[HN Gopher] The vagus nerve orchestrates the mind-body connection
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       The vagus nerve orchestrates the mind-body connection
        
       Author : jandrewrogers
       Score  : 171 points
       Date   : 2024-08-30 15:29 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.quantamagazine.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.quantamagazine.org)
        
       | Nav_Panel wrote:
       | I really wish these articles cited more primary sources. I would
       | love (and prefer) to review the empirical work that led to the
       | communicated understanding of these systems.
        
       | ProllyInfamous wrote:
       | I have extracted this (and other) nerves from cadavers, and this
       | circuitous cranial nerve (XII?) is as beautiful and complex as
       | the multibranch _plexus_ -es (e.g. _brachial_ ). So delicate.
       | 
       | Human anatomy, at first glance, often seems wrongly-engineered.
       | After you've worked inside dozens of people, you begin to realize
       | that everybody is unique -- and nobody is "textbook" anatomy. Who
       | knows what all this goop even does?!
       | 
       | If you ever get the chance, I highly recommend this humbling
       | human experience. My hope is that my own cadaver is ripped apart
       | by somebody as crazy/appreciative as me =D
        
         | nojs wrote:
         | How does one get this chance?
        
           | stephenitis wrote:
           | I watched a fullautopsy in a theater high school at the
           | Walter Reed National Military, followed by an open heart
           | surgery. I'm sure there are videos of this. Beware it's a lot
           | they pick apart the human body.
        
           | ProllyInfamous wrote:
           | Multiple options, including: attend medical school; become
           | employed by an anatomy farm.
           | 
           | As for "chance of being hacked apart," anybody can donate
           | their cadaver to science -- most facilities require prior
           | enrollment and will recover the corpse, nationwide.
           | 
           | You might end up sold into scientific experimentation... if
           | you're morbidly obese (e.g.) you won't be used for student
           | anatomy (if you care).
        
           | gojomo wrote:
           | You may be able to find a local community college course that
           | offers free/cheap observation or participation in human
           | cadaver dissection.
           | 
           | This 2022 LessWrong post mentions a $60 5-hour option at the
           | Sf Bay Area's Merritt College (in Oakland):
           | 
           | https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/5PBWgHiCiiJHjPRSn/what-
           | it-s-...
        
         | RoboTeddy wrote:
         | > My hope is that my own cadaver is ripped apart by somebody as
         | crazy/appreciative as me =D
         | 
         | https://meded.ucsf.edu/willed-body-program :)
        
         | ViktorRay wrote:
         | It's interesting you mention
         | 
         | "Nobody is textbook anatomy"
         | 
         | I know you're exaggerating for poetic effect but this might
         | actually be true in some parts of the human anatomy.
         | 
         | For example the description of the anatomy of vessels and
         | anastomoses around the knee...I have had a professor tell me
         | that the standard anatomical descriptions for this might all
         | essentially be fiction. Basically the variation in some of
         | these vessels over there is so high that the standard
         | anatomical textbook description might be wrong.
         | 
         | That being said maybe the professor was wrong. I don't know.
         | But it was an interesting thing to think about.
        
           | devilbunny wrote:
           | No, really: nobody has completely textbook anatomy.
           | 
           | Think of it like those blended-face photos. Anatomy books
           | describe that.
        
             | cosignal wrote:
             | Some people wonder why the use of 'AI' in pathology is not
             | more effective, and this is part of the reason.
        
         | breck wrote:
         | > If you ever get the chance, I highly recommend this humbling
         | human experience.
         | 
         | Not as good as doing your own dissection, but a million times
         | better than an anatomy book is visiting a plastination exhibit:
         | 
         | https://breckyunits.com/ketoneMap.html
        
         | catoc wrote:
         | Nervus vagus is X - the tenth cranial nerve
        
         | Sysreq2 wrote:
         | This reminds me of a conversation I was having recently about
         | genetically engineering humans. I think people are greatly
         | underestimating the complexity of the human body and it's
         | nature mechanisms of adaptation. Everyone is a little different
         | - but that's okay because all the little feedback loops and
         | receptor sites account for changes. Like a drug addict needing
         | more and more to get their fix. There isn't just one variable
         | we can adjust to really solve most problems. You have to look
         | at the entire web of interconnected systems and modulate how
         | each of them work together. We sort of take it all for granted
         | since life is so abundant, but it's truly nothing short of
         | miraculous.
        
       | loceng wrote:
       | My vagus nerves were constantly being compressed until roughly 4
       | months ago, when I had bilateral Eagle's syndrome surgeries -
       | Eagle's syndrome a hardening, calcification-ossification of
       | ligaments that connect from the styloid process and wrap around
       | the neck connecting to front of throat; I had played American
       | football for all of high school and most likely the cause from
       | reptitive injuries/trauma to the tissues.
       | 
       | Well, this understanding, if true, could help explain why the
       | severe-debilitating pain level I've had would very easily cause
       | me to get completely lost in the pain - where I couldn't get my
       | mind going, couldn't focus past the pain, would be lost and fully
       | distracted by the pain if I didn't 1) keep my activity level as
       | low as possible (even slight movement of my neck would strongly
       | worsen the symptoms of Eagle's syndrome, particular to the right
       | - a commonly described symptom that one side is much worse), and
       | 2) if I had had any inflammatory foods during the prior 2-3 days
       | or 5 days if dairy.
       | 
       | Now my struggle is, now that my nervous system isn't so
       | interfered with with my vagus nerves' signaling no longer being
       | interfered with - my nervous system is working far stronger now,
       | so I feel the remaining few areas of pain far more strongly - and
       | along with that emotionally the experience is far harder as well,
       | far more aggravating; and I arguably no longer get as easily lost
       | in the pain anymore, but now that I am more often connected to my
       | mind, the remaining more strongly experienced pain is more
       | constantly disruptive - whereby the disconnect otherwise was
       | arguably a sort of coping mechanism; being lost in pain is not
       | fun, but at least then routine could act as a functonal crutch.
       | 
       | The biggest problem now though is it is even more difficult to
       | get my mind focused on a specific task that I need to get done,
       | having had severe executive dysfunction that had slowly been
       | improving over the years as I played whack-a-mole to knock out
       | the next strongest sources of pain - but now trying to organize
       | and get together what's needed to book next diagnostics for next
       | likely needed treatments to get last 2-3 major-excruciating
       | remaining pain sources has been so difficult now, the uphill
       | battle has turned into a steep cliff; the biggest problem is I am
       | in Canada, Ontario specifically, and the knowledge and
       | competency-critical thinking here is absolutely abysmal - where
       | I've had to spend likely now over $800,000 for medical treatments
       | in the US over the last ~8 years, and now struggling to find
       | competent dentists - made worse by a dentist 1+ year ago - lastly
       | being bounced around I think to 5 different dentists now the past
       | 3 months.
       | 
       | My story is more complex than this however. My issues with pain
       | only started after "successful" LASIK eye surgery ~12 years ago
       | caused my nervous system to get overwhelmed - causing central
       | sensitization - was the tipping point or the "final straw that
       | broke the camel's back." Prior to LASIK my mind could handle
       | suppressing whatever underlying pain the injuries and nerve
       | compressions I had; so there is definitely a factor of
       | compounding and arguably amplification (along with hyperalgesia,
       | a hyperesensitivity to pain) between different the eyes and the
       | rest of the body-brain.
       | 
       | I'm at my wit's end, and as pain has localized, unmasking the
       | remaining pain sources more strongly, it appears there's a
       | possibility while LASIK may have been the impetus - it may have
       | been the teeth damage-specific teeth pain but overall bite
       | occlusion causing severe sensitization via disruption of my
       | reflexes-autonomous nervous system, essentially TMJ-TMD but only
       | problems runaway guarding-muscle spasming that's compressing
       | nerves - and then perhaps TMJ-TMD guarding compounding with the
       | Eagle's syndromes; and then perhaps also with the corneal damage
       | that happens in 100% of LASIK surgeries, of which there is
       | nothing more I can try to reduce that as a source of pain.
        
         | evrimoztamur wrote:
         | I have a story about as long in text but not in duration.
         | Nonetheless, I was unaware of a neck injury for about four
         | years, then I got an MRI. Orthopedist suggested seeing a brain
         | surgeon as soon as possible, and luckily the one I found
         | suggested immediately that surgery for my young age was no
         | option.
         | 
         | I ended up getting corrective soles and a mouth guard, and with
         | the mouth guard specifically, I _immediately_ went from 100% to
         | 30% pain, and still recovering.
         | 
         | The nervous system and the interconnectedness of our bodies is
         | impeccable. Throughout my recovery I learned so much about my
         | own bodily systems. I recommend everybody, especially desk-
         | jobbers, to see a qualified orthodontist for their chronic
         | neck/shoulder/back pains. You will be surprised what you find
         | out about the damage, and how fast recovery might come.
        
           | devin wrote:
           | Orthodontist or orthopedist?
        
             | chucksmash wrote:
             | It reads like a typo, but given their pain was ameliorated
             | by using a mouth guard, they meant what they said:
             | orthodontist.
        
           | yunohn wrote:
           | This is very interesting, could you detail the connection
           | between insoles and mouth guards to your neck/brain injury?
        
         | password4321 wrote:
         | Thank you for sharing your story; I'm sorry you are suffering.
         | I'll lead with this quote and ask that you please feel free to
         | ignore the following links:
         | 
         | 2020 https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=24947498 How to deal
         | with extreme physical pain
         | 
         | > _I don 't want your advice on how to make the pain go away or
         | to deal with it_
         | 
         | --
         | 
         | Over the years on HN there have been discussions mentioning the
         | work of two pain specialists focused on the mind-body
         | connection: John Sarno's "Healing Back Pain: The Mind-Body
         | Connection" (1991) or "The Mindbody Prescription" (1999) and
         | more recently Bessel van der Kolk's "The Body Keeps the Score"
         | (2015). I don't have enough personal experience to contribute
         | any opinions on these resources, but I wanted to make sure you
         | were able to review the recent discussions at these links,
         | along with more anecdotes of the techniques working for many:
         | 
         | Comments mentioning Sarno (useful for finding similar entire
         | discussions):
         | https://hn.algolia.com?query=%22sarno%22&sort=byDate&type=co...
         | 
         | 2024 https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40744983#40746172
         | Walking to combat back pain (Sarno)
         | 
         | 2024 https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39324820 What is
         | trauma? The author of "The Body Keeps the Score" explains
         | [video] (Kolk)
         | 
         | 2022 Alan Gordon's "The Way Out: A Revolutionary,
         | Scientifically Proven Approach to Healing Chronic Pain" per
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38214915#38219120
         | 
         | > _a more up to date book with actual science to back up what
         | you described_
         | 
         | 2017 Sarno documentary trailer:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6JVDj2rEOas
         | 
         | 2016 counterpoint (but see comments):
         | https://slatestarcodex.com/2016/06/26/book-review-unlearn-yo...
         | 
         | 2005 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16483114/ "Debunking myths
         | about trauma and memory" per
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40705079#40717901
        
         | computerdork wrote:
         | My story is very similar. Have had tons of pain and muscle
         | related problems for decades - played a ton of sports like you
         | when i was a kid, and did a lot of physical risk-taking too
         | (skateboarding, bmx-style biking taking them off jump-ramps...)
         | and also had lots of injuries.
         | 
         | On top of chronic pain, I had (and still have but is greatly
         | reduced) muscle clenching on the left side of my body - for
         | some reason my body on the left side is clenching up, with this
         | constant pulling on my head, pulling down and to the left. I
         | also have severe TMJ, again on the left, and constant headache,
         | light sensitivity, difficulty focusing and fatigue. It was
         | truly horrible - imagine going through life with an extremely
         | strong pull on your head and body. Your posture is messed up so
         | physically, you look like a wreck, and sitting is painful as is
         | standing. Also, you are just fighting this pull every second of
         | the day. It never ends and you constantly have to think about
         | it and ways to reduce the pull and the pain.
         | 
         | I worked with physical therapists and orthopedists for decades
         | to try to figure out what was going on, but nothing worked. So
         | about 8 years ago (I'm 50 now, so it was around my 42
         | birthday), I finally realized that I needed to look beyond the
         | obvious causes of these types of problems, and explore almost
         | everything, really ramping up the number and types of doctors I
         | was seeing. Saw many types of docs: pain specialists, TMJ docs,
         | gastroenterologists, ENT's (I have throat tightening and
         | stomach issues too), neurologists...
         | 
         | Eventually, like you, found that many of my issues were from
         | compressed nerves. And yeah, it's a struggle for you and the
         | docs to find the right ones, but once you do, it makes a big
         | difference. I'm not 100%, but I'd say I'm 60% there, and it's
         | definitely changed my life, and is visible both physically and
         | socially.
         | 
         | Of course, every person's body and causes of health-problems is
         | different, so what helped for me may not help for you, but
         | seems like you're on the right path. Keep searching, and would
         | suggest being scientific about the process (this really helped
         | me). I may write about my experience one day, so if you have
         | any questions, let me know. And best of luck
        
           | adaptbrian wrote:
           | Please don't take this the wrong way but I'm very curious if
           | either of you have heavily modified your diet in an effort to
           | remove part of the pain cycle? A low inflammatory diet might
           | help from my own personal experience with diabolical pain.
        
       | xyst wrote:
       | Human body is very flawed. Damage to this nerve can result in
       | systemic failure. When are we going to get an update? Evolution,
       | pls fix!1
        
         | moffkalast wrote:
         | Maybe we can replace it with a CAN bus. Or PCI express.
         | 
         | https://xkcd.com/644
        
         | conradev wrote:
         | My favorite bugs are the ones that are too low priority to fix,
         | like this one:
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photic_sneeze_reflex
         | 
         | The exact pathophysiology is still unknown but it's a variation
         | on "the nose nerves and the optic nerve are too close together"
        
           | chucksmash wrote:
           | The joy of explaining your sneezes every time you see a
           | bright light during cold/flu/pandemic season.
           | 
           | I'm surprised to see it affects 20+% of the population
           | because I've never met anyone who knew what I was talking
           | about when I said "sorry, light makes me sneeze"
        
             | bl0b wrote:
             | Ha! I have it too. Doesn't feel like 20% but we're out here
        
       | ilrwbwrkhv wrote:
       | Has anybody tried vagus nerve stimulation? I tried it but didn't
       | get anywhere much.
        
         | nprateem wrote:
         | Some kinds of meditation stimulate it. I've tried those.
         | 
         | Where did you hope to get?
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | Not GP, but there is
           | 
           | https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-athletes-
           | way/201...
           | 
           | Not sure if this is a good idea though.
        
       | fsckboy wrote:
       | > _The vagus nerve orchestrates the mind-body connection_
       | 
       | if it does, then the vagus nerve orchestrates the _brain-body_
       | connection.
       | 
       | the mind-body problem, or if you prefer the mind-brain problem,
       | remains unsolved. and apparently, mind-brain confusion persists
       | as well.
        
       | howmayiannoyyou wrote:
       | After almost everything else failed I tried VNS for Restless Leg
       | Syndrome. Didn't work either. Really had high hopes for it.
        
       | ionwake wrote:
       | Story of a friend . Working 7 day weeks , big deadline. Poop.
       | Faint. wtf? Job ends. Years later never happens again.
       | 
       | Working 7 days a week makes your vagus nerve sensitive and under
       | stress can shut you down as a defence mechanism.
       | 
       | Never knew this, have always advised friends to be very careful
       | when under stress for long periods of time.
        
       | poszlem wrote:
       | Just a random "vagus nerve story". A while back, I started having
       | weird heart flutters that turned out to be extra heartbeats
       | (doctors call them PVCs and PACs). Sometimes I'd be fine for days
       | or even weeks, but then they'd come back pretty bad. After a bit,
       | I noticed these flutters were linked to what I ate, which seemed
       | really strange. I couldn't figure out how my food could make my
       | heart skip beats. I saw a bunch of heart doctors for almost a
       | year before I found one who knew what was up. He told me I had
       | something called "gastrocardiac syndrome." Apparently, not many
       | heart doctors know about it. It's basically when acid reflux in
       | your stomach messes with the vagus nerve. The doctor gave me some
       | medicine to stop the acid (PPIs), and just like that, my weird
       | heartbeats went away completely.
        
         | BaculumMeumEst wrote:
         | This has to be super common. My wife and I both are acutely
         | aware of acid reflux causing flutters and other weirdness.
         | During her pregnancy it got worse, and after a full cardiac
         | workup her doctor's best guess was interaction w/ the vagus
         | nerve.
        
       | clarkrinker wrote:
       | I was looking for research papers for the 9 non invasive vagus
       | stimulators I get ads for on instagram.
       | 
       | Anyone have success with these for anxiety/depression
        
         | hi41 wrote:
         | Art Of Living's course 1 Sudarshan Kriya offers breathing
         | course which activates the vagus nerve. I have attended this
         | course. It claims to reduce anxiety, depression and addiction.
         | I have not practiced it regularly. Sorry to say that.
         | 
         | Here is that article:
         | 
         | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3573542/
         | 
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_of_Living_Foundation
         | 
         | I hope this helps. I wish you good luck on your journey to good
         | mental health.
        
       | pedalpete wrote:
       | Though we have an understanding of what the Vagus nerve does, and
       | I think this article misses that it is involved in both calming
       | and stimulating the para-sympathic nervous system (someone
       | correct me if I'm wrong), but the challenge with any of the
       | "therapies" that apparently stimulate the vagus never is that we
       | can't measure the vagus never directly, and are therefore making
       | assumptions that this is the pathway these therapies are taking.
       | 
       | I had built a "vagus nerve stimulation app" a while back which
       | used vibration to enhance calm. I did some measurements comparing
       | this vibrating stimulation to neurofeedback with a Muse device,
       | and the results seemed positive, but because we couldn't say
       | specifically which mechanism was being triggered, and that it
       | wasn't more than just "listening to calm music", we didn't pursue
       | it.
        
       | reallyeli wrote:
       | "Orchestrates?" Seems a little vague-us.
        
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