[HN Gopher] No more blurry fonts in Linux (2023)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       No more blurry fonts in Linux (2023)
        
       Author : Flex247A
       Score  : 133 points
       Date   : 2024-09-25 04:05 UTC (18 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (blog.aktsbot.in)
 (TXT) w3m dump (blog.aktsbot.in)
        
       | mjevans wrote:
       | On the one hand... OK great for consumption.
       | 
       | On the other... Wouldn't this lead to terrible choices in font
       | selection for anyone NOT using these settings?
        
         | bongobingo1 wrote:
         | The "on" image looks closer to how _I_ see fonts on macOS, so
         | probably optimising that way has a bigger win. I don 't use the
         | system often though.
        
       | hyperhello wrote:
       | Why can't I see the difference? Does this only work for older,
       | standard resolution screens?
        
         | __mharrison__ wrote:
         | I could only see the difference when I viewed the images at
         | 250x.
        
         | Cort3z wrote:
         | Click the picture to get a full resolution version. On my phone
         | it's quite obvious. But to my eyes it just looks like someone
         | made it bolder, not less blurry.
        
           | KronisLV wrote:
           | Off: https://blog.aktsbot.in/img/stem-darkening-off.png
           | 
           | On: https://blog.aktsbot.in/img/stem-darkening-on.png
           | 
           | Personally, I never had issues with fonts on any OS that much
           | _except_ when I connected my M1 MacBook to a 1080p monitor,
           | then it felt like the fonts had no anti-aliasing at all.
        
             | pjerem wrote:
             | MacOS have always had the best font rendering on HiDPI
             | screens and also the worst on Low-DPI.
             | 
             | Windows is historically very good on Low-DPI but they also
             | managed to be great on HiDPI.
             | 
             | Linux, well, it depends on so much things ... you can
             | achieve good on both but you'd better be ok with integer
             | scaling and not have multiple displays with different DPI.
        
               | cehrlich wrote:
               | Macs used to have good font rendering on Low-DPI displays
               | (I would say the best, but I suppose that's a matter of
               | opinion)
               | 
               | Then Mojave switched to Metal and removed subpixel AA,
               | and now it's the worst.
               | 
               | Thread from when it happened:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=17476873
        
               | kelnos wrote:
               | It's funny to read that thread (from 6 years ago, wow
               | time flies) and see complaints that a lot of people have
               | low-dpi external displays. But I think some of the
               | rebuttal comments in that article rang true even then,
               | and certainly do now: if you are spending money on an
               | Apple laptop or workstation, Apple is going to expect you
               | to spend money on hi-dpi external monitors.
        
               | nasretdinov wrote:
               | Yeah, the issue is that 6 years ago your only option for
               | a highdpi monitor with the correct scale (e.g. for 27''
               | it needs to be 5k, not 4k) would be the iMac or the XDR
               | display that costs over $5k...
               | 
               | Now that Apple sells their own (very decent) monitor at
               | somewhat more affordable price it makes sense to use it
               | as an external display, I agree.
        
               | necovek wrote:
               | I'll reiterate a comment I made elsewhere in this thread.
               | With my vision corrected, 4k at 24" (~190ppi) needs
               | subpixel rendering for crisp fonts. I would expect 5k at
               | 27" or 6k at 32" (both around ~215ppi) would be the same,
               | so my only option for comfortable external use with a Mac
               | is really 8k at 32". I know that I am an outlier as I get
               | my vision corrected with glasses/contacts to better than
               | 20/20 (outside that 5%-95% group I guess), but I was
               | perfectly well served by subpixel rendering (and continue
               | to be).
               | 
               | Luckily, Mac is only for work, and it is passable with
               | 32" at 4k, but I can use Linux everywhere else for much
               | nicer fonts. Unluckily, work is 8+h :)
        
               | orangeboats wrote:
               | You can have displays with different DPI on Linux _and_
               | achieve good font rendering. But it requires the latest
               | versions of your favourite DE (like GNOME 45+ and KDE
               | 6.x) and you 'd need to give up X11 (which does not
               | support mixed DPI very well).
        
               | michaelmrose wrote:
               | X11 handles mixed DPI fine. Monitor configuration GUI for
               | DE don't support the required option however both X and
               | nvidia-settings do
        
               | lostmsu wrote:
               | Does it have anything to do with DPI? I thought basically
               | the state is Windows rules, MacOS and Linux suck on non-
               | integer scaling ratios. For integer nobody has problems
               | AFAIK.
        
               | michaelmrose wrote:
               | X has supported scaling forever. Integer scale up
               | everything scale down the lower DPI monitor or monitors.
               | 
               | xrandr --scale, xorg.conf, or nvidia-settings GUI and
               | save to xorg config
        
             | setopt wrote:
             | That's because MacOS got rid of subpixel antialiasing
             | sometime after launching Retina screens, which makes non-
             | hiDPI screens have quite awful font rendering.
             | 
             | I sometimes switch to a bitmap font like Fixedsys Excelsior
             | or GNU Unifont when using MacOS with a low-resolution
             | monitor to compensate (with antialiasing off so the bitmap
             | font looks crisp).
             | 
             | Also, JetBrains Mono somehow looks good on lowres screens
             | even though it's not a bitmap font, it seems to not blur as
             | much as other fonts when it gets antialiased.
        
               | WesolyKubeczek wrote:
               | The "sometime" happened in macOS Big Sur. Prior to that
               | in Mojave and Catalina, you could enable it back by
               | twiddling a hidden preference with the word "legacy" in
               | it. It somehow was worse than what you got in High Sierra
               | and prior anyway.
        
               | jillesvangurp wrote:
               | They don't sell anything without hiDPI for quite some
               | time now (a decade?). Making their software look good on
               | obsolete screens is understandably not a priority for
               | them. And if you are happy to plug in something that old,
               | you are kind of signaling that you don't really care
               | about what things look like anyway. So, why bother to
               | make that look good?
        
               | gond wrote:
               | > you don't really care about what things look like
               | anyway.
               | 
               | That statement has no connection to the premise.
               | 
               | There are multiple reasons to use an old screen besides
               | the mentioned reason of not caring for x.
        
               | setopt wrote:
               | There are plenty of non-hiDPI screens from other vendors
               | on the market, especially "large" screens that are
               | "medium" in price. In an office you're not always free to
               | order a screen from any vendor you want (due to their
               | framework agreements), unless of course you're paying for
               | that hardware privately.
               | 
               | I care about how things look, and have spent more time
               | than I want to admit configuring MacOS apps to look good
               | on the screens available to me. I just don't care enough
               | to buy an expensive office screen with my own cash if my
               | employer can't provide one.
        
               | jillesvangurp wrote:
               | I was talking about Apple. Apple stopped selling non
               | hiDpi screens some time last decade. T
        
               | ffsm8 wrote:
               | So in a nutshell:
               | 
               | Apple specifically wants that you cannot use non-apple
               | displays by artificially worsening the experience for the
               | user while strengthening the illusion that Apple's
               | hardware looks better - even though the only reason it
               | does is because Apple themselves made sure to make other
               | displays look unnecessarily bad.
               | 
               | It's hilarious there are people that actually think this
               | is totally okay and not just plain anti-competitive with
               | just enough plausible deniability to get away with it
        
               | baq wrote:
               | Reality distortion field is strong with this one.
               | 
               | I have a perfectly good normie dpi 25x16 display which is
               | extra crisp on windows. On macOS I had to install
               | betterdisplay just to make it not miserably bad; it's
               | just plain bad now. As far as I can tell Apple removed
               | the feature because of greed and laziness.
        
               | KronisLV wrote:
               | > They don't sell anything without hiDPI for quite some
               | time now (a decade?). Making their software look good on
               | obsolete screens is understandably not a priority for
               | them. And if you are happy to plug in something that old,
               | you are kind of signaling that you don't really care
               | about what things look like anyway.
               | 
               | My apologies for buying 1080p monitors that had no issues
               | with neither my Linux, nor my Windows computers, I guess.
               | I can understand that they might not care about what I
               | care about (supporting the hardware that I have, rather
               | than going out of my way to buy a new monitor just
               | because of a new computer deciding not to work with it
               | well), I'd argue that maybe that's even fine because it's
               | their device and ecosystem, but jeez, that tone is super
               | uncalled for.
               | 
               | As an aside, I use the M1 MacBook at a scaled resolution
               | of 1440x900 because anything finer is hard for me to see.
               | That's a visible PPI of around ~130 because of the 13.3
               | inch screen. A 1080p monitor of 21.5 inch diagonal size
               | would have a physical PPI of around ~100, so that's
               | around 80% of the pixel density. That's not to say that
               | the panel on the MacBook is not much nicer, but rather
               | that with software anti-aliasing it could definitely be
               | _okay_. Somehow I don 't want to buy a new monitor just
               | for the weekends when I visit the countryside.
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | Subpixel antialiasing is going to be problematic anyway
               | on newer displays that don't necessarily feature a plain
               | RGBRGB (or similar) subpixel arrangement. For example,
               | many OLED screens use RGBG/BGRG or even more complex
               | "PenTile" subpixels.
        
               | lostmsu wrote:
               | For this Windows had ClearType tuner since before PenTile
               | existed.
        
               | delta_p_delta_x wrote:
               | > Subpixel antialiasing is going to be problematic anyway
               | on newer displays that don't necessarily feature a plain
               | RGBRGB (or similar) subpixel arrangement.
               | 
               | This will then mean making the subpixel anti-aliasing
               | algorithm aware of different subpixel layouts. And this
               | ought to be done anyway, because most anti-aliasing is
               | usually at least _somewhat_ hardware-aware. In my
               | opinion, regardless of how subpixels are laid out, more
               | resolution is always better.
        
               | necovek wrote:
               | There was a quick option to change subpixel layout way-
               | back-when in Linux (GNOME 2.x series), eg. a quick search
               | gave me a screenshot at this page:
               | https://askubuntu.com/questions/88528/how-to-switch-on-
               | sub-p...
               | 
               | Today it seems it's hidden as a dconf option:
               | $ dconf read /org/gnome/desktop/interface/font-
               | antialiasing       'rgba'
               | 
               | But this is an issue that applies to VA panels as well
               | (cheaper than IPS, worse viewing angles, but better
               | contrast ratio), and I have a 27" 4k VA screen that works
               | just fine with it turned on in Linux -- text is so much
               | clearer with it on than off, and attaching a MacBook to a
               | 4k screen at 27" or 32" IPS makes me hate MacOS for
               | killing subpixel rendering off.
               | 
               | As for "retina" resolutions, I've tried 24" at 4K as soon
               | as it came out (with that Dell monitor that required 2 DP
               | 1.1 connections for 60Hz IIRC), and turning subpixel
               | rendering off made text and lines jagged -- that was ~190
               | ppi at a normal viewing distance with vision corrected to
               | better than 20/20 (which is what I usually have -- can't
               | really work without glasses anyway, and worse correction
               | leaves me with headaches). For the record, 5k at 27" and
               | 6k at 32" is roughly ~216 ppi, so not much better than
               | ~190 ppi: subpixel rendering probably achieves 2x the
               | increase in text clarity for those not sensitive to
               | colour fringing (I am not).
               | 
               | So, subpixel rendering is really not an issue on any
               | displays, but Apple will happily tell you what's the
               | limit of your vision and upsell you on their monitors.
        
               | NoGravitas wrote:
               | Subpixel antialiasing is kind of overrated anyway. On
               | screens that are low enough DPI to benefit from it, it
               | can cause color fringing (especially for people with
               | astigmatism) that is worse than the blur from grayscale
               | antialiasing.
        
               | setopt wrote:
               | On medium-DPI screens, I find that subpixel antialiasing
               | make fonts significantly less blurry than grayscale
               | antialiasing without causing obvious color fringing. On
               | actual low-DPI screens, bitmap fonts are IMO the only
               | really usable option. (YMMV, but I have mild astigmatism
               | and use glasses.)
        
               | necovek wrote:
               | I disagree: I am not susceptible to colour fringing, and
               | I can tell if subpixel rendering is on or off on 24" 4k
               | screens (~190 ppi) at a regular or even further viewing
               | distance (~70cm/27") -- I specifically got that display
               | hoping for subpixel rendering to be turned off.
               | 
               | Haven't tried Apple's big "retina" screens but
               | considering they are ~215 ppi, pretty confident 10%
               | increase in PPI wouldn't make a difference that subpixel
               | rendering does. Laptop screens have higher resolution,
               | but haven't really paid attention to whether M1 Air 13"
               | or 4K 14" X1 Carbon work for me without subpixel
               | rendering (I prefer to be docked).
               | 
               | Before anyone jumps on "you've got incredible vision": I
               | wear either glasses or contacts, and with that my vision
               | corrects to better than 20/20 -- slightly lower
               | correction induces headaches for me. Without glasses, I'd
               | probably be happy with 640x480 on 32" so they are kind of
               | a must. :)
        
             | rubslopes wrote:
             | BetterDisplay HiDPI feature (available on the free version)
             | much improves font rendering on external displays:
             | https://github.com/waydabber/BetterDisplay
             | 
             | This helped me a lot, I was about to ditch my external
             | monitor because of blurriness.
        
           | hedora wrote:
           | Yeah; something seems wrong with their setup.
           | 
           | I've seen Linux render fonts like that, but not recently. I'd
           | probably look into debugging my setup if that's what my
           | desktop looked like.
        
         | konart wrote:
         | Look at the 'e' for example. Night and day difference.
         | 
         | PS: talking about screenshots in the article.
        
       | Flex247A wrote:
       | Can someone comment on the effect lcdfilter has?
       | 
       | Seems like full hinting + RGB antialiasing is the way to go on
       | non 4K displays.
        
       | elwebmaster wrote:
       | Second screenshot looks blurrier to me than the first. Both are
       | bad. It's not a Mac.
        
         | MindSpunk wrote:
         | Mac font rendering on non retina displays is pretty awful. Mac
         | 'cheats' somewhat with hDPI screens + aggressive super sampling
         | as MacOS doesn't do fractional scaling and instead rounds up to
         | the nearest integer multiple. At my current display scaling
         | settings my MBP is using a 5120x2880 buffer for my 4k
         | (3840x2160) as it's set to scale to a logical size of
         | 2560x1440.
         | 
         | Under a fair comparison on a 1080p display with no scaling even
         | Windows demolishes MacOS these days. Apple dropped support for
         | subpixel AA years ago which really hurts on standard DPI
         | rendering.
        
           | funcDropShadow wrote:
           | This idea of scaling graphics up and down instead of
           | rendering at the display native resolution with size
           | measurements in dpi-independent units was so bad. I
           | understood it to be a neat trick, when the first retina
           | displays were relased. But everything afterwards is just
           | awfull.
        
             | nasretdinov wrote:
             | With fractional scaling you can get objects misaligned
             | otherwise, and I personally found it very annoying e.g. in
             | VSCode with 1.25x zoom, where the objects would move
             | slightly when you interact with them, due to imperfect and
             | inconsistent size calculations.
             | 
             | IMO the way Apple does this is quite brute force and
             | unconventional, but at least the picture doesn't drift with
             | different scale.
        
               | funcDropShadow wrote:
               | Fractional scaling is not the alternative.
        
         | Lorkki wrote:
         | Apple have always preferred preserving letter forms over
         | hinting, so Macs are therefore also "blurry" on lower DPI
         | displays. The reason they aren't these days is because the DPI
         | is higher.
         | 
         | Usually when people complain about this, the comparison is to
         | Windows, which prefers strong hinting, i.e. snapping the font
         | shapes to within (sub)pixel boundaries.
         | 
         | There also used to be patent encumbrance issues around subpixel
         | rendering, making Linux font rendering on TFTs overall worse by
         | default, but as of 2019 those have expired. Some distributions
         | had already enabled those features anyway.
        
           | zozbot234 wrote:
           | With any reasonable resolution screen (1080p or more), you
           | can have both good preservation of letter forms and a non-
           | blurry image, simply by applying a sharpening filter after
           | antialiasing. Some image downsampling methods, such as
           | Lanczos filtering, effectively do this for you. The tradeoff
           | is one can detect some very fine 'ringing' artifacts around
           | the sharpened transitions, but these don't impact readability
           | in any way.
        
         | ahoka wrote:
         | Mac font rendering is the worst out there.
         | 
         | For example: https://i.redd.it/f61p6sa34cta1.png
         | 
         | Or: https://forums.macrumors.com/attachments/screen-
         | shot-2022-10...
        
           | omnimus wrote:
           | When i look at the first picture the Mac is blurrier but at
           | same time the Windows doesnt keep the balance of the font.
           | Look at all the horizontal vs verzical strokes in ZLF they
           | are for sure drawn to be same optically thickness but on
           | windows they are very wrong.
           | 
           | I dont think windows is such clear winner here. Seems like
           | different philosophies.
        
             | lostmsu wrote:
             | Just hold the phone at some distance, you will see how bad
             | MacOS'es one is in reality.
        
       | Apreche wrote:
       | It's an improvement, but it's still absolute garbage. Just throw
       | in the towel already. Copy whatever MacOS does and have it be the
       | default.
        
         | adgjlsfhk1 wrote:
         | the macos approach is to only ship weird and nonstandard
         | monitor resolutions to convince people to buy your fancy
         | display that costs 5x as much
        
         | p1necone wrote:
         | Isn't "what MacOS does" just shipping extremely high DPI
         | screens on everything + using regular anti-aliasing on fonts
         | with no hinting or subpixel rendering?
        
           | shiroiushi wrote:
           | That sounds exactly like what I do in Linux.
        
           | konart wrote:
           | I have Fedora Kinoite and Mbpr M1Pro connected to the same 4k
           | Dell monitor. Font rendering is still much better on macos
           | than any settings in Fedora.
        
             | MindSpunk wrote:
             | Probably because MacOS doesn't do fractional scaling. If
             | you're not using a scaling mode that's an integer multiple
             | of your monitor resolution MacOS oversamples the whole
             | display. Kinonite is KDE iirc which can do fractional
             | scaling (quite well too) on KDE 6. So if you're comparing
             | 1.5x scaling on KDE compared to MacOS you're actually
             | comparing a 3840x2160 render to 5120x2880.
        
               | konart wrote:
               | MacOS was doing fractional scaling long before KDE even
               | began to implement it.
               | 
               | UPD: just to be clear - even on macbook's screen macOS
               | uses scaled resolution by default.
        
               | p1necone wrote:
               | MacOS _always_ renders at an integer multiple of their
               | internal  "logical" resolution, and then just shrinks the
               | framebuffer down at the end to whatever the native
               | resolution of the target monitor is.
               | 
               | Fractional scaling is rendering directly to a framebuffer
               | at the target monitors native resolution, and scaling
               | your UI _fractionally_ to look right on the target screen
               | size.
               | 
               | Apples approach is more resource intensive, but probably
               | makes UI layout implementation a lot simpler and more
               | consistent + potentially looks better than rendering at
               | "real" native res for a lot of content.
        
               | silon42 wrote:
               | Why would anyone do fractional scaling... why not just
               | natively render at the proper resolution. (barring old
               | broken apps).
        
               | MindSpunk wrote:
               | Given a 4K monitor you have 3 options: - No scaling,
               | produces tiny text and UI elements - 2x scaling, use a
               | logically 1080p display leading to very large text and UI
               | elements - 1.5x scaling, logically a 1440p display
               | 
               | 4k at 1x produces UI that's too small, 2x scaling is too
               | large for a 27 inch monitor. 1.5x sizes everything like a
               | 1440p display but you still get the higher resolution
               | rendering at 4k.
               | 
               | Fractional scaling _is_ rendering at the 'proper'
               | resolution of the display. It can be challenging to
               | workaround some issues like how to deal with window sizes
               | that scale to a fractional native buffer (i.e. a 501
               | logical pixel wide image becomes 751.5 physical pixels?).
               | Apple decides 'no' to native fractional scaling, so does
               | GNOME unless that's changed recently.
        
               | p1necone wrote:
               | > so does GNOME unless that's changed recently.
               | 
               | Which imo was a bad choice. It works pretty well on MacOS
               | because Apple only ships machines with a fairly
               | constrained, known set of resolution/physical dimension
               | combos. And they sell their own monitors for stuff like
               | the mac mini where that isn't the case. This means they
               | can design all their UI elements to be the "right" size
               | without needing fractional scaling for a very large
               | percentage of their users.
               | 
               | Gnome is running on all sorts of screens, with all sorts
               | of resolution/dimension combos and on a lot of them you
               | have to choose between "way too big" and "way too small".
        
               | kaba0 wrote:
               | I believe GNOME just hides the option for fractional
               | values in their native settings menu, but it can be
               | easily accessed through something like GNOME tweaks and
               | similar.
        
               | konart wrote:
               | Wokring on a 4+k monitor without scaling is difficult (at
               | least if we are talking about text)
        
               | necovek wrote:
               | Gnome has another set of hidden settings to set default
               | system font sizes: for UI elements and "document" font.
               | Some non-GNOME apps used to respect that too (like
               | Firefox and LibreOffice), but others were not-scaled.
               | 
               | Still, if you mostly relied on Gtk+ apps, where Gtk+
               | widgets scale to fit the text they are showing, this
               | produced pretty good results even if some spacing was a
               | bit inconsistent (i.e. spacing was too small compared to
               | widget and text sizes).
               | 
               | Unfortunately, this approach seems to work less and less
               | well as Gnome devs are following Apple's lead.
        
               | necovek wrote:
               | It's exactly for "old broken apps".
               | 
               | What I generally do on my Gnome systems running 4k
               | screens is to use 125% or 150% scaling, and then set
               | larger default fonts for the system. Fractional scaling
               | helps keep old apps legible even if imperfect, but
               | updated apps which respect system font size render great
               | (Gtk+ widgets auto-scale to fit the text).
               | 
               | Unfortunately, this approach ain't gonna work with
               | Wayland as well.
        
               | chupasaurus wrote:
               | KDE got fractional _rendering_ of fonts and UI back in
               | Plasma 4.
        
               | MindSpunk wrote:
               | I think you're right, I might've been confusing it with
               | proper support for mixed DPI desktops (i.e. one display
               | at 1.5, and another at 1x). I think Plasma 5 could do it
               | but I had a lot of problems until Plasma 6.
        
               | chupasaurus wrote:
               | Fractional scaling was introduced in late 5 update and
               | wasn't touched in 6 at all, per-monitor setting is only
               | in Wayland for an obvious reason.
        
               | mmcnl wrote:
               | KDE works the same.
        
           | pjerem wrote:
           | It's probably what macOS does but they manage to do it
           | cleanly whatever the display scaling you choose, including
           | arbitrary values of scaling that are unsupported by the OS
           | (but that you can force with some software).
           | 
           | On Linux, good luck using anything else than integer scaling.
           | And it's a shame because with a 4K screen and fractional
           | scaling, you can get both more definition AND more real
           | estate.
        
         | ahartmetz wrote:
         | Yeah, no. Mac font rendering is blurry, Windows font rendering
         | is pixelated or okay with the right ClearType settings,
         | FreeType with slight hinting and subpixel rendering (lcdfilter)
         | is between these two and really fine IMO.
        
         | abhinavk wrote:
         | macOS uses grayscale anti-aliasing exclusively. But what it
         | makes it work that well is the HiDPI (200+ dpi) displays Apple
         | ships.
         | 
         | Use a 32-inch 4K display and it will have be blurry/thick fonts
         | too.
        
           | doublepg23 wrote:
           | I might be blind but I'm using 2x4K 32" displays on macOS and
           | the fonts still look like paper to me. It was funny because
           | every Apple commentator I had listened to made it seem like
           | my retinas would melt out of sheer disgust if I didn't use a
           | 5K display.
           | 
           | It looks night and day better than my 2x4K 27" I use with my
           | Windows 11 work laptop, even with ClearType (That was a let
           | down. I replaced 2x1080p 21" displays and expected that to
           | fix the woeful fonts on Windows).
        
           | onli wrote:
           | Absolutely. On my external display macos fonts looked
           | horrible, way worse than on Linux.
        
         | phito wrote:
         | Am I the only one who absolutely doesn't care about this? Both
         | are just fine to me.
        
         | ben-schaaf wrote:
         | Font rendering is absolute garbage on macOS since they removed
         | subpixel-antialiasing. Everything is a blurry mess unless you
         | have a high-dpi display (and even then it's pointlessly worse).
        
           | eviks wrote:
           | How is it worse with a high dpi display?
        
             | lostmsu wrote:
             | HiDPI is not magic. If you look closer, you will see
             | artifacts which you won't see on OSes that care.
        
         | globular-toast wrote:
         | Mac looks shit. Always has done. Turns out you can get used to
         | anything. My standard is paper. The only way to get close to
         | that is high DPI screens. Guess what Macs come with now? My
         | Linux PC also has a high DPI display. Only difference is you
         | have the choice to spend less and still get decent looking
         | fonts if you don't use Mac.
        
         | Apreche wrote:
         | In the replies people are talking about current issues
         | regarding scaling and high dpi displays.
         | 
         | That has little to do with it. Apple has had vastly superior
         | font rendering since the day OSX launched, and have been in
         | first place ever since. There's no point in my memory of the
         | past 20+ years this was not the case regardless of display
         | technology.
         | 
         | Even though other systems implement a lot of the same
         | techniques of sup-pixel rendering, fractional scaling, etc. the
         | results speak for themselves. With the same monitors, the same
         | display cables, the same fonts, and the same applications, text
         | rendered by Apple operating systems is more crisp, clean,
         | readable, and pleasing to the eye. Configuring settings on
         | Linux improves the situation, but no configuration gets close
         | to the quality Apple delivers by default. Apple is also
         | superior to Windows in this regard, but the margin is much
         | smaller.
         | 
         | This is coming from a person who maintains a long list of MacOS
         | gripes because of all the things they do wrong. Font rendering
         | is one of the few things they have consistently done better
         | than everyone else.
        
       | anothername12 wrote:
       | If I have a 4K display, do I still need to worry about font
       | rendering settings?
        
         | Flex247A wrote:
         | Quite likely no, as even grayscale antialiasing is going to
         | look amazing in 4K.
         | 
         | macOS has grayscale antialiasing on by default.
        
         | vardump wrote:
         | If it's small like 15", probably not. If it's 32" or more,
         | probably yes.
        
       | konart wrote:
       | What kind of sadist sets `font-size: 10.5pt;`?
       | 
       | Sorry about that rant.
        
         | matejn wrote:
         | I wish I could set my Visual Studio coding font to 10.5pt. Now
         | I have to use 10pt and 105% zoom!
         | 
         | But then again, VS doesn't allow font size in px ...
        
           | konart wrote:
           | 10(.5) looks tiny though. I can place 6 copies of the article
           | on my monitor, lol.
        
       | pjmlp wrote:
       | Kind of, as usual, given the desktop fragmentation.
        
       | makz wrote:
       | I kind of prefer the fonts in the first screenshot
        
         | muppetman wrote:
         | Same I wonder if they're mixed up
        
         | qwertox wrote:
         | I agree. The second one looks like it has `font-weight`
         | increased, making it all somewhat bolder, reducing the distance
         | to the bold font.
        
         | larschdk wrote:
         | Both use subpixel rendering is that it is specific to the
         | display where it is shown. You need the same subpixel ordering
         | and you can't really scale it. Your preference may be correct
         | on your display, while mine is correct here: I strongly prefer
         | the second image.
         | 
         | The first image has less hinting, causing the top of the
         | x-height to be rendered at a half pixel. This makes it seem
         | less intense that the rest of the letters. The second image
         | aligns way better and have a more consistent intensity and
         | sharp edges, but gives an overall slightly more bold
         | appearance, and also compromises a tiny bit on the actual shape
         | of letters.
        
         | otabdeveloper4 wrote:
         | This, I like the blurry fonts. They should fix kerning bugs for
         | certain popular fonts instead.
        
       | greenavocado wrote:
       | Both are garbage if you are on a low DPI display
        
         | dartharva wrote:
         | Font rendering on linux tends to be garbage even if you have a
         | high DPI display
        
           | hollerith wrote:
           | I used to prefer font rendering on Gnome to that of MacOS and
           | Windows, but as of Gnome 46, they changed it so that if you
           | set a fractional scale factor, everything gets blurry (a
           | different kind of blurry than the OP means) just like it does
           | on MacOS, making Windows font rendering the desktop font
           | rendering I like the best as long as I stick to relatively
           | modern apps like browsers, VSCode and the newer apps that
           | comes with Windows like Settings. (Legacy apps on Windows are
           | super super blurry at fractional scale factors.)
           | 
           | I use non-HiDPI 1920-pixel-wide displays at scale factors
           | between 1.25 and 2.0. (Yes, I like big type and big UI
           | elements: my eyesight is bad.)
        
             | omnimus wrote:
             | Sounds like you might have something to do with Wayland?
        
               | mmcnl wrote:
               | No, Linux (Gnome/Wayland) uses a method similar to macOS
               | where everything is rendered at a higher resolution and
               | then scaled down. If you have a very high DPI display it
               | looks nice, but if the DPI is not that high to begin with
               | you will notice that the result is a bit blurry. Only
               | Windows has truly good scaling.
        
               | hollerith wrote:
               | I agree. The blurriness at fractional scaling factors on
               | Mac and in very recent versions of Gnome is _obvious_ on
               | a non-HiDPI display (at least a 24-inch one like the ones
               | I use).
               | 
               | Until a year ago, Gnome/Wayland did it the way Windows
               | does it! I.e. the method the OS used to make the text and
               | the other UI elements the size the user specified
               | refrained from applying any blurriness-causing
               | resolution-scaling algorithm as long as you avoided the
               | XWayland compatibility layer (and the compatibility layer
               | that lets modern Windows support legacy apps makes the
               | legacy app blurry, too).
               | 
               | Chrome's "zoom" feature (activated by the keyboard
               | shortcuts Ctrl+plus and Ctrl+minus for example) does
               | fractional scaling (i.e., allows the user to adjust the
               | size of the text and the other UI elements) without
               | introducing any blurriness. Installing Chrome and
               | experimenting with that feature is probably the easiest
               | way for the average reader to see what we are talking
               | about.
               | 
               | One parenthetical detail is that (unlike on Mac or
               | Windows) in order to get fractional scaling at all on
               | Gnome/Wayland you have had to use a command line to add a
               | particular key to a list named 'experimental-features',
               | but that will change next month when Gnome version 47
               | will be released, at which time the user will be able to
               | change the scaling factor in the Settings app just like
               | one can on Mac or Windows without first having to
               | configure anything or opt in to anything.
               | 
               | I would love to know the reasoning behind the Gnome
               | team's decision here because just because although you or
               | I might not be able to _notice_ the blurriness on a HiDPI
               | display or to say with confidence that the blurriness is
               | there doesn 't mean that the image is as sharp as it
               | could be: the scaling algorithm used on Mac and on Gnome
               | versions 46 and 47 is clearly throwing some "visual
               | information" away regardless of the resolution of the
               | display.
        
           | omnimus wrote:
           | I have both side by side and i think this is more of a myth.
           | They simply render the same on hidipi except very small sizes
           | where the engines differ.
           | 
           | On Linux font selection is terrible, people have problems
           | with Wayland/x11 rendering and other settings (often
           | opinionated defaults from distros). But when you are lucky
           | :)) you can get pretty much same hidpi font rendering.
        
             | NoGravitas wrote:
             | Freetype at least has knobs that are both configurable and
             | understandable. On Windows, you only have Cleartype Tuner,
             | and it can be hard to get what you want.
        
           | mmcnl wrote:
           | At least Windows and Linux try to render something usable.
           | macOS simply removes all font aliasing and expects you to use
           | a high DPI display.
        
       | peter_retief wrote:
       | I cant see the difference?
        
         | peter_retief wrote:
         | I just opened a file in VIM and it does look denser/clearer.
         | Cool.
        
       | zhenyi wrote:
       | Video showing the before/after: https://streamable.com/904w6l
        
         | planb wrote:
         | They are both blurry. One is just a bit bolder. Nothing beats
         | HiDPI displays for crisp font displaying imho.
        
           | necovek wrote:
           | HiDPI displays combined with subpixel renderings for the
           | total win. Unfortunately, that's dead for MacOS today, and
           | for a time, unachievable with Wayland on Linux.
        
       | dang wrote:
       | Related:
       | 
       |  _No more blurry fonts in Linux_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39640329 - March 2024 (2
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _No more blurry fonts in Linux_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38853588 - Jan 2024 (1
       | comment)
        
       | 7e wrote:
       | Linux fonts have never been beautiful, and probably never will
       | be. The talent is just not there. Give me a high DPI Mac any day.
       | Now that is beauty.
        
         | omnimus wrote:
         | I am not sure if you are talking about fonts included with the
         | OS or about rendering. But on high DPI screen all OS render
         | fonts well (and pretty much the same). Its how the OS renders
         | the small type on low DPI screens where lots of guessing from
         | rendering engine has to happen.
         | 
         | About the font choices for sure Mac has better selection than
         | open source typefaces... but you know you can take your San
         | Francisco and install it on Linux if you want.
        
         | mmcnl wrote:
         | macOS doesn't do anything with fonts. They removed all aliasing
         | features. The Apple solution is to use retina displays for
         | everything. That works great with Linux too.
        
       | lofaszvanitt wrote:
       | Both look shit.
        
       | bad_username wrote:
       | Am I the last person on the Earth to turn off font smoothing
       | completely and use fonts perfectly hinted to the pixel grid?
       | Can't get any sharper than that, and really helps with eye
       | strain.
        
         | arexxbifs wrote:
         | Nope[1].
         | 
         | [1] https://datagubbe.se/fontfest/
        
         | nielssp wrote:
         | No, at least that's what I'm going for as well, at least for
         | monospace fonts in editors and such. I can't stand the slightly
         | blurry look of antialiased fonts and absolutely prefer the
         | crisp edges of traditional bitmap fonts.
        
         | globular-toast wrote:
         | Do you have a working config for this on Linux?
        
           | bad_username wrote:
           | This is a regular control panel setting in Linux Mint
           | (Cinnamon). Not sure about other distros.
        
           | arexxbifs wrote:
           | Try this:                 $ cat
           | $HOME/.config/fontconfig/fonts.conf        <match
           | target="font">           <edit name="rgba" mode="assign">
           | <const>none</const>           </edit>           <test
           | qual="any" name="size" compare="more">
           | <double>1</double>           </test>           <test
           | qual="any" name="size" compare="less">
           | <double>22</double>           </test>           <edit
           | name="antialias" mode="assign">
           | <bool>false</bool>           </edit>           <edit
           | name="hintstyle" mode="assign">
           | <const>hintfull</const>           </edit>       </match>
        
         | NoGravitas wrote:
         | I do this only for specific fonts at specific sizes.
        
       | zokier wrote:
       | The problem with all these font rendering discussions is that we
       | are missing some ultra-high quality (offline) reference rendering
       | system to compare against. Not only does that make these
       | discussions pretty unproductive (just subjective back and forth),
       | but also practically that drives font designers to build fonts
       | that look good on their preferred platform(s), rather than
       | something that is built to look good on spec. This drives then
       | feedback loop where other platforms then need to start emulating
       | the major popular platforms with their flaws instead of aiming
       | for the highest quality; for example this stem-darkening is
       | almost certainly just inspired by macos but doesn't really have
       | justification outside that.
        
         | winternewt wrote:
         | On a related note, I thought that by 2024 we would have
         | displays with 250+ dpi resolution, but to my disappointment I'm
         | still waiting for this to be a reality on anything but small
         | laptop screens. A lot of the rendering tricks that corrupt the
         | appearance of fonts have to do with how few pixels are
         | available for rasterisation. We should have been getting print-
         | quality text by now.
        
           | craftkiller wrote:
           | Ahem... https://tftcentral.co.uk/news/viewsonic-
           | vg3281-with-31-5-ips...
           | 
           | Personally I'm holding out for UHBR20
           | 
           | Edit: Also there's this one from 2017
           | https://www.dell.com/en-us/shop/dell-
           | ultrasharp-32-8k-monito...
        
             | winternewt wrote:
             | Right, I have seen the Dell screen before. But it is
             | currently an extremely niche product which means it is
             | wildly outside my price range. And the VG3281 is still not
             | available in my country even though it was released in
             | 2023.
        
             | bartvk wrote:
             | Is that ViewSonic monster actually for sale?
        
       | gjvc wrote:
       | This works very well on my 4k screen.
       | 
       | Every discussion of font rendering technology must include a
       | statement to the effect of "Acorn RISC OS fonts from 1990 have
       | not been bettered". :-)
        
       | bamboozled wrote:
       | The screenshots look the same to me?
        
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       (page generated 2024-09-25 23:01 UTC)