[HN Gopher] Academics say flying to meetings harms the climate -...
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       Academics say flying to meetings harms the climate - but they carry
       on
        
       Author : gnabgib
       Score  : 31 points
       Date   : 2024-09-13 20:24 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nature.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nature.com)
        
       | elashri wrote:
       | TLDR: Researchers in one big university survey in UK tend to
       | prefer taking air travel (mostly juniors) than taking train or
       | other alternative methods. The article is discussing from
       | European perceptive where there is actually other options.
       | 
       | I hope that no would think of similarity with the US because it
       | lack sane alternatives. Driving for i.e two days wouldn't be less
       | harm and wouldn't be possible because you will waste couple of
       | days in traveling and will cost more of the limited money for
       | travel in grants. And I really hope that one day the US will have
       | a good train system.
        
         | n8cpdx wrote:
         | Train system in the US is almost always slower (except for
         | northeast corridor), and frustratingly not much greener per
         | Amtrak's own numbers.
         | 
         | If I'm going to take days instead of hours, I want better than
         | 34% more efficient.
         | 
         | https://www.amtrak.com/travel-green
         | 
         | I'm actually posting this with the ulterior motive of having
         | someone respond with better carbon numbers for Amtrak, because
         | I have not been able to find any.
        
           | geysersam wrote:
           | It says 34% more energy efficient. But that's not as relevant
           | as carbon emission efficiency. It's certainly more carbon
           | emission efficient than that.
           | 
           | The page you linked says up to 73% less carbon emissions, but
           | it's hard to know what that means. I don't believe they
           | actually mean that an Amtrak train emits 27% of the emissions
           | of the worst commerical air travel option in the US, that
           | sounds too high.
        
         | Cheer2171 wrote:
         | From London St Pancras International, you're still looking at
         | 8+ hours via train to Zurich, Munich, Berlin, Milan, Barcelona.
         | Americans talk about Europe's rail network like it is a city
         | metro or something. It is 100% unfeasible to do a business trip
         | via train from Rome to Amsterdam, Madrid to Berlin, Vienna to
         | Paris.
         | 
         | https://www.chronotrains.com/en/station/2643743-London/8
        
         | Alupis wrote:
         | > TLDR: Researchers in one big university survey in UK tend to
         | prefer taking air travel (mostly juniors) than taking train or
         | other alternative methods
         | 
         | Perhaps they realized one fewer booking doesn't prevent the
         | flight from happening - or change anything except inconvenience
         | themselves?
         | 
         | Even if 100% of academics committed to taking the train or
         | heck, walking to conferences, nothing is different other than a
         | lot of wasted time. Time that might be spent much more
         | productively doing something else.
         | 
         | The hypocrisy is the only real problem. But, we (both the US
         | and UK) tolerate celebrities and politicians that fly on
         | private jets to events just to scold us about the climate.
        
           | Cheer2171 wrote:
           | > Perhaps they realized one fewer booking doesn't prevent the
           | flight from happening
           | 
           | Ah, the good old "collective action by individuals is useless
           | because individual action by individuals is useless" canard.
        
             | Alupis wrote:
             | I think you missed the part where even if 100% of academics
             | committed to not flying, still _not one thing changes_.
             | 
             | The "do something, anything!" crowd needs reality checks
             | from time to time. Consider yourself checked...
        
               | etrautmann wrote:
               | This is useless and lazy nihilism
        
               | timr wrote:
               | Arguing that travel _you don 't like_ is unnecessary
               | because it harms the environment?
               | 
               | Yes, that is useless and lazy nihilism.
               | 
               | OP is arguing that _observed preferences_ are far more
               | reliable indicators of what people actually value than
               | what people say to surveyors /the press/reddit/HN. That's
               | not "nilhilism", it's just a fact. Presumably, academics
               | travel to conferences because they're getting value out
               | of it, and they deem that value worth whatever costs they
               | believe it incurs.
        
               | matsemann wrote:
               | This reminds a bit of the "it's useless to do anything
               | here, China should cut their emissions, not us, we're a
               | mere drop in the ocean!"
               | 
               | Which of course means that we can solve climate change by
               | dividing the earth into smaller countries, all too small
               | to have any positive effect by cleaning up their act :)
        
               | Alupis wrote:
               | It's really unfortunate people cannot fathom how
               | insignificant your butt in an airplane seat, that will
               | take off with or without you, really is.
               | 
               | This climate change thing really has become people's new
               | religion. Deny anything that doesn't align with the
               | religion. Commit to meaningless gestures. Say your three
               | hail marys. Who can suffer the most in the name of our
               | lord? It makes you a better person, don't you know?
        
               | quantified wrote:
               | It's the sufficient collection of butts absent that gets
               | the plane not to even be scheduled. Funny how the
               | pandemic quieted things down. (Though perversely,
               | airlines flew plenty of empty planes to keep their gates,
               | just the way our economic incentives are structured.) So
               | academics on their own, no, maybe just a couple of
               | charter flights here and there. Broad-based reduction
               | would be required, for example reducing the sizes of the
               | planes on some routes.
               | 
               | These aspects are more meaningless because of the way
               | other humans behave, but it's all a question of degree.
               | It's insignificant whether you urinate into someone's
               | locker at the gym, so we can all do that every day,
               | right?
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | Well the world isn't divided like that, so since there
               | _are_ groups big enough to have an impact that we can
               | influence, why don 't we focus on them?
        
               | Cheer2171 wrote:
               | Thanks for the reality check, buddy. You're right that
               | nothing any of us does ever really matters in the grand
               | scheme of things. There is no way we could ever try to
               | get others to change their behavior by first changing our
               | own. Collective action has never, ever worked.
               | 
               | I'd been keeping my used batteries and motor oil for a
               | special trip to the recycling center, but I just threw
               | them in the river behind my house, because it turns out
               | nothing we do matters because climate change actually
               | can't be fixed unless we fix corrupt multinational
               | corporations or governments or China, or maybe climate
               | change is all a hoax, or whatever lets you sleep at night
               | and feel morally superior to all the other sheep. Thanks
               | for the inspiration, friend.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | > Collective action has never, ever worked.
               | 
               | This is a gross misreading of what they said. They said
               | that _one particular collective_ isn 't big enough.
        
               | Cheer2171 wrote:
               | No, they said that one fewer butt in one particular seat
               | won't make a difference. That's true about everything any
               | one particular individual can do about climate change.
               | You could commit euthanasia and never be responsible for
               | another gram of carbon emitted, and that would not have a
               | measurable effect on CO2 levels.
               | 
               | OP is trying to force a very narrow utilitarian framework
               | in which actions are evaluated based only on their
               | immediate consequences. By that logic, nothing any
               | ordinary, median individual does will directly have a
               | measurable impact on climate change.
               | 
               | The fallacy is that these kinds of boycotts and self-
               | restrictions, which are part of the "religion" OP is
               | objecting to in other replies, is the way to get large
               | numbers of individuals to change their behavior
               | collectively in ways that do measurably impact the bottom
               | line. If demand for air travel drops, fewer planes will
               | burn carbon.
               | 
               | The other fallacy is that utilitarianism is only one way
               | of considering how to act ethically in the world.
        
               | Alupis wrote:
               | So if the UK banned all airplanes - what changes for the
               | world?
               | 
               | Oh, that's right. _Still nothing._
               | 
               | You are hyper-focused on a meaningless gesture that you
               | were told to believe by people who continue to fly
               | private jets around the world - like the academics this
               | very thread is about. Seriously... let that sink in for a
               | few moments. _You_ should suffer, while they enjoy the
               | lavishes of life. Kind of like a tv megachurch
               | evangelist.
               | 
               | If you want to be principled and refuse to ever fly again
               | - fine. It doesn't harm anyone but yourself. The world
               | won't even thank you for this meaningless gesture and
               | countless wasted hours. Just don't stand on a busy street
               | corner shouting "repent" into your megaphone.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | I'm pretty sure the UK banning all airplanes would make a
               | measurable difference. Especially since other countries
               | would be reducing air travel along with them if this
               | scenario is supposed to be at least semi-plausible.
        
               | Alupis wrote:
               | It would not. Those people would still travel - just by
               | far less efficient means.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | You think long distance travel demand is completely
               | inelastic? It's not.
               | 
               | Also what's "far less efficient means", please be
               | specific. Most of these people are not going to take solo
               | car trips super long distances.
        
               | Alupis wrote:
               | Unless the UK is going to totally isolate themselves from
               | the entire world - people and goods will still travel in
               | and out. Only by vastly less efficient means.
               | 
               | The UK is not isolated, and will never be. In this
               | implausible scenario, people fly into France, drive to a
               | ferry, cross the channel by boat, drive to the train
               | station, etc. Increased traffic, idling, etc all adds up.
               | 
               | People still have business that needs to be done and they
               | will do it. Evidenced by this hypocritical academics.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | Boats and trucks are not "vastly less efficient" than
               | planes.
               | 
               | And when travel is harder, people travel less.
        
               | Alupis wrote:
               | Yes they are. Look at these fuel economy numbers (broken
               | down by number of butts in seats)[1]. 60-100+ mpg
               | equivalent per seat. What car or truck is getting 80+mpg
               | while hauling a 40,000lbs payload, for example? Not to
               | mention how wildly efficient modern turbofan combustion
               | is.
               | 
               | This fiction that air travel is so awful is really
               | counter productive.
               | 
               | [1]
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_economy_in_aircraft
        
               | quantified wrote:
               | Lots of holiday travel would disappear, because the
               | holiday would be swallowed by inconvenience.
        
               | quantified wrote:
               | You're right that no one (essentially) will thank you for
               | this. Everyone is too caught up in their own worlds. So
               | eat the last tuna, hunt the last buffalo, shred your
               | polyester clothes into the wind via your clother dryer,
               | no one cares enough. This is where religion might have
               | played a role in saying "God cares" but gods sort of
               | stopped talking over a thousand years ago.
        
           | ForHackernews wrote:
           | We have mechanisms for solving collective action problems. If
           | air travel is bad and we want people to take trains, just tax
           | airplanes and subsidize high speed rail.
           | 
           | I don't know how you expect people to pay twice the price and
           | take twice the time to travel somewhere.
           | 
           | Prices are information. Tax externalities.
        
           | jltsiren wrote:
           | Do you vote in elections? You must realize it's a waste of
           | time, at least outside local elections. It's very unlikely
           | that your vote will affect the outcome of any election in
           | your lifetime. And it's even more unlikely that the effect
           | will actually matter.
           | 
           | It's good to realize that you are almost certainly a nobody.
           | Your life will probably have no measurable effect on the
           | world. And that's good, because the world would be a terrible
           | place if many people could change it individually. But when a
           | million nobodies make a choice, the world may change.
           | 
           | You should act in ways that would be good for the society if
           | everyone did the same. That's a pretty universal idea in
           | moral philosophy. You can find it in most philosophical
           | traditions and most religions. Utilitarianism fails on a
           | large scale, because individual choices have a major effect
           | on the individual but a negligible effect on the society. But
           | if everyone makes choices that are individually good,
           | everyone may come off worse. Civilized societies depend on
           | people occasionally choosing the right thing over the thing
           | that benefits them.
           | 
           | To be a human, you need moral agency. It's not enough to be a
           | utilitarian automaton reacting to incentives.
        
         | etrautmann wrote:
         | The travel isn't always necessary
        
       | etrautmann wrote:
       | Yes, when I was in academic neuroscience as of last year this was
       | 100% true, through truthfully a disappointingly small number even
       | thought about it. It's seen as necessary for career advancement
       | and that is true. Remote conferences eliminate the most important
       | part of networking
        
         | acidburnNSA wrote:
         | I keep hoping that additional features in videochat will help
         | regain some of the networking options.
         | 
         | For instance, a feature where you queue up for 30-60 second
         | 1:1s with the speaker after a talk would be cool.
         | 
         | And then basically chat roulette for the hallway sessions.
         | Would be cool.
        
           | gradstudent wrote:
           | We tried various forms of this during the pandemic; systems
           | like gather.town and so on. They were universally awful. I
           | think travel is simply the price of good Science.
        
       | exabrial wrote:
       | Just wait until you hear about the G20 summit and all of the
       | other idiots lecturing us about it.
        
       | abeppu wrote:
       | How important is this, though? Apparently though it's a growing
       | contributor, air travel contributes roughly 2.5% of overall
       | emissions. Even for academics who "need" to attend conferences in
       | person, how many conferences does the average academic fly to per
       | year?
       | 
       | I tried one of those online carbon calculators which spat out 1.4
       | tons CO2 for a round trip west coast to east coast trip (SF /
       | NYC). The average American emissions are at like 10x that, so
       | while it's significant, depending on how many long-haul flights
       | you have per year, it may still matter less than your day-to-day
       | transportation, what you eat, heating your home, etc.
        
         | ImJamal wrote:
         | Regardless of how much impact it has, it makes them look like
         | hypocrites. If climate change is truly an issue that threatens
         | millions of lives then maybe don't contribute to it unless you
         | absolutely have to.
        
           | viraptor wrote:
           | > then maybe don't contribute to it unless you absolutely
           | have to.
           | 
           | We don't "absolutely have to" do anything. Our comments
           | contributed to climate change, but we did it anyway. Living
           | contributes to climate change, but we don't stop. All of us
           | are choosing some acceptable threshold for our lives.
        
         | geysersam wrote:
         | Don't you find it interesting that when looking up the overall
         | CO2 emissions of flying you found the number 2.5%, barely
         | relevant, but when you looked up the emissions from a single
         | long haul flight that ended up being ~10% of the average
         | American emissions (already much larger than the global
         | average).
         | 
         | How can those two numbers be combined? Most of the worlds
         | population never fly, and that's why it's a relatively small
         | fraction of global emissions. But it's still a very sizeable
         | portion of the emissions of people who do fly, and that makes
         | it relevant.
         | 
         | It's the same as saying: is it really important that people in
         | Belgium cause large CO2 emissions? It's such a small country,
         | barely 1 % of global emissions, there's no point to them
         | reducing their emissions. But that's a fallacy (obviously). All
         | emissions can be decomposed into small sets and dismissed as
         | irrelevant.
         | 
         | The important question is: how much benefit does these
         | emissions cause compared to alternatives? And, would these
         | emissions fit in the global co2 budget?
        
       | motohagiography wrote:
       | hypocricy is status signalling, complaining affirms it, a lot
       | should fall into place when that clicks.
        
       | FrustratedMonky wrote:
       | The old "if you live in society you can't try to improve it
       | without being a hypocrite" argument.
       | 
       | "We Should Improve Society Somewhat refers to a panel from a
       | comic by Matt Bors in which a medieval peasant says "We should
       | improve society somewhat" while a modern man, emerging from a
       | well, replies, "Yet you participate in society! Curious! I am
       | very intelligent." "
       | 
       | https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/we-should-improve-society-som...
        
       | naming_the_user wrote:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_economy_in_aircraft
       | 
       | Modern airliners approach 100mpg per seat.
       | 
       | About the same as four people in the average American car (25mpg
       | at four people is 100mpg per seat). Compared to say, your average
       | truck driver (like, 10? 15?), it's absolutely spectacular.
       | 
       | A good European train can technically do 400-500mpg per seat, so
       | 4-5x, but load factors tend to be much lower, I believe around
       | 80-85% for planes vs 40-50% for intercity trains.
       | 
       | Given that then, in the real world conventional trains are about
       | 2-3x more efficient than planes. High speed trains lose a
       | significant amount of that advantage - can't beat physics (air
       | resistance).
       | 
       | At the end of the day, long distance travel is simply expensive
       | however you cut the cookie. There's nothing particularly special
       | about air travel.
        
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