[HN Gopher] Nobel Prize in Physics awarded to John Hopfield and ...
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       Nobel Prize in Physics awarded to John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton
       [pdf]
        
       Author : drpossum
       Score  : 729 points
       Date   : 2024-10-08 09:52 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nobelprize.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nobelprize.org)
        
       | jeffwass wrote:
       | As a former physicist (PhD in Experimental condensed matter
       | physics), I have to ask WTF?
       | 
       | I get the importance of AI development, but Physics?
        
         | tmelm wrote:
         | I'm equally as confused; huge WTF moment. Seems like a paradigm
         | breakthrough, in that Nobel Prizes can be given for discoveries
         | in tangential fields. Or perhaps it's due to Dr. Hopfields
         | physicist status, that all his discoveries are considered
         | physics related? Or that NNs are considered a part of physics /
         | nature?
        
         | Alifatisk wrote:
         | Yeah I was wondering the same, I get that this was fundamental
         | work, but how was this strongly tied to physics?
        
       | tempusalaria wrote:
       | What bizarre choice. Hinton's work has nothing to do with
       | physics.
       | 
       | Nobel prize jumping on the bandwagon, just like they did for mRNA
       | after covid. At least that was related to medicine.
       | 
       | The first 2 paragraphs of the linked pdf read like a joke. Like
       | it's a parody announcement.
        
         | jampekka wrote:
         | Hinton did introduce the Boltzmann machine networks that kind
         | of resemble thermodynamics if you squint really hard. And those
         | didn't really pan out.
         | 
         | Of course the price is really for MLP backpropagation (or how
         | it found applications) but I guess it's not physics enough.
         | 
         | Hopfield networks never really found use either, but they are
         | sort of related to Ising models and NNs, so I guess it's
         | physics then.
        
           | kgwgk wrote:
           | At least they already recognized actual spin-glasses research
           | in physics in 2021. That makes this award for this by-product
           | more puzzling though.
        
         | karmasimida wrote:
         | Boltzmann machine does quote physics as its inspiration, they
         | didn't award him for his work in BP and stuff.
         | 
         | But I agree, this feels like a stretch.
        
         | adastra22 wrote:
         | Or Obama's peace prize.
        
           | manquer wrote:
           | It is different for Peace prize , it has always been
           | political and different from day one , it is awarded by
           | Norwegian noble committee which is appointed by the Norwegian
           | parliament.
           | 
           | All other prizes are awarded in Sweden by Swedish academy(for
           | literature) , Royal Swedish Academy for sciences (physics and
           | chemistry) , karolinska institute (physiology) are all
           | professionally established organizations at the time of
           | Nobel's death with other activities professional
           | organizations do.
           | 
           | Norwegian Nobel committee while in theory independent is just
           | people appointed by the parliament with no need to have
           | professional standing in their field on which they are
           | supposed to award the prize in and it always shows .
           | 
           | Obama's prize is hardly the first egregious one or even the
           | most outrageous Henry Kissinger got one .
           | 
           | So it kind of matters on the changed standards in swedish
           | technical ones while peace has been disaster for half century
           | or more , with non transparent process selected by ex- MPs
        
             | adastra22 wrote:
             | Obama's and Kissinger's prizes are both disastrous for
             | entirely different reasons. And I don't mean anything
             | partisan by that. Kissinger was awarded a peace prize for
             | achieving a cease fire in the Vietnam war ... a war in
             | which he'd personally been responsible for some of the
             | worst and most illegal excesses. Obama was awarded the
             | peace prize for literally nothing. It was anticipatory,
             | meant to urge him towards ending American wars in the
             | Middle East (he escalated instead). The Nobel committee
             | gets it wrong looking both forwards and backwards.
        
         | BeetleB wrote:
         | > Hinton's work has nothing to do with physics.
         | 
         | Nor did Jack Kilby's invention of the IC, but they still gave
         | it to him.
         | 
         | You could probably argue the same for the invention of the
         | transistor...
        
         | hermitcrab wrote:
         | I agree. I don't see how this is physics in any accepted sense
         | of the word.
        
           | quaxi wrote:
           | When Alfred Nobel wrote his will in 1895, there was no
           | computer science or information theory.
           | 
           | One could argue it's closer to mathematics than physics, but
           | if you'd say to him that someone made sand think like a human
           | he might even put it under the medicine category.
        
       | jeanlucas wrote:
       | Awesome.
       | 
       | > They trained artificial neural networks using physics
       | 
       | Here's from Nobel Prize official website:
       | https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2024/press-release...
        
       | drpossum wrote:
       | I don't know if this is a travesty that they awarded the prize to
       | work on non-physical systems to jump on a bandwagon or that there
       | was nothing else obvious enough to the board in actual physics to
       | give this to.
       | 
       | If I was the awardee I'd consider declining just out of respect
       | to the field.
        
         | jgrahamc wrote:
         | The linked document connects their work to physics as follows:
         | 
         | "The Hopfeld network utilises physics that describes a
         | material's characteristics due to its atomic spin - a property
         | that makes each atom a tiny magnet. The network as a whole is
         | described in a manner equivalent to the energy in the spin
         | system found in physics, and is trained by fnding values for
         | the connections between the nodes so that the saved images have
         | low energy"
         | 
         | "Hinton used tools from statistical physics, the science of
         | systems built from many similar components."
        
           | drpossum wrote:
           | Then it should be awarded for the result.
           | 
           | Given the line of reasoning this has now opened up Alan
           | Turing should be awarded one posthumously in every field.
        
             | eigenket wrote:
             | He unironically should
        
               | volkadav wrote:
               | 100% agreed as I can't think of any one individual
               | since(1) who has done as much for all of science and
               | engineering as he ultimately did; alas, they are not
               | awarded posthumously.
               | 
               | (1) Newton would be a strong contender on a "for all
               | time" basis, but even he would've probably needed to
               | share it with Leibniz, which would have driven him
               | absolutely ~b o n k e r s~, like wet hornet in a hot
               | outhouse mad, LOL.
        
               | eigenket wrote:
               | von Neumann probably
        
           | jampekka wrote:
           | Neither of these models were never really influential though
           | beyond some theoretical niches.
        
             | drpossum wrote:
             | Yup. This prize is indistinguishable from "we saw AI in all
             | the headlines, let's see what's the most plausible reasons
             | we could hand it out for that"
        
           | wslh wrote:
           | It seems like a hallucination generated from a ChatGPT
           | prompt...
        
       | aquafox wrote:
       | "This year's laureates used tools from physics to construct
       | methods that helped lay the foundation for today's powerful
       | machine learning."
       | 
       | Does this mean if I'd use a deep understanding of birds to design
       | way more aerodynamic airplanes, I could get the Nobel prize in
       | physiology/medicine? Don't get me wrong, their work is probably
       | prize worthy, but shouldn't the Nobel prize in physics be awarded
       | for discoveries in the _physical world_?
        
         | vasco wrote:
         | Everything in the universe is a tool from physics - taps head
         | smugly.
        
           | rurban wrote:
           | Everything is either mathemetics or stamp-collecting (ie
           | social sciences).
           | 
           | Physics and chemistry are just applications of mathematics.
        
         | mglz wrote:
         | Hm, they have to fit them into Physics, Chemistry, Medicine,
         | Literature, or Peace. I guess physics is the closest they can
         | get without a gross missplacement? (Although you might be able
         | to absue literature for LLMs?)
        
           | mjburgess wrote:
           | They dont have to give them a nobel prize. They have not
           | advanced any of those areas.
        
             | dietr1ch wrote:
             | I think that you can grow mathematics through applied
             | mathematics. It's something that grows the domain where
             | Mathematics is useful, even though the maths themselves
             | where known and somewhat well understood in a more abstract
             | way.
             | 
             | Considering this, it feels odd not to allow a similar thing
             | to happen on physics.
        
           | raincole wrote:
           | It's definitely not how "they" work. It's not like a
           | committee choosing an achievement across all the fields and
           | then trying to put it into one of the 5 buckets.
           | 
           | We have Turning Award, Fields Award and the other thousands
           | of awards for achievements that can't be categorized as
           | Physics/Biology/Economics/Chemistry.
        
           | quantum_state wrote:
           | The Turing Prize is for contribution in computing ... History
           | would show this is not a good choice or taste of the Nobel
           | Physics Committee ...
        
         | kelahcim wrote:
         | Kahneman was awarded Nobel prize in economic sciences even
         | though his work was, in fact, all about psychology.
        
           | dosshell wrote:
           | Note that: There are no economic science Nobel prize.
           | 
           | Only one similar named price in the name and memory of Alfred
           | Nobel, which some how, is allowed to be part of the Nobel
           | prize celebration.
           | 
           | I guess my opinion is in minority, but i don't like that
           | another prize hijacks the Nobel prize.
        
         | nabla9 wrote:
         | Boltzmann machines and associative memories originate in
         | physics.
        
           | okintheory wrote:
           | But, the starting point of Neural Networks in the ML/AI
           | sense, is cybernetics + Rosenblatt's perceptron, research
           | done mathematicians (who became early computer scientists)
        
             | nabla9 wrote:
             | This is price in physics. Not price in Neural Networks.
             | Starting point of Hopfield's and Hintons work in recurrent
             | networks was physics analogy.
             | 
             | Neural networks and physical systems with emergent
             | collective computational abilities
             | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC346238/
        
               | varjag wrote:
               | Their work does not advance the field of physics in any
               | way, unless you insist to extend physics to each and
               | every discipline out there.
        
               | nabla9 wrote:
               | That's why I wrote that it was unexpected.I'm not taking
               | position of if this was deserved or undeserved, but this
               | was clearly in the realm of physics and inspired by it.
               | 
               | Accepting wrong arguments in support of positions you
               | have is not good way to live your life. It leads to
               | constipation.
        
         | seydor wrote:
         | I studied physics in the 90s and we had an NNs course, where
         | most of the models were inspired by physics (MLPs was just
         | one). NNs have been used since decades for identifying e.g. the
         | trajectories of particles at CERN. I remember Hinton's work
         | with Sejnowski (who probably should also be awarded). I was
         | actually surprised to find out that Hinton was not a physicist
         | by training
         | 
         | Obviously physicists take great interest in models of the brain
         | or models of intelligence. All of physics is modeling , after
         | all
        
           | drpossum wrote:
           | All of physics is modeling but not all modeling is physics.
        
             | evandrofisico wrote:
             | Not all modelling is physics, but a rather large part of
             | modeling is. My PhD is in complex systems, and you would be
             | surprised by the range of systems we did study. My work was
             | on a more "traditional" field of high dimension fractal
             | surfaces, but we had a student working on public transit
             | models, another on ecological pattern formation, and so on.
        
         | weinzierl wrote:
         | At least the somewhat free interpretation of field boundaries
         | is nothing new. The physicist Rutherford ( _" All science is
         | either Physics or stamp collecting_")[1] won the Chemistry
         | Nobel Prize.
         | 
         | Influence and consideration of the Zeitgeist is also nothing
         | new. Einstein got his prize for the discovery of the
         | Photoelectric Effect and not Relativity.
         | 
         | [1] I know that some people have interpreted this quote in
         | favor of the other sciences but I think that is far fetched.
        
         | eleveriven wrote:
         | It highlights the evolving nature of scientific boundaries
        
         | evandrofisico wrote:
         | I _IS_ a physics problem. Non physicists tend of think that the
         | only areas being studied are high energy and /or cosmology, but
         | modern physics covers a multitude of areas, including complex
         | systems.
        
           | NotYourLawyer wrote:
           | Complex non-physics systems?
        
           | YeGoblynQueenne wrote:
           | Does that mean that computer scientists who do neural network
           | research should be considered physicists? Do physics journals
           | accept submissions on neural networks research under the same
           | justification?
        
         | bjornsing wrote:
         | > Does this mean if I'd use a deep understanding of birds to
         | design way more aerodynamic airplanes, I could get the Nobel
         | prize in physiology/medicine?
         | 
         | Yes I think it does. But those planes would have to create one
         | hell of a buzz!
        
         | keybored wrote:
         | Plato: man is a featherless biped
         | 
         | The Society for Birdology now has the pleasure of jointly
         | awarding posthumously Plato and Diogenes with the Distinguished
         | Birdologist Award. Their findings on human anatomy used
         | insights from birdology at critical points. Well done, lads!
        
       | hoseja wrote:
       | Sweden Yes!
        
       | isaacfrond wrote:
       | Physics Nobel prize now also covers computer science, I guess.
        
         | programjames wrote:
         | Meh, neuroscience.
        
       | sega_sai wrote:
       | Physicist here. I'm sure Hinton deserves some sort of prize, but
       | in Physics is really bizarre.
        
         | jampekka wrote:
         | He did get the Turing award already in 2018.
        
       | Ma8ee wrote:
       | I think this is the Royal Academy of Sciences way to admit that
       | Physics as a research subject has ground to a halt. String theory
       | suffocated theoretical high energy physics for nearly half a
       | century with nothing to show for it, and a lot of other areas of
       | fundamental physics are kind of done.
        
         | mppm wrote:
         | It really has not, though. There is more to physics than high-
         | energy and cosmology, and there is no shortage of deserving
         | contributions of smaller scope. It really is bizarre that deep
         | learning would make it to the top of the list.
        
           | Ma8ee wrote:
           | Could you give me some examples of areas of fundamental
           | physics that are vital and have done some significant
           | discoveries lately? I genuinely would like to know, because I
           | really can't think of any.
        
             | eigenket wrote:
             | "Vital" is completely subjective but I'd throw stuff around
             | quantum information into the ring. Maybe you'd consider the
             | loop-hole free Bell tests performed in 2015 and awarded the
             | 2022 Nobel prize to count?
        
               | Ma8ee wrote:
               | I think the prize in 2022 was a nice prize, but it could
               | still be considering just tidying the corners. In the end
               | it just proved that things really work as most of us has
               | thought it worked for decades.
        
             | mppm wrote:
             | I'm probably not the right person to ask, but off the top
             | of my head: superconductivity of high-pressure hydrides;
             | various quantum stuff like quantum computing, quantum
             | cryptography, quantum photonics, quantum thermodynamics;
             | topological phases; rare decays (double beta, etc.); new
             | discoveries in cosmic rays, etc.
             | 
             | My point was that physics is a big and active field,
             | stagnation at the smallest and largest scales
             | notwithstanding. Note also that the Nobel committee is not
             | in any way limited to "newsworthy" stuff and has in many
             | cases awarded prizes decades after the fact.
        
         | eigenket wrote:
         | I think this is (very) inaccurate. It feels more like them
         | trying to jump on a "hot topic" bandwagon (machine learning/AI
         | hype is huge).
         | 
         | Physics as a discipline hasn't really stalled at all.
         | Fundamental physics arguably has, because no one really has any
         | idea how to get close to making experimental tests that would
         | distinguish the competing ideas. But even in fundamental
         | physics there are cool developments like the stuff from
         | Jonathan Oppenheim and collaborators in the last couple of
         | years.
         | 
         | That said "physics" != "fundamental physics" and physics of
         | composite systems ranging from correlated electron systems, and
         | condensed matter through to galaxies and cosmology is very far
         | from dead.
        
           | 620gelato wrote:
           | > trying to jump on a "hot topic" bandwagon
           | 
           | I don't know exactly what they hope to gain by jumping on
           | that bandwagon though; neither the physicists nor the
           | computer scientists are going to value this at all. And dare
           | I say, the general populace associated with the two fields
           | isn't going to either - case in point, this hn post.
           | 
           | If there weren't any noble-worthy nominations for physics,
           | maybe skip it? (Although that hasn't happened since 1972
           | across any field)
        
             | klwant wrote:
             | One possibility is that they think this will access hype
             | funding. Put "AI" in a physics paper and watch the grants
             | roll in.
        
               | eigenket wrote:
               | I kinda doubt it. The kind of people who end up
               | nominating people for Nobels or even making the decisions
               | on these aren't really struggling for grant funding.
        
         | noobermin wrote:
         | String theory and the foundations are not the only area of
         | physics. It would be nice for theorists to remember that.
        
         | api wrote:
         | My sense is that we might have reached the limits of what we
         | can do in high-energy or fundamental physics without accessing
         | energy levels or other extreme states that we currently can't
         | access as they are beyond our capacity to generate.
         | 
         | From what I've read (not a professional physicist) string
         | theory is not testable unless we can either examine a black
         | hole or create particle accelerators the size of the Moon's
         | orbit (at least). Many other proposed theories are similar.
         | 
         | There is some speculation that the hypothetical planet nine --
         | a 1-5 Earth mass planet predicted in the far outer solar system
         | on the basis of the orbits of comets and Kuiper Belt / TNO
         | objects -- could be a primordial black hole captured by the
         | solar system. A black hole of that mass would be about the size
         | of a marble to a golf ball, but would have 1-5g gravity at the
         | distance of Earth's radius.
         | 
         | If such an object did exist it would be within space probe
         | range, which would mean we could examine a black hole. That
         | might get us un-stuck.
         | 
         | If we can't do something like that, maybe we should instead
         | focus on other areas of physics that we can access and that
         | have immense practical applications: superconductivity,
         | condensed matter physics, plasmas / fusion, etc.
        
           | slashdave wrote:
           | Although rare, there are cosmic rays that do span very high
           | energies. You can access these from, for example, atmospheric
           | showers.
        
             | ngcc_hk wrote:
             | Looking at history it is a bit odd that cosmic rays as high
             | energy collider were not a field by itself.
        
           | sampo wrote:
           | > My sense is that we might have reached the limits of what
           | we can do in high-energy or fundamental physics without
           | accessing energy levels or other extreme states that we
           | currently can't access
           | 
           | How can we know, as past decades theoretical high-energy
           | physics has studied made-up mathematical universes that don't
           | tell much about our real universe. We haven't really given it
           | that much of a try, yet.
        
         | alwinaugustin wrote:
         | Even Sheldon Cooper stopped researching string theory at one
         | point.
        
         | amai wrote:
         | > Physics as a research subject has ground to a halt
         | 
         | Max Planck was told by his professor to not go into Physics
         | because "almost everything is already discovered". Planck said
         | he didn't want to discover anything, just learn the
         | fundamentals.
        
           | Ma8ee wrote:
           | First, I didn't say that I thought everything already was
           | discovered, but that the fundamental physics community
           | doesn't discover new things. That is due to how physics
           | research is practiced today and has nothing to do with how
           | much that is left to discover.
           | 
           | Second, even if it obviously wasn't true when Planck was told
           | that almost everything is discovered, it doesn't say anything
           | about the state today.
        
         | killerstorm wrote:
         | What if the next breakthrough is complex and not directly
         | accessible from our current state of math/physics thought?
         | 
         | I see no reasons to expect steady progress. Nobody knows how
         | long it would take to prove Riemann hypothesis, for example.
        
       | pvitz wrote:
       | Next year, the creators of Excel will get the prize, because it
       | is an implementation of the mathematical universe.
        
         | passwordoops wrote:
         | You know what, I can support this for its predecessor,
         | Lotus123. If ANNs are worthy of the prize in physics, then so
         | is this
        
           | jhbadger wrote:
           | VisiCalc, surely. Lotus 123, much like Excel, was just
           | following in the footsteps of the original spreadsheet.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VisiCalc
        
             | ngcc_hk wrote:
             | This practical idea of spreadsheet has much more impact to
             | society than many innovation. Nobel prize worthy.
        
         | incognition wrote:
         | Vbasic is Turing complete hah
        
       | logicchains wrote:
       | Imagine how Schmidhuber's feeling right now.
        
         | bobosha wrote:
         | haha!
        
         | throwaway2562 wrote:
         | Alas, poor Jurgen! I knew him, Horatio. A fellow of infinite
         | jest, of most excellent fancy...
        
         | beautifulfreak wrote:
         | reference:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Schmidhuber#Credit...
        
         | versteegen wrote:
         | That was my almost immediate reaction to the headline! Rarely
         | credited but rarely forgotten.
        
         | cubefox wrote:
         | I'm sure he writes an article pointing all the errors in the
         | official justification for the prize.
        
       | sva_ wrote:
       | Has anyone else won a Turing award as well as the Nobel prize in
       | physics?
        
       | protoman3000 wrote:
       | This is not physics. Does that mean there was no Nobel Price
       | worthy research happening in the field of physics?
        
       | Urahandystar wrote:
       | Looks like an award to increase the reputation of the Nobel
       | prize. Similar to Obama receiving the peace prize then starting
       | loads of wars.
        
         | vichle wrote:
         | Could you elaborate, which wars did he start? (honest question)
        
           | ulkram wrote:
           | "He launched airstrikes or military raids in at least seven
           | countries: Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria, Libya, Yemen, Somalia
           | and Pakistan."
           | 
           | https://www.latimes.com/projects/la-na-pol-obama-at-war/
        
             | vichle wrote:
             | Technically not the same thing but ironic/hypocritical
             | nonetheless.
        
             | medo-bear wrote:
             | nah no way. i thought obama kool
             | 
             | https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=zmIUm1E4OcI
             | 
             | so you can arguably add ukraine crisis to that list
        
             | sekai wrote:
             | > "He launched airstrikes or military raids in at least
             | seven countries: Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria, Libya, Yemen,
             | Somalia and Pakistan." https://www.latimes.com/projects/la-
             | na-pol-obama-at-war/
             | 
             | A bit different from "started a war".
        
               | YeGoblynQueenne wrote:
               | Just because those countries could not realistically
               | engage in a war with the US, seeing as they lack the
               | necessary technology. Obviously, if you shoot fish in a
               | barrel you're not starting a war with the fish, but that
               | doesn't necessarily mean you're doing much to advance
               | peace with the fish.
        
               | mardifoufs wrote:
               | If someone launched an airstrike against the continental
               | US, what exactly would that mean?
        
             | varjag wrote:
             | So the Great War with Pakistan turns out to be _checks
             | notes_ the raid on OBL compound?
        
           | crossroadsguy wrote:
           | Tangential to your question but not the premise of this
           | subthread/post - he became president in Feb 2009 and got the
           | award in October.
           | 
           | I don't think he started any new wars, but he inherited some
           | and continued. Anyway, the point here should be the absurdity
           | of a lot of Nobel awards and that stands - especially in his
           | case.
           | 
           | I mean Trump was nominated for the award for fuck's sake!
           | More than 2 or 3 times iirc. So anyway.
        
             | matsemann wrote:
             | The Nobel peace prize is awarded by a different institution
             | than the science ones. And there are hundreds of people
             | that can nominate, doesn't mean that a nomination reflects
             | anything upon the committee that awards the prize.
        
               | simiones wrote:
               | Each of the Nobel prizes is awarded by a different
               | committee from a different organization. The Nobel Peace
               | prize was established at the same time and in the same
               | way as the Literature, Physics, Physiology or Medicine,
               | and Chemistry prizes (through Alfred Nobel's will). Of
               | course, by its nature, it is the most political of the
               | prizes.
               | 
               | The only Nobel prize that is separate is the Economics
               | one, which was established much later and has no
               | connection to Alfred Nobel (it is paid for by Sweden's
               | central bank instead of the Nobel estate). But even that
               | one is administered by the same Nobel foundation.
        
             | DiogenesKynikos wrote:
             | Obama intervened in the Libyan civil war. The outcome was
             | disastrous for Libya (13 years of chaos and counting, the
             | entrance of ISIS into Libya, the re-emergence of slavery in
             | Libya, to name a few consequences). Obama blatantly
             | violated the War Powers Act, which requires the President
             | to seek Congressional approval for any war waged abroad
             | after 60 days. The act was passed on the tail end of the
             | Vietnam War, to prevent a repeat of things like Nixon
             | invading Cambodia in secret. The US Constitution gives
             | Congress the power to declare war, but that power is
             | absolutely meaningless if the President can just wage war
             | wherever he chooses without a declaration.
             | 
             | Obama specifically won the Nobel Peace Prize for talking
             | about his "vision of a world free from nuclear weapons" as
             | a candidate. As President, he initiated a massive program
             | to upgrade the US' nuclear arsenal. It made a complete
             | mockery of the Nobel Peace Prize, though Kissinger also won
             | the Nobel Peace Prize, so it's not as if the prize has any
             | credibility anyways.
        
               | varjag wrote:
               | The outcome was positive for Libya, as it experienced
               | only a fraction of human suffering compared to Syria
               | where the United States did not intervene against the
               | regime.
               | 
               | Either way Libya operation was spearheaded by France with
               | Obama joining only reluctantly later.
        
               | DiogenesKynikos wrote:
               | The US intervened in both civil wars, though in Syria its
               | involvement early on was much more through funding and
               | arming of various armed groups - notably Sunni
               | fundamentalist groups. How you can say that the outcome
               | was positive for Libya is beyond me. The country was
               | utterly destroyed. It went from being the one of the most
               | developed countries in Africa to a war-torn country with
               | competing warlords and open slave markets.
        
               | varjag wrote:
               | Human death toll in Libya and Syria differ by almost 60x.
               | Half a million Syrians could have lived, the refugee
               | crisis and the rise of far right in the West could be
               | avoided had Assad been droned in 2013. Putin would also
               | not have dared the 2014 annexation either.
        
               | DiogenesKynikos wrote:
               | The US had hundreds of thousands of troops on the ground
               | in Iraq for over a decade. More than half a million
               | Iraqis died. There was intense violence between different
               | religious groups and political factions. But you come
               | here and say that everything would have magically gotten
               | better with more US involvement in Syria.
               | 
               | A direct American intervention in Syria probably would
               | have made things even worse. Droning Assad, as you
               | suggest, probably would have led to an even greater
               | amount of chaos (besides being totally illegal). It's bad
               | enough as it is that the US funded Sunni extremists in
               | Syria.
        
               | mafribe wrote:
               | Can you explain why starting a war (still ongoing),
               | killing >10k people, and converting Africa's best
               | functioning and richest country into one of the world's
               | worst functioning places is positive outcome? I don't
               | understand this.
               | 
               | The Syrian Civil war was clearly (in parts) engineered by
               | the west. Here is some evidence.
               | 
               | - Western government spokesperson in 2003:
               | https://wikileaks.org/clinton-emails/emailid/18328
               | 
               | - In 2014, the West officially intervened in the Syrian
               | civil war: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US_intervention_
               | in_the_Syrian_...
               | 
               | - Western government spokesperson in 2018:
               | https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/global-
               | opinions/wp/2018/...
               | 
               | - As of 2024 the West still has at least 1000 military
               | personnel in Syria: https://theconversation.com/us-
               | military-presence-in-syria-ca...
        
               | varjag wrote:
               | American military on the ground did not engage Syrian
               | government forces except once in 2018 when they were
               | attacked. They were there only for ISIS.
               | 
               | See the sibling comment for human toll perspective.
        
             | vasco wrote:
             | Like it or not, one of the reasons Obama got the award was
             | his campaign promise of withdrawing from Iraq. Guess who
             | actually did it?
        
               | Apocryphon wrote:
               | You're mixing up wars.
        
               | vasco wrote:
               | https://www.americanprogress.org/article/the-promised-
               | withdr...
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Withdrawal_of_United_Stat
               | es_...
        
               | Apocryphon wrote:
               | That's the second withdrawal from a second presence,
               | requested by the Iraqi government after the rise of ISIL.
               | 
               | > The United States completed its prior withdrawal of
               | troops in December 2011, concluding the Iraq War.[9] In
               | June 2014, the United States formed Combined Joint Task
               | Force - Operation Inherent Resolve (CJTF-OIR) and re-
               | intervened at the request of the Iraqi government due to
               | the rise of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
               | (ISIL).
               | 
               | > On 9 December 2017, Iraq declared victory against ISIL,
               | concluding the 2013-2017 War in Iraq and commencing the
               | latest ISIL insurgency in Iraq.
               | 
               | Perhaps those troops should have been withdrawn for the
               | second time in early 2018. Alas, it took place after
               | messier circumstances.
               | 
               | > On 31 December 2019 through 1 January 2020, the United
               | States Embassy in Baghdad was attacked in response to the
               | airstrikes.[6] On 3 January 2020, the United States
               | conducted an airstrike that killed Iranian Major General
               | Qasem Soleimani and Kata'ib Hezbollah commander Abu Mahdi
               | al-Muhandis.[6] Iraq protested that the airstrike
               | violated their sovereignty.[13] > > In March 2020, the
               | U.S.-led coalition, Combined Joint Task Force - Operation
               | Inherent Resolve (CJTF-OIR), began transferring control
               | over a number of military installations back to Iraqi
               | security forces, citing developments in the multi-year
               | mission against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
               | (ISIL).
               | 
               | Or perhaps the second withdrawal has never actually
               | completed.
               | 
               | > In February 2021, NATO announced it would expand its
               | mission to train Iraqi forces in their fight against
               | ISIL,[14] partially reversing the U.S.-led troop
               | withdrawals. In April 2021, U.S. Central Command stated
               | that there were no plans for a total withdrawal of U.S.
               | forces from Iraq, citing continued threats posed by the
               | ISIL insurgency and Iran-backed militias.[3]
        
             | dagw wrote:
             | _I mean Trump was nominated for the award for fuck 's sake_
             | 
             | Being nominated only means that one of thousands of people
             | allowed to nominated candidates wrote your name on a piece
             | of paper and mailed it in. There is at least one right wing
             | Swedish politician who's been sending in Trumps name every
             | year for a while now.
             | 
             | The Nobel peace prize committee is not really responsible
             | for nominating candidates[1], only for selecting a winner
             | from the list of nominated candidates.
             | 
             | [1] Although I believe they are allowed to suggest names.
        
           | simiones wrote:
           | In addition to the other replies, he is the only US president
           | in modern history to explicitly authorize the assassination
           | of a US citizen without a trial, and create a legal doctrine
           | allowing future presidents to do so; and he was the major
           | escalator of the use of drone strikes in war (the practice
           | started with Bush, but it expanded many fold under Obama).
        
             | jay-barronville wrote:
             | > [...] [Obama] is the only US president in modern history
             | to explicitly authorize the assassination of a US citizen
             | without a trial
             | 
             | Just one of the many things Obama did that upsets me so
             | much. The precedent he set with that is criminal.
             | 
             | Of course I'm against terrorism, but our government MUST
             | NOT have the right to classify Americans as terrorists and
             | just execute them without a trial--via drone strikes!
             | 
             | Most Americans likely don't even know about what happened
             | to the al-Awlaki's, which is unfortunate.
        
         | Arkhaine_kupo wrote:
         | This is such a tired reply. The peace prize is not part of the
         | same group as the other awards, and a significant difference in
         | the peace award is that intent is awarded not results.
         | 
         | The dude who invented the MAD doctrine did not get the award
         | despite nuke deterrance doctrice being related to the least
         | amount of wars in any century since WW2.
         | 
         | But his platform of deescalation and his plans for american
         | foregin diplomacy were rewarded. He ultimately failed to reach
         | those goals (specially with the escalation on Afghanistan and
         | the emergence of groups like ISIS), but tbh the Iran agreement
         | and the Pacific trade agreement, killed and buried by the next
         | administration, would have created a massive buffer and
         | solution for the 2 hotspots we currently experience around the
         | middle east (where terrorism is largely sponsored by Iran) and
         | the Taiwan takeover by the CCP (would also be partially
         | neutralised by the Pacific trade talks).
         | 
         | He was naive, in the way the world was naive to the ability to
         | sacrifice prosperity that some leaders are capable of. He
         | underestimated how dumb and suicidal putin could be, he
         | underestimated how much China would be willing to sacrifice in
         | terms of potential, he underestimated how much violence was
         | latent and capable in the middle east. but his nobel peace
         | prize was due to his campaign running on nuclear proliferation
         | treaties and closer relationships with the muslim world which
         | had been entirely antagonistic since Bush
        
           | haunter wrote:
           | > This is such a tired reply. The peace prize is not part of
           | the same group as the other awards
           | 
           | It's called a Nobel prize and it was established by the will
           | of Alfred Nobel. So yes it's the same
        
           | vasco wrote:
           | The road to hell is paved with good intentions. The award
           | shouldn't have been given for intentions, before he even did
           | anything. We should not reward promises, but action. Even a
           | long term member of the committee expressed regret in them
           | giving it to Obama.
        
           | acoupleofts wrote:
           | > The least amount of wars in any century since WW2
           | 
           | :/
        
             | sph wrote:
             | We still have a decade or so to get back to average
             | 
             | Also, WW2 being so utterly destructive, back to back after
             | an arguably even worse global war, skews the stats a
             | little.
        
               | ngcc_hk wrote:
               | Ww1 is not a global war. The Asian and pacific theatre is
               | not in play. It is mostly an European war.
               | 
               | But it triggers ww2 because the treaty is too hard on
               | Germany. And crazy people has its soil prepared for their
               | madness.
        
           | js8 wrote:
           | > The dude who invented the MAD doctrine did not get the
           | award
           | 
           | No, he didn't win the award, because MAD doctrine (aside from
           | it being immoral) doesn't actually work in the real world.
           | 
           | It's an idealized model based on game theory, which doesn't
           | deal with pesky complexities such as irrationality, salami
           | tactics, short-range CBMs, anti-missile defenses, tactical
           | nukes and so on. (That's why many of these things used to be
           | banned by treaties, to continue to pretend that MAD is
           | actually required for peace. In reality many nations do not
           | have nukes and live in peace.)
        
             | Vecr wrote:
             | It does work, you just need credible trigger thresholds for
             | the salami tactics, treat tactical nukes as strategic, and
             | have enough nukes to punch through ABM.
        
           | mardifoufs wrote:
           | He received it before any of that. And Libya does actually
           | cancel every point you mention by the way. Because it's
           | actually not hard to have presidents not start wars at all-
           | both presidents since Obama did just that.
           | 
           | And if the real Nobel prize doesn't want the confusion around
           | its name to happen... it should do something about it?
        
           | Der_Einzige wrote:
           | The amount of people who act like Obama is a war monger
           | without understanding the situation he found himself in is
           | shockingly high, especially on a website like this with its
           | supposedly "educated" people.
           | 
           | Losing the TPP (Minus the IP parts)/Asia Pivot and the focus
           | away from Nuclear Non Proliferation are terrifying. Obama is
           | directly the reason why Myanmar had its democracy for as long
           | as it did, and most people in South East Asia have not found
           | anyone nearly as inspirational as him from America since 2016
           | and likely won't for awhile longer.
           | 
           | Obama was awesome, and his legacy has been unfairly
           | malingered. He was not the "warmonger" president that
           | revisionists like to portray him as.
        
         | hshshshsvsv wrote:
         | That was the whole point of nobel prize in first place lol.
        
         | okintheory wrote:
         | Absolutely. This makes very little sense, IMO, and is a bad
         | look for the committee, trying to claim 'physics' for something
         | that clearly is not.
        
         | ginko wrote:
         | >Looks like an award to increase the reputation of the Nobel
         | prize.
         | 
         | If anything it stains the reputation of the Nobel prize to me.
         | How seriously can you take the Nobel committee after this?
        
       | bogtog wrote:
       | I wonder if this'll help physics PhDs get industry jobs (I hear
       | Myron Scholes is up for the 2025 prize)
        
         | hellectronic wrote:
         | You mean like the ones working on Wall Street?
        
           | vasco wrote:
           | If you google who Myron Scholes is you'll see the person you
           | replied to made the same assertion already.
        
       | aquafox wrote:
       | "This year's laureates used tools from physics to construct
       | methods that helped lay the foundation for today's powerful
       | machine learning."
       | 
       | Does this mean if I'd use a deep understanding of birds to design
       | way more aerodynamic airplanes, I could get the Nobel prize in
       | physiology/medicine? Don't get me wrong, their work is probably
       | prize worthy, but shouldn't the Nobel prize in physics be awarded
       | for discoveries in the _physical world_?
        
         | programjames wrote:
         | > Don't get me wrong, their work is probably prize worthy
         | 
         | I would strongly disagree with you there. It's the exact same
         | idea as the least squares approximation or conjugate gradient
         | method: create an energy function from a quadratic and minimize
         | it.
        
       | cfcf14 wrote:
       | So uh, things are not looking so good for actual physics these
       | days, I gather?
        
         | sva_ wrote:
         | Interesting thought. I hear some voices saying theoretical
         | physics is stuck with string theory, but am not really
         | qualified to make a judgement.
        
           | drpossum wrote:
           | Physics is not stuck in string theory as physics is not just
           | high energy theoretical particle physics. There's also more
           | going on in high energy theoretical particle physics than
           | just "string theory".
        
             | Animats wrote:
             | Much of the experimental action in recent decades has been
             | in _low_ energy theoretical particle physics. Down near
             | absolute zero, where quantum effects dominate and many of
             | the stranger predictions of quantum mechanics can be
             | observed directly. The Nobel Prizes in physics for 1996,
             | 1997, 1998, 2001, and 2003 were all based on experimental
             | work down near absolute zero.
        
           | rty32 wrote:
           | Nobel prize was awarded to theoretical work in 2021:
           | https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2021/popular-
           | infor...
           | 
           | "theoretical physics" is such a big and ambiguous concept
           | that physicists tend not to use the word in discussions.
           | Thereotical work often involves a lot of numerical simulation
           | on super computers these days which are kind of their own
           | "experiments". And it is usually more productive to just
           | mention the specific field, e.g. astronomy, condensed matter,
           | AMO etc, and you can be sure there is always a lot of
           | discoveries in each area.
        
         | oefrha wrote:
         | Former high energy theorist here: things are not looking so
         | good for high energy physics (both theoretical and
         | experimental) which loosely speaking accounted for maybe
         | 1/3-1/2 of Nobel Prizes in the 20th century. That's part of the
         | reason I got out. I'm inclined to say astrophysics and
         | cosmology, another pillar of the fundamental understanding of
         | the universe, isn't doing that well either, probably in the
         | okayish but not as exciting as it used to be territory. I'm not
         | qualified to talk about other fields.
        
           | dotnet00 wrote:
           | I think saying they're not looking good might be a bit of an
           | exaggeration. Technological developments in both high energy
           | physics and astrophysics stuff are in-between generations of
           | technology right now, which is why things are a bit slower
           | than usual.
           | 
           | With astrophysics, we're probably going to need the more
           | sensitive gravitational wave detectors that are in
           | development to become operational for new big breakthroughs.
           | With high energy physics, many particle colliders and
           | synchrotron light sources seem to be undergoing major
           | upgrades these days. While particle colliders tend to get the
           | spotlight in the public eye and are in a weird spot regarding
           | the expected research outcomes, light sources are still doing
           | pretty well afaik.
           | 
           | This Nobel I think is mainly because AI has overwhelmingly
           | dominated the public's perception of scientific/technological
           | progress this year.
        
             | T-A wrote:
             | > With high energy physics, many particle colliders and
             | synchrotron light sources seem to be undergoing major
             | upgrades these days.
             | 
             | AFAIK synchrotron light sources are tools for materials
             | science and other applied fields, not high energy physics.
             | Did I miss something?
             | 
             | I am also puzzled by the "many particle colliders". There
             | is currently only one capable of operating at the high
             | energy frontier. It's getting a luminosity upgrade [1]
             | which will increase the number of events, but those will
             | still be the 14 TeV proton-proton collisions it's been
             | producing for years. There is some hope that collecting
             | more statistics will reveal something currently hidden in
             | the background noise, but I wouldn't bet on it.
             | 
             | [1] https://home.cern/science/accelerators/high-luminosity-
             | lhc
        
               | dotnet00 wrote:
               | >AFAIK synchrotron light sources are tools for materials
               | science and other applied fields, not high energy
               | physics. Did I miss something?
               | 
               | When you put it like that, yeah, I was kinda being
               | stupid. During my stint doing research at a synchrotron
               | light source I was constantly told to focus on thinking
               | like a physicist (rather than as a computer engineer) and
               | most of the work of everyone who wasn't a beamline
               | scientist was primarily physics focused, which is what
               | led me to think that way. But you're right in that it
               | might not make much sense for me to say that makes them
               | high energy physics research tools first.
               | 
               | >I am also puzzled by the "many particle colliders".
               | There is currently only one capable of operating at the
               | high energy frontier. It's getting a luminosity upgrade
               | [1] which will increase the number of events, but those
               | will still be the 14 TeV proton-proton collisions it's
               | been producing for years. There is some hope that
               | collecting more statistics will reveal something
               | currently hidden in the background noise, but I wouldn't
               | bet on it.
               | 
               | The RHIC is also in the process of being upgraded to the
               | EIC. But overall, yes, that's why I said they were in a
               | 'weird' spot. I too am not convinced that the upgrades
               | will offer Nobel-tier breakthroughs.
        
           | nullindividual wrote:
           | As a layman, the visualization of black holes, the
           | superstructure above and below the Milky Way, JWST's distant
           | galaxy discoveries, gravitational wave detectors as
           | mentioned, and some of the Kuiper Belt observations all seem
           | to be interesting and exciting.
           | 
           | Oh and the death of string theory!
        
           | juanjmanfredi wrote:
           | What are you considering "high energy physics"? "1/3-1/2 of
           | Nobel Prizes in the 20th century" is a significant
           | overestimation unless you are including topics not
           | traditionally included in high energy physics. For example,
           | there were many Nobel prizes in nuclear physics, which shares
           | various parallels with high energy physics in terms of
           | historical origins, experimental techniques, and theoretical
           | foundations. But nuclear physics is in a very exciting era of
           | experimental and theoretical developments, so your "not
           | looking so good" description does not apply.
        
             | oefrha wrote:
             | Much of nuclear physics was effectively "high energy
             | physics" (or more appropriately named elementary particle
             | physics) back in the day. They ceased to be elementary or
             | high energy at some point. My very loose categorization is
             | everything on the microscopic path towards the fundamental
             | theories; and there's another macroscopic path, cosmology.
             | 
             | Edit: Expanded a few times.
        
         | optimalsolver wrote:
         | Well I'm sure a $50 billion collider will fix things.
        
           | fnands wrote:
           | Please bro just one more collider. Just one more collider
           | bro. I swear bro we're gonna fix physics forever. Just one
           | more collider bro. We could go up or even underground. Please
           | bro just one more collider.
        
       | ghrqan wrote:
       | What an odd rationale. Please do not devalue the Physics Nobel
       | Prize to the status of the Nobel Peace Prize.
       | 
       | This is overtly driven by expediency or business interests and
       | ignores all societal problems.
       | 
       | Be happy that you get your billions for CERN and keep a low
       | profile.
        
         | napa3uT wrote:
         | this is a painfully accurate description of how we feel we are
         | treated(CERN physicists that is) are you an ex colleague or
         | something :)
        
       | jwilk wrote:
       | See also https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41775449 (> 40
       | comments).
        
       | kleiba wrote:
       | This must piss Schmidhuber off like nothing else.
        
         | raverbashing wrote:
         | To the point of nuclear fusion even.
        
         | karmakurtisaani wrote:
         | A very long and detailed blog post incoming. Spoiler alert: the
         | Nobel prize should have been awarded to Godel/Hilbert (and
         | Schmidhuber).
        
         | kleiba wrote:
         | Ironically, he _is_ cited in this article.
        
       | karavelov wrote:
       | Waiting for Sabine's comment: "Told you so, physics is dead"
        
         | varjag wrote:
         | Naturally she's not happy
         | https://x.com/skdh/status/1843592351736050053
        
           | lucaslucasluke wrote:
           | Could you copy and paste her post in here? I'm brazilian and
           | our STF overlords have decided that we shall not access
           | twitter anymore
        
             | hnfong wrote:
             | The other comment (sibling of the one you replied to)
             | already quoted the entire tweet. (Yes it's short and
             | snarky.)
        
         | noobermin wrote:
         | "
         | 
         | And the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics does not go to physics...
         | 
         | "
         | 
         | https://x.com/skdh/status/1843592351736050053
        
       | noobermin wrote:
       | May be I should know better, but is there no Nobel category for
       | computer science or mathematics? This isn't physics, this is
       | absolutely embarrassing. May be all those bitter elder physicists
       | who didn't get a prize can feel a little justified in their
       | derision of the institution.
        
         | drpossum wrote:
         | There no Nobel category for computer science or mathematics.
         | 
         | Related reading
         | 
         | https://hsm.stackexchange.com/questions/24/why-isnt-there-a-...
        
         | eigenket wrote:
         | Computer science has the Turing award and mathematics the
         | Fields medal. Neither is exactly equivalent to the Nobel but
         | they're similar levels of prestige.
         | 
         | The Nobel prize fields and criteria are a bit random, they're
         | essentially just whatever Alfred Nobel wrote in his will.
        
           | dagw wrote:
           | _they 're similar levels of prestige_
           | 
           | Within their respective fields, not in general. What makes
           | the Nobel so unique and desirable is that everybody knows
           | what it is and is impressed by it. Mentioning that you've won
           | a Nobel prize will impress people and open doors in virtually
           | any circumstance. Saying you have a Turing award will mostly
           | lead to blank stares from anybody outside the field.
        
             | nxobject wrote:
             | It also lets you co-host the Ig Nobels, if that's a more
             | meaningful accomplishment to you.
        
         | amai wrote:
         | How about a "Nobel Memorial Prize in Computer Sciences" similar
         | to the
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Econ...
        
           | etiam wrote:
           | Perhaps not a bad idea in that specific instance, but they're
           | so embarrassed today about getting bought for the economics
           | one that doing something similar again has become effectively
           | out of the question (and on a balance I think that's for the
           | best).
        
       | programjames wrote:
       | This is embarrassing. I would say Hopfield networks aren't even
       | very revolutionary in neuroscience, but they're so old I can't
       | tell. In terms of AI... they've been irrelevant for thirty years.
       | I guess you could argue a transformer is a generalized Hopfield
       | network, but of course that's a post-hoc understanding. None of
       | this has anything to do with physics.
       | 
       | So what if an energy function lets you approximate the number of
       | macro-states it can capture? Should every mathematics paper with
       | Lagrange multipliers be put up for nomination? Every poll that
       | uses the law of large numbers, and thus, entropy? Surely the
       | computer scientists building the internet need to be included as
       | well, since their work is based in information theory.
       | 
       | Or maybe, hear me out, we reserve the Nobel Prize in physics for
       | advances in the physical sciences, understanding _physical_
       | reality or how to bend it to our will.
        
         | seewhydee wrote:
         | Had they wanted a good ML relevant physics Nobel, the committee
         | had decades to award a prize to Marshall and Arianna Rosenbluth
         | for the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. Would have been self-
         | evidently important and relevant to both physics and ML. Too
         | late now -- Arianna died in 2020.
        
         | kenjackson wrote:
         | Curious, would Peter Shor qualify? I struggle if his work is
         | really just CS or enough physics to be in the discussion.
        
           | jampekka wrote:
           | There were some predictions that Peter Shor could win this
           | year for quantum computation. I'd say his work is a lot
           | closer to physics than Hinton's or Hopfield's.
        
         | jampekka wrote:
         | Neither Hopfield networks nor Restricted Boltzmann
         | Machines/Deep Belief Networks really panned out for any
         | purposes outside some theoretical niches.
         | 
         | The prize was awarded for "AI" and the tenous links to physics
         | of some irrelevant models are just an excuse.
        
         | ants_everywhere wrote:
         | I agree this is rather bizarre.
         | 
         | But let's not forget that the brain is a physical system and
         | that neural networks are part of the reason we understand the
         | brain as well as we do.
         | 
         | There was a long period where people like Chomsky thought the
         | brain couldn't learn fast enough and that knowledge had to be
         | innate.
        
           | kgwgk wrote:
           | > neural networks are part of the reason we understand the
           | brain as well as we do
           | 
           | We don't understand much then.
        
         | coliveira wrote:
         | The goal here is to attribute a very important area in
         | contemporary technology to physicists. This prize advances
         | physics in terms of giving it higher importance in the minds of
         | lay people and journalists.
        
         | benrapscallion wrote:
         | This is the only plausible reason:
         | 
         | "These artificial neural networks have been used to advance
         | research across physics topics as diverse as particle physics,
         | materials science, and astrophysics," Ellen Moons, chair of the
         | Nobel Committee for Physics, said at a press conference this
         | morning.
        
           | rvnx wrote:
           | Must be, because in the field of artificial intelligence, if
           | these techniques are not in production and considered
           | obsoletes it's for a good reason.
           | 
           | It may have been state-of-the-art in 1980s, but now is a bit
           | late.
           | 
           | Very smart people in their time though.
           | 
           | In current times, a global prize to the transformers folks at
           | least make more sense considering the context (despite it not
           | being Physics).
        
             | versteegen wrote:
             | The landmark Deep Belief Networks (stacked RBMs) paper in
             | Science was in 2006 [1]. DBNs were completely obsolete
             | quite quickly, but don't deny the immense influence of this
             | line of research. It has over 23k citations, and was my
             | introduction to deep learning, for one. And cited by the
             | Nobel committee.
             | 
             | You're completely incorrect to say RBMs were of theoretical
             | interest only. They have had plenty of practical use in
             | computer vision/image modelling up to at least a few years
             | ago (I haven't followed them since). Remember the first
             | generative models of human faces?
             | 
             | Edit: Wow, Hinton is still pushing forward the state of the
             | art on RBMs for image modelling, and I am impressed with
             | how much they've improved in the last ~5 years. Nowhere
             | near diffusion models, sure, but "reasonably good". [2]
             | 
             | [1] G.E. Hinton and R. Salakhutdinov, 2006, Science.
             | "Reducing the Dimensionality of Data with Neural Networks"
             | 
             | [2] "Gaussian-Bernoulli RBMs Without Tears"
             | https://arxiv.org/pdf/2210.10318
        
           | jovial_cavalier wrote:
           | Many wrenches and powertools were essential in building the
           | LHC, but they didn't give the prize to Black & Decker or
           | DeWalt either.
        
           | jampekka wrote:
           | And medicine and literature and chemistry and war. Maybe
           | they'll get all the prizes?
        
       | lr1970 wrote:
       | Honestly, I am stunned by today's Nobel committee announcement.
       | Hinton's Boltzmann machine is a clever construct that nobody,
       | repeat nobody, in the AI and ML is using anymore in actual
       | practice.
       | 
       | EDIT: add minor clarification.
        
       | ks2048 wrote:
       | Next: Authors of "Attention is all you need" paper get Nobel
       | Prize in Literature for writing one of the most read papers in
       | past decade.
        
         | pavlov wrote:
         | Bob Dylan already won that prize to similar controversy.
        
           | oefrha wrote:
           | Nobel Prize in Literature has always been controversial. It
           | seems that the Physics Prize is headed that way (it's not
           | just this year)...
        
         | agomez314 wrote:
         | this is the best comment
        
         | hnfong wrote:
         | I think the Nobel Prize in Literature for "the most copied
         | paper title" seems a better justification.
         | 
         | The first page of google for "Hopfield Networks" is " _Hopfield
         | Networks is all you need_ ". No kidding...
        
       | RandomLensman wrote:
       | Maybe just scrap the categories and have set or prizes for
       | whatever sort of advanced humanity the most?
        
       | elashri wrote:
       | As a physicist, my reaction to this is how bizarre is that. Maybe
       | he deserves a nobel prize but in physics?
       | 
       | Also arguing that NN is used in physics so we can argue nobel
       | prize is okay is like asking for Stephan Wolfram to be awarded
       | Nobel prize for Mathematica which is much more used in physics as
       | a tool. And he is a physicist and had contributions to the field
       | of numerical relativity (The reason he created Mathematica in the
       | first place).
       | 
       | The royal science academy fucked up so much with this choice.
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | It feels a bit like the field of physics claiming the invention
         | of AI, where we all know that mathematics and/or CS deserve the
         | honor.
        
           | alkonaut wrote:
           | I think the Nobel prize doesn't want any scientific advance
           | to fall _outside_ the range of awards entirely.
        
           | meindnoch wrote:
           | >where we all know that mathematics and/or CS deserve the
           | honor
           | 
           | Or semiconductor manufacturers.
           | 
           | All the math and CS needed for AI can fit on a napkin, and
           | had been known for 200+ years. It's the extreme scaling
           | enabled by semiconductor science that really makes the
           | difference.
        
             | jampekka wrote:
             | TBF backpropagation was introduced only in the 1970's,
             | although in hindsight it's a quite trivial application of
             | the chain rule.
             | 
             | There were also plenty of "hacks" involved to make the
             | networks scale such as dropout regularization, batch
             | normalization, semi-linear activation functions (e.g. ReLU)
             | and adaptive stochastic gradient descent methods.
             | 
             | The maths for basic NNs is really simple but the practice
             | of them is really messy.
        
               | miven wrote:
               | Residual connections are also worth mentioning as an
               | extremely ubiquitous adaptation, one will be hard-pressed
               | to find a modern architecture that doesn't use those at
               | least to some extent, to the point where the original
               | Resnet paper sits at over 200k citations according to
               | google scholar[1].
               | 
               | [1] https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_cit
               | ation&h...
        
               | cma wrote:
               | Highway nets introduced them in the 90s
        
             | programjames wrote:
             | > All the math and CS needed for AI can fit on a napkin,
             | and had been known for 200+ years.
             | 
             | This isn't really true. If you read a physics textbook from
             | the early 1900s, they didn't really have multivariate
             | calculus and linear algebra expressed as concisely as we do
             | now. It would take several napkins. Plus, statistical
             | mechanics was quite rudimentary, which is important for
             | probability theory.
        
             | cubefox wrote:
             | That's absurd. The computer science needed for AI has not
             | been known for 200 years. For example, transformers were
             | only invented in 2017, diffusion models in 2015.
             | 
             | (When the required math was invented is a different
             | question, but I doubt all of it was known 200 years ago.)
        
             | zmgsabst wrote:
             | I don't think calculus existed at sufficient rigor 200
             | years ago.
             | 
             | Computer science wasn't even a thing 100 years ago.
        
               | KeplerBoy wrote:
               | Calculus has been around for quite some time.
               | 
               | If Newton had the machinery to fit large models to data,
               | he would have done so. No doubt.
        
               | zmgsabst wrote:
               | Cauchy's main work was under 200 years ago; and there's
               | been quite a lot of work since.
               | 
               | Again, I'm unsure that calculus existed at sufficient
               | level 200 years ago -- it didn't appear in modern form
               | from either Leibniz or Newton.
        
           | cubefox wrote:
           | Someone changed the Wikipedia article today to call Hopfield
           | a "physicist". Previously the article called him simply a
           | scientist, because his main work wasn't limited to physics. I
           | changed it back now, let's see if it holds up.
        
             | xanderlewis wrote:
             | It's 'physicist' again now.
        
           | oefrha wrote:
           | The Nobel Committee doesn't represent the field of physics. I
           | talked to a few former colleagues (theoretical physicists)
           | just now and every one of them found this bizarre.
        
         | lr1970 wrote:
         | By this definition Claude Shannon (the father of Information
         | Theory) clearly deserves a Nobel in Physics. The central
         | concept in Information Theory is Entropy which is defined
         | literally the same way as in Physics. And Shannon's Information
         | Theory clearly revolutionized our life (tele-communications)
         | much more than Hopfield network or Hinton's Boltzmann machine.
        
           | drpossum wrote:
           | Fun historical fact: Claude Shannon did win the Noble prize
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Noble_Prize#Recipients
        
             | elashri wrote:
             | That's different local prize by the American society of
             | civil engineers.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Noble_Prize
        
               | drpossum wrote:
               | Yes. That's the joke.
        
               | hnfong wrote:
               | [party pooping] It would have been better delivery if you
               | said " _a_ Nobel prize " instead of " _the_ ".
        
               | thw09j9m wrote:
               | Noble != Nobel
        
               | hnfong wrote:
               | Ah my bad.
        
             | lr1970 wrote:
             | In 1939 Claude Shannon won the "wrong" Nobel prize -- The
             | Alfred Noble Prize award presented by the American Society
             | of Civil Engineers [0]. It causes a lot of confusion.
             | Claude Shannon never won a "real Nobel".
             | 
             | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Noble_Prize
             | 
             | EDIT: typos
        
         | rramadass wrote:
         | Right; the Nobel Committee has officially "jumped the shark".
         | 
         | Reminds me of the old classic _Physics and Politics by Walter
         | Bagehot._
        
         | yreg wrote:
         | > Maybe he deserves a nobel prize but in physics?
         | 
         | Which category fits better?
        
       | huijzer wrote:
       | In some sense it makes sense to award AI researchers on behalf of
       | the physics community because I know many physics PhD's who thank
       | their job to AI; they work as data scientist now.
       | 
       | Jokes aside, physics is a bit stuck because it's hard to do
       | experiments at the boundaries of what we know, as far as I
       | understand. So then it makes sense I guess to award people who
       | made useful tools for physics.
        
         | openrisk wrote:
         | > it's hard to do experiments at the boundaries of what we know
         | 
         | this applies primarily to fundamental physics. There are many
         | areas of applied physics (materials, fusion, biophysics,
         | atmospheric physics, etc. etc.) where the main constrain is
         | understanding complex systems. These areas are quite crucial
         | for society.
        
           | hoseja wrote:
           | As evidenced by the search for room temperature low pressure
           | superconductors.
        
             | cha42 wrote:
             | Or toothpath dynamic.
        
       | alwinaugustin wrote:
       | It's time to consider adding computer science as a category for
       | the Nobel Prize. They have already been awarded prizes for
       | economic sciences and peace, so why not computer science? It's
       | not the same as physics, and its impact on modern life is
       | undeniable
        
         | matsemann wrote:
         | Is that even "possible"? As in, they have to follow the rules
         | of the organization, which have some criteria laid out. Not
         | sure who could stop them from changing, though. Like, I think
         | the original intent was to have done the most the preceding
         | year, but now it's more of a lifetime award. So perhaps they
         | can change or add different categories if wanted.
        
         | amai wrote:
         | How about a "Nobel Memorial Prize in Computer Sciences" similar
         | to the
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Econ...
        
         | ginko wrote:
         | Why though? The Turing award exists.
        
           | og_kalu wrote:
           | People often say that the Turing award is the Nobel Prize of
           | computing but that's not really true. The Turing award is the
           | most prestigious award in computing yes but that's not enough
           | for Noble like recognition/pedigree.
           | 
           | What makes the Nobel prize unique is that almost anyone, even
           | the general public or pioneers in other fields etc can here
           | you received one and be very impressed. You'll generally be
           | met with blank stares if you told anyone not in computing or
           | an enthusiast you'd won a Turing. Even if you then said,
           | "It's the most prestigious award in computing!", it wouldn't
           | hit the same.
           | 
           | Awards like these are basically only really worth their
           | social recognition, so it's no surprise people would still
           | want a Nobel in Computing/Mathematics etc even with
           | Turing/Field etc existing.
        
         | kgwgk wrote:
         | > They have already been awarded prizes for [..] peace
         | 
         | Since 1901.
        
       | anonymousDan wrote:
       | What a bunch of BS, yet another field trying to steal the thunder
       | of CS. How often have I had to listen to physicists sneer at CS
       | as not a proper science!
        
         | napa3uT wrote:
         | thanks the feeling is mutual since comp scientists sneer at
         | physicists too, just for other reasons
        
           | anonymousDan wrote:
           | Really? Why would comp scientists sneer at physicists?
        
       | nabla9 wrote:
       | Most commenters here don't know that Boltzmann machines and
       | associative memories existed in condensed matter physics long
       | before they were used in cognitive science or AI.
       | 
       | The Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model of spin glass is a Hopfield
       | network with random initialization.
       | 
       | Boltzmann machine is Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model with external
       | field.
       | 
       | This is price in physics given to novel use of stochastic spin-
       | glass modelling. Unexpected, but saying this is not physics is
       | not correct.
        
         | selimthegrim wrote:
         | Also double descent was discovered already by physicists in
         | 80s-90s
        
           | archmutant wrote:
           | In curious what's the context for this?
        
         | xqcgrek2 wrote:
         | The methods may be inspired by physics, but they have made no
         | contribution to understanding physical laws or phenomena.
         | 
         | It's mathematical/CS work. The connection to actual physical
         | laws or phenomena is even more tenuous than the prize for
         | exoplanets a few years ago.
         | 
         | The Nobel prize physics committee has made itself a joke, and
         | probably destroyed the credibility of the prize.
        
           | parodysbird wrote:
           | > but they have made no contribution to understanding
           | physical laws or phenomena.
           | 
           | Neural networks are used in tons of data pipelines for
           | physics experiments, most notably with particle accelerators.
           | 
           | The Nobel Prize is also occasionally awarded to engineers who
           | develop tools that are important parts of experiments. 2018
           | for example was awarded for chirped pulse amplification,
           | which is probably best known for being used in LASIK eye
           | surgery, but it is also used in experimental pipelines.
        
             | empiko wrote:
             | The techniques highlighted in this prize are not really
             | that useful for deep learning.
        
               | etiam wrote:
               | You mean besides bringing it into existence at all?
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | They did not bring it into existence. The MLP is older
               | than the Hopfield network. The invention that made it
               | practical was back propagation, which wasn't used here at
               | all.
        
               | empiko wrote:
               | Please explain how Hopfield network influenced modern
               | deep learning models based on supervised differentiable
               | training. All the "impactful" architectures such as MLP,
               | CNN, Attention, come from a completely different
               | paradigm, a paradigm that could be more straightforwardly
               | connected to optimization theory.
        
             | hnfong wrote:
             | > Neural networks are used in tons of data pipelines for
             | physics experiments
             | 
             | With this argument you could even say Bill Gates should get
             | an award for inventing Windows and popularized the desktop
             | computer... Or at least Linus Torvalds since those
             | pipelines are probably running Linux...
        
               | parodysbird wrote:
               | No you couldn't. Windows doesn't have any bearing on
               | outcomes, whereas machine learning methods directly
               | impact the data and probability inference.
        
               | slashdave wrote:
               | Yeah, well, those pipelines are running on HPCs that are
               | using linux. Particle physicists kind of hate Windows.
        
         | twic wrote:
         | So if they used a genetic algorithm, they could have got the
         | prize for biology?
        
           | dawnofdusk wrote:
           | There is no nobel prize for biology
        
         | dawnofdusk wrote:
         | Agree completely, being in this field.
         | 
         | However, it is weird for the committee to give a prize for
         | theoretical physics without an experiment. It is doubly weird
         | when they already made this "mistake" in 2021 with Parisi, who
         | was the odd one out among the geophysicists, and are giving
         | another prize in spin glass/stat phys... why?
        
           | nabla9 wrote:
           | In summary, it's definitely related to physics, but kind of
           | weird choice.
           | 
           | Why David Sherrington and Scott Kirkpatrick did not share the
           | price for the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model? Hopfield is
           | referencing their work?
           | 
           | Multiple theoretical physicists working with black holes
           | (Hawkin's and others) didn't get Nobel, because black holes
           | were not confirmed or theory could not be tested.
        
       | snitty wrote:
       | Chemists everywhere are wondering where this furor has been for
       | the forty years or so.
        
         | nullhole wrote:
         | Physicists stole the chemistry prize, now computer scientists
         | are stealing the physics prize, I guess
        
       | GistNoesis wrote:
       | Since most papers nowadays are written by AI, and peer reviewed
       | by AI, it only seemed logical for AI to be used by the Nobel
       | committee to award the godfather of AI.
       | 
       | Thanks to AI, you now only have to to ask any GPT for the source
       | code of the universe to get the code. Since physics is now a
       | solved problem, we should recenter ourselves on more important
       | questions like why did AI create the universe ?
       | 
       | Hopefully AI will have an answer soon.
        
       | T-A wrote:
       | For what it's worth, the "Advanced information" PDF does a
       | somewhat better job of trying to explain the rationale than the
       | linked press release:
       | 
       | https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2024/09/advanced-physicsp...
        
         | amai wrote:
         | Interesting. LeCun, Bengio, Schmidhuber and Hochreiter are
         | (amongst others) also mentioned in this article.
        
           | karmakurtisaani wrote:
           | Eagerly waiting for Schmidhuber's comment on the prize.
        
         | ricksunny wrote:
         | Thanks for finding/providing that link. p.10
         | 
         | "Highly sought-after fundamental particles, such as the Higgs
         | boson, only exist for a fraction of a second after being
         | created in high-energy collisions (e.g. ~10-22 s for the Higgs
         | boson). Their presence needs to be inferred from tracking
         | information and energy deposits in large electronic detectors.
         | Often the anticipated detector signature is very rare and could
         | be mimicked by more common background processes. _To identify
         | particle decays and increase the efficiency of analyses, ANNs
         | were trained to pick out specific patterns in the large volumes
         | of detector data being generated at a high rate._ " (emphasis
         | mine)
         | 
         | It concerns me reading stuff like this (one can find similar
         | for the original LIGO detection of gravitational waves) without
         | accompanying qualification. B/c I want to hear them justify why
         | it shouldn't sound like 'we created something that was trained
         | to beg the question ad nauseam'. Obvs on a social trust basis I
         | have every reason to believe these seminal discoveries are
         | precisely as reported. But I'd just like to see what the stats
         | _look_ like - even if I 'm probably incapable of really
         | understanding them - that are able to guarantee the validity of
         | an observation when the observation is by definition _new_ ,
         | and therefore has never been detected before, and therefore
         | cannot have produced an a priori test set (outside of
         | simulation) baseline to compare against.
        
       | mjburgess wrote:
       | I've always sided with Feynman on this, and this proves him
       | right: wtf do these people think they are appointing themselves
       | fit to hand out trinkets and baubles on behalf of global
       | scientific achievement?
       | 
       | It brings the award into disrepute, or at least in a Feynman way,
       | exposes the inherent disreputability of awards themselves: who
       | are they to award such a prize on behalf of physics?
       | 
       | Awards committees: self-serving self-appointed cliques of
       | prestige chasers
        
         | _zamorano_ wrote:
         | Altough of course you're right, let's play devil's advocate an
         | imagine a world without Nobel prices.
         | 
         | Laypeople needs a simple way to know who's who in advanced
         | research fields, without Nobel prices (or any other commitee)
         | we don't get to have that.
         | 
         | If people gets to ignore (more) such topics, it's likely
         | politicians, and universities react accordingly, and funnel
         | funds to other enterprises.
         | 
         | All these prices (I'd say writing prices are much worse) are
         | typically super corrupt, but at least keep the field in people
         | minds.
        
           | danielbarla wrote:
           | The economics of this topic have always been interesting to
           | me, especially when compared to various other fields. What is
           | there to incentivize people to enter STEM fields, and
           | especially research?
           | 
           | As a point of comparison, there are ~540 premier league
           | football players, with an average salary of 3.5 million
           | pounds. (Yes, that's average, not median, but there's less
           | than 20 of them that earn under 200k.) It's not _that_
           | exclusive of a club, and the remuneration is insanely
           | disproportionate, compared to academics - I highly doubt
           | there are hundreds of researches earning millions.
           | 
           | So, yes, it's pretty odd to have some random people dish out
           | these prizes, and they are a drop in the pond. However, I
           | personally feel it's way too little, and that the targets of
           | the prizes are far more deserving - even if it's a popularity
           | contest - than random entertainers (even if they are quite
           | entertaining). But, it's up for argument, and the markets
           | obviously don't seem to agree with me.
        
             | aeonik wrote:
             | If Physicists could split atoms with only their arms and
             | legs with some safety equipment, I bet they would get paid
             | even more than 3.5 million pound salary.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Splitting atoms? Nah, that's the easy one, you can do
               | that yourself even if you're quadriplegic and in a coma.
               | 
               | Even fusion is high school science fair stuff.
               | 
               | Spallation, antiprotons, quark gluon plasmas? Now you're
               | talking.
        
               | elashri wrote:
               | If this was true then we would find that jobs with
               | physical labor pays much more than what it currently
               | pays.
        
             | zimpenfish wrote:
             | Weirdly, if you sniff the XHR from [0] (when it loads a new
             | page), it claims there's 1171 players for 24/25. Except if
             | you look at a few of the teams individually, they're
             | between 30-35 players. Which is much more in line with your
             | ~540 than their 1171.
             | 
             | > the remuneration is insanely disproportionate
             | 
             | I once pointed out that Kevin De Bruyne, on his own, gets
             | paid almost half as much (~21M) as the entire salary cap of
             | the Rugby Union Premiership (~2022, 50M) (to make the point
             | there's much more money in football than rugby.)
             | 
             | [0] https://www.premierleague.com/players
        
             | psb217 wrote:
             | "I highly doubt there are hundreds of researches earning
             | millions." -- by doing purely academic research, maybe not.
             | But, the number of people who have moved from academia to
             | industry off the strength of their research and made
             | millions is probably much larger than you think. I'd wager
             | just in ML you could round up a few hundred between OpenAI,
             | Anthropic, Google/DeepMind, NVidia, Meta/FAIR, etc.
        
           | drpossum wrote:
           | > Laypeople needs a simple way to know who's who in advanced
           | research fields
           | 
           | What need of a layperson does knowing "who's who" in advanced
           | research fields fill?
           | 
           | Here's another good question related to that: Who is
           | qualified to simplify that so that the need is filled?
        
             | jovial_cavalier wrote:
             | They need to know, to sate the egos of physicists.
        
           | YeGoblynQueenne wrote:
           | >> Laypeople needs a simple way to know who's who in advanced
           | research fields, without Nobel prices (or any other commitee)
           | we don't get to have that.
           | 
           | I think first you're underestimating "laypeople" which seems
           | to include many scientists who are not physicists, and second
           | you are forgetting that many of the scientists the "lay"
           | public knows as the greatest of all times never received a
           | Nobel, or any other famous prize: Einstein, Newton, Kepler,
           | Copernicus, Galileo, etc etc.
        
             | sehansen wrote:
             | Einstein received the Nobel prize in 1921, but your point
             | is still correct.
        
             | Maxatar wrote:
             | Einstein received the Nobel prize:
             | 
             | https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1921/summary/
        
               | myrmidon wrote:
               | Neither for relativity nor mass-energy equivalence
               | though, which laypeople are _much_ more likely to know
               | about than the photoelectric effect (what the price was
               | actually awarded for).
        
               | YeGoblynQueenne wrote:
               | Ah. My mistake. Thanks for correcting me.
        
             | FrustratedMonky wrote:
             | Do laypeople know Kepler?
        
               | etiam wrote:
               | Depends on the quality of the '"lay" public' I guess.
               | 
               | Where I live, in my estimation the ' _educated_ "lay"
               | public' would probably have heard of all the names
               | mentioned, but with even worse notions of what their
               | actual contributions were for Kepler.
        
           | Der_Einzige wrote:
           | Google scholar rankings of conferences or individuals by
           | H-index or citations is a perfect way for both lay people and
           | academics to measure each others achievements.
        
         | wodenokoto wrote:
         | And who are the Oscar's to give out awards to movies?
         | 
         | You can hand out the MJBurgess awards for non-NN-related
         | physics today!
        
           | mjburgess wrote:
           | That goes to the latest work by researches in Gaussian
           | processes, of course.
        
           | atonse wrote:
           | Even though the many of the Oscars nowadays feel rigged (with
           | full lobbying arms from the studios behind them), my
           | understanding was that the "Academy" (from the Academy
           | Awards) consists mostly of your fellow filmmakers.
           | 
           | So it is an honor bestowed by your peers, the ones who would
           | most appreciate the quality of the work and the work that
           | went into it.
        
             | wodenokoto wrote:
             | It does look like the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences is
             | mostly professors: https://www.kva.se/en/about-
             | us/members/list-of-academy-membe...
        
         | tycho-newman wrote:
         | In the old days, you'd get a knighthood or a peerage for such
         | achievements.
         | 
         | But honestly, I'd still prefer cash.
        
         | sorenjan wrote:
         | > wtf do these people think they are appointing themselves fit
         | to hand out trinkets and baubles on behalf of global scientific
         | achievement?
         | 
         | https://www.kva.se/en/prizes/nobel-prizes/the-nomination-and...
         | 
         | https://www.kva.se/en/about-us/members/list-of-academy-membe...
         | 
         | > who are they to award such a prize on behalf of physics?
         | 
         | They're not awarding anything in the name of physics, they're
         | awarding a prize in the name of the Nobel committee.
        
       | openrisk wrote:
       | This does indeed smell of desperation. Which is really, really
       | sad. Advances in _real_ physics are central to the absolutely
       | needed sustainability transition. In a sane society that values
       | its self-preservation you would not need to grasp at second-order
       | straws to justify the need for all sorts of both fundamental and
       | applied physics research.
       | 
       | We need to think seriously whether our collective hallucinations
       | (pun) have got us to some sort of tipping point, undermining our
       | very ability to act according to our best long-term interests.
       | 
       | ps. not to imply anything negative about the worthiness of the
       | awardees in general
        
       | DiogenesKynikos wrote:
       | There's a long backlog of major achievements in _physics_ that
       | haven 't gotten a Nobel Prize in _Physics_.
       | 
       | Giving the prize to something that has essentially nothing to do
       | with physics is just a slap in the face to the physics community.
        
         | cosmic_quanta wrote:
         | I can only think of major achievements in my (narrow) field of
         | study.
         | 
         | What do you think could have reasonably been awarded?
        
           | DiogenesKynikos wrote:
           | Three off the top of my head:
           | 
           | The measurement of the Hubble constant using delay times
           | between multiple images of lensed supernovae.
           | 
           | The first transit spectrum of an exoplanet atmosphere.
           | 
           | The first directly imaged exoplanet.
           | 
           | (They could hand out Nobel Prizes in the field of exoplanets
           | like candy.)
        
             | xqcgrek2 wrote:
             | Exoplanet science is not physics, it's chemistry or
             | planetary science. By your logic prizes to teams who send
             | probes to the outer solar system planets could also be
             | given prizes.
        
               | YeGoblynQueenne wrote:
               | What's "exoplanet science"? The above are applications of
               | knowledge of physics to astrophysics, as far as I
               | understand it. Certainly they sound more relevant to
               | physics than neural networks.
        
               | bfmalky wrote:
               | Ok, so under what logic does ML become physics?
        
               | cosmic_quanta wrote:
               | I would argue that the first measurements of exoplanets'
               | existence is definitely physics. This was a leap in our
               | understanding of the makeup of the universe.
        
             | Workaccount2 wrote:
             | Alfred Nobel's stated standard for a prize is:
             | 
             | "conferred the greatest benefit to humankind"
             | 
             | So while those things are cool and groundbreaking, I'd say
             | they have yet to cross the threshold into "greatest benefit
             | to humankind"
        
               | DiogenesKynikos wrote:
               | If you define "benefit to humankind" narrowly, and don't
               | view gaining pure knowledge about the workings of the
               | universe as beneficial to humanity, then most physics
               | Nobel Prizes over the last few decades fail the test.
               | 
               | Detecting gravitational radiation from the merger of two
               | black holes was an incredible step forward for our
               | understanding of the universe. It will not practically
               | change your life in any way.
        
           | nodfyr wrote:
           | The computation of the cosmic microwave background
           | fluctuations hasn't received a nobel prize yet. It's had a
           | deep impact on how we understand the Universe.
           | 
           | Some people still alive who made important contributions to
           | this are Rees and Sunyaev.
        
           | topaz0 wrote:
           | Something for nonequilibrium statistical mechanics
        
         | Kon-Peki wrote:
         | > a slap in the face to the physics community
         | 
         | The physics community could use a few more slaps in the face,
         | according to many physicists.
        
           | mhh__ wrote:
           | The response of the physicists they say should get a slap is,
           | in programming terms, basically shut up and show me the code.
           | It's a fairly one sided debate that we're blessed with seeing
           | in literally every thread anywhere about it
        
           | underlines wrote:
           | Here's a resounding 'slap' delivered by one physicist to his
           | peers:
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cBIvSGLkwJY
        
             | datavirtue wrote:
             | This is like that sidebar you have with someone after you
             | have joined a series of meetings and listened intently and
             | have all these nagging suspicions and you are in denial
             | about people who you think could not possibly be talking
             | this much nonsense because they clearly should know more
             | than you. A few seconds into the sidebar the person tells
             | you that everyone is full of shit, and you find relief in
             | that you were actually understanding everything you were
             | hearing and yes, you were drawing the right conclusions.
        
         | hcks wrote:
         | Could you please list say the top 5 Nobel worthy achievements
         | of this backlog
        
         | amusedcyclist wrote:
         | Yeah this is absolutely disgusting tbh, revising my opinion of
         | all previous nobels way down now
        
         | tombert wrote:
         | It still kind of baffles me that there isn't a Nobel Prize in
         | Mathematics and/or computer science.
         | 
         | The latter makes a bit more sense, computer science wasn't
         | really a thing when Alfred Nobel was around, but mathematics
         | certainly was! It seems like it would be perfectly reasonable
         | to add a category for math, and I think Neural Nets would fit
         | in there considerably better.
        
           | shombaboor wrote:
           | the fields medal fills that gap
        
             | tombert wrote:
             | Yeah, and the Turing Award for CS, and there's probably a
             | bunch more that I'm forgetting.
             | 
             | Still kind of weird that the prestigious award that
             | everyone has heard of doesn't have a mathematics category.
        
               | shombaboor wrote:
               | the nobel prize has the best branding and name brand
               | recognition pop culture wise. I'm sure winning all these
               | others means nearly as much to those communities.
        
           | lukasga wrote:
           | The story is that it is because Alfred Nobel was cheated on
           | by a mathematician (hilarious, but unconfirmed)
           | 
           | http://nobelprizes.com/nobel/why_no_math.html#story
        
           | aDyslecticCrow wrote:
           | The Swedish central bank later added the price in economics
           | (although controversial). So other things can be amended.
           | However, I suspect we won't see any more amendments to the
           | noble price.
           | 
           | A different institution can step up and make a price on its
           | own, though I'm not sure what institution would have that
           | amount of prestige without weaponizing it for commercial
           | purposes.
           | 
           | I prefer a nicer price for mathematics that includes a bit of
           | computer science than a price for computer science. I don't
           | think there is much room for a "society-changing innovation"
           | within CS that isn't either an engineering feat (Linux,
           | Docker, FFmpeg) or an algorithm that could fit under a
           | mathematics price (FFT, Navier Stokes).
        
             | Findecanor wrote:
             | If a new prize is added, it would need its own funding. The
             | five original Nobel Prizes are funded by interest from the
             | fortune that Alfred Nobel left behind. The economics prize
             | is funded by the Swedish central bank, and is therefore
             | officially _their_ prize  "in memory of Alfred Nobel", not
             | a "Nobel Prize" as such.
        
             | tombert wrote:
             | > I don't think there is much room for a "society-changing
             | innovation" within CS that isn't either an engineering feat
             | (Linux, Docker, FFmpeg) or an algorithm that could fit
             | under a mathematics price (FFT, Navier Stokes).
             | 
             | I'm not sure I agree with that. There's plenty of
             | theoretical computer science that isn't really
             | "engineering" and would fall into a pretty different
             | category than stuff like FFT or Navier Stokes.
             | 
             | If you look at something like Concurrency Theory, for
             | example, and work with stuff like Pi Calculus or CSP or
             | Petri Nets, those aren't "engineering feats", but also kind
             | of fall into a different category than the rest of math, or
             | at least pretty different than Navier Stokes. I think you
             | could make a pretty strong argument that CSP has been a
             | pretty big innovation in regards the academic state of the
             | art while not simply being engineering.
        
               | aDyslecticCrow wrote:
               | Let me add RSA, Elliptic curves, Runge-Kutta, Finite
               | element analysis, and Hamming codes to the list.
               | 
               | I would still consider CSP, Petri Nets, and Pi-Calculus
               | mathematical enough to be wrapped under a mathematics
               | price if they're influential enough. The first true
               | computer scientists were mathematicians, and I still feel
               | that much of the theoretical work in the field is closer
               | to "mathematics useful for computers" than its separate
               | field.
               | 
               | In the spirit of the nobel price, "mathematics with the
               | greatest humanitarian impact" leaves plenty of room for
               | the inclusion of influential pieces from theoretical
               | computer science, especially as those prices within
               | mathematics that do exist already include loads of
               | mathematics that require computers to prove or solve.
        
               | tombert wrote:
               | > I would still consider CSP, Petri Nets, and Pi-Calculus
               | mathematical enough to be wrapped under a mathematics
               | price if they're influential enough.
               | 
               | I guess, but they certainly feel categorically different
               | than something like Runge-Kutta. They're more about the
               | study of algorithms, which is generally where I've drawn
               | the line of "computer science vs math".
        
           | drpgq wrote:
           | I'm surprised someone hasn't done it similar to the economics
           | award that came later.
        
         | canjobear wrote:
         | I understand the frustration, but a lot of Geoff Hinton's
         | foundational work was based on physics principles. For example
         | https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper/1993/file/9e3cfc48eccf8...
        
           | DiogenesKynikos wrote:
           | Information theory, which is foundational to computing, has
           | some mathematical similarities to statistical mechanics. That
           | doesn't make it physics.
        
         | gandalfgreybeer wrote:
         | My adviser's PhD dissertation (PhD Physics) has Hopkins as one
         | of her major references. This is grounded in Physics.
        
       | krishnasangeeth wrote:
       | Turing award and now Nobel prize in physics, something which he
       | would have never expected. What an amazing career!
        
       | DiogenesKynikos wrote:
       | "The Nobel Prize for Stuff We Think is Cool."
        
       | deepnet wrote:
       | As a former Alumni of Hinton's MOOC I can attest to his humble,
       | kind nature and clarity, & erudition as a teacher.
       | 
       | Modelling learning as entropy, and heat in his Boltzmann machines
       | was genius as was the 1980s backdrop paper.
       | 
       | Geoff tirelessly evangelised neural nets and machine learning
       | right from his 1970s phd days at Edinburgh.
       | 
       | Despite being in the academic wilderness during the many decades
       | of symbolic AI.
       | 
       | Moore's law ( & parallel processing via GPUs ) finally caught up
       | with Geoff's vision and proved him right.
       | 
       | Well deserved !
        
       | ak_111 wrote:
       | The contrast in discoveries made in 'core' physics in the first
       | 25 years of the last centuries compared to this century is quite
       | insane, it was never going to be sustainable. If it did sustain
       | we would be colonising a new galaxy by now.
       | 
       | Consider that in 1900 the atom wasn't discovered yet, within
       | around 25 years the basic principles of quantum physics were
       | established, to say nothing about discoveries in cosmology (GR +
       | big bang).
        
       | meindnoch wrote:
       | Baffling. If this isn't a sign of a major crisis in physics, then
       | I don't know what is.
        
       | amai wrote:
       | Peak AI Hype! Winter is coming!
        
         | rory_h_r wrote:
         | I like to imagine this is for the 80s AI hype and another one
         | will come out in 40 years for ChatGPT.
        
       | pyb wrote:
       | Maybe the story here isn't so much whether Hinton is a physicist
       | or not, but rather a lack of groundbreaking progress in physics
       | to give the Nobel to.
        
       | eleveriven wrote:
       | A profound moment where physics, neuroscience and artificial
       | intelligence intersect.
        
         | seydor wrote:
         | very little to do with neuroscience
        
           | Separo wrote:
           | Except that the development of deep neural networks took
           | direct inspiration biological neuroscience with neurons and
           | synapses. Neural is even in the name.
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_learning
        
             | raincole wrote:
             | still, very little to do with neuroscience
        
             | littlestymaar wrote:
             | It was a source loose of inspiration for sure, but it still
             | have nothing to do with neurosciences.
             | 
             | "Neural" network are as close to actual nervous system as
             | the "Democratic" Republic of Korea is to democracy.
        
               | FrustratedMonky wrote:
               | Well, come on, not that far apart.
               | 
               | When I see someone trying this hard to be smart I just
               | hear "REEEEEEEEE" or "Well actually......"
        
               | elcomet wrote:
               | You're mistaken. The perceptron was invented by
               | Rosenblatt, a psychologist. This field has deep roots in
               | neuroscience.
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | McCulloch and Rumelhart were psychologists as well.
        
               | almostgotcaught wrote:
               | People always repeat these stupid things like they're
               | lore. Ok let's suppose this is true. What else is true is
               | that neurology itself was inspired by phrenology and the
               | practice of exorcisms. Should we now start recognizing
               | and exalting those connections given how divorced modern
               | (useful!) neurology is?
        
               | SkyBelow wrote:
               | Major distinction given those practices have been
               | abandoned as pseudo science or even worse, so they aren't
               | fields of science continued to be developed which further
               | useful connections might be found.
               | 
               | In psychiatry, there is a certain amount that we continue
               | to study social standards of normalcy in other (including
               | historic) societies to determine what should count as a
               | mental disorder, but more to make sure we aren't doing a
               | 21st century equivalent of labeling something as a demon
               | possession because it contrasts with our current deeply
               | held social norms.
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | Hinton's most recent paper on forward-forward
               | acknowledges Peter Dayan explicitly for his feedback on
               | the paper, and cites a paper they cowrote together back
               | in the 90s. Dayan being the author of the canonical
               | textbook on theoretical neuroscience.
        
               | SkyBelow wrote:
               | >nothing to do with
               | 
               | So what is the meaning of to do with and nothing to do
               | with? Inspiration seems to be a relationship.
               | 
               | Consider a different relationship between cellular
               | biology and the Cells at Work anime. Clearly any
               | relationship is unidirectional. Any cellular biology
               | learns nothing from the anime, but the anime wouldn't
               | exist without cellular biology.
               | 
               | Do we say the show has nothing to do with cellular
               | biology? That doesn't seem right to me, given it depends
               | upon it despite taking an amazing degree of artistic
               | freedom.
        
             | seydor wrote:
             | Actually iirc the first deep architectures that Hinton
             | trained were restricted boltzmann machines
        
             | Insanity wrote:
             | I'm actually not sure why this is being downvoted? Is it
             | actually incorrect and if so, where did it take inspiration
             | from?
        
               | Maxatar wrote:
               | The downvotes are very unusual to say the least. All the
               | historical material on the subject unambiguously points
               | to neural networks emerging from work done to formalize
               | actual brain neurons. That formalism turns out not to be
               | a great way to explain biological brains but the
               | abstraction it provided proved highly effective for tasks
               | like pattern recognition, classification, and decision
               | making.
               | 
               | So much about computer science has been inspired from
               | other fields such as biology. Polymorphism and object
               | oriented programming, reification, neural networks and in
               | particular convolutional neural networks, genetic
               | algorithms...
               | 
               | If anything, it teaches the value in learning a topic and
               | then applying it directly within computer science. The
               | strength of computer science lies in its ability to adapt
               | and incorporate ideas from other domains to push the
               | boundaries of technology.
        
             | seydor wrote:
             | DL did not take 'direct inspiration' from neurosciences.
             | Maybe some ideas were borrowed such as the integrate-and-
             | fire nature of neurons and Hebb's very vague rule, but
             | those are very old ideas. Most of neuroscience research in
             | past decades is in molecular biology , and particularly in
             | the study of neural diseases (that's where all the funding
             | goes). Learning and biological plasticity is notoriously
             | complex and difficult to study, it's still very much
             | undeciphered, and none of that plasticity research has made
             | its way into ANN training.
             | 
             | In fact it is the reverse: the recent success of deep
             | learning has sparked a race in neuroscience to try to find
             | processes in the nervous that might mimic deep learning and
             | in particular to build biologically plausible models about
             | how the brain might implement gradient descent or more
             | generally credit assignment.
        
           | NotYourLawyer wrote:
           | Very little to do with physics.
        
           | comment423 wrote:
           | More to do with neuroscience than you think. Fukushima took
           | direct inspiration from Hubel & Wiesel's nobel prize in the
           | 1960s when developing the neocognitron, which turned into
           | convolutional neural networks. Hopfield networks are a model
           | for associative memory. And, well, then there is the
           | perceptron. There was always a link and mutual inspiration.
           | 
           | Recommended reading: Lindsay, G. W. (2021). Convolutional
           | neural networks as a model of the visual system: Past,
           | present, and future. Journal of cognitive neuroscience,
           | 33(10), 2017-2031. https://direct.mit.edu/jocn/article-
           | abstract/33/10/2017/9740...
        
             | aDyslecticCrow wrote:
             | As inspiration, yes. However, a neural network neuron and a
             | biological neuron are, to modern understanding, entirely
             | unrelated.
        
               | canjobear wrote:
               | They're not identical but they are related. There's a
               | series of approximations and simplifications you can go
               | through to get from biological neurons to neural nets.
               | Essentially the weights in the neural net end up
               | corresponding to steady-state firing rates of populations
               | of spiking neurons. See for example Chapter 7 of Dayan &
               | Abbott's Theoretical Neuroscience.
        
               | DanielleMolloy wrote:
               | Discussing the right levels of abstraction is a huge
               | thing in computational biology. At what level is 'the
               | algorithm' of natural computation implemented?
        
           | dboreham wrote:
           | At the very least neuroscience provides an "existence proof".
           | Somehow this stuff must be possible using some sort of
           | trained machine comprising a large number of simple
           | components...
        
           | whymauri wrote:
           | It's funny because I learned about Hopfield multiple times in
           | neuroscience classes, but never once in an EECS/ML course.
        
       | eterevsky wrote:
       | To be fair, Nobel Prize has a history of expanding the
       | traditional bounds of respective fields when awarding the prizes:
       | 
       | Bertrand Russel got the Nobel prize in literature
       | 
       | Daniel Kahneman got Nobel in economics
        
         | moralestapia wrote:
         | Bob Dylan on literature was another "hmm" one.
         | 
         | Not against nor in favor, it was just an unexpected awardee.
        
           | tycho-newman wrote:
           | Bob Dylan is the Boomer poet laureate.
        
         | raincole wrote:
         | War criminials got Nobel prize in peace.
        
           | jvanderbot wrote:
           | Which were you referring to?
        
             | yostrovs wrote:
             | Yasser Arafat is one
        
               | llm_trw wrote:
               | Kissinger another.
        
               | frob wrote:
               | Also Barack Obama. It's hard to be POTUS without
               | commiting war crimes.
        
               | dagw wrote:
               | Do be fair to the Nobel committee, he commit his
               | purported "war crimes" after getting the prize.
        
               | llm_trw wrote:
               | He also got it for being half black since by the cutoff
               | date he'd been president for all of 11 days. Had they
               | waited a year they would have had the pleasure of finding
               | out he ordered 50% more drone strikes than Bush did.
               | 
               | Content of his character indeed.
        
               | jvanderbot wrote:
               | We're well into flame war territory here, so I apologize,
               | and am treading carefully.
               | 
               | The list of war crimes I can pin on US during that time
               | is mostly indefinite imprisonment in Guantanamo _if_ you
               | allow for the efforts Obama made to reduce torture.
               | 
               | https://www.hrw.org/news/2017/01/09/barack-obamas-shaky-
               | lega...
               | 
               | Drone strikes are not war crimes according to this
               | definition:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_crime#Definition
        
             | brap wrote:
             | Probably Yasser Arafat
        
             | bilbo0s wrote:
             | Aung San Suu Kyi?
             | 
             | There's quite a few.
        
         | aerhardt wrote:
         | Winston Churchill got a Nobel in literature, too.
        
           | TMWNN wrote:
           | Yes, but for his _History of the English-Speaking Peoples_ ,
           | and more broadly, for his lifetime as an author.
           | 
           | (Admittedly, even more broadly, the prize was the Nobel
           | Committee wanting to acknowledge his leadership in WW2, but
           | still.)
        
         | kuschku wrote:
         | The economics prize is not a Nobel prize.
        
           | iandanforth wrote:
           | "Although not one of the five Nobel Prizes established by
           | Alfred Nobel's will in 1895, it is commonly referred to as
           | the Nobel Prize in Economics, and is administered and
           | referred to along with the Nobel Prizes by the Nobel
           | Foundation. Winners of the Prize in Economic Sciences are
           | chosen in a similar manner as and announced alongside the
           | Nobel Prize recipients, and receive the Prize in Economic
           | Sciences at the Nobel Prize Award Ceremony."
           | 
           | - Wikipedia
        
             | lyu07282 wrote:
             | It's propaganda for liberalism. It's just that at a certain
             | point that propaganda became so successful, that you sound
             | like a lunatic if you call it propaganda. Unfortunately
             | there was no reason to make propaganda for Mathematics so
             | they never got their own Nobel prize.
        
             | mannykannot wrote:
             | That's all true, but it doesn't do anything to diminish my
             | suspicion that there is a fair amount of coattail-riding
             | behind it.
        
         | gwervc wrote:
         | Don't forget Barack Obama for absolutely no valid reason.
        
           | TechDebtDevin wrote:
           | Hey he got the Peace Prize for conducting a war in the middle
           | east!
        
       | splintfrog89 wrote:
       | Real physics and its resulting breakthrough technologies have
       | been hidden from society for a very long time. And so they simply
       | need _somebody_ they can give that price to.
        
       | gyre007 wrote:
       | This reminded me of my Hopfield networks implementation in Go
       | [1]. The algorithm is rather simple but fascinating nevertheless
       | and works surprisingly well for reconstructing noisy images. I
       | actually blogged about it as well [2]. But as many are discussing
       | here Deep Memory networks based on Boltzmann networks are more
       | powerful yet they don't seem to have found much use case either
       | 
       | [1] https://github.com/milosgajdos/gopfield [2]
       | https://cybernetist.com/2017/03/12/hopfield-networks-in-go/
        
       | aborsy wrote:
       | Terrible. Hopfield networks nobody cares about, and few heard of?
        
       | kwar13 wrote:
       | In physics...?
        
       | barrenko wrote:
       | Well, the easiest way to enter the ML field is to pivot from
       | theoretical physics.
        
         | VHRanger wrote:
         | Geoffrey Hinton wins the Nobel prize in physics for giving
         | physics postdocs more reasonable job market options
        
           | alsodumb wrote:
           | Lol I almost choked laughing at this lmaoo
        
             | holmesworcester wrote:
             | ...than finance
        
               | auntienomen wrote:
               | It's been a generation since it was easy to go into
               | finance from physics.
        
           | EXHades wrote:
           | lol,All for employment
        
           | fnands wrote:
           | And as an ML engineer with a PhD in physics I can tell you
           | that I am deeply grateful that I didn't have to go the
           | postdoc route.
           | 
           | I know we are joking around here, but damn, just for that
           | alone I'm happy that he got it.
           | 
           | For whether it is actually physics? That I'll leave for
           | another discussion.
        
           | scarmig wrote:
           | This prize is more of a settler colonialist land grab by
           | physicists. ML is just a subfield of physics (like every
           | other field), so let's make sure that everyone knows that
           | it's in our domain.
           | 
           | Speaking as a onetime physicist now in ML...
        
             | CamperBob2 wrote:
             | Eh, I doubt Hinton would have won if he hadn't turned to
             | alarmism in his dotage. The prizes are as political these
             | days as they are scientific.
        
             | dekhn wrote:
             | machine learning is math, not physics. physics uses math,
             | not the other way around. ML can be used in any field of
             | science, not vice versa.
        
               | wing_rets wrote:
               | The actual process of computation, sure, but machine
               | learning was born from physics-based methods and
               | applications to understand complexity and disorder.
        
             | Der_Einzige wrote:
             | Math, Logic, Epistemology, et al are not "subfields of
             | physics" - The other way around is more likely.
        
               | frotaur wrote:
               | I also had this view, but thinking a bit more about it,
               | what we consider 'reasonable axioms' in math, all come
               | more or less from our logical intuition. Which was built
               | from our evolution, which respects the laws of physics.
               | 
               | This has changed my point of view to where math is kinda
               | derived from physics, as the axioms (but even the
               | derivation rules, like modus ponens) are chosen because
               | they respect what feels intuitively 'logical'. But this
               | intuition cannot be disentangled from physics, as it was
               | a product of physics.
        
             | theGnuMe wrote:
             | I would agree.. But it took Computer Scientists to put
             | neural networks on the map by getting them to scale.
             | Basically by asking the question _what_ happens if we turn
             | it up to 11.
             | 
             | Statisticians would never have done that due to parsimony
             | and something something Bayesian.
             | 
             | Engineers would never have done it, nor mathematicians
             | either.
             | 
             | It took Computer Scientists because it is computation.
        
           | ahdhdixud wrote:
           | Ok, now I understand why this is a notable achievement in
           | physics
        
       | physicsguy wrote:
       | This is totally bizarre, no precedent for it really. The reality
       | of the prize means that less and less are the winners names every
       | physicist has heard of, but even today they're still big names in
       | each subfield. For e.g. Kosterlitz, Thouless and Haldane weren't
       | exactly household names but they really deserved the prize in
       | 2016.
       | 
       | In this case, there's a good argument that Hopfield had conducted
       | strong work as a physicist and in physics, but Geoffrey Hinton
       | has never worked as a Physicist, at best adopting some existing
       | things from physics into cognitive science use cases. In any
       | case, what they've been given the prize for is work where they've
       | not contributed to the understanding of the world of physics -
       | it's not even really an arguable case where this is work that
       | crosses over between Physics and another field either. It'd be
       | like if Black or Scholes had been given the Physics prize rather
       | than Economics because their famous equation can be re-written in
       | Schrodinger equation form.
        
         | ianbicking wrote:
         | Bob Dylan got a Nobel prize in literature, which feels
         | something like a precedence.
        
           | ngcc_hk wrote:
           | The key is field. A physicist use maths will not get maths
           | prize if just use it for physics.
           | 
           | He use words and its lyrics has meaning, like any literature.
           | Cannot say poetry is not literature. Then why not poetry with
           | music, probably more traditional as many poems are songs. In
           | some culture, it must be singable.
           | 
           | These use physics but not in the field of physics. Otherwise
           | anyone use qm can get Nobel prize and chemistry people can
           | get one as they all use physics. Really need to be in the
           | physics field. You can use other method like computer, maths.
        
       | Separo wrote:
       | Well maybe in time ML will help break through the high energy
       | physics roadblocks.
        
         | elashri wrote:
         | One of the very early successful applications of ML was using
         | neural network and other models in particle identification
         | systems in particle physics experiments.
        
         | moelf wrote:
         | it already had, bottom-quark tagging has improved O(10)x in
         | efficiency in the last decade without any new "physics"
         | understanding, just from training with more low-level data and
         | better ML arch (now using Transformers)
         | 
         | but we haven't found new physics with or without ML, making
         | this prize a little weird.
        
           | seanhunter wrote:
           | I sort of agree in principle but in practise they've always
           | taken a broad view.
           | 
           | Kissinger was one of the most prominent disrupters of world
           | peace in the postwar era but that didn't stop him winning the
           | peace prize. Churchill won the literature prize for defeating
           | Hitler. The blue led guys a few years back didn't do much
           | except make a thing that would go on every single consumer
           | gadget and disrupt my sleep but they won the physics prize.
           | 
           | Even when they get it right they often get it wrong. For
           | example I believe Einstein supposedly won for "especially his
           | work on the photoelectric effect" rather than relativity.
        
             | moelf wrote:
             | >Einstein supposedly won for "especially his work on the
             | photoelectric effect" rather than relativity.
             | 
             | just adding to this, this is because relativity wasn't
             | experimentally verified (i.e. not sure if it's reality) at
             | the time.
        
               | mr_mitm wrote:
               | Also, the prize is about the greatest benefit to
               | humankind according to Alfred Nobel, not the most
               | impressive research. Arguably, the photoelectric effect
               | fits that notion better than GR or any other of
               | Einstein's research.
               | 
               | Besides that, Einstein received the prize in 1921,
               | whereas the Eddington experiment in 1919 generally counts
               | as the first experimental verification of GR.
        
               | littlestymaar wrote:
               | > Arguably, the photoelectric effect fits that notion
               | better than GR or any other of Einstein's research
               | 
               | Today we could argue about it due to the importance of
               | solar panels, but that was hard to forecast in 1921.
               | Also, without GR there would be no GPS so it's not like
               | it doesn't bring benefits to humanity.
        
               | topaz0 wrote:
               | More to the point, photoemission spectroscopy has been a
               | workhorse tool for understanding the electronic
               | properties of materials for quite a long time now (though
               | perhaps not yet in 1921).
        
               | mr_mitm wrote:
               | Einstein laid the foundation of quantum mechanics with
               | his description of the photoelectric effect, so you could
               | add transistors, lasers, LEDs, CCD sensors and more to
               | the list. Although I agree that it's doubtful that most
               | of this could have been foreseen then.
        
               | zellyn wrote:
               | Surely they would have just noticed a discrepancy in
               | timing and added a few circles-upon-circles to
               | effectively fix it up? Is deeply grokking relativity
               | necessary for GPS to work?
               | 
               | On the other hand, it would be impossible to make those
               | adjustments without someone coming up with GR :-)
        
             | jonstewart wrote:
             | Not supposedly.
             | 
             | "for his services to Theoretical Physics, and especially
             | for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect"
             | 
             | https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/lists/all-nobel-prizes-
             | in-...
        
             | zitterbewegung wrote:
             | Nobel prizes are generally awarded for verifiable
             | observations but, also require real world applications.
             | 
             | Einstein won the physics prize on the photoelectric effect
             | due to having real world applications and observable and if
             | GPS actually existed while he was arrived (yes I know this
             | is a stretch) he would have gotten it for relativity.
             | 
             | Blue LEDs allows you to access more of the color spectrum
             | for LEDs in general and they were not easy to make.
             | 
             | For this year it does feel like a very large leaning into
             | practical applications instead of physics though. Did we
             | run out of interesting physics in the last year?
        
             | DoughnutHole wrote:
             | Einstein's work on the photoelectric effect was incredibly
             | important, and incredibly influential on other research at
             | the time. He proposed that light was quantised -
             | essentially the foundation of quantum mechanics.
             | 
             | It's no exaggeration that Einstein's work on the
             | photoelectric effect was as important as special or general
             | relativity, and it had the advantage of strong experimental
             | verification by 1921.
             | 
             | The main reason that prize is remarkable is that Einstein
             | himself hated quantum mechanics - but that doesn't dispute
             | the work's importance.
        
               | topaz0 wrote:
               | I would add to this that it had the advantage of
               | something like 40 years of history as a field that was
               | the basis for some of the biggest advances in
               | instrumentation of that era.
        
             | datavirtue wrote:
             | Oh come on, blue LEDs were a feat of physics and chemistry
             | mastery.
        
               | seanhunter wrote:
               | I'm sure they are but they drive me nuts. If I ever
               | become filthy rich and in doing so sell my soul and
               | become a bad person, one of my priorities will doubtless
               | be to have the blue led inventors hunted down
               | remorselessly.[1]
               | 
               | [1] Note to future law-enforcement: I am honestly
               | kidding. I wouldn't hurt a fly, officer.
        
               | mozball wrote:
               | A black sharpie over the offending led indicators will
               | fix that. Now you can enjoy your sleep uninterrupted by
               | dreams of manhunts and mephistophelian bargains.
        
             | BurningFrog wrote:
             | The Nobel peace prize was a mistake. Peace is not a
             | science, and you can't objectively measure how much anyone
             | has helped peace, especially not before a few decades has
             | passed.
             | 
             | So I agree that the peace prize committee has made some bad
             | choices, but they do have an impossible job.
        
             | ilya_m wrote:
             | I would add to this list Bernard Russel who won the Nobel
             | in literature for being a public intellectual.
        
               | nickpeterson wrote:
               | I should take up being a public intellectual, instead of
               | a public nuisance.
        
               | mmooss wrote:
               | Most people on the Internet and in a certain orange forum
               | might consider it seriously. (I do think about it
               | myself.)
        
           | telotortium wrote:
           | Maybe it's a prize for hope and change that physics will be
           | revolutionized by neural networks? Similar to how Obama got a
           | Nobel Peace Prize in order to repudiate Bush's legacy in Iraq
           | and Afghanistan. While Bush's legacy absolutely deserved to
           | be repudiated, I don't think awarding a new president the
           | Peace Prize was the best way to do it, especially because in
           | the foreign policy realm, he ended up not so different from
           | Bush.
        
             | henrikschroder wrote:
             | Maybe read the announcement?
             | 
             | "With their breakthroughs, that stand on the foundations of
             | physical science, they have showed a completely new way for
             | us to use computers to aid and to guide us to tackle many
             | of the challenges our society face. Simply put, thanks to
             | their work Humanity now has a new item in its toolbox,
             | which we can choose to use for good purposes. Machine
             | learning based on ANNs is currently revolutionizing
             | science, engineering and daily life. The field is already
             | on its way to enable breakthroughs toward building a
             | sustainable society, e.g. by helping to identify new
             | functional materials. How deep learning by ANNs will be
             | used in the future depends on how we humans choose to use
             | these incredibly potent tools, already present in many
             | aspects of our lives"
        
           | slashdave wrote:
           | How about a prize for the Monte Carlo simulation methods
           | needed as input to these models?
        
         | ww520 wrote:
         | ML absolutely has helped astrophysics in sorting the massive
         | amount of observation data to make new discovery.
        
           | bnegreve wrote:
           | Most disciplines in CS have done that one way or another.
        
           | Yizahi wrote:
           | So if someone will invent say a new keyboard layout which
           | will improve median data input rate by 10% and will be used
           | by astrophysicists then it will be worthy of the astrophysics
           | prize? Or better yet - in your example the main driver for
           | the ML is Nvidia, should be award Jensen a prize in
           | astrophysics? Or in any other field where ML is deployed? In
           | my opinion we should separate efforts of people making tools,
           | from the efforts of people doing research using said tools.
        
             | ww520 wrote:
             | No. Because the keyboard while faster is not instrumental
             | in finding new stars. ML is instrumental in finding new
             | stars and new planets.
        
           | OneDonOne wrote:
           | So do telescopes. Has anyone every won a Nobel for a
           | telescope?
        
             | hildolfr wrote:
             | People have won it over new microscope designs and
             | techniques.. possibly telescopes, too.. but I'm less
             | familiar with that and not somewhere where it's convenient
             | to look it up.
        
               | OneDonOne wrote:
               | In 1986 and 2014, science (electron optics,
               | nanoscopy/nanolasers) came first. Then the _microscopy_.
               | Even 2017 won for 3D microscopy. What Nobel-worthy
               | physics does thing do?
        
         | slashdave wrote:
         | If I may be so bold, a breakthrough will require new
         | experimental techniques, and we aren't likely to get those from
         | ML.
        
       | chrsw wrote:
       | Hinton was never going to win the Nobel Prize while working for
       | Google, right?
        
         | behnamoh wrote:
         | are you saying that's part of his reason to leave Google?
        
           | chrsw wrote:
           | That's my suspicion, yes.
        
             | rvnx wrote:
             | The age too, and the fact that Google lost prestige in AI
             | over the years.
             | 
             | It's the company that didn't see the potential of
             | Transformers, and that presented a half-assed Bard when
             | LLMs were already in production in other companies.
        
               | behnamoh wrote:
               | But Hinton was not in favor of LLMs anyway, he argued
               | backprop is not what the brain does and that we should do
               | better than these models. I'd say Google would be a great
               | place for someone thinking like that.
        
         | querez wrote:
         | what makes you say/think that?
        
         | chipdart wrote:
         | > Hinton was never going to win the Nobel Prize while working
         | for Google, right?
         | 
         | This conspiracy theory makes no sense. Nobel prizes are awarded
         | based on someone's life's work.
        
           | chrsw wrote:
           | I think calling it a conspiracy theory is a bit of a stretch.
           | I could be wrong. I agree that's how it should be. But I
           | don't get the impression there are lot of fans of Google in
           | the Prize Committee. Either way, it's not something that
           | matters too much. Just a thought.
        
             | chipdart wrote:
             | > I think calling it a conspiracy theory is a bit of a
             | stretch.
             | 
             | It's the textbook definition of a conspiracy theory, isn't
             | it? I mean, a group conspiring to not awarding the most
             | prestigious prize in science to someone who deserved it
             | because of who their employer was, and suddenly awarding it
             | once he switched employers?
             | 
             | > But I don't get the impression there are lot of fans of
             | Google in the Prize Committee.
             | 
             | This is a conspiracy-oriented line of reasoning. Who
             | anyone's employer was is something that never surfaced when
             | discussing Nobel prizes. Suddenly it became the basis of a
             | theory on how people conspired to first not award it and
             | afterwards award it, and somehow the guy's accomplishments
             | don't even register in the discussion.
             | 
             | That's what these conspiracy theories bring to the table.
        
               | chrsw wrote:
               | I get what you're saying. I have no evidence and no
               | inside information. It could be a conspiracy, but I doubt
               | it. It could just be multiple individuals independently
               | being uncomfortable with tacitly approving a huge company
               | they see as potentially responsible for privacy problems,
               | ethics problems and AI misuse. I don't see these as
               | invalid concerns either. And I don't see being conflicted
               | about giving an award to an employee of a company tied to
               | big ethical concerns as anti-science or having a lack of
               | integrity.
               | 
               | Discovering breakthroughs in machine learning is a
               | profound achievement and deserves to be recognized.
               | Wielding powerful tools against humanity for the sake of
               | money, not so much. But, like I said, I could be dead
               | wrong, and this is probably why I wouldn't be a good
               | person to serve on one of these committees.
        
         | numpad0 wrote:
         | I genuinely think there is potential for a silly Internet
         | tradition here. Google should pick bunch of candidate winners
         | by ML, hire them six months before, fire them all a week before
         | awarding, and then programmatically re-hire moments before
         | awarding. It can't be more malicious than most academic pranks
         | and it shouldn't matter whether the conspiracy is real, it'll
         | be just funny.
        
       | chronolitus wrote:
       | Moreso genuine curiosity than as a gotcha: A lot of comments are
       | saying this was the wrong choice. I'd find it really interesting
       | to hear who the nomination should have gone to instead, in your
       | opinions.
        
         | tgv wrote:
         | They are not under an obligation to award the prize. They could
         | have just said "sorry, we can't think of anyone."
        
       | mishaevtikhiev wrote:
       | My perspective as a PhD in theoretical physics, who's been doing
       | deep learning in the last 4 years:
       | 
       | 1. The prize itself makes zero sense as a prize in _physics_.
       | Even the official announcement by the Nobel Prize Committee,
       | taken at a face value, reads as a huge stretch in trying to link
       | neural networks to physics. When one starts asking questions
       | about the real impact on physics and whether the most important
       | works of Hinton and Hopfield were really informed by physics
       | (which is a dubious link to the Nobel prize anyway), the argument
       | stops holding water at all.
       | 
       | 2. Some of the comments mention that giving prize for works in AI
       | may make sense, because physics is currently stalled. This is
       | wrong for several reasons: 2.1. While one can argue that string
       | theory (which is, anyway, only a part of high-energy theoretical
       | physics) is having its "AI winter" moment, there are many other
       | areas of physics which develop really fast and bring exciting
       | results. 2.2. The Nobel Prize is often awarded with quite some
       | delay, so there are many very impactful works from 80s which
       | haven't been awarded with a Nobel prize (atomic force microscopy
       | is a nice example). 2.3. It is wrong to look at the recent
       | results in some sub-field and say "okay, there was nothing of
       | value in this field". For example, even if one completely
       | discards string theory as bogus, there were many important
       | results in theoretical physics such as creation of conformal
       | field theory, which was never recognized with a Nobel Prize
       | (which is OK if Nobel Prize is given to other important physical
       | works, but is quite strange in the light of today's
       | announcement).
       | 
       | To finish on a lighter mood, I'll quote a joke from my friend,
       | who stayed in physics: "Apparently the committee has looked at
       | all the physicists who left academia and decided that anything
       | they do is fair game. We should maybe expect they will give a
       | prize for crypto or high-frequency trading some time later".
        
         | fooker wrote:
         | > because physics is currently stalled.
         | 
         | Even if it's not completely true, maybe some introspection is
         | required?
         | 
         | I understand developing new theories is important and
         | rewarding, but most physics for the last three decades seems to
         | fall within two buckets. (1) Smash particles and analyze the
         | data. (2) Mathematical models that are not falsifiable.
         | 
         | We can be pretty sure that the next 'new physics' discovery
         | that gives us better chips, rocket propulsion, etc etc is going
         | to get a nobel prize pretty quickly similar to mRNA.
        
           | bunderbunder wrote:
           | Those two buckets only contain the work in physics that have
           | a sustained presence in popular media. But take gravitational
           | wave astronomy as a counterexample. It doesn't make it into
           | the news much, but I'm pretty sure the entire field is less
           | than ten years old.
        
           | codethief wrote:
           | > most physics
           | 
           | That's an interesting definition of "most physics". I mean, I
           | find high-energy physics as fascinating as the next guy but
           | there are other fields, too, you know, like astrophysics &
           | cosmology, condensed-matter physics, (quantum) optics,
           | environmental physics, biophysics, medical physics, ...
        
       | hsuz wrote:
       | I'd rather they withhold the prize this year, if there isn't
       | really anything interesting happening in physics.
        
       | worstspotgain wrote:
       | When the most significant advance since electrification needs to
       | hop the fence to be recognized, perhaps it's time to add a new
       | field. It can be done, the Economics prize was added in 1968.
        
         | ogogmad wrote:
         | Nice idea. You could also have a Nobel prize in applied
         | mathematics, perhaps? This would cover ML and physics.
         | 
         | That said, your idea would make physicists less outraged.
        
           | Etheryte wrote:
           | This is unlikely to ever happen, because Nobel explicitly
           | excluded mathematics from the list of prizes in his will.
           | There are plenty of awards and prizes for every field
           | imaginable, not everything has to be a Nobel prize to be
           | worthy of recognition.
        
           | InDubioProRubio wrote:
           | Then again, its just mathturbation, but standalone and it can
           | pretend to have a theory of everything, so fits well into the
           | field.
        
           | amarcheschi wrote:
           | I like this idea, after all math is its own field of study.
           | We might call it "field prize" or something like that (this
           | comment is just a pun)
        
         | wslh wrote:
         | Sincerely, I don't like a shadow cast over the Turing and Godel
         | prizes. These awards have long honored groundbreaking
         | achievements in computing and logic.
        
         | pantalaimon wrote:
         | the economics prize is not 'official', it was established by
         | the Swedish National Bank in honor to Alfred Nobel.
        
           | NlightNFotis wrote:
           | I see this written a lot, and I don't get it.
           | 
           | What matters for an award is that people recognise it as a
           | prestigious accolade.
           | 
           | The economics prize, while not "official", is still
           | recognised by everyone in economics as the highest honour in
           | the field. Who cares if it's "official" or not?
           | 
           | Awards and prizes derive their value from their social
           | recognition, which it has a solid amount of, at the very
           | least.
        
             | worstspotgain wrote:
             | One could even argue it has all of the benefits and less of
             | the dynamite scent.
        
               | NlightNFotis wrote:
               | Depends on how much you consider that particular odour
               | offensive :)
        
               | Maken wrote:
               | There is nothing wrong with their connection with
               | dynamite. Nobel designed it to prevent deaths in
               | construction and mining, because nitroglycerine was way
               | too dangerous (and way too useful to be abandoned). It's
               | bad reputation comes from it's use in warfare, which is
               | undeserved because it was not very well suited to that
               | use and was quickly replaced by other solid explosives.
        
             | jfengel wrote:
             | Do they get to go to the ceremony with the other laureates,
             | meet the king, etc?
             | 
             | Of course that doesn't matter to anybody else, but I could
             | see it mattering to the laureates themselves.
        
               | tzs wrote:
               | > Do they get to go to the ceremony with the other
               | laureates, meet the king, etc?
               | 
               | Yes.
        
             | etiam wrote:
             | The significance is that it's not a Nobel prize. Saying
             | that is simply formally wrong. It's a prize lobbied in
             | (with a hefty donation) almost 70 years after the
             | establishment, trying to raise the status of Economics as a
             | scientific discipline by basking in the reflected glory of
             | the actual Nobel prizes.
             | 
             | You may not care about the distinction, and if so that's
             | your prerogative, but this Memorial prize in Economics,
             | despite sharing in the festivities, is not in the same
             | category and that's what you keep running into seeing
             | pointed out.
        
               | og_kalu wrote:
               | The General Public and Economists hold it in the same
               | regard as other Nobel Prizes so appeal to 'formality' is
               | pointless. The social recognition is the point of these
               | awards so if it has that and is also often called the
               | "Nobel Prize in Economics" then it's a Nobel Prize.
               | They're literally announced and awarded together.
               | 
               | Nobody but a few nitpicks care about your distinction
               | because it's not a real one. Might as well say "Money is
               | not valuable because the material it's made up of has
               | little intrinsic value". Well no, Money is valuable
               | because society has decided it is.
        
               | etiam wrote:
               | It is also my prerogative not to care about your opinion.
               | You claimed you come across this a lot and don't get it.
               | I just told you. Take it or leave it.
        
               | og_kalu wrote:
               | >It is also my prerogative not to care about your
               | opinion.
               | 
               | Sure
               | 
               | >You claimed you come across this a lot and don't get it.
               | I just told you. Take it or leave it.
               | 
               | I'm not OP. And i don't think a few comments on Nobel
               | prize threads is a lot in the first place. Nothing for me
               | to "take".
        
             | etiam wrote:
             | Apologies to NlightNFotis for implicitly accusing you of
             | being the griefer. I replied quickly between other tasks
             | and evidently didn't pay due attention to the username. No
             | misplaced offense intended.
        
           | antientropic wrote:
           | The economics prize is listed on nobelprize.org ("the
           | official website of the Nobel Prize") along with the other
           | Nobel prizes, so I don't think you can justify calling it
           | "unofficial".
           | 
           | Perhaps if the ACM renamed the Turing Award to "The Alfred
           | Nobel Memorial Prize in Computer Science", the Nobel
           | Foundation would let them get away with it.
        
           | tzs wrote:
           | That makes it sound like it has no connection to the other
           | prizes.
           | 
           | It's awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, who
           | also award the Physics and Chemistry prizes. Its winner is
           | announced with the winners of the original prizes. The winner
           | in included in the annual Nobel Prize Award ceremony in
           | Stockholm, and receives a medal, diploma, and monetary grant
           | award document from the King of Sweden at that ceremony. The
           | Nobel Foundation counts it when they say their are 6 prize
           | categories, and includes its winners on their lists of Nobel
           | laureates.
           | 
           | It only differs from say the Chemistry prize in that it was
           | established in memory of Nobel instead of by Nobel and the
           | prize money doesn't come from Nobel's estate.
        
         | jedrek wrote:
         | The economics prize is not an actual Nobel prize, but something
         | "inspired" by the Nobel prize. It's little more than a tool to
         | push neoliberal policies to the public, with 34 of the 56
         | winners tied to the Chicago School of Economics.
        
         | hm236 wrote:
         | IMO Turing Award is plenty prestigious - and has more
         | legitimacy as its awarded by the relevant community (ACM) -
         | rather than some small group (the Swedish Academy of Sciences)
         | - tbh on that vein I'd say the right thing to do is to ditch
         | the Nobel and let each community in the relevant field decide
         | as a community the work to honor - prevent fiascos like this.
         | 
         | (and, working in the field, I completely disagree with the
         | qualification as "most ...." - it has well known deficiencies
         | and has not yet stood the test of time)
        
         | jebarker wrote:
         | > most significant advance since electrification
         | 
         | I just don't see how this can be claimed at this point.
        
           | shiandow wrote:
           | Well, society would collapse without computers so I think the
           | description is apt.
           | 
           | At best you could argue that they're the same phenomenon, but
           | then you might equally well argue electrification is just the
           | consequence of steam engines.
        
             | jebarker wrote:
             | Wait, was the parent comment talking about computers or ML?
             | I interpreted it as the latter. The former I can get behind
             | and I'd retract my statement!
        
       | throw_m239339 wrote:
       | Congrats to the laureates! Maybe a Computing prize should be
       | created though, like Nobel did not create the "nobel prize of
       | economy".Though you could argue that Computing is Math? What are
       | computer scientists usually awarded with?
       | 
       | edit: s/rewarded/awarded
        
         | jvanderbot wrote:
         | I think there's some backlash against a google-able answer
         | here.
         | 
         | However, from memory the list of biggest awards for CS/Math
         | are:
         | 
         | Fields medal
         | 
         | Abel prize
         | 
         | Turing award
         | 
         | Godel award
        
           | amarcheschi wrote:
           | Kanellakis award too for theoretical cs
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_Kanellakis_Award
        
           | seanhunter wrote:
           | I don't think Geoff Hinton is in the running for a Fields
           | medal[1] any more, unless they did what they did for Andrew
           | Wiles and give him a "quantized" Fields medal.
           | 
           | [1] You have to be under 40. https://www.fields.utoronto.ca/a
           | boutus/jcfields/fields_medal...
        
             | nybsjytm wrote:
             | Hinton was never in the running for a Fields medal since he
             | never made a single contribution to the field of
             | mathematics. His work is about empirical discoveries in CS.
        
         | astura wrote:
         | >What are computer scientists usually rewarded with?
         | 
         | The Turing Award is considered by most to be the highest award
         | in computer science.
        
           | jprete wrote:
           | Hinton already won a Turing award, so this Nobel just seems
           | doubly absurd.
           | 
           | I hope he turns it down, but it's a monetary prize too and it
           | takes a lot of dedication to science to turn it down.
        
             | FredPret wrote:
             | Isn't he a socialist?
        
               | Vecr wrote:
               | Doesn't matter. He wants to work on AI risk, right?
        
               | FredPret wrote:
               | Unsure of your point - I meant he doesn't believe in
               | provate property, so the prize money shouldn't be a
               | factor.
               | 
               | If he truly believes what he says he believes.
        
               | Vecr wrote:
               | Because you can use money to do things? Even if you don't
               | want private property after AGI, you need it now.
        
               | FredPret wrote:
               | Believing that you can do a better job of allocating your
               | Nobel prize money than a central authority is free-market
               | thinking.
               | 
               | If he's a socialist, he should donate all his property to
               | the government, including the entire prize money.
        
               | Vecr wrote:
               | Isn't the standard AI doom position that the government
               | taking control just kills everyone a few years later? The
               | money would be for research, not welfare or whatever the
               | government would use it for.
        
           | throw_m239339 wrote:
           | Oh yeah! I forgot about this one! Extremely prestigious in CS
           | but less known by the public unfortunately.
        
       | bjornsing wrote:
       | Honestly it feels a bit weird with a Nobel laureate in physics
       | who probably knows a lot less physics than even I* do... Makes me
       | cringe a bit to be honest.
       | 
       | Also makes me sad when I think about all the physicists and
       | engineers who have made the chips that can train multi-billion
       | parameter neural networks possible. I mean the so-called "bitter
       | lesson" of AI is basically "don't bet against the physicists at
       | ASML et al". No prize for them?
       | 
       | (*) I have a humble masters in engineering physics, but work in
       | ML and software.
        
         | mensetmanusman wrote:
         | I work in industry supporting these supply chains; our
         | advancements are part of a hive mind that could be harmed if
         | individuals were artificially highlighted for achievement.
         | 
         | The academics can have their awards, we smile seeing the world
         | change a bit at a time.
        
           | bjornsing wrote:
           | Nothing wrong with picking some random people out of a hive
           | mind. There seems to be some notable contributions around EUV
           | for example [1].
           | 
           | And BTW, is the same not true for machine learning? I don't
           | think many have even read the Boltzmann machine paper. It's
           | basically a footnote in the history of deep learning. It has
           | no practical significance today.
           | 
           | 1. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme_ultraviolet_lithog
           | ra...
        
       | lagrange77 wrote:
       | I'm annoyed that he was awarded just now, obviously as a reaction
       | to ChatGPT and the breakthrough of LLMs. If his work is worthy,
       | it has been worthy many years ago.
       | 
       | This reinforces the reduction of ML to LLMs, just like the use of
       | the term AI.
        
         | MeteorMarc wrote:
         | Now,it is also too late for Kohonen, see
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teuvo_Kohonen
        
       | tommysson wrote:
       | How do LeCun and Bengio feel about being left out of the most
       | prestigous prize of them all? (Geoffrey Hinton, Yann LeCun, and
       | Yoshua Bengio was together awarded the Turing prize in 2018...)
        
         | randcraw wrote:
         | Only three can win. Do those two deserve recognition more than
         | Hopfield?
        
       | quantum_state wrote:
       | Feynman would voice his objections if he were alive ... what
       | about nature was discovered? ANN is an application of a variant
       | of Universal Approximation Theorem ...
        
         | saithound wrote:
         | Feynman was a well-known proponent of AI and neural networks
         | [1]. He even gave popular lectures on the subject [2]. He also
         | claimed that replicating animal-like visual recognition
         | abilities in machines would be Nobel-worthy; deep learning was
         | certainoy a breakthrough in that.
         | 
         | [1] https://arxiv.org/pdf/2209.00083
         | 
         | [2] https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=ipRvjS7q1DI
        
           | drpossum wrote:
           | None of these arguments support giving a prize for this in
           | this field for this reason. Feynman was also critical of the
           | idea of the prize in general
        
             | lyu07282 wrote:
             | Yeah he only accepted his because he thought it would be
             | even more of a hassle not to, but it seems like he
             | seriously considered rejecting it.
        
             | elicash wrote:
             | They were responding to a specific claim someone made about
             | Feynman's views. It's a good contribution to these comments
             | and highly relevant.
        
         | parodysbird wrote:
         | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S037015731...
         | 
         | "Jet substructure at the Large Hadron Collider: A review of
         | recent advances in theory and machine learning"
        
         | randcraw wrote:
         | IMO this award recognizes the effort and success of modeling
         | the acquisition of knowledge, especially toward realizing such
         | models in usable ways that will surely redefine life on this
         | planet forever. Few Nobels have recognized work that is so
         | culturally groundbreaking (and so disruptive). It'd be hard to
         | see the Nobels as a significant measure of science/technology
         | if they did NOT acknowledge the revolution begat by ML using
         | DL. And with Hopfield at age 91 and Hinton 76, now is the right
         | time to do so.
        
       | _visgean wrote:
       | Well they should have given it to the guy who discovered the
       | famous equation e=mc2 + ai..
       | 
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/LinkedInLunatics/comments/13tbfqm/w...
        
         | firtoz wrote:
         | So that means AI = 0
         | 
         | Perfect
        
           | randcraw wrote:
           | Not AI = A?
        
             | firtoz wrote:
             | AI = A * I
        
         | jprete wrote:
         | That guy is more techbro than I can really handle.
        
       | muratgozel wrote:
       | Just watched the nobel prize live stream, surprised by the topic,
       | looks very engineering to me rather than physics, do algorithms
       | make physics subsidiary?
        
         | Anon84 wrote:
         | Both Hopefield Networks and Boltzmann machines trace their
         | origins and motivations to Statistical Mechanics and Spin
         | Glasses.
         | 
         | Coincidently, Giorgio Parisi got the 2021 Nobel prize for his
         | work on spin glasses
        
         | adamnemecek wrote:
         | It's closely related to statistical mechanics.
        
         | aDyslecticCrow wrote:
         | The physics prize has historically taken the role of both
         | "innovation/engineering" topics and "mathematics". It's more
         | broad than simply physics.
         | 
         | The most important factor tends to be the positive impact on
         | society, as that's one of the price's core tenets.
        
           | andrepd wrote:
           | >The most important factor tends to be the positive impact on
           | society
           | 
           | Making it even more baffling that this won then
        
             | choilive wrote:
             | If you don't think machine learning and neural networks
             | have made massive positive contributions to humanity then
             | you are naive.
        
               | DangitBobby wrote:
               | "Massive" seems overstated. Also doubt that it's net
               | positive.
        
               | aDyslecticCrow wrote:
               | You're probably only thinking about the modern chatbots
               | when you say that.
        
               | zeofig wrote:
               | Perhaps you have less idea what he's thinking than you
               | think you do.
        
             | aDyslecticCrow wrote:
             | I can understand the sentiment against the current "AI"
             | crace with chatbots. But are you dismissing neural networks
             | as a whole as non-impactful?
             | 
             | What about;
             | 
             | - Improved weather forecasts
             | 
             | - Protein folding
             | 
             | - Medical imaging and diagnostics
             | 
             | - Text-to-speech and voice recognition
             | 
             | - Language Translation
             | 
             | - Finance fraud detection
             | 
             | - Supply chain and logistics optimization
             | 
             | - Natural disaster prediction
        
           | quaxi wrote:
           | In the original will, invention is given the same weight as
           | discovery.
           | 
           | One could also argue that in 1895, applied computer science
           | and information theory would be considered physics.
        
         | viraj_shah wrote:
         | I am really surprised. I would have guessed that a Nobel Prize
         | would be awarded to advancements in the field itself. Not for
         | inspirations from it or to tools that led to advancements.
         | Although as I write this I'm sure there have been several
         | prizes awarded to scientists / engineers who have developed
         | tools to advance physics. Like radio astronomy? Still surprised
         | though.
        
           | parodysbird wrote:
           | Some other recent cases of the prize being given to an
           | engineering contribution:
           | 
           | - 2018 was for chirped pulse amplification, which is most
           | commonly used in medicine (LASIK surgery for example)
           | 
           | - 2014 was for basically for LED lights
           | 
           | - 2010 was for a method for producing graphene
           | 
           | - 2009 was for both charge-coupled device, which is a
           | component for digital imaging (including regular consumer
           | digital cameras), and fibre-optic cables
        
             | ladams wrote:
             | CPA is very very widely used in experimental physics, so I
             | don't really think it belongs on this list.
        
               | parodysbird wrote:
               | Well yeah, so are neural nets. I just meant that these
               | are engineering accomplishments, not scientific per se.
               | Of course experimental science will often take advantage
               | of cutting edge technology, including from computer
               | science.
        
               | adw wrote:
               | NNs have absolutely revolutionized systems biology
               | (itself a John Hopfield joint, and the AlphaFold team are
               | reasonably likely to get a Nobel for medicine and
               | physiology, possibly as soon as 'this year') and are
               | becoming relevant in all kinds of weird parts of solid-
               | state physics (trained functionals for DFT, eg
               | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-64619-8).
               | 
               | The idea that academic disciplines are in any way
               | isolated from each other is nonsense. Machine learning is
               | computer science; it's also information theory; that
               | means it's thermodynamics, which means it's physics. (Or,
               | rather, it can be understood properly through all of
               | these lenses).
               | 
               | John Hopfield himself has written about this; he views
               | his work as physics because _it is performed from the
               | viewpoint of a physicist_. Disciplines are subjective,
               | not objective, phenomena.
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | My personal theory is that Demis and John will win the
               | Chemistry prize for AlphaFold this year and that they
               | decided to also award this one to help bolster the idea
               | that ML is making fundamental improvements in academic
               | science.
               | 
               | I would prefer if there was an actual Nobel Prize for
               | Mathematics (not sure if the Fields would become that, or
               | a new prize created).
        
         | andrepd wrote:
         | Eh. """AI""" is all the rage so I guess even the nobel in
         | physics has to have something to do with this. Not a fan
        
         | stainablesteel wrote:
         | i reason it from the perspective that its because they've found
         | a way to make a machine out of bits that no one's ever made
         | before, they're physical objects
        
         | jhbadger wrote:
         | Well in 1912, the physics prize went to a guy who designed a
         | better light for light houses and buoys to prevent shipwrecks!
         | Actually, most early Nobels went to practical things.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustaf_Dal%C3%A9n
        
       | chriskanan wrote:
       | Here is the reasoning:
       | https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2024/09/advanced-physicsp...
       | 
       | I'm surprised Terry Sejnowski isn't included, considering it
       | seems to be for Hopfield Nets and Boltzmann machines, where Terry
       | played a large role in the latter.
        
         | whizzter wrote:
         | He was probably considered since he is mentioned in the
         | reasoning paper, still it could be one of those unfortunate
         | omissions in the nobel history since those deciding the prize
         | might have a hard time to measure impact.
        
           | gtirloni wrote:
           | Then they shouldn't be trusted to give awards in an area they
           | are not experts in.
        
             | whizzter wrote:
             | That would probably leave the prizes awarded in a very
             | narrow field, also the prize is supposed to be given to the
             | thing that has "conferred the greatest benefit to
             | humankind".
             | 
             | So in this case they picked something that might be viewed
             | as only having a tangential connection to the field, but
             | the impact has been so immense that they probably went
             | outside their regular comfort zone (and how many prizes can
             | we give for LHC work that really don't touch regular human
             | lives in the foreseeable future anyhow?).
        
             | bjoli wrote:
             | Impact is hard to quantify. There have been several
             | occasions where someone who very well deserved a Nobel
             | prize didn't get one. There are all kinds of reasons. Given
             | he is mentioned in the reasoning he was probably
             | considered. We can't know the reason he did not get the
             | prize.
             | 
             | I recently watched this quite video on the subject:
             | https://youtu.be/zS7sJJB7BUI?feature=shared and found it
             | quite enjoyable.
        
             | PokemonNoGo wrote:
             | Shouldn't be trusted? They are a random swedish foundation.
             | How is one going to change that? Or disallow it or what you
             | want.
        
             | henrikschroder wrote:
             | Trusted? The will of Alfred Nobel states that the Royal
             | Swedish Academy of Sciences _is_ the body that selects the
             | winner, you can 't change that.
             | 
             | Also, I think the process looks fairly decent:
             | 
             | https://www.nobelprize.org/nomination/physics/
             | 
             | Gather nominations, make a shortlist, research the
             | shortlist with actual field experts, present candidates,
             | discuss, and vote.
             | 
             | And in 50 years you'll be able to find out who the other
             | candidates were!
        
         | KingFelix wrote:
         | Yeah, Terry is a rockstar, and pumping out tons of papers.
         | Maybe they google scholared, list by citations?
        
         | dang wrote:
         | I guess it makes sense to use that link above since it goes
         | into much more detail. Changed from
         | https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2024/summary/.
         | Thanks!
        
         | mistercheph wrote:
         | Whether or not these fields are meaningfully distinct is a
         | matter of taste, despite the fashion being to imagine a
         | plurality of interconnected but autonomous domains.
        
         | hxnamer wrote:
         | Is this a widely accepted version of neural network history? I
         | recognize Rosenblatt, Perceptron, etc., but I have never heard
         | that Hopfield nets or Bolzmann machines were given any major
         | weight in the history.
         | 
         | The descriptions I have read were all mathematical, focusing on
         | the computational graph with the magical backpropagation (which
         | frankly is just memoizing intermediate computations). The
         | descriptions also went out of their way to discourage terms
         | like "synapses" and rather use "units".
        
           | Onavo wrote:
           | The deep learning variety of neural networks are heavily
           | simplified, mostly linear versions of biological neurons.
           | They don't resemble anything between your ears. Real life
           | neurons are generally modeled by differential equations (in
           | layman terms, have many levels of feedback loops tied to
           | time), not the simplified ones used in dense layer activation
           | functions.
           | 
           | Here are some examples
           | 
           | https://snntorch.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorials/tutorial.
           | ..
        
             | KoolKat23 wrote:
             | Would that be equivalent to Weight matrice parameters?
        
               | Onavo wrote:
               | Ish, take a look at the curves of the spiking neural
               | network function, they are very different from the deep
               | learning nets. When we "model" biological neural nets in
               | code, we are essentially coming up with a mathematical
               | transfer function that can replicate the chemical
               | gradient changes and electrical impulses of a real
               | neuron. Imagine playing a 3D computer game like
               | Minecraft, the physics is not perfect but they are "close
               | enough" to the real world.
        
           | dongecko wrote:
           | Bolzman machines were there in the very early days of deep
           | learning. It was a clever hack to train deep nets layer wise
           | and work with limited ressources.
           | 
           | Each layer was trained similar to the encoder part of an
           | autoencoder. This way the layerwise transformations were not
           | random, but roughly kept some of the original datas
           | properties. Up to here training was done without the use of
           | labelled data. After this training stage was done, you had a
           | very nice initialization for your network and could train it
           | end to end according to your task and target label.
           | 
           | If I recall correctly, the neural layers output was
           | probabilistic. Because of that you couldn't simply use back
           | propagation to learn the weights. Maybe this is the
           | connection to John Hopkins work. But here my memory is a bit
           | fuzzy.
        
             | etiam wrote:
             | Boltzmann machines were there in the 1980s, and they were
             | created on the basis of Hopfield nets (augmenting with
             | statistical physics techniques, among other reasons to
             | better navigate the energy landscape without getting stuck
             | in local optima so much).
             | 
             | From the people dissing the award here it seems like even a
             | particularly benign internet community like HN has little
             | notion of ML with ANN:s before Silicon Valley bought in for
             | big money circa 2012. And media reporting from then on
             | hasn't exactly helped.
             | 
             | ANN:s go back a good deal further still (as the updated
             | post does point out) but the works cited for this award
             | really are foundational for the modern form in a lot of
             | ways.
             | 
             | As for DL and backpropagation: Maybe things could have been
             | otherwise, but in the reality we actually got, optimizing
             | deep networks with backpropagation alone never got off the
             | ground on it's own. Around 2006 Hinton started getting it
             | to work by building up layer-wise with optimizing
             | Restricted Boltzmann Machines (the lateral connections
             | within a layer are eliminated from the full Boltzmann
             | Machine), resulting in what was termed a Deep Belief Net,
             | which basically did it's job already but could then be
             | fine-tuned with backprop for performance, once it had been
             | initialized with the stack of RBM:s. An alternative
             | approach with layer-wise autoencoders (also a technique
             | essentially created by Hinton) soon followed.
             | 
             | Once these approaches had shown that deep ANN:s could work
             | though, the analysis showed pretty soon that the random
             | weight initializations used back then (especially when
             | combined with the historically popular sigmoid activation
             | function) resulted in very poor scaling of the gradients
             | for deep nets which all but eliminated the flow of
             | feedback. It might have generally optimized eventually, but
             | after way longer wait than was feasible when run on the
             | computers back then. Once the problem was understood,
             | people made tweaks to the weight initialization, activation
             | function and otherwise the optimization, and then in many
             | cases it did work going directly to optimizing with
             | supervised backprop. I'm sure those tweaks are usually
             | taken for granted to the point of being forgotten today,
             | when one's favourite highly-optimized dedicated Deep
             | Learning library will silently apply the basic ones without
             | so much as being requested to, but take away the
             | normalizations and the Glorot or whatever initialization
             | and it could easily mean a trip back to rough times getting
             | your train-from-scratch deep ANN to start showing results.
             | 
             | I didn't expect this award, but I think it's great to see
             | Hinton recognized again, and precisely because almost all
             | modern coverage is to lazy to track down earlier history
             | than the 2010s, not least Hopfield's foundational
             | contribution, I think it is all the more important that the
             | Nobel foundation did.
             | 
             | So going back to the original question above: there are so
             | many bad, confused versions of neural network history going
             | around that whether or not this one is widely accepted
             | isn't a good measure of quality. For what it's worth, to me
             | it seems a good deal more complete and veridical than most
             | encountered today.
        
           | godelski wrote:
           | > I have never heard that Hopfield nets or Bolzmann machines
           | were given any major weight in the history.
           | 
           | This is mostly because people don't realize what these are at
           | more abstract levels (it's okay, ironically ML people
           | frequently don't abstract). But Hopfield networks and
           | Boltzmann machines have been pretty influential to the
           | history of ML. I think you can draw a pretty good connection
           | from Hopfield to LSTM to transformers. You can also think of
           | a typical artificial neural network (easiest if you look at
           | linear layers) as a special case of a Boltzmann machine
           | (compare Linear Layers/Feed Forward Networks to Restricted
           | Boltzmann Machines and I think it'll click).
           | 
           | Either way, these had a lot of influence on the early work,
           | which does permeate into the modern stuff. There's this
           | belief that all the old stuff is useless and I just think
           | that's wrong. There's a lot of hand engineered stuff that we
           | don't need anymore, but a lot of the theory and underlying
           | principles are still important.
        
         | seydor wrote:
         | Second time he gets overlooked (after turing award)
        
       | adamc wrote:
       | This is just weird. Can the Nobel prize committee not find
       | physics it wants to celebrate?
        
         | stroupwaffle wrote:
         | I think one can consider what AI will bring to the field of
         | physics. Merit is quite deserving of math and science of
         | building tools which will unlock potential discoveries from
         | here into the future.
         | 
         | Despite all of the talk surrounding AI in the
         | workforce/business world, I think it is actually most important
         | in science.
        
           | gauge_field wrote:
           | But, this is more of a applied math than physics. There are
           | many other scientist that contributed more towards
           | understanding of quantum systems, e.g. Aharonov.
           | 
           | Also, as a tool, it has not been as useful as influential as
           | they make it out to be, at least less influential than the
           | work Aharonov in terms of increasing our understanding
        
       | dr_dshiv wrote:
       | Did Hinton win for the restricted Boltzmann machine? I believe
       | Paul Smolensky has some priority with the Harmonium, but Hinton
       | certainly deserves it. But worth reading Smolensky's paper, it is
       | a classic!!
       | https://stanford.edu/~jlmcc/papers/PDP/Volume%201/Chap6_PDP8...
        
         | everybodyknows wrote:
         | I don't see a date in the PDF. When was it written?
        
           | ilya_m wrote:
           | It's a chapter from here: Rumelhart, D. E., McClelland, J.
           | L., & the PDP research group. (1986). Parallel distributed
           | processing: Explorations in the microstructure of cognition.
           | Volume I. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
        
             | gen220 wrote:
             | The whole book is quite good, btw! And it looks cool on a
             | bookshelf.
        
           | dcuthbertson wrote:
           | Another version of that paper [0] is dated Feb. 1986.
           | 
           | [0]: https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/ADA620727.pdf
        
       | ngcc_hk wrote:
       | Not really related to physics per sec, but to let physicist to
       | get out of research in physics. The most self-denial award ever.
       | But machine learning deserve a prize. Just this ... anyway
       | congratulations
        
       | hillsboroughman wrote:
       | I wonder if they ever gave a Physics Nobel to a person who held a
       | patent! People like Graham Bell never got recognized by the Nobel
       | people. I get the impression that Physics Nobel prizes were more
       | or less given only to University professors. They didnt seem to
       | particularly care for people with grease on their hands
        
         | tombert wrote:
         | I don't really know what I'm talking about, but weren't there
         | like 9 Nobel prizes awarded to Bell Labs engineers for physics?
         | One of which (I think) being the invention of the transistor,
         | which presumably had a patent.
        
         | dotnet00 wrote:
         | A post from yesterday, complaining about Musk not receiving a
         | prize despite (according to the author of that post) deserving
         | it, has had me thinking about that too. Folks like Bell, Musk,
         | Bezos etc are in many ways similar to Alfred Nobel, highly
         | successful and very controversial businessmen, where their
         | contributions to the world have had great positives and great
         | negatives.
         | 
         | Putting aside the fact that it's also entirely reasonable to
         | say that Musk, Bezos etc, while having changed the world, have
         | not really personally made breakthroughs in fundamental science
         | of the level as to deserve a Nobel prize; I wonder if the Nobel
         | Foundation avoids figures like that because of the parallels.
        
           | anonyfox wrote:
           | Currently I'd flat out refuse to give any sort of prize to
           | musk, that could be a tipping point for his mental
           | "stability" completely breaking down. The last few years
           | really had a toll on him. Fallen from idol to conspiracy
           | rightwing idiot crashing his companies more and more.
        
         | T-A wrote:
         | "Nakamura holds 208 US utility patents as of 5 May 2020" [1]
         | 
         | He's also a professor though, so maybe that doesn't meet your
         | criteria.
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuji_Nakamura
        
         | henrikschroder wrote:
         | Philipp Lenard had a patent on cathode ray tubes, Marconi on
         | wireless telegraphy, Dalen had plenty of patents on the
         | automatic lighthouse regulator he got the prize for, and many
         | others.
         | 
         | You can continue looking yourself:
         | https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/lists/all-nobel-prizes-in-...
         | 
         | Or maybe you can ask ChatGPT for a better summary?
        
       | divyaranjan1905 wrote:
       | Hinton has no published books on physics, and his bibliography of
       | papers, to the extent I've examined, lacks any serious
       | contributions to physics. There are underrepresented physicists
       | who never will come close to winning a Nobel. Not to speak of the
       | women in Physics, and the fact that we still have Edward Witten
       | who still isn't worthy of winning a Nobel. As someone who has
       | seen friends and others give up on physics due to being denied
       | for funding and other institutional issues, I am infuriated at
       | this gesture by the Nobel Committee.
       | 
       | When was the last time we gave someone a Nobel physics who hasn't
       | bothered writing a book? We have professors dying without a tint
       | of recognition for their work. The whole ordeal is terrible, it's
       | like giving Einstein a Nobel in medicine because his research on
       | photoelectric effect has opened a new domain in biotechnology and
       | because that's the new cool thing in the market, we'll go with
       | that.
       | 
       | A lot of the outsiders think "physics is dead", but dare they
       | look into the research inside it. It is not at all dead. And
       | arguing that failing to have definitive answers to the Big
       | questions means being 'dead' is a terrible way to look at the
       | field. Math still doesn't have a definite way to look at primes,
       | for centuries we didn't have the definite way to look at
       | algebraic equations of higher degrees and general solutions to
       | them. That didn't make math die, that's what keeps it alive. I am
       | fine with Hoppfield for once maybe, but seriously why Hinton?
        
       | amai wrote:
       | Nobody predicted that:
       | 
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/Physics/comments/1f94660/2024_nobel...
       | 
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/Physics/comments/1fydwg3/prediction...
        
       | Eliezer wrote:
       | THAT will help. Thank you to the Nobel Prize committee for this
       | choice.
        
       | kspacewalk2 wrote:
       | I suppose LeCun and Bengio are way too young for a Nobel prize
       | these days[0]
       | 
       | [0] https://www.ageing.ox.ac.uk/images/fig01.jpeg
        
         | Chabsff wrote:
         | No, these are the proper laureates (for that topic anyways,
         | whether the topic is appropriate in the first place is another
         | matter). LeCun and Bengio's works are undoubtedly immensely
         | impactful, but there's no denying that they are standing on
         | shoulders of giants.
        
           | scarmig wrote:
           | Schmidhuber enters the room and has lots of things to say.
        
             | mindcrime wrote:
             | Well to be fair, everything important in AI is based on
             | Jurgen's ideas!
             | 
             | J/K'ing. That said, Jurgen has done a lot of important
             | work, and may well be a bit under-appreciated.
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | He does get a reference in the Nobel announcement, so he
               | can console himself with that at least.
        
               | mindcrime wrote:
               | Good point. I suppose if one is going to not win the
               | Nobel Prize, a decent "consolation prize" is at least
               | being referenced in the prize announcement for whoever
               | did win.
        
         | queuebert wrote:
         | That is a really strange plot. It looks like they are fitting a
         | really high order polynomial to what is more or less a linear
         | or maybe quadratic trend. And the overfitting exaggerates the
         | recent trend.
        
       | seydor wrote:
       | It will certainly be an interesting acceptance speech by Hinton
        
       | FrustratedMonky wrote:
       | What if I were to tell you that Physics included more than
       | Theoretical Particles?
       | 
       | Are experimental Physicist just Engineers?
       | 
       | Are String Theorists just Mathematicians?
       | 
       | Is John von Neumann not a Physicist because he also worked with
       | Computers?
       | 
       | Awful lot of nit-picking in this thread.
        
         | rramadass wrote:
         | No; The Nobel Committee has done a complete error in judgement
         | with this.
         | 
         | These are Mathematics/CS techniques and nothing whatever to do
         | with _core Theoretical /Experimental Physics_ notwithstanding
         | that they may have been inspired from Physics. There are plenty
         | of Physics Researchers toiling away at real hard problems of
         | the Physical World and instead of recognizing them the
         | Committee has gone with "market fads" which themselves were
         | only realizable due to Hardware advances at scale over the past
         | decade. With this award they have disheartened and demotivated
         | all _true_ Physics Researchers which is a huge disservice to
         | the Hard Science Community.
         | 
         | This is not to say that AI/ML researchers/community are not
         | worthy of recognition. But they should not be folded under
         | Physics rather a new category should have been created and they
         | then awarded under it.
        
           | FrustratedMonky wrote:
           | I think there has now been enough crossover between
           | Information Theory and Quantum Mechanics, that we can stop
           | splitting hairs between "it's an algorithm on a computer,
           | that isn't physics".
        
         | blululu wrote:
         | Physics is pretty old and it has always been about
         | understanding the fundamental structure of reality. If it
         | doesn't tell you how it all goes round then it is not physics:
         | plain and simple.
        
           | FrustratedMonky wrote:
           | Do physicists know the fundamental structure? They have some
           | mathematical approximations that work for some measurements.
           | They can make some predictions in some areas, but the same
           | approximations break down in other areas. So the fundamentals
           | aren't 'known'.
           | 
           | Some think measurements is engineering. So are the physicist
           | that focus on building an apparatus to measure a theory, they
           | are engineers? So only the theoretical people doing math are
           | physicist? Even thought at that point they are only doing
           | math?
           | 
           | Is Information Theory and Entropy a Computer Science subject
           | or a Physics subject?
        
             | blululu wrote:
             | Physicists have learned quite a bit about the fundamental
             | structure of the cosmos in the last 500 years. We can get
             | into philosophical quibbles over what is knowledge and the
             | relationship between approximations to reality, but we have
             | clearly developed a very rich understanding of how the
             | world works. A lot of the fundamentals are very clearly
             | known. Entropy and statistical mechanics have been part of
             | physics for 150 years and have clearly enhanced our
             | understanding of the universe. Claude Shannon's work
             | definitively helped us understand the world more deeply. I
             | think deep learning is interesting but it would be a
             | stretch to claim that this has enriched our understanding
             | of the universe by a large margin. Definitely not as much
             | as Shannon's work.
        
         | slashdave wrote:
         | > Are String Theorists just Mathematicians?
         | 
         | Umm... well
        
       | molli wrote:
       | Hinton: Studied psychology, became cognitive scientist.
       | 
       | Schmidhuber: Studied cs and math, developed algorithmic theory of
       | the computable universe.
       | 
       | Hinton wins Nobel price in physics.
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | Was just listening to a live radio interview with Hinton finding
       | him in a small hotel room in California somewhere quite
       | flabbergasted at the news. Interviewer all happy for him etc, but
       | when delving more into what it was for he started to go off on AI
       | concerns etc and the interview didn't last much longer.
       | 
       | Acceptance speech might be something.
        
         | scarmig wrote:
         | Hoping he speaks a lot of truth to power.
        
       | an_cap wrote:
       | An excellent career retrospective by John Hopfield -
       | https://pni.princeton.edu/sites/g/files/toruqf321/files/docu...
       | 
       | "As an Academy member I could publish such a paper without any
       | review (this is no longer true, a sad commentary on aspects of
       | science publishing and the promotion of originality)."
        
         | DrillShopper wrote:
         | Yeah, fuck peer review!/s
        
           | ajkjk wrote:
           | Everyone's first thought when they read something is whatever
           | the social norms say you're supposed to think (peer review =
           | good, publishing without peer review = not science somehow?),
           | but shouldn't you stop and wonder why the esteemed scientist
           | wrote that line instead of just dismissing it? Otherwise you
           | are only chiming in to enforce a norm that everyone already
           | knows about, which is pointless.
           | 
           | One of the really refreshing things about reading older
           | research is how there used to be all these papers which are
           | just stray thoughts that this or that scientist had,
           | sometimes just a few paragraphs of response to some other
           | paper, or a random mathematical observation that might mean
           | nothing. It feels very healthy. Of course there were far
           | fewer scientists then; if this was allowed today it might be
           | just too crowded to be useful; back then everyone mostly knew
           | about everyone else and it was more based on reputation. But
           | dang it must have been in a nice to have such an unrestricted
           | flow of ideas.
           | 
           | Today the notion of a paper is that it is at least ostensibly
           | "correct" and able to be used as a source of truth: cited in
           | other papers, maybe referred to in policy or legal settings,
           | etc. But it seems like this wasn't always the case, at least
           | in physics and math which are the fields I've spent a lot of
           | time on. From reading old papers you get the impression that
           | they really used to be more about just sharing ideas, and
           | that people wouldn't publish a bad paper because it would be
           | embarrassing to do so, rather than because it was double- and
           | triple-checked by reviewers.
        
             | erinnh wrote:
             | Im not a scientist and do not know how these things work
             | out, but wouldn't it be possible for scientist to simply
             | publish their papers online without peer review if that is
             | what they want?
             | 
             | What's stopping them from doing so?
        
               | auggierose wrote:
               | Their survival instinct.
        
               | naasking wrote:
               | The only for work to have an impact is if it gets
               | exposure. Publishing in journals got you an audience, but
               | that audience is gatekept by peer review, which has its
               | problems.
               | 
               | So sure, you could publish but the chance of having an
               | impact was low. Thankfully that's changed a bit with
               | arxiv.
        
               | MichaelDickens wrote:
               | Nothing stops them, some people do do that. Two examples
               | that come to mind are Aella's research on fetishes[1] and
               | Scott Alexander's research on birth order effects[2]. But
               | you don't get academic credibility by publishing online
               | without peer review, and it's much harder to get
               | university funding.
               | 
               | [1] https://aella.substack.com/p/fetish-tabooness-vs-
               | popularity
               | 
               | [2] https://slatestarcodex.com/2018/01/08/fight-me-
               | psychologists...
        
             | ars wrote:
             | That still exists, they just call them pre-prints and put
             | them on the arxiv.
        
               | ajkjk wrote:
               | Very true and it's wonderful. But only a thing in some
               | fields, as I understand it. In the past that was the role
               | that a lot of papers played but the conflation of
               | publications and citations with career advancement messes
               | that all up.
        
             | tikhonj wrote:
             | We still have lots of stray thoughts, responses and
             | observations, now they just happen on blog posts, on social
             | media and in other non-peer-reviewed venues. The Internet
             | has driven the cost of publishing to 0, and peer review is
             | the only thing left that makes academic publishing
             | qualitatively different. If anything, publishing your
             | thoughts online is better than publishing a traditional
             | paper in every single way _except_ for peer review.
        
               | ajkjk wrote:
               | Well, publishing online also has a reach problem. The
               | nice thing about journals is that they consolidate all
               | the material on a subject. Arxiv does this for some
               | fields (and I guess similar aggregators in other fields)
               | but really it is nice to have the thoughts still be
               | _curated_, like a magazine, without necessarily being to
               | a citeable/publishable standard.
        
           | naasking wrote:
           | Yes, but non-sarcastically.
        
         | kkylin wrote:
         | National Academy members still get to pick the reviewers (if
         | they choose to go that route rather than regular submisssion),
         | and the review is not blind. The reviews themselves are not
         | public, but the identities of the reviewers are made public
         | once the paper is out. So members can't just say whatever sh*t
         | they want (and you can imagine some do), but still a highly
         | unusual process.
        
       | bookofjoe wrote:
       | Has there ever been a Nobel Prize whose basis is more threatening
       | to HN core constituency?
        
       | andrenth wrote:
       | I guess if it's not metaphysics then it's physics.
        
       | timonoko wrote:
       | Why is that? I have video of Teuvo Kohonen explaining neural
       | networks in 1985. "You can stack them" and "when a network has
       | learned a skill, you can sell it as separate entity". What more
       | you want?
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/Qy3h7kT3P5I?si=3Klgib0TaTbiG6dC&t=2477
        
         | ecosystem wrote:
         | Hopfield associate NNs was several years prior to 1985.
        
       | ecosystem wrote:
       | Hopfield made substantial contributions (Nobel-contention work)
       | in multiple fields, which is truly astonishing: Kinetic
       | proofreading (biochemistry/biophysics), HopNets (ML), long
       | distance electron transfer (physics), and much more.
       | 
       | Welcome news that he finally got there.
        
       | cwiz wrote:
       | It seems physics is natural continuation for those who want
       | understand what's behind the curtains after all. Thanks
       | physicists for providing support for AI scientists. Next phase
       | for joint research is quantum AI where one would need expertise
       | in both physics and ML.
        
         | T-A wrote:
         | Old news:
         | 
         | https://www.nature.com/articles/nature23474
        
       | nextos wrote:
       | I find the prize a bit odd this time since it focused on Hopfield
       | networks and Boltzmann machines. Picking those two architectures
       | in particular seems a bit arbitrary. Besides, Parisi got the
       | prize last year (edit: actually 2021, time flies) for spin
       | glasses. Hopfield networks are quite related. They could have
       | included Hopfield & Hinton too, and it would have looked more
       | coherent.
       | 
       | It is also concerning that lately the Nobel Committee seems to be
       | ignoring fundamental broad theoretical contributions. In this
       | case, backpropagation, where Seppo Linnainmaa could have been one
       | of the awardees. It is a bit sad he and others who have already
       | passed away get little credit for something so fundamental.
        
         | whatshisface wrote:
         | The Nobel in Physics only goes with experimental discoveries,
         | Peter Higgs didn't get his (deserved since the 70s) until the
         | LHC directly observed the particle.
         | 
         | I agree that Hopfield networks and Boltzmann machines are a
         | surprisingly arbitrary choices. It is like they wanted to give
         | a prize to someone for neural networks, but had to pick people
         | from inside their own field to represent the development, which
         | limited the range of options. There is also the aspect of the
         | physics community wanting to give somebody that they liked a
         | Nobel, and then trying to fit them in. (The prize isn't handed
         | out by a shadowy committee of Swedes, there's an involved and
         | highly bureaucratic process for nomination that requires your
         | colleagues to take up your case.)
        
           | nextos wrote:
           | But, as you said, Higgs got his prize once theories were
           | tested. Hence, theoretical contributors (still alive as per
           | prize rules) could have been included here as well.
        
           | dawnofdusk wrote:
           | Giorgio Parisi's prize proves the committee gives prizes for
           | theoretical discoveries nowadays. This year's prize is more
           | proof.
        
           | pfortuny wrote:
           | Mmmmhhhhh... What about Penrose? Honest question.
        
           | graemep wrote:
           | Nor did Georges Lemaitre, nor other theorists, and in that
           | case the experimental physicists who (accidentally!)
           | discovered the evidence did win Nobels.
        
           | spullara wrote:
           | I've never heard that it had to be tied to experimental
           | discoveries. For example, Feynman got the prize for Feynman
           | diagrams, path integrals and QED calculations. None of that
           | directly tied to experimental work.
           | 
           | It has definitely been awarded for both theoretical and
           | experimental contributions throughout its history. Many
           | theoretical physicists have received the prize for their
           | conceptual breakthroughs, even without direct experimental
           | verification at the time.
        
             | Waterluvian wrote:
             | Interesting. Those are essentially inventions, not
             | discoveries?
        
             | dekhn wrote:
             | That was the reasoning given when Einstein won his prize
             | for the photoelectric effect, not relativity (although the
             | reasons were actually fairly complicated:
             | https://www.advancedsciencenews.com/the-dramatic-story-
             | behin...)
        
         | wing_rets wrote:
         | Parisi won in 2021, not last year. His work was more about
         | establishing spin glasses as a way to study complex systems.
         | Hopfield definitely built on that, showing how those ideas
         | could be applied to neural networks and info storage in state-
         | space machines.
         | 
         | As for focusing on Hopfield networks and Boltzmann machines, I
         | get where you're coming from. They're just a couple of
         | architectures among many, but they're pretty foundational.
         | They're deeply rooted in statistical mechanics and have had a
         | huge impact, finding applications across a range of fields
         | beyond just machine learning.
        
           | nextos wrote:
           | Thanks, that's right, 2021 not 2023. Corrected.
        
         | adw wrote:
         | > Hopfield networks and Boltzmann machines
         | 
         | Think of this as a Nobel prize for systems physics -
         | essentially "creative application of statistical mechanics" -
         | and it makes a lot more sense why you'd pick these two.
         | 
         | (I am a mineral physicist who now works in machine learning,
         | and I absolutely think of the entire field as applied
         | statistical mechanics; is that correct? Yes and no: it's a
         | valid metaphor.)
        
           | alephnerd wrote:
           | You ain't wrong.
           | 
           | Lots of ML is heavily influenced by fundamental research done
           | by Physicists (eg. Boltzmann Machines), Linguists (eg.
           | Optimality Theory / Paul Smolensky, Phylogenetic Trees/Stuart
           | Russell+Tandy Warnow), Computational Biologists (eg.
           | Phylogenetic Trees/Stuart Russell+Tandy Warnow), Electrical
           | Engineers (eg. Claude Shannon), etc.
           | 
           | ML (and CS in general) is very interdisciplinary, and it
           | annoys me that a lot of SWEs think they know more than other
           | fields.
        
       | avip3d wrote:
       | Why does it fall under physics and not under mathematics?
        
         | uoaei wrote:
         | There is no Nobel Prize in Mathematics.
        
         | AceJohnny2 wrote:
         | the Nobel Prize doesn't do mathematics.
        
           | dredmorbius wrote:
           | Further: the "Nobel equivalent" maths prize is the Fields
           | Medal:
           | 
           | <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fields_Medal>
        
         | lucasban wrote:
         | There isn't a Nobel prize for mathematics. There is the Fields
         | medal but it is different, and not handled by the same
         | organization.
        
           | gweinberg wrote:
           | True, but that's not a very good reason for giving a Nobel
           | Prize in Physics to something that isn't physics. I think the
           | standard way of giving a Nobel Prize to mathematicians is to
           | call it economics.
        
       | dev1ycan wrote:
       | You can't take this back, this literally just discredited the
       | only nobel that actually mattered, great job discrediting the
       | nobel.
        
         | uoaei wrote:
         | This is an appropriate application of this prize considering
         | the adage that there are now three pillars to science, the
         | third being simulation (after theory and experiment).
         | 
         | Also, many of the underlying theories in machine learning
         | display deep analogy with physical laws we are already familiar
         | with, e.g., thermodynamics.
         | 
         | Machine learning is much bigger than chatbots.
        
           | OneDonOne wrote:
           | What Nobel-worthy physical, chemical, or biological process
           | has been solved/discovered in silico?
        
           | moralestapia wrote:
           | Hey!
           | 
           | >the adage that there are now three pillars to science, the
           | third being simulation (after theory and experiment)
           | 
           | Any specific place I could learn more about this? (aside from
           | Google obv.)
           | 
           | I do simulation for a living, so that is mega-interesting to
           | me.
        
             | uoaei wrote:
             | I heard it from a professor who was a researcher in
             | magnetohydrodynamics, studying flows on and under the
             | surface of the sun. I don't know where to read more
             | unfortunately, I'm not sure where it'sbeen fleshed out as
             | an ideology.
        
         | gandalfgreybeer wrote:
         | Two of my research advisers whose dissertations in PhD Physics
         | had Hopfield as their primary reference. I'm also a PhD
         | candidate working on one right now (no longer my primary
         | reference because of all the developments) but I can trace
         | several of my main references back to them.
        
       | OneDonOne wrote:
       | What do computer programs have to do with physics?
        
         | hildolfr wrote:
         | I get the hoopla about why this shouldn't be in physics, but to
         | answer your question: everything.
         | 
         | We like to act like it's a new abstraction entirely, but
         | everything about code is predicated on physics and earlier
         | associated works.
        
       | nilkn wrote:
       | This must be frustrating to see for all the actual physicists out
       | there. What work in physics got ignored so that a prize for AI
       | could be shoehorned in?
       | 
       | I do think work on neural networks does rise to the level of a
       | Nobel Prize. So I don't have any problem with this work getting
       | such high-level recognition. But I really struggle with the
       | physics classification and the side effect of omitting an award
       | to physicists this cycle.
        
         | siva7 wrote:
         | Well, was there anything in physics more important than AI? No?
         | See...
        
           | xvedejas wrote:
           | It just makes one wonder, what is the point of categories of
           | Nobel prizes? Should they instead hand out half a dozen or so
           | prizes each year for whatever is most important to them?
        
             | whatshisface wrote:
             | The categories correspond to who's filling out the
             | nomination paperwork, and voting. You might think of it as
             | a "Nobel from physics," which only usually is a Nobel in
             | physics.
        
             | pknomad wrote:
             | No deeper point other than the person who funded it thought
             | these fields should be awarded and encouraged (econ is the
             | exception).
        
         | pknomad wrote:
         | I was scratching my head but then it seems like the precedence
         | for awarding Nobel prize for Physics for something that isn't
         | "exclusively" physics has been set before.
         | 
         | https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2018/summary/
         | 
         | Peter Shor also got an award (albeit non Nobel) for something
         | that overlaps Physics with Math + CS.
         | 
         | https://news.mit.edu/2022/shor-spielman-breakthrough-prize-0...
         | 
         | To me, I'd rather see a Nobel Prize in Math/CS/IS but if I had
         | to choose where these type of work would be shoehorned into
         | existing Nobel prize category physics would be it.
        
         | ecosystem wrote:
         | That could be true for half the prize, but for the other half,
         | Hopfield is part of undergraduate and graduate physics canon.
        
         | GaggiX wrote:
         | Many of the actual physicists out there are ML researchers.
        
         | photochemsyn wrote:
         | The distinctions between experimental-theoretical scientific
         | disciplines are fairly arbitrary, e.g. where does one draw the
         | line between physics and chemistry and biology? Mathematics is
         | something of an exception but there's no Nobel for that, nor
         | for astronomy, planetary science, etc.
         | 
         | The Nobels are grossly overrated and the idea that one can
         | follow the most important scientific developments of the past
         | century by just listing off the Nobel Prizes since 1905 is one
         | best abandoned.
        
       | xcodevn wrote:
       | Looking forward to Hinton receiving a Fields Medal for
       | _inventing_ backpropagation.
        
         | aithrowawaycomm wrote:
         | This is sarcastic, right?
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seppo_Linnainmaa
        
         | xanderlewis wrote:
         | Is this a joke?
        
       | Izikiel43 wrote:
       | Weird, this is what the Turing award is for
        
       | crmd wrote:
       | I strongly suspect consciousness will be the next great paradigm
       | in physics, following electrodynamics, quantum mechanics, and
       | general relativity, now that the 'detour' of string theory is
       | mostly behind us. Some, like Penrose, are already thinking about
       | it but too late in their careers to make any breakthroughs.
       | 
       | Machine learning research is the logical entry point as the
       | 'particle physics' of cognition and consciousness.
       | 
       | I think in retrospect we will say it was obvious why so many
       | physics PhDs were working on ML during this era.
        
         | jhbadger wrote:
         | Of course there's another reason why physics PhDs are working
         | on ML these days -- it's also the same reason so many of them
         | are Wall Street quants.
        
         | dudu24 wrote:
         | I am a physicist working in ML and this is an absolutely
         | bonkers comment lol
        
       | NalNezumi wrote:
       | This feels.... Weird, It feels like Turing award exist for a
       | reason and Hinton getting Nobel prise in physics is a stretch,
       | unless you claim his contribution extend to things such as
       | development of Alphafold.
       | 
       | In any case, I'm anticipating a long blog post from Schmidhuber
       | about this soon.
        
       | sharadov wrote:
       | Wouldn't ML and NN fall under the field of mathematics than
       | physics?
        
       | pknerd wrote:
       | eh..is it some kind of hallucination by "NobelGPT"?
        
       | kdavis wrote:
       | As someone who has done lots of work in both fields, this is some
       | BS.
        
       | WhitneyLand wrote:
       | "In 1985 Hinton published a paper 'How I Intend to Screw Over
       | Physicists by Winning Their Nobel Prize'"
       | 
       | As expected iconoclast Sabine Hossenfelder is quick out of the
       | gate with sarcasm and commentary on this one.
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/dR1ncz-Lozc?si=7kpntqwCzp0HLi02
        
         | bijant wrote:
         | thank you for wasting 2 minutes of my time as I obviously
         | looked for the paper in parallel to listening to the video XD
        
       | sidcool wrote:
       | Can someone ELI5 what they did?
        
       | jmakov wrote:
       | Wonder when Anna will get her share since she's making all this
       | possible by making the articles and books available (Anna's
       | archive).
        
         | mppm wrote:
         | It will be awarded jointly to Anna and Alexandra. "For
         | incalculable contributions to all sciences".
        
       | chubot wrote:
       | I definitely think their work is deserving of awards, but I kinda
       | agree with other commenters in that this says more about the
       | Nobel committee than anything
       | 
       | i.e. Hinton has already won a Turing Award in 2018, and there is
       | no Nobel for computer science
       | 
       | And this work was already recognized to have impact ~12 years
       | ago, when he auctioned his company of 2 grad students to
       | Google/Microsoft/Baidu/Facebook, for over $40M, ultimately going
       | with Google [1]
       | 
       | ---
       | 
       | i.e. IMO it feels a little late / weird / irrelevant to be giving
       | this award in physics to machine learning research - it doesn't
       | feel like that would have happened without the news cycle
       | 
       | At least IMO the scientific awards are more interesting when
       | they're leading indicators, not trailing ones -- when they are
       | given by peers, acknowledging impact that may happen in the
       | future.
       | 
       | Because it often takes decades to have impact, and it may occur
       | after the researcher has passed away
       | 
       | ---
       | 
       | [1] https://www.amazon.com/Genius-Makers-Mavericks-Brought-
       | Faceb... - good book if you're interested in how technology
       | transfer happened in the last 10-15 years
        
         | whatshisface wrote:
         | > _IMO it feels a little late / weird / irrelevant_
         | 
         | > _scientific awards are more interesting when leading
         | indicators_
         | 
         | Peter Higgs waited 50 years, the Nobel is not a "leading
         | indicator." If it was, it would be given out on the basis of
         | the "hype cycle," which would not be very helpful to anybody.
        
           | chubot wrote:
           | Well, it's possible to wait 50 years, and still NOT have
           | realized the full impact of your work in society
           | 
           | Sometimes science/engineering turns out like that
           | 
           | e.g. I think Claude Shannon is like that -- his impact
           | continues to rise, and he's viewed as more important after he
           | died
           | 
           | He apparently never won a Turing Award or Nobel Prize,
           | probably because there was and is no Nobel in computer
           | science
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_Shannon#Awards_and_hono.
           | ..
           | 
           | So I guess I mean "drawing attention to something that would
           | have not otherwise had attention", and based on the consensus
           | of people working in the field
        
           | meepmorp wrote:
           | The Higgs boson was first detected in 2012 and he won the
           | Nobel the following year. Saying he waited 50 years for the
           | prize is a bit disingenuous.
        
             | kibwen wrote:
             | It's not disingenuous, the Higgs mechanism was theorized in
             | the 60s:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_for_the_Higgs_boson
        
             | martopix wrote:
             | Not the poster, but I don't understand the downvotes: this
             | is exactly right. Higgs was awarded the Nobel after the
             | mechanism he theorized was experimentally confirmed, and
             | that is 100% the reason it took so long.
        
               | meepmorp wrote:
               | Right! Einstein didn't get the Nobel because the theory
               | of relativity is awesome, he got it after Eddington
               | observed gravitational lensing during an eclipse,
               | confirming a key prediction.
               | 
               | Brilliant theorizing can be both brilliant and wrong.
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | Einstein got the Nobel Prize for his work on quantum
               | physics, not relativity.
        
       | hintymad wrote:
       | Has NN led to any fundamental breakthrough in physics research? I
       | understand the impact from NN to scientific research, but I'm not
       | aware of any big results in fundamental physics research because
       | of NN.
        
         | colmmacc wrote:
         | It's not the Nobel Prize in Fundamental Physics though, and
         | maybe this is correcting a bias that has been present for too
         | long. Just because something isn't quantum or astronomical
         | doesn't mean it's not physics.
         | 
         | Physics is the study of the physical world, and learning,
         | imagination, creativity, are all phenomena that we observe in
         | the physical world but have only a primitive understanding of.
         | It's a staggering advancement that we can now simulate key
         | aspects of each.
        
         | etiam wrote:
         | It seems like part of the motivation here is that it's possible
         | to run many contemporary and planned very-big-science projects
         | at all, since nobody's going to be sitting around analyzing
         | centuries' worth of unvetted sensor data, but there are plenty
         | of people prepared to spend a few years of their lives checking
         | and massaging the regions of interest marked by a computer
         | cluster.
         | 
         | The simplest cases will have been long enabled by simpler
         | regressions and such, of course, but the more complex pattern
         | recognition appears to be appreciated.
        
       | mikaeluman wrote:
       | I think this says more about the state of modern physics than
       | anything else. Sad.
        
       | chx wrote:
       | I posted https://hachyderm.io/@chx/113272153511607297
       | 
       | > So they gave the Nobel Physics prize to AI bros before honoring
       | another woman. Five women were ever honored so and 221 men.
       | 
       | > This is your regular reminder Wikipedia refused an attempt to
       | create a page for Donna Strickland with "This submission's
       | references do not show that the subject qualifies for a Wikipedia
       | article" not half a year before she became a Nobel laureate.
       | Katalin Kariko's page was not created until April 27, 2020.
       | 
       | #EverydaySexism #SystemicMisogyny
       | 
       | It got a decent amount of favs and retoots - and no angry
       | responses. Now, when I posted this here, it got flagged.
       | 
       | That tells a hell lot about the people who visit the site. It's a
       | great opportunity to check your own biases. That's why I am
       | reposting it with this note.
        
       | AlbertCory wrote:
       | Consider the Nobel in economics:
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Econom...
       | 
       | It was not one of the original five, but it was endowed by a
       | bank.
       | 
       | SO: you tech billionaires, why don't _you_ endow a Prize in
       | Computer Science? That would end the dispute about whether ML is
       | "really" physics?
        
       | UncleOxidant wrote:
       | Isn't backpropagation to train NNs the big innovation in this
       | space? Neither of these guys invented that.
        
         | fsndz wrote:
         | I think they look at the overall impact not just one single
         | thing. a lot of people invented backpropagation independently
         | but after that their impact was low. Hinton is like everywhere
         | when you look at the state of machine learning now
        
       | infinite8s wrote:
       | Hinton is only one of two people in history to win both the Nobel
       | and the Turing award (Herbert Simon is the other, although he won
       | the economics Nobel).
        
       | zulban wrote:
       | Tinfoil hat: this is a scheme to stir up enough trouble that a
       | Nobel prize for computer science is created.
        
       | rkp8000 wrote:
       | Here is a link to the press conference with Hopfield at Princeton
       | University: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uk3Ok1D1xR8
        
       | zeofig wrote:
       | Looks like the Nobel wants to fast track its march towards
       | irrelevancy. What a joke.
       | 
       | I see a lot of people saying "physics has stalled" etc., which is
       | not the case. It may be the case for high energy physics (I would
       | not even make that statement myself with any confidence), but
       | there is a lot of other physics being done.
        
       | mindcrime wrote:
       | Congratulations to Doctors Hopfield and Hinton! It's wonderful to
       | see them both receiving such an esteemed prize, in recognition of
       | the outstanding work they have both done.
        
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