cultural issues today. You
           | can make the exact same argument about climate change for
           | example.
           | 
           | But at the same time, part of me wants to ask... why is this
           | a problem? Why shouldn't we just use science and technology
           | to fix human problems and remove any unfortunate consequences
           | from society?
           | 
           | What's wrong with a world where anyone can eat as much of
           | anything as they want, do no exercise at all, ignore their
           | dental health and smoke like a chimney, yet still have
           | perfect health without any downsides?
           | 
           | Objectively, it would be a better society, with everyone
           | materially better off and a system that doesn't need anywhere
           | near as many resources to care of its citizens.
           | 
           | Why would it matter what route is chosen here?
        
             | tomp wrote:
             | Because some of us want the real thing, not the fake thing
             | achieved by cheaters.
             | 
             | I'm the same in other areas of life. I don't take steroids,
             | I work out in the gym. I don't take drugs to have trips and
             | achieve enlightenment, I tried to find Zen on my own.
             | 
             | I wouldn't partner with someone who had a cosmetic surgery
             | ("fake beauty"), nor someone who wears makeup.
             | 
             | Up to every individual of course, I'm not even saying I
             | will _never_ take TRT (probably eventually, when I 'm
             | older, for health reasons), but I, above everything else,
             | value (and want) authenticity.
        
             | zahlman wrote:
             | >Why shouldn't we just use science and technology to fix
             | human problems and remove any unfortunate consequences from
             | society?
             | 
             | Because this comes at the cost of one's essential humanity.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | > Possible effective solutions to the US obesity epidemic
           | 
           | Just wanted to mention that this is not a US problem, and
           | framing it as such won't help find solutions. Even in
           | southeast Asia the rates over obesity are steadily
           | increasing. Europe is already _much_ fatter than southeast
           | Asia. This is a worldwide phenomenon.
        
             | vundercind wrote:
             | It is global, but the US is among the leaders _and_ people
             | who move here from skinnier countries tend to get fatter.
             | Something about (odds are, a bunch of somethings about) the
             | living environment we've created causes more obesity than
             | the environments in most other countries, though yes, it's
             | getting worse in those other countries, too.
        
             | sschueller wrote:
             | I would argue that the US has some fault to why other
             | western nations are getting fatter.
             | 
             | All of the US's worst fast food chains and food products
             | have been exported. In my tiny city a Carl's Jr. Just
             | opened! There is McDonald's, Burger King and Starbucks
             | everywhere. There are also Dunkin donuts in the supermarket
             | as well as oreos. In contrast there arent any Asian or
             | Russian restaurants chains here.
             | 
             | Local foods have become sweeter in order to compete and
             | there are so many local burger restaurants now it's like I
             | have moved to the US.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | > US has some fault
               | 
               | That's par for the course, the world does love to blame
               | us for their problems. Then they bitch when anyone
               | suggests we've made some choices in the last 100 years
               | that made their lives noticeably better (hello Marshall
               | Plan!).
               | 
               | > have been exported
               | 
               | That's a convenient spin on "have been imported." Do you
               | not make your own choices? If you don't want the crappy
               | fast food, quit making your own copies of it!
               | 
               | Since it's kind of on point for this discussion, I just
               | thought I'd mention one amusing thing I noticed in London
               | -- you can buy _higher calorie_ McDonalds food there. I
               | could get a sasusage mcmuffin with _two_ patties, which
               | isn 't a thing in the US. I almost wanted to do it just
               | for the laughs, but frankly the UK version of McDonalds
               | tastes even worse than the US version. I'm not sure
               | exactly how that's possible.
               | 
               | Y'all should stop importing the shittiest excuses for
               | 'American' food. A lot of us never eat at these places in
               | spite of them being so prevalent. We have a lot of great
               | restaurants, even some of the ones that qualify as fast
               | food.
        
               | ornornor wrote:
               | > If you don't want the crappy fast food, quit making
               | your own copies of it!
               | 
               | "If alcohol is bad for you, quit drinking it!"
               | 
               | "If crack is bad for you, quit taking it!"
               | 
               | My point is that there is more to it than that. You make
               | like it's a choice governed by free will when we know
               | that fatty and sweet foods are addictive and harder to
               | resist.
        
             | aucisson_masque wrote:
             | USA is the worst by a long stretch. I believe it's 80% of
             | the USA population that is overweight.
             | 
             | Being fit there is statistically considered an anomaly.
             | 
             | I don't know of any other country where you would be weird
             | because you're fit.
        
               | Schiendelman wrote:
               | I believe the UK is quite similar.
        
         | mmsc wrote:
         | When the majority of the population is so far gone from being
         | in a healthy weight, promoting healthy food for the masses is
         | not going to help that majority. Yes, walkable cities and so on
         | would be great, and promotion of healthy food and habits is
         | great (remember Michelle Obama asking "why are you people so
         | fat wtf?") for future generations, but Ozempic et al. provides
         | a solution where otherwise, a lot of people are simply "lost".
        
         | chairmansteve wrote:
         | The government isn't going to help you.
         | 
         | This evening, go for a one minute walk.
         | 
         | Tomorrow evening do the same.
         | 
         | Next evening do the same.
         | 
         | Repeat.
         | 
         | The journey of a thousand miles begins with the first step.
        
           | knowitnone wrote:
           | one minute? I'm sure that's not going help anyone to walk for
           | one minute. 30 minutes at a minimum. 60 is good, 120 is
           | great!
        
             | chairmansteve wrote:
             | They've got to start somewhere. Build the habit, get over
             | the resistance.
             | 
             | 1 minute will turn into 2 minutes, then 5 minutes.
             | 
             | And 1 minute is infinitely better than 0 minutes.
        
             | blamarvt wrote:
             | I choose to interpret the post as saying "start small, and
             | be consistent". If you were to tell someone to go for an
             | _at least_ 30 minute walk every day many people would balk
             | at you.
             | 
             | Start with a minute walk. Make time in your day for it.
             | Extend to a 2 minute walk. 5 minute. 15 minute. Etc.
        
             | bronzekaiser wrote:
             | most people dont have 2 hours a day to walk around in
             | circles
        
               | chairmansteve wrote:
               | If they can get a little fitter, they can do 15 minute
               | medium intensity exercises.
               | 
               | The point is, make a start.
        
           | whatshisface wrote:
           | You would have to walk for several hours each day to balance
           | out the overeating that's apparently due to GLP-1.
        
         | throwaway019254 wrote:
         | To paraphrase: Instead of relying on medication that helps with
         | issues caused by our society, let's completely change the
         | society so it's no longer the issue?
         | 
         | That's very idealistic, in my opinion.
        
         | itronitron wrote:
         | It would be interesting to run an experiment where everyone in
         | first world countries was able to (and had to) walk to the
         | grocery store to buy their groceries. It seems like that would
         | promote useful exercise while self regulating consumption.
        
           | knowitnone wrote:
           | I walk to the grocery store all the time. This was part of my
           | weight loss strategy and I chose to walk to a farther grocery
           | store. And yes, I did attain my weight loss goals.
        
         | fasteddie31003 wrote:
         | The two are not mutually exclusive.
        
         | ajkjk wrote:
         | As compelling as the theory that "unhealthy behavior" is root
         | cause of the obesity epidemics, at this point it seems to me
         | that the weight of evidence suggests an actual physical
         | disruption. It's not supposed to be _this hard_ for (some)
         | people to maintain their weight; something is actually not
         | working right.
         | 
         | https://slatestarcodex.com/2017/04/25/book-review-the-hungry...
         | might be interesting in the same direction.
        
         | pkulak wrote:
         | I run three miles a day, never drive anywhere (bike or bus),
         | eat reasonably healthy, and I'm still 20 pounds overweight. And
         | what really scares me is that running is the only exercise I
         | enjoy and if my weight fluctuates up just 5 pounds or so, I
         | start getting hip/knee/foot etc pain. If I gain 10 pounds
         | through some lapse in morality, I won't be able to run anymore
         | and I'm cooked. If that happens, I'm banging down my doctor's
         | door for a pill.
        
           | intothemild wrote:
           | So I'm a distance runner, who is on these drugs.. and yeah,
           | It sucks, I LOVE running.. but running heavy SUCKS. Most
           | people run to lose weight, I lose weight to run.
        
             | karmajunkie wrote:
             | honest to god i wish i knew what it was like to be like you
             | --i have always hated every step of a run, and im halfway
             | convinced the notion of a runners high is a convenient
             | fiction cooked up by nike.
        
               | Schiendelman wrote:
               | There are a few things that happen here, but the most
               | common one is not having someone helping you with form,
               | and running much too fast. If you talk to a physical
               | therapist and run with a distance runner and have them
               | help you keep your heart rate in zone 2, you will
               | probably feel much better.
        
               | __turbobrew__ wrote:
               | Second the other commenter. Measure your heart rate and
               | stay within a lower zone.
               | 
               | Most likely this means you will be walk-running at the
               | beginning or even just walking up a steep hill. Running
               | is an activity of many small incremental gains. Every
               | week you can go a little tiny bit further but if you
               | amortize that over a year it makes a big difference.
               | 
               | Many go into running too fast and hard which leads them
               | into not liking it because they feel absolutely miserable
               | the entire time or they injure themselves due to bad
               | form.
               | 
               | I had a good physical therapist which took me from
               | nothing and for the first few months I wasn't even
               | running but doing foot and ankle strengthening because
               | that part of my kinetic chain was so weak.
        
               | occz wrote:
               | This took me a long time to figure out: it's ok to not
               | like running. There are other forms of physical activity
               | that may appeal more to you, which you can do in place of
               | running. I'm personally into biking, which gets me more
               | than enough exercise.
        
           | artursapek wrote:
           | It's probably seed oils tbqh
        
           | zahlman wrote:
           | >I run three miles a day
           | 
           | Which will burn somewhere on the order of 400 excess calories
           | - about as much as a typical North American muffin (or two of
           | the big cookies from Subway). But worse, your body was
           | probably going to use most of those calories on something
           | else (fidgeting, running a higher body temperature, other
           | immune responses including inflammation) anyway, assuming
           | that you haven't been gaining weight with your current
           | habits. Exercise is healthy and reduces stress, but it just
           | isn't effective for weight control. Humans are animals, and
           | animals have on the order of a billion years of homeostasis
           | technology behind them.
           | 
           | >eat reasonably healthy
           | 
           | Hardly anyone has any accurate picture of how much they
           | consume, as measured in calories, except for those with
           | actual explicit experience of measuring and accounting it.
           | 
           | If a pill happens to end up helping you eat an amount that
           | lets you maintain a healthy weight, I'm all for that. But
           | it's important to have your mental model properly calibrated.
        
         | dmead wrote:
         | You'd prefer that. Great. Meanwhile we live in this reality.
        
         | hiAndrewQuinn wrote:
         | But you already live in a system that promotes that, quite
         | heavily. Healthy food and active behavior make you more
         | physically attractive, which is in turn linked to better life
         | outcomes along almost every metric you can care to think of.
         | 
         | There is, in fact, already an enormous, fully endogenous
         | incentive to do those things. The fact many people are not
         | keeping in shape (myself included) suggests the allure of food
         | really is just that appealing.
        
           | biztos wrote:
           | I'm a standard-issue stress eater. I also like to work out.
           | 
           | When I'm really feeling the stress, even though I will tell
           | myself _at that time_ to just hang on and hit the gym later,
           | the food is that much more of an instant fix that it wins out
           | more often than not.
           | 
           | I'm sure that's not just the actual food itself, but also the
           | easy availability of it, and probably subliminal cultural
           | factors such as advertising. But partly, yeah, it's that my
           | ancestors evolved to love eating when they had food, and
           | their gift to me is that same desire in a world of endless
           | plenty.
        
           | t-writescode wrote:
           | > But you already live in a system that promotes that
           | 
           | Correction. We live in a system that *rewards* that. The
           | infrastructure and system itself expects us to drive
           | everywhere (because it's either faster or literally at all
           | possible), eat overprocessed food (because it's tastier
           | (literally designed to be hyper-palpable) and faster), and to
           | work for absurd hours.
           | 
           | If you somehow have spoons after all that, then you're
           | expected to workout, etc, to gain the additional benefits;
           | but the systems in play do not facilitate that, at all.
        
             | hiAndrewQuinn wrote:
             | I see no difference between "promotes" and "rewards" here.
             | If it's a difference of intent, I'll point to everyone in
             | this thread consciously "promoting" a lifestyle of fewer
             | working hours, cleaner food, and less driving as a much
             | more salient viewpoint than the opposite. And if the
             | difference is because of "the system", well, you're going
             | to have to differentiate between the system of living in
             | human society and ... some subset of that system, I guess.
             | Some subset
             | 
             | Luckily there's a precise term from economics we can use
             | here to split the difference: Opportunity cost. I can
             | certainly concede that in some people's lives the
             | _opportunity cost_ to working out is higher. In some lives
             | you make a lot more money per hour worked than you do
             | working out, and so it 's not a surprise more people on the
             | margin in those situations choose the former over the
             | latter. If you dislike even having that option on the
             | table, the good news is you can move to someplace where you
             | make less money, and then that opportunity cost will go
             | down, because working out is pretty much the same wherever
             | you go.
             | 
             | One more sophisticated take of course is to claim people
             | don't really know what's good for them, and they discount
             | the true value of working out far too heavily. (s/working
             | out/eating less/g, or whatever other health promoting
             | difficult activity you wish to sub in here.) But, if we're
             | going to claim that -- which is actually pretty reasonable
             | -- then why would we consider a miracle drug that seems to
             | directly counteract that irrational discounting a bad
             | thing? That should be a godsend.
        
       | blackqueeriroh wrote:
       | Uhhhhh, Ozempic has so many problems and side effects that get
       | glossed over.
        
       | godshatter wrote:
       | Can you keep the weight off once you stop using it? I don't
       | particularly want to have my personal health be in the hands of
       | one company especially if the culture stratifies into those who
       | can afford to be the right weight and those that can't.
       | Especially when it enters it's "enshittification" stage.
        
         | petesergeant wrote:
         | It's hard to keep weight off once you stop using it, but I've
         | not seen anything to suggest it's harder to keep it off if you
         | lost using GLP-1 than if you lost the weight the normal way.
         | Most fat people I know have lost weight successfully more than
         | once "the hard way" and then regained it.
        
       | olddog2 wrote:
       | I'm pretty sure all the Shortages of Ozempic and mounjaro are due
       | to injector mechanism production factors and the fact that when
       | the drug is transported in a reconstituted fashion in the
       | injector, it needs to be kept in cold chain storage the whole way
       | which makes logistics much much harder
       | 
       | My friends and I all live outside of the USA and we can get
       | basically unlimited ampoules of powdered Mounjaro from China. It
       | is very simple to reconstitute with Sterile water in a no touch
       | way and works great. We have all had significant weight loss and
       | improvement in blood pressure and glucose levels etc.
       | 
       | Waiting for these companies to get their act together, especially
       | when mounjaro is a copycat drug is not acceptable. these drugs
       | are biochemically very simple peptides with a couple of cross
       | linkages and very easy to make in high quantities so there is no
       | excuse for everyone who needs them to not be on them. a large
       | portion of the world not having access to these drugs for the
       | patent period and continuing to suffer all the effect of obesity
       | is not morally acceptable.
        
         | cubefox wrote:
         | Arguably it is morally acceptable for them to charge high
         | prices because drug development and doing phase 1/2/3 trials is
         | very expensive. It's also risky, as most drugs fail. If
         | companies aren't allowed to make a big profit when they finally
         | struck gold means to remove the incentive of trying to develop
         | ambitious new drugs.
        
       | m3kw9 wrote:
       | I think there will be a time when engineered chemicals will beat
       | natural food, but right now this isn't it. I'm talking about
       | longetivity tech in the far/ or near future
        
       | subroutine wrote:
       | It will be interesting to see how health insurance companies deal
       | with Ozempic. A few days ago a top article on HN posed the
       | question: Millions of Americans could benefit from drugs like
       | Ozempic; will they bankrupt the healthcare system?
       | 
       | Of course there are many health benefits to losing weight. Given
       | there are clear, healthy, non-drug assisted ways to lose weight,
       | should drug-assisted weight loss be considered an 'elective'
       | procedure, so to speak (similar to liposuction). With so many
       | people qualifying for this drug, would it be fair to increase
       | insurance premiums for overweight individuals? (I say this as
       | someone who could lose a few lbs). Should healthy active folks
       | who keep their weight in-check naturally be required to foot some
       | of the insurance premium bill for those who use this drug to lose
       | weight? If someone rebounds multiple times after going off
       | Ozempic do we continue to collectively pay? Will we be required
       | to collectively pay for people to stay on Ozempic indefinitely to
       | maintain a healthy weight?
       | 
       | https://www.latimes.com/science/story/2024-05-29/will-ozempi...
        
         | calvinmorrison wrote:
         | The cost of someone being on Ozempic is going to be miles less
         | than treating fatties for all the related obesity problems.
        
           | crooked-v wrote:
           | Yeah, right now the cost of the drug itself is high, but as
           | that comes down and/or once the patents expire, it's a no
           | brainer for insurance companies to fund it, in the same way
           | that even the worst health insurance plans usually allow for
           | cheap office visits and free flu vaccinations.
        
             | subroutine wrote:
             | I agree if the cost becomes negligible or whenever it
             | becomes cost effective (I'm sure the insurance companies
             | will be tracking the data closely) - until then though?
        
           | subroutine wrote:
           | I'd have to see some data to be convinced. There is nothing
           | more problematic to health than aging. If we make all
           | "fatties" thin we'll eventually get a bunch of geriatric
           | cancer or dementia patients, or some other expensive age-
           | related health problem (e.g. what is the lifetime healthcare
           | cost-burden of obese people who live on average to 65 vs.
           | thin people who live on average to 85 - just making up
           | numbers here)
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | I agree. Fat people dropping dead in their 50s and 60s are
             | way cheaper than the folks who hang on into their 90s
             | getting steadily more infirm with chronic disease.
             | 
             | I still expect that the cost will reach a point where
             | insurance companies opt to 100% subsidize so everyone who
             | wants it will get it.
        
         | cthalupa wrote:
         | Another option: Move to a healthcare system that allows the
         | government to negotiate drug prices with pharmaceutical
         | companies so ozempic is no longer so expensive that it
         | bankrupts us.
         | 
         | The UK gets their semaglutide meds from Novo Nordisk for ~PS75
         | to ~PS175 depending on the dosage for a month supply. It starts
         | at ~$1k in the US. Tons of other countries with similar or
         | better negotiated pricing.
         | 
         | Instead of implementing a system that would allow our
         | government to have leverage to prevent this sort of thing from
         | happening to begin with, we sit around, wait for enough
         | everyday people to get screwed over by it to start raising a
         | ruckus, and then some federal agencies fine you a infinitesimal
         | amount compared to the profits you made, your CEO goes and
         | testifies in front of Congress for a few minutes, and even on
         | the most positive outcome side, they then reduce the prices,
         | and basically never to the levels they negotiated with other
         | countries.
         | 
         | Meanwhile they keep the overwhelming amount of money they made
         | selling it to Americans at outrageous prices. And hell - that's
         | capitalism, baby! I can't say I have any expectation of a
         | company behaving any differently when this is a valid way to
         | operate.
         | 
         | So we gotta make it not a valid way to operate.
        
       | farceSpherule wrote:
       | A lot of people fail to realize that eating healthy and
       | exercising is not enough for a lot of people who fight with their
       | weight their entire lives.
       | 
       | Ozempic and Wegovy are game changes and have real, tangible
       | health benefits.
       | 
       | One person told me, "No matter how much I eat or exercise, I have
       | been 'hungry' my entire life. That ended when I started taking
       | these drugs."
        
         | Uehreka wrote:
         | I gained about 50 pounds the past decade and the past year I've
         | been trying to lose it.
         | 
         | I weighed myself at the beginning: 205 lbs
         | 
         | I started running 30 minutes per day (heartrate training
         | targeting about 140-150), every day, for 10 months. I kept my
         | diet the same as before (though with a protein bar after the
         | run). Weighed myself every week or two, always within a couple
         | pounds of 205.
         | 
         | In March I ramped up my runs to 45 minutes per day with better
         | interval planning. Still 205. I injured my ankle in May: 205.
         | I've been busy and haven't gotten back into running yet, just
         | weighed myself, and after months of no activity: 205
         | 
         | Weight loss is hard. It is possible to put in a pretty
         | strenuous amount of effort and willpower and see exactly zero
         | results.
        
           | sph wrote:
           | What do you eat? I bet $10 either it's calorie-counted
           | standard high carb diet or something that is low in protein
           | and fats.
           | 
           | The physiology of dieting, and avoiding hunger, is pretty
           | well understood at this point. Just don't ask your GP or
           | they'll just tell you to stop eating red meat and eat more
           | cereals as the "solution".
        
             | pixl97 wrote:
             | Eh, in a clinical setting only eating "good food" works
             | fine.
             | 
             | In the real world this is not what people experience.
             | Especially those that experience mental food noise.
             | 
             | Imagine there is a donut in a box at work. It's free, you
             | can have it at any point. It's junk food, it's bad for you,
             | it's not part of your diet and you don't want it. I mean
             | you ate a high fiber food and protein earlier, you
             | shouldn't be hungry at all. Now imagine there's an
             | additional voice in your head that just slips in "Ok,
             | finish that page your on and go pick up that donut". How
             | long can you resist it? You probably won't even notice it
             | since it's the normal stream of thought you have. At some
             | point you'll end up with that donut in your hand.
             | 
             | Now take a GLP-1. The voice gets silenced. If you smoke or
             | drink you'll notice that you don't really want to do that
             | either.
        
             | esfandia wrote:
             | Not the OP but I have tried to reduce my sugar intake, I'm
             | walking more than before, and I still basically gain half a
             | pound every year. I'd lose some weight for a few days, and
             | gain it all back on the one day I'm a bad boy. It seems
             | like there's an internal dial that decides what my weight
             | is supposed to be, no matter how much I fight it. And the
             | dial adds half a pound every year. I guess the dial is my
             | metabolism as I age.
        
           | ninalanyon wrote:
           | You need to reduce your calorie intake. The exercise isn't
           | enough to have a significant impact.
        
           | DonnyV wrote:
           | There are a couple things missing from routine. That protein
           | bar is sabotaging your run. Those things are filled with
           | sugar. You need to do 2 things. Change what your eating and
           | do intermittent fasting to jump start your metabolism.
        
           | crooked-v wrote:
           | Just doing more exercise doesn't actually help much with
           | losing weight, as it turns out. The human body will optimize
           | around even intense exercise to reduce calorie burn to a
           | homeostatically stable level. The exercise will still make
           | you healthier (and have some marginal extra calorie burn from
           | e.g. extra muscle mass), but you'll only lose serious weight
           | if you also reduce what you eat.
           | 
           | There are a bunch of articles out there about it, but
           | Kurzgesagt has a decent pop-science summary:
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vSSkDos2hzo
        
           | cortesoft wrote:
           | Its a pretty well known fact that exercise alone (unless you
           | are doing extreme athlete training) is not going to change
           | your weight without a change in diet.
           | 
           | You can get healthier with exercise, but not smaller. That is
           | almost entirely based on diet.
           | 
           | Just think about it; your thirty minutes of running probably
           | burned between 300-500 calories. That one protein bar
           | probably has about 300 calories by itself.
        
             | r00fus wrote:
             | And that's where the GLP-1 meds come in. You get physically
             | sick from eating your current (oversized) meal size. You
             | don't have cravings. You can lose weight using GLP-1 even
             | if you don't exercise strenuously/daily. However you lost a
             | lot more if you have a regimen.
        
               | satellite2 wrote:
               | If his weight is stable then his meal size is probably in
               | the norm. That's the hard part of losing weight. Only a
               | small sustained calorie excess will make you gain weight
               | but you need a large sustain calorie deficit to lose it.
               | And your brain and body will fight as hell against this.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | > 300-500 calories
             | 
             | Put another way, up to a pound a week of weight loss,
             | changing _nothing_ about your diet.
        
               | cortesoft wrote:
               | Right, but the exercise made OP eat a protein bar, which
               | has about as many calories as you were burning in
               | exercise.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | The exercise _made_ OP eat a protein bar?
               | 
               | I feel like you just inadvertently explained why dieting
               | is not the answer.
        
               | ironman1478 wrote:
               | Speaking from experience, that assume that you are
               | currently maintaining your weight. I think a lot of
               | people are gaining weight slowly, so burning those
               | calories actually just keeps you at your existing weight,
               | not decreasing it.
               | 
               | It's also really hard to not overeat after working out,
               | especially if you do something like swimming, which makes
               | you just so hungry. The hunger reduction is I'd like to
               | try ozempic. I am active (I swim 3-4k yards hard 2-3
               | times a week and surf once a week + walking generally),
               | the hunger I have after swimming is so huge I just can't
               | not eat something huge, even though I drink a ton of
               | water and do all the other things people say to do to not
               | get hungry.
        
               | sensanaty wrote:
               | I've been a lifetime swimmer, so I can relate. There's a
               | reason a lot of swimmers and waterpolo players gain tons
               | of weight as soon as they stop training.
               | 
               | Usually if you can fight through the "hunger" it'll calm
               | down in its own after about an hour or so in my
               | experience.
        
           | momojo wrote:
           | Thanks for sharing. It must be discouraging to see no results
           | after pretty rigorously following the mantra of "just try
           | harder".
        
           | swat535 wrote:
           | Exercising won't work, weight loss happens in the kitchen..
           | You can do some moderate exercise of course but you should
           | count calories and eat less (don't forget to recalculate your
           | requirements as you lose weight!).
        
           | bobro wrote:
           | Running for 30 minutes is maybe 200-400 calories. If you
           | trigger your body to eat more because of that or you are more
           | lazy throughout the day because you're tired after running,
           | it's a wash. Exercise is not the route to weight loss. It's
           | like 80-90% diet.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | > It's like 80-90% diet.
             | 
             | And if you diet, you lose weight temporarily and trigger
             | your body to eat more because you're hungry. Your body
             | doesn't want there to be a route to weight loss, so it
             | blocks them pretty effectively.
        
               | r3d0c wrote:
               | what? this is entirely made up/false
               | 
               | a diet doesn't mean starving yourself, it means have
               | balanced nutrition that doesn't rely on fast carbs, if
               | you burn 2000cal a day for example you still eat 2000cal
               | but not in sugar/fast carbs but adequete protein, fats,
               | and high fiber/slow carbs; insulin resistance is the
               | biggest reason people will feel that hunger right at the
               | start but once your body starts gets used to the slower
               | carbs that don't constantly spike your insulin the
               | resistence goes down
               | 
               | a lot of time it seems like people absolutely don't track
               | what they eat or sort of tell lies to themselves (this
               | doesn't include people with illnesses that impacts their
               | metabolism)
               | 
               | once you start doing a medium amount of working out, just
               | going for 30min walks everyday, you will start to build
               | some lean muscle which will increase your base metabolism
               | and this is where the weight loss kicks in
        
           | sensanaty wrote:
           | Exercise by itself doesn't increase calorie burn all that
           | much, it just strengthens your body in other ways. It's still
           | very important, but to have a healthy weight you need to eat
           | healthy (for most people this just translates to eating less)
           | and diverse foods with good macro coverage.
           | 
           | You not changing your diet is the problem in this case, and
           | that protein bar has so much sugar that by itself it's
           | counteracting whatever effort the exercise had in the first
           | place.
           | 
           | Also in my experience most people who say this kinda stuff (I
           | train and eat healthy but can't lose weight!) actually don't
           | eat healthy _at all_ , because they simply don't know what
           | that actually looks like.
        
         | Sohcahtoa82 wrote:
         | > One person told me, "No matter how much I eat or exercise, I
         | have been 'hungry' my entire life. That ended when I started
         | taking these drugs."
         | 
         | I would change this to "No matter how much I eat, I have been
         | hungry my entire life", because that's what my experience is.
         | 
         | I'm nearly always hungry. Doesn't matter what I eat or how much
         | of it. High protein, high fiber, moderate fat, low carb, all
         | the steps people say cures hunger, and I'm still hungry. 20 oz
         | steak and a massive portion of broccoli, and I'll still get
         | munchies an hour later. And before someone says "You're
         | probably actually thirsty, but making the common mistake of
         | thinking it's hunger", no, that's not it. I'm drinking plenty
         | of water. My urine is almost clear.
         | 
         | People say things like "If you're hungry between meals, just
         | eat a handful of nuts!", and I don't know if I want to laugh or
         | cry, because I'll eat a handful, then another, and another,
         | next thing I know, I've eaten _literally 1,000 calories_ and I
         | 'M STILL FUCKING HUNGRY.
         | 
         | And so I get _incredibly angry_ whenever someone says something
         | like  "omg these fatties have to take drugs because they don't
         | know how to stop eating" as if everyone has the same
         | experiences as them.
         | 
         | No, my hunger sensor is miscalibrated. Some of ya'll might go
         | out to lunch and end up eating a large meal and not end up
         | hungry for dinner and skip it. I'll go out to lunch, eat the
         | large meal, and end up hungry 2 hours later. If I get the
         | smaller meal, I'll leave the restaurant still being hungry.
         | 
         | I even tried keto. I did it for 9 months and went from 270 to
         | 205 lbs, but even after 9 months, my hunger was not
         | recalibrated. I was still hungry after every meal. After 9
         | months, I ran out of willpower. Gave into the hunger again.
         | Slowly came back to 245 lbs and stayed there.
         | 
         | I wish I could try Ozempic. Maybe it would fix me. But I'm not
         | diabetic, so my doc won't give it to me.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | Ozempic (or better, Zepbound) will solve that problem. I feel
           | just like you, have had a similar experience, and I'm taking
           | tirzepatide (Zepbound, basically) now.
           | 
           | Ignore the haters. Focus on what will make _you_ successful.
           | 
           | > my doc won't give it to me
           | 
           | Get another one. You can have more than one. Go to one biased
           | in favor of selling you the drug, if that is what works. It
           | is your health. Your doc is not your mom, he is your advisor,
           | it is _your_ body and _your_ choice what to take.
           | 
           | Compounded semaglutide is relatively inexpensive. And over
           | time the brand name stuff will start to come down because
           | they are being undercut by the compounds. Zepbound, for
           | example, is now available direct to consumer for $550/month
           | (5mg, and not an autopen so you can easily split the dose to
           | make it last longer if that still works for you). Still
           | pretty expensive, but for a life changing drug it is worth
           | it. I also expect the price will continue to drop, probably
           | quite a lot in the upcoming years.
        
           | mft_ wrote:
           | > I wish I could try Ozempic. Maybe it would fix me. But I'm
           | not diabetic, so my doc won't give it to me.
           | 
           | Wegovy (which is the same drug, with a different name) is
           | licensed for weight loss, if you fulfill certain criteria:
           | 
           |  _adult patients with an initial body mass index (BMI) of 30
           | kg /m2 or greater (obesity) or 27 kg/m2 or greater
           | (overweight) in the presence of at least one weight-related
           | comorbid condition (e.g., hypertension, type 2 diabetes
           | mellitus, or dyslipidemia)_ [0]
           | 
           | [0] https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2023
           | /21...
        
         | dennis_jeeves2 wrote:
         | >eating healthy and exercising is not enough for a lot
         | 
         | That's because both these interventions when followed in the
         | way they are commonly understood are near completely incorrect.
         | I blame the govt/medical profession for this.
         | 
         | Other factors: again I blame govt/medical profession for this -
         | example it's difficult to get unprocessed food unless one reads
         | labels carefully. For example it is near impossible to get milk
         | that is not fortified with vitamin D. As they say: the road to
         | hell is paved with good intent.
         | 
         | Granted that even after doing everything right there will be
         | some people who will be obese, but that would be the minority.
         | Again the govt/medical profession is to blame - for example
         | I've heard that infants/kids are now given around 30 vaccines.
         | With so many variables that have changed in the environment it
         | now becomes difficult to isolate what is causing the health
         | issues that predispose people to a lifetime of ill health
        
           | incognito124 wrote:
           | Wait, what is wrong with Vitamin D?
        
             | dennis_jeeves2 wrote:
             | Vitamin D produces short-term results, in the long run it
             | is harmful.
             | 
             | I cannot find a good article on it at the moment but dig
             | around and you should be able to find it. And yes I know
             | people rave about vitamin D.
        
               | Etheryte wrote:
               | It doesn't exactly bode well for your argument when
               | there's a wide body of evidence disagreeing with what
               | you're saying, and you also cannot find the source of
               | your claim.
        
               | cthalupa wrote:
               | There is some evidence to suggest that vitamin d
               | supplementation can result in increased calcification of
               | arteries:
               | 
               | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26995293/
               | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5986531/
               | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23109644/
               | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21406296/
               | 
               | It's far from conclusive, but there is a mechanism of
               | action that makes some sense, so it wouldn't be out of
               | left field if it were the case.
               | 
               | There's also some evidence that vitamin k can be used to
               | help balance out the risk:
               | 
               | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19386744/ (More animal
               | studies on K, too, but god knows how well those will
               | translate to humans)
               | 
               | In general it's all in the "Potentially a thing, more
               | research needed before we start a mass panic" bucket. I
               | personally wouldn't go buy a bucket of "ULTRASUPPLEMENT
               | 10000 IU VITAMIN D HORSE PILLS," though.
        
         | rasz wrote:
         | It is enough, but there are people who dont have metal
         | fortitude to eat healthy and just the right amount.
        
       | andrewla wrote:
       | I think Ozempic is a treatment of a symptom but not the
       | underlying condition, but unlike many of the posters here, I do
       | not think the underlying condition is "obesity". The below is
       | mostly speculation.
       | 
       | Research especially into people with healthy body weight seems to
       | indicate that there is something going on that is causing
       | widespread obesity. That is, there's some sort of environmental
       | "GLP-1 Turbocharger".
       | 
       | Maybe it relates to processed food, maybe it relates to
       | microplastic contamination, maybe it's in the cheese, maybe it's
       | an innocuous viral agent, maybe it's gut biome, maybe it's ADHD
       | drugs, maybe it's SSRIs.
       | 
       | I suspect that Ozempic is helping us get back to a baseline level
       | of exposure by counteracting this. And in the future if we're
       | lucky we'll figure out what it is and try to correct it at the
       | source.
        
         | jncfhnb wrote:
         | You think ozempic is counteracting this mystery force and it is
         | mere unrelated coincidence that it results in eating
         | substantially less?
        
           | andrewla wrote:
           | Yes?
           | 
           | A lizard whose bite makes its prey eat less is crazy but it
           | exists.
           | 
           | A lizard whose bite makes its prey eat more is also crazy,
           | but maybe it exists?
           | 
           | The first lizard is literal, the second lizard is a stand-in
           | for whatever mystery force I am postulating the existence of.
           | 
           | When you look at the historic literature on diet and
           | nutrition from the first half of the century it's like
           | looking into another universe. People are obsessed with
           | getting people to eat more to prevent malnutrition even when
           | food is freely available. Something changed.
        
             | squidgedcricket wrote:
             | The food changed substantially. Lot's of other stuff
             | changed too, but we're talking about the transition from
             | malnutrition to obesity over a few generations and the make
             | up of what we ingest strongly impacts that.
             | 
             | Mass production and consumerism of food created perverse
             | incentives that resulted in drastic changes to diets -
             | different macronutrient profiles, new ingredients
             | (emulsifiers, artificial sweeteners), and new manufacturing
             | byproducts (residual solvents, pfas, plastic). You can
             | still opt-out of mass produced food and move to the bush to
             | live a subsistence life, and you'll still be ingesting
             | plastic and pfas.
             | 
             | Part of the reason this is so hard to grapple with is that
             | (in the USA) almost no one alive was an adult before the
             | food industry industrialized. I'm 40 and my parents and
             | grandparents rode the initial waves of processed garbage.
        
             | jncfhnb wrote:
             | I feel it's still not clear if you understand that ozempic
             | causes weight loss because it causes reduced eating or if
             | you believe ozempic causing less eating is incidental to
             | the weight loss
        
         | supportengineer wrote:
         | We all know the problem: processed food and lack of exercise.
         | 
         | We all know the solution: Organic vegetables, lean protein, and
         | lots of exercise.
        
           | ninalanyon wrote:
           | Just reducing the vast intake of refined sugar in the US
           | would help a lot.
        
           | andrewla wrote:
           | Maybe? I don't think we all know this. And some research,
           | especially into people with unusual metabolism (but not
           | necessarily known metabolic disorders) indicates that even
           | with these restrictions, they need to operate at a
           | significant calorie deficit simply to maintain a healthy
           | weight. [1]
           | 
           | It might be that they are already exposed to enough processed
           | food and pesticides that simply getting those things out of
           | their diet is not sufficient, but I think it's clear that
           | there's more going on here than a simple answer.
           | 
           | And, I think, most damningly, there are many people who
           | maintain a healthy weight with no active efforts to maintain
           | that weight, including a lack of exercise and consumption of
           | processed food. It might be that a significant fraction of
           | people are resistant to this effect or might just not enjoy
           | the taste of processed food so naturally gain the benefits of
           | avoidance.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4989512/
        
           | crazygringo wrote:
           | We really _don 't_ all know these.
           | 
           | There isn't anything even remotely close to a scientific
           | consensus on any of those.
           | 
           | There are plenty of scientists who tell you to _stop_
           | exercising when you want to lose weight, because the exercise
           | leads you to eat more than you would otherwise, and is
           | ultimately self-defeating -- to focus entirely on eating
           | less, and then only add exercise back in once you 've reached
           | you target weight. And "processed food" is a highly non-
           | scientific category that is way, way too disparate to be
           | useful at all.
           | 
           | Organic vegetables might be nice, but there's _zero_ evidence
           | that organic vegetables are better at weight loss than non-
           | organic. Also zero evidence regarding lean protein as opposed
           | to fatty -- there 's a big argument that fatty meat is better
           | for weight loss, because the fat satiates so you wind up
           | eating less calories overall.
        
             | bool3max wrote:
             | Yes a scientific consensus for these things _would_ be
             | nice, but in a world where manufacturers of such poisonous
             | garbage control so much of the "science" and research
             | space, can you ever really hope for an honest and realistic
             | one? No.
        
           | Ferret7446 wrote:
           | Processed food isn't the problem. Processed food is the
           | bullet, so to speak.
           | 
           | The person holding the gun is mental issues. Mental issues
           | cause people to eat unhealthily.
        
         | kfinley wrote:
         | I couldn't agree more.
         | 
         | Out of curiosity, last year, I purchased some test strips to
         | test my drinking water. The strips showed typical contaminates:
         | arsenic, lead, copper etc. they all registered in the
         | "acceptable range". In the test, there was a test strip for
         | QUATs
         | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaternary_ammonium_cation),
         | which caught my attention. It wasn't something that I would
         | have thought to test for, but my water tested positive. I was
         | curious, so I started testing other local water sources
         | including bottled water from various brands; to my surprise
         | they all tested positive for QUATs. The only local water I
         | could find that didn't contain QUATs was distilled.
         | 
         | I thought maybe it was just in my area, so I started taking the
         | test strips with me when I traveled. In the last year, I've
         | tested the drinking water in multiple states and countries, and
         | only one source has tested negative for QUATs. It was the water
         | from a drinking fountain in the San Francisco Airport,
         | interesting enough.
         | 
         | My suspicion is that QUATs are often flushed down the drain,
         | and the molecules must be too small to be filtered out in the
         | water treatment process.
         | 
         | I haven't found much research on the impact of QUATs on the
         | human body, but I can help but think our mitochondria would be
         | susceptible to damage.
        
         | avelis wrote:
         | I could suppose it's some of all of this. But my money is on
         | UPF. The author of Ultra Processed People has an identical twin
         | in NJ while he lives in the UK and their weights are vastly
         | different.
        
         | __turbobrew__ wrote:
         | My bet is pollutants in the water. The further up the
         | waterstream (and higher elevation) the thinner on average
         | people get.
        
         | grecy wrote:
         | You are doing an awful lot of mental gymnastics in search of a
         | boogeyman that does not exist.
         | 
         | How mammals ingest, process, store and burn energy has been
         | well understood for a very long time.
         | 
         | You know why some domestic dogs and cats are overweight? Is it
         | ADHD or microplastics? Of course not, it's because they've been
         | eating more energy thaN they have been burning for a while.
         | 
         | Ozempic only stops you wanting to eat more, which perfectly
         | proves the point. The boogeyman you are searching for is eating
         | more energy than you burn.
        
           | cubefox wrote:
           | Obviously he suspects environmental contaminants mess up
           | hormons such that we get more hungry than we are supposed to.
        
       | bozhark wrote:
       | Why would you ever take a pill for weight loss?
       | 
       | That's seems entirely fucked up
        
         | Maxatar wrote:
         | What is inherently wrong with taking a pill for weight loss?
         | 
         | I can understand being cautious about side-effects or efficacy,
         | but if a pill existed that resulted in weight loss and was
         | side-effect free, I can't imagine what would be inherently
         | wrong about taking it.
         | 
         | Would it be preferable if it were a powder, or a cream? Is it
         | the specific delivery format that has you concerned?
        
       | yapyap wrote:
       | gonna be a good while
        
       | robohydrate wrote:
       | I've been on tirzepatide (Mounjaro) for 4 months now. I'm down
       | 13% of my body weight. I realized that frequent cannabis
       | consumption interferes with the weight loss, so I've kicked the
       | habit from daily to occasionally on weekends. I've started
       | walking 2-3 miles a day, 2-3 days a week regularly, in addition
       | to eating less and being more motivated to calorie count.
       | 
       | All this to say, this drug has been life changing for me. I spend
       | more time doing things I want to do, depression and anxiety have
       | less of a hold on me now. I feel that this drug has allowed me to
       | be the best version of myself I have been in a long time. The
       | only side effects so far have been positive. I do worry about
       | what I will do once it's time to titrate off the weekly dose and
       | the best I can think of is that the habits I'm forming in the
       | time on the drug I will have the resolve to continue after
       | cessation.
       | 
       | I say this because I have battled depression, anxiety and obesity
       | issues my entire life. I've had many failed attempts at getting
       | back to a healthy, productive and non-obese lifestyle. I don't
       | know what is so different about having the drug help me, but I
       | can tell you that it has been different.
        
         | yieldcrv wrote:
         | Sounds like a kickstart you needed!
         | 
         | Aside from the disruption in cravings, the immediate results
         | seem to have motivated you to do more.
        
           | robohydrate wrote:
           | You can't imagine how empowering it is to be able to say
           | "No." to food. I stopped eating dessert except once a week. I
           | can be in the company of other people and surrounded by
           | delicious food and not feel the compulsion to eat until I am
           | nauseous.
        
             | yieldcrv wrote:
             | This is interesting as this is my default, and I am pretty
             | lean. I often have to remember to eat or check if I did,
             | and lament that its a chore. I enjoy food and the dining
             | experience, but I would be fine with that being an
             | entertainment option once a week too.
             | 
             | I wonder if there is enough research on how gut bacteria
             | influences these things, because if this is what people
             | want maybe I could sell mine.
        
               | CBarkleyU wrote:
               | This is something that I like to ask friends and
               | acquaintances: Would you rather take a pill that gives
               | you perfect nutrition and nullifies your hunger feeling
               | or a pill that the gives you perfect nutrition and
               | nullifies any other calories you eat.
               | 
               | It's pretty much 50/50. Which is weird, as you'd think
               | that eating is only a pleasure when hungry and I'm
               | proposing them a way to get rid of hunger. Even weirder
               | is that I personally would take the second pill and enjoy
               | my gluttonous lifestyle.
               | 
               | Regarding this thread: I personally decided for myself
               | that if I can be stubborn towards my wife, friends and
               | mom (and I am a stubborn SOB) I sure as hell can be
               | stubborn towards my own bodily desires. I removed all
               | meals except once per day and pretty much all desserts.
               | Fuck what my body thinks it desires, if it needs it that
               | much it can go fix a meal while I sleep.
        
               | card_zero wrote:
               | That's some philosophical weirdness right there. I guess
               | we're kind of _into_ the biological aspects of the human
               | condition and don 't want to part with them, because
               | they're like a fun, mildly disgusting game. There'd have
               | to be some other entertaining lifestyle that you gain in
               | exchange, and you'd have to be sure you could dig it
               | before you'd agree to the switch.
        
               | vinkelhake wrote:
               | I want both... Some days, in particular when working hard
               | or focusing on something, food is just fuel and not
               | something I want to spend time on. I'd definitely take
               | that first pill for those days.
               | 
               | But I also really like cooking. If I have the time I
               | don't mind spending hours in the kitchen to prepare
               | something. I don't really need that second pill _yet_ ,
               | but sometimes you just want to pig out...
        
               | card_zero wrote:
               | I saw a documentary once about people who effortlessly
               | remain at a healthy weight, and their activities were
               | tracked for a couple of weeks, revealing;
               | 
               | * Unexpected bursts of random activity like dancing for a
               | few minutes or moving heavy furniture, that these people
               | didn't even notice, while still doing no deliberate
               | exercise,
               | 
               | * Binging like suddenly eating a whole pizza, but then
               | eating next to nothing the next day because "too busy",
               | without putting thought into it. This would be bad for
               | you on the scale of months, but fine over one week.
               | 
               | So, of course, they made up for all the calories they
               | seemed to be taking in. There's an implication that this
               | is instinctual, or just fortunate habits. In my case, I
               | also burn energy arguing, puzzling, and worrying, and I
               | naturally radiate more heat than most, and although I'll
               | happily _try_ to eat a whole tiramisu by myself I seem to
               | have a small stomach and don 't attempt it often anyway.
               | So although I think of myself as lazy and gluttonous, I
               | guess I'm just fortuitously, circumstantially not.
               | Imprison me in a restaurant, I'd probably get fat.
               | 
               | Edit: right now I'm idly eating chocolate while I type.
               | But I have no other food in the house, except three
               | bananas. That's because I didn't organize it, because I'm
               | lazy, but what "lazy" really means is a complex
               | subconscious strategy, I think.
        
         | vessenes wrote:
         | Tirzepatide and Semaglutide are both known to reduce addiction
         | / substance ingestion. I noticed I was just less interested in
         | Alcohol when I started on Wegovy, and didn't realize it's a
         | common effect until much later. I retained most of my
         | disinterest after going off, too, FWIW.
        
           | dyauspitr wrote:
           | Sounds like a miracle drug that helps with all afflictions
           | that come with our modern life/sedentary living.
        
             | rafaelmn wrote:
             | I'd say it's the opposite - if you don't exercise you end
             | up skinny fat which is metabolically unhealthy as well. It
             | helps with super accessible dopamine hits I guess - which
             | is awesome - but need to combine it with exercise for
             | maximum benefit.
             | 
             | I wouldn't be surprised if they come up with a drug for
             | that that's more sideffect free than testosterone/
             | derivatives. Lean and ripped cocktail
        
               | jjeaff wrote:
               | Skinny fat is not nearly as metabolically unhealthy as
               | fat fat.
        
               | rafaelmn wrote:
               | No argument here - just saying it's still not the
               | endgame. Lean/ripped combo - now that's something I'd
               | subscribe to/inject for regularly.
        
               | queuebert wrote:
               | Fat fat can better survive the coming post-AGI
               | apocalyptic famines.
        
               | wwweston wrote:
               | Turns out it can also be useful during a personal
               | apocalypse: having recently lost about 35lbs from
               | emergency chest-cracking surgery, ended up pretty glad I
               | wasn't at my leanest going into it (sadly, more of the
               | weight lost was probably muscle wasting/deconditioning
               | than fat stores, but on balance it was probably good I
               | had at least 15lbs of fat stores to burn).
        
               | azinman2 wrote:
               | It's actually worse in terms of metabolic disease,
               | surprisingly.
               | 
               | https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/metabolic-
               | syn....
        
               | vessenes wrote:
               | This is true, but I'd qualify it. I'm MUCH more active
               | than when I started, just naturally, and my heart health
               | / true age stats (for what they're worth) are twenty
               | years lower than when I started. I lost a lot of muscle,
               | but as a percentage, my body fat is nearly half what it
               | was when I started. 10/10 would do again.
               | 
               | Recomping is a huge struggle, you just can't eat enough
               | to add muscle bulk. Cycling on and off is tough because
               | if you don't taper off it, your body is like "thanks for
               | ending that long term caloric deficit, have you heard of
               | cake?". So you definitely need to approach the muscle
               | mass question seriously, but in no world was I healthier
               | back when I had an extra 10 to 20lbs of muscle, and the
               | rest in fat.
        
               | vladgur wrote:
               | Would you mind sharing before and after lean/fat
               | percentages and or numbers? I am really curious if there
               | is a way to optimize bulkng prior to getting on these
               | drugs with a goal of retaining muscle mass(important as
               | we age)
        
               | vessenes wrote:
               | Prefer not -- sorry! I'm here on my real name. If you
               | want my advice, lose the weight then worry about it. A
               | good amount of research indicates you tend to gain muscle
               | mass in the fat/muscle percentage you start with;
               | regardless if you are seriously in need of weight loss,
               | the benefits of doing that far outweigh the (temporary?)
               | downsides of losing some muscle mass for most people I
               | bet.
        
               | vladgur wrote:
               | Totally understood. I do hear amazing results from people
               | whose BMI is 35 or above.
               | 
               | I wonder how well it works for people with Normal to
               | Overweight BMI of about 25 to 35
        
               | vessenes wrote:
               | I went from BMI 38 to 24. It worked fastest in the mid
               | ranges.
        
               | throwup238 wrote:
               | Take a look at the protocol for the protein sparring
               | modified fast which is a form of short to medium term
               | fast that is designed to retain muscle mass by eating
               | tons of protein with a large caloric deficit (1k+
               | calories a day). You can easily convert it to a more
               | sustainable Ozempic diet by adding more fat/carbs to make
               | the lean protein more palatable.
               | 
               | Fair warning though, this isn't an easy diet if you're
               | not good at cooking and can't easily develop your own
               | recipes. Lots of lean chicken breast so techniques like
               | sous vide really help.
        
             | marcosdumay wrote:
             | Except for all the externally imposed ones.
             | 
             | But yes, there's a reason people are celebrating those
             | drugs.
        
             | Alupis wrote:
             | The problem with this (and all diet plans/drugs) is the
             | lifestyle that led to problem in the first place.
             | 
             | If you do not change your lifestyle, for real and not just
             | superficially, then you will relapse with a vengeance.
             | 
             | That is to say, be careful with using a drug as a crutch.
             | Sure, it can artificially make you much more interested in
             | not consuming so many calories and/or perhaps being more
             | active than before - but you have to continue that
             | lifestyle after stopping the drug.
             | 
             | Will Ozempic users have developed the personal discipline
             | to prevent themselves from relapse without the drug - or
             | will they forever be on a the yo-yo of weight gain/loss?
        
               | JamesBarney wrote:
               | >If you do not change your lifestyle, for real and not
               | just superficially, then you will relapse with a
               | vengeance.
               | 
               | Longterm glp-1 agonist research doesn't agree with this.
               | 
               | > but you have to continue that lifestyle after stopping
               | the drug.
               | 
               | Why stop the drug?
               | 
               | >Will Ozempic users have developed the personal
               | discipline to prevent themselves from relapse without the
               | drug - or will they forever be on a the yo-yo of weight
               | gain/loss?
               | 
               | A small % of people are able to achieve significant
               | weight loss with diet and exercise. And an even smaller %
               | of that group are able to maintain it for the long term.
               | We've been trying to solve obesity this way for a 50
               | years and have bubkis to show for it. If someone has high
               | cholesterol we give them a statin, if they have high
               | blood sugar we give them diabetes. Now if they're
               | overweight we give them ozempic.
        
               | Alupis wrote:
               | > Why stop the drug?
               | 
               | Why would you want to continue using a drug for the rest
               | of your life?
               | 
               | > Longterm glp-1 agonist research doesn't agree with
               | this.
               | 
               | Please explain. If you stop using the drug, because
               | you've achieved your goals, what stops you from relapsing
               | other than your own personal habits and lifestyle?
               | 
               | > A small % of people are able to achieve significant
               | weight loss with diet and exercise. And an even smaller %
               | of that group are able to maintain it for the long term.
               | We've been trying to solve obesity this way for a 50
               | years and have bubkis to show for it. If someone has high
               | cholesterol we give them a statin, if they have high
               | blood sugar we give them diabetes. Now if they're
               | overweight we give them ozempic.
               | 
               | Yes, a pill for this, a pill for that... and there's no
               | chance we'll discover these drugs have negative effects
               | when used by a person for 50 years.
        
               | JamesBarney wrote:
               | > Why would you want to continue using a drug for the
               | rest of your life?
               | 
               | It's better than being obese. This is true of most drugs
               | for chronic conditions. very few of them are curative,
               | almost all of them treat the condition.
               | 
               | > Longterm glp-1 agonist research doesn't agree with
               | this.
               | 
               | Sorry I wasn't clear, I meant with continued treatment
               | you don't rebound.
               | 
               | > Yes, a pill for this, a pill for that... and there's no
               | chance we'll discover these drugs have negative effects
               | when used by a person for 50 years.
               | 
               | They might have negative side effects but obesity has
               | very large negative side effects. I would be incredibly
               | surprised if any of these drugs that have been used in
               | diabetes treatment for a long time have anywhere close to
               | the negative side effects of obesity.
        
               | Alupis wrote:
               | Obesity is a choice for most people who are obese. Yes,
               | they lack the ability to discipline themselves into not
               | over eating, but that is still a choice.
               | 
               | This drug artificially makes them more likely to make a
               | healthier choice. That's great. But the person's goal
               | should be to develop those artificial choices into actual
               | choices, ie. change their lifestyle, then get off the
               | drug.
               | 
               | Setting this up from the start as a "forever" thing is
               | absolutely nuts.
        
               | catlikesshrimp wrote:
               | False. (All) People crave for food. Some people have
               | stronger craving than others. In healthy people you call
               | it "hunger". In obese people it is more like an
               | addiction. Do you know people can be addictes to sex and
               | to work, too?
               | 
               | If you insist on the choice argument, the only way an
               | addict can stop consuming is locking himself in a room
               | and throwing away the key. Other than that, much help is
               | needed, many changes are needed, and even chemicals are
               | needed.
               | 
               | "Choice" is victim blaming
        
               | JamesBarney wrote:
               | How much less likely do you think someone with high self
               | control is to not be obese?
               | 
               | 12%. Which shows that your intuitions about obesity and
               | the causes are probably wrong.
               | 
               | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3717171/
        
               | mort96 wrote:
               | Lacking the ability to do something is, typically, not a
               | choice.
        
               | rixed wrote:
               | > they lack the ability (...) but that is still a choice.
               | 
               | Typo?
        
               | PlattypusRex wrote:
               | Blaming victims and being ignorant is a choice, one you
               | made multiple times in this thread.
        
               | kortex wrote:
               | Hot take: "choice" is a myth when it comes to long-term
               | executive processing, one doesn't choose to be obese/not,
               | drug addicted/not, etc, the same way one chooses whether
               | they want chicken or beef ramen for lunch. It's an
               | unending grind of executive functioning against more
               | basal impulses, that is heavily influenced by the blend
               | of nature and nurture and life events.
        
               | tikhonj wrote:
               | > Why would you want to continue using a drug for the
               | rest of your life?
               | 
               | Because it is a substantial net benefit to your life?
               | 
               | Same reason I might want to continue with, say, a regular
               | exercise routine or meditation practice.
        
               | data_spy wrote:
               | The research says you gain the weight back:
               | 
               | "For the two in every five patients who discontinue the
               | treatments within a year, according to a 2024 JAMA study,
               | this means that they are likely to rebound to their
               | original weight with less muscle and a higher body fat
               | percentage." The other issue is the muscle loss on being
               | on these drugs as "Clinical data shows that 25 per cent
               | of weight loss from Eli Lilly's shot resulted from a
               | reduction in lean body mass, including muscle, while 40
               | per cent of Novo Nordisk's jab was due to a drop in lean
               | body mass." Via https://www.ft.com/content/094cbf1f-c5a8-
               | 4bb3-a43c-988bd8e2d...
        
               | JamesBarney wrote:
               | Sorry I meant with continued use of the treatment you
               | don't regain the weight. I agree if you stop taking the
               | medication your weight will rebound.
        
               | Alupis wrote:
               | Right, so we doom some portion of the population to
               | forever take a pill from big pharma? How is that
               | acceptable with anyone?
               | 
               | The goal should be to use Ozempic until you are in a
               | better place to manage things yourself. The goal should
               | not be to get people hooked on Ozempic for their entire
               | lives.
               | 
               | Perhaps Ozempic prescriptions should come with prescribed
               | exercise with check-in and monitoring, or something.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | > doom some portion of the population to forever take a
               | pill from big pharma
               | 
               | That is temporary. The effects are real. The fact that
               | you don't think big pharma should profit handsomely for
               | making it happen is not the only alternative. Before too
               | long semaglutide, as one example, will be out of patent
               | and available as a generic. It won't cost a thousand
               | bucks a month to big pharma, it'll be practically free.
               | Cheap enough that most insurance plans will likely
               | subsidize it all the way to zero out-of-pocket cost just
               | because the ROI is so good.
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | How my decisions will affect some company's bottom line
               | is way behind "will this help me live a better, longer
               | life" in my list of priorities, but I'm already on other
               | medications that are generic for the rest of my life for
               | other genetic defects I've been blessed with, though I'm
               | not on Ozempic.
        
               | JamesBarney wrote:
               | > Right, so we doom some portion of the population to
               | forever take a pill from big pharma? How is that
               | acceptable with anyone
               | 
               | This is literally how almost all medicine works that
               | treats a chronic condition.
               | 
               | > Perhaps Ozempic prescriptions should come with
               | prescribed exercise with check-in and monitoring, or
               | something.
               | 
               | Why?
        
               | BurningFrog wrote:
               | I guess young people don't always know this, but there
               | are plenty of medications a _lot_ of people take for the
               | rest of their lives. Blood pressure and cholesterol pills
               | are maybe the most common.
               | 
               | This gives a vast number of people 5-10 years longer
               | lives, and I think this is great thing, even if some
               | pharma executives end up getting rich.
        
               | Karrot_Kream wrote:
               | Not just young people. High blood pressure runs in our
               | family. A cousin, despite being healthy in most
               | indicators, developed high blood pressure at 23. She's
               | still going in her 50s just fine but has had to take
               | blood pressure meds for the last 27 years.
        
               | ido wrote:
               | Or insulin. I've been shortsighted since childhood and
               | will need to wear glasses for the rest of my life (unless
               | I get laser corrective surgery, I guess).
               | 
               | Many people in my wife's family have thyroid gland
               | dysfunction and have to take thyroid hormones their whole
               | lives.
        
               | Tagbert wrote:
               | I take a statin as something in my body produces high
               | levels of cholesterol even on a low fat diet. I will
               | always take a statin. It works well and there are few
               | side effects.
               | 
               | My spouse must take a thyroid medicine every day for
               | life.
               | 
               | Not taking these pills is life threatening. How is taking
               | them not acceptable?
        
               | lazyasciiart wrote:
               | Wait til you learn about hormonal birth control.
        
               | golol wrote:
               | Why not? What would you rather be: Fat to your death, or
               | healthy and dependent on modern technological society in
               | yet another way? How is it any different to diabetes
               | treatment?
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | Some regain, some don't. Some people have multiple heart
               | attacks.
               | 
               | It is really that simple.
        
               | lizardlena wrote:
               | > A small % of people are able to achieve significant
               | weight loss with diet and exercise. And an even smaller %
               | of that group are able to maintain it for the long term.
               | 
               | Ozempic is only fighting symptoms of that, not the root
               | of the problem which is the stigma around weightgain,
               | being a big person, just fatphobia being extremly
               | generalized and a lot of shame surrounding weight. While
               | it's amazing for people who have medical conditions
               | making them gain a lot of weight, just saying that they
               | should take ozempic will not change people gaining too
               | much weight. It's not anything like high cholesterol or
               | high blood sugar in most cases.
        
               | JamesBarney wrote:
               | Fighting the symptoms of what?
               | 
               | Taking ozempic will definitely keep people from gaining
               | weight and will help them lose weight.
        
               | Eisenstein wrote:
               | A few questions:
               | 
               | Can you qualify what you consider to be a 'symptom' vs a
               | 'condition'?
               | 
               | Is high cholesterol a symptom of something, or a
               | condition itself? What about high blood sugar?
               | 
               | Would you say that acid reflux is a symptom or a
               | condition?
               | 
               | Is a person that takes Prilosec daily to treat bad reflux
               | treating the symptoms and not the underlying condition?
               | 
               | What about people using asthma inhalers, or epipens:
               | symptom or condition?
               | 
               | Are people allowed to use the medicines if their
               | underlying conditions are not being treated?
        
               | fortran77 wrote:
               | > While it's amazing for people who have medical
               | conditions making them gain a lot of weight,
               | 
               | You mean matter is created out of thin air because of a
               | "medical condition" and not by eating too much food?
        
               | justinclift wrote:
               | > ... if they have high blood sugar we give them
               | diabetes.
               | 
               | That sounds like a hell of a treatment plan. o_O
        
               | bregma wrote:
               | It doesn't work. I keep trying to get off the diabetes
               | and I just relapse after a few weeks. It doesn't help
               | that my body tries to hide the glucose everywhere, like
               | attached to hemoglobin or in my liver in the form of
               | glycogen so it can share a hit with me first thing every
               | morning.
               | 
               | Nope, not going back to the doctor that gave me diabetes.
               | That was a mistake.
        
               | perching_aix wrote:
               | Sounds like it directly affects their lifestyle though?
               | Being less drawn to addictions, and thus less engaged in
               | related activities, is a pretty big lifestyle change.
        
               | Alupis wrote:
               | > Being less drawn to addictions, and thus less engaged
               | in related activities, is a pretty big lifestyle change
               | 
               | While on the drug. Will those changes remain if the user
               | stops using the drug?
        
               | Someone1234 wrote:
               | What is the core of your point? That these drugs, that
               | extend life, and reduce associated illnesses should be
               | ignored or not used, because instead people can die
               | sooner in some attempt to cure themselves the "correct"
               | way?
               | 
               | A corpse cannot learn healthy lifestyle habits. A living
               | person who lost weight the immoral way or whatever you're
               | trying to say, can of course.
        
               | Alupis wrote:
               | The point is you still need to develop a lifestyle that
               | is healthy. The drug isn't a miracle, it's a band aid. If
               | you do not change your lifestyle, and you discontinue
               | using this drug, you will relapse. This is the same issue
               | many people face when they diet as well, so it is nothing
               | new.
               | 
               | The point of my saying this is to point that out, because
               | a lot of people in this thread seem to think it is
               | totally ok to be on an Ozempic prescription for your
               | entire life. That's horrifying for so many reasons.
               | Others seem to think you take Ozempic until you're
               | "cured" then you just live happily ever after. That's
               | hardly going to be the case for many people who have
               | struggled with weight for their entire lives.
        
               | rixed wrote:
               | I think we hear you, we should all take more care about
               | bad lifestyle, everybody should exercise regularly and
               | eat healthy food. But to be fair nobody has promoted a
               | bad lifestyle, or said that, given there is this new drug
               | let's care even less.
               | 
               | At the contrary, given the testimonies it sounds like the
               | drug helps people to adopt better habits, no?
        
               | Alupis wrote:
               | > given the testimonies it sounds like the drug helps
               | people to adopt better habits, no?
               | 
               | No, it helps people live a better lifestyle so long as
               | they remain on this drug. The feeling/impulses are
               | artificially suppressed.
               | 
               | Maybe they come right back if you stop taking the drug.
               | One would hope you can take the drug until in a good
               | place to take over on your own. Time will see - a great
               | experiment is about to take place.
        
               | Wytwwww wrote:
               | > feeling/impulses are artificially suppressed.
               | 
               | A lot of people are less capable of controlling those
               | impulse on their own and are inherently more prone to
               | developing addictions than others due to genetic/etc.
               | reasons. Yes they can make different choices, change
               | their lifestyles, adopt certain routines etc. all which
               | would require a huge amount of effort just to get on part
               | with people who can achieve those things (relatively)
               | almost effortlessly.
               | 
               | Why should they be forced to suffer due to something they
               | have limited control over?
        
               | Wytwwww wrote:
               | > That's horrifying for so many reasons
               | 
               | Why? AFAIK Ozempic seems to work by "modifying" behaviour
               | and reducing the appeal of overeating and possibly
               | engaging in other addictive behaviours.
               | 
               | It's not some magic pill that you take and then don't
               | actually have to change anything about your lifestyles.
               | It seems similar to antidepressants, ADHD drugs etc. in
               | that way and a lot of people take those for extended
               | periods or even their entire lives.
               | 
               | Besides potential side-effects etc. what's to horrifying
               | about it?
        
               | BurningFrog wrote:
               | A lot of people take blood pressure, cholesterol, and
               | other medications daily for their entire lives.
               | 
               | If Ozempic ends up being another such drug, I don't think
               | that's a bad thing.
        
               | knifie_spoonie wrote:
               | I'm not so sure about that.
               | 
               | All the people I know who are on those for-life
               | medications absolutely hate the fact that they have to
               | keep taking those pills every day until they die.
        
               | eichin wrote:
               | eh, my inner "prepper" is annoyed by the dependency, the
               | rest of me is pleased that I've _already_ lived longer
               | than any of my male ancestors. (Kind of hard to sneer at
               | advanced technology given what I do for a living :-)
        
               | nasmorn wrote:
               | Ozempic will not be needed for preppers. With modern
               | society gone you will just be hungry a lot like nature
               | intended
        
               | perching_aix wrote:
               | They said that this specific effect was largely sustained
               | after stopping with the drug, so... -\\_(tsu)_/-
        
               | jacoblambda wrote:
               | It really depends. If you break the addiction and it
               | could very well remain.
               | 
               | An example is tobacco/nicotine. If you stop smoking while
               | you are on the drug and you break the addiction and the
               | habit, you aren't going to reform that habit unless you
               | start smoking again. And that's unlikely to occur because
               | you no longer have the habit, you no longer have the
               | chemical compulsion, and you aren't consuming any of it.
               | Maybe stress could force a relapse due to weakness of
               | mind but all things considered that's minor relative to
               | the chemical addiction and the habit forming behavior.
               | 
               | An example where you may see relapse is alcohol or
               | marijuana where the substance comes almost more from a
               | social environment than it does from the chemical draw.
               | Like once the habit is broken, it's still easy to be put
               | into situations where recreational use is common and more
               | or less expected on rare or semiregular occasions. That
               | of course could lead to new habits forming and leading to
               | relapse or it may not depending on what other (hopefully
               | healthy) habits the user is now taking part in, their
               | stress level, and other aspects of their life.
               | 
               | So the answer is of course that it depends but if the
               | drug can reliably help people break habits then it can
               | maybe also be useful in helping them avoid forming new
               | bad habits or relapsing when the urge becomes too strong
               | to resist.
        
               | Someone1234 wrote:
               | > Will Ozempic users have developed the personal
               | discipline to prevent themselves from relapse without the
               | drug - or will they forever be on a the yo-yo of weight
               | gain/loss?
               | 
               | Have alcoholics using Naltrexone? Or opioid addicts using
               | Methadone, or smokers using nicotine gum/patches?
               | 
               | See I'm bringing this up to point out the obvious double
               | standard, people suffering from food addiction (i.e.
               | literally the high from food) or binge-eating disorder,
               | who finally have an effective treatment, are treated like
               | it isn't addiction or illness, but a "lifestyle," but if
               | you said this stuff about any other addiction people
               | would call you out and be horrified.
               | 
               | For people mildy overweight or accidentally obese, it is
               | a wildly different illness for people with lifetime
               | problems who have lost/regained weight tens of times and
               | likely know more about nutrition than most healthy-weight
               | people ever will.
        
               | Alupis wrote:
               | This is bunk. An actual chemical addiction is not the
               | same as feeling an urge to drink 8 cans of coke a day, or
               | being unable to not buy a bag of chips at the gas
               | station.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Is it, though?
               | 
               | Your entire body and brain is a complex and messy
               | chemical reaction.
               | 
               | The opening sentence of the wikipedia article on
               | addiction currently reads: "Addiction is a
               | neuropsychological disorder characterized by a persistent
               | and intense urge to use a drug or engage in a behavior
               | that produces natural reward, despite substantial harm
               | and other negative consequences."
               | 
               | The page then lists "eating or food addiction" as
               | examples, with food addiction being its own entire page.
        
               | croes wrote:
               | That doesn't prove it's an addiction.
               | 
               | More likely it's listed as one so insurance company pay
               | for the drugs.
               | 
               | Addiction treatment gets payed, low self control not.
               | 
               | Half Bake- Thur good goes to rehab NSFW
               | 
               | https://youtu.be/uUPHlAbAf2I?si=TVVxffFprAtdJyAk
        
               | stirfish wrote:
               | People get addicted to gambling, and you don't put that
               | in your body at all.
        
               | spondylosaurus wrote:
               | This is the example I'm shocked more people don't invoke
               | in these discussions. Gambling addiction is indisputably
               | real, and slot machines (or craps tables or the ponies
               | down at the track) don't even have stick a needle in you
               | to get you hooked. Actions and reactions are more than
               | enough.
               | 
               | Compulsive overeating relies on the same
               | behavioral/reward mechanisms, with the added bonus of
               | food being something you _do_ physically ingest in the
               | process.
        
               | FabHK wrote:
               | Gambling addiction also has the highest suicide rate
               | among addictions, so definitely serious. The Atlantic had
               | an article recently arguing that allowing sport gambling
               | in the USA was a mistake, imposing huge costs on the most
               | vulnerable.
        
               | coffeebeqn wrote:
               | It's also popular in other forms these days.
               | Wallstreetbets options gambling, most of crypto, the way
               | many people are "trading" these is purely gambling with
               | some bro-astrology.
               | 
               | When I was a poor teenager I was gambling online and it
               | is an incredible way to lose money unlike anything. With
               | the click of a button you can throw $100 or $1000 into
               | the void- and you often follow it up until your account
               | is empty. Hard to do with many other substances.
        
               | mort96 wrote:
               | The fact that people have this idea that "obese == unable
               | to resist drinking 8 cans of coke per day" is honestly
               | part of the problem.
        
               | rixed wrote:
               | Maybe, but shame has never been a very good cure overall.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | Shaming people is fantastic at making _me_ feel self-
               | righteous, though, which is the best metric by which I
               | can evaluate treatments and interventions for other
               | people.
               | 
               | (When I feel charitable, I can instead wring my hands and
               | hemm and haww about the unknown consequences of people
               | using medication to solve their health problems. I can't
               | outline what exactly those consequences are, but I can
               | certainly hemm and haww.)
        
               | elzbardico wrote:
               | As much as we pretend otherwise and rationalize stuff
               | because the greatest sin for our generation is being
               | judgemental, I am pretty sure this is the case in a lot
               | of instances.
        
               | manacit wrote:
               | Gambling? Porn? Sex?
               | 
               | These are all things that we acknowledge are possible to
               | be addicted to to that are not substances. Not to mention
               | that coke has caffeine which is a chemical substance just
               | as much as anything.
               | 
               | You can pin addiction to anything as a personal weakness,
               | including drugs. Why are some people able to smoke a few
               | cigarettes or do a little bit of cocaine without ever
               | getting addicted, when others are hooked on day one?
               | 
               | If there's one thing that's been fun to see as the
               | outcome of GLP-1 drugs, it's that a lot of people seem to
               | have a real problem seeing people better themselves the
               | "easy way".
        
               | mathgeek wrote:
               | A good way to frame addiction is via perceived rewards.
               | You can be addicted to many things if you look at it as
               | "the person expects a reward for an activity, often
               | errantly". The worse addictions get into "the reward
               | isn't even expected with a moment's clarity, but you do
               | it anyway" territory.
        
               | tharkun__ wrote:
               | But you are addicted to a substance in those cases.
               | 
               | Sure, you don't take the substance directly. But the
               | things you do have your body produce/release the
               | substance.
               | 
               | A dopamine high is a dopamine high. Even though you
               | didn't buy a dopamine pill from a shady dude in the
               | parking lot.
        
               | naijaboiler wrote:
               | It doesn't matter what the actual addiction is, the
               | reward circuitry in the brain is pretty much similar.
               | 
               | Addiction is basically highjacking our brain wiring
               | that's meant to help us expend energy chasing things that
               | we need for survival (food, reproduction), and using it
               | to chase other things
        
               | wtetzner wrote:
               | Seed oils (used in almost everything these days) contain
               | a lot of linoleic acid, which is a precursor to
               | endocannabinoids, potentially giving you the munchies. If
               | eating gives you the munchies, making you want to eat
               | more, I'd call that a chemical addiction.
               | 
               | I think avoiding bad foods is a better solution than
               | reaching for drugs, but if the drugs help break the
               | cycle, it could be beneficial.
        
               | zero-sharp wrote:
               | >Seed oils (used in almost everything these days) contain
               | a lot of linoleic acid, which is a precursor to
               | endocannabinoids, potentially giving you the munchies. If
               | eating gives you the munchies, making you want to eat
               | more, I'd call that a chemical addiction.
               | 
               | If you listen to nutrition gurus, you'll hear claims like
               | "food X contains chemical Y and chemical Y is either
               | itself toxic or metabolizes to something toxic, therefore
               | you shouldn't eat X". I promise you I can find videos
               | where somebody has found something bad about spinach and
               | will try to convince you not to eat it. It's a bad way to
               | reason.
               | 
               | Identifying individual biological pathways isn't enough
               | to make (dietary) prescriptions. Often, the metabolites
               | of the food aren't produced in high enough quantities to
               | make a measurable effect (on health, or this case
               | behavior). This kind of thing has to be studied at the
               | level of behavior.
        
               | jdhendrickson wrote:
               | I find this attitude strange. I am a very physically fit
               | man, I do not know what it is like to walk in the shoes
               | of someone who has an addiction to food, but I do know
               | people eat themselves to death. People deal with
               | debilitating diseases that are directly linked to the
               | amount they are eating. People literally destroy their
               | body and live in the wreckage, and you think that it's
               | not an addiction? If not an addiction what exactly is
               | going on?
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | Addiction is this really scary thing I saw on tv about
               | downtown Philadelphia and fentanyl killing people buy
               | that's far away and couldn't happen here. Sure, I have
               | friends who are fat and are unable to stop themselves
               | from drinking 8 cans of coke a day but they're not
               | shooting up with needles and I know them so they can't be
               | this scary kind of person called an addict. Also I know
               | this one girl who's glued to her phone all day and can't
               | do anything else and she's also definitely not an addict.
               | 
               | Addiction hits the same part of the brain, no matter if
               | it's chemical, physical, or digital. Just because our
               | culture sees them differently doesn't make it the same
               | underlying problem.
        
               | __blockcipher__ wrote:
               | It's the same thing. Obviously withdrawals and such are
               | different but the core mechanism of disregulated reward
               | processing leading to compulsive behavior engagement is
               | exactly the same.
        
               | seadan83 wrote:
               | The concern regarding a drug as a crutch is stil valid.
               | Smokers/drinkers may deal with stress by
               | smoking/drinking. After cessation, ways to deal with
               | stress need to be learned from a new.
               | 
               | "Addiction" is ambiguous and a term almost better not
               | used. "Addiction" may constitute chemical dependency but
               | can also be largely a set of habits. A set of habits and
               | lifestyle are pretty much the same thing.
        
               | CydeWeys wrote:
               | The problem is that calling it a "crutch" is already
               | presupposing a negative judgment of it. Use a neutral
               | word; e.g. it is a weight loss aid.
        
               | tomrod wrote:
               | Some things simply are negative, and masking behind a
               | neutral word makes the neutral word perceived as negative
               | over time.
               | 
               | Masking reality is not a good way to work within it nor
               | modify it.
        
               | cthalupa wrote:
               | What's the explanation for why GLP1 medications are
               | negative things? There are a very minor subset of people
               | that have some medically significant adverse reactions,
               | but it is VERY small. We don't have any evidence to my
               | knowledge of any long term risks with being on it.
        
               | Alupis wrote:
               | > We don't have any evidence to my knowledge of any long
               | term risks with being on it.
               | 
               | Nobody has yet been on these drugs for an entire lifetime
               | - which is what is being advocated in this thread.
        
               | cthalupa wrote:
               | Sure. But what's the proposed mechanism? For many - not
               | all, obviously - medications, we have an understanding of
               | potential long term risks. Animal studies catch some of
               | them, others we know are potentially risky even without
               | animal studies, e.g. drugs that increase angiogenesis
               | have a risk of increasing tumor growth.
               | 
               | But no one has proposed mechanisms for GLP1 peptides.
               | 
               | Meanwhile, we know obesity is one of the largest long
               | term risks to health in existence, and one of the most
               | prevalent.
        
               | throwup238 wrote:
               | _> But no one has proposed mechanisms for GLP1 peptides._
               | 
               | I'm worried about long term malnutrition leading to
               | significant loss of muscle mass, osteoporosis, and other
               | deficiencies that eventually lead to infirmity and brings
               | forward the immobility death spiral much earlier in late
               | age through weak muscles and bones. Most of the long term
               | studies on GLP-1 agonists that I've reviewed have been on
               | diabetic patients who already had to carefully control
               | their diets and we still don't know what decades of poor
               | diet on Ozempic will do.
               | 
               | For very obese people the tradeoff is still pretty damn
               | good though.
        
               | DANmode wrote:
               | As long as they don't use their brains to any high
               | performing degree.
        
               | cthalupa wrote:
               | Probably more or less the same as to what happens with
               | skinny people who have a garbage diet but just eat less
               | or have significantly higher metabolisms.
               | 
               | It's not great.
               | 
               | The good news is it's quite commonly reported (and I can
               | add my anecdotal experience to the chorus) that I don't
               | crave the food that's worst for me in any real quantity
               | anymore. Even if I'm busy and need to scroll through uber
               | eats, I'm not using it as an excuse to get a delicious
               | but large, fried, high in carbs, high in fat meal. It's
               | way easier for me to say "yeah that tastes good, but I'll
               | grab the grilled chicken wrap and brown rice."
               | 
               | I'm not sure on what causes this - we have some
               | preliminary studies around GLP1 peptides, dopamine,
               | addiction, etc., so it might be something there. But the
               | sheer number of people you hear talking about it makes me
               | believe we'll have some studies that do look into it in
               | the future. It might not happen to everyone, and some
               | people might still just choose to eat poorly even if it
               | does, but in both situations people's longterm health
               | depends on them listening to advice on how to eat better
               | and exercise, and I think most people would rather be
               | average weight and metabolically unhealthy than obese and
               | metabolically unhealthy.
        
               | __blockcipher__ wrote:
               | One obvious risk would be blunting of longer term GLP-1
               | receptor activation. Imagine type 2 diabetes but for
               | ghrelin.
               | 
               | To use an analogy amphetamines have a honeymoon period,
               | and it feels like a lot of people on these weight loss
               | drugs haven't been on them long enough to get past the
               | honeymoon period and see what the effects are after 10,
               | 20, etc years
        
               | cthalupa wrote:
               | It's possible. But, we've had another GLP-1 medication in
               | use for about a decade and a half now - liraglutide. So
               | far, we haven't seen evidence of that occurring.
               | 
               | I don't think anyone who is both informed and sane would
               | suggest that it is impossible that there are negative
               | long term impacts from taking the medication. Just that
               | we have no current indication of them, and that being
               | afraid about a "what if" without any concrete concerns
               | when the alternative is the "continue being in one of the
               | riskiest states possible for human health" is silly.
        
               | rolisz wrote:
               | Loss of muscle mass. Most folks on these drugs don't lose
               | fat only, but a disproportionate amount of muscle too
        
               | borski wrote:
               | All significant weight loss includes some loss of muscle
               | mass. Minimizing that is why every patient is advised and
               | counseled to lift and work out, change their lifestyle
               | and diet, and so on.
               | 
               | The pill alone isn't magic. It just makes it possible to
               | do the right things for people who found it impossible to
               | do before.
        
               | cthalupa wrote:
               | That's the danger of any rapid weight loss where you
               | don't exercise and ingest additional protein.
               | 
               | I knew about it from prior research, but my doctor made
               | sure to mention it to me as well. He's also monitoring
               | the speed of my weight loss to determine if I should go
               | on ursodiol to prevent gallstones - another potential
               | side effect of rapid weight loss.
               | 
               | But the same could happen on any sort of caloric deficit.
               | The GLP1 drug isn't causing you to lose muscle through
               | some reaction occurring inside your body - it's your body
               | just doing what it does in a calorie deficit when you
               | aren't overindexing on protein and working out.
        
               | blackeyeblitzar wrote:
               | GI issues are fairly common and sometimes linger after
               | stopping too. Loss of muscle mass is also common.
        
               | jart wrote:
               | Is there any evidence those things aren't just side
               | effects of eating less food?
        
               | oatmeal_croc wrote:
               | This. You'll need studies to prove that semaglutide
               | causes muscle mass -so you need to have a group that
               | loses weight using semaglutide and another group that
               | loses weight without it and compare the muscle loss. I'm
               | willing to bet you'll see similar numbers. If you don't
               | exercise, you will lose muscle mass when reducing weight
               | - which is why trainers recommend resistance training and
               | higher than usual protein while cutting.
        
               | cthalupa wrote:
               | The GI issues tend to be minor. Unpleasant, but not
               | exactly any more debilitating than a lactose intolerant
               | person deciding that they really really wanted that extra
               | large milkshake. Some people have it worse - but those,
               | to my understanding, very much are in the minority.
               | 
               | Tirzepatide also has significantly fewer GI issues.
               | 
               | Muscle mass loss happens in any sort of weight loss where
               | you don't eat enough protein and get enough exercise.
               | There's no current evidence that when you control for
               | calorie deficit, diet macros, level of exercise, bmr,
               | etc., that people lose more muscle mass on GLP1 agonists
               | to my knowledge.
        
               | phil21 wrote:
               | GI issues are almost always minor. Folks are used to zero
               | discomfort in their lives so the social media reporting
               | of such is wildly overdone.
               | 
               | Tirzepatide is being investigated as a therapy for IBS.
               | Within two weeks of being on the drug I was able to start
               | living a life not scheduled around being near a restroom.
               | This was suggested as a potential side effect by my
               | doctor before taking it for weight loss, due to the GIP
               | component in the drug which slows down your digestive
               | track.
               | 
               | It could be I'm eating less. However I have went on crash
               | diets before with absolutely no change to my constant
               | lifetime GI issues, and have eaten extremely clean the
               | past half decade due to a partner who cooks amazing
               | healthy meals that would exceed most definitions of the
               | term.
               | 
               | I've long since reached my goal weight and target body
               | composition- but I plan on sticking to a low dose of
               | Tirzepatide for the rest of my life since it gave me my
               | life back. No more popping Imodium every few hours on
               | vacation while simultaneously fasting. Just a normal life
               | these days. I can enjoy a breakfast if I feel like it
               | without it ruining the rest of my morning. Heck, I can
               | even eat shitty greasy food at the state fair with only
               | mild discomfort most folks would have from such poor
               | choices.
               | 
               | Every study (still limited in number) I've read more or
               | less refutes all the social media hysteria. There is a
               | whole lot of smoke but no fires yet to be seen. They may
               | still be coming.
               | 
               | The things that are not wholesale misinformation seem to
               | be the requirement to cease use many weeks before going
               | into surgery, potentially needing to be on it for your
               | whole life, and the side effect it currently has on your
               | finances. Nothing else seems to hold up under scientific
               | scrutiny yet.
               | 
               | Perhaps I will regret this decision in 20 years, but I'm
               | willing to take that risk to have some of the best
               | quality of life years I've had yet.
        
               | unethical_ban wrote:
               | If someone has a broken leg, the word "crutch" isn't
               | derogatory in the first place.
               | 
               | Cessation tools are not negative. Yes, root causes of
               | abuse should be addressed, but aids are aids.
        
               | CydeWeys wrote:
               | Crutch (n)         a : a support typically fitting under
               | the armpit for use by the disabled in walking         b :
               | a source or means of support or assistance that is relied
               | on heavily or excessively
               | 
               | Use a is a neutral, non-judgmental, literal use of the
               | word. Use b is clearly a pejorative, judgmental,
               | metaphorical use of the word. The two are not the same.
        
               | borski wrote:
               | The negative connotation of a crutch implies that you are
               | past the point of needing it and should be standing on
               | your own two feet. If a thing is not meant to be
               | temporary, or if you'll never be able to perform a task
               | as well without it as you could with it, then it's a tool
               | rather than a crutch.
               | 
               | Thus, calling GLP-1 meds a "crutch" implies that they are
               | unnecessary, and that the patient should be able to do it
               | without medication, which then creates guilt and shame
               | where there shouldn't be any.
        
               | fknorangesite wrote:
               | > If someone has a broken leg, the word "crutch" isn't
               | derogatory in the first place.
               | 
               | It is so profoundly disingenuous to pretend not to know
               | what the word "crutch" means or what connotations it has
               | in this context. Like, come on.
        
               | CydeWeys wrote:
               | Some things simply are negative, sure. I think we can all
               | agree that murder is negative on the whole, for example.
               | 
               | But you are making a HUGE leap here in assuming that GLP1
               | agonists "simply are negative". You have not remotely
               | supported this logical leap. All studies in fact have
               | shown that GLP1 agonists are significantly positive: That
               | they improve health, reduce obesity, reduce all-cause
               | mortality, etc. You are denying observed reality across a
               | large number of double blinded, objective clinical
               | trials.
        
               | nswest23 wrote:
               | All these people are calling it a crutch are moralizing
               | tongue clicking, holier than thou Calvinists who think
               | you shouldn't be able to be thin unless you bootstrapped
               | yourself to thinness with your own blood sweat and tears,
               | as though this viewpoint represents some abstract
               | understanding of the world instead of merely a smug sense
               | of self righteousness.
        
               | buzzerbetrayed wrote:
               | Crutch and "weight loss aid" aren't synonymous at all.
               | You can't ask someone to use a word that has a less
               | negative connotation if they mean completely different
               | things. They intentionally said crutch because they're
               | specifically talking about people who use it as a crutch.
               | Not people who just use it as a weight loss aid.
        
               | golol wrote:
               | What's wrong eith a medicine as a crutch? If you break
               | your leg you use a damn crutch and that's good. If you
               | suffer from an illness and we have a medicine that's
               | worse than the illness and affordable - go for it.
               | Phrasing it as a crutch suggests it is somehow only a
               | temporary that prevents you from finding a "real"
               | solution by changing your "lifestyle". It doesn't matter,
               | only outcomes matter.
        
               | names_are_hard wrote:
               | Agreed. After I broke leg the physical therapist saw me
               | walking without aids and said I should go back to using a
               | cane and explained that I'll heal better and faster if I
               | use help than if I don't. Made me realize that the
               | expression "using x as a crutch" doesn't make sense if
               | it's supposed to imply that x is an impediment to
               | progress.
        
               | goosedragons wrote:
               | I think the difference is with food you have to eat it.
               | You don't need alcohol, opioids or nicotine to live. With
               | food it's much easier to fall back into similar or the
               | same pattern as before because you can't avoid it.
        
               | seadan83 wrote:
               | Chemical dependency I believe can confuse the brain,
               | where it actually does think you need the drug to live.
               | 
               | It can be very hard to avoid booze or cigarettes. They
               | are everywhere. Potentially throughout all of a person's
               | social group. Maybe at home if spouse or parents smoke.
               | 
               | As a former smoker, changing diet was easier for me than
               | to change a smoking habit
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | While you're chemically addicted to a substance, yes, the
               | body thinks you literally need it to survive. The point
               | is what happens after you break the chemical addiction,
               | you go through withdrawal, and can function again. The
               | brain stops feeling you need it in that same way after
               | this process. But it's almost impossible for someone who
               | went through alchohol or nicotine or opioid withdrawal to
               | ever consume that again and not relapse into addiction.
               | 
               | If the same logic applies to a "food addiction", then
               | discontinuing the drug that helped you go over the
               | initial addiction is going to be almost impossible, since
               | you can't abstain from food.
        
               | seadan83 wrote:
               | Withdrawal can often be both a mental and chemical
               | process. The desire to do something and constantly
               | thinking about it can be just as much habit as it is
               | chemical.
               | 
               | We are mostly on the same page I think. To the point
               | though, re: food - it is not all equal. Fast food, ice
               | cream, fried food, candy, chips- it is quite different
               | from cooking your own meals and snacking on things like
               | fruit, veggies and hummus (etc..)
               | 
               | Similar to your first point, I can't buy ice cream
               | because I have no self control over it. (I would not say
               | I have a food problem, it would therefore be a lot harder
               | for others I believe)
               | 
               | While I agree "you can't abstain from food", it might be
               | a bit overly reductive. Not all food is responsible for
               | 'problem' eating. Similar to near absolutely (or
               | absolutely) avoiding booze/nicotine, there might be
               | similar foods that must be avoided. Which comes back to
               | habits, changes to how a person snacks, when they eat,
               | how long is spent in food prep,more grocery store trips,
               | how they shop in the grocery store (etc)
        
               | dazc wrote:
               | The other problem being the availability of healthy food.
               | Those without the time or facility to cook are dependent
               | upon stores selling convenience foods which are anything
               | but healthy, those foods labelled as such being some of
               | the worst examples.
               | 
               | Despite not being overweight and taking regular exercise,
               | I have recently been diagnosed as diabetic and now see
               | the world in a different light. It really is quite
               | shocking how many aisles in. a typical supermarket are
               | stocked with complete junk food.
        
               | tonyedgecombe wrote:
               | >The other problem being the availability of healthy
               | food. Those without the time or facility to cook are
               | dependent upon stores selling convenience foods which are
               | anything but healthy, those foods labelled as such being
               | some of the worst examples.
               | 
               | Is it impossible to buy healthy food in your region? The
               | average American spends six hours a day watching TV, do
               | they really not have enough time to cook a meal? Just how
               | many people do not have a cooker in their home? Is it
               | cheaper to buy preprocessed food rather than the raw
               | ingredients in that meal?
               | 
               | It seems to me the real problem is the supply of food is
               | abundant and corporations have gone to extraordinary
               | lengths to make it very palatable. Add in peoples
               | tendency to chose the easy option (ready meals, eating
               | out) and you get an obesity epidemic.
        
               | nox101 wrote:
               | People that move out of the USA generally lose weight.
               | Especially if they move to a country with snaller
               | portions and more walking. People that move to the USA
               | generally gain weight. Evidence that it's lifestyle.
        
               | grepfru_it wrote:
               | Just needs to be a walking friendly city. You will lose
               | weight in eg NYC or Seattle
        
               | lazyasciiart wrote:
               | I'm in Seattle, and I can tell you that foreigners don't
               | move here and lose weight.
        
               | NilMostChill wrote:
               | That's evidence of environmental factors.
        
               | ta_1138 wrote:
               | An environment that physically makes you more sedentary
               | as, outside of a couple of cities, many things that would
               | be sensibly done through walking in other countries
               | involve driving.
               | 
               | You can easily tell this is the case by seeing where the
               | obesity is less prevalent
        
               | hnburnsy wrote:
               | Maybe peer and societal influences too?
        
               | maigret wrote:
               | https://usa.streetsblog.org/2023/04/14/exactly-how-much-
               | less...
        
               | pclmulqdq wrote:
               | I would suggest that you look at food labels of
               | "equivalent" products on both sides of the Atlantic. US
               | packaged foods have a lot more sugar (and general
               | calories) than those in Europe, even when they are the
               | "same."
        
               | bitnasty wrote:
               | Actually not true. All addicts develop lifestyles around
               | their addictions. Alcoholics often have many social
               | connections that involve alcohol, what they do for fun
               | involves alcohol, etc. A successful recovery typically
               | involves changing this lifestyle to make the problem
               | behaviors easier to avoid.
        
               | jrockway wrote:
               | I don't think you expect to stop taking the drug. It's a
               | for-life kind of thing.
               | 
               | If a prescription for "lifestyle changes" were a drug, it
               | would be one of the least effective drugs ever made. I
               | read something directed at medical professionals that are
               | skeptical of the GLP-1 receptor agonists and it asks, if
               | you prescribe a drug and your patient refuses to take it,
               | why would you keep prescribing that drug? Of course not.
               | That's what lifestyle changes are, and the landscape has
               | changed so that there are alternatives.
               | 
               | (My employer is heavy on the "lifestyle changes" angle.
               | They will not pay for GLP-1s, but they will send you a
               | newsletter about losing weight if you want. Guess who's
               | losing the weight.)
        
               | metabagel wrote:
               | > The problem with this (and all diet plans/drugs) is the
               | lifestyle that led to problem in the first place.
               | 
               | I don't think we fully know what led to the problem in
               | the first place.
               | 
               | I think it's a complex interaction between the types of
               | foods we eat, and which are more affordable, our gut
               | microbiome, and the amount and frequency of exercise
               | which we are able to fit into our day.
               | 
               | We have some pretty good ideas that reducing intake of
               | high glycemic foods, safely reducing overall calorie
               | intake, and getting regular exercise will help.
               | 
               | However, it's the bad food which many families can most
               | afford. Many people find it difficult to make time for
               | exercise, since they are pretty exhausted from making a
               | living. The foods which are bad for us tend to make us
               | feel good in the short term.
               | 
               | When a person has become obese, it is harder to start
               | exercising, and it's harder to find exercises which don't
               | hurt their feet, joints, back, or other parts of their
               | body.
               | 
               | Ideally, we would all have copious time to exercise, and
               | healthy food would be abundant and affordable. But,
               | that's generally not the case for most people.
               | 
               | And some people seem to be genetically predisposed to
               | gain weight.
        
               | sirsinsalot wrote:
               | If you compare the typical American diet and ingredients
               | to the rest of the world, the answer is clear.
               | 
               | The problem is most Americans (where the obesity crisis
               | is worst) don't know their country's businesses are
               | selling them rubbish and their government is subsidising
               | it.
        
               | cam_l wrote:
               | I figure for some people it will work as a crutch and for
               | some it will work as a prosthetic. I guess that depends
               | on whether you need to take some weight off and allow
               | yourself to heal, or if you are actually missing that
               | appendage. Metaphorically.
        
               | nwienert wrote:
               | > you will relapse with a vengeance
               | 
               | You say this - but not from experience (correct me if I'm
               | wrong and you have taken a GLP-1 agonist).
               | 
               | I say this because as someone who has taken it, I found
               | one of the craziest parts is how they do seem to help you
               | set better habits, and those habits do stick, and it's
               | not like some fake thing.
               | 
               | For example MJ helped me do the following: entirely
               | stopped late night snacking, stopped craving sweets, stop
               | smoking weed. And it doesn't come back when I go off,
               | even after months.
               | 
               | I wasn't especially overweight when I went on (maybe
               | 20lbs), I did it for the incredible immune system benefit
               | which seem to heal my immune disorder, but I was stunned
               | at the results outside of it.
               | 
               | I get that people hate the idea of something that helps
               | you be better without having to "put in work", but in the
               | weirdest and best way possible, it seems to do that, at
               | least in part.
        
               | coffeebeqn wrote:
               | > people hate the idea of something that helps you be
               | better without having to "put in work"
               | 
               | This is kind of an incredible reaction many people seem
               | to have. Isn't this just a net positive? Even if someone
               | feels like gatekeeping good health, ozempic is only
               | giving you maybe 60% of the benefits of a healthy diet
               | and regular exercise. It's not taking anything away from
               | people who put in the effort
        
               | golol wrote:
               | "Everything comes at a cost" as a meme is really deeply
               | integrated in our culture. Since thousands of years
               | probably.
        
               | homebrewer wrote:
               | Yeah, no. Speaking of "personal discipline" makes it
               | obvious you have never seriously dealt with addicts.
               | Solving it long term is basically impossible for some of
               | us; pretty sure because of how our brains are wired at
               | the physical level. I know all the (popular) science, I
               | discussed it with a good doctor whom I personally know, I
               | know you're supposed to change your habits long-term (and
               | _how_ you 're supposed to do it), and I recently lost 15
               | kgs of weight for the fourth time in my life. The longest
               | time I managed to maintain healthy weight was maybe 3-4
               | years. If Ozempic (or whatever) actually solves this, I'm
               | ready to go on it for the rest of my life.
               | 
               | I also live in a "vodka belt" and know several alcoholics
               | who tried very hard to maintain their "personal
               | discipline". It's _impossible_ for most of them -- almost
               | all relapse in a few years ' time.
        
               | zero-sharp wrote:
               | I'm one of those people who has repeatedly lost weight by
               | managing food intake. I'm talking about losing over 30
               | pounds, more than once. It might have been three times.
               | Oh yea and I've kept it off for close to a decade now. I
               | didn't use drugs. At times I used a food scale to manage
               | portions. At times I literally just microwaved broccoli
               | for a snack/meal. I still do it periodically if I'm
               | feeling self-conscious. Does it suck? Yep. Have you guys
               | ever tried those things?
               | 
               | I mention this because I feel like you need somebody who
               | has gone through the experience to actually have
               | credibility in the conversation, to tell you that
               | personal discipline is a real thing that can achieve
               | results. I think it's ridiculous how quickly you
               | dismissed the parent post.
        
               | phil21 wrote:
               | I've gone through that experience multiple times as well.
               | Also over 30lbs each time. Also having kept it off for
               | years, although not quite a decade for my longest period.
               | COVID was my last regression, as it was for many who lost
               | it and maintained it the way we both did.
               | 
               | The GLP-1's are a game changer. I will never lose weight
               | the "white knuckle" way again. I can, and I have proven
               | it to myself and others. It's not complicated as you say
               | - it's quite simple.
               | 
               | It's simply such a giant imposition on your life and
               | mental well being that I am thankful others won't have to
               | go through it as their only option in the future. The
               | sheer chunk it takes out of my executive function means I
               | can't perform nearly as well at other tasks in life. The
               | GLP-1 class of drugs make it trivial in comparison. Like
               | a performance enhancer for a diet.
               | 
               | I also have worked out a hell of a lot more taking
               | Tirzepatide than I ever did counting calories on a food
               | scale. This is because I feel so much better it's not
               | even a comparison - primarily mentally, but also
               | physically due to the other positive side effects the
               | drug has associated with it. Plus I don't feel guilty
               | when I go out with friends to a burger joint - I eat half
               | and feel perfectly satiated, no guilt or "cheat day"
               | required. My energy levels are not comparable. I have
               | much more time in my day available for other activities,
               | such as keeping appointments with my personal trainer at
               | the gym or taking 6 miles of walks per day.
               | 
               | Losing weight and maintaining an active healthy lifestyle
               | doesn't have to "suck" any more.
               | 
               | I feel like you need someone who has gone through both
               | experiences to actually have credibility in this
               | conversation. Willpower isn't a special trait, it's not
               | something to lord over other people.
        
               | zero-sharp wrote:
               | >Willpower isn't a special trait, it's not something to
               | lord over other people.
               | 
               | I'm not special. Look at his post. He quickly dismisses
               | the idea of personal discipline and asserts that keeping
               | weight off is "basically impossible" in the first two
               | lines. What kind of bullshit is that? Because we don't
               | know what it's like? Well I do.
        
               | theshackleford wrote:
               | You only know what it's like for _you_
               | 
               | You know nothing of anyone else's experience and
               | pretending otherwise is comical at best.
        
               | zero-sharp wrote:
               | >You only know what it's like for you You know nothing of
               | anyone else's experience and pretending otherwise is
               | comical at best.
               | 
               | Well we're all technically different, so nobody knows
               | what it's like to be you. So literally no advice or data
               | can actually apply to you. Those scientific studies
               | studied other people, right? Cool world we've created.
        
               | phil21 wrote:
               | I worded that poorly and deleted a paragraph below it
               | since it maybe was wandering into places I didn't want it
               | to.
               | 
               | Reading on the topic of self control and personal
               | discipline, and talking with friends with phds on the
               | subject of addiction medicine changed my mind and
               | perspective on it. I can white knuckle pretty much
               | anything - so can most people if properly motivated. I no
               | longer find that interesting or a point of pride.
               | 
               | When you look into addiction at a deeper level you find
               | people who are sober from their drug of choice, but
               | utterly miserable. This is similar to your description of
               | having to lose and maintain weight through self control.
               | The "it sucks" part. I no longer feel it needs to suck,
               | just like a former alcoholic will tell you how it's
               | relatively easy to be sober but miserable. The hard part
               | is figuring out how to do it while being happy and not
               | constantly in a battle with yourself. I see what you
               | describe as someone who avoids alcohol by not visiting
               | establishments that serve it and keeping it out of the
               | house.
               | 
               | What I realized is that I don't need to do that with food
               | - there is help available. I'm now like the former
               | alcoholic that can be around booze without a single
               | thought of taking a sip. It's an entirely different life
               | experience and I'm not miserable or using a portion of my
               | brain to remain in control.
               | 
               | I have done it both ways and the GLP-1s effectively saved
               | my life. Not literally - but it's now a life worth living
               | vs just surviving.
               | 
               | I firmly believe these drugs will be as society changing
               | as antibiotics were.
        
               | zero-sharp wrote:
               | Sure, I'm proud of being able to do it. But it's not an
               | ego/pride thing this in this conversation. I don't know
               | how to say this politely, but I think it's dangerous when
               | our own failures warp our world view with regards to
               | possibilities and truth. "I couldn't do it, so it's
               | impossible" Well maybe? But maybe not.
               | 
               | And you're right. I've had to make lifestyle changes
               | where I avoid certain venues. I don't have fast food.
               | I've had chips maybe a handful of times in the past
               | several years. You can call it a battle, but I wouldn't
               | say I'm miserable on a daily basis. I just got used to
               | it.
               | 
               | Using drugs to improve your quality of life is incredibly
               | valuable. At the same time, I still believe that lifelong
               | dependence to drugs should be avoided. I anticipate
               | negative societal and psychological outcomes in the
               | future. But I have to run.
        
               | cthalupa wrote:
               | I'm someone that has spent many years of my life eating
               | well and exercising regularly, including weightlifting.
               | I'm also someone who has spent the past decade doing
               | neither of those things, with one attempt in the middle
               | to correct my behavior interrupted by a knee injury.
               | 
               | I'm currently on tirzepatide and have also started to
               | resume exercise, and I'm enjoying it like I did when I
               | was younger - I expect I'll be able to go off of it when
               | I get to my goal weight.
               | 
               | But at the same time, there's not any real reason that
               | people would _need_ to go off the drugs, outside of cost.
               | So far we don 't see any adverse reactions in the vast
               | majority of people. Some people have reactions from rapid
               | weight loss - gallstones, hair loss, etc. but these are
               | also risks in crash diets, etc.
               | 
               | We accept that people will need lifelong medication
               | (often with worse side effects) for other illnesses that
               | have less risk to all cause mortality, etc., than
               | obesity. Why would we be unwilling to do it for obesity?
               | 
               | The fact of the matter is that despite the risks and
               | downsides of obesity being well known in America, 42% of
               | American adults are obese. No amount of education or
               | knowledge that has gotten us on the whole to eat better
               | or exercise more. Plainly, being on these GLP1
               | medications is preferable to being obese based on all
               | current knowledge.
        
               | CydeWeys wrote:
               | > The fact of the matter is that despite the risks and
               | downsides of obesity being well known in America, 42% of
               | American adults are obese.
               | 
               | It's down to 40% and dropping now, thanks essentially
               | solely to GLP1 agonists! This will, no lie, save our
               | country trillions of dollars in increased years of
               | quality of life (and thus productivity) and reduced
               | healthcare costs.
        
               | slothtrop wrote:
               | Yes, what's true and often understated about weight-loss
               | is that people usually _do_ lose weight when they decide
               | to, but gain it back. Aside from lifestyle, metabolic
               | adaptation is one factor. Since metabolism is lower,
               | increasing calorie intake too quickly leads to weight-
               | gain, and metabolism remains worse than it was before.
        
               | monkeycantype wrote:
               | The genetics of hunger are fascinating, people literally
               | feel very different levels of hunger. My family are
               | mostly all quite fit and healthy, but this is because
               | exercise and dieting are a cultural obsession in my
               | family to an un-mentally healthy extent, because as I
               | understand through conversation with others We feel an
               | unusually high level of hunger, I can be full to bursting
               | and hunger does not stop. I tried semaglutide, it was the
               | first time I can recall ever feeling the absence of
               | hunger. To think that my family and I are likely nowhere
               | near the top of the hunger spectrum astonishes and
               | horrified me
        
               | sheepscreek wrote:
               | As someone very close to an Ozempic user, I can tell that
               | you have no idea what you're talking about.
               | 
               | Would we consider insulin a crutch? Think of this as
               | something in the same league. At least that is the case
               | for a good chunk of the target audience.
        
               | mitjam wrote:
               | It seems to be more like an orthosis than a crutch as it
               | helps the body to get back into a healthy state instead
               | of replacing it's functionality.
        
               | skywhopper wrote:
               | Did you even read the top level comment here where the
               | person addresses this? Anyway, this sort of moralizing is
               | incredibly inhelpful. Very few people are obese because
               | they lack "discipline". Certainly they are no less
               | disciplined than most non-obese folks in the world. All
               | sorts of factors play into obesity that have nothing to
               | do with "discipline": genetics, gut microbiome, local
               | environment, food availability, mental health, physical
               | disease.
               | 
               | There's some small percentage of people for whom
               | "discipline" is enough, but when people talk like you are
               | with the implicit assumption that all fat people are lazy
               | and immoral due to lack of "discipline", you only
               | reinforce the misinformation about the causes of obesity
               | and make it harder to address novel causes with novel
               | treatments.
        
               | legacynl wrote:
               | Well that's the whole point of the novelty of this drug.
               | 
               | This drug somehow effects our emotional resilience and/or
               | the strength of our response to emotional decisions
               | and/or the way our brain weighs different options
               | regarding to long-term planing.
               | 
               | Basically instead of your suggestion of not treating
               | drugs as a crutch, and trying hard to restructure your
               | life; this drug basically does exactly that. It gives you
               | the decision making of a person that already did fight
               | the addiction and restructured his life. The only thing
               | then is for the person to actually restructure his life
               | by living his newly well-decisioned life for a while.
               | 
               | That's why it is sometimes bad advice to tell people not
               | to use medicine as a 'crutch'. Just like actual crutches,
               | they actually are meant to be able to temporarily support
               | a person. If somebody needs a 'crutch' they should fully
               | use it, especially if it can help them ultimately solve
               | the need for the crutch.
               | 
               | I get what you're trying to say with the crutch thing,
               | but personally this kind of attitude prevented me from
               | considering medication much earlier. Even though we all
               | feel deep in our hearts that standing by yourself is
               | better than relying on some crutch, nobody cares, and
               | nobody is going to give you any bonuspoints if you make
               | it to your death without any help. If any type of
               | medication or treatment can help you, for the love of all
               | that is good, use it.
        
               | nunez wrote:
               | So I was, also, a firm believer of the "gotta fix your
               | lifestyle" school of thought regarding weight management
               | until I was introduced to the Maintenance Phase podcast
               | (hosted by Aubrey Gordon and Michael Hobbes).
               | 
               | This podcast, and Aubrey's book "What We Don't Talk About
               | When We Talk About Fat," opened my eyes to the fact that
               | many people are just _born_ hungrier than others.
               | 
               | The body will weigh what the body wants to weigh, no
               | matter how many fad diets or drugs you throw at it.
               | 
               | Unfortunately, those whose bodies that don't conform to
               | our modern, eugenicized definition of "healthy" and don't
               | particularly care for working out at all times are dealt
               | a lifelong sentence of social ostracizing, "have you
               | tried this diet" and "calories in, calories out," mostly
               | against their will.
               | 
               | To wit: I can easily scarf down 3000+ calories per day.
               | EASILY. I also know people who struggle to eat 2000
               | calories per day. I've seen this dynamic with kids in the
               | same family as well.
               | 
               | I'm not saying that it's impossible to make healthier
               | choices. Everyone can benefit from a balanced diet and
               | more exercise. I'm saying that some people will naturally
               | be heavier than others, and that should be okay.
        
             | arijo wrote:
             | It's not a miracle drug. Check this Joe Rogan interview to
             | understand at a deep level all the problems with a drug
             | like Ozempic: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G0lTyhvOeJs
        
               | karmajunkie wrote:
               | you lost the debate the moment you cite joe rogan.
        
               | arijo wrote:
               | I would listen to what his guests on this particular
               | podcast have to say before jumping into conclusions just
               | because the interviewer is Joe Rogan.
               | 
               | I have no particular opinion on him - I'm just interested
               | in what the interviewees in this specific episode have to
               | say about metabolic health which has direct implications
               | on the massive usage of drugs like ozempic.
        
               | cthalupa wrote:
               | I'll start with stating that Joe Rogan has, as the years
               | have gone on, resulted to more and more fringe guests on
               | basically every subject.
               | 
               | Then I'll point out that these guests are MDs, not PhDs.
               | 
               | And then I'll point out this bit from the description:
               | 
               | > Dr. Casey Means is the Co-Founder of Levels Health,
               | which provides insights into metabolic health through
               | real-time data. Calley Means is the Co-Founder of
               | Truemed, which enables HSA spending on healthy food,
               | supplements and exercise. They are the co-authors of
               | "Good Energy."
               | 
               | Their livelihood is based on selling people apps,
               | services, hardware, supplements, etc. around a certain
               | lifestyle. They've got direct financial incentive to be
               | against GLP1 medications.
               | 
               | For any specific claims, well, if you're going to use a
               | video for reference, present the specific claims,
               | timestamps, etc. You can't expect random people on the
               | internet to watch a two and a half hour video off of
               | nothing more than "you'll understand at a deep level the
               | problem with glp1 drugs!"
        
               | arijo wrote:
               | In contrast with the huge amount of money that the pharma
               | industry spends in marketing GLP1 drugs to people not
               | caring about their long term effects but only on profit.
               | 
               | I wish there were more Casey and Calley Means in this
               | world instead of ever more metabolic and mentally ill
               | society living more like zombies than free human beings.
        
               | cthalupa wrote:
               | > In contrast with the huge amount of money that the
               | pharma industry spends in marketing GLP1 drugs to people
               | 
               | Drugs lose their patents and much of the research on
               | novel medications is done in partnerships with
               | universities, etc. Plenty of other scientists unrelated
               | to the drug companies are continuing research through
               | entirely separate funding. But I guess everyone is in the
               | pocket of big pharma?
               | 
               | > not caring about their long term effects but only on
               | profit.
               | 
               | What long term effects? You still haven't elucidated any
               | concerns.
               | 
               | > I wish there were more Casey and Calley Means in this
               | world instead of ever more metabolic and mentally ill
               | society living more like zombies than free human beings.
               | 
               | You can find plenty of them on instagram, youtube, and
               | tiktok. They'll be happy to sell you another fitness
               | device and Yet Another Protein Powder or a pill made out
               | of some plant extract that has minimal to no scientific
               | evidence of efficacy.
        
               | arijo wrote:
               | Every drug has long term side effects but people are
               | being sold GLP1 as a miracle weight lost pill when the
               | focus should be on reducing all the toxic junk food that
               | is causing the weight gain in the first place.
               | 
               | And yes, many research programs are funded by pharma -
               | the conlict of interests is blatant and getting more
               | people sicker every year.
               | 
               | Honestly, I'm pretty sure you're very aware of all this
               | so I question your motivations to be openly promoting a
               | drug that interferes directly with cellular metabolism
               | like if you're selling candy.
        
               | cthalupa wrote:
               | You're still not providing any sort of claim as to what
               | actual negative side effects you are concerned about, so
               | I don't really know how to have a serious conversation
               | with you.
               | 
               | "Interfering with cellular metabolism" is a meaningless
               | phrase. Please provide some sort of method of action that
               | you are actually concerned about. What is it that it is
               | doing to cells that we should be concerned about? What
               | scientific evidence is there that this action is
               | unhealthy?
        
               | arijo wrote:
               | I'm unfortunately expecting this getting worse with
               | massive adoption of the drug but we can start with "Risk
               | of Suicidal Thoughts and thoughts of self-harm with
               | medicines known as GLP-1 receptor agonists,1 including
               | Ozempic (semaglutide), Saxenda (liraglutide) and Wegovy
               | (semaglutide)" - https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/ema-
               | statement-ongoing-revi...
               | 
               | By the way - why are you so eager to promote this drug -
               | can you please declare any conflict of interests?
        
               | cthalupa wrote:
               | > By the way - why are you so eager to promote this drug
               | - can you please declare any conflict of interests?
               | 
               | The closest thing to a conflict of interest I have is
               | that I am currently seeing great results while taking
               | tirzepatide. I find it significantly easier to choose
               | healthier meals made of whole foods with balanced macros,
               | to eat less in general, and to motivate myself to push
               | back towards the exercise habits I had in my 20s. I have
               | no relation to big pharma, and I have no idea if my index
               | fund tracking retirement plans include Novo Nordisk or
               | Eli Lilly, but if they do, that's the closest thing I
               | have to a financial incentive in these companies doing
               | well.
               | 
               | > we can start with "Risk of Suicidal Thoughts and
               | thoughts of self-harm with medicines known as GLP-1
               | receptor agonists,1 including Ozempic (semaglutide),
               | Saxenda (liraglutide) and Wegovy (semaglutide)"
               | 
               | Please read the content you are linking. It said that
               | there were some reports so they were beginning to perform
               | a review. The article specifically mentions the review
               | was set to conclude in Nov 2023. Upon seeing this, I
               | figured it would be a good idea to see if the results of
               | the review had come out.
               | 
               | It took me one google query to find the results:
               | https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/meeting-highlights-
               | pharmac...
               | 
               | > The PRAC has concluded that the available evidence does
               | not support a causal association between the Glucagon-
               | Like Peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1) - dulaglutide,
               | exenatide, liraglutide, lixisenatide and semaglutide -
               | and suicidal and self-injurious thoughts and actions.
               | 
               | So we can scratch that one off the list.
        
               | arijo wrote:
               | Report results you mentioned -> https://catalogues.ema.eu
               | ropa.eu/system/files/2024-03/FINAL_...
               | 
               | "This study was not a random control trial. It was a
               | comparative cohort study, which is an observational study
               | design.
               | 
               | In a randomized control trial, participants are randomly
               | assigned to different groups, with one group receiving
               | the treatment being studied and the other group receiving
               | a placebo or a different treatment. This allows
               | researchers to determine whether the treatment is
               | effective by comparing the outcomes of the two groups.
               | 
               | In a cohort study, researchers observe a group of people
               | over time to see if there is a relationship between
               | certain exposures and outcomes. Participants are not
               | randomly assigned to groups. The study in the source is
               | specifically a comparative cohort study with an active
               | comparator, new user design.
               | 
               | This means that researchers are comparing the outcomes of
               | two groups of patients: those who are new users of GLP-1
               | receptor agonists and those who are new users of SGLT-2
               | inhibitors.
               | 
               | The active comparator is the SGLT-2 inhibitor group. This
               | group is used as a comparison to the GLP-1 receptor
               | agonist group to help researchers determine whether there
               | is an association between the use of GLP-1 receptor
               | agonists and an increased risk of suicide-related and
               | self-harm-related events. It is important to note that
               | cohort studies, like the one described in the source, can
               | only show an association between exposures and outcomes.
               | They cannot prove that one thing causes another."
               | 
               | "Therefore, while the study aims to contribute valuable
               | insights into this potential safety concern, its design
               | and inherent limitations preclude it from making
               | definitive causal statements. Even if the study finds no
               | association, further research, potentially using
               | different methodologies, would be needed to strengthen
               | the evidence and confidently assert that GLP-1 receptor
               | agonists do not causally increase the risk of suicide-
               | related and self-harm-related events"
               | 
               | Taking this into account I'm still going to stick with my
               | ketogenic diet, thank you very much.
        
               | arijo wrote:
               | Ozempic, Wegovy, and Mental Health: Are GLP-1 Drugs
               | Linked to Suicidal Thoughts?
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=izqKRo3e31E
               | 
               | "Yes. I'm a T2 diabetic and have been on an SSRI for
               | years. A couple years ago I was trying to up my dose of
               | Ozempic, as prescribed. Perhaps it was coincidence, but
               | over time I sank into a deep depression and I simply felt
               | like the only reason not to k*l myself was I could never
               | do that to my family. I also developed panic attacks.
               | More fun than a barrel of monkeys! Since then, I've
               | drastically reduced my carbohydrate intake, stopped the
               | Ozempic, and basically made an almost complete recovery.
               | I haven't had a panic attack in two months, and it was
               | mild."
               | 
               | "Dear Dr Scher. I can confirm a very serious major
               | depressive reaction to Saxenda/Liriglutide. This happened
               | 2 days into 1.8mg dose which was exactly when my appetite
               | diminished. Very, very disappointing . This was in spite
               | of taking long-standing Venlafaxine/Effexor, which for
               | this reaction was useless. After stopping Saxenda, my
               | mental state took about 10 days to restabilize. I trust
               | this may be of help to other"
               | 
               | "
        
               | navjack27 wrote:
               | Wow...                 instead of ever more metabolic and
               | mentally ill society living more like zombies than free
               | human beings.
               | 
               | Literally just wow. What possesses you to say such a
               | horrible thing?
        
               | arijo wrote:
               | Possess is a strong word - nevertheless you can start
               | here if you want to be aware of what is going on in the
               | real world:
               | 
               | Youtube Videos
               | 
               | https://youtu.be/PeqQd4_xveI?t=43
               | 
               | https://youtu.be/G0lTyhvOeJs?t=421
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/@metabolicmind
               | 
               | Books
               | 
               | https://a.co/d/cUAgokV
               | 
               | https://a.co/d/32zSKzo
               | 
               | https://a.co/d/acVla0y
        
               | theshackleford wrote:
               | Mental health treatment is not as widely available as it
               | should be.
        
               | arijo wrote:
               | I know this going to be blasfemy but the real problem
               | here is carb addiction and we should be treating the root
               | cause not the symptoms with a drug with unpredictable
               | long term consequences.
        
         | beezlebroxxxxxx wrote:
         | Is the official recommendation that you continue to take it for
         | the rest of your life? Or, is there a schedule to "wean" people
         | off of it?
        
           | r00fus wrote:
           | Most weight management programs recommend you wean off - and
           | also recommend other drugs if needed (metformin) to for
           | maintenance.
           | 
           | The method of these programs is to use the GLP-1 medications
           | to allow you to change your habits significantly while also
           | reducing your weight. The goal being, you keep the new habits
           | and your reduced metabolic requirements which allows you to
           | keep the lower weight.
        
             | beezlebroxxxxxx wrote:
             | Interesting. If we think of effectiveness as maintained
             | weight loss _and_ eventually no longer requiring the drug
             | then the next few years and decades will be fascinating to
             | see how effective they are long-term.
        
               | r00fus wrote:
               | I mean, that's the goal for any weight management plan
               | honestly - to provide the structure for you to make your
               | own change. That GLP-1 meds are so effective will make a
               | huge difference for tons of folks.
               | 
               | I think many people are going to use GLP-1s without a
               | structure - and they may find it's not as easy to taper
               | off without making a meaningful diet change.
        
               | coffeebeqn wrote:
               | Even if you start gaining weight after a year or two I
               | guess you could cycle back on it right ?
        
           | tjohns wrote:
           | Studies have show most people rapidly regain the weight once
           | they stop taking GLP-1 drugs.
           | 
           | The dysfunctional biochemical processes that contributed to
           | overeating are still present if you discontinue the drug.
           | Your body has a natural set-point for the weight it wants to
           | be at, and the hunger and food noise comes right back as your
           | body tries to get you back to your old weight.
           | 
           | It's possible that after after a long enough time at a
           | healthy weight your body's natural weight set-point will
           | regulate itself back down. But this process take years.
        
             | pinko wrote:
             | Is the idea of a set-point settled medical/scientific fact,
             | or still a disputed theory?
        
               | tjohns wrote:
               | It's still a theory. We definitely don't know the
               | underlying mechanism(s) of action, and it's likely
               | there's more hidden complexity there.
               | 
               | But rapid weight gain after weight loss (until you arrive
               | somewhere near your old weight) is at least a well
               | observed experimental effect. About 80% of people who
               | lose weight, through any means, will revert back to their
               | old weight.
               | 
               | Source:
               | 
               | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK592402/
               | 
               | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3673773/
        
               | karmajunkie wrote:
               | i lost about 30 lbs a couple of years ago, white
               | knuckling my way through starving myself on a medically
               | supervised diet. within two months of going off the diet,
               | i was back at the exact weight i started at, to the
               | pound, and haven't varied >2lbs since, no matter what i
               | eat. consider me convinced on the setpoint theory.
        
               | JamesBarney wrote:
               | Set-point theory is pretty much settled medical fact. The
               | mechanism involves leptin, and you can easily see
               | processes that defend bodyweight change in both
               | directions. Though it will more aggressively defend
               | weight loss than weight gain.
               | 
               | In addition prey animals will defend against weight gain
               | more aggressively than non-prey animals. Which makes
               | sense from an evolutionary standpoint. If a lion gets fat
               | he doesn't have nearly as much to worry about than if a
               | gazelle gets fat.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | A lion may also have to endure long periods of no food.
        
             | JamesBarney wrote:
             | > It's possible that after after a long enough time at a
             | healthy weight your body's natural weight set-point will
             | regulate itself back down. But this process take years.
             | 
             | I've spent a fair amount of time pursuing obesity research
             | and I've never seen that. The closest I've seen is
             | researchers or studies mentioning "Maybe the set-point
             | resets are x years" but never seen any direct evidence of
             | this.
        
             | spondylosaurus wrote:
             | "You'll regress if you stop taking the drugs" may be true,
             | but it seems like a double standard to frame it as a knock
             | against weight loss drugs when this _also_ describes
             | countless other interventions for chronic issues...
             | 
             | Your lupus will flare up again if you stop taking
             | Plaquenil! Your eyesight will be bad again when you take
             | off your glasses!
        
               | tjohns wrote:
               | I actually agree entirely.
               | 
               | I'm just being objective in stating that the evidence
               | suggests that these drugs need to be taken long term to
               | have lasting effects. Not everyone realizes this.
               | 
               | But I think that's okay if it can get people back down to
               | a healthy weight. The health impact from being overweight
               | is serious, and we know that lifestyle intervention has a
               | stunningly abysmal success rate.
               | 
               | Anything we can do to reverse the obesity epidemic is a
               | good thing.
        
               | spondylosaurus wrote:
               | More than fair :) I may have jumped to conclusions there
               | because I generally see that line of thinking from people
               | who go "...and therefore there's no point in taking
               | meds," but you're right that not everyone realizes these
               | are long-term drugs.
        
         | mlsu wrote:
         | My view about obesity has shifted dramatically since Ozempic
         | came out. Before this, I didn't think about it too much (I am
         | not obese myself).
         | 
         | I notice now that there is a LOT of judgement, bias(?), around
         | obesity, that people, obese or not, carry with them [1]. I
         | certainly carried that bias, and the reason I noticed it was
         | because Ozempic is literally an external substance that you
         | take that simply makes obesity go away. So if you believe (like
         | most of us unconsciously do) that obesity is a personal failing
         | or an issue of willpower, an issue of personal merit -- HOW is
         | it possible that a chemical pill, an external chemical process,
         | can SO effectively resolve it? When no amount of hectoring and
         | moralizing and willpower can? My inability to square that
         | circle really changed my thinking about obesity in a
         | fundamental way.
         | 
         | Already there is a reaction to Ozempic -- like people thinking
         | that taking Ozempic is a personal failing, or judging
         | celebrities, for taking it, thinking it's the "easy way out" --
         | I think the origin of that is this very deep unconscious bias
         | that we all have about what obesity actually _is_
         | fundamentally.
         | 
         | My view: It is a health condition, that people do not choose.
         | Not unlike diabetes, celiac, or clinical depression. We should
         | be focused on how to improve the lives of people who suffer
         | with that health condition. We all agree insulin is
         | unequivocally a good thing; that it's not a "personal failure"
         | or "cheating" to take insulin; that it really is simple as,
         | diabetes is a health condition and insulin is used to treat it.
         | Ozempic? Same. Exact. Thing.
         | 
         | It's really heartening to hear your experience. Your post
         | really struck me, I felt exactly the same way after getting on
         | a CGM + Insulin Pump for my Type 1 Diabetes. Nobody EVER
         | thought I had a lack of "personal responsibility" or an "issue
         | of willpower" for going low or high on shots of Humilin and
         | NPH.
         | 
         | Thank fucking god for Novo Nordisk.
         | 
         | ---
         | 
         | [1] see: this thread!
        
           | mayukh wrote:
           | Obesity is a side effect of the industrial food production
           | system in advanced economies that is slowly spreading all
           | over the globe.
           | 
           | How about alcohol and smoking ? Is that the same as obesity
           | then
        
             | kps wrote:
             | > Obesity is a side effect of the industrial food
             | production system in advanced economies that is slowly
             | spreading all over the globe.
             | 
             | Yes, for the first time in the millions of years of
             | existence of humanity and pre-humanity, we consistently
             | have enough to eat.
        
               | beagle3 wrote:
               | Is not just "having enough". People in New York had
               | enough to eat for more than 60 years now - more like a
               | 100 years. And ywt, up until the 1980s, obesity was a
               | minor problem.
               | 
               | All standards have since changed. I watched the 1st
               | season of the Simpsons again recently. In one of the
               | episodes, Homer weighs himself and is distressed when
               | discovering he weighs 200 lbs. 30 years later, dieters
               | who cross down from 200 lbs to 199 lbs call it "reaching
               | onederland" and it is considered a huge success.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | The US solved the food problem around 1800, being the
               | first country to end the specter of famine.
        
             | JamesBarney wrote:
             | Neurologically addiction works very differently than
             | obesity and research says longterm sobriety is far easier
             | to maintain than long term weight loss.
        
           | beezlebroxxxxxx wrote:
           | My understanding is that more research is pointing to obesity
           | as, in some sense, a precursor/reaction to the onset of type
           | 2 diabetes rather than type 1.
           | 
           | Once you get to quite obese you're dealing with physiological
           | factors that make losing weight medically difficult from
           | behavioral changes alone. It also makes the chances of "yo-
           | yoing" the weight higher as well. At that point the treatment
           | for obesity overlaps with the treatment for type 2 diabetes.
        
             | mlsu wrote:
             | Yep, it definitely is! I mentioned type 1 because I have
             | it.
             | 
             | As a contrast -- the point was that nobody judges me for
             | having type 1 the way they judge people for having obesity.
             | 
             | As an aside, I notice that sort of "lifestyle/willpower"
             | type framing in discussions about type 2 also.
        
               | DAGdug wrote:
               | There are varying degrees of control over outcomes. The
               | judgment comes from the correlation between an unobserved
               | variable (effort at controlling or preventing obesity)
               | with the observed variable (actual obesity).
        
           | StefanBatory wrote:
           | I was obese myself, and I have different thoughts on that.
           | 
           | For me, it was purely an issue of personal falling and
           | willpower issue. I was obese because of a diet I was
           | indulging in; full of unhealthy things and snacks.
           | 
           | It was due to nobody else but myself.
        
             | ripply wrote:
             | You don't place any blame on the people that marketed and
             | created that diet? Or the regulators who allowed that to
             | happen? At a certain point people's well being and health
             | should come before a mega corporation's profits. The whole
             | world would be better off if unhealthy food was more
             | strictly regulated. Children grow up not learning healthy
             | eating habits that last into adult hood and some never
             | learn them.
        
               | StefanBatory wrote:
               | No, I do not. It was my decision to keep doing so, it was
               | a bad coping mechanism I developed. My actions are nobody
               | else fault but mine.
        
           | fireflash38 wrote:
           | For some people it is clinical. For others it is
           | mental/willpower. That said... It's exceptionally difficult
           | in the modern world to do everything necessary to be at a
           | healthy weight. Things are shoved at you constantly that are
           | terrible for you. It's so, so much easier to eat poorly and
           | to excess. Combine that with dopamine hits from consuming
           | sugar/fat? No surprise people overeat.
        
           | kps wrote:
           | > Not unlike diabetes, celiac, or clinical depression.
           | 
           | The latter is, like obesity, considered a personal failing
           | (being one or more of the Seven Deadly Sins, depending on
           | when you look), and medical treatment elicits similar
           | reactions -- both against it being 'too easy', and in favour
           | of wholesale societal restructuring instead ("That trick
           | never works!" -- Rocky the Flying Squirrel).
        
           | scottyah wrote:
           | The fact that a drug can cause a shortcut is completely
           | normal I think, alcohol can nearly instantly give you the
           | confidence that months of training would take, hallucinogens
           | can give states of mind that monks spend years meditating and
           | breathwork to achieve, steroids give shortcuts to massive gym
           | gains, etc.
           | 
           | I see Ozempic as "taking the easy way out" the same way I see
           | steroids as "taking the easy way out" (except it brings
           | people closer to the norm of a average healthy person and
           | will probably lengthen lifespans).
           | 
           | If you're in it to show mental fortitude for internet/social
           | points, then it is "cheating", but if you're just in it for
           | results it's perfectly acceptable and even recommended.
        
           | ElectricSpoon wrote:
           | > people thinking that taking Ozempic is a personal failing
           | 
           | Considering our society is pushes us toward sedentary highly-
           | caloric lifestyles, I'd say we're set up to fail from the
           | get-go. Therefore the failing is systemic not personal. I
           | wouldn't compare to individual health issues. You can't cure
           | celiac, but you sure could reduce the obesity using policies
           | to drive the food industry toward less-sugar/more-fiber.
        
           | j-a-a-p wrote:
           | The willpower frame actually works pretty well for a lot of
           | people. If not than in our society almost everybody would be
           | obese. This pill will make things worse for the group that
           | hangs out in the treadmills and drinks green and disgusting
           | smoothies.
           | 
           | On topic, very happy this medicine exists, but let's pray god
           | will keep the prescription only for BMI > 35.
        
             | autoexec wrote:
             | > The willpower frame actually works pretty well for a lot
             | of people. If not than in our society almost everybody
             | would be obese.
             | 
             | In the US nearly 75% of the population is overweight and
             | almost half are clinically obese. Sounds like "willpower"
             | isn't working for the vast majority of people.
        
               | j-a-a-p wrote:
               | That is not logical. If willpower fails, how could a pill
               | be a solution? That is like suggesting to give everybody
               | methadon, because the substance dependency issues are
               | just too overwhelming. Or even better, give certain kids
               | from 12 to 6 years old a gun to solve the school
               | shootings issue.
               | 
               | If we give up on willpower, we have no plan b.
        
             | Ygg2 wrote:
             | > If not than in our society almost everybody would be
             | obese.
             | 
             | Isn't that already the case. I'm of belief, the failing
             | isn't individual but societal. You have obese toddlers and
             | wild animals in the US.
             | 
             | I don't think this is a failure of willpower, it's a
             | failure to investigate the actual causes of the obesity
             | epidemic. Maybe it's sugar, perhaps it's highly processed
             | oils, etc. Whatever it is, people aren't investigating it
             | thoroughly enough.
        
               | j-a-a-p wrote:
               | I live in lala land. Obese children are rare, however
               | overweight is 11% and declining from 15% post covid.
               | 
               | The school where my kids go to has zero obese and zero
               | overweight kids (n = 300).
               | 
               | We have Starbucks, McDonalds, Dunkin' Donuts and the same
               | brands like Heinz and Coca Cola. Pizza.
               | 
               | So, I am optimistic willpower can prevent us from a new
               | Ozempic disorder. I suggest to go for willpower and not
               | pills. If willpowers falls short, in my country when a
               | child becomes obese, child welfare steps in. So let the
               | government intervene (yep, you will lose your parental
               | power) with a lifestyle program.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | > people thinking that taking Ozempic is a personal failing
           | 
           | I expect that the people who hold this viewpoint are afraid
           | that their lack of being overweight will not be seen as badge
           | of honor, a sign of superior morals and willpower.
           | 
           | To them I say -- GLP-1 agonists are good for anxiety, too!
        
           | slibhb wrote:
           | > I notice now that there is a LOT of judgement, bias(?),
           | around obesity, that people, obese or not, carry with them
           | [1]. I certainly carried that bias, and the reason I noticed
           | it was because Ozempic is literally an external substance
           | that you take that simply makes obesity go away. So if you
           | believe (like most of us unconsciously do) that obesity is a
           | personal failing or an issue of willpower, an issue of
           | personal merit -- HOW is it possible that a chemical pill, an
           | external chemical process, can SO effectively resolve it?
           | When no amount of hectoring and moralizing and willpower can?
           | My inability to square that circle really changed my thinking
           | about obesity in a fundamental way.
           | 
           | I see no contradiction here. That ozempic works doesn't imply
           | that willpower isn't real or that people can't lose weight
           | via diet and exercise.
           | 
           | > My view: It is a health condition, that people do not
           | choose. Not unlike diabetes, celiac, or clinical depression.
           | We should be focused on how to improve the lives of people
           | who suffer with that health condition. We all agree insulin
           | is unequivocally a good thing; that it's not a "personal
           | failure" or "cheating" to take insulin; that it really is
           | simple as, diabetes is a health condition and insulin is used
           | to treat it. Ozempic? Same. Exact. Thing.
           | 
           | I'm very suspicious of "it's a health condition" applied to
           | obesity, type 2 diabetes, and even depression. I absolutely
           | believe that _some people_ will be able to avoid or cure
           | those  "conditions" by changing their behavior. Of course
           | that doesn't imply that there should be a taboo against
           | medication to help people who can't. But my concern is that
           | "it's a health condition" discourages people from examining
           | their choices and making good ones.
        
           | lottin wrote:
           | It's not just willpower but also lifestyle. It's rare for
           | people who are physically active, and have a balanced diet,
           | to suffer from obesity. I can eat A LOT without putting on a
           | ton of weight, and it's because the types of foods I eat and
           | because I do strength training, which means have a fair
           | amount of muscle mass which acts as metabolic furnace. I'm a
           | little overweight, at the moment, but it'd take a lot of
           | effort on my part to become obese. I think treating obesity
           | as a health condition is the wrong approach.
        
             | rixed wrote:
             | What's the right approach?
             | 
             | Had the right approach better results?
             | 
             | If not, why is it the right approach?
        
             | makeitdouble wrote:
             | > It's rare for people who are physically active, and have
             | a balanced diet, to suffer from obesity.
             | 
             | Looking at it from the other angle: can obese people be
             | active and have a balanced diet ?
             | 
             | The answer is yes. In particular you can be obese and
             | maintain your BMI at the same level while being fairly
             | active and not overeating, that happens a lot with people
             | gaining weight and reacting to it, but without going down.
             | 
             | From the pool of people physically active and with a
             | balanced diet, what's the split of obesity is a question I
             | don't have the answer to, but the lifestyle part doesn't
             | look like a good differenciator to me if we're solely
             | focusing on current obesity.
             | 
             | PS:if you eat a LOT more without gaining much weight,
             | imagine eating a LOT less and see very little change.
        
             | barrkel wrote:
             | It's the other way.
             | 
             | When you eat more than your energy consumption rate, you're
             | less hungry. When you eat less, you're more hungry. You
             | think the activity would stop you getting obese, but it's
             | actually that you aren't hungry enough to overeat, despite
             | high activity.
             | 
             | I'm not overweight, never mind obese. I pay no attention to
             | diet or exercise. If I'm really hungry one day, I can end
             | up overeating something I quickly deep fried from the
             | freezer. And then I barely eat the next day. Not
             | consciously. I'm just not hungry for a long time after I
             | overeat.
             | 
             | Energy homeostasis is the big thing you're not accounting
             | for. Excercise doesn't really do anything much for your
             | weight, just your fitness.
        
             | anon84873628 wrote:
             | It's weird for you to say that "people who have the habits
             | for not being obese aren't obese." What's the real point?
             | 
             | Note that "have a balanced diet" is doing a lot of work
             | here. Our modern environment is saturated with super
             | calorically dense, hyper palatable food. THAT is the cause
             | of the obesity epidemic -- it's not endocrine disruptors or
             | seed oils or office jobs or anything else.
             | 
             | And the ability to refrain from eating cheap processed
             | food, which has been specifically engineered to hack your
             | brain, requires education, discipline, and willpower. As
             | does hitting the gym.
             | 
             | It's not surprising that most people don't innately have
             | this ability, and have ended up sick from it. That sickness
             | is a medical issue regardless of how we got there.
        
           | SirMaster wrote:
           | >My view: It is a health condition, that people do not
           | choose.
           | 
           | If this is true, then why are we so focused on curing it
           | after the fact?
           | 
           | Are we also working on prevention?
           | 
           | If it's not a choice, then what is the cause? And why
           | shouldn't we work on preventing that cause?
           | 
           | I mean it's clean that more people are obese today than in
           | the past right? So what changed to cause that that isn't
           | about people's choice? Why not work on reversing whatever
           | those changes were that caused obesity to increase?
           | 
           | And a separate question:
           | 
           | If it's really not a choice, what would be the approximate
           | rate of obesity among a group or population that all
           | exercised regularly and ate healthy?
           | 
           | I don't think I can be convinced that not exercising
           | regularly and not eating healthy is not a choice.
           | 
           | I just feel like the number of people that would be obese who
           | are regularly exercising and eating healthy would be rather
           | small. And if we agree that exercising regularly and eating
           | healthy is a choice, then it seems at least for many who are
           | obese, it indeed is choice.
           | 
           | I'm not going to say there aren't outliers or other special
           | circumstances, but I still feel like for more people than
           | not, it is indeed a choice.
        
           | buu700 wrote:
           | Personally, I've never seen obesity as a failure of character
           | or willpower, at least as long as I can remember having any
           | particular views on it at all. I see it as a failure of
           | information and choices.
           | 
           | Obesity was rare until the United States officially decided
           | in 1977 that saturated fats were considered harmful. A few
           | years later, it started rising to the current epidemic level.
           | We've come a long way since the American Heart Association
           | was recommending candy and soda as "healthy" alternatives to
           | real food, but the idea that an optimal diet contains low
           | saturated fat and high complex carbohydrates remains firmly
           | entrenched in present-day nutritional and medical orthodoxy.
           | 
           | Imagine a counterfactual where Congress had reached the
           | opposite conclusion, instead recommending a standard diet
           | full of saturated fats, high in salts (both sodium and
           | potassium), moderate in monounsaturated fats, low in
           | polyunsaturated fats, and sparing in carbohydrates. The
           | population and food industry would have moved in an entirely
           | different direction. We'd have a whole different universe of
           | nutritional advice, diet trends, restaurant menu options, and
           | easily available processed foods. A lot would be the same,
           | but large sections of the grocery store would look like
           | lowcarbfoods.com, maybe burger joints would serve mozzarella
           | sticks instead of fries, maybe instead of potato chips and
           | corn chips people would eat pork rinds and kale chips, and
           | maybe instead of rice or potatoes an average dinner would
           | include all manner of delicious fried vegetables. Instead of
           | a low(er)-fat (i.e. high(er)-carb) diet, doctors would tell
           | fat people to try keto. Maybe that timeline's equivalent to
           | trans fat would be sugar alcohols and artificial sweeteners,
           | and governments would ultimately pressure the industry to
           | transition to stevia, monk fruit, and inulin fiber.
           | 
           | In such an alternate universe, I'm sure the food industry
           | would still work overtime to find ways to make many of its
           | products shitty and addictive, and I'm sure the average
           | person would still lean heavily on processed foods and fast
           | food over home cooking and whole foods. I'm sure that would
           | cause its own set of health issues, but what I highly doubt
           | it would cause is an obesity epidemic. It's simply a lot
           | harder to overeat fats than it is carbs. We'd also inherently
           | have less insulin resistance, which means less type 2
           | diabetes, less dementia, and probably a good amount less of
           | mental/neurological issues like depression and anxiety.
           | 
           | Unfortunately, we live in this universe. And in this
           | universe, I find it really hard to blame individuals for
           | struggling with obesity when we've practically purpose-built
           | an environment to make us fat and keep us that way. In order
           | to not be fat (by pre-1980 standards), you either have to win
           | the genetic lottery, be extraordinarily physically active,
           | put a high amount of effort into controlling your caloric
           | intake, or be willing to go against the grain (no pun
           | intended) on what you've most likely been led to believe for
           | your entire life by everyone and everything around you. It's
           | great to fall into one of those four buckets, but on a
           | population scale it should be obvious that the majority
           | wouldn't.
        
             | fortran77 wrote:
             | Do you view a chronic smoker as a failure of character or
             | willpower?
        
               | buu700 wrote:
               | I wouldn't say inherently. Trying and failing to quit is
               | plainly a failure of willpower on some level, albeit an
               | understandable one given varying levels of nicotine
               | addiction. Perhaps it could also be a failure of
               | information (helpful techniques, etc.), although I'm not
               | familiar enough to comment in detail on what quitting
               | smoking is like.
               | 
               | On the other hand, is picking up the habit in the first
               | place, or choosing not to attempt to quit, a failure of
               | character? I'm not sure that's for anyone other than the
               | individual to decide. I personally feel it's unwise given
               | that in 2024 smoking tobacco is pretty much universally
               | known and accepted to be wildly unhealthy, but if someone
               | weighs the tradeoffs and decides that maybe it has social
               | and/or professional and/or mental benefits for them that
               | outweigh the downsides, I wouldn't call that a character
               | flaw so much as a decision that I'd highly disagree with.
               | I'd say the same whether we were discussing tobacco or
               | meth.
               | 
               | ---
               | 
               | Edit: More to the point I now see you were probably
               | getting at, there's a pretty big difference in the
               | knowledge and time/resource investment required to stop
               | buying cigarettes (which costs nothing) and to adopt a
               | low-carb or ketogenic diet that a particular individual
               | would be happy with long-term. I've been keto for over 12
               | years, and I have a routine that I enjoy, know my way
               | around a kitchen, know what foods I like, and know all
               | the right ingredients and recipes to use to create any
               | food I might want to eat in a keto-friendly form that's
               | as good as or better than what I could otherwise buy at a
               | store or restaurant. For example, I make some of the best
               | ice cream I've had anywhere (sometimes in flavors that
               | I've never seen commercially available), and the one time
               | I cheated for a New York slice I was disappointed because
               | it didn't hold up to the pizza I'd already been making at
               | home.
               | 
               | Maintaining my diet takes zero willpower, because I enjoy
               | it even more than my diet from when I was fat, and I
               | never had to starve myself or give up my sweet tooth. The
               | problem is that for that to work it required not just the
               | inclination to research and adopt keto in the first place
               | (a major hurdle in itself), but turning it into a
               | dedicated hobby with development of knowledge and skills
               | that I wouldn't expect the average person to casually
               | pick up. That may work for me, but isn't a scalable
               | solution for the population at large. On the other hand,
               | if I could magically reformulate every food product in
               | the world based on what I know from experience works, no
               | one would struggle to eat a high-fat diet because that
               | would just be the default instead of high-carb.
        
           | itsoktocry wrote:
           | For me, personally, it's that we don't really know the long
           | term effects of these drugs ie are you actually "healthier".
           | But we do know that diet and exercise work.
        
             | bozleh2 wrote:
             | > But we do know that diet and exercise work.
             | 
             | Sure - if you ignore the incredibly poor % of people who
             | comply with a prescription of diet and exercise. If you
             | include compliance then the drugs are way way way ahead.
        
             | makeitdouble wrote:
             | > we do know that diet and exercise work.
             | 
             | Stricly speaking we don't.
             | 
             | This is "common sense" and the official recommendation, but
             | fundamentally we don't have solid long term reproductible
             | experiments[0], and due to the nature of the problem
             | (humans living their life in a complex society) we'll
             | probably never have a good answer.
             | 
             | I've read many many studies spanning a few months and
             | calling it a day (did the subjects rebound ? who knows),
             | other taking a very small and homogenic pathological group,
             | making it follow a strict regimen and end the experiment
             | right after the subjects are let free again. But nothing
             | with an actually rigorous protocol that gives a clear
             | undisputable result.
             | 
             | In a way I feel a lot of researchers are bound to their
             | common sense and think they either don't need to prove the
             | obvious, or it brings them nothing to let the room for
             | controversial results ? (nobody's paying for research that
             | says current policy is dumb)
             | 
             | [0] If you have any double blind study with more than a
             | hundred subjects taken randomly from the general population
             | (including "healthy" subjects), with a control group,
             | spanning more than 3 years of observations I'd be dying to
             | read it..
             | 
             | If you think that's a high bar, obesity is touted to be the
             | worst health crisis the US has to deal with with tremendous
             | impacts, putting at least that much effort into research
             | doesn't seem outlandish.
        
               | CydeWeys wrote:
               | Everyone who's obese has been prescribed exercise and a
               | better diet. It's the quintessential doctor cliche, and
               | yet it indeed hasn't worked for them. GLP1 agonists do.
        
               | arandomusername wrote:
               | > Stricly speaking we don't.
               | 
               | Yes we do, because it works. Exercise burns more
               | calories. Diet limits your calorie intake.
               | 
               | If you rebound into not doing exercise and overeating,
               | that's on you.
        
               | makeitdouble wrote:
               | > If you have any double blind study with more than a
               | hundred subjects taken randomly from the general
               | population (including "healthy" subjects), with a control
               | group, spanning more than 3 years of observations I'd be
               | dying to read it
        
             | cthalupa wrote:
             | We know for sure that obesity is one of the single biggest
             | increases in all-cause mortality. We know it is directly
             | linked to most of the top disease-related causes of death.
             | 
             | > But we do know that diet and exercise work.
             | 
             | Do you think the ~40% of American adults that are obese
             | don't know that they should eat better and exercise more?
             | That they don't understand that they're cutting decades off
             | their life?
             | 
             | Yes, it is 100% within the power of the overwhelming
             | majority of them to fix things. And I think evolution has
             | kept shame with us for a purpose and that it can be a
             | useful emotion. But I also think it's plainly apparent that
             | neither are causing a real reduction in obesity.
             | 
             | So, should all the people in the world that are obese just
             | continue to fail at losing weight despite knowing what they
             | should, in theory, be doing to resolve it? Because, despite
             | being obese being one of the riskiest things you can do in
             | life for your health and lifespan, we don't know if there
             | might maybe be long term effects from something we know
             | will get them to lose weight?
             | 
             | This room is on fire! I could run out that door over there
             | - I know if I open it and go through I'll leave this room
             | that is currently on fire - but, should I? What if whatever
             | is on the other side of the door is just as bad as being on
             | fire, or worse?!
        
           | seer wrote:
           | This is a very American way of thinking about it - not
           | invented here vibes all over.
           | 
           | Of course people don't choose to be obese, but the culture
           | and environment inevitably pushes you to it. A proof of that
           | is that there are places in the world, with similar genes,
           | that don't have the same problem in the degree that US does.
           | 
           | I don't think it is a personal failing, more a collective one
           | - the society itself has chosen a set of environmental
           | factors as desirable (car centric, hectic, individualistic,
           | processed cheap food etc) and it just results in more obese
           | people.
           | 
           | Loose the cars (change to walk / cycle / public transport),
           | spend on food as much as the rest of the world do (adjusted
           | to PPP) and suddenly you don't need ozempic.
           | 
           | It is still weird to me how US choose unironically to develop
           | a drug for reducing addiction, and not putting societal
           | pressure to fix the environmental issues. It's a democracy,
           | people do choose all of that and can't really blame it on the
           | government.
        
             | cthalupa wrote:
             | Obesity is rising rapidly over much of the developed world,
             | both in Europe and Asia, on a trajectory fairly similar to
             | the historical trajectory of it in the US. Obesity in adult
             | men in North Korea more than doubled between 2009 and 2019.
             | The UK is already up to 26% obesity. 36% of adults in
             | Mexico are obese.
             | 
             | America is an unfortunate pioneer in obesity, but it is not
             | even remotely unique to America.
             | 
             | > It is still weird to me how US choose unironically to
             | develop a drug for reducing addiction
             | 
             | Novo Nordisk, the company behind Ozempic, is Danish. (Eli
             | Lilly is American, though, for the tirzepatide drugs.)
             | 
             | I don't disagree with your fundamental premise - a huge
             | amount of the initial conditions for obesity are
             | environmental. But they're incredibly far ranging,
             | incredibly intertwined with modern life in much of the
             | developed world. Unwinding those, even with strong support
             | from the people, would take decades.
             | 
             | We should still do it. But in the mean time, there's a hell
             | of a lot of people that would die earlier than they would
             | if they weren't obese. And a hell of a lot of them can
             | significantly increase their lifespan with the help of
             | these drugs.
        
               | eli_gottlieb wrote:
               | > Obesity in adult men in North Korea more than doubled
               | between 2009 and 2019.
               | 
               | Ok, _someone_ needs to explain how thoroughly non-
               | Western, _undeveloped_ countries, more known for
               | starvation and malnutrition than overabundance of food,
               | are developing an obesity problem!
        
               | GeorgeTirebiter wrote:
               | Must be in the air? Seriously, maybe abundant low-quality
               | sources? AI sez:
               | 
               | The diet in North Korea is characterized by a heavy focus
               | on grains, but has changed over time to include more
               | animal protein:
               | 
               | Grains, Rice, wheat, and maize are the main sources of
               | calories in the North Korean diet. In 1961, over 70% of
               | calories came from grains, and that number dropped to 61%
               | five decades later.
               | 
               | Animal protein Before 2000, North Korea's diet was mostly
               | vegetarian, with meat eaten only a few times a year.
               | However, since 2005, the availability of animal protein
               | has increased, with an emphasis on poultry, pigs,
               | rabbits, sheep, goats, and cattle.
               | 
               | Other foods Popular foods in North Korea include kimchi,
               | red pepper paste, soybean paste, soup, and rice dishes. A
               | traditional meal might include side dishes, a main course
               | like noodles, porridge, or grilled meat, and rice dishes.
               | 
               | Regional differences People in rural areas and mountain
               | valleys eat more vegetables and herbs, while people in
               | coastal areas have access to seafood.
               | 
               | Healthy options The upper class in North Korea favor
               | healthy, balanced diets, including chicken wraps and tofu
               | rice.
        
               | cthalupa wrote:
               | Sorry - this was entirely due to me also talking politics
               | with some friends earlier in the day. Switched up SK and
               | NK when I typed this.
               | 
               | Obesity in adult men in _South_ Korea more than doubled
               | between 09 and 19.
        
               | cthalupa wrote:
               | Note: I meant to type South Korea here, not North.
        
           | ekianjo wrote:
           | The real question is why so many people are obese in 2024 in
           | the US while it was a fraction of the population 50 years
           | ago? And other countries have by far not been affected by the
           | same trend. So effectively something is making people really
           | sick on the US.
        
             | cthalupa wrote:
             | It's simply not true that this trend isn't impacting other
             | countries. Mexico is only 6% behind the US. The UK is 16%.
             | Obesity is rising rapidly in South Korea - more than
             | doubled in adult males between 2009 and 2019.
             | 
             | America pioneered the obesity epidemic, but a huge chunk of
             | the rest of the developed world is doing their best to
             | catch up.
        
         | cactusplant7374 wrote:
         | > I realized that frequent cannabis consumption interferes with
         | the weight loss
         | 
         | Because you eat more or is there some other factor?
        
         | apwell23 wrote:
         | Have you noticed any effect on gastric emptying. As someone
         | with 'tummy issues' ( ibs/gerd ect) i am apprehensive of
         | messing with my digestive systems.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | Not the person you were responding to, but yes. Stomach
           | empties much slower, which seems to effectively make it
           | smaller. A normal size (pre-drug) meal will make me
           | uncomfortably full and probably cause reflux.
           | 
           | That said, I've noticed in the past, and also now on this
           | drug, that my gastrointestinal issues abate noticeably when I
           | consume less food. Thought I had IBS and then I went on a
           | significant diet and lost 40 pounds in 2020. The IBS
           | resolved, and not after I lost 40 pounds -- it basically
           | stopped altogether a matter of weeks after I changed my diet.
           | That was educational. YMMV.
           | 
           | I'm still working out my approach to eating while taking
           | tirzepatide. Old habits die hard, and I'm having to cut my
           | meal size way back. This sucks because my problem with eating
           | too much was about eating too often, or not when hungry, not
           | about binging. So I have to eat pretty small meals now. It
           | will take some adjustment to find the right way to get
           | sufficient nutrition while volume limited, but I think it can
           | be done.
        
           | spondylosaurus wrote:
           | If your IBS is the "stuff moves too fast" variety (so, IBS-D)
           | GLP-1s seem to help a lot since they slow things down. If
           | your problems already stem from things moving too slow...
           | maybe not so much :P
        
         | glenstein wrote:
         | I think this is such a helpful description of the totality of
         | components working together to spur a positive outcome, which I
         | think, at least in my personal experience, is an under-
         | appreciated aspect of using a drug.
         | 
         | I've sometimes heard it said that it's an unhealthy reliance on
         | a drug in place of curbing behavior, but I think it's important
         | to understand it as, among other things, a stimulant to the
         | activation of beneficial behaviors, which can be as critical as
         | the drug itself.
        
         | colordrops wrote:
         | Did you notice that cannabis consumption interferes with weight
         | loss due to interfering with motivation to stick to your health
         | goals? Or did it interfere with your metabolism in some way?
        
           | asadhaider wrote:
           | I can answer this, I've been on Ozempic in the past and
           | prescribed Mounjaro (Tirzepatide) currently (month 3).
           | 
           | I've had a medical cannabis prescription for many years and
           | vaporise up to 3g a day which is quite a bit. It definitely
           | interferes with my cravings for food, as you know the common
           | 'munchies' effect, making me eat when I'm not really hungry
           | or binge snacks.
           | 
           | I gave up on Semaglutide (Ozempic) after a few months, but
           | Tirzepatide is working a lot more effectively and has been
           | better.
           | 
           | Cannabis also helps a lot with the nausea side effect for me
           | which can be particularly bad the first few days going up a
           | dosage every month. It takes six months to titrate from the
           | starter dose to full strength, if necessary.
           | 
           | Also the downside a lot of people don't talk about is that
           | most people need to be on these drugs for life. They also
           | aren't cheap.
        
         | arijo wrote:
         | Cut on carbs and you will have all the benefits without the
         | nasty side effects.
         | 
         | Check https://metabolicmind.org for details.
         | 
         | My own experience with the keto diet -
         | https://www.feelingbuggy.com/p/finding-hope-after-decades-of...
        
           | kerbs wrote:
           | It is not easy on the mind and body as to just cut carbs.
        
             | arijo wrote:
             | I apologize for the shortcut - I should have given more
             | context, though you can validate my assertion by going to
             | this site: https://metabolicmind.org
             | 
             | There is heavy research on the usage of the ketogenic diet
             | for the treatment of metabolic and mental illness.
             | 
             | I've written about my personal story here -
             | https://www.feelingbuggy.com/p/finding-hope-after-decades-
             | of...
        
               | arijo wrote:
               | I also recommend taking a look at this Joe Rogan
               | interview to understand at a deep level all the problems
               | with a drug like Ozempic -
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G0lTyhvOeJs
        
               | BadHumans wrote:
               | Quoting Joe Rogan's podcast instead of literature is not
               | going to go over well here.
        
               | arijo wrote:
               | Check the https://metabolicmind.org site then - you'll
               | find plenty of research based evidence on the usage of
               | the ketogenic diet as a metabolic therapy.
        
               | r3d0c wrote:
               | do ur research bro
        
               | arijo wrote:
               | Not only have I done my research
               | 
               | Youtube Videos
               | 
               | https://youtu.be/PeqQd4_xveI?t=43
               | 
               | https://youtu.be/G0lTyhvOeJs?t=421
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/@metabolicmind
               | 
               | Books
               | 
               | https://a.co/d/cUAgokV
               | 
               | https://a.co/d/32zSKzo
               | 
               | https://a.co/d/acVla0y
               | 
               | As I have been following the ketogenic diet and wrote
               | about it
               | 
               | https://www.feelingbuggy.com/p/finding-hope-after-
               | decades-of...
               | 
               | https://www.feelingbuggy.com/p/my-journey-from-mental-
               | health...
               | 
               | https://www.feelingbuggy.com/p/how-the-ketogenic-diet-
               | helped...
        
           | cgh wrote:
           | I read your experience and it is indeed pretty incredible and
           | I'm happy for you. I've used ketosis strategically for
           | athletic reasons, to cut weight. So we both had strong
           | motivations to use it. But for your typical obese person, it
           | is a tremendous challenge to stick with it and at the end of
           | the day, it's adherence that matters.
           | 
           | Put simply, it's easier to adhere to a drug than to a
           | specific, somewhat anti-social diet.
        
             | arijo wrote:
             | It really helps if you use some LLM tool like ChatGPT or
             | Claude to generate the keto recipes (sometimes with the
             | ingredients you have available).
             | 
             | If you stick to cooking keto recipes for a few weeks you
             | end up internalizing the recipe patterns and you start
             | cooking without even thinking about it.
        
           | fortran77 wrote:
           | This is true, but fat people have a hell of a time cutting
           | out all carbs. For many of them, they'll eat the "low carb"
           | option, and then have an occasional binge and it negates any
           | benifits of low carb, and doesn't put them in ketosis, etc.
           | 
           | I strictly maintain my weight. If I catch it going over over
           | 155# (I'm a 5'10" 61 year3 old male) I'll do a strict cut.
           | And I know that either strictly counting calores OR going to
           | as close to zero carbs will have the same net effect.
           | 
           | But a person who has obesity or is overweight will not be
           | able to follow a diet. They are just incapable of doing so,
           | or will lie to themselves or others about it and claim it's
           | their "metabolism" or a medical condition, etc.
        
             | arijo wrote:
             | I'm 1.78m, 50 years old, my initial weight 2 month ago
             | before I started the keto diet was 154kg and two months
             | later I'm almost 130kg. Eating the same amount of calories
             | as before.
        
               | fortran77 wrote:
               | Yes. But a real keto diet, where you are in ketosis, is
               | impossible for most fat people to follow. They will
               | inevitably cheat ("tee hee hee! It doesn't count if it's
               | birthday cake! I'm so naughty") and be in ketosis.
        
               | arijo wrote:
               | I'm fat, I've been cooking my own keto meals for more
               | than two months, I've consistently been in ketosis and
               | yesterday was my 50th birthday :)
        
               | claudenm wrote:
               | This is an extremely unhealthy rate of weight loss. All
               | guidance centers around .5-1kg/week as both safe and
               | sustainable.
        
               | arijo wrote:
               | Not if you start from an extremely obese starting point
               | like I did. I don't recommend this rate to people with
               | normal weight.
        
               | claudenm wrote:
               | This is also wrong. It's extremely unhealthy, unsafe and
               | unsustainable to lose 15% of your body weight in 2
               | months.
        
               | arijo wrote:
               | Not wrong in my personal case - I've lost those 20+
               | kilograms with no problem to report.
               | 
               | Again, it was not a calorie restriction diet - it was a
               | carb restriction diet.
        
           | Etheryte wrote:
           | This is about as useful as telling someone who's obese to
           | just eat less. Factually yes, it might help them, but
           | practically they're clearly unable to implement it, probably
           | for a plethora of underlying reasons.
        
             | arijo wrote:
             | Implementing a ketogenic diet is not the same as a caloric
             | restriction diet - it's an inversion of the macronutrient
             | pyramid - heavy on fat, moderate on protein and low on
             | carbs.
             | 
             | Even if you consume the same calories as in a traditional
             | diet you'll likely lose weight. Check the
             | https://metabolicmind.org site for more insightful
             | information.
        
             | slothtrop wrote:
             | It's not nearly in the same ballpark.
        
             | Izkata wrote:
             | For Millennials in the US, it might be very useful. We grew
             | up with this food pyramid being pushed at us all the time: 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_pyramid_%28nutrition%29?
             | u...
             | 
             | That's a _lot_ of carbs. Only like 3 years ago did I learn
             | they changed it around 20 years ago to be less carb-
             | centric.
        
               | riffraff wrote:
               | It's super weird I saw this food pyramid in a school book
               | in Hungary (where I live) a couple years ago, and I was
               | wtf?
               | 
               | I'm Italian we eat a ton of carbs, but the pyramid I was
               | shown as a kid decades ago had vegetables at the bottom
               | 
               | https://www.alimenti-
               | salute.it/sites/default/files/sites/def...
        
               | addicted wrote:
               | No one in the US follows the food pyramid.
               | 
               | Go see what people are eating in real life. There are a
               | lot of studies.
               | 
               | Americans eat way more meat, almost no fruits and
               | vegetables, and a lot of carbs.
               | 
               | The point is that the food pyramid has absolutely no
               | impact and pointing to it and making correlations with it
               | is like doing astrology to explain why you broke your
               | hand while playing basketball the other day.
               | 
               | Edit: you do a great job to illustrate how little anyone
               | knows about these food guidelines.
               | 
               | It took you 17 years to even learn they've changed.
        
               | Izkata wrote:
               | > Edit: you do a great job to illustrate how little
               | anyone knows about these food guidelines.
               | 
               | > It took you 17 years to even learn they've changed.
               | 
               | I gave an age range for a very specific reason: That's
               | the age group this food pyramid was pushed hard on kids.
               | I didn't know it changed because I was finishing
               | gradeschool as the change happened.
               | 
               | You don't have to memorize and precisely follow it to
               | have internalized generic things like "lots of carbs =
               | good". They are supposed to be our bodies' main source of
               | energy and there's really no way you can have too much
               | (or so we were taught at the time).
        
           | slothtrop wrote:
           | You can just cut ultra-refined foods i.e. junk foods. No one
           | is getting obese from lentils, broccoli and apples. Even so,
           | avoiding weight gain is one thing and losing weight is
           | another. While it helps to increase ratio of protein and
           | fiber intake for satiety, that in itself does not guarantee a
           | caloric deficit, which is what is necessary for weight loss.
        
             | arijo wrote:
             | If your primary macro consumption is fat, your body will
             | enter a state of ketosis burning fat instead of glucose. As
             | long as your calorie intake of fat is less than your basal
             | metabolism corrected by some factor, you will lose weight
             | and feel satiated - you do not need to follow a calories
             | restriction. Believe me - I tried both ways and the
             | ketogenic diet never left hungry - always satiated.
        
               | slothtrop wrote:
               | I'm aware of how keto works. In fad diets focused on
               | composition, short run WL is typical followed by
               | stagnation. What's one going to do when they stop losing
               | weight, eat negative carbs?
               | 
               | > you do not need to follow a calories restriction.
               | 
               | Weight loss comes down to energy balance. People tend to
               | consume fewer calories at the outset when going low-fat
               | or low-carb (in large part because protein is afforded a
               | higher fraction, and it is more satiating), but clearly
               | that does not mean that you'll always have a caloric
               | deficit. Eventually, you'll need to reduce intake to
               | continue losing weight.
        
               | arijo wrote:
               | Yes I actually used ChatGPT to calculate what would be
               | the required daily amount of calories to achieve my
               | target weight in 6 months - the big difference is I
               | always feel satiated and that the body being in ketosis
               | ensures I'm not accumulating but burning fat.
        
           | alluro2 wrote:
           | I've got to say, pretty frustrating seeing answers like this.
           | It just completely ignores all the real, valid difficulty
           | that people have in fighting obesity. If you "just" follow
           | this diet, that requires discipline, strong will, buying
           | correct supplies, 2h of cooking a day, measuring, counting,
           | adhering to strict eating timeline, for months (years for
           | some people), you'll be golden! There is plenty of research
           | into behaviour changes with obesity and mechanisms that
           | prevent good decision making etc - apart from just the
           | practicality of all of the above in one's daily life with
           | work, kids...
           | 
           | I see in other replies that you've had success in losing
           | weight, and congratulations - but that doesn't mean it can
           | work for everyone else.
           | 
           | I don't look at any kind of "pill solution" lightly, and
           | absolutely think lifestyle changes should be made as well -
           | but I can definitely see how medication like this can help
           | get people on track and get back control. It's very
           | encouraging to hear about psychological effects in terms of
           | self-control, decision making etc. I'm just worried that
           | we'll discover serious negative side-effects before too long,
           | as with previous attempts.
        
             | addicted wrote:
             | And there's no truth to it either.
             | 
             | Cutting carbs only helps to the extent you've reduced
             | calorie intake.
             | 
             | People drop their calories too low, and then they take a
             | cheat week after a year or so where they eat pasta, and
             | suddenly they feel a lot better and they're back to eating
             | more calories and back to gaining weight, leading to yo-yo
             | dieting, which may even be worse than just having a higher
             | than healthy but static weight.
        
               | arijo wrote:
               | That's not true - the ketogenic diet is not a calorie
               | restriction diet. It was invented early last century by a
               | medical doctor to simulate fasting and treat epilepsy in
               | children. Low calorie diet lead to yo-yo dieting which is
               | not the case for keto were you are allowed to eat enough
               | calories to be satiated. The binge eating comes for the
               | oscillating glucose and insulin levels driven by the
               | consumption of refined carbs. Carb addiction is the
               | problem and that's the root cause we should be addressing
               | to stop the metabolic health epidemic that has only been
               | getting worse despite all the pharma profits.
        
               | phil21 wrote:
               | I've done keto a couple times in the past, even back when
               | it was called Atkins. It absolutely was a calorie deficit
               | diet since it was difficult to eat that many calories
               | consistently to go over my BMR for more than a few days
               | at a time.
               | 
               | Friends doing it also had the same experience as I did.
               | 
               | Not saying it isn't as advertised, but everyone on it I
               | knew (n=14 or so) was getting results from fewer calories
               | after we all decided to start carefully logging food
               | intake.
               | 
               | It's a great diet that works, but via other mechanisms
               | for many vs ketosis.
               | 
               | It's still a restriction diet that poses a lot of
               | challenges for most to remain consistent with on a long
               | term basis.
        
         | comechao wrote:
         | I'm not sure if you tried but add a sport, can be table tenis,
         | jiu-jitsu whatever. I did this too after got comfortable with
         | the walks (that I still do).
        
         | siva7 wrote:
         | How do i get this?
        
         | pedalpete wrote:
         | Have you been recommended an exercise regimen, or taken one up
         | yourself? The one the great things about GLP-1s is that with
         | the weight loss, it's easier to be more active once you've lost
         | some of the weight. The negatives is that the current breed
         | promote a loss in muscle mass as well as fat loss, so it is
         | very important to do your best to maintain if not increase
         | muscle while on them.
         | 
         | The next generation of drugs are including 2nd molecule...I'm
         | blanking on the name, and a search isn't bringing it to
         | me...which maintains or potentially increases muscle mass.
         | 
         | But curious what your experience with exercise has been.
         | 
         | I also didn't know there was a planned reduction in dosage, but
         | the expectation is that you'll be on some type of GLP1 for
         | life, is that not right?
        
           | cthalupa wrote:
           | Cagrilintide (paired with semaglutide) and retatrutide are
           | the next wave, though I'm not aware of any research for
           | either indicating an increase in muscle mass.
           | 
           | My understanding of the literature is that there's nothing
           | special about semaglutide or tirzepatide that promote muscle
           | loss - it's just people who lose weight based purely on diet
           | tend to also lose muscle mass. Even bodybuilders lose some
           | muscle mass when cutting.
           | 
           | It's up to the individual to increase their protein intake
           | and exercise, the same way they would in any caloric deficit.
        
             | coffeebeqn wrote:
             | Bodybuilders lose muscle and they do a lot of hypertrophy
             | training and high protein eating to counteract it. Probably
             | the average ozempic taker does neither of those so they end
             | up losing more
        
               | cthalupa wrote:
               | Sure. You're going to lose some muscle mass no matter
               | what you do. And yeah, if you don't do either of those
               | things, you're going to lose even more.
               | 
               | But fat people actually frequently have quite a bit of
               | lean body mass - it takes muscle to carry around all that
               | weight, even if you're sedentary. If I somehow maintained
               | the LBM shown in my DEXA scan at the start of
               | tirzepatide, by the time I got to my goal weight, I'd be
               | looking more jacked than when I was lifting 3 times a
               | week.
               | 
               | Obviously, I won't. I'm adding more and more cardio and
               | lifting back in as my weight is dropping and it becomes
               | more maintainable for my joints, etc., and I've been
               | supplementing protein since the start, and I'm sure I'll
               | still lose plenty. But I have the room to lose A LOT and
               | still be in the healthy range of body fat%.
        
           | phil21 wrote:
           | None of the GLP1s cause more muscle loss than simply losing
           | the same amount of weight without it. It's the rapid weight
           | loss without resistance training that causes it.
           | 
           | If you calorie restricted with the same exercise routine
           | without the drug you'd see the same amount of lean muscle
           | mass loss as you would taking the drug. This spreading of
           | misinformation is actively harming people.
        
         | nessguy wrote:
         | I'm with you on this, tirzepatide has been life changing for
         | me. I've struggled with my weight my whole life and I can
         | actually imagine a future where I lose enough that I'm no
         | longer ashamed of my weight.
         | 
         | I've been on tirzepatide for just over a year now. Before that,
         | I managed to lose 6% of my body weight over the previous year.
         | With tirzepatide, I've lost an additional 17% of my body
         | weight, for a total of 23% over two years.
         | 
         | Tirzepatide isn't a magic drug that just makes you lose weight,
         | it simply makes it much easier to avoid overeating.
         | 
         | It makes the difference between being so hungry that I can't
         | fall asleep and having the ability to just go to sleep.
        
           | gscott wrote:
           | > It makes the difference between being so hungry that I
           | can't fall asleep and having the ability to just go to sleep.
           | 
           | I had this problem as well. Being on tirzepatide I went from
           | 220 to 185 in just six months because my previous insatiable
           | hunger went away. It feels so powerful now choosing when to
           | eat or not.
        
           | riffraff wrote:
           | > It makes the difference between being so hungry that I
           | can't fall asleep and having the ability to just go to sleep.
           | 
           | Forgive my ignorance and curiosity, was the feeling of hunger
           | due to drastic reduction in portion size? Could you not eat
           | some low-calories filling food?
           | 
           | I ask cause I've been overweight and sometimes obese most of
           | my adult life, but when on a diet I usually feel
           | "unsatisfied" but rarely actually hungry, e.g. I can eat a
           | couple carrots or whatever and hunger goes away, but I would
           | still crave a hamburger.
           | 
           | Still, I'm happy for you that you found something that works!
        
             | nessguy wrote:
             | > was the feeling of hunger due to drastic reduction in
             | portion size?
             | 
             | While that was sometimes the case, it wasn't always so.
             | Sometimes the feeling of hunger was almost random, and
             | certainly stronger than it should have been. This was
             | likely caused by insulin resistance.
             | 
             | When I got out of bed because I was too hungry to go to
             | sleep I didn't always make great food choices. I'd tend to
             | eat a 200-400 calorie 'snack', which felt like it wiped out
             | any progress.
             | 
             | Now that I'm on tirzepatide I still feel hunger and
             | cravings, but I suspect it's more in line with what regular
             | people feel. Even if I haven't eaten much during the
             | evening and am a little hungry at night, it's not the type
             | of hunger that stops me from being able to get to sleep.
             | 
             | > Still, I'm happy for you that you found something that
             | works!
             | 
             | Thanks!
             | 
             | I'm honestly in the category of people that have considered
             | weight loss surgery, but I've seen enough problems from
             | that that I've never really wanted to risk the associated
             | problems.
             | 
             | From all the reading I've done it sounds like tirzepatide
             | is almost as effective as weight loss surgery. And people
             | are going to have a hard time convincing me that weight
             | loss surgery is 'safer' than a GLP-1 injection.
        
         | myprotegeai wrote:
         | In the future, this would be indistinguishable from an ad.
        
           | mahin wrote:
           | Or even now?
        
             | myprotegeai wrote:
             | I'm trying to give them the benefit of the doubt that it is
             | a real experience, but yes it currently reads like
             | marketing material aimed at the obese, depressed tech
             | worker.
        
         | blackqueeriroh wrote:
         | I'd like to make a couple of things clear here:
         | 
         | 1) "obesity" has no clear clinical definition, nor is it really
         | a disease. [1] 2) there has been no evidence yet that weight is
         | at all a primary determinant of health [2] 3) Weight loss drugs
         | must be taken forever or it's nearly certain you will gain the
         | weight back [3]
         | 
         | There's a lot of great research these days that shows fatness
         | is not what people think it is, and weight stigma is far more
         | harmful than being fat itself [4].
         | 
         | Also, nobody knows what happens yet if you take these drugs for
         | 30 years, and what we do know is that being fat hasn't been
         | proven to kill anyone.
         | 
         | I'd just say follow the money.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.science.org/content/article/obesity-doesn-t-
         | alwa... [2] https://withinhealth.com/learn/articles/why-body-
         | weight-isnt... [3]
         | https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20240521-what-happens-whe...
         | [4]
         | https://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s1291...
        
         | legacynl wrote:
         | > realized that frequent cannabis consumption interferes with
         | the weight loss, so I've kicked the habit from daily to
         | occasionally on weekends
         | 
         | Did you try to reduce your cannabis consumption before using
         | tirzepatide?
         | 
         | Because although you say(feel) like the realization made you
         | reduce your intake, I can hardly imagine that you were totally
         | oblivious to the fact that smoking cannabis is unhealthy in the
         | first place.
         | 
         | Do you feel like you think less about e.g. cannabis, or do you
         | feel like it's easier to say no to that impulse?
         | 
         | Does it seem to mainly influence health choices or are you also
         | less likely to be angry or does it interact work place
         | interactions?
        
       | lol768 wrote:
       | > How long til we're all on Ozempic?
       | 
       | It's genuinely quite depressing that so many people in the United
       | States have a weight problem that the overwhelming majority of
       | the population would benefit from this and headlines including
       | "we are all" are not inaccurate.
       | 
       | I don't think other countries are necessarily perfect here, but
       | 74% of Americans don't have a healthy weight when you look at
       | their BMI. That's a _staggering_ statistic. Something is
       | seriously wrong societally, and the priority should absolutely be
       | non-pharmaceutical interventions.
        
         | beezlebroxxxxxx wrote:
         | I agree. I think the conversation has unfortunately been
         | dominated by an individualistic strain of moral judgement.
         | Whether so and so, this person or that person, should take
         | Ozempic-like drugs is often discussed in binary terms of near
         | moral and personal failing or not. I think the drugs are
         | helpful to people who really need them --- so long as the
         | people really need them.
         | 
         | The problem is that conversation overshadows the much more
         | important big picture conversation: An entire nation is now
         | becoming synonymous with poor health from obesity and we're not
         | addressing many of the core nationwide reasons for that.
         | 
         | America was once proud of and eager to prove how fit and able
         | its people were. Now the very idea of proper nutrition and
         | exercise is deemed a nonstarter, "impossible", or an imposition
         | on personal liberties. The existence of Ozempic-like drugs
         | should not absolve us from the imperative to change how we live
         | as a nation for the sake of our health.
        
         | downrightmike wrote:
         | We're all depressed and overworked and have been for decades.
         | Food is an escape
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | Add forced sedentarism into that set.
           | 
           | This is not exclusive to the US. The world is trending
           | towards those, and different countries seem to only be at
           | different distances from it, but the same velocity.
           | 
           | Also, industrialized food seems to be much more effective in
           | causing dependency. Food preparation has overwhelmingly
           | shifted into less healthy alternatives (even when they sound
           | healthier in a naive review)... And there's a multitude of
           | low probability high impact possible contributors that nobody
           | knows if are important or not.
        
         | pixl97 wrote:
         | >I don't think other countries are necessarily perfect here,
         | 
         | America first... the rest of the world is playing catch up as
         | quickly as possible.
         | 
         | >In March of 2023, the World Obesity Federation (WOF) released
         | a report(Link downloads document) stating that by 2035 over 4
         | billion people - more than half the world's population - will
         | be obese. >and the priority should absolutely be non-
         | pharmaceutical interventions.
         | 
         | Illegal. Or is should say Coca Cola can and will fight you to
         | the death the moment you try. If you stand between the junk
         | food companies and advertisers you will have an army of lawyers
         | fighting you 'tobacco industry' style for the next 50 years.
         | 
         | Until the shit is off our shelves and out of our ads nothing
         | will change.
        
         | jspash wrote:
         | It really is a sad situation. As an American who spent the
         | first 30 years of life in the US and over 20 in Europe, the
         | difference is striking. However... here in the UK I see more
         | and more "American-sized" people every year. _Something_ is
         | changing. In the food and/or habits of the average Brit.
         | 
         | Anecdotally I would say Europeans as whole are getting ever so
         | slighty larger. But just not at the rate as Americans. Ozempic
         | seems like a god-send.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | > But just not at the rate as Americans
           | 
           | The rate is probably comparable, it's the offset that's
           | different. Won't be long until Europe is where the US is
           | today (though I need to mention, this is regional, for
           | example Colorado is at about 25%, and some European countries
           | are already there).
           | 
           | Even Japan is getting steadily fatter, though they are way,
           | way behind Europe and the US.
        
         | TacticalCoder wrote:
         | > It's genuinely quite depressing that so many people in the
         | United States have a weight problem
         | 
         | I agree.
         | 
         | I'm 51 y/o and still totally fit. Always have been. I am
         | completely in control of what my body intakes. I can fast for
         | 12 hours from waking up until dinner: I do it regularly (as in
         | at least five times a month, probably a bit more).
         | 
         | I did do sport like crazy when I was young but don't even
         | bother that much. Some walking, taking the stairs instead of
         | the elevator, some bicycling, some tennis. But at a gentle
         | pace. "More haste, less speed" (thousands of years old saying).
         | 
         | It's crazy to poison oneself to the point where another poison
         | (that Ozempic drug) is needed to counter the first poison.
         | 
         | I'm not saying it cannot help but sadly there's no way to say
         | it nicely: if you need that, your body controls your mind.
         | 
         | It should be the contrary.
         | 
         | > Something is seriously wrong societally ...
         | 
         | The biggest issue to me is we live in societies (not just in
         | the US) where we victimize everyone. Nothing is never nobody's
         | fault. We find excuses for just about everything.
         | 
         | We should go back thousands of years and read the classics:
         | "healthy mind in a healthy body". Greek philosophers had
         | already figured that in the Antiquity.
         | 
         | Mind over body.
        
       | soulbadguy wrote:
       | As every conversation with weigth management/obesity treatment,
       | there are still people thinking that just more willing power /
       | better habits is what's needed.
       | 
       | To those people I suggest you run an experiment : what ever your
       | current body weigth is right now. Try loosing and keeping off
       | 20%.
        
         | wiseowise wrote:
         | > To those people I suggest you run an experiment : what ever
         | your current body weigth is right now. Try loosing and keeping
         | off 20%.
         | 
         | Easy peasy. I'd be borderline anorexie if I do that, but
         | wouldn't be much of a problem to achieve that.
        
           | switch007 wrote:
           | Are you Dutch by any chance?
           | 
           | Because they seem have a society deeply structured around
           | health, exercise and good eating habits. And they tend to
           | have a "just do X, it's so easy" kind of attitude, forgetting
           | they are benefitting massively from their environment and
           | society and not just will power alone
        
       | highwayman47 wrote:
       | Why can't there be a drug for chronically underweight
        
       | throw4847285 wrote:
       | For a second I thought it said Asterix Mag and started
       | daydreaming about a story where Getafix invents a special magic
       | potion which Obelix can use but it causes him to lose weight.
       | Dargaud, I am available.
        
       | unkoman wrote:
       | Most of us should probably be on appetite suppressors due to the
       | industrial revolution making food more than abundant while
       | pumping it full of empty calories.
        
         | anigbrowl wrote:
         | Just eat regular food. Hardly anything in my diet would be
         | mysterious to a time traveler from 100 years ago, or indeed 200
         | years ago. Occasionally I enjoy chocolate or instant noodles
         | but mostly it's just fruit, veg, meat, dairy, and grains. If
         | you don't know what something is made out of or how, then don't
         | eat it.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | Not a panacea. I stay fat no problem without junk food.
           | Processed foods make me ill, so I make almost all my own
           | meals from whole ingredients. Too many calories is too many
           | calories no matter how you get it.
           | 
           | I'm a pretty good cook, though.
        
             | anigbrowl wrote:
             | Obviously one should not eat too much, but I was responding
             | specifically to the comment about the industrial revolution
             | leading to engineered foods full of empty calories in the
             | grandparent comment. I would personally like to see such
             | food regulated mostly out of existence, but in the meantime
             | I just encourage people not to eat it.
        
         | bowsamic wrote:
         | We have control though, it isn't 100% the environment. Imo
         | that's just used as an excuse
        
       | zombiwoof wrote:
       | Let's all go on it, and steroids
        
       | xyst wrote:
       | Maybe when food shortages become a thing, we can add Ozempic to
       | the water supply to curb people's appetites and reduce demand. \s
       | 
       | Kidding aside, I still think it's extreme for off-label usage.
       | Short term results are nice. But what about the long term? Once
       | patients reach a desirable state, can they be titrated off the
       | medication while maintaining their ideal labs and weight? What's
       | the rate of recidivism?
        
         | rootusrootus wrote:
         | > off-label usage
         | 
         | Off label? Semaglutide is approved for weight loss.
        
       | OptionOfT wrote:
       | As someone who struggled with their weight his whole life, this
       | medication is a god send.
       | 
       | My wife and I cook every evening. We never eat food made in a
       | factory. We buy raw products and spend a good amount of time
       | every day cooking them.
       | 
       | Every morning I wake up and go on a 5 mile hike.
       | 
       | And still weight kept on coming on. Worse yet, I am on ADHD
       | medication, which are amphetamines and actually make you lose
       | weight. Yet... the number on the scale kept on creeping up.
       | 
       | And you know what it is? It's volume. I eat too much. And I have
       | no cookies at home. I have no chips at home. No soda, no alcohol.
       | I drink black coffee with a splash of milk. I don't eat any
       | sweeteners.
       | 
       | I have had weight loss surgery (lap band) which was later
       | reversed as it hurt 24/7.
       | 
       | Now, on ZepBound I lost 20lbs in 2 months. I am not hungry. My
       | brain can actually focus on the things that matter.
       | 
       | Why do we find it acceptable to help people who struggle with
       | alcohol abuse, or nicotine addiction, or opioid addiction, but
       | not to help people who struggle with food abuse?
        
         | ak_111 wrote:
         | "Why do we find it acceptable to help people who struggle with
         | alcohol abuse, or nicotine addiction, or opioid addiction, but
         | not to help people who struggle with food abuse?"
         | 
         | I think it is because if 90% of the population did half of what
         | you do (and kudos for you for doing it), they wouldn't have a
         | problem with weight, you just happen to be one of the unlucky
         | few where it doesn't work and these drugs are useful.
        
           | karmajunkie wrote:
           | there are numerous studies posted in this thread
           | demonstrating exactly the opposite.
        
             | ak_111 wrote:
             | Which studies? I find it hard to imagine that it has been
             | proven that for _most_ people having a low-carb unprocessed
             | meal once a day, no alcohol, and 5-mile daily hikes as the
             | original poster does would would not eliminate sever weight
             | issues.
             | 
             | There are clearly minority of people who can only achieve
             | weight loss using drugs but for most people they can
             | achieve the same effect by a lifestyle change, has this
             | been proven incorrect?
             | 
             | I think the best empirical result for this is to compare US
             | with any other western country (say Japan or France) or
             | even US states with each other, clearly lifestyle plays a
             | huge role in obesity.
        
               | grecy wrote:
               | > _There are clearly minority of people who can only
               | achieve weight loss using drugs but_
               | 
               | Are you suggesting there are people who can burn more
               | energy than they ingest for a prolonged period of time
               | and not lose weight?
               | 
               | That... would fundamentally rewrite everything we know
               | about how mammals consume energy.
               | 
               | Of course not. Nobody needs drugs to lose weight, they
               | need to consume less energy than they use.
        
               | ak_111 wrote:
               | No for example they might have severe food addiction that
               | it makes it hard for them to reduce food consumption
               | otherwise.
        
           | keybored wrote:
           | Commenter: This drug helped me with weight loss.
           | 
           | Commenter 2: Kodus to you. Let me just discount your anecdote
           | as being unlucky and keep my current belief. But again,
           | kudos.
           | 
           | HN threads on weightloss are an utter waste of time.
        
             | OJFord wrote:
             | I don't think that's particularly charitable, GGP said
             | themselves that their issue is volume, that they're doing
             | well in many other ways. GP is saying if everyone could do
             | what they've done, many fewer would have the problem, and
             | so maybe it would have less stigma.
        
               | keybored wrote:
               | > I don't think that's particularly charitable,
               | 
               | As a direct reply to the challenge that the original
               | poster made:
               | 
               | > > Why do we find it acceptable to help people who
               | struggle with alcohol abuse, or nicotine addiction, or
               | opioid addiction, but not to help people who struggle
               | with food abuse?
               | 
               | They said nah, you were unlucky. In other words just
               | dismiss his point outright.
               | 
               | Is that still uncharitable? Then so be it.
               | 
               | > GGP said themselves that their issue is volume, that
               | they're doing well in many other ways.
               | 
               | Yes they said that they have a food addiction.
               | 
               | - The alcoholic said that his problem is the volume of
               | alcohol intake
               | 
               | - The smoker said that...
               | 
               | Then asked why we won't help food addicts. Just waffle on
               | about self-discipline or hint at it.
               | 
               | This question is still yet to be answered.
               | 
               | > GP is saying if everyone could do what they've done,
               | many fewer would have the problem, and so maybe it would
               | have less stigma.
               | 
               | Maybe if those people had more self-discipline. Then
               | maybe there would be less of a stigma.
               | 
               | You're using the rationalized stigma to explain the
               | stigma. This is at best circular.
               | 
               | Maybe we would respect ex-smokers more if they had the
               | discpline to not ingest nicotine gum.
        
             | ak_111 wrote:
             | This is quite snarky. I was giving kudos because the
             | commentator first exhausted all the lifestyle options that
             | extremely often work in reducing obesity to ensure their
             | issue is more than just lifestyle choice then finally
             | taking the drug, rather than short circuiting the process.
             | This is sensible policy in deciding to take any drug for
             | the rest of your life for a chronic illness.
             | 
             | In other words I was giving kudos that the commentator put
             | in a lot of effort to _verify_ that it was an _illness_ in
             | their case.
        
               | borski wrote:
               | It's your assumption that 90%+ of people don't do this
               | that is the issue.
               | 
               | People seem to think that once these drugs became
               | popular, suddenly obese people around the world awoke
               | from a deep slumber, like zombies, and decided to see a
               | doctor for the first time in their lives about their
               | weight.
               | 
               | Please. These people are walking into doctor's office
               | having _given up hope_ because most of them have, to one
               | extent or another, _tried everything_.
               | 
               | Our society does not make it pleasant to be obese, no
               | matter how you feel about body positivity or anything
               | else.
               | 
               | The implication that obese people have never considered
               | or tried eating less, working out more, etc., is in and
               | of itself the problem. It implies laziness and imbues
               | negative morality, when the reality is that _most_ people
               | who are obese know it, hate it, and have tried most of
               | their lives to overcome it, unsuccessfully.
               | 
               | So now that there's a medication that can help kickstart
               | their creation of new habits for the first time in their
               | lives, I don't see how that is a bad thing.
        
               | ak_111 wrote:
               | Where did I make assumption that majority of obesity drug
               | users don't put this effort? I was more saying majority
               | of those who try what the poster tried end up not needing
               | the drug. These two statements are very different and it
               | is a common logical fallacy to conflate them.
        
               | borski wrote:
               | > I think it is because if 90% of the population did half
               | of what you do (and kudos for you for doing it), they
               | wouldn't have a problem with weight, you just happen to
               | be one of the unlucky few where it doesn't work and these
               | drugs are useful.
               | 
               | From https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41813589
               | 
               | It is _simply not true_ that if 90% of the population
               | "tried to lose weight the right way" that they wouldn't
               | have a problem with it. That is an assumption you are
               | making, and the underlying postulate is that that same
               | 90% _hasn't_ tried.
        
               | keybored wrote:
               | > This is quite snarky. I was giving kudos because the
               | commentator first exhausted all the lifestyle options
               | that extremely often work in reducing obesity to ensure
               | their issue is more than just lifestyle choice then
               | finally taking the drug, rather than short circuiting the
               | process. This is sensible policy in deciding to take any
               | drug for the rest of your life for a chronic illness.
               | 
               | > In other words I was giving kudos that the commentator
               | put in a lot of effort to verify that it was an illness
               | in their case.
               | 
               | The illness being addiction/food abuse?
               | 
               | Again we circle back to the question that OP posed.
               | Because I have never seen someone say that they are an
               | alchololic or smoke/tobacco addict and then get told:
               | okay maybe, but first you should put in the work and find
               | out if you _really are_ that.
               | 
               | (Step one: admit that you are an addict. Step two, uh,
               | confirm that you really are?)
        
         | colordrops wrote:
         | Have you every using a calorie/macro tracking app like My
         | Fitness Pal or Cronometer? I was never successful losing weight
         | until I scanned, weighed, and measured every single thing I put
         | into my body and stuck to the target calories and macros
         | entered into the app. Just being aware of exactly how much I
         | was eating was often enough to find the motivation to control
         | volume.
        
           | brianmcc wrote:
           | >> I scanned, weighed, and measured every single thing I put
           | into my body
           | 
           | Not being snarky, but is this truly "better" than a single
           | weekly injection - 10 seconds and done for the week? I do
           | think our wider society sees medications for overeating as
           | "cheating". Perhaps we might benefit from rethinking that.
        
             | colordrops wrote:
             | For preventable diseases in general, prevention and self
             | control should be attempted before medication. There are
             | health benefits besides being skinny, and all medications
             | have side effects. There's nothing inherently wrong with
             | medication, but addressing the root cause should be tried
             | first, and then medication can be introduced if it doesn't
             | work out. It's not an either-or, binary situation.
        
               | paulryanrogers wrote:
               | Self control has gotten harder as the foods on offer have
               | gotten more sugary and dense compared to traditional
               | foods. Produce is also less available and less nutritious
               | than it once was.
        
               | colordrops wrote:
               | No doubt.
        
               | brianmcc wrote:
               | I don't disagree. As I've gotten older though I am just
               | increasingly convinced that for the regular person going
               | about their life, the fight against cheap and terrible
               | and calorie-laden - but tasty! - processed foods is not
               | an even one. Perhaps some form of counter-balance is just
               | not such a bad thing?
        
             | unlikelytomato wrote:
             | There is a reason for that perception. We are regularly
             | finding out how there are damaging ripple effects from
             | drugs that were claimed to be completely safe.
             | 
             | I would compare something like scale measurements to sex
             | education. If kids were all exposed to some period of
             | measurement of foods to learn what they were eating, it
             | would stick. Studies show that ANY form of tracking causes
             | people to make more mindful choices. Everyone I know
             | personally that is taking these drugs uses it as a crutch
             | entirely. They take it and make even worse food choices
             | than before. It's very sad and I worry about the next issue
             | they will cause with this behavior to then stack another
             | medication on top.
        
             | Izkata wrote:
             | There is one way it may be useful, even if only done for a
             | short time: You may not be eating what you think you're
             | eating.
             | 
             | I started doing it mostly out of curiosity, and it turned
             | out one of the meals I thought it was high-calorie was
             | actually lower than my other meals.
        
             | zahlman wrote:
             | >is this truly "better" than a single weekly injection - 10
             | seconds and done for the week?
             | 
             | Yes, obviously. I'm stunned that it needs to be said, but
             | since it apparently does:
             | 
             | 1. You propose taking a medication regularly which is
             | probably completely unnecessary, and paying for it
             | regularly. (This was worse with "metabolism boosters" etc.
             | since the patient would be paying for the medication to
             | have the privilege of eating more, and thus paying more for
             | the extra food.)
             | 
             | 2. Knowing what you eat, and being able to denominate it in
             | calories, is _knowledge_. I thought we were hackers here?
             | My experience has been that ordinary people have some truly
             | absurd ideas about how fattening certain things are or aren
             | 't, or about how much they're actually eating, or about
             | what healthy daily intake ranges, portion sizes etc. look
             | like. (They also have absurd ideas about how much it costs
             | to "eat healthy", as well as about the connection between
             | "healthy" food and caloric intake.)
        
         | globular-toast wrote:
         | I think there's a few factors at play:
         | 
         | 1. People might want to help, but they don't think taking a
         | pill every day for the rest of your life is a proper solution.
         | I'm not aware of any such things for other addictions you
         | mention,
         | 
         | 2. People don't want other people to have it easier than they
         | did. "I had to diet and exercise etc, you should too",
         | 
         | 3. People don't want to help. They want other people to be fat
         | because it makes them relatively more attractive.
        
           | mort96 wrote:
           | re: 1, there are plenty of people who take some medication at
           | some interval for most of their life. People with ADHD,
           | people with type 1 diabetes, most women, ... why do we find
           | that totally unproblematic, but as soon as it's medication to
           | help with obesity (which is a serious medical condition in
           | its own right) it's suddenly such a big problem?
           | 
           | EDIT: And to be clear, there may be specifics with these
           | particular drugs which are problematic, maybe they're by
           | necessity expensive or resource intensive to manufacture,
           | maybe they have problematic long-term effects, I don't know.
           | I'm purely talking about the _general_ aversion some people
           | claim to have regarging taking some medication on an interval
           | to help with a health problem. It makes little sense to me.
        
             | tjpnz wrote:
             | As someone who takes meds for ADHD and would benefit from
             | Ozempic I'm still hesitant. There aren't any non-drug
             | options for my ADHD but there's a proven one for my weight.
        
             | hirvi74 wrote:
             | > _People with ADHD, people with type 1 diabetes, most
             | women, ... why do we find that totally unproblematic_
             | 
             | ADHD medicine is highly problematic. The medications are
             | controlled to ridiculous levels, and there are strong
             | social stigmas against both the condition and the disorder.
        
               | mort96 wrote:
               | Notice how the problematic things with ADHD medication
               | are manufactured problems which don't need to exist.
        
         | taejavu wrote:
         | What kind of food do you and your wife cook? How much meat? How
         | much gluten? Real butter or canola oil infused "spreads"? What
         | oil do you cook with? Vegetable? Sunflower?
         | 
         | If you're eating the right thing for your body, you'll be
         | satiated when you eat your full.
        
           | nawgz wrote:
           | Bodies are highly imperfect and suggesting our digestive
           | system and nervous system are geared for being fit and
           | healthy rather than ensuring survival wrt food is absurdly
           | naive.
        
           | sundvor wrote:
           | (I only cook with extra virgin olive oil which I buy in 5L
           | cans for $$ reasons. A lot of these vegetable oils are good
           | for motor engines only!).
           | 
           | It really depends on you and the activity levels.
           | 
           | I used to ride to and from work - and I would ride hard, a
           | solid 1.5 hour of riding every single workday. Yet this just
           | caused me to gain weight as my appetite just shot through the
           | roof. This new drug would have been SO good for me back then.
           | 
           | These days I find it easier to control my weight with regular
           | strength exercise vs riding, as I tend to go too hard on the
           | riding which causes me to feel famished. And then the control
           | is just hard.
           | 
           | However when I just do (Olympic barbell) weights, a bacon,
           | egg and onion + cheese omelette in real butter and EVOO does
           | the trick to break my IF then, along with a WPI/milk shake- I
           | get stronger and also lose weight. No need to keep eating.
           | However, I'll then do cardio a couple of times per week which
           | tends to undo the weight progress; I guess the real trick
           | would be to stop doing the hard intervals I love on the
           | Kickr, but going slow on the bike is nearly impossible for
           | me. :-)
        
             | arandomusername wrote:
             | Maybe using too much oil in your food? It's got crazy
             | calories.
             | 
             | Eat low calorie (and ideally high protein) after
             | exercising. Fruit and Veg are amazing for this.
        
         | mrshadowgoose wrote:
         | > Why do we find it acceptable to help people who struggle with
         | alcohol abuse, or nicotine addiction, or opioid addiction, but
         | not to help people who struggle with food abuse?
         | 
         | "Getting fit and staying fit" is a form of social capital,
         | because it's extremely hard and only within reach of a small
         | portion of the population. "Being fit" is strongly aligned with
         | "being attractive" which confers all sorts of cross-cutting
         | social benefits.
         | 
         | Some people feel cheated when medication allows others to
         | "effortlessly" join this social club, and then become vile and
         | hateful in response.
        
           | unclad5968 wrote:
           | In what ways is fitness not within reach for a large portion
           | of the population?
        
             | mrshadowgoose wrote:
             | Studies have repeatedly shown that lifestyle modification
             | does not result in sustained weight loss for most.
             | 
             | Not going to waste my time providing sources to remedy your
             | ignorance. You are more than capable of doing this research
             | yourself.
        
               | paulddraper wrote:
               | Nor will I waste time proving the opposite.
               | 
               | Until next time we meet on the internet. :salute:
        
               | JamesBarney wrote:
               | Yeah the problem with providing a study is that proving a
               | negative is so hard. Everyone assumes there exists a
               | successful RCT with a 5-10 year time horizon for weight
               | loss via lifestyle interventions. And there just isn't
               | one, and the only way to know that is to search for one.
        
               | artursapek wrote:
               | How does "burning more calories than you consume" not
               | result in weight loss for most people, lmao?
        
               | sethammons wrote:
               | How do people not realize that the digestive system is
               | dynamic and that as you change the calories in (and the
               | type of calories) that the body changes the out.
               | 
               | You can't outrun thermodynamics. But your body will
               | change its efficiency.
        
               | borski wrote:
               | Because your metabolism changes. If you ate 700 calories
               | per day it would be harder for you to lose weight than if
               | you ate 1400 and worked out.
               | 
               | You'd still be eating less, but retaining more weight.
               | Why? Because your metabolism slows down significantly if
               | you don't fuel it, and that makes it _harder_ to lose
               | weight, not easier.
               | 
               | Most things in life are not binary, and are affected by
               | more than just a single choice.
        
               | artursapek wrote:
               | Yeah. So that's why working out is the solution lol. How
               | is this controversial?
        
               | borski wrote:
               | Because working out, alone, is not the solution. You
               | could work out all day and still not lose a pound. Plenty
               | of studies have shown this.
               | 
               | Moreover, have you ever tried to work out at 450 lbs? No?
               | It is an immense effort, often literally impossible for
               | most people at that weight, and the best they can manage
               | is a walk around the block before their cardio can't keep
               | up.
               | 
               | What then?
               | 
               | See above, where I reminded people (which includes you)
               | that things are rarely binary.
        
               | zamadatix wrote:
               | Proving a negative is a hard and sometimes an annoying in
               | itself ask plus you're probably frustrated with the
               | general attitude to this kind of conversation (especially
               | if your main expectation/experience is others don't like
               | the pill answer out of spitefulness) but that doesn't
               | make this kind of response any more okay here.
               | 
               | For others open to listening to why it's often out of
               | reach: Outside the go-to "motivation" type discussion
               | gravitation (and, keep in mind, not everyone can just
               | 'motivate themselves past their addictions' in the first
               | place or they wouldn't be addictions) it is also
               | disproportionately hard for those struggling in other
               | ways of life (financially, mentally,
               | physically/genetically). Some of these can be cascaded
               | effects, like support systems (e.g.not everyone's partner
               | is willing or able to go all in on it like above). Others
               | can be that it is medically not as easy for some people
               | to lose weight at a given intake amount which makes it
               | just that much harder.
               | 
               | Most people would like very VERY much to be fit. That
               | most still aren't fit should be a good indicator it's out
               | of most's reach to "just eat less" independently. All
               | this said as a person who is not overweight themselves
               | but has been around many people in different situations,
               | abilities, and luck that have left them unable to be so
               | as well.
        
               | wiseowise wrote:
               | Oh well, back to my unhealthy lifestyle because study of
               | some thousand something in one country said it's
               | impossible to change!
        
               | unclad5968 wrote:
               | I didn't ask if lifestyle modification resulted in
               | sustained weight loss. I asked in what ways is fitness
               | not accessible to the majority of people.
        
             | timeinput wrote:
             | Something like 15% of the world lives in extreme poverty.
             | This is darn near the best it's been in the history of the
             | world (there used to be much more poverty by percentage),
             | but this group would likely have trouble being fit. They
             | might be skinny, but surely not fit.
             | 
             | Ignoring that extreme the questions maybe different: How
             | many hours does a median person have free from work,
             | commute, and sleep? How much time must be spent managing
             | exercise and diet to achieve fitness?
             | 
             | I think if you took the time to answer those questions for
             | the median or modal non-impoverished person in the world
             | you might find that fitness is actually quite difficult to
             | achieve.
             | 
             | It seems really hard in the US.
        
               | itsoktocry wrote:
               | I don't understand, impoverished people aren't taking
               | Ozempic, either.
        
               | laeri wrote:
               | Parent poster wasn't referring to Ozempic but a general
               | healthy lifestyle. Which requires resources many people
               | do not have such as time, money, education etc.
        
               | cashsterling wrote:
               | The work-life balance & climate in some areas of the US
               | (and other areas of the world) does make it hard to
               | exercise... but that's only part of the story.
               | 
               | Eating healthier requires very little extra time: perhaps
               | 2-3 hours a week for shopping and meal prep.
               | 
               | - making a salad take 5 minutes.
               | 
               | - baking 10 meals worth of chicken takes 30-45 minutes,
               | with about 5-10 minutes of actual prep time.
               | 
               | - baking a few meals worth of salmon, or some other fish
               | is about the same as chicken.
               | 
               | - cutting up an apple takes 1-2 minutes. Bananas, peaches
               | are ready to go, almost no prep required.
               | 
               | - steaming fresh broccoli takes 3-5 min of prep... and
               | about 15-20 minutes total.
               | 
               | - Equally important is making small decisions to avoid or
               | limit less healthy foods, which requires no time at all
               | and often saves us money [that we can spend on healthier
               | foods instead].
               | 
               | Exercising: 30-60 minutes a day, most days, is ideal but
               | anything is better than nothing. A morning and evening 20
               | minute walk is great place to start (and can be so
               | relaxing). If a person spends time on Hacker News, they
               | could instead allocate that time to exercise. There are
               | free 15 minutes yoga videos on Youtube. A set of push ups
               | requires 60 seconds. Sometimes I do body weight squats at
               | my desk at work (especially during Teams calls, camera
               | off of course).
               | 
               | Sleep: get at least 7 hours of sleep a night... ideally
               | starting to bed before 11pm. more sleep gives us more
               | energy to put towards being awesome during the day and
               | more energy for exercise and doing the extra work to eat
               | better.
               | 
               | I think almost everyone can set aside 6-10 hours in their
               | week towards building their health. It is a matter of
               | priorities... a person's health should be one of their
               | top priorities.
        
             | beeboobaa3 wrote:
             | just look around outside
        
             | aucisson_masque wrote:
             | Fitness require making efforts and determination.
             | 
             | Taking a pill doesn't.
             | 
             | That's why it will always be out of reach of some people.
        
             | cashsterling wrote:
             | Fitness is in reach for almost everyone on Hacker News.
             | There are folks who have serious health issues or
             | disabilities that preclude exercise... but the rest of us
             | [the majority?] can walk more, do body weight squats, some
             | form of incline push ups, and so forth and build larger
             | successes on top of smaller ones. We can start by taking a
             | morning and evening walk.
             | 
             | We all can make healthier decision about what food we put
             | into our bodies (a lot could be done to make our food
             | supply healthier, as well). I find I have to be more strict
             | about eating right as I get older to maintain my health.
             | 
             | I feel like folks saying 'fitness' isn't in reach [for
             | most/many of us] is a cop out. This is anecdotal, but i
             | know people who have lost 100+ lbs in their 40's and 50's
             | and completely turned their life around; I know people who
             | have reversed Type-2 diabetes through diet and exercise.
             | These people have busy lives with a lot of
             | responsibility... some of these people live in city areas
             | where access to gyms or outdoor spaces for walking, etc. is
             | not convenient.
             | 
             | I have a few doctors and other medical professionals in my
             | family... knowing what I know, I am 'almost terrified' of
             | becoming metabolically unhealthy and overweight. Many of
             | the maladies that afflict us are metabolic disorders (in
             | whole or in part) due to the long term effects of poor
             | diet, lack of exercise & quality sleep (high stress doesn't
             | help either). Poor metabolic health tremendously increases
             | risk of almost every disease and malady: diabetes, heart
             | disease, heart attack, dementia & Alzhiemer's, many
             | cancers, stroke, depression and other mental illnesses,
             | sleep apnea, susceptibility to infectious disease, etc.
             | Poor metabolic health also indirectly leads to higher
             | likelihood of issues causing chronic pain: e.g., herniated
             | discs in the spine, ankle/knee/hip problems, migraine
             | headaches.
             | 
             | I'm glad Ozempic exists but it is not a cure... it is an
             | aid towards building a healthier life. Use Ozempic as a
             | tool, by all means!!, to start your journey and get
             | yourself into a better situation physically. But please use
             | that good start to pursue the 'best/healthy you'... do it
             | for yourself.
        
           | unlikelytomato wrote:
           | I would say my concerns are far more in the range of
           | downstream effects from the medication. Specifically, I am
           | concerned with muscle retention. Concerns aside, it's a
           | little hard of an argument to swallow having visited many
           | other countries where these things are simply not an issue.
           | How can it be argued that the cause is anything other than
           | behavior when so many others are doing just fine? There is
           | more to this story than painting people as evil.
        
             | billyjmc wrote:
             | The "more to this story" is likely endocrine disruptors in
             | addition to (and associated with) the other "behavior"
             | issues you're alluding to.
             | 
             | And our answer to it is... another endocrine disruptor. But
             | this time we'll call it something else (GLP-1 agonists) and
             | laugh all the way to the bank.
        
             | bozleh2 wrote:
             | > How can it be argued that the cause is anything other
             | than behavior when so many others are doing just fine?
             | 
             | Aren't you are ignoring the way western society influences
             | behavior? eg lack of walkability of suburbs, massive price
             | difference between fresh and processed foods, constant
             | advertising of junk food & alcohol.
        
               | wiseowise wrote:
               | How do people move around cities? They teleport?
               | 
               | Where there's a will there's a way.
               | 
               | > constant advertising of junk food & alcohol.
               | 
               | Nobody is forcing you to eat those.
        
               | ruraljuror wrote:
               | > Nobody is forcing you to eat those.
               | 
               | No, I think force feeding junk food is pretty rare but
               | that seems like a straw man.
               | 
               | Consider children. Their brains are not fully developed
               | and they have little agency in determining the food they
               | have access to. Childhood obesity is on the rise. So
               | blame the children's choices?
               | 
               | Ok, sure, blame the parents. I agree of course it is the
               | parents responsibility, but the cards are often stacked
               | against parents by big corporations with government
               | subsidies (in the us).
               | 
               | It's really weird to me to argue that this is completely
               | a problem at the individual level and not a social one--
               | and I see no other way to interpret your comment.
        
               | wiseowise wrote:
               | > Consider children. Their brains are not fully developed
               | and they have little agency in determining the food they
               | have access to. Childhood obesity is on the rise. So
               | blame the children's choices?
               | 
               | Been there. It's always bad parenting. I had to fix
               | shitton of issues myself, because of idiot parents.
        
               | borski wrote:
               | > Where there's a will there's a way.
               | 
               | Yeah? Even if I'm disabled, I should got for a walk, just
               | because I want to?
               | 
               | Pretending the world is binary is a fun exercise, but it
               | is always untrue.
        
               | wiseowise wrote:
               | We're talking about people who are able but unwilling to
               | make the effort.
        
               | borski wrote:
               | Are we? Because most people have this conversation and
               | talk about people they _think_ are able and unwilling,
               | when in reality the _vast_ majority are willing and
               | unable, for one reason or another.
        
               | ruraljuror wrote:
               | Not sure why you are downvoted. I had the same question
               | about who's behavior we are referring to. Attributing
               | obesity simply to individual behavior and choices is
               | pretty myopic. Just look at government subsidies for
               | corn. There are larger forces than the individual at
               | play. This is a social problem.
        
             | pizza wrote:
             | It seems the article is now behind a paywall (can only get
             | a reddit link w/ a screenshot atm [0]) but there was a
             | study that showed body composition after 25% weight loss in
             | terms of fat mass and fat-free mass (and the portion of
             | fat-free mass that was skeletal muscle mass) after
             | traditional several interventions, and also compared the
             | breakdown of weight lost in terms of FM and FFM for several
             | GLP-1 medications:
             | 
             | - diet alone
             | 
             | - diet + extra protein
             | 
             | - diet + exercise
             | 
             | - retatrutide
             | 
             | - tirzepatide
             | 
             | - semaglutide
             | 
             | tldr is that, despite some muscle loss, muscle as a
             | percentage of body composition is higher (~50% FFM at
             | start, whereas weight lost with GLP-1 meds ranged from
             | 25%-39% of muscle). It also seems like the muscles will
             | likely function better with less insulin resistance:
             | 
             | > _Intentional weight loss causes a greater relative
             | decrease in body fat than FFM or SMM, so the ratio of FFM
             | /SMM to fat mass increases. Accordingly, physical function
             | and mobility improve after weight loss despite the decrease
             | in FFM/SMM, even in older adults with decreased FFM and SMM
             | at baseline. In addition, weight loss improves the
             | "quality" of remaining muscle by decreasing
             | intramyocellular and intermuscular triglycerides and
             | increasing muscle insulin sensitivity_
             | 
             | https://www.reddit.com/r/tirzepatidecompound/comments/1dtzr
             | 2...
        
               | jvanderbot wrote:
               | How will the person have less insulin resistance when
               | GLP-1 medications stimulate the release of insulin?
               | 
               | It seems to me we're curbing eating by flooding with
               | insulin, when one of the big damaging effects of
               | overeating is insulin floods. (Or perhaps I'm misreading,
               | perhaps insulin floods are only bad b/c they cause
               | insulin resistance which causes more overeating?)
        
               | borski wrote:
               | You aren't being flooded with insulin with the GLP-1
               | meds. You have food in your body, but my insulin levels,
               | on average, are possibly lower than yours (if I'm in need
               | or a GLP-1 med) despite eating the same amount.
               | 
               | A GLP-1 med stimulates the release of insulin _slowly_
               | over a sustained period of time, not just as a massive
               | spike when I eat.
               | 
               |  _Everyone_ (that isn't diabetic) has a massive insulin
               | spike when they eat something that spikes their glucose.
               | GLP-1 meds don't make that better in any way.
        
             | onionisafruit wrote:
             | Are you saying that us fatties should move to those other
             | countries where our "behavior" will be kept in check?
        
               | unlikelytomato wrote:
               | I don't understand the hostility. I am attempting to
               | discuss the topic on a discussion site. My point is not
               | too instruct any one person on what the exact correct
               | solution is. However, I find the selective vision with
               | this topic to be dishonest and ultimately damaging to the
               | conversation(and progress by extension). One can still
               | come to the conclusion that drugs tip the balance
               | positivity enough to use them without sweeping other
               | realities under the rug.
        
             | edanm wrote:
             | > Concerns aside, it's a little hard of an argument to
             | swallow having visited many other countries where these
             | things are simply not an issue.
             | 
             | Which countries? As far as I know, most Western countries
             | have roughly similar issues with obesity, at least
             | directionally.
        
               | Veen wrote:
               | It can be quite eye-opening to travel from say, the UK to
               | Hungary. Walk down a busy street in London and you'll see
               | many overweight people. Walk down a similar street in
               | Budapest, and you'll see very few.
        
             | jvanderbot wrote:
             | This is the essence of the moral argument: Someone chooses
             | to abuse a substance, they become a more frequent abuser,
             | and the abuse piles up damage, which the person ignores to
             | continue abusing.
             | 
             | The essence of the argument against drug interventions is
             | that the root cause is personal choice, and therefore a
             | drug is a shortcut or crutch and does not address the root
             | cause.
             | 
             | Many people feel that the real cause is the structural
             | changes to the person's brain, body, and daily routine that
             | reinforce, and are reinforced by the initial tiny over-
             | consumption, which compounds over time. It's like a debt
             | where you are stuck paying interest, no matter how much
             | you'd like to pay off the debt. Addiction is a system in
             | which the person's willpower goes against everything they
             | have set up over decades. It's unreasonably challenging for
             | nearly everyone to walk it all back. Insulin resistance is
             | one of the most pernicious effects of even small over-
             | eating over time. The body and mind do not feel satiated
             | even though enough calories have been consumed. It's not "I
             | would enjoy another slice of pizza", it can be "I am still
             | starving".
             | 
             | And yes, the environment in which we live, where it is less
             | stigmatized to overeat, and food is treated a certain way,
             | more like a drug than fuel, is part of that system.
        
           | zero-sharp wrote:
           | >Some people feel cheated when medication allows others to
           | "effortlessly" join this social club, and then become vile
           | and hateful in response.
           | 
           | Nice one. I think it's a bad idea to be dependent on drugs
           | for something you can achieve on your own, especially if the
           | drugs don't have a long term safety profile. Pretty sure I
           | read somewhere that they don't. If you're going to use them
           | for a short period of time, that's fine. Don't say nobody
           | warned you if that doesn't pan out though (or worse, you have
           | a bad drug response).
        
           | l2silver wrote:
           | > Some people feel cheated when medication allows others to
           | "effortlessly" join this social club, and then become vile
           | and hateful in response.
           | 
           | I don't think this is just about a social club. Battling
           | weight loss and habits is foundational to the human
           | experience from the most recent centuries. Be it drugs, or
           | anything else really that changes the nature of these
           | challenges, people are going to feel discomfort because it's
           | an attack on their understanding of the world, and in some
           | ways, their beliefs.
        
             | cromka wrote:
             | The idea is this drug _kick starts_ people to form new
             | habits going forward. As witnessed by other commenters I.
             | This thread as well.
        
               | borski wrote:
               | Precisely. It doesn't do the work for you.
        
           | jajko wrote:
           | This is funny how black & white some folks here want the
           | world to be painted if it suits them.
           | 
           | You know by far the biggest benefit of doing hard workouts or
           | doing extreme sports? Its not muscle mass nor how much they
           | lift. Its about how it changes your personality, resilience
           | to mental or physical suffering and ease of overcoming it.
           | You know, hardest part of doing anything is winning the
           | mental resistance game and just start it. Keep doing this
           | every day in various forms for decades... A _very_ strong
           | resilient personality under various circumstances is almost
           | an unavoidable result if you are putting in enough effort.
           | 
           | If somebody can't even stop themselves buying and paying for
           | junk food at grocery store or has to overeat constantly
           | otherwise getting anxious, that part of personality is
           | missing and another, less desirable is present.
           | 
           | Who would you prefer to have as a close colleague you depend
           | on, life long partner, a close dependable friend? Who do you
           | think women would prefer subconsciously? Societies have
           | always some form of castes, even hardcore communists have/had
           | them, in US one of very popular is based on
           | career/income/wealth. And this is just another dimension or
           | caste, so let's not act like we are not humans with flaws and
           | subjective preferences, we don't give our respect out for
           | free.
           | 
           | These medication help with none of above, in fact they
           | strongly reinforce such behavior and personality traits. But
           | to each their own. One benefit I can see that they could
           | start / help with movement from former to the latter, but
           | that's rarer than people like to admit.
        
             | borski wrote:
             | That's cute. You know nothing about me, but assume I'm not
             | resilient.
             | 
             | I have achieved much, largely due to my resilience. It
             | would be very difficult to argue, after growing up very
             | impoverished and getting to where I am today, that I am not
             | resilient.
             | 
             | I played sports, lots. I competed in martial arts.
             | Resilience isn't my issue.
             | 
             | But thanks for telling me I have a moral problem I don't
             | have, instead of perhaps considering that what people are
             | telling you might be the truth.
             | 
             | You don't always know better, even if it flies in the face
             | of what it is you do know.
        
           | user3939382 wrote:
           | It's only within reach of a small portion because of
           | industrialized food. Look at a graph of obesity rates in the
           | US over several decades. Find literally any picture of people
           | at any beach in the US in the 60s or 70s versus now.
        
         | dj_gitmo wrote:
         | > And still weight kept on coming on. Worse yet, I am on ADHD
         | medication, which are amphetamines and actually make you lose
         | weight. Yet... the number on the scale kept on creeping up.
         | 
         | The therapeutic amphetamines dosages for ADHD is below the
         | threshold required for produce meaningful weight loss. It's not
         | surprising that it didn't help you lose weight.
        
           | theshackleford wrote:
           | > The therapeutic amphetamines dosages for ADHD is below the
           | threshold required for produce meaningful weight loss.
           | 
           | That's not been my experience at all. My dosage absolutely
           | significantly suppresses my appetite and always has. This has
           | directly led to sustained weight loss. It did so badly enough
           | at one point that I was _underweight_ significantly.
           | 
           | I have to force myself to eat on my meds, even though the
           | thought often makes me ill.
           | 
           | I'm on 30mg dexamfetamine daily.
           | 
           | "Dexamfetamine can make you want to eat less, so you may lose
           | weight while taking it.
           | 
           | Some people gain weight, but weight loss is more common."
           | 
           | Doesn't seem to be hit everyone but equally doesn't seem
           | rare.
        
         | archsurface wrote:
         | You mention types of food but not quantities. A boat load of
         | healthy food is still going to have an effect. Also, I for one
         | don't consider walking to be exercise. It's fake exercise for
         | people who don't like exercise to claim they exercise. My
         | reason is that I cycle for eight months of the year then walk
         | during the rainy months. By the end of the rainy months I get
         | back on the bike and my fitness level is catastrophic -
         | nothing. I've done this for five years, and have to say walking
         | is just not good enough for exercise, not even close.
        
           | brianmcc wrote:
           | To be fair OP did say:
           | 
           | >> And you know what it is? It's volume. I eat too much.
        
             | archsurface wrote:
             | I missed that.
        
           | jart wrote:
           | What about someone who's carrying 100+ pounds of excess body
           | weight? Would you consider walking to be fake exercise for
           | them? I'd say that's a more heroic workout than joy riding.
        
             | archsurface wrote:
             | I've seen such people jogging - intervals - short jog,
             | short walk, short jog, ... They didn't look comfortable,
             | but when I'm cycling uphill toward the end of a hard ride
             | with nothing left in the burning legs I start grimacing
             | too. What do you want? No free lunch.
        
           | phillipcarter wrote:
           | Can't speak for OP, but generally speaking there's a lot of
           | variability in peoples' perceptions of healthy food and
           | caloric density. For example, a lot of people see nuts as
           | health food, and yet they're some of the most calorically
           | dense foods you can eat! Another example would be to crack
           | open the Ottolenghi cookbook and make the delicious Lamb
           | Siniyah, which among other things calls for a large amount of
           | Tahini mixed with lemon juice to create a delicious crust
           | over the top of the stew. Delicious, but _incredibly_
           | calorically dense.
        
             | tightbookkeeper wrote:
             | I think healthy/unhealthy food dichotomy is psychologically
             | the same as religious dieting. It fosters feelings of
             | purity, self control, and is a form of in-group signaling.
             | 
             | But our bodies grind down substances to extract calories.
             | It's a simple mechanism. You can eat McDonalds everyday if
             | you manage intake.
        
           | arandomusername wrote:
           | walking is exercise in the sense that it burns calories,
           | specially when you're overweight as it's like having a 30kg
           | (or more/less) backpack with you. Bonus points for incline.
           | 
           | But yeah, it's not HIIT. You won't really build up your
           | fitness level by walking - it's not demanding enough. You
           | need to be pushing yourself until you're out of breath, if
           | you want to build up your cardiovascular health.
        
         | ip26 wrote:
         | _Why do we find it acceptable to help..._
         | 
         | I think if the widely available help for alcoholics, smokers,
         | or opioid addicts mainly mitigated the negative consequences -
         | enabling them to drink, smoke, or dope more - it wouldn't be
         | nearly as acceptable.
         | 
         | I personally expect weight loss medication that simply makes
         | people want to eat less will reach cultural acceptance.
         | 
         | Case in point, cigarettes have been known to suppress appetite
         | for ages, and people have elected to smoke to help stay thin
         | for decades. There was never any crushing social stigma
         | attached to doing this as a weight loss strategy (that I know
         | of).
        
           | aeonik wrote:
           | wait, I thought that's exactly what ozempic did...
        
         | omikun wrote:
         | I think a lot of it is dealing with hunger. If you can't stand
         | being a little hungry, never mind very hungry, no diet will
         | really help. I used to love being very hungry, not sure how I
         | got there, but I wish I can go back there again. Having very
         | little carbs and temptations in the house helps. Unfortunately
         | it's not up to only me.
        
         | larodi wrote:
         | Perhaps the first person on HN who actively and without shame
         | pays attention to the fact that Adderall is a very nice amphet
         | cocktail. Surprising though you don't loose wait with it, sad
         | also given the circumstances. But I envy you a little cause
         | such ADHD boost is only illegal in EU.
         | 
         | Sometimes I wonder if it was a some neat trick by US gov to
         | diagnose and put 1/5 of the population on amphetamines (2024
         | data +60mil prescriptions of Adderall), so that most everyone
         | who is actually like smart or sensitive or anything of value to
         | the industry, can (almost) freely microdose on it and as a
         | result increase productivity.
         | 
         | Which... means 1/5 of the population suddenly increases output.
         | Perhaps we all'd be on Aderall at some point, dunno bout the
         | Ozempics...
        
           | dahinds wrote:
           | I think you're incorrectly assuming that one prescription =
           | one person. Far less than 20% of the population is taking
           | Adderall, this CDC study says 4% in 2021.
           | 
           | https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7213a1.htm
        
             | larodi wrote:
             | Yes you are right. One prescription gives one person access
             | to pills and then they resurface for many others on the
             | black market. You can be absolutely sure it's very popular
             | among STEM students, not the least because they can
             | understand why would they need it. I can only imagine the
             | pressure to stay in Ivy League university, would totally
             | make it reasonable to use one if you do five exams in a
             | row.
             | 
             | Since you can find it being sold at raves in EU I'm
             | absolutely sure a) it works; b) not convinced only one in
             | five prescribed takes it and all other toss it in the
             | toilet; c) there's a surge in use and demand.
             | 
             | When I also found my high profile friend working FAANG for
             | years, who's straight edge and goes regularly to church's
             | is taking it for productivity boost, and happy about it...
             | well I realised what actually is happening.
             | 
             | Indeed the good thing about adhd is tis a very vague
             | diagnosis. And yes it works well on many undiagnosed
             | people, and particularly in countries where ADHD is not a
             | recognised ontology.
             | 
             | So let's be real and honest.
             | 
             | Besides media is hyping in September'24 about dangerous
             | shortage of Adderall as if people are left with no access
             | to vitals. It is hyped more than the fact that coffee
             | prices are likely to double and triple in months to come.
        
           | dahart wrote:
           | > 1/5 of the population suddenly increases output
           | 
           | I've heard studies show Adderall doesn't help people without
           | ADHD... googling now seems to confirm. Apparently lots of
           | people, especially college kids, take it thinking it will
           | help, but it actually can slow them down.
        
             | hirvi74 wrote:
             | My understanding is the amph. works the same in everyone -
             | minus the edge cases.
             | 
             | The main difference is that the magnitude is greater in
             | people with ADHD than those without. A reduction in
             | hyperactivity, for example, is not really apparent in
             | people that are not overtly hyperactive to begin with.
             | 
             | Beside, ADHD is kind of a nebulous label for a lot of
             | symptoms. Having ADHD vs. not having ADHD is not exactly
             | binary.
        
               | dahart wrote:
               | "Taking 'Smart Drugs' Like Adderall Without ADHD Actually
               | Decreases Productivity"
               | 
               | https://www.forbes.com/sites/darreonnadavis/2023/06/14/ta
               | kin...
        
               | throwup238 wrote:
               | _> a new study finds that using these drugs while not
               | suffering from attention-deficit /hyperactivity disorder
               | decreases productivity and increases the amount of time
               | needed to complete tasks._
               | 
               | People using it for studying don't take adderall to be
               | more productive, they take it to be productive for much
               | longer. It's a stimulant that keeps you up all night and
               | lets you study, not makes your studying more efficient.
        
               | borski wrote:
               | That is not true. Vyvanse, caffeine, etc., helps my brain
               | calm down and focus. I don't get hyper. In fact, if I
               | have too much caffeine, I start yawning.
               | 
               | My wife, who does not have ADHD (at all), gets hyper from
               | stimulants.
               | 
               | That's the difference.
        
               | Solvitieg wrote:
               | That's the difference between two individuals, not
               | necessarily the difference between having ADHD and not
               | having ADHD.
               | 
               | Being tired after drinking caffeine is common.
        
               | borski wrote:
               | I am not suggesting anyone use their response to
               | stimulants as a diagnosis of ADHD. However, speak to
               | anyone who has it and they will relay that stimulants
               | make them calm, not hyper.
               | 
               | People without ADHD get hyper, not calm. Some others also
               | get calm.
               | 
               | But people with ADHD who take stimulants do not get
               | hyper.
        
             | molochai wrote:
             | Not a study, but this article was enjoyable. Some of the
             | experiences there say it made their writing overly
             | perseverative on detail, too expansive, too many edits and
             | re-writes. Sort of faster in the short term but slower over
             | the long term?
             | 
             | https://pioneerworks.org/broadcast/club-med-adderall
        
           | keybored wrote:
           | > Maybe the government is looking out for smart people (me)
           | by helping them be productive in their work for their
           | employer or themselves
           | 
           | Weird daydreams on this site.
        
         | dehugger wrote:
         | Seconding Zepbound, it has been absolutely life changing for
         | me, and not only in terms of weight loss. It's expensive, but I
         | am blessed with a tech salary that can afford it.
        
         | squidgedcricket wrote:
         | Would you mind sharing what your diet was like as a child?
         | 
         | I wonder if there's a connection between diet during
         | development and adult processing of and cravings for food.
         | Maybe eating candy for breakfast (cookiecrisp!) every day in
         | elementary school messed a bunch of us up.
        
           | sexy_seedbox wrote:
           | Not OP, but I ate sooo much Kellogg's and General Mill's
           | sugary products in high school for breakfast (pop tarts, eggo
           | waffles, all the disgusting cereals you can name...), but I
           | took Centrum daily and played a ton of basketball after
           | school. Almost 1 can of coke a day after school. No heath
           | problems as an adult. But of course, genetics come into play
           | as well, no overweight parents or relatives.
        
         | mixmastamyk wrote:
         | Try a very low carb diet. Only eat until 80% full at mealtime.
         | Get down to two meals a day, with a goal of only one. Fast the
         | other times. This sounds hard but once you get to ketosis it is
         | not that hard at all. Not hungry naturally, like the drug
         | response.
         | 
         | Truth is, we really don't need more than one meal a day (maybe
         | a snack) when we get older and our metabolism slows.
        
         | refurb wrote:
         | > And you know what it is? It's volume. I eat too much.
         | 
         | 100% this.
         | 
         | I lived in Asia for a few years and obesity is rare (though
         | increasing for youth). It's not like they get more exercise
         | (most people don't) or eat healthy (it's mostly carbs), but
         | 100% portion sizes.
         | 
         | I see people who work manual labor jobs eat lunch that is a
         | bowl of noddles, a few thin slices of chicken or pork, and a
         | few veggies. I highly doubt it exceeds 500 kcalories. It's
         | probably half the portion size you'd get in the US.
         | 
         | Mystery solved. If you're only eating 1500 to 1800 kcal per day
         | as an adult male doing manual labor, it's pretty obvious why
         | you're at 10% body fat.
        
           | coffeebeqn wrote:
           | > It's probably half the portion size you'd get in the US.
           | 
           | A lot of the sides in your average US restaurant is easily
           | 1000kcal on its own
        
             | sirsinsalot wrote:
             | That's insane. It's also not just about calories. The
             | amount of corn syrups used in drinks is crazy too. Your
             | body will just spike your glucose and dump it to fat.
             | 
             | It amazes me that Americans head scratch over their obesity
             | epidemic then reach for a product to solve the issues their
             | food industry and culture made for them.
        
         | wiseowise wrote:
         | > Why do we find it acceptable to help people who struggle with
         | alcohol abuse, or nicotine addiction, or opioid addiction, but
         | not to help people who struggle with food abuse?
         | 
         | For the same reason why skinny person taking steroids is
         | frowned upon - it is perceived as a shortcut.
        
           | cthalupa wrote:
           | Supra-physiological levels of testosterone and steroids have
           | incredibly well known and well researched short, medium, and
           | long term side effects. They've been well known for forever.
           | 
           | In an alternate world where steroids had a good safety
           | profile, it would be ridiculous to not use them if you were
           | looking to add on muscle mass.
        
             | wiseowise wrote:
             | > Supra-physiological levels of testosterone and steroids
             | have incredibly well known and well researched short,
             | medium, and long term side effects. They've been well known
             | for forever.
             | 
             | I'm pretty sure if you have professional pharmacist working
             | on you then you can mitigate the issues and make it semi
             | healthy. The point is that it is being frowned upon not
             | because of health issues, but because it's not an "honest
             | work".
        
               | cthalupa wrote:
               | You can make short cycles once or twice a year relatively
               | safe for some steroids. Keep close track of your liver
               | enzymes and blood pressure, discontinue if those look
               | bad, otherwise stay on for 4-6 weeks, take half a year
               | off, repeat. Got exposed to people doing that when I was
               | in the gym frequently, still keep up with some now, all
               | their levels look fine.
               | 
               | But even with significant additional intervention, when
               | you move beyond that to the "blast and cruise" setup,
               | those interventions are just mitigating factors, not
               | truly preventative.
               | 
               | I get what you're saying, I've never touched any of them
               | myself, because the juice wasn't worth the squeeze (hah),
               | but if they did have very good safety profiles, I would
               | have zero problem with anyone taking them and would think
               | it would be silly if anyone did.
        
         | unraveller wrote:
         | Anyone can list 50 no-no things they don't eat and omit the 5
         | types of foods they do choose that causes the most damage.
         | Volume & variety are not to blame given most sauces are calorie
         | dense. The issue generally is the person eating for pleasure
         | conflicting with their stated aim to eat for weight
         | maintenance.
         | 
         | If it tastes good spit it out. Countless people ready to tell
         | you no sacrifice is needed in that domain but they have
         | something to sell or trade.
        
           | pgwhalen wrote:
           | In my experience, as someone who has gone on a small weight
           | loss journey, you can eat things that taste good, you just
           | have to eat less of them and more rarely.
        
         | static_motion wrote:
         | > It's volume. I eat too much.
         | 
         | Bingo. I've had this conversation with my girlfriend. She's not
         | overweight by any means (160 cm ~55 kg) but I am quite
         | underweight (182 cm, 65 kg, < 10% body fat) and the conclusion
         | I've arrived at regarding our differences in body composition
         | is because she routinely eats 1.3x to 1.5x the amount I eat. We
         | both exercise and eat little junk food.
         | 
         | I'm convinced it has to do with upbringing. My family never ate
         | a lot and the portions I was served as a kid weren't big.
         | Nobody in my family is anything more than skinny. Her family
         | however, they eat a lot (and healthy too, mind you). This is
         | all influenced by other factors, her parents and grandparents
         | grew up with not a lot to their names and with food scarcity,
         | so when they reached a position in life where they could
         | comfortably afford to eat they gained the habit of having big
         | meals. My family was mostly more privileged in that regard so
         | maybe they never felt the need to focus on food as much.
        
       | hilux wrote:
       | Living a healthy lifestyle, so that you won't need Ozempic, is
       | possible - even surrounded by all the drugs and booze and carbs.
       | 
       | I do it. Lots of people do it. The information is freely
       | available, now more than ever.
       | 
       | From all I've read, Ozempic isn't a silver bullet, and has many
       | side effects. It just helps people stave off the inevitable for a
       | while.
        
         | pixl97 wrote:
         | Well good for you, aren't you special...
         | 
         | Now what about the other 74% of the population.
         | 
         | You ever hear the saying "If you owe the bank $1000 dollars,
         | that's your problem. If you owe the bank a million it's theirs"
         | 
         | This is a public health epidemic and no matter how much you
         | scream "But I'm special" the rest of the world is going to fall
         | apart around you. And yes, this issue is spreading to the
         | entire world and not just the US.
        
           | hilux wrote:
           | > no matter how much you scream "But I'm special"
           | 
           | You are deliberately missing my point: I'm not special.
           | 
           | Go back to reddit, where they appreciate your "style" of
           | discussion.
        
           | wiseowise wrote:
           | > and no matter how much you scream "But I'm special"
           | 
           | Literally opposite of what they're saying. You're the one who
           | screams "I'm special, diet and exercise don't work on me, I'm
           | defying physics".
        
         | Someone1234 wrote:
         | The population level statistics show that you're the exception
         | and not the rule. Obviously if the side-effects are unpleasant,
         | the alternative health implications must be even worse: Which
         | they are.
        
           | hilux wrote:
           | This may sound cynical, but I believe it is also factual: in
           | a capitalist society, generating revenue by making people
           | sick (junk food), and then generating more revenue by curing
           | them, and finally making a big pile by keeping them alive for
           | a few more weeks, is the way it's "supposed" to work.
           | 
           | If everyone stayed healthy and then peacefully died one day
           | in their sleep, I can't imagine how many $$$trillions that
           | would remove from the US economy. (I know, there's an
           | argument that healthy people would find other ways to
           | generate revenue, but we have no path to realize that.)
           | 
           | Of course, a century of non-capitalist societies don't have a
           | great track record either!
        
             | defrost wrote:
             | Thank goodness for all those countries that are neither the
             | US nor puely non-capitalist (not that the US is an example
             | of a pure capitalist society).
             | 
             | Just how blinkered is American Exceptionalism anyway?
             | Surely you're knowingly playing up the false { US | not-US
             | } dichotomy.
             | 
             | eg: "American junk food" as seen in the US is largely
             | regulated away in Australia, food labelling is better,
             | overall health and life expectancy is better, etc.
        
               | hilux wrote:
               | I don't know enough about other countries to comment on
               | them in detail.
               | 
               | I do know that food multinationals are very active in
               | almost all countries, and that obesity rates have
               | skyrocketed in almost all countries, except for Japan, S
               | Korea, and poor countries where people literally don't
               | have enough to eat.
               | 
               | In Australia the obesity rate is >32%. That must be junk-
               | food companies at work - I'm not aware of any other
               | explanation.
        
         | sureIy wrote:
         | > The information is freely available, now more than ever
         | 
         | You have to believe it to find it.
         | 
         | Noise is everywhere, now more than ever. I think finding proper
         | information is going to be exponentially harder.
         | 
         | A couple of days ago I was "fighting" on Reddit about something
         | that is as clear as day, with proof and all, with people who
         | were completely sure of the opposite (side note: this is when I
         | deleted my Reddit accounts)
        
           | hilux wrote:
           | Oh, I agree with you.
           | 
           | I just read that MTG and other Republican operatives are
           | tweeting that hurricanes are created by the US government;
           | now the MAGA want to kill meteorologists.
           | 
           | And despite all this, Trump has a 50-50 chance of winning the
           | election.
        
         | DavidPiper wrote:
         | > The information is freely available, now more than ever.
         | 
         | Given the progress of the threads here, do you have any
         | recommendations for cutting through the noise and finding good
         | scientific information on weight loss, healthy eating,
         | lifestyle, etc?
         | 
         | I agree with you that all the information is out there, but
         | there seems to be an enormous amount of resistance in the
         | threads here to threads to even simple things like:
         | 
         | - Fresh fruits and vegetables
         | 
         | - Lean proteins
         | 
         | - Cut out processed foods
         | 
         | - Cut out smoking, rec. drugs, and booze
         | 
         | - Eat less in general
         | 
         | - Stay hydrated - water is the only drink you really need
         | 
         | - Find ways to move more, esp. for people with sedentary jobs /
         | lifestyles
         | 
         | - Sleep more
         | 
         | - Reduce stress
        
           | hilux wrote:
           | I don't have a silver bullet of health advice. Your list
           | looks good.
           | 
           | The only things I'd change (what works for ME) is to reduce
           | fruit (sugar). But if I could eat fruit all the time, I
           | would.
           | 
           | And I eat as much fat as I want, definitely not just lean
           | protein. Food should taste good!
           | 
           | And I practice intermittent and (sometimes) extended fasting.
           | Dr. Jason Fung is an excellent resource.
           | 
           | You have to find what works for you. But for the majority who
           | are overweight and obese while also on multiple meds and
           | maybe also in pain and also self-medicated on booze and weed
           | ... well, IMHO that's not really "working."
        
         | xkbarkar wrote:
         | Disclaimer I have never been obese or suffered obesity.
         | 
         | If it was easy no one would be fat. The whole body acceptance
         | movement is a sham and always will be. We dont find obesity
         | attractive and we do not want to be obese. However for some
         | reason 60% of us in the west are overweight. And it is
         | extremely hard to lose the kilos. We are eating too much and we
         | shame eachother for eating small portions or skipping meals.
         | 
         | But put simply, we have normalized large portions and eating
         | five times per day.
         | 
         | And its super hard to cut the volume after a lifetime of large
         | portions and eating ever two hours nonsense.
         | 
         | I sympathise with obesity sufferers and hope that the outcome
         | of all of this is to normalise smaller portions and fewer meals
         | again.
        
       | Cyclone_ wrote:
       | Well the title is a little silly even if it's meant to be
       | provocative. There's a limit to just how many people would
       | benefit from the drug, since those who exercise frequently enough
       | wouldn't have the need for it ever.
        
       | dcchambers wrote:
       | I hate that we are obsessed with treating the symptoms of our
       | issues instead of the cause.
        
         | bitcoin_anon wrote:
         | If you treat the cause, the symptoms go away along with a
         | possible stream of revenue for the "health" care industry.
        
         | rootusrootus wrote:
         | I feel the same way about heart disease and cancer.
         | 
         | Actually, no I don't. God bless modern medicine.
        
       | goshx wrote:
       | My wife was interested in taking the Ozempic route, and I am not
       | fond of drugs.
       | 
       | We then started intermittent fasting together as a lifestyle, and
       | it's been great. Losing weight while not restricting what we eat
       | and feeling great as our body adapts and doesn't let us overeat.
       | I just wonder about the long-term effects, but I'd rather take
       | this risk than a drug like Ozempic.
        
         | seanthemon wrote:
         | We did this, this happened to us: after a while you or her may
         | get extremely obsessed with food and eventually get to the
         | point where you overeat as a form of 'freedom' until you just
         | can't stop.
         | 
         | IF works until it doesn't, then it REALLY doesn't work. My wife
         | had a breakdown before we realized something was incredibly
         | wrong. YMMV.
        
           | goshx wrote:
           | Thank you, I'll pay attention to that.
        
         | rootusrootus wrote:
         | I've never been more insufferable and hangry than when fasting.
         | I'm glad it works for you.
        
       | bitcoin_anon wrote:
       | The American Academy of Pediatrics suggests starting children on
       | weight loss medication as early as 12 years old:
       | 
       | https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/151/2/e20220...
       | 
       | The farmers are subsidized to grow the corn. 10% of SNAP benefits
       | are spent on sugary drinks. Yet we're expected to believe that
       | these children were born w/ the chronic disease of obesity and
       | they'll need to be on these drugs their whole lives.
        
       | cdchn wrote:
       | Obesity rate in the US has started to decline and it sounds like
       | they're largely attributing it to ozempic et al.
        
       | aayala wrote:
       | just eat healthy and be active
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | Novo Nordisk just settled with Viatris, a company which was
       | trying to have the Ozempic patent cancelled.[1] That would have
       | killed their monopoly. "Terms of the settlement are
       | confidential".
       | 
       | They just did the same thing with Mylan.[2]
       | 
       | And may have done something similar with Rio Pharmaceuticals.[3]
       | 
       | The Federal Trade Commission is also fighting that.[4]
       | 
       | [1] https://www.reuters.com/legal/litigation/novo-nordisk-
       | settle...
       | 
       | [2] https://iplaw.allard.ubc.ca/2024/10/08/settlement-of-
       | patent-...
       | 
       | [3]
       | https://www.pacermonitor.com/public/case/52064967/NOVO_NORDI...
       | 
       | [4] https://www.cnbc.com/2024/04/30/ftc-challenges-patents-
       | held-...
        
       | Retr0id wrote:
       | As far as I can tell, the intended meaning of the question in the
       | title is "how long until everyone who wants Ozempic can have
       | it?".
       | 
       | But at first I read it in a more cynical and sinister way, the
       | more literal interpretation - how long until _everyone_ is on
       | weight loss drugs?
       | 
       | In a world where such medications are normalized, fast-
       | food/processed-food companies might just work harder to make
       | their products more addictive and pervasive, and then we're all
       | back to square one.
        
         | bobro wrote:
         | Seems like all the incentives have been in place for us to have
         | already maximized food addictiveness. We have to at least be
         | pretty far up the S curve. I'd guess just the opposite
         | actually, that companies will refocus on the healthfulness of
         | their products now that customers aren't as susceptible to the
         | addictive aspects.
        
       | bowsamic wrote:
       | I just calorie count. It's very easy and effective
        
         | sethaurus wrote:
         | Those of us who find calorie-counting easy and effective are
         | the blessed few. Most people appear to find it even harder than
         | other behavior-change approaches to weight management.
        
       | nostromo wrote:
       | For the longest time people argued if overweight people ate too
       | much or not. I've heard plausible sounding arguments on both
       | sides.
       | 
       | It seems Ozempic has answered that question decisively, no? The
       | solution to being overweight is eating less in almost all cases
       | it seems. And feeling less hungry with Ozempic can help get you
       | there.
        
         | rootusrootus wrote:
         | > For the longest time people argued if overweight people ate
         | too much or not.
         | 
         | Maybe uneducated people, but when was the last time anyone
         | seriously doubted that excess calories make you fat? For
         | serious people the discussion has always been about how to
         | reduce the calories, because "just eat less" is provably
         | ineffective. Simple minded people continuously suggest
         | otherwise, but data really doesn't support their intuition at
         | all.
        
           | nostromo wrote:
           | It's never been as black and white as you're saying.
           | 
           | Lot's of medical practitioners will even advise you that it's
           | the quality of food you eat, more so than the quantity. Look
           | at all the published research around processed foods and
           | ultra-processed foods.
           | 
           | Other nutritionists will advise you that obesity is all about
           | your macros. And that if you want to lose weight you need to
           | increase fat and protein intake and limit carbs.
           | 
           | Others have argued it's less about diet and more about
           | exercise and having an active lifestyle.
           | 
           | There's also a bunch of research showing that poor sleep
           | might cause obesity.
           | 
           | Ozempic seems to have thrown all that out the window and says
           | that one just needs to eat less if one is overweight.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | All of those are permutations on the fundamental argument,
             | not standalone arguments themselves. The idea with changing
             | the quality of the food is that you'll eat less overall.
             | Same with trying to adjust macros -- only unserious people
             | suggest that calories are somehow different depending on
             | source. The argument is that empty calories are less
             | satisfying and will you to eat _more_ overall. It is all
             | just different approaches to finding a strategy for eating
             | fewer calories overall.
        
             | tightbookkeeper wrote:
             | > it's the quality of food you eat
             | 
             | What metrics determine quality? How recently were those
             | established?
        
             | mft_ wrote:
             | It has always been black and white that the number of
             | calories consumed relates directly to weight gain or loss.
             | 
             | Everything else is about tangentially-related issues.
             | Eating 'better' food (and there are many definitions of
             | 'better') may be healthier. Eating unprocessed food may be
             | healthier, and/or digest more slowly, and/or reduce hunger.
             | Eating different food groups in different balances (e.g.
             | high protein, whatever) may affect how quickly you become
             | hungry, or support certain exercise better. Low/no-
             | carb/keto diets may help some people lose weight more
             | quickly/easily, and probably results in a steadier blood
             | sugar profile. Limiting eating to certain time windows
             | and/or fasting may have some health benefits, and also
             | contribute to weight loss. (And some types of regimen may
             | suit some personalities better.) Eating certain types of
             | food (fat, protein, low-GI carbs) which are also not
             | processed may digest more slowly, resulting in a steadier
             | blood sugar profile and less hunger. Etc.
             | 
             | And despite all of this, it's also possible to lose weight
             | by eating the worst food in the right quantities. See [0]
             | or just Google the "Twinkie diet".
             | 
             | [0] https://www.huffpost.com/entry/chewing-on-the-twinkie-
             | di_b_7...
        
           | Ferret7446 wrote:
           | > when was the last time anyone seriously doubted that excess
           | calories make you fat
           | 
           | There's quite a few people here on this page.
           | 
           | Although part of the problem is poor word choice. Eating less
           | absolutely works. _Telling_ people to eat less absolutely
           | doesn 't work, because people won't do it (if they did do it,
           | then it absolutely would work).
        
       | tananan wrote:
       | I hope that these drugs pull people back from nasty habits such
       | that they eventually build the strength to do without them. As of
       | yet, I do not see why it has to be a win-lose situation one way
       | or the other. Crutches aren't evil - they are expedient while
       | they are expedient.
       | 
       | Sometimes when you have a really strong habit, it becomes really
       | hard to imagine yourself being otherwise. I welcome anything that
       | helps people see beyond a prison they've put themselves in, as
       | long as it doesn't put them in a worse prison.
       | 
       | Does Ozempic or whatever put one in a worse prison? This seems
       | personal, and not a categorical matter.
       | 
       | Those who take it have a choice of how to develop their sense of
       | identity in relationship to their treatment. It is here where the
       | rubber hits the road - these abstract extremes of "you're
       | suppressing your ability to grow" and "you're hopeless without
       | it" are short-sighted and serve no good purpose.
        
       | archsurface wrote:
       | I don't share the American enthusiasm for pharmaceuticals.
       | Exercise and healthy eating. I also don't have the other issues
       | mentioned. Maybe the title is a bit clickbaity and I shouldn't be
       | taking it so literally.
        
       | 0xcde4c3db wrote:
       | I think we desperately need to answer the question of _why_ GLP-1
       | agonists are so effective, and particularly whether it 's
       | counteracting something in the environment that has been acting
       | to reduce GLP-1 (or other glucagon-related pathway) activity
       | without us realizing it. The obesity data practically screams
       | that _something_ happened in North America ca. 1980 that messed
       | up our metabolisms, and it may have spread to Europe after a
       | delay. Unfortunately, it seems like one of those things where
       | there are various people with pet theories and little substantial
       | effort to get to the ground truth. Perhaps the inevitable search
       | for  "me-too drugs" will uncover something.
        
         | avelis wrote:
         | One aspect is that the US food system as a crap ton of UPF.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | How does that cause the rest of the world to also have
           | decades-long steadily increasing obesity rates?
        
           | everfree wrote:
           | UPF means "ultra-processed foods", in case anyone else had to
           | look it up like I did.
        
         | rootusrootus wrote:
         | Europe has been climbing at a steady rate since at least 1975.
         | 
         | https://www.europeandatajournalism.eu/cp_data_news/europe-fa...
        
         | codersfocus wrote:
         | Glyphosate was introduced around that timeline.
        
         | asciimov wrote:
         | Coke and Pepsi started using HFCS in 1980.
         | 
         | I'd be curious about side effects of the Depression and WW2
         | that took an extra generation to show up.
        
           | 0xcde4c3db wrote:
           | > I'd be curious about side effects of the Depression and WW2
           | that took an extra generation to show up.
           | 
           | While there might be a time span involved that could be
           | described that way, as far as I've read there weren't any
           | statistics that were "generational" in the usual sense of the
           | term. Obesity rates started rising among all age groups at
           | roughly the same time.
        
             | doublerabbit wrote:
             | Hormones in meat. And I expect the women's pregnancy pill
             | plays a part in this as well to why we have over emotional
             | disorders. This has all originated from the 70's both.
             | 
             | The demand for cattle are so high that they force feed them
             | growth hormones. You eat the meat, you end up with injected
             | mutations and then over generations you then end up with
             | people with growth hormones and obesity because of.
             | 
             | How can hormone bated meat not affect the human body?
             | 
             | As well, women have been taking a pill, since the 70's, it
             | does its thing, they pee. That mixes with the water and
             | overtime pollutes the generations.
        
       | reducesuffering wrote:
       | One very understated aspect that I haven't seen brought up:
       | 
       | If part of the obesity epidemic is trying to consume food to make
       | up for nutrient deficiencies, these drugs will only worsen these
       | nutritional deficiencies. You'll lose weight short-term, but
       | long-term sabotaged your body trying to attain these. We've seen
       | declining vitamins and minerals in natural food (industrial
       | produce growth). Maybe some people make it up with a heavy
       | supplement regimen, but I wouldn't be surprised to see a lot of
       | now-normal-weight people on Ozempic having major health problems
       | due to increasingly deficient Vitamin A (already 51%), K (71%), E
       | (94%), Magnesium (61%), Potassium (97%), Calcium (49%).
        
         | rootusrootus wrote:
         | > If part of the obesity epidemic is trying to consume food to
         | make up for nutrient deficiencies
         | 
         | Is there evidence to support this hypothesis?
        
       | throwaway918299 wrote:
       | My friend and my father in law both went on it. They both became
       | suicidal and had to stop. YMMV but that's enough for me.
       | 
       | Eat less. Move more.
        
       | aucisson_masque wrote:
       | So basically eat shit and then take drugs to lose the weight you
       | accumulated because of your bad diet ??
       | 
       | Am I the only one to realize how this is so wrong?
       | 
       | You would think When a pipe leaks, you fix it. You're not going
       | to put a basin under it, empty it every day, pay for a new basin
       | every few week and continue to have your damn pipe leak.
       | 
       | Oh man... If only you could teach people how to eat better
       | instead.
        
         | rootusrootus wrote:
         | > Am I the only one
         | 
         | No, definitely not. There's a few of you in this discussion.
        
         | leoh wrote:
         | You are wrong because being overweight means that your
         | endocrine system is very messed up and can make it extremely
         | difficult to make meaningful changes to your diet and habits.
         | Take a look at the preponderance of folks who have taken GLP-1s
         | here and have affected tremendously positive changes to their
         | diet and exercise habits.
        
           | aucisson_masque wrote:
           | Being overweight doesn't prevent you from putting less junk
           | food in your mouth, and instead eating vegetable.
        
       | siliconc0w wrote:
       | It's pretty crazy to me that that we aren't already all on
       | Ozempic. The cost to the country for all chronic conditions
       | obesity causes will bankrupt the country. Insurers should
       | basically be forced to cover all the downstream costs their
       | policies create or they'll continue to kick the can.
       | 
       | Ideally we didn't addict our country to cheap junk food but that
       | ship has sailed. If it were up to me I'd tax the shit out of any
       | company selling a product with more than five grams of sugar and
       | use that to buy the patent to tirzepatide and make generic
       | medications available asap.
        
       | artursapek wrote:
       | I'm old enough to remember when "weight loss pills" was a cliche
       | punch line. Thank God there's no way these miracle drugs will
       | turn out to have some terrible long-term side effects!
        
       | xunil2ycom wrote:
       | Are we all diabetic? Because that's why I'm on it.
        
       | Waterluvian wrote:
       | I've lost 40lbs this year since I started trying. All I did was
       | cut out breakfast and only ever eat if I feel hungry.
       | 
       | Thr first few weeks were hard. My body was hungry all the time.
       | Now I feel hungry far less. I don't get hungry until noon.
       | 
       | The problem is that if I _ever_ cheat and pig out, like, say,
       | this Thanksgiving weekend, it resets and I feel a week or two of
       | miserable hunger again.
       | 
       | If I could cheat my brain in any way, it would be just not
       | feeling hungry until noon, regardless of past actions.
        
         | snvzz wrote:
         | >If I could cheat my brain in any way, it would be just not
         | feeling hungry until noon, regardless of past actions.
         | 
         | Not eating too close to going to sleep suffices. I'd set the
         | minimum at a good 4h.
        
       | ilikeitdark wrote:
       | Drugs rule.
        
       | tightbookkeeper wrote:
       | HN must be aging.
        
       | se4u wrote:
       | The real fun will be when there is enough of this chemical in our
       | waste runoff that cattle and wildlife gives up eating
        
       | smugma wrote:
       | Many in the thread have asked "why get off the drug?"
       | 
       | Regeneron is pursuing its own version of a magic weight loss drug
       | and is arguing that the current batch of GLP1 drugs reduce muscle
       | mass, which is one of the most important things to maintain as
       | one passes middle age (comorbidity etc.)
       | 
       | https://www.ft.com/content/094cbf1f-c5a8-4bb3-a43c-988bd8e2d...
       | 
       | The co-founder of Regeneron has warned that blockbuster weight-
       | loss drugs could cause "more harm than good" unless the rapid
       | muscle loss associated with the treatments is solved...
       | 
       | Clinical studies suggest that patients treated with the new class
       | of weight- loss drugs, known as GLP-1s, lose muscle at far faster
       | rates than people losing weight from diet or exercise, exposing
       | them to health problems, said George Yancopoulos, who also serves
       | as Regeneron's chief scientific officer.
        
       | p1dda wrote:
       | The number of 'smart' people in this thread advocating for the
       | use of a drug instead of doing the obvious which is STOP EATING
       | JUNK FOOD is staggering. Also the article is nothing more than a
       | pharma ad. Idiotic and corrupt.
        
       | gcanyon wrote:
       | To anyone thinking that exercise will fix anything: I've owned a
       | Concept 2 rowing machine since 2005. In that time I've done an
       | average of 100 workouts per year, for a total of over 35 days of
       | rowing. Some workouts were relatively easy 120bpm heart rate;
       | some were at a relatively brutal 160bpm. Concept 2 estimates I've
       | burned just over 600,000 calories, or about 1,000 Big Macs. Could
       | I have eaten 1,000 Big Macs in 19 years? I think so.
        
         | throwaway743950 wrote:
         | "You can't outrun a bad diet."
        
         | wiseowise wrote:
         | > I've owned a Concept 2 rowing machine since 2005.
         | 
         | Well here's your problem. You should've bought barbell 20 years
         | ago. Or at least a couple of kettlebells.
        
           | gcanyon wrote:
           | I've had kettlebells, and I've lifted weights. But to be
           | clear, I never said I have a "problem" -- I have a reasonable
           | weight, and at times I've been in the top half of the
           | worldwide rankings on Concept 2's site. I'm just saying that
           | rowing isn't (solely, if we're going to be picky) the
           | _reason_ I have a reasonable weight.
        
       | tiffanyh wrote:
       | WFH & being sedentary
       | 
       | Since WFH, it's scary to me how sedentary I have become.
       | 
       | It wouldn't surprise me if I now walk < 1,000 steps per day.
       | 
       | I can easily go a couple of days and never even leave the house.
       | 
       | My waistline shows it. And I'm actually eating less than I did
       | when I went into office.
       | 
       | I guess its basic thermodynamics.
        
       | naming_the_user wrote:
       | The headline here seems like an extremely baity one.
       | 
       | A ton of people don't have this issue at all. I hesitate to say
       | "most" because both in the US and UK it seems the majority do.
       | 
       | But it still feels like a hack to me. The issue seems like it's
       | that most people are now basically sedentary. So we can solve the
       | excess hunger via drugs, but is that really what we should be
       | doing?
       | 
       | It feels to me that if we must have a wonder drug - it'd be one
       | that gets people up and about and enjoying exercise. It seems
       | really sad to me that so many feel that their physical form and
       | embodiment is an annoyance rather than the gift it truly is.
        
       | llamaLord wrote:
       | I find it fascinating how many things like this just completely
       | gloss over the fact that some people have side-effects to these
       | drugs that make them completely non-useable, and often it's some
       | of the people who could most benefit.
       | 
       | I have ADHD, and have tried all the current generation of these
       | drugs and absolutely CANNOT take them, they basically prevent my
       | ADHD medication from working and I end up depressed and wanting
       | to kill myself.
       | 
       | This idea of these drugs being a "cure-all" that we'll all just
       | be taking one day proactively scares the shit out of me, because
       | I worry it will mean that medical science will stall (as far as
       | it relates to these types of conditions) for those of us who
       | simply can't take these drugs.
        
       | cashsterling wrote:
       | If you are on a weight loss drug like Ozempic, make sure you are
       | doing resistance training. Ozempic reduces your appetite and help
       | you go into a calorie deficit. Bone mass, muscle mass, ligament
       | and tendon mass can all suffer on a calorie deficit unless your
       | body is get regular stimulus that 'muscle, bone, and connective
       | tissue strength are still important.'
       | 
       | Also, changing your diet while on Ozempic to (1) cut down
       | carbohydrate intake and (2) include more healthy protein (meat,
       | eggs, fish, etc.), fats (nuts, olive oil, etc.) and fruits/veggie
       | will supercharge your weight loss and your overall health gains.
        
       | hnburnsy wrote:
       | Ozempic is just scratching the surface, the pipeline is
       | bursting...
       | 
       | >...combinations of GLP-1 with other entero-pancreatic hormones
       | with complementary actions and/or synergistic potential (such as
       | glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), glucagon, and
       | amylin) are under investigation to enhance the WL and
       | cardiometabolic benefits of GLP-1 RA.
       | 
       | I count 18 or so here...
       | 
       | >https://www.nature.com/articles/s41366-024-01473-y
        
         | jart wrote:
         | Thanks for sharing that link. Retatrutide looks especially
         | promising since it targets three different receptors (GLP-1,
         | GIP, and glucagon) instead of just GLP-1 like Ozempic. This
         | triple action appears to have a more comprehensive effect on
         | metabolism. So it may increase energy expenditure in addition
         | to reducing calorie intake. This drug also showed significant
         | improvements in lipid profiles, blood pressure, and liver fat
         | reduction. If all goes well we should expect to have it in 3-4
         | years.
        
       | at_a_remove wrote:
       | I long for something that would help me. I have a rare metabolic
       | disorder where the recommendation is _high_ carbohydrates, very
       | high, and to never diet. Even a ten percent reduction in caloric
       | intake can end in hospitalization, during which I am put on a
       | frankly enormous amount of glucose or sucrose, among other
       | things. The end result has been an insidious weight gain.
       | Exercise? Well, aside from the fact that you can 't outrun your
       | fork, it sets off the same metabolic pathways that caloric
       | restriction does and I am back to square one.
        
       | switch007 wrote:
       | Stupid question but I wonder if the side-effects are a partial
       | contributor to its success: feeling nauseous, upset stomachs,
       | bloating, acid reflux etc? And are there similar, cheaper
       | supplements/drugs that can induce nausea etc?
       | 
       | I know my appetite falls off a cliff if I'm nauseous/have an
       | upset stomach/suffering from reflux.
        
         | hippich wrote:
         | From my experience, it is probably contributing, but certainly
         | not the major way glp-1 work. And I certainly had periods where
         | I would overeat while already feeling bloated or nauseated.
         | Glp-1 certainly does something to the body, that regulate
         | eating on hormonal or neuronal level.
        
       | ornornor wrote:
       | FWIW, junk food makers are thinking up new ways to stay relevant
       | and still sell a modified version of their junk foods adapted to
       | people on GLP-1 medicine... Nestle, Mondelez, etc are all
       | scrambling to do so. Here is an article (in French) on the
       | matter: https://www.letemps.ch/economie/ozempic-wegovy-mounjaro-
       | nest...
        
       | martin82 wrote:
       | Don't think the hype will last long at all, since this ridiculous
       | drug has extremely bad side effects, and works by enriching the
       | body with millions of small fat cells that are all ready to blow
       | up the moment you stop taking the drug. Or in orher words, it's a
       | trap. If you take it, you have to take it forever and suffer
       | extreme side effects, if you stop taking it, you will turn into a
       | fat pig, worse than before, and you gained nothing.
       | 
       | It absolutely boggles my mind to always see Americans swallow
       | everything and anything that big pharma serves them. It's insane
       | behaviour.
        
         | Rnonymous wrote:
         | What side effects?
         | 
         | Blowing up fat cells?
         | 
         | I was "find this page" for side effects, but see little
         | discussion about them. So am honestly intrigued, and would love
         | to hear more.
        
       | ropable wrote:
       | Up until the point where our modern food environment changes
       | radically - the more people who need it and can take it, the
       | better.
        
       | sirsinsalot wrote:
       | Seems to me this drug is an antidote for an unregulated
       | capitalist system creating an environment that preys on the human
       | condition and as a result makes people unhealthy.
       | 
       | It's just now selling you the antidote to the problems it made.
       | Profit.
        
       | grimblee wrote:
       | The absurdity of creating a drug to curb obesity instead of
       | forcing industrials to make food healthier. The ravage of
       | corruption, sorry lobbying, still killing us all for greed.
        
       | bravetraveler wrote:
       | Eternity, unless it's pumped into the water supply
        
       | wwarner wrote:
       | Love this forecasting methodology
        
       | fredgrott wrote:
       | Okay, how I found out about berberine being over the
       | counter...this medical article and study
       | 
       | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34981502/
       | 
       | Imagine only spending $11 with no side effects to spending $300
       | and up with major side effects.....
        
       | hippich wrote:
       | One trend I noticed, whenever this topic is discussed in public
       | forums, it attracts a lot of negativity from "just exercise and
       | eat less" crowd (generalizing here). I wonder why it caused so
       | much negative reaction? On the surface it shouldn't matter much,
       | since it does not appear to harm ones who found a way to maintain
       | healthy body without drugs. Yet it reliably causes a quite
       | noticable number of folks to be quite aggressive towards either
       | people using these drugs or companies making these. (Similar
       | trend can be seen in other drugs like THC for example)?
        
         | GaryNumanVevo wrote:
         | Personally, I'd never take Ozempic. I agree it definitely makes
         | the 'eat less' goal achievable almost automatically for most
         | people. But I think there's a real downside which is that any
         | rapid weight loss will take muscle and bone density with it.
         | Typically when you're using exercise to lose weight, you'll
         | naturally end up building some muscle mass back. I think the
         | side effects for people who take the drug and stay sedentary is
         | going to be disastrous.
        
         | sp527 wrote:
         | > I wonder why it caused so much negative reaction? On the
         | surface it shouldn't matter much, since it does not appear to
         | harm ones who found a way to maintain healthy body without
         | drugs. Yet it reliably causes a quite noticable number of folks
         | to be quite aggressive towards either people using these drugs
         | or companies making these.
         | 
         | It's a combination of people thinking it violates the 'no free
         | lunch' axiom of the universe and also deriving significant
         | personal status and satisfaction from exerting discipline in
         | eating and exercising religiously.
         | 
         | The 'no free lunch' axiom is a curious thing and seems
         | derivative of western Puritanism and similar philosophies. It
         | violates many people's intuitions that very good things might
         | be obtained with relative ease, and also devalues said things.
         | Some of these are the same people who cannot comprehend (or
         | even accept) a post-singularity world without work. The
         | peculiar morality that produces that belief overlaps rather
         | substantially with the one that rejects the possibility of an
         | easy solution to the problem of obesity.
         | 
         | Further, some of these people have the (perhaps unconscious)
         | belief that they are morally superior to others who are less
         | dedicated to health and fitness, and in particular to the
         | obese.
         | 
         | If obesity can be resolved so fluidly and categorically, then
         | at least two painful things happen for them: (1) their
         | excessive effort towards weight control seems foolish and
         | inefficient (i.e. devalued, as noted above) and (2) they lose a
         | great deal of personal status. The latter is a consequence of
         | the reasonably established notion that a significant proportion
         | of many peoples' happiness is contingent on their relative
         | frames of reference (i.e. not their position in an absolute
         | sense). Again, this is often unconscious. These are not "bad"
         | people, but rather merely victims of human instinct.
        
       | cdrini wrote:
       | Obesity rates are on the rise in all modern countries, and
       | although the rate of growth is different, in no country does it
       | show any signs of slowing down.
       | 
       | https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-of-adults-defined-a...
       | 
       | Are these drugs good? I'm not sure, but I think a lot of these
       | drugs seem to be reducing how much people eat -- helping people
       | break from the life time of bad habits they've learned since
       | childhood from their parents/friend/media/fast food industry. I
       | don't know if eating habits in childhood can embed themselves as
       | permanent alterations to the person's biology, like myopia in eye
       | sight. But if it does, then these drugs might be the "glasses"
       | equivalent for metabolism/eating. Citation needed. But if so,
       | then let's see if we can learn from our mistake with how glasses
       | are perscribed, and instead of leaving children in the same
       | environment that results in the development of the same diagnosis
       | which will then require them to also take ozempic/use
       | glasses/etc, and instead raise them so that they never develop
       | the problem in the first place.
       | 
       | Note: even the myopia link is still being researched I believe,
       | but more papers seem to be showing this potential relationship.
       | 
       | Variables:
       | 
       | - unhappiness increasing (citation needed)
       | 
       | - low income people buy cheap, processed food
       | 
       | - middle class people eat out at restaurants more since they can
       | afford it
       | 
       | - upper class people likely the healthiest?
       | 
       | - unhealthy processed foods have become regular standard snacks
       | (eg chips, cola) taking the place of healthy snacks like
       | fruits/veg
       | 
       | - portion size increases in the home and at restaurants
       | 
       | - the fast food industries incentive to get people to eat more
       | 
       | - people developing bad eating habits at young ages, which are
       | significantly harder to break later in life and could potentially
       | result in permanent changes to metabolism (similar to how myopia
       | has been linked to children spending a lot of time
       | inside/books/screens)
       | 
       | - low availability of healthy fresh food -- when was the last
       | time you got fruit as a snack in the middle of the day? Or for
       | dessert?
       | 
       | - reduced mobility; sitting jobs, order to your door, work from
       | home
        
         | cdrini wrote:
         | Some chat GPT research on some of the citation needed claims.
         | There are some potential biological pathways, but more research
         | needed to verify if/how these are actually applicable:
         | https://chatgpt.com/share/670a798d-6abc-8012-bbf8-3b55a09f0b...
        
       | LinuxBender wrote:
       | _How long til we 're all on Ozempic?_
       | 
       | Just my own preference but I stopped doing tinker drugs some time
       | ago and focus on things that make semi-permanent changes even if
       | they are much smaller incremental changes. I call any drug that
       | tinkers with feedback loops a tinker drug. An example for me
       | personal was hypertension. I focused on finding the root cause
       | which took a long time but now if I can't get a hold of the
       | things I used to make changes I don't have to worry about a hard
       | rebound swing back to and beyond where I was, something that BP
       | drugs did when I could not get a hold of the drugs because of
       | doctors screwing with me.
       | 
       | For weight I went with Berberine, prolonged fasting and paleo.
       | It's slow but steady and for me personally slow and steady has
       | been winning the race without side effects. That's just my
       | methodological preference and not meant to be any form or fashion
       | of advice for anyone else. I support people doing whatever they
       | find works for them. This was just my long way of answering the
       | question.
        
       | indigo0086 wrote:
       | Not a surprised that in the land of the obese (mostly by choice),
       | weight loss poison is deemed a miracle drug
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-10-12 23:02 UTC)