[HN Gopher] When EV startups shut down, will their cars still work?
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       When EV startups shut down, will their cars still work?
        
       Author : PaulHoule
       Score  : 57 points
       Date   : 2024-09-08 18:22 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (restofworld.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (restofworld.org)
        
       | lionkor wrote:
       | I'm not surprised, not sure how anyone is thinking that devices
       | that tie you to one company completely are a good idea
        
         | scarface_74 wrote:
         | If I want my watch to support streaming audio and make phone
         | calls without carrying my phone around - it kind of does.
        
       | cebert wrote:
       | I'm in the market for a new vehicle and would like to purchase an
       | EV. However, I also have a fear of the software becoming obsolete
       | or no longer supported. I tend to keep my vehicles for a long
       | time, my current vehicle is 12 years old.
        
         | johnea wrote:
         | Like in the above comment, this isn't specifically an EV
         | problem.
         | 
         | All modern cars have this failure.
         | 
         | I just bought a used 2023 Nissan Leaf. It's the last model year
         | of the original design, and has many tactile mechanical button,
         | not jut a tablet on the dash. It's also totally self sufficient
         | WRT cloud connectivity.
         | 
         | I'd highly ecommend this model and year...
        
           | kccqzy wrote:
           | The Nissan Leaf has an air-cooled battery. Literally any
           | other EV's battery will outlast the Nissan Leaf's in terms of
           | degradation.
        
         | kccqzy wrote:
         | I have an EV but I think of it as an appliance. I don't worry
         | about the software becoming obsolete because the software is
         | complete by the time it comes out of the factory. When I test
         | drove the vehicle I found its state of software satisfactory
         | and I would not need any new software or even need any support
         | for the software. I also like the UI enough that I don't mind
         | seeing the same UI for the next ten years without succumbing to
         | the latest design fad.
         | 
         | I understand that some Internet-required features (such as
         | viewing real-time charger availability in the car) will
         | certainly become unavailable. But I'm prepared to use my phone
         | to do the same thing.
        
         | ggreer wrote:
         | The important thing is to get a vehicle that is popular enough
         | that there will be future demand for maintenance. That way even
         | if the manufacturer goes under or drops support for that model,
         | other companies will take up the mantle. This threshold is
         | surprisingly quite low. There were around 2,400 Tesla Roadsters
         | made. Although Tesla has dropped support for them, Gruber Motor
         | Company will repair or maintain them.
         | 
         | I think that's the only model that Tesla has dropped support
         | for. The original Model S from 2012 is still supported by
         | Tesla, and still gets software updates. Of course you won't get
         | new features like self-driving improvements, but they still
         | ship bug fixes and stuff like Spotify support. They also do
         | maintenance and repairs, though I'm pretty sure all of the
         | vehicles from that era are outside of warranty coverage.
         | 
         | There are millions of Model 3s & Model Ys around. If you buy
         | one of those, you'll never have to worry about finding someone
         | to do maintenance or repairs.
        
           | mook wrote:
           | Gruber appears to be in Arizona; I couldn't tell from
           | skimming their website if that means they can't service
           | vehicles in, say, Seattle?
        
         | avtolik wrote:
         | In Eastern Europe there are a few places that an emulated Tesla
         | server software is being run. And you can buy a car, say from
         | US, and they will patch (hack?) it to use their server. I don't
         | know how good it is feature wise, but it is good enough that
         | the cars drive around.
         | 
         | So to your point - you can probably use a car after the
         | manufacturer is gone or stops supporting a vehicle. But this
         | comes with a risk of trusting these not very legal enterprises.
        
           | oblio wrote:
           | > In Eastern Europe there are a few places that an emulated
           | Tesla server software is being run.
           | 
           | Probably by the same people running third party WoW servers
           | :-p
        
         | pornel wrote:
         | Modern gas cars have all the same touchscreens, with the same
         | software, and the same apps talking to the same servers.
         | 
         | EVs are equated with being computers on wheels, but that's just
         | because barely any BEVs existed in the pre-software era, so
         | there aren't many people who vow to never upgrade from their
         | 1976 Sebring CitiCar.
        
       | bo1024 wrote:
       | Of course, this trend such as "software defined vehicles" is
       | happening with all cars, not just EVs.
       | 
       | The main problem points for incompatibility are places where the
       | car interfaces with software outside of itself. As that software
       | gets updated or APIs change, the car can go out of date. I think
       | chargers and automatic payments might be the most important one
       | there.
        
         | ggreer wrote:
         | Chargers and payments are a solved problem. The charging ports
         | are standardized (NACS in North America & Japan, GB/T in China,
         | and CCS2 everywhere else). The protocols for automatic payment
         | are also standardized. Some EVs made by other manufacturers
         | lack support for the payment protocols, so Tesla has started
         | rolling out credit card readers to their Supercharging stations
         | as a fallback. So even if there's a new automatic payment
         | standard, in the future you'll be able to use a credit card to
         | pay.
         | 
         | The first generation Model S still works just fine at
         | Superchargers. Any EV you buy today is even more likely to have
         | support a decade from now.
        
         | breerbgoat wrote:
         | And that's why no one should be buying any Chinese EVs except
         | BYD. (if you absolutely have to buy a Chinese EV). All Chinese
         | car manufacturers except BYD are losing money with every car
         | they sell, and insiders agree that every other Chinese EVs
         | except BYD will fold or go into bankruptcy.
         | 
         | Why did Chinese companies jump into the car industries
         | producing cars when they didn't have the know-how before?
         | simple, rent seeking. Chinese government was offering
         | incentives to do so. https://reason.com/2023/08/23/chinas-e-v-
         | graveyards-are-an-i...
         | 
         | A "life and death race" has begun to unfold in the world's
         | largest market for electric vehicles -
         | https://www.cnn.com/2024/04/24/business/china-ev-industry-co...
        
       | neverkn0wsb357 wrote:
       | "Beijing has rolled out new EV subsidies to help keep struggling
       | companies afloat."
       | 
       | This seems like an odd approach. If you're gonna site maintenance
       | as the concern, then what you're saying is you're concerned about
       | the consumer; meaning if the company is gonna go bust, you should
       | take the money that you'd spend keeping these companies afloat
       | and give them directly to the consumer to replace the car.
        
         | johnea wrote:
         | The article isn't conclusive, but I read this as meaning they
         | were keeping the companies open long enough to issue firmware
         | updates, that make the cars viable in offline mode.
        
       | kwhitefoot wrote:
       | That depends on what you mean by work. Most will surely still
       | work as cars always did but will no longer get updates to
       | software or to maps.
       | 
       | As far as I can tell my Tesla S will continue to work even if
       | Tesla and all the charging stations disappear. But the navigation
       | system will be much less usable and many features of the
       | entertainment system will stop working (Spotify, TuneIn).
       | 
       | And if you buy from a company that produces a very large volume
       | of cars then at least in some cases third parties will step in to
       | support the vehicles for a fee.
        
         | scarface_74 wrote:
         | And this is one reason I will never buy a car that doesn't
         | support Apple CarPlay and Android Automotive
        
           | mook wrote:
           | You probably want a car with Android Auto instead of Android
           | Automotive. Yep, it's totally dumb that those are two
           | separate things with very similar names. The former is a
           | CarPlay equivalent, where your phone projects a screen. The
           | latter is logging into Google directly from the car
           | independent of your phone.
        
           | ashildr wrote:
           | Too bad if the DRM-server that knows that you paid for Apple
           | CarPlay/Google Auto is turned off...
        
         | diebeforei485 wrote:
         | Tesla's own navigation will not work, yes, because it uses
         | things like the live availability of superchargers to decide
         | where to stop for charging along the way.
         | 
         | But why won't Spotify work? Isn't it just a web app?
        
       | mrweasel wrote:
       | My dad has a "smart" radiator. For 5 months he couldn't control
       | it remotely because some server in Norway was down.
       | 
       | There should be some escrow system for software and service for
       | something as expensive as a car. When Saab Automobile went
       | bankrupt in 2016 a number companies where quick to announce that
       | they'd be able to source or manufacture replacement parts. You
       | can build a brand new 2CV from replacement parts, with an
       | electric motor, and I'm almost certain you can do the same with a
       | VW Bettle.
       | 
       | All the "smart" stuff leaves us a risk of having to discard brand
       | new functional vehicles at a huge environmental impact. Unless
       | you drive a lot, it's better for the environment to maintain an
       | old Saab, compared to buying a new Chinese EV.
        
         | api wrote:
         | There is no reason this stuff needs to be dependent on the
         | cloud at all. It's a mixture of self-serving reasons like
         | wanting to sell subscriptions and the fact that modern
         | developers are so steeped in the cloud that they can't imagine
         | how to do things any other way.
        
       | janosch_123 wrote:
       | I built some custom EVs & drove many miles with them. I used
       | hacked/reverse engineered OEM parts for them.
       | 
       | While the servers going dark might be annoying, you still have
       | access to your cars hardware, giving various attack vectors in
       | making your car "go" again.
       | 
       | - CAN protocol between components is relatively straightforward
       | to reverse engineer, and on a fundamental level all modern EVs
       | work "the same"
       | 
       | - you/someone can put a new circuit board into the remote-
       | disabling component and tell the rest of the car "everything is
       | fine, please drive"
       | 
       | - depending on how much the OEM has invested in preventing this,
       | it might get harder, but it will always be possible (last resort,
       | swap to new brainboard)
       | 
       | - I am not aware of encryption being deployed between vehicle
       | components, between the media component & the remote server,
       | sure, but the actual drivertrain parts are sending straight-
       | forward unencrypted messages between each other
       | 
       | So, all that said, this is of course a worry for the consumer
       | (liability as well when modifying the car of course), but if you
       | control the hardware and enough other people have the same car as
       | you I believe they will be reverse-engineerable.
       | 
       | You can check my submissions, I am making a video series about
       | how modern EVs work, also check out openinverter.org community.
       | 
       | One more anecdote: Fisker Ocean was in a similar place recently
       | and I started looking at their owner groups to see if there would
       | be a business case for me to get more involved, but I haven't
       | pursued it further.
       | 
       | So in the same way that "life will always find a way" in Jurassic
       | Park, I think if you bought something that enough other people
       | have bought, someone will hack it/share a solution (albeit
       | voiding the warranty in the process).
        
         | echelon wrote:
         | While I don't doubt your enthusiasm, I don't want my car
         | experience to feel like Arch Linux. I want something I treat
         | like an appliance or utility to _just work_.
        
           | janosch_123 wrote:
           | I am with you of course.
           | 
           | What I am highlighting is that if enough people are affected
           | by a bankrupt OEM, it is not the end of the world to fix them
           | so all is not lost in that case.
           | 
           | I also don't think it is a particularly smart idea to have
           | your car needing to chat to the mothership before it decides
           | to do it's job of driving you somewhere. At least for the
           | consumer I see limited benefits of this trend.
        
           | lambdasquirrel wrote:
           | It's definitely too much work for everyone to repeat and
           | duplicate.
           | 
           | The obvious solution (to those of us here) is open-source and
           | right-to-repair requirements.
        
           | yencabulator wrote:
           | The "just work" people are the reason for the prevalence of
           | phone apps and cloud services in so much today's gadgets, and
           | that dependency on services is exactly why all these things
           | fail as soon as the company who made them fails.
        
           | the_snooze wrote:
           | I'm in the same boat, which is why I've soured greatly on a
           | lot of things internet-connected. Internet connectivity
           | almost always means needing perpetual updates (whether for
           | security or just for keeping up with remote APIs changing).
           | The economics don't make sense for providing that for free
           | forever, so anything under that model _must_ be either a
           | rental /subscription or isn't built to last.
        
         | pinkmuffinere wrote:
         | How far can you go with these modifications before the vehicle
         | is no longer street legal? I suspect that even minimal changes
         | might cause an issue there?
        
           | janosch_123 wrote:
           | Depends, but it's possible: All vehicles I built were signed
           | off by the licensing bodies & fully insured. We told both the
           | lawmaker and the insurer about all our modifications and with
           | some paperwork it was possible.
           | 
           | The community I linked above is full of people doing this
           | kind of stuff. Some if it illegal, some of it legal.
           | 
           | Jailbreaking an EV I haven't thought about yet, but if the
           | original manufacturer is bust, and you can show some degree
           | of care to the licensing body I am sure it's negotiable.
           | 
           | Obviously it would be better to not be in this position in
           | the first place, but problems are fixable.
        
             | pinkmuffinere wrote:
             | Yes, for sure. Thanks for your response, the info you share
             | is very insightful. Hopefully I will never have to use it
             | :)
        
         | oulipo wrote:
         | for e-bikes at least, it seems that Bosch e-bikes use AES
         | encryption between their controller and the battery, to prevent
         | third-party batteries, perhaps you have knowledge about this,
         | or how it could be possible to circumvent?
        
           | janosch_123 wrote:
           | I can't crack encryption I am afraid. Got a link? It's the
           | first I hear about this.
        
           | ronsor wrote:
           | You'd probably have to extract the encryption key (which has
           | to be the same between all controllers and batteries,
           | otherwise it wouldn't work).
           | 
           | Depending on the hardware this can range from needing to
           | attach a debugger to JTAG, to dumping a flash chip, to
           | decapping a microcontroller at the hardest.
        
           | dzhiurgis wrote:
           | Yikes, how is this even legal for a EU company.
        
         | elif wrote:
         | I don't think the average fisker or lucid purchaser is willing
         | to do 500V hacking. In fact, I would wager the DIY fisker/lucid
         | community might be less than 6 people.
         | 
         | I admire the spirit but I just don't think hackers will do much
         | with $100k bricks beyond salvage components.
        
           | janosch_123 wrote:
           | Absolutely. But they may be willing to pay someone to swap a
           | component. EV hacking is a small community still, but with
           | more of them on the road every year more and more people get
           | interested. If $100k are turned into a $0 brick and you can
           | turn it back into $100k there is a commercial as well as
           | academic interest there.
        
         | FloatArtifact wrote:
         | I never understood the liability aspect of vehicle repair from
         | a manufacturer's standpoint. The common refrain seems to be
         | that these new vehicles are not serviceable without the
         | dealership/manufacturer. It seems to be a narrative to drive
         | out the owner from repairing vehicle or independent repair
         | facilities.
         | 
         | The liability seems to be the same as historic vehicles, for...
         | vehicle repair. So why is this any different?
         | 
         | The burden of proof is on the manufacturer to prove that a
         | modification caused damage to the vehicle.
        
           | spamizbad wrote:
           | I'm also surprised nobody (well the press and regulators):
           | Why are you allowed to design vehicles whose safety is
           | brittle enough that it can inadvertently undermined by an
           | independent mechanic?
        
           | from-nibly wrote:
           | Yea but the burden of action is on the victim to have a more
           | expensive lawyer so it doesn't matter one way or another.
        
         | teunispeters wrote:
         | CAN bus is in many ways too difficult to encrypt. (not that it
         | can't be, it's just got way too small a packet size). Nothing
         | prevents manufacturers from getting complicated though - eg
         | "knock three times on this ID, then request info from this ID
         | then .....". (example from an old Shadowrun netrunning campaign
         | idea)
         | 
         | I'm working in EV charging domain. EV chargers that comply with
         | ISO 15118-20 may prove difficult to get working once more (due
         | to key signature requirements). Otherwise, all should continue
         | working as long as the charging protocol they use continues to
         | be supported. And that said, the EV charge managing component
         | should be replaceable.
        
         | jauntywundrkind wrote:
         | The 2015 "Jeep Hack" (affected a huge number of Fiat Chrysler
         | cars) was actually one of the coolest moments of hope &
         | inspiration for me. Ok, so the embedded OS isn't linux, but it
         | still runs good old FreeDesktop D-Bus? You can just RPC to the
         | window & tell it to roll down? You can just RPC to the head
         | unit & adjust the volume? Nice.
         | https://www.wired.com/2015/07/hackers-remotely-kill-jeep-hig...
         | 
         | I'd assumed everything was some terrible impenetrably dense
         | proprietary cruft, but oh, the whole system runs some standard
         | well known protocols that would be super super super great &
         | convenient to use, if we had network access to the car? Yeah,
         | nice.
         | 
         | Wouldn't it be so great if someday things actually got better.
         | The "Hack" was, oh, you can engage the parking break if you get
         | network access. Oh no! So the response is that now we for sure
         | will never be empowered useful-to-ourselves consumers again. It
         | sucks that the low-trust society keeps dominating, that it
         | keeps overshadowing the can-do is-possible universe, that
         | making possible is forever dwarfed by Fear Uncertainty and
         | Doubt.
         | 
         | The one really bright spot of the past, in my view, was
         | Webinos, which was a super cool IoT system that had some
         | automotive interest. Notably, unlike most systems, it kept
         | users sovereign, let devices (like cars, or car
         | windows/stereos) expose themselves up to user-specified
         | gateways, securely without intermediaries. Didn't make it, but
         | I have yet to see anyone with 1/5th the promise, with anywhere
         | near as low-ickiness as modern devices.
        
       | shahzaibmushtaq wrote:
       | In the modern world, not everything needs to be connected to the
       | internet or smartphones.
       | 
       | EVs, solar inverters and wrist watches are definitely one of
       | them.
        
         | greenthrow wrote:
         | That's 3 things.
         | 
         | Most people want modern infotainment systems in their cars with
         | up to date traffic data in the navigation system.
         | 
         | I like having my inverter online, I can monitor it and change
         | the settings from anywhere.
        
           | ensignavenger wrote:
           | Eh, I imagine most folks are happy to be able to plug their
           | communications device into their car and use for up to date
           | navigation.
        
       | OptionOfT wrote:
       | This reminds me of a story of a hiker (or 2) who rented a car
       | through one of those apps that immediately unlock the car for
       | you, and then you just park somewhere.
       | 
       | Well, the place they parked had no cell phone reception, so they
       | couldn't unlock the car there and leave (how they locked the car
       | is another question).
       | 
       | From the article
       | 
       | > He also couldn't see his car's mileage and charging status on
       | the dashboard.
       | 
       | I'm assuming this is in the app...
        
         | jlund-molfese wrote:
         | I used Polestar's app as a key for my car for a few weeks. I
         | think everyone does! "Wow! I don't need a car key? So
         | futuristic!"
         | 
         | All it took is one trip to the Salton Sea where either my phone
         | or car didn't get cell service and I'm never making that
         | mistake again. Which is especially weird because Polestar
         | claims that the digital key works using Bluetooth, but the auth
         | itself must be done over the internet or something.
        
           | LUmBULtERA wrote:
           | Does Polestar not give a backup key? I ask because Tesla uses
           | a phone key too, also claiming it will use Bluetooth and does
           | not need connectivity. But, Tesla does advise you to keep
           | their card key backup in your wallet, which always works.
        
           | dzhiurgis wrote:
           | 17 months with a Tesla and I've never been locked out.
           | 
           | Sure I do have to take my phone out of pocket maybe once a
           | month (not unlock screen), but I blame Apple here for going
           | into some weird power saving mode.
           | 
           | This is a solved problem. Problem is Polestar, not the
           | concept.
        
       | saagarjha wrote:
       | I understand (though I'm not super happy about) auxiliary
       | functions like apps or services not working when a car company
       | shuts down. But shouldn't most of this software be "baked into"
       | the car and not require a server somewhere to operate?
        
       | eh_why_not wrote:
       | This issue has been a plague in the area of Toys and Games. Good
       | luck finding a good toy that does not *require* an app to run.
       | 
       | Every year I have little gremlins asking me to "fix" a toy
       | someone brought them the previous year; the app doesn't
       | work/update anymore - and the toy is a brick.
        
       | blooalien wrote:
       | So, is someone missing a great startup idea here maybe?
       | "Jailbreaking" supposedly "defunct" EVs, and / or custom
       | firmwares, etc? Could be profits to be had?
        
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       (page generated 2024-09-08 23:02 UTC)