[HN Gopher] Software Engineer Pay Heatmap Across the US
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       Software Engineer Pay Heatmap Across the US
        
       Author : zuhayeer
       Score  : 129 points
       Date   : 2024-10-09 20:04 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (levels.fyi)
 (TXT) w3m dump (levels.fyi)
        
       | jmward01 wrote:
       | This is great. I will say though that, unsurprisingly, Puerto
       | Rico isn't part of the dataset. Sites like this could really help
       | make the point to people that the US is bigger than the 50
       | states.
       | 
       | [edit] Alaska and Hawaii aren't on here either so it should have
       | been 'bigger than the continuous 48 states'.
        
         | jonny_eh wrote:
         | Including other countries like Canada, UK, France, and Germany
         | would certainly be nice.
        
         | darkwizard42 wrote:
         | Helpful tip, the word you are looking for is "contiguous" when
         | describing the US states all connected together. Can also use
         | the Lower 48
        
       | Manuel_D wrote:
       | I think the granularity of this map is far too coarse grained.
       | Forks, WA and Seattle are in the same bucket. Same with San Jose,
       | sharing the same bucket as Ukiah. The "Greater Portland Area"
       | stretches all the way to the southern border of Oregon.
       | 
       | That said, there's still some surprising results. I would have
       | expected NYC to be on par with Western Washington and the Bay
       | Area, but it's significantly less, ~190K vs ~260K.
        
         | teasp2 wrote:
         | Agreed, the "Greater Boston Area" doesn't really reflect the
         | reality, you are mixing Boston Metro (HCOL) with many others in
         | Mass, Vermont, and New Hampshire that can't be compared.
        
         | jdminhbg wrote:
         | > The "Greater Portland Area" stretches all the way to the
         | southern border of Oregon.
         | 
         | There may be an off-the-grid remote developer in Steens
         | Mountain somewhere, but there aren't any employers there.
        
           | cvwright wrote:
           | Lots of techies out in Bend though
        
             | 0xB31B1B wrote:
             | Not nearly as many as there are in portland by a factor of
             | about 25
        
             | davidw wrote:
             | This is accurate, as a techie in Bend. But the map hives
             | off Deschutes county all by itself, and at the same time
             | lumps in Baker City with the "Greater Portland Area". That
             | needs some work.
        
         | Mountain_Skies wrote:
         | Given how many areas are marked as not having enough data, I'm
         | going to guess that the dataset is pretty small, which is why
         | some of the areas had to cover large spaces.
        
         | ryandrake wrote:
         | Including Pike County, PA as part of the New York City area is
         | kind of wild, too, from someone who grew up there. If you're
         | making $190K and living in Pike County, you're living like a
         | Sultan of a country with a palace made entirely of gold.
        
           | wbl wrote:
           | Not all goods are nontradeable. Flights and lodging at a
           | destination cost the same to everyone as do iPhones etc.
        
             | FredPret wrote:
             | As an immigrant from the 3rd world -> Canada, I found a
             | surprising number of things fit this bill.
             | 
             | Some things have a global market and everyone is paying ~
             | the same price everywhere.
             | 
             | - Meat, to an extent
             | 
             | - Any oil-derived product
             | 
             | - Electronics
             | 
             | - Software
             | 
             | - IP
             | 
             | - Cars
             | 
             | - Clothes
             | 
             | Of course there are always local taxes, regulations, and
             | logistical considerations that skew the price this way or
             | that way by 10-30%, but these markets can be pretty
             | efficient.
        
         | zuhayeer wrote:
         | This is a great point, and something we plan to address. We
         | currently use Nielsen's DMA (Designated Market Area) mappings
         | within the US to separate out regional areas which was used for
         | TV / media market surveys. We happen to use DMA categories for
         | our regional pages on Levels.fyi which is why it was easiest to
         | start with since we already had this data captured. The
         | features can sometimes be a bit off and seem like they're
         | grouped very far and wide (you'll notice there's a bit of
         | Denver within Nevada and its just a vestige of how it used to
         | be categorized), but it still provides a bit of a broader level
         | grouping than something like zip code. We've also been
         | considering using Combined Statistical Areas using population
         | instead, but the benefit with DMAs is that it offers full
         | coverage of the entire US whereas some major tech hubs are
         | still missing from CSAs if relying solely on population.
         | 
         | We're planning to create some of our own regional definitions
         | and borders using our own submissions and that should offer
         | some more tighter bounds. This was just a v1, and I think its
         | already resonating with folks.
         | 
         | GeoJSON data for the map borders:
         | https://github.com/PublicaMundi/MappingAPI/blob/master/data/...
         | 
         | Nielsen DMA regions:
         | https://blocks.roadtolarissa.com/simzou/6459889
        
       | c0nsumer wrote:
       | This thing feels weird. In Southeast Michigan the popup is for
       | "Ann Arbor Area", yet it stretches from VERY rural areas to Ann
       | Arbor (a wealthy college town), across Detroit, across where all
       | auto companies are, etc.
       | 
       | This makes it feel very not-representative nor accurate for the
       | area as a whole.
       | 
       | EDIT: Ohh... clicking further, now I see. This is just an ad for
       | a "salary negotiation" company. No thanks.
        
         | el_benhameen wrote:
         | It may or may not be an ad, but I've found levels.fyi to be a
         | valuable source of salary information, much more than a "salary
         | negotiation company". They're far more accurate and detailed
         | than, say, Glassdoor or Indeed.
        
       | justahuman74 wrote:
       | Are these numbers base salary or TC?
        
         | akavi wrote:
         | Definitely TC
        
         | Mountain_Skies wrote:
         | There's a breakdown of the compensation categories with each
         | area.
        
       | drdaeman wrote:
       | Is it possible to exclude FAANGs and other large corporations?
       | Mixing smaller companies and soul-draining leviathans all in the
       | same pot does not produce meaningful results.
        
         | ponector wrote:
         | Smaller companies are also soul-draining in many cases. Why to
         | exclude only faangs? Let's exclude banks, insurance etc
        
           | ken47 wrote:
           | You're getting caught up on "soul-draining," but FAANG's and
           | adjacent are generally acknowledged to have the highest TC.
           | It would be useful to know what the statistics are with these
           | outlier companies removed.
        
             | q7xvh97o2pDhNrh wrote:
             | The "outliers" are the companies paying these insultingly
             | low salaries for technology development. That's why there's
             | so much low-quality software in the world.
             | 
             | FAANG (and a few FAANG-adjacent) companies are the only
             | ones paying close to decent wages, and even they've been
             | making frankly egregious cuts to their protein-bar budgets
             | lately.
             | 
             | Let's not sit around manufacturing skewed datasets that
             | give people the wrong idea about what software engineers
             | should get paid.
        
               | romanhn wrote:
               | While I agree that FAANG data should be
               | present/available, I will say that the only reason those
               | companies are able to pay such amounts are due to their
               | outsized valuations and the market shares they have
               | captured. Vast majority of companies do not bring in per-
               | employee revenues on par with the FAANGs, so it's not
               | realistic to set one's definition of "decent wages" at
               | those numbers and expect everyone else to pay them. Lots
               | of high-flying startups made a play for fast growth and
               | paid similarly high comp, with the end result of laying
               | huge numbers of people off when the market demanded
               | accountability.
               | 
               | TL;DR: I love being an engineer in the Bay Area, but we
               | truly are a bubble.
        
               | ponector wrote:
               | Not everyone who works on faang codebase receive a decent
               | wage. Don't forget an army of cheap external contractors
               | sold to faang by bodyshops.
        
             | jeffbee wrote:
             | The "outliers" employ a quarter million software engineers.
             | You are asking for reality to be warped and censored to
             | suit your weird vibes.
        
         | bulatb wrote:
         | I can see how that would be useful, but it also seems like
         | selling yourself short. Your pay is what you can negotiate.
         | Don't let your counterparty tell you what's fair.
         | 
         | If you could reasonably get an offer from a company that pays
         | top dollar, that is always part of your position, even if
         | you're talking to a company that thinks you should take less
         | because reasons.
         | 
         | Most companies don't skew the market upward in your favor, so
         | don't skew it downward in theirs.
        
       | cheriot wrote:
       | I'm surprised NYC is 190k vs Bay Area at 263k and Seattle at
       | 240k. Maybe there's just more non-tech industry software jobs
       | pulling down the median?
        
         | reducesuffering wrote:
         | I believe it's the outsized proportion of FAANMG employees. Bay
         | Area should be obvious but Seattle has gobs of $250k comp
         | Amazon and Microsoft employees, much more than outposts in NYC.
        
           | ryandrake wrote:
           | I wonder how skewed the underlying data is, too. Perhaps
           | they're somehow overcounting people at the higher levels and
           | undercounting people lower on the totem pole. The idea of
           | $250K being a median _across all levels_ -anywhere- is kind
           | of astonishing if true. Yes, we all know a few people making
           | $400K at Facebook who have a vacation home in Aspen and drive
           | two Ferraris (they always tell HN how common it is), but is
           | it really that many to drive the median so high?
        
             | jeffbee wrote:
             | A person who only makes $400k TC at Meta won't even have a
             | first home in the Bay Area, much less another one in Aspen.
        
               | reducesuffering wrote:
               | Plenty of people with $400k TC at Meta have Bay Area
               | homes. $400k TC doesn't mean "I just got the job where's
               | my $2m house." But over a career (Facebook is 20 years
               | old) it does.
        
             | reducesuffering wrote:
             | It's a selection bias for people that are already
             | interested in compensation and willing to divulge it. If
             | you're on the site, then it perfectly fits you. But it
             | wouldn't be representative of all software engineers from a
             | census perspective.
        
               | romanhn wrote:
               | This is the answer. Most people don't know about
               | levels.fyi.
        
             | jandrewrogers wrote:
             | I know many SWEs at boring non-FAANG, non-unicorn companies
             | that make around the medians shown here so it seems roughly
             | representative, anecdotally. The competitiveness of the
             | market for good engineers has forced every company to at
             | least pretend to try to compete on compensation. It didn't
             | used to be this way but it has really compressed wages
             | upward because you simply won't be able to hire anyone
             | vaguely qualified otherwise.
        
       | Mountain_Skies wrote:
       | Surprised to see $155k as the median for Montgomery-Selma. It's a
       | very low cost of living area, which in the tech industry is
       | justification to pay low salaries regardless of the low
       | desirability of the area. Going to guess it's mostly defense
       | related developer jobs associated with Gunter.
        
       | Waterluvian wrote:
       | With apologies: a choropleth map, not a heatmap. And the
       | granularity is unfortunately quite too low, but I appreciate that
       | sometimes your geodataset is limiting. But with that pedantry out
       | of the way: it would be awesome to be able to normalize based on
       | cost of living.
       | 
       | Not that it's an excuse: I do find it kind of odd that I do the
       | same job as another remote engineer and yet I'm paid a fraction?
       | But to be fair I don't have student loans and paid off my house
       | in a few years, so cost of living, cost of education, etc. can
       | reveal _practical_ opportunity even if it enshrouds any
       | definition of fairness.
        
       | freedomben wrote:
       | Not really "across the US" because it's only the lower 48. AK,
       | HI, US territories don't appear to be included. We're used to
       | being forgotten so it's not a huge deal, but I figured I'd take
       | this small opportunity to bitch about it :-D
       | 
       | If you're curious, SWE pay in AK is pretty low. I'd guess median
       | in the 80k.
        
         | adamhartenz wrote:
         | If I say I have been to McDonald's all across the country, that
         | does not mean I have been to EVERY single McDonald's
         | restaurant. Just various ones across the country
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | > _If I say I have been to McDonald 's all across the
           | country, that does not mean I have been to EVERY single
           | McDonald's restaurant. Just various ones across the country_
           | 
           | Sure, but I would argue that you're speaking imprecisely then
           | and using a cliche or phrase that isn't technically accurate
           | at best, and is actually misleading at worst. And when
           | requested for clarity, you should say, "well _almost_ all. "
           | Either that or we have different definitions of what the word
           | "all" means[1].
           | 
           | If someone said "I have been to all the states in the US"
           | would you expect that they have been to AK and HI?
           | 
           | [1]: The MW definition matches my understanding:
           | https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/all
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | Yes. If someone said they had been to _all_ the states I'd
             | expect they had been to Alaska and Hawaii. On the other
             | hand McDs all across the country I'd interpret as having
             | been to a lot of McDs in different states with a wide
             | geographical distribution.
        
       | mastazi wrote:
       | The "Not Enough Data" should really be a different color, instead
       | it is very close to the lowest bracket which makes it confusing
        
       | clvx wrote:
       | Impressive Missoula, MT has a median higher than many
       | metropolitan areas like Austin. One of the factors of the house
       | market explosion in western MT.
       | 
       | In a related note, I was checking for tech meetups (at
       | meetup.com) in Missoula and Bozeman and except for Montana
       | programmers, there's no much there. There are a few slack
       | communities but nothing specific for technologies or other
       | groups.
        
         | nick3443 wrote:
         | You in bozo too?
        
         | bruckie wrote:
         | I noticed Missoula as an outlier, too. Anyone have a good
         | explanation?
         | 
         | My completely uninformed guess is that a bunch of highly-paid
         | engineers moved there during the pandemic for some reason I
         | don't understand, rather than anything inherent to the tech
         | jobs market in Missoula. If so, why Missoula (vs., say, Jackson
         | Hole)? And if not, is there another plausible explanation?
        
           | cm2012 wrote:
           | Gas and oil industry
        
           | jandrewrogers wrote:
           | Missoula has been low-profile fashionable with the tech crowd
           | for a long time. It is basically a slightly smaller Boulder.
        
       | et-al wrote:
       | This $263k median in the Bay Area is making me sad.
        
       | conqrr wrote:
       | levels.fyi has been of good use for the industry at providing
       | tools to navigate the incosistencies with leveling across
       | companies. Somewhat similar to what Leetcode did as well (not
       | saying Im happy with the standard).
       | 
       | There's a lot more refinement that's needed for levels.fyi data:
       | 
       | 1. Data goes stale pretty quickly. Salaries are on a downtrend
       | now and many averages don't reflect it yet.
       | 
       | 2. Data is overreported in the few popular reigons and companies.
       | Bay area/FAANGetc
       | 
       | 3. Values are inflated with stocks that aren't public companies.
       | 
       | 4. Lots of companies are following weird vesting schedule now and
       | that calculation isn't the simplified 4 year average of stock
       | value.
        
       | jabroni_salad wrote:
       | It's interesting but I would also recommend checking out the BLS
       | if you are interested in what other locations have to offer. It
       | also has maps of where people are actually employed as well as
       | the pay.
       | 
       | https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes151252.htm
        
       | al_borland wrote:
       | Ann Arbor gets the call out over Detroit. That's rough... and the
       | pay is higher in Traverse City? I'm so confused by these results.
        
       | renewiltord wrote:
       | This is a nice market where you'll be hired if you're better, so
       | it's also an average quality of engineer map.
        
       | apercu wrote:
       | I found it interesting that Madison, WI is on par with Chicago,
       | and pay is better than Milwaukee. Digging in a little it's
       | because global tech companies have offices in Madison (also Epic,
       | but even though I was in Toronto for 20 years and thus out of
       | date, I never knew Epic to be a high paying company), and
       | Milwaukee seems to be regionals (Uline & Kohls - and retail
       | rarely pays top dollar for tech talent).
        
       | Cyclone_ wrote:
       | I'm getting the sense there's a heavy sampling bias towards
       | larger companies. I looked at my company which is on 1 metro area
       | and it isn't super accurate. The titles they list don't even
       | match up with what we call them.
        
         | Zaheer wrote:
         | We're working on improving our taxonomy right now and would
         | love some more detailed feedback. Do you mind emailing me at
         | <my hn username> @levels.fyi?
        
       | dinobones wrote:
       | Can levels.fyi stop showing non-liquid pre-IPO startup equity as
       | part of total comp please?
       | 
       | You'd be surprised at how difficult it is to get liquidity for
       | that stuff, often there are limits to the amount you can
       | liquidate, some can't sell on private marketplace, some can only
       | sell every once in a blue moon event, etc. This is all without
       | mentioning that the "valuation" itself is typically pretty
       | speculative.
       | 
       | Levels.fyi is treating this equity the same as public company
       | RSUs, which is not the same at all.
        
         | zuhayeer wrote:
         | How do you think it should be treated? I think at the
         | individual granular data point level adding a tag or note about
         | the equity not being immediately liquid is a good start. But I
         | don't think it'd be a good idea to weigh the stock differently
         | since that can depend on so many things. For example SpaceX and
         | some other private companies do offer regular liquidity and I
         | would consider their equity close to liquid.
         | 
         | Appreciate the feedback though, and definitely agree we can
         | work on how we display the data and make it more clear.
        
           | fogleman wrote:
           | Add another dropdown so we can color code by Base salary
           | only, Stock only, etc.
        
             | zuhayeer wrote:
             | Yeah that make sense, will work on adding for this heatmap
        
       | jowea wrote:
       | Is levels.fyi biased towards high pay jobs?
        
       | xyst wrote:
       | I used to be in the 90th percentile in my area 2 years ago. Then
       | AIv2 (rebranded as genAI, LLM) pumped with VC money via low
       | interest pushed my TC to 70-75th percentile.
       | 
       | I could start chasing the $ again, but at this point I'm nearly
       | financially independent and can almost just say fuck it.
        
       | joshdavham wrote:
       | This was really cool to look at!
       | 
       | But I still don't understand how non-tech people afford to live
       | in SF. Wouldn't they be priced out?
        
         | pchristensen wrote:
         | People who bought houses at any point in the last decades are
         | house-rich and have a low tax basis thanks to Prop 13.
         | Otherwise, there's an active, ongoing exodus of non-tech
         | people, as well as increasing cost of living and longer
         | commutes for people who stay.
        
           | Aeolun wrote:
           | Someone needs to serve the burgers though. Are you saying
           | those people commute two hours each way?
        
             | ForHackernews wrote:
             | Some people live in their cars during the week.
        
         | linguae wrote:
         | There are ways people without FAANG-level salaries are able to
         | afford San Francisco:
         | 
         | 1. Purchasing when market prices were lower, or inheriting a
         | home. San Francisco has been expensive for decades, but it
         | didn't always require FAANG-level salaries to afford purchasing
         | a home there.
         | 
         | 2. Living in a rent-controlled unit and avoiding evictions
         | (e.g., if the landlord wants to sell, move in, or redevelop the
         | unit).
         | 
         | 3. Qualifying for government-subsidized housing, in the form of
         | either Section 8 (voucher-based housing assistance), below
         | market rate rentals, or below market rate properties for
         | purchase. Many Bay Area municipalities have a local housing
         | authority that provides more information about local subsidized
         | housing programs.
         | 
         | 4. Shared living situations, whether it's with family, friends,
         | or strangers, helps reduce housing costs at the expense of
         | needing to share space with others. I know many people in the
         | Bay Area who wouldn't be able to afford to live here without
         | some type of shared accommodations.
         | 
         | 5. Some employers subsidize housing expenses. For example, some
         | universities in the Bay Area offer housing assistance to
         | tenure-track faculty members, ranging from down payment
         | assistance to zero-interest mortgages. There are some
         | universities that sell homes to faculty and staff at below-
         | market prices, with the stipulation that those properties get
         | sold to other faculty and staff once they are put up for sale.
        
       | zombiwoof wrote:
       | So dumb to pay according to where you live.
       | 
       | Fun fact: VCs own lots of corp and residential real estate. They
       | want to drive people to live in their areas, pay more but houses
       | cost more and it's just a big con
        
         | 01100011 wrote:
         | It's not just VCs. Do you think your manager wants their home
         | value to go down? They just paid $2.5 million for that 70 year
         | old box of aluminum wiring, lead paint and asbestos and they
         | sure as hell want to sell it for more when they retire.
        
         | rtpg wrote:
         | People say this as if there's some conspiracy.
         | 
         | But I think the uncoordinated explanation is just that annd top
         | executives often operate in a world where informal quick access
         | to a bunch of powerful people is important. And in that
         | universe it simply makes sense to have people be in the same
         | place.
         | 
         | And beyond that, in their eyes... why wouldn't you want to live
         | in these wonderful cities? Why wouldn't you want to be in the
         | office and work through things? These are people who self
         | select through working being their life so they barely
         | conceptualize alternatives
         | 
         | In the same way you can't conceptualize why someone would want
         | to be in the office, they can't conceptualize why you wouldn't.
        
       | notesinthefield wrote:
       | I zoomed in on my home county and the surrounding ones multiple
       | times and each time got a different result. It showed Franklin
       | county in Columbus Ohio to be Indianapolis.
        
       | bilsbie wrote:
       | Folks if you're at all senior don't accept less than 200K. It's
       | the new 100K. And for the level of value you bring to the table
       | you deserve at least a median house within commute distance of
       | your job.
        
         | JoeOfTexas wrote:
         | The job market for tech is saturated with all the layoffs. Not
         | many companies are going to pay anywhere close to 200k anymore.
        
       | derfnugget wrote:
       | this post made me immediately reach out for a raise. im not good
       | at this part of the job. i hate this part of the job. im an
       | engineer. first, last, and most importantly.
        
       | Aeolun wrote:
       | Omg, my employer is on the map xD
       | 
       | Guess there's something to be said for being headquartered in
       | Nashville.
       | 
       | It's a bit sad the pay there seems to easily be twice what they
       | pay in Japan :/
        
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       (page generated 2024-10-09 23:00 UTC)