[HN Gopher] Audio Masking
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       Audio Masking
        
       Author : goles
       Score  : 93 points
       Date   : 2024-09-25 14:27 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.cryptomuseum.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.cryptomuseum.com)
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | In practice most audio channels are low-pass filtered and
       | bandwidth limited, so I'm guessing that these modulation
       | techniques are not going to work. Also, we have digital methods
       | now.
        
         | KK7NIL wrote:
         | These are techniques for modulating audio onto a radio signal,
         | I think the article didn't make that very clear.
        
       | PaulHoule wrote:
       | I'll point out that a common method of detecting bugs at the time
       | was to set up a radio receiver with a speaker and then sweep the
       | frequency, if you managed to hit you would get a feedback sound
       | between the speaker and bug. These oddball modulation schemes
       | would prevent that from working.
       | 
       | I like it a lot that many of techniques have a hybrid
       | analog/digital structure that would involve sample-and-hold,
       | sweeps and comparators like the Triple Pulse scheme.
       | 
       | Today I can't believe you wouldn't use some digital solution but
       | at that point in time you'd be lucky to be able to use a small
       | IC.
        
         | bgnn wrote:
         | Audio ADCs are incredibly small and the digital functionality
         | needed isn't much for this. One can fit everything in a sub mm2
         | IC I think. Minus the antenna.
        
       | fortran77 wrote:
       | Today with spread spectrum, it's probably much easier to hide a
       | covert radio signal.
        
         | dbcurtis wrote:
         | Yes and no. SS still has an energy signature, which you can
         | recognize if you go looking for SS. And the transmitting
         | antenna can be RDF'ed.
        
           | r2_pilot wrote:
           | Plus if the electronics aren't shielded you can use a non-
           | linear junction detector even if it's turned off.
        
             | knodi123 wrote:
             | Ah, unless your spy is clever....
             | 
             | > As a countermeasure against an NLJD, professional covert
             | listening devices (bugs) of the Central Intelligence Agency
             | were equipped from 1968 onwards with a so-called isolator.
             | An isolator is a 3-port circulator of which the return port
             | is terminated with a resistor. Any energy injected into the
             | bug by an NLJD will be absorbed by the resistor, resulting
             | in no (or very little) reflected energy. An example of such
             | a bug is the CIA's SRT-107.
             | 
             | (or my favorite:)
             | 
             | > A means to hinder isolating a non linear junction is to
             | add inexpensive diodes to places where the NLJD is expected
             | to sweep. This masks the true listening device against a
             | field of false alerts when the many diodes are detected.
             | Such a technique was used in the 1980s construction of the
             | U.S. embassy in Moscow. Thousands of diodes were mixed by
             | the Soviets into the building's structural concrete, making
             | detection and removal of the true listening devices by its
             | American occupants nearly impossible.
        
           | Jugurtha wrote:
           | Are there any bugs that masquerade as normal devices such as
           | phones in a time-frequency sense, such that they blend in the
           | environment as phones. Polymorphic bugs? Bugs that change
           | their signature.
           | 
           | One more question: are there any bugs that shut down if there
           | is no chatter in the spectrum... Say, if it's a noisy
           | environment (frequency wise) with many phones and devices,
           | the bug blends in and transmits. If it gets quiet, such as
           | when phones are being turned off or distant, then there's
           | something fishy and the bug suspends its operation?
        
             | knodi123 wrote:
             | > are there any bugs
             | 
             | They aren't usually off-the-shelf. They're custom, and can
             | be as smart as the builder wants to make them. (working
             | within constraints like size and power supply)
        
       | motohagiography wrote:
       | it would be interesting to see what the waterfall charts of these
       | looked like, and I can't tell if there is enough info in the
       | article to produce a gnuradio flowgraph for any of them. it could
       | be a fun retro spy tech project.
        
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