[HN Gopher] How to Spot NASA's Solar Sail Demonstration Streakin...
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       How to Spot NASA's Solar Sail Demonstration Streaking Through the
       Night Sky
        
       Author : Brajeshwar
       Score  : 121 points
       Date   : 2024-09-11 16:36 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.smithsonianmag.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.smithsonianmag.com)
        
       | rob74 wrote:
       | The good thing about NASA is that they always also give you the
       | metric measurements (and sometimes, as a bonus, some real-world
       | thing they're comparable to). To quote
       | https://blogs.nasa.gov/smallsatellites/2024/08/29/nasa-compo...:
       | 
       | > _From above, the sail will appear as a square, with an area of
       | approximately 860 square feet (80 square meters) - about half the
       | size of a tennis court._
       | 
       | Not bad for a device the size of a microwave...
        
         | sholladay wrote:
         | That is bigger than many city apartments.
        
           | scoot wrote:
           | Not really... apartments have volume.
        
         | sans_souse wrote:
         | Ok but how many school busses is that?
        
           | croisillon wrote:
           | about half an olympic swimming pool
        
             | sobellian wrote:
             | I'm going to need that in smoot-manhattans per cubit.
        
           | skykooler wrote:
           | About one medium-sized school bus long on each side.
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | it's one half of a JWST
        
       | mdl_principle wrote:
       | Another option for those who don't want to download the app:
       | https://www.heavens-above.com (also works for many other
       | satellites).
       | 
       | Set your location in the upper-right corner, then select the ACS3
       | on the main page.
        
       | cdaringe wrote:
       | This website is a so distracting with ads I couldn't focus and
       | had to close it. Too bad--i did want that content. Ya ya i have
       | ad blocking but over vpn my dns settings change. Must... fix...
        
         | michelb wrote:
         | It also works fine with whatever 'reader mode' your browser may
         | have.
        
       | lordfrito wrote:
       | So I wanted to take a look at the actual craft they built, but
       | all I can find are a bunch of nice CGI animations. Usually there
       | are photos of the fully assembled satellite sitting in a test lab
       | somewhere prior to launch.
       | 
       | Anyone have a link to actual pictures of the probe?
       | 
       | Also -- what's happening to science when more and more articles
       | seem to have CGI artists renditions instead of pictures of the
       | real thing. I get that those with ADHD need some stimulation to
       | keep them interested in science funding -- but as a skeptic I
       | find the boring "real" photos far more interesting. It's getting
       | harder to tell real programs from fictional programs with
       | clickbait titles and pretty graphics i.e. "NASA has designs for a
       | working warp drive"
       | 
       | /rant
       | 
       | edit: OK so I finally found an image of the final assembled
       | satellite prior to launch here [0]
       | 
       | [0]
       | https://pbs.twimg.com/media/GL2pPKZW4AAXK1P?format=jpg&name=...
        
         | cbsks wrote:
         | I found a few pictures:
         | 
         | https://www.nasa.gov/mission/acs3/
         | 
         | https://www.nasa.gov/smallspacecraft/what-is-acs3/
        
           | lordfrito wrote:
           | Thanks for this, no photo of the completed satellite but it's
           | something. It's a shame you have to dig deeper into the NASA
           | website to find the images-- should be on the main mission
           | page.
        
             | Out_of_Characte wrote:
             | >no photo of the completed sattelite
             | 
             | That's the completed sattelite in the second link. The
             | 'solid' booms are very similar to how a tape measure rolls
             | out and remains rigid. Solar spacecraft are half sail by
             | mass and half sattelite.
        
         | d4mi3n wrote:
         | I realize you said it in jest, but as someone with ADHD
         | generalizations like this hurt. Many of us love science and we
         | have enough day to day difficulties to contend with.
         | 
         | That said, I can think of a few reasons for not releasing a
         | photo:
         | 
         | 1. Solar sails are flimsily and fragile. The photo would likely
         | not be representative of the craft in action.
         | 
         | 2. The labs building these things may not have a professional
         | photographer available.
         | 
         | 3. A prototype craft might just look like junk. Wouldn't be
         | surprised if they want to iterate on the design a bit before
         | they solidify the public's vision of what a solar sailing craft
         | looks like.
        
           | lordfrito wrote:
           | > as someone with ADHD generalizations like this hurt
           | 
           | Apologies -- I was mainly referring to the "overstimulated
           | generation" of kids and their effect on media becoming more
           | clickbaity with fancy/fake images. It was a poor choice of
           | mine to summarize this idea using the word ADHD.
        
         | digging wrote:
         | > It's getting harder to tell real programs from fictional
         | programs
         | 
         | ...Is this a real concern of yours? I've never experienced such
         | ambiguity
        
         | mrguyorama wrote:
         | >Also -- what's happening to science when more and more
         | articles seem to have CGI artists renditions instead of
         | pictures of the real thing
         | 
         | I'm sorry for joining the pile-on but why do you believe this
         | is "new"? Artists interpretations and renderings have been the
         | norm for space media since before NASA. It makes sense, since
         | it's so hard to get the film crew out to Jupiter, and the craft
         | all folded up on it's launch platform is usually less
         | interesting to normal people than seeing the instrument as it
         | will be in space
         | 
         | >but as a skeptic... It's getting harder to tell real
         | programs... working warp drive
         | 
         | Skeptic? I promise you that everything put onto a rocket is
         | real. Keep in mind that every single project anyone has ever
         | had to get funding for will inevitably have a CGI rendering or
         | artists interpretation because you need something to put on the
         | first powerpoint slide when you pitch it to the funding board.
         | This is not limited to NASA
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | >Also -- what's happening to science when more and more
         | articles seem to have CGI artists renditions
         | 
         | In case you weren't aware, pretty much everything in
         | advertising in a render as well. If the car is not moving in a
         | commercial shot from a camera car/drone, it's more than likely
         | 3D rendered. Those close up interior shots or the camera
         | zooming from outside to the interior, yup, those are 3D
         | rendered. A large portion of product shots (like furniture)
         | online are 3D rendered as well. This has been happening for a
         | long time too
        
       | abeppu wrote:
       | Perhaps a really naive question: what can you do with a solar
       | sail in orbit?
       | 
       | I've always heard these as mentioned in the context of very long
       | distance trips (heading away from the sun). But if you're
       | orbiting the earth, how do you take advantage of this? In
       | general, how do you use a solar sail to do anything other than
       | head away from the sun?
        
         | teraflop wrote:
         | The sail doesn't have to be oriented directly perpendicular to
         | the sun. By angling it, you can gain momentum in other
         | directions, just like a sail on a boat doesn't have to push you
         | directly downwind.
         | 
         | When in orbit around earth, thrust in the direction of your
         | orbit (prograde) causes you to gain energy and altitude, and
         | retrograde thrust does the opposite.
        
           | Alupis wrote:
           | Is there any indication of how much thrust/acceleration they
           | expect from this, and over what time scale?
        
             | graboy wrote:
             | 625 micro-newtons [1]. Total weight of craft is 16kg [2].
             | That works out to 3.4 m/s gained per day.
             | 
             | [1] The "Solar Sail" wikipedia page says 800m x 800m is
             | about 5N. This is 80m^2.
             | 
             | [2] https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20210017923/downloa
             | ds/Sm...
        
               | Alupis wrote:
               | Interesting data. This[1] seems to suggest that this
               | relatively small solar sail would be able to reach the
               | moon from earth's orbit after ~3 years (I could be
               | horribly misinterpreting this data!). That seems
               | impressive, given how "simple" this method is.
               | 
               | However, it strikes me as difficult to use this the
               | deeper into space we go. I would assume the further from
               | the sun you go, the less thrust you receive from the
               | sail. Also, how do you slow down and stop? Maybe you
               | don't...
               | 
               | [1] https://spacemath.gsfc.nasa.gov/weekly/5Page26.pdf
        
               | db48x wrote:
               | Sure, the amount of acceleration you get decreases as you
               | get further from the nearest star, but that's ok.
               | Remember that you keep all the velocity you gained along
               | the way, when you're in space. You can be going pretty
               | fast by the time you turn your sail to face the star at
               | your destination.
        
           | abeppu wrote:
           | > just like a sail on a boat doesn't have to push you
           | directly downwind
           | 
           | I'm not a sailor, but doesn't this rely on the force of water
           | on the keel, to avoid being pushed laterally?
           | 
           | > When in orbit around earth, thrust in the direction of your
           | orbit (prograde) causes you to gain energy and altitude, and
           | retrograde thrust does the opposite.
           | 
           | For station-keeping purposes, when should you prefer a solar
           | sail as versus PV panels and an ion drive?
        
             | zardo wrote:
             | > I'm not a sailor, but doesn't this rely on the force of
             | water on the keel, to avoid being pushed laterally?
             | 
             | The analogy with sailing is actually kind of weak.
             | 
             | Since you get elastic collisions with photons on the sail,
             | you can (approach) applying force at 90 degrees from the
             | direction of the light. Unlike with actual sailing, you can
             | never have an "upwind" force component.
        
           | jahnu wrote:
           | My intuition is failing me here. How does that work since
           | there is no body of water like a boat has to push off?
        
             | zardo wrote:
             | The sail is a mirror. Subtract the momentum vector of the
             | incoming light from that of the reflected light and you
             | have the momentum change applied to the sail.
        
             | teraflop wrote:
             | It's true that the mechanism is different, but this still
             | works (to a limited extent) even without any external
             | object to transfer momentum to, just using the momentum of
             | the photons themselves.
             | 
             | I can't be bothered to draw a diagram, but imagine that the
             | sun is to the "north", and the solar sail is at a 45-degree
             | angle running NE/SW. Incoming photons heading south reflect
             | off the sail and leave to the west. So the photons
             | experience a net momentum change to the NW, pushing the
             | sail to the SE, which is not directly away from the sun.
        
               | jahnu wrote:
               | Thanks, that makes complete sense!
        
         | alnwlsn wrote:
         | Raise and lower your orbit, I guess. Any unbalanced force on
         | something in orbit will do one of the two.
        
       | bloopernova wrote:
       | I remember being fascinated by the concept of sailing the sea of
       | stars. Mostly because I read _Sunjammer_ by Arthur C Clarke at an
       | impressionable age lol.
       | 
       | https://fiction.scoutlife.org/the-sunjammer/
        
       | dave333 wrote:
       | How can the sail control its orientation? Without that it would
       | just get pushed around "at random."
        
         | dave333 wrote:
         | From wikipedia: Attitude control is achieved by a relative
         | shift between the craft's center of pressure and its center of
         | mass. This can be achieved with control vanes, movement of
         | individual sails, movement of a control mass, or altering
         | reflectivity.
        
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       (page generated 2024-09-13 23:00 UTC)