[HN Gopher] Biggest ever seen black hole jets; blasting plasma w...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Biggest ever seen black hole jets; blasting plasma well beyond
       their own galaxy
        
       Author : wglb
       Score  : 66 points
       Date   : 2024-09-19 13:12 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (phys.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (phys.org)
        
       | wglb wrote:
       | The referenced paper:
       | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-07879-y
        
       | topherPedersen wrote:
       | What happens to the plasma that the black hole spits out? Do they
       | have any ideas?
        
         | ziofill wrote:
         | I think it just blasts off into the universe
        
           | actionfromafar wrote:
           | Panspermia?
        
         | tejtm wrote:
         | slows, cools, condenses into us sometimes
        
         | antognini wrote:
         | I studied these objects for my first research paper in grad
         | school. (You can see a few images of some of the objects I
         | found in Figure 3 of my paper [1]) In essence the jet blows a
         | hot bubble into the gas that comprises the intracluster medium
         | of the galaxy cluster. Over time synchrotron radiation causes
         | the bubble to cool down and eventually (maybe on the order of a
         | few 100 million to a billion years if I recall right) the
         | bubble comes into thermal equilibrium with the surrounding gas.
         | 
         | [1]: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1204.3896
        
       | LarsDu88 wrote:
       | If the plasma jet is wildly larger than our entire galaxy, I
       | wonder if some sort of exotic life could evolve inside the jet.
       | Some sort of life that would be totally rare in the universe.
        
         | Retr0id wrote:
         | Sometimes I wonder if our whole universe is some kind of
         | transient aberration, if you zoom out far enough
        
         | jadbox wrote:
         | Not my field, but could the Big Bang have been a massive black
         | hole that "spat" out jets of plasma that formed into new stars
         | and galaxies? I call this the black hole big burp theory.
        
           | bobbylarrybobby wrote:
           | This seems incompatible with inflation
        
             | jadbox wrote:
             | Isn't universe inflation already on shaky ground though?
             | https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/cosmic-
             | inflation-...
        
           | ziddoap wrote:
           | This is very close to an idea known as "Black hole cosmology"
           | -- basically the idea being that the visible universe is
           | inside a black hole, leading to a sort of "nested
           | multiverse".
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black-hole_cosmology
           | 
           | A related theory, rather than being inside a black hole, is
           | that the other side of a black hole is a "white hole". As
           | matter collapses into a black hole, it is emitted from the
           | white hole, creating another universe.
           | 
           | Here's an article from 2010 that expands on the idea, though
           | this is definitely not the first time (or last time) it was
           | discussed, it just happens to be an easily searchable
           | article.
           | 
           | https://www.space.com/8293-universe-born-black-hole-
           | theory.h...
        
         | tiffanyh wrote:
         | > I wonder if some sort of exotic life could evolve
         | 
         | Some might say humans are exotic life that evolved.
        
       | southernplaces7 wrote:
       | I thought that only hawking radiation could escape a black hole.
       | Now a paper describing a vast jet of emitted plasma??
       | 
       | The article doesn't quite clarify this point. It mentions the
       | jets shooting from below and above the black holes, but does this
       | mean they're emerging from their interior or being created by the
       | accretion of superheated material that forms in orbit around
       | black holes?
       | 
       | The article simple states this, which seems wrong given the
       | immense gravity of black holes:
       | 
       | >When supermassive black holes become active--in other words,
       | when their immense forces of gravity tug on and heat up
       | surrounding material--they are thought to either emit energy in
       | the form of radiation or jets.
       | 
       | So the holes themselves emit energy jets or their accretion disks
       | do? Sloppy damn phrasing and reporting, and all too common for
       | science subjects.
        
         | maxnoe wrote:
         | Hawking radiation is one process, but for spinning black holes,
         | especially ones with accretion disks and magnetic fields around
         | them, there are two more theoretical predictions: the
         | Blandford-Znajek process and the Penrose process.
         | 
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrophysical_jet#Rotation_a...
        
         | codeulike wrote:
         | Its not coming out of the black hole itself, its more like the
         | black hole has an accretion disk around it of material that is
         | being sucked in. The dynamics of the huge forces and energies
         | involved can cause jets to form, throwing high energy particles
         | away from the black hole. The jets still represent a tiny
         | fraction of the matter, most of which is still heading into the
         | hole.
        
           | njarboe wrote:
           | And crazy strong and twisted magnetic fields that will heat
           | things up/create large forces on charged particles.
        
       | imranq wrote:
       | The jets are 23 million light years in length! That's 140 milky
       | way galaxies laid out -- these are sizes I can't even begin to
       | comprehend
        
       | njb311 wrote:
       | Very exciting until they figure out the jet is just a Starlink
       | satellite passing in front of the telescope.
        
       | rookderby wrote:
       | One hell of a thruster.
        
       | klyrs wrote:
       | Just think... in the presence of a constant magnetic field, this
       | could be the most powerful particle collider in the visible
       | universe
        
       | JumpCrisscross wrote:
       | I've seen stellar engines [1] show up in fiction.
       | 
       | Has anyone done a galactic engine?
       | 
       | [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar_engine
        
       | thehappypm wrote:
       | I have a question about black holes, HN.
       | 
       | Let's say you have a black hole. You fire a laser beam straight
       | into it. Just by symmetry, shouldn't it blueshift on the way in,
       | gain some preposterous amount of energy -- enough that it can
       | escape?
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-09-19 23:00 UTC)