[HN Gopher] Personal Names Around the World (2011)
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       Personal Names Around the World (2011)
        
       Author : paulmooreparks
       Score  : 72 points
       Date   : 2024-10-02 11:19 UTC (2 days ago)
        
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       | dang wrote:
       | Related:
       | 
       |  _Personal names around the world_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9449096 - April 2015 (5
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _Personal names around the world_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=8003686 - July 2014 (114
       | comments)
        
       | kmoser wrote:
       | Also: https://www.kalzumeus.com/2010/06/17/falsehoods-
       | programmers-...
        
       | irrational wrote:
       | I have a coworker who comes from a culture where they only have
       | one name. The solution the Fortune 500 company we work for came
       | up with was to put her one name into both the first and last name
       | fields. She seems to be okay with that solution.
        
         | bigbacaloa wrote:
         | But it's a bad nonsolution. The problem persists. It can be
         | fixed by decent form design.
        
           | gsich wrote:
           | Or by chosing a name.
        
         | mrweasel wrote:
         | A company I worked for used three letters for username, so
         | first character of your first, middle and last-name. I don't
         | have a middle name, it's not unheard of, but it's also not as
         | common as it used to be. Another colleague had no options, all
         | relevant combinations you could make from his name was already
         | in use, so they slapped a P in front, because he as a project
         | manager.
         | 
         | For years I was trying to move a company from multiple fields
         | for addresses to just one big text box. We didn't really do
         | anything with the information, so we didn't need to know your
         | postal code as such. We just need to be able to print a
         | customers address on a label. The amount of systems that for
         | some reason wanted to know every separate part of the address
         | was just crazy, and again never really used for anything. One
         | system would map the address fields into another, from there
         | again mapped into a third system and then mapped into the label
         | print system. Why not just have a text box, and parse that
         | through? I never got that implemented.
        
         | netsharc wrote:
         | A friend's foreign passport has "Full name" with his 2 word
         | name. German bureaucracy requires first name, last name, but
         | from that field it isn't clear which is which. So his first
         | name according to bureaucracy was "-", and his complete name is
         | in the "last name" field.
         | 
         | The separation is odd anyway, what is the reasoning for wanting
         | to sort by last/family name? I guess it makes it easy to
         | identify clusters (e.g. of families) in a list, but nowadays
         | the spouse keeping their last name wouldn't be grouped in the
         | cluster. And to follow the site's example, if there's the 2
         | sisters Mao Anna and Mao Zsazsa, they won't be near each other
         | in a list sorted by last name if they put in "Mao" as first
         | name.
        
           | watwut wrote:
           | I think the reason for sorting by last name is that there are
           | many more common last names then common first names. There is
           | huge number of Toms, Marias etc.
           | 
           | You will find target person faster if searching manually and
           | they are sorted by the last name.
        
             | bux93 wrote:
             | We used to use phone books. How quickly knowledge
             | vanishes..
        
           | jerf wrote:
           | "The separation is odd anyway, what is the reasoning for
           | wanting to sort by last/family name?"
           | 
           | Cultural assumptions that date from before the world being as
           | small as it is, more than anything else.
           | 
           | HN is in English, and there's a bias towards stories of
           | people from non-English areas integrating into English-
           | speaking locales (which does not have to be "the US", much
           | broader than that) because that's what gets noticed and told
           | around here. But it flows in all directions and all cultures.
           | I've read plenty of tales of woe of non-Japanese trying to
           | live in Japan and integrate with their legal system and
           | having various woes in the process based around their names
           | not fitting into the legal system. And just like the West
           | slowly gets better about accommodating Eastern names, it
           | slowly gets better the other way around too.
           | 
           | It's a generalized culture-mismatch problem. I'll cop to
           | being sort of the opinion that the "Xty-Billion Things
           | Programmers Don't Know About {Names/Time/Addresses}" can end
           | up being overly harsh as they are generally written, but at
           | their core, they do have a point, and while we may read it in
           | English and the examples the articles write about are about
           | our more Western sensibilities impacting a broader world,
           | every culture has that problem and could have their own
           | equivalent documents written in their own language with their
           | own examples (e.g. "not everyone in the world lists their
           | family name first").
        
       | tdeck wrote:
       | This is a wonderful article! I've noticed that India in
       | particular seems to have a lot of different naming traditions in
       | one country. Do folks from India have trouble keeping this
       | straight?
        
         | diveintothe9 wrote:
         | I'm from South India, and in general, people's names fall into
         | sets of common given names and common family names, but it can
         | get tricky. Things vary state-to-state, and even within states,
         | across castes and subcultures. However, this also makes it
         | somewhat easier to gauge where someone is from. Over time, you
         | recognize some name patterns and you can guess that they're
         | from a specific place, speak a specific language, etc.
         | 
         | For a very generic example, if I encounter someone with the
         | surname "Singh", I'm reasonably sure they're from the northern
         | states, and likely speak Hindi apart from their native tongue.
         | Also in terms of identifying someone's given name, they're
         | usually from a broadly known pool. As an analogue to western
         | names, if someone says their name is James or Marie, you're
         | mostly guessing that's their given name, even though it's
         | possible to have those as last names as well (eg. LeBron).
        
           | HelloNurse wrote:
           | Regarding "Singh", generic Sikh surnames aren't discussed in
           | the article but they are particularly useless and
           | challenging.
        
         | delta_p_delta_x wrote:
         | Until the early 1900s or so there was never a unified polity
         | ruling over the entirety of the Indian subcontinent, and modern
         | India was assembled from a set of disjointed kingdoms and
         | 'princely states', each with their own languages and cultures.
         | 
         | The people in the southern five states of India speak an
         | entirely unrelated language family--Dravidian, rather than
         | Indo-European.
         | 
         | In many senses India is more like the EU than first meets the
         | eye, which is why it is so hard to govern.
        
       | Jun8 wrote:
       | Other random information about names that I find interesting:
       | 
       | * The US habit of addressing all people, eg even the CEO, by
       | first name in business setting would be unthinkable in most other
       | cultures. This is one aspect that many foreigners stumble at
       | (email heading using "Dear Sir" is typical).
       | 
       | * Some languages/cultures heavily use shortened names (eg Mike,
       | Herb, Liz), even in formal settings. Again this would be a huge
       | faux pas in other cultures. Even if people have and use such
       | names, it would be unthinkable to address them if you are not
       | close friends (eg Memo is an informal shortened form of the
       | Turkish Mehmet)
       | 
       | * Commonly, names are chosen from a culture specific fixed set,
       | which evolves on the order of a decade or so (not exactly true,
       | eg the name Apple and many others) but a good approximation. In
       | other countries names are generally made up from words, with
       | desirable meanings, AFAIK names in Chinese are of this kind. Of
       | course all names started this way, eg Peter=stone but I'd guess
       | most people don't know the meaning of their names in this sense,
       | ie what does Elisabeth mean?
       | 
       | * Related to the above, one thing I was surprised to learn about
       | Chinese names is that it is hard/impossible? to know the gender
       | of the person from just the name. Sure, English has un-gendered
       | names, too, but they are really small minority.
       | 
       | Totally unrelated, but how proper names work (ie, how they refer)
       | is a big area of discussion in Phil of Language. Check out this
       | entry if you want to go down that rabbit hole:
       | https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/names/#:~:text=Proper%20n...
        
         | elric wrote:
         | I have a Chinese friend whose name is Hei  ("hei", black).
         | Whenever they give their name to other Chinese folks, they are
         | met with disbelief and often suspected of using a fake name.
        
           | HelloNurse wrote:
           | Could it be a homophone of some other more name-worthy word?
           | It seems to be a common occurrence in Japanese.
        
         | krick wrote:
         | About the first point, is this really universal in USA?
         | 
         | I mean, consider you see Bill Gates (i.e. somebody well
         | respected and quite older than you) in the airport, and you
         | want to address him for some reason. Do you yell "Hey, Bill!",
         | or would it rather be "Mr. Gates"? Is the former actually fully
         | appropriate?
        
           | Jun8 wrote:
           | In a meeting or email within Microsoft it would be weird to
           | refer to him as Mr Gates.
        
             | rootbear wrote:
             | At Pixar, Steve Jobs was always just Steve, never Mr. Jobs.
             | That was also true of his other companies I believe. After
             | I left Pixar, I was accused of named dropping when I kept
             | referring to him as Steve and I had to change to calling
             | him Mr. Jobs or just Jobs.
        
       | efitz wrote:
       | Almost all problems with name handling come from two assumptions:
       | 
       | 1. Names are identifiers.
       | 
       | 2. Names can be used to correlate the same person between two
       | systems.
       | 
       | These assumptions are not universally correct, and so programmers
       | and designers and product managers try to restrict names in order
       | to minimize edge cases and maximize the cases in which their
       | assumptions hold.
       | 
       | And these same folks make the same mistakes about names of things
       | as they do about names of people. If a human provides the name,
       | then you are taking on a huge pile of problems using the name as
       | an identifier. Take DNS domain names or AWS S3 bucket names or
       | NetBIOS names in Windows networks or (pick your favorite flat
       | namespace ).
       | 
       | The solution?
       | 
       | Always use system-assigned (preferably random) identifiers for
       | things that need identification. Think UUIDs. Make the name a
       | descriptive text property of the person/thing that they can
       | change at any time. Consider not having names for humans, but
       | rather just asking the user for the strings that you would like
       | to use in certain places, eg:
       | 
       | "When we validate your provided credit card, what is the name
       | that the bank expects?"
       | 
       | "What should we put in the 'name' spot on packages or letters
       | that we send to you?"
       | 
       | "To make this app more friendly, we would like to address you by
       | name. If that is ok, type the name that you would like us to use
       | in this situation:"
       | 
       | [ Foo ]
       | 
       | Here's what it will look like:
       | 
       | Hello, Foo
       | 
       | (No thanks) (OK)
       | 
       | Etc etc.
        
         | elric wrote:
         | Couldn't agree more. In fact, I've ranted about this before
         | [1]. Names can change, names can be as short as zero or one
         | characters, or ridiculously long. Applying ones own cultural
         | assumptions to what makes a valid name is not a good idea.
         | 
         | [1] https://blog.melnib.one/2021/06/23/on-names/
        
           | aardshark wrote:
           | As short as zero characters? Not the full name, surely.
        
             | buildsjets wrote:
             | What if one's name is represented by a non-printable
             | character or logo? Perhaps your form provides a way to
             | upload a glyph, or you need to enable name submittal via
             | floppy disk.
             | 
             | https://web.archive.org/web/20181113135727/http://nymag.com
             | /...
        
         | NeoTar wrote:
         | I mostly agree, just one needs to be careful, especially when
         | dealing with people whose first language may not be English,
         | when asking these more complicated questions since they may be
         | misunderstood. I like the final example a lot.
        
       | skzv wrote:
       | I exploited one of these regional naming conventions so that I
       | only have a first name on Facebook.
        
       | sundarurfriend wrote:
       | > Similarly, don't require that people supply a family name. In
       | cultures such as parts of Southern India, Malaysia and Indonesia,
       | a large number of people have names that consist of a given name
       | only, with no patronym.
       | 
       | Yes, please! For eg., in my part of south India, people's last
       | names used to be the name of their caste. When caste
       | discrimination became somewhat uncool, most people stopped using
       | those caste-based last names and being mononymous (having just
       | the "given name") became the norm.
       | 
       | Now, because most US-based services make entering a last name a
       | necessity, there's a resurgence of caste identity in names here.
       | A lot of others use their father's name or the name of their home
       | city, and end up being addressed as "Mr. <City name>" or "Ms.
       | <Father's name>" in communication.
       | 
       | In general, a lot of people here find the whole firstname-
       | lastname business just confusing.
        
         | paulmooreparks wrote:
         | > A lot of others use their father's name or the name of their
         | home city, and end up being addressed as "Mr. <City name>" or
         | "Ms. <Father's name>" in communication.
         | 
         | This pisses my Singaporean-Tamil wife off more than anything
         | I've ever seen. Emails beginning "Dear Ms. (or worse, Mrs.)
         | Father's-given-name" have been the end of a few business
         | relationships with service companies.
        
           | pif wrote:
           | As a service company in the Western world, does it make
           | financial sense to even start wondering what changes could
           | retain a couple customers more? I suppose it doesn't!
        
             | paulmooreparks wrote:
             | When it's a Western company, she swears a bit and rolls her
             | eyes and moves on. What really pisses her off is when it's
             | a local company that ought to know better.
        
         | samarthr1 wrote:
         | Or, to put it a bit more bluntly, when the supporters of EV
         | Ramaswamy Naicker started becoming violent with people who had
         | surnames that were traditionally used by the brahmins, people
         | out of fear started to not use their family names.
         | 
         | Even years after his death, his philosophy of "If you see a
         | cobra and a brahmin, kill the brahmin" still has a large
         | foothold in Tamil Nadu.
        
       | koliber wrote:
       | There are many subtle pitfalls with names that are not obvious.
       | It's best to ask a person from a given country and culture and
       | have them explain them.
       | 
       | There was a time when I was leading an engineering department for
       | an American startup. The company had emails in the form of
       | firstname@company.com. We had a guy named Piotr (Polish version
       | of Peter) working for us. A new person joined the team and HR
       | decided to give him the name Piotrek. The problem is that Piotr
       | and Piotrek are two forms of the same name and are practically
       | interchangeable. Since a big part of the engineering team was
       | polish it was hard to remember who had which address. I asked HR
       | to add last names but they would not have it. One had Piotr in
       | his resume, the other Piotrek, hence different names, hence it
       | stays.
       | 
       | They demonstrated cultural insensitivity at its finest. The real
       | problem though is that they did not listen to feedback from
       | someone in that culture and applied their understanding of what
       | is normal and proper.
       | 
       | If you are managing an international team do take time to ask
       | people about their names. How to pronounce them. If there is a
       | nickname they like to use when working with American teams. If
       | the accent marks matter or not. Names are very personal and
       | applying norms from one culture to another can cause friction.
        
         | tokai wrote:
         | I don't get this. So many names in so many languages are the
         | 'same' name while being spelled and pronounced slightly
         | different. To me your HR did it right. How should they ever
         | catch every similar name and flatten them together? Did the
         | piotr(ek)s have a problem with it? Cause your story makes it
         | seems like it was other people just being annoyed at having to
         | remember which person had with mail.
         | 
         | Personally I would be angry if HR just assumed that they could
         | rename me to a close variant of my name.
        
           | koliber wrote:
           | They should not try to catch them and "flatten" them. That
           | would be unreasonable.
           | 
           | They should have listened when a Polish person told them the
           | names are the same and should be treated as such.
           | 
           | It's perfectly OK to "flatten" Piotrek to Piotr in Polish.
           | It's not like that in other languages, and I get it. But
           | here's its fine.
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | > How should they ever catch every similar name and flatten
           | them together?
           | 
           | They don't have to solve the problem of every similar name.
           | 
           | They just have to be humane to the people that are actually
           | there.
        
         | dmurray wrote:
         | This doesn't sound culturally insensitive. Sounds like they
         | would have done the same with two Americans who preferred to be
         | called Mike and Michael - to the extent that they put those
         | names on their resumes.
         | 
         | It does seem a little inflexible and not forward-thinking,
         | though. If you insist on everyone being firstname@company.com
         | you are going to have a clash within your first 30 hires.
        
           | koliber wrote:
           | Yeah. The inflexibility is the problem. We told them and they
           | ignored it.
        
           | watwut wrote:
           | Piotrek is diminutive of Piotr - it was grammatically correct
           | to call both guys both names in Polish.
           | 
           | That being said, HR giving people the name they put on CV is
           | correct. It was not culturally insensitive at all. The naming
           | policy that cant handle two Toms or three Janes in the same
           | team is shortsighted at best.
        
       | NeoTar wrote:
       | One very ,into point which I would add - if initials are
       | important to your use-case, allow people to specify them. A
       | previous company used initials as identification in our bug tool,
       | and I always resented being (something like) AC1 when my full
       | initials (ABC) were available.
        
       | djoldman wrote:
       | Does anyone have an example situation where one MUST separate a
       | user's full name?
       | 
       | Or in other words, is there ever a situation where storing a
       | user's full name is insufficient to accomplish a business
       | critical task?
        
         | krick wrote:
         | There is countless number of such situations. For example,
         | airline tickets. You cannot just enter "Jack Daniels" into the
         | GDS, both first name and last name are obligatory, and they are
         | separated by slash. That's just the format these systems use
         | for the last 50 years, you cannot do anything about it, you can
         | only pass the problem onto the end user. Then, as you are
         | surely aware, he will have to prove that's really him in the
         | airport, using a document of some sort.
        
       | petesergeant wrote:
       | I used to think it was weird that the French wrote Firstname
       | LASTNAME, but at the Olympics it was very useful for picking out
       | personal/family from countries with non-English name order
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | Is there any website where I can type a person's name and
       | nationality and the website will turn it into speech so I know
       | how to pronounce it?
        
         | agent327 wrote:
         | I don't know how well it works across all languages, but Google
         | Translate has a text to speech option that seems to do a good
         | job for my language. So you don't ask it to translate, just
         | enter the name and the language and click the 'speech' button.
        
         | Thiez wrote:
         | No, because sometimes there are multiple correct ways to
         | pronounce it in the same language / culture.
        
       | throwaway290 wrote:
       | I wish they didn't pick the equivalent of Stalin/Hitler as their
       | example of Chinese name.
        
       | krick wrote:
       | In case if here is somebody Chinese, I wanted to ask: is it even
       | possible to distinguish given name from family name by glance?
       | Like, in the example of "Fred Yao Ming" or "Fred Ming Yao".
       | 
       | I mean, if you know Russian, you are pretty much always sure
       | which one is the name, and which one is surname. In theory, it
       | can be whatever, but it almost never really happens.
       | 
       | There is a bit more ambiguity in English (Scott Alexander or even
       | having Jackson as the given name), but still I'd say in the
       | majority of cases you know names from surnames.
       | 
       | Is there some common knowledge in Chinese that Ming is a common
       | family name and Yao is a common given name, and the reverse would
       | be unusual? Or can it be anything, and there's no way to know?
       | 
       | I am wondering this about all asian languages, where names tend
       | to be so short, so it also applies to Korean, Vietnamese, etc.
        
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