[HN Gopher] World-first therapy using donor cells sends autoimmu...
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       World-first therapy using donor cells sends autoimmune diseases
       into remission
        
       Author : Brajeshwar
       Score  : 80 points
       Date   : 2024-10-05 17:46 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nature.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nature.com)
        
       | jajko wrote:
       | That sounded almost too good to be true, especially with
       | autoimmune stuff which seems even trickier to tackle than many
       | cancers. One hell of achievement if it pans out long term.
        
         | John_Cena wrote:
         | I suffer from psoriasis. This seems like another 'solution'
         | that really only addresses how the diseases manifest but not
         | the root cause. I can go get a shot today that blunts my immune
         | system, and my psoriasis will calm down for a year but I'll
         | probably get a couple wicked chest colds.
         | 
         | Autoimmune diseases in no small part ruined my life. Forgive me
         | if I seem rude, but I don't trust pharma to solve jack or shit
         | without the correct financial incentives, and those proper
         | financial incentives just can't organically exist for chronic
         | sufferers of any novel disease.
        
           | fao_ wrote:
           | > This seems like another 'solution' that really only
           | addresses how the diseases manifest but not the root cause.
           | 
           | If you read the article, you'd see that one of the features
           | is that in the vast majority of cases, the B-cells return,
           | but not the B-cells that were causing the immunodeficiency
           | 
           | quote: "Once injected into the hosts, the CAR T cells got to
           | work. They multiplied and targeted and destroyed all the B
           | cells -- including pathogenic cells linked to the autoimmune
           | conditions. The bioengineered T cells survived for weeks in
           | the recipients before largely vanishing. Eventually, new
           | healthy B cells returned, but no pathogenic ones did. A
           | similar response has been observed in people with autoimmune
           | conditions who received CAR T cells derived from their own
           | cells."
           | 
           | My point being that the immune system appears to remains
           | functional with this treatment, differentiating it from the
           | clinical therapies that are available to you currently.
           | 
           | Speaking as someone who has also been let down by the medical
           | system, but also who wouldn't be alive without it: I agree
           | that Big Pharma is a problem (anyone disagreeing with that is
           | arguing against the scientific evidence -- Ben Goldacre's
           | book Bad Pharma is a good introduction to the problems with
           | the industry), and that in the gross case they are lacking
           | financial incentives. At the same time, this does not mean
           | that the clinical therapies we have or are developing, are
           | utterly ineffective.
        
       | sosuke wrote:
       | For the sake of my question let's assume this is legit and
       | magically works for a wide range of autoimmune conditions. How
       | many years away are we from being able to sign up for this
       | treatment? 10 years? 20? 30?
       | 
       | It would be nice to dream of it happening sometime soon.
        
         | thebeardisred wrote:
         | In the US, my "back of the napkin" estimate tends to be 8-15
         | years, if it passes trials.
        
           | kiba wrote:
           | Is there a way to speed up trials without compromising
           | quality?
        
             | Retric wrote:
             | Not really, the process gets shortcut when the benefits of
             | moving fast are dramatic enough.
             | 
             | So sure we could speed things up by killing more people
             | undergoing medical experiments. But the current approach of
             | validating safety in humans then efficacy in humans is
             | inherently serial. Further a lot more stuff is going into
             | the pipeline than actually ends up working.
        
             | adamredwoods wrote:
             | Possible to use surrogate endpoints, which is used for
             | slower evolving diseases. But then the claims need to be
             | associated with the new endpoints.
             | 
             | FDA can fast track certain drugs, but it really needs to
             | show amazing efficacy.
        
             | throwup238 wrote:
             | Only for orphan and ultra orphan diseases where there are
             | so few patients that it's not economically viable to do
             | full clinical trials.
             | 
             | There is also a breakthrough therapy designation where the
             | clinical evidence is solid enough to release the drug while
             | they finish full trials but that's only in exceptional
             | cases.
        
         | hammock wrote:
         | In Mexico, maybe a year?
         | 
         | (Please don't downvote me because you don't like the tone of
         | that. Europe banned artificial food colors and Japan is using
         | self-replicating RNA vaccines. There is a wide spectrum of risk
         | tolerance and healthcare does not revolve around the USA)
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | Depends. Do you want to be a patient, or a trial test subject?
        
         | wpasc wrote:
         | amen. I've tried 3 tnf inhibitors that have not worked (and had
         | negative side effects). Cosentyx (il 17a inhibitor) kinda
         | scares me. I always like to keep my hopes that some better
         | autoimmune treatments could come soon
        
         | mhuffman wrote:
         | Maybe not long at all. Scroll down to the section that says
         | "Our Approach : Building a Designer Immune System" on this
         | site[0]
         | 
         | [0]https://orcabio.com/what-we-do/
        
       | wslh wrote:
       | Does this new donor-cell therapy potentially include the top-10
       | autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus
       | (checked), and/or Hashimoto's thyroiditis?
        
         | mrzimmerman wrote:
         | Can I ask how "top 10" is defined? Is it the most common, or
         | perhaps the most destructive to the individual?
        
           | wslh wrote:
           | I sorted by the most common, not the most destructive, but
           | the key point is how 'easily' this could be extrapolated to
           | other autoimmune diseases.
        
       | m3kw9 wrote:
       | In the future a pill with donor cells will be prescribed 1x a day
       | for 3 days.
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | Depends. If it's up to bigPharma, it will be 1 pill 3x a day,
         | forever. Chronic patients are the best to the bottom line
        
           | adamredwoods wrote:
           | Keep an eye on sickle cell anemia cure then.
        
           | eth0up wrote:
           | I thoroughly agree with your grayed comment. It doesn't
           | necessarily imply that it's all greed and evil, but there's
           | enough of it to dignify your statement, without applying my
           | own experience.
        
       | amluto wrote:
       | Derek Lowe on this use of CAR-T:
       | https://www.science.org/content/blog-post/car-t-autoimmune-d...
       | 
       | And on the apparent long term risks of CAR-T:
       | https://www.science.org/content/blog-post/downside-car-t-the...
        
       | noobermin wrote:
       | While the promise is great, let's be real. All of these
       | personalised therapies get loads of funding because they almost
       | inherently will be very expensive since they cannot scale,
       | meaning drug manufactures supplying these can make a killing even
       | compared to already expensive but more commonly used therapies. I
       | guess this is more a comment on car-t usage in oncology and if
       | this leads to seriously improved health outxomes, then of course,
       | all the power to them.
       | 
       | Edit: i was mistaken, see below.
        
         | dyauspitr wrote:
         | That's the whole point here, it's not personalized. It comes
         | from a donor so it's somewhat standardized.
        
         | danielfoster wrote:
         | I understand this therapy is inherently more complex, but there
         | are plenty of medical treatments that have helped millions of
         | people without scaling like a drug: IVF, cognitive behavior
         | therapy, casts for broken bones, etc.
         | 
         | Maybe I'm too optimistic but I'm sure the overall cost can be
         | reduced dramatically over time even with individualization.
        
         | GeekyBear wrote:
         | > very expensive since they cannot scale
         | 
         | This approach does scale, but has new safety risks.
         | 
         | They aren't genetically modifying each patient's own cells, one
         | patient at a time, but are trying to create a line of generic
         | T-cells that will attack only the B-cells of any patient.
         | 
         | The risk is that genetically modified T-cells that are not
         | derived from your own cells might attack all the cells of your
         | body, and not just your misbehaving B-cells.
         | 
         | They have made additional modifications to the CAR-T T-cells
         | that they believe will prevent them from going rogue, but more
         | safely testing is needed.
         | 
         | From what I've read, this same more generic approach is being
         | attempted with CAR-T cancer treatment as well.
        
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