[HN Gopher] Minix 3 (2014)
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       Minix 3 (2014)
        
       Author : droideqa
       Score  : 86 points
       Date   : 2024-09-27 15:29 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.minix3.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.minix3.org)
        
       | teddyh wrote:
       | Now mostly used in the Intel Management Engine.
        
         | mrweasel wrote:
         | Does anyone know why Intel would pick Minix? I can understand
         | not picking Linux, from a licencing perspective, but surely
         | some BSD would have been easier to hire for and more likely to
         | have a modern upstream.
        
           | teddyh wrote:
           | Intel may have needed some of Minix' unique (for the time)
           | features, like its microkernel architecture and seamless live
           | updates of system components.
        
           | Rochus wrote:
           | Actually I would be interested to see an official
           | confirmation by Intel that they indeed still use Minix, and
           | which version of it. So far all such claims I'm aware of came
           | from third parties.
        
       | henning wrote:
       | Dead project?
        
         | marcodiego wrote:
         | Yes.
        
         | boricj wrote:
         | Deader than disco. I seem to reiterate the technical reasons
         | every couple of months or so [1], therefore this time I'll talk
         | more about the management of the project, although I was not a
         | member of the core team so it's mostly observation from the
         | outside in.
         | 
         | Historically, the operating system was largely used as a
         | research platform for writing papers and theses [2].
         | Unfortunately, research code isn't production-grade code, so
         | despite a lot of effort done to mainline some of it, not all of
         | it was merged. Also, while there was a steady supply of new
         | students to work on MINIX3, there was also a steady turnover
         | because students who finish their studies generally move on to
         | new things.
         | 
         | With the looming retirement of Andrew Tanenbaum in 2014, the
         | project pivoted focus to embedded systems, due to the technical
         | strengths and weaknesses of the system at that time. The ARM
         | port was done around that time as part of it to leverage small
         | board computers. Eventually, the funding dried up and the
         | project slowed to a standstill, largely I believe due to an
         | unsustainable maintenance burden caused by accumulated tech
         | debt over decades that the remaining development manpower (all
         | contributors working on their free time, including myself)
         | couldn't address.
         | 
         | MINIX3 still has some unique cool stuff to this day like
         | seamless live updates of system components, but for me it's too
         | shackled by its past to have a future. It'd be a lot of work to
         | bring it up to modern standards and personally by the time I'd
         | be done with that I think ought to be done, it wouldn't look
         | like MINIX anymore.
         | 
         | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40762110
         | 
         | [2] https://wiki.minix3.org/doku.php?id=publications
        
           | chipdart wrote:
           | > Deader than disco.
           | 
           | The real question is whether the project is deader than HURD.
        
             | ChocolateGod wrote:
             | easy win, HURD was never alive in the first place to be
             | dead
        
             | boricj wrote:
             | Given that HURD has a steady trickle of commits and an
             | ongoing quarterly status update on their website, it's more
             | alive than MINIX3 currently is.
        
               | my123 wrote:
               | Harder to say in practice than that, because Minix 3 has
               | production deployments on the Intel (CS)ME, across
               | hundreds of millions of machines, something that the Hurd
               | never had
        
               | boricj wrote:
               | Tanenbaum published an open letter about this [1]. The
               | gist of it is that Intel took MINIX3 to create the Intel
               | Management Engine, but never contributed anything back.
               | This was permitted by the BSD license, but all these
               | deployments didn't actually help MINIX3 itself grow as a
               | project.
               | 
               | [1] https://web.archive.org/web/20240920163544/https://ww
               | w.cs.vu...
        
               | Rochus wrote:
               | > because Minix 3 has production deployments on the Intel
               | (CS)ME
               | 
               | Is there actually an official Intel document which
               | confirms this? So far I only saw claims by third parties.
               | Do we know which version of Minix was used, and which
               | parts of it?
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | I'm sure the emergence of other open-source operating systems
           | (Linux and BSD) also contributed to the drop in interest?
           | 
           | If you were teaching an OS class in the late 1980s/early
           | 1990s and wanted to have students work on and compile the
           | source code of a UNIX-like system, using desktop PCs of the
           | era, Minix was pretty much it wasn't it?
        
             | boricj wrote:
             | > I'm sure the emergence of other open-source operating
             | systems (Linux and BSD) also contributed to the drop in
             | interest?
             | 
             | At that time, MINIX had a proprietary license (it wasn't
             | open-source until 2000) and its stated purpose was being a
             | teaching tool for education, not being a production
             | operating system. I can't find the quote itself, but I
             | recall Tanenbaum once said something along the lines of
             | "Turns out I do want to turn MINIX3 into a product, it just
             | took me thirty years to realize it!" (please don't quote me
             | on that unless I manage to dig up the actual quote).
             | 
             | > If you were teaching an OS class in the late 1980s/early
             | 1990s and wanted to have students work on and compile the
             | source code of a UNIX-like system, using desktop PCs of the
             | era, Minix was pretty much it wasn't it?
             | 
             | Nowadays, xv6 fills that niche. Recent versions of MINIX3
             | arguably outgrew that with the switch over to the NetBSD
             | userland.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | > At that time, MINIX had a proprietary license
               | 
               | Thanks, I didn't remember that but now that you say it
               | that sounds right. Still, I think it was one of the few
               | ways students at the time could inspect the code of a
               | complete OS, modify it, recompile it, and run their
               | changes, all on the PC that many of them had at home or
               | in classrooms.
        
             | GianFabien wrote:
             | Minix was the foundations upon which Linus built his early
             | versions of Linux.
        
           | GianFabien wrote:
           | For me Minix became bloated when they transitioned to
           | supporting BSD userland and X11.
           | 
           | The considerable bloat detracted from the principle of using
           | Minix to teach OS principles.
        
       | linsomniac wrote:
       | "News" page last update: March 2016. Maybe need a "(2014)" on the
       | title, looks like that was when 3.3.0 was released.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Ok, added. Thanks!
        
       | lacoolj wrote:
       | not sure what makes this "news" but it did give me some nostalgia
       | in the "Getting Started" page:
       | 
       | > Now you are ready to start the installation procedure. When
       | installing to the bare computer, put the CD-ROM in the drive,
       | close the door and shut the computer down.
        
       | jmorenoamor wrote:
       | I remember having to implement partial file locking in Minix as
       | an assignment in college. Good times,
        
         | jschulenklopper wrote:
         | Same here. I adapted the file system to honor user quota, and
         | changed the kernel to support priority process scheduling. We
         | also needed to implemented a change in the memory management
         | part... that ironically I cannot remember anymore.
        
       | dang wrote:
       | Related. Others?
       | 
       |  _Minix development has been abandoned?_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36064961 - May 2023 (109
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _Ask HN: Is Minix dead? No commits since 2018_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26451540 - March 2021 (142
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _Minix 3.3.0_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=8324578 -
       | Sept 2014 (172 comments)
       | 
       |  _Minix 3.2.1 Released_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=5272980 - Feb 2013 (24
       | comments)
        
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