[HN Gopher] The Triple Failure of 2U, EdX, and Axim
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The Triple Failure of 2U, EdX, and Axim
        
       Author : raybb
       Score  : 224 points
       Date   : 2024-08-27 00:34 UTC (22 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.classcentral.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.classcentral.com)
        
       | jollofricepeas wrote:
       | What a great write up!
       | 
       | The EdX brand was amazing. It's sad what it's become.
       | 
       | I don't know too much about classcentral but I hope that the blog
       | post was written in the interest of seeing MOOCs thrive.
        
         | raybb wrote:
         | I've been following classcentral for a few years. They make
         | money from affiliate commissions but as far as I can tell it
         | hasn't stopped them from producing decent quality coverage of
         | the MOOC industry. I like their occasional writeups of new
         | MOOCs coming out though it's been a while since I took one
         | because I'm currently wrapping up a full time masters.
        
       | orsenthil wrote:
       | Excellent write up, Dhawal Shah. You have been bringing the
       | happenings of the MOOC world to general public in a very good
       | way.
        
       | lupire wrote:
       | EdX sold for $800M and is running an open platform?
       | 
       | Sounds like it was incredibly successful.
        
       | yieldcrv wrote:
       | > In 2021, the unprofitable 2U bought edX, an unprofitable non-
       | profit, for a staggering $800 million
       | 
       | How do you sell a non-profit?
       | 
       | Or, more specifically, how do you purchase to gain control?
       | 
       | Board members aren't supposed to sell board seats or do anything
       | for self enrichment
        
         | red_phone wrote:
         | I don't know how this transaction went down, but it's very
         | likely they didn't purchase the organization itself, but rather
         | its assets. The surviving organization would then dispose of
         | the resulting cash in a mission-oriented fashion and shutdown
         | thereafter.
        
           | yieldcrv wrote:
           | Yeah, the article's phrasing makes it ambiguous
           | 
           | I like that non profits can be asset stripped, I just
           | wouldn't call the thing sold to be a non-profit
        
         | ethbr1 wrote:
         | I gather that non-profit board membership doesn't pay very
         | well.
         | 
         | Consequently, when the non-profit in question has something
         | valuable (like market share or branding), there are some
         | misaligned incentives.
        
           | jrochkind1 wrote:
           | Board members at a non-profit cannot profit from sales of
           | corporate assets. if that's what you mean.
        
             | ethbr1 wrote:
             | There's direct payments, and then there's the infinite
             | number of ways to receive indirect compensation.
        
               | jrochkind1 wrote:
               | I suppose it's possible a non-profit board member is
               | taking illegal/fraudulent kickbacks. Quite an accusation
               | though. i guess there are "misaligned incentives" if a
               | board member is willing to act illegally or fraudulently.
        
               | grobbyy wrote:
               | It's not quite an accusation but mainstream practice.
               | Agarwal, in the early days, earned more than everyone
               | else combined, and took credit for the work of others.
               | After the sale, he was offered a coushy job at 2U.
               | 
               | Funneling nonprofit money into private pockets is like an
               | art at MIT. How many professors are millionaires? How
               | many would be without MIT?
        
               | yieldcrv wrote:
               | thats not what's necessary at all
               | 
               | non profit salaries of board members can be extremely
               | high, the aggregate reporting on this is poor despite the
               | public filings, as the filings say the same things in
               | wildly different ways
               | 
               | I think the weirdest meme in the non profit world is how
               | many act poor, or actually are undercompensated, but the
               | answer to why is "its a non profit soo...." as opposed to
               | "the board chooses to underpay me soo..."
               | 
               | additionally, many things can be done with assets. even
               | if a non profit does not directly buy a board member's
               | investments, it can use its funds to pump that
               | investment. for example, buy 2 houses on the board
               | member's block at inflated prices, so the board member
               | can sell their own house at a huge profit. can do the
               | same with anything especially illiquid things like art
               | with small float. can do it with small stocks that are
               | easy to pump too. can do it with crypto that wont be
               | scrutinized for pumping. as long as the transactions
               | aren't directly to the restricted party it meets all
               | regulations.
        
         | ahazred8ta wrote:
         | Harvard and MIT sold the assets to 2U; the money was rolled
         | over into a new nonprofit:
         | 
         | https://www.insidehighered.com/news/tech-innovation/digital-...
         | - They put $80M into edX and got back $800M.
        
           | fastball wrote:
           | Yep, definitely 2U's $800M mistake, not Harvard and MIT. They
           | made off like bandits.
        
             | michaelt wrote:
             | Many universities like to claim that their mission is to
             | educate the next generation of citizens and leaders, rather
             | than to make off like bandits.
             | 
             | Some would call it a failure to uphold that mission, even
             | if it was good for their bank balance.
        
         | jefftk wrote:
         | _The original non-profit edX sold its brand and most assets to
         | 2U. The remaining non-profit entity was temporarily renamed
         | "The Center for Reimagining Learning." Last year, this
         | organization was officially named Axim Collaborative and
         | appointed a new CEO. ... Axim appears to have become primarily
         | a grant-giving organization. Besides supporting Open edX,
         | there's little evidence of using its "substantial resources"
         | for innovation as initially promised. ... Axim's current assets
         | exceed the total amount edX spent during its entire non-profit
         | phase._
         | 
         | A nonprofit built something, sold it for a lot more than it
         | cost to create it, and now has the cash which it is legally
         | required to spend furthering its mission. This seems generally
         | reasonable to me, though of course Axim may end up spending its
         | millions poorly.
        
           | yieldcrv wrote:
           | Thanks! That's pretty cool and practical
           | 
           | I could have thought of selling some assets, I didn't think
           | of selling even the _name_ of the non profit and just
           | renaming the old one
           | 
           | It is funny that the original one now has cash that it doesnt
           | spend after years of high churn, I'll check out its non
           | profit tax filings
        
           | ahazred8ta wrote:
           | A good summary, although The Crimson is not happy with the
           | results of the deal:
           | 
           | https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2024/2/23/climaco-
           | harvard...
        
             | yieldcrv wrote:
             | Now they have the opportunity to buy it back from the for-
             | profit in bankruptcy proceedings
        
               | tourmalinetaco wrote:
               | Honestly? It would be a hilarious turn of events. I hope
               | they do it and use the remaining money to revitalize
               | their offerings and infrastructure.
        
               | raybb wrote:
               | Isn't that kinda what happened with gumroad?
        
       | manav wrote:
       | Wouldn't it be 2U's $800M mistake?
        
         | ClarityJones wrote:
         | Or, perhaps the lender(s).
        
       | wrentopher wrote:
       | Worked for 2U. It was the most incomprehensibly incompetent place
       | you could imagine. Terrible people with zero real skills all
       | backstabbing each other.
        
         | cjbgkagh wrote:
         | This sounds increasingly common in US corp culture, it was
         | reasonably common when I worked there (when times were good)
         | but perhaps now even more so.
        
         | hilux wrote:
         | I interviewed a few years ago. Did not get an offer. It all
         | seemed very white, a very salesy culture, and with very
         | inflated titles.
        
           | zo1 wrote:
           | How would you feel if I complained about a company being a
           | bit "too brown"? Since when did we normalize this subtle
           | racism towards white people?
        
             | 2-3-7-43-1807 wrote:
             | i think he's referring to the collar (not the skin) as in
             | white collar work vs blue or brown collar.
        
               | zo1 wrote:
               | Valid point - if that was the intention then my bad, bit
               | of an overreaction.
        
               | whamlastxmas wrote:
               | I really don't think this is the case
        
             | hilux wrote:
             | The US is a white-majority country where the power and
             | money are disproportionately in the hands of white people.
             | 
             | When a company (in education!) that makes lots of noise
             | about diversity obviously favors hiring white people, it's
             | noteworthy.
             | 
             | If we were in some brown-majority country where white
             | people were excluded from money and power, yes, that would
             | be noteworthy. Call it out! The US, despite what Trump
             | tells his MAGA followers, is not that country.
        
             | whamlastxmas wrote:
             | For a workplace to be very white means they are self-
             | selecting whiteness for their employees instead of hiring
             | in a way that gives equal opportunity to all people. In
             | other words, they have (probably unconscious but still
             | inexcusable) racism in their hiring practices. Reasonable
             | people would agree this is a bad thing.
        
         | sho wrote:
         | > Terrible people with zero real skills all backstabbing each
         | other.
         | 
         | You know, without you saying another word, I feel like I know
         | them, down to being able to describe their clothes, haircuts
         | and of course powerpoint decks. It's like some bad business
         | school archetype that just re-appears by itself in nature.
        
       | fsckboy wrote:
       | 2U's due diligence might have missed that they weren't getting
       | Walter Lewin's popular material, he's not bankrupt, still going
       | strong!!
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/@lecturesbywalterlewin.they9259/vide...
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wWnfJ0-xXRE&list=PLyQSN7X0ro...
        
         | grobbyy wrote:
         | 2U did no due diligence. A minimum might have been to contact
         | the author of the platform to check on IP issues (or anything
         | else). This never happened. Lots of other things never happened
         | either.
         | 
         | What they bought had little resemblance to what they thought
         | they were buying. They got fleeced by MIT and Harvard. Wasn't
         | the first and won't be the last.
         | 
         | There's a sucker born every minute
        
       | ecshafer wrote:
       | I don't really like how any of the MOOCs run, and I think my
       | issue is that they are not run like universities, they are run
       | like job training centers. They all have the _Same_ courses and
       | the _same_ degrees. Other than a few actual schools like Georgia
       | Tech with OMSCS which actually seems to be trying to innovate to
       | give degrees online at a fraction of the on-campus cost, they
       | also don 't seem to be trying to actually give degrees.
       | 
       | A successful MOOC in my mind isn't one that will have some
       | credits for an online certification for programming or nursing
       | that can transfer to a _Real school_. A successful MOOC is one
       | where I can take a course on Ulysses or Semantics or Mathematics
       | or Plato or whatever just like I could in a real undergrad, but
       | without the same financial and time constraints. I want to be
       | able to spend $5000 taking classes that I find interesting, and
       | accidentally have an English degree Or spend $5000 and really
       | focus and get my degree in X.
        
         | a2tech wrote:
         | Well I can tell you that the university of Michigan has exactly
         | what you want. And the professors teach the same class in
         | person as well as online (with some modification to fit the
         | format).
        
         | derbOac wrote:
         | > my issue is that they are not run like universities, they are
         | run like job training centers
         | 
         | I think part of the tricky thing is that this is what
         | HR/employer/MBA-type cultures increasingly see a degree as. So
         | why not just go right to that?
         | 
         | I don't agree with this perspective, to be clear, but if you
         | look at it from a certain viewpoint it's not too difficult to
         | see why there would be pressure to approach with that tack. You
         | might even go a step further and argue that if these things are
         | failing as the article states, it might say something about the
         | viability of that hyperspecialized perspective on degrees. Or
         | maybe not.
        
         | mu53 wrote:
         | I think the only reason this doesn't happen is economics. If
         | someone were to "fix" the education system and start giving out
         | bachelors for less money, the value of bachelors degrees would
         | go down. In part, because more people would have them, but also
         | because schools have systems to prevent abuse such as fraud.
         | 
         | If you just want to take a class, there are plenty of MOOCs
         | that give the lectures, exercises, and tests out for free.
         | 
         | Another reason is that different universities may emphasize
         | different things as part of the curriculum. Lets say a
         | philosophy degree at harvard emphasizes Greek philosophers, but
         | a philosophy degree at UT emphasizes post modern philosophers.
         | Taking a class at one doesn't transfer to another. Mixing
         | classes at different universities simply doesn't work because
         | you weren't educated at the university so why should you get a
         | degree from that university?
         | 
         | The way I see it is that if you just want to get educated the
         | resources are out there, but if you want degree, you gotta go
         | to school.
        
           | nine_k wrote:
           | Obtaining a degree should be a separate optional examination,
           | likely on-site, like other extern examinations.
           | 
           | But receiving lectures and coursework equivalent / comparable
           | to those received by regular students, such that would
           | realistically prepare you to passing the same kind of exam
           | (given adequate study effort from you), would be actually
           | useful. Useful even if you don't take the exam and don't
           | receive credits / papers. Study is not for costly signaling
           | alone.
        
             | mu53 wrote:
             | I agree that the education system would be better with this
             | kind of arrangement, but it doesn't happen because of
             | economics and american independence.
             | 
             | What certifying body would administer the exam? A
             | university that would miss out on $30,000 to $200,000+ on a
             | student attending classes? A government institution
             | influenced by politics that would likely end up creating
             | inadequate testing leading to irrelevant examinations
             | disregarded by most employers or anyone of substance?
             | 
             | The only reason why exams work for trades is because it is
             | very well defined what a plumber needs to know. Even for
             | software engineers, certificates are useless for most
             | because what engineers need to know is rather abstract or
             | highly dependent from job to job
        
         | csomar wrote:
         | If you can take the same degree for $5K instead of $50K, no one
         | will be taking the $50K degree. Most people go to university
         | for the credentials of the university.
        
           | fragmede wrote:
           | For the wealthy, University degrees might just be a Veblen
           | good.
           | 
           | It might be the "same", but there will be people that judge
           | them for getting the cheap one.
        
             | nine_k wrote:
             | $5k is for education, $45k is for campus life with
             | offspring of the right families. May be a good deal from a
             | purely rational standpoint.
        
             | csomar wrote:
             | If they are the same, there shouldn't be any difference
             | between the two issued. It'd be possible to know only by
             | asking the candidate.
        
         | insane_dreamer wrote:
         | > Other than a few actual schools like Georgia Tech with OMSCS
         | which actually seems to be trying to innovate to give degrees
         | online at a fraction of the on-campus cost, they also don't
         | seem to be trying to actually give degrees.
         | 
         | that's because selective universities don't _want_ to give
         | degrees through MOOCs at a lower cost as it 1) reduces the
         | value of their degrees, and 2) reduces their reputation.
         | 
         | Top universities could easily increase their student body 2x or
         | 3x, bringing acceptance rate back up to 15%-20%. But they don't
         | want to. Because what they're selling is not just an education
         | (you can get that at (fill in blank) State), they're selling
         | prestige and future opportunities, and the value of that lies
         | in its _scarcity_.
        
           | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
           | > Because what they're selling is not just an education (you
           | can get that at (fill in blank) State), they're selling
           | prestige and future opportunities.
           | 
           | Obvious follow up: Are there state universities using these
           | techniques to drive down costs and be more flexible?
        
             | sologoub wrote:
             | The community college system does a good deal here. As an
             | example in California, students can get a great deal of
             | their undergrad lower division work done at a community
             | college for a fraction of even UC or State university cost
             | (which for instate students is already fairly low).
             | 
             | Community colleges are also where folks would normally turn
             | to for casual the classes they wanted to take but didn't
             | necessarily want the formalities of the full degree. Online
             | delivery of there helped further but vs MOOCs, CC has
             | geographic and residency restrictions for who can actually
             | study there.
        
             | jacoblambda wrote:
             | There definitely are state schools that work hard to drive
             | costs down for in-state students.
             | 
             | Florida is weirdly enough a good example as the sunshine
             | state scholars program provides a reasonably approachable
             | way for any student in the state to enter high school with
             | the intent on going to university and graduate with the
             | criteria to get 50%, 75%, or 100% tuition and fees covered
             | under the sunshine state scholars program.
             | 
             | Then you have states like Virginia who have some of the
             | fastest rising costs of attendance in the country and where
             | cost of attendance at state schools (which are generally
             | supposed to be cheaper) actually ends up being comparable
             | or even more than cost of attendance at private
             | universities.
        
             | razakel wrote:
             | The Open University in the UK is one example, and has been
             | around since 1969.
        
             | insane_dreamer wrote:
             | Community colleges for sure -- I would argue they have
             | taken up the mantle of truly educating, especially those
             | from lower income brackets, and are free for lower income
             | students in many states. They also have good transfer
             | pathways to a four-year university. It's by far the most
             | affordable way to get a bachelor's degree.
             | 
             | Some flagship state schools (example [0]) offer free
             | tuition for lower income students providing they maintain a
             | certain GPA.
             | 
             | But middle class families have a hard time as they are
             | usually above the threshold for aid, and yet tuition (and
             | housing) is a huge financial burden.
             | 
             | [0] https://pathway.uoregon.edu/award-overview
        
             | ericjmorey wrote:
             | The State of New York is offering free tuition at any SUNY
             | school for all students who reside in the state with
             | incomes up to $125,000 for dependent students; $60,000 for
             | married students with no dependents; $30,000 for
             | independent single students with no dependents.
             | 
             | This will make a huge difference in the market for degrees.
        
             | zzma wrote:
             | Oregon State has a large offering of online undergrad and
             | grad programs: https://ecampus.oregonstate.edu/. There were
             | 11,430 ecampus students in Fall 2023 [1].
             | 
             | The ecampus tuition (~13K/year) is still substantial
             | compared to the in-person tuition for out-of-state students
             | (~38K/year), and nearly identical to the in-person tuition
             | for in-state students (~14K/year) [2].
             | 
             | [1] https://ecampus.oregonstate.edu/news/2023-ecampus-
             | enrollment... [2]
             | https://financialaid.oregonstate.edu/cost-attendance
        
           | pknomad wrote:
           | > that's because selective universities don't _want_ to give
           | degrees through MOOCs at a lower cost
           | 
           | That's one big reason for sure.
           | 
           | The other, I suspect (and I'm sure there are more), is that
           | it's also rather difficult to provide the same level of
           | quality of courses to the masses than say select few
           | undergrads.
           | 
           | Some of the best courses I took in my uni (T20) were the
           | upper level electives where it was taught by the professors
           | who cared about the topic, had interesting teaching
           | materials/presentation, readily available support resources
           | (TA's/office hours/department support), and so on.
           | 
           | Also keep in mind - Georgia Tech's program is a master's
           | degree - and these programs don't affront the same level of
           | prestige and opportunities in the same way the other programs
           | do (BS/BA, PhD, MBA, MD, JD).
        
             | insane_dreamer wrote:
             | > it's also rather difficult to provide the same level of
             | quality of courses to the masses than say select few
             | undergrads.
             | 
             | I agree
             | 
             | > master's degree - and these programs don't affront the
             | same level of prestige and opportunities in the same way
             | the other programs do (BS/BA, PhD, MBA, MD, JD).
             | 
             | I'd throw MBA in there too (unless from the top dozen biz
             | schools, Stanford, Harvard, Wharton, Booth, Kellogg, Sloan,
             | Haas etc.)
        
           | doctorpangloss wrote:
           | > that's because selective universities don't _want_ to give
           | degrees through MOOCs at a lower cost as it 1) reduces the
           | value of their degrees, and 2) reduces their reputation.
           | 
           | Huh? Many selective universities already make their
           | educations free for many undergraduates.
           | 
           | The MOOCs charged money because they failed to solicit
           | donations.
           | 
           | > Top universities could easily increase their student body
           | 2x or 3x, bringing acceptance rate back up to 15%-20%.
           | 
           | This is true.
           | 
           | > Because what they're selling is not just an education (you
           | can get that at (fill in blank) State)
           | 
           | The thing is, the best state institutions are operated like
           | there are small elite academies within a larger, public body.
        
             | insane_dreamer wrote:
             | > already make their educations free
             | 
             | yes, but not their _degrees_, which is what I said. Sure,
             | Harvard can give all of its classes online away for free,
             | why? Because the actual value you get from attending
             | Harvard is not the education. When you go to get a job,
             | company X doesn't care that you "took some classes at
             | Harvard", they do care that you "graduated from Harvard".
        
           | ta_1138 wrote:
           | It's also important to see university departments as groups
           | of people who often will end up working together for decades,
           | and therefore leadership will see internal politics
           | everywhere. What does doubling your student body do to said
           | politics? Better to minimize growth and keep people happy
           | than deal with the risks of what happens when you end up with
           | far more staff.
           | 
           | A lot of similar fun is occurring as the all the student body
           | that isn't trust fund babies really wants to study topics
           | that will pay well, which in many universities, might not
           | even have a lot of political weight, or even their own dean.
           | See all the universities where you can end up taking CS
           | classes in 8 different unrelated departments, but where they
           | really, really don't want to admit that 50%+ of the student
           | body is programming, as building a proper umbrella for this,
           | which then has so many students, takes a lot of power away
           | from incumbents.
        
             | insane_dreamer wrote:
             | These universities have turned from "growing our mission of
             | education" (in which, wouldn't you want the largest number
             | of people possible to benefit from some of the best minds
             | in the world who work for you?) to "sustaining our
             | business".
        
         | Edman274 wrote:
         | How do you inexpensively scale the personalized work done by
         | professors and TAs in grading your work, making sure you're not
         | cheating or plagiarizing, and clarifying your misunderstandings
         | when you're not "getting" the educational material? If a firm
         | hires someone with a degree, what they're paying for is knowing
         | that a person actually learned the material, which requires
         | human intervention to do grading and to prevent cheating. That
         | costs a lot of money, because technological innovations don't
         | really make the grading or cheating prevention any cheaper.
         | Education is the prototypical example of an industry affected
         | by Baumol's cost disease.
         | 
         | The cheapest part to scale is the educational material and
         | lectures, but that's always been the case, even before MOOCs.
         | It has been possible for more than a century to go a library
         | for free and get access to more educational material than one
         | person could read in a several lifetimes. What has never been
         | cheap are teachers who care, and I don't think that MOOCs can
         | technologically innovate so much so that they reduce the cost
         | of a teacher that cares.
        
           | tourmalinetaco wrote:
           | I do think, however, that what they _can_ leverage is
           | community, having more sociable spaces for interactions
           | related to each course and /or more generally. I understand
           | some already do, but I feel like in the few classes I have
           | tried through EdX they were not utilized well.
        
             | newaccount74 wrote:
             | why can't online universities have TAs like real
             | universities? Pay for a course, have someone who completed
             | some more advanced course grade your work or provide one-
             | on-one feedback!
        
         | hilux wrote:
         | I worked in this field - I've met Anant, John Katzman, and
         | Bonnie Ferri. The MOOCs (and any well-run university, probably
         | the minority) have excellent data on what classes students want
         | to take.
         | 
         | Well over 90% of the searches on their site are for tech-
         | related topics. And most of the remainder are probably for
         | business.
         | 
         | You can fantasize about a USA where people want to read Plato
         | and accidentally get English degrees. I also think that would
         | be great. In our current reality, only the trust-fund kids, who
         | already know they never need to work, will want to pay for
         | that. (I mean, their dad or grandpa is the one paying.)
        
           | rebolek wrote:
           | I get your point. Paid school is problem and people should be
           | free to find their purpose.
        
             | dehrmann wrote:
             | Unpaid school is a different problem because it's society
             | subsidizing their hobbies.
        
               | Hellolearning wrote:
               | A persuite of knowledge is not 'subsidizing their
               | hobbies'.
               | 
               | Its a captialsm valuation nothing more.
               | 
               | What are we as humans if we don't have the resources to
               | educate and learn and be curious?
               | 
               | I really hope the current AI and Robot wave will lead us
               | all to a more 'free' society
        
               | drawnwren wrote:
               | It's strange to me that you can't see the correlation
               | between free markets and their products while
               | simultaneously looking forward to more production from
               | those same markets.
        
               | Hellolearning wrote:
               | Get rid of all unnecessary things and overhead in our
               | society and we do not have a resource issue.
               | 
               | Focus on automatisation and we don't have a production
               | issue.
               | 
               | Its a man made problem, not some kind of magic rule.
        
               | drawnwren wrote:
               | I think this is one of those wordcel arguments that
               | sounds nice but probably has no bearing on actual
               | reality.
               | 
               | If we live in a world where human effort has no marginal
               | utility, we also live in a world where human life has no
               | value. If we don't, you're in a world where you're
               | competing with other humans for some set of resources.
               | Regardless of whether you believe that you are competing
               | with them, others are competing with you.
               | 
               | I think competition is perhaps one of the most basic
               | rules of reality.
        
               | mytailorisrich wrote:
               | We are free to be curious and to "find ourselves". But
               | why should we expect society to pay for it beyond a
               | certain point? At some point it is indeed "subsidizing
               | hobbies".
               | 
               | As long as things cost something, and a course costs
               | something to create and deliver, the question of
               | valuation in some way is valid. It's not a capitalist
               | issue, it's an allocation of resources issue, which is
               | something universal as long as resources are limited.
               | 
               | Where it works, the free market is great because it
               | transparently shows how people actually value something.
               | That is, it shows how we actually are and what we
               | actually want, not what would be nice in some utopian
               | world.
        
               | knallfrosch wrote:
               | It's interesting how abstract these discussions are.
               | Countries with free - free for the student, at least -
               | tertiary education do exist and you can use them for
               | comparison.
        
               | mytailorisrich wrote:
               | Yes they do exist. On the one hand this is great but on
               | the other hand it also also generates waste, both in
               | terms of resources and time.
               | 
               | I went to university in France when it was both free
               | (still basically is) with no selection for entry and the
               | amount of waste was huge for no benefit to anyone... well
               | except for official stats because " _I 'm not unemployed,
               | I'm a student_"...
        
               | em-bee wrote:
               | please elaborate on the waste you saw. i studied in
               | germany and austria and i didn't notice waste. on the
               | contrary, requiring payment would have excluded many of
               | the good students. (entry is limited to qualified
               | students however, so there is some selection. does that
               | make all the difference? i doubt it.)
        
               | mytailorisrich wrote:
               | > _on the contrary, requiring payment would have excluded
               | many of the good students_
               | 
               | How? Surely people/families in Germany/Austria, some of
               | the richest countries in the world, can afford to pay
               | _something_ towards education costs... And in fact they
               | do through their taxes, which are needed to pay for this
               | "free" university. [obviously poor families can benefit
               | from bursaries so this is not a relevant argument]
               | 
               | The waste is students picking courses just to do
               | something or just because they are vaguely interested in
               | them (and then they get all the benefits afforded to
               | students, including housing subsidies). And then they
               | give up, or they fail, or once they graduate they realise
               | that it gets them exactly 0 job. So huge waste of
               | resources and time and, as mentioned, sometimes a way to
               | hide youth unemployment.
        
               | em-bee wrote:
               | _Surely people /families in Germany/Austria, some of the
               | richest countries in the world, can afford to pay
               | something towards education costs_
               | 
               | rich country doesn't mean rich people. we have high taxes
               | and lower average wages. high rent in cities. in vienna,
               | more than 60% of people live in subsidized housing. none
               | of them could ever afford to pay for university.
               | 
               | and if more than 60% of students need financial support,
               | all we are doing is adding expensive bureaucracy. might
               | as well just make it free instead.
        
               | mytailorisrich wrote:
               | That does not answer my question and it is obviously not
               | true that people cannot afford to pay for university, not
               | least when we haven't mentioned a price.
               | 
               | Every time similar topics are discussed it's odd to read
               | some comments because they give the impression that
               | people in the richest countries in the world have no
               | disposable income (they can't pay for healthcare, they
               | can't pay for higher education, they can't pay for public
               | transport, etc). Of course there are poor people, but the
               | majority have plenty of disposable income (that's what a
               | rich country means).
               | 
               | > " _in vienna, more than 60% of people live in
               | subsidized housing_ "
               | 
               | This does not mean that this is a necessity it shows some
               | issues with the housing market and housing policy, not
               | that people are "poor". In fact, if the majority of
               | people in a rich European city get housing subsidies it
               | seems quite clear that this has nothing to do with
               | poverty and not being able to afford it, but is a
               | policy/market disfunction issue.
               | 
               | To go back to France, in France every student gets
               | housing subsidies. This does not mean that they need it,
               | it's just that the choice of policy has been to dish out
               | subsidies without consideration of need.
        
               | em-bee wrote:
               | subsidized housing is only available to those with
               | limited income. in vienna that is below 60kEUR per year
               | for a single home, and below 90kEUR for a couple, which
               | means 45kEUR income per person. if we take the cost of
               | public schools in the US which ranges from 10k to 20k USD
               | per year, it should be pretty clear that those expenses
               | are unaffordable. if they could afford them they probably
               | would not be eligible for subsidized housing.
               | 
               |  _the majority have plenty of disposable income (that 's
               | what a rich country means)_
               | 
               | no, it doesn't.
               | 
               | rich country means a high GDP, but we put most of that
               | into public infrastructure, public healthcare (so, yes,
               | we can all pay for healthcare because everyone has
               | insurance) and public transport, and we don't need to pay
               | for education. if education were taken out of the mix
               | then those with lower income would be excluded.
        
               | mardifoufs wrote:
               | It's interesting that you chose Germany as an example of
               | ease of access to the education you want. Maybe if you
               | managed to get into a Gymnasium and didn't fuck up when
               | you were like... 10? Sure. Otherwise yeah, good luck
               | getting into university for the degree you want.
        
               | em-bee wrote:
               | _Maybe if you managed to get into a Gymnasium and didn 't
               | fuck up when you were like... 10_
               | 
               | not true. there is also the gesamtschule which delays the
               | decision to make the abitur until you are in 10th grade.
               | 
               | 40% of students in germany qualify for university (and
               | another 10% for fachhochschule). that is much higher than
               | the university admission rates in the US.
        
               | mardifoufs wrote:
               | And then, what happens after that decision? How free are
               | you to get the education you want after that? If you pick
               | a path and then want something harder or better, say
               | going into medecine in school. How hard is it going to
               | be? And aren't 10th graders around like 14 years old?
               | 
               | Again, that's just as bad as paying for education. At
               | least with money you can work or take a loan and chose
               | the path you want even at age 20 or 25, you're not locked
               | in by a choice that was made when you were a teenager.
               | Yes, I know you also have to get good grades in the US or
               | Canada, but at least here in Canada you can basically
               | almost always go back to university, take a few perp
               | courses and be eligible to apply even for medecine.
        
               | em-bee wrote:
               | _If you pick a path and then want something harder or
               | better, say going into medecine in school. How hard is it
               | going to be?_
               | 
               | the abitur i got from the gesamtschule is just as good as
               | the abitur someone got from a gymnasium. if i want to get
               | into medicine or some other highly popular field all i
               | need is good grades in the last 3 years of school.
               | 
               | a 10th grader is 16 years old because first grade starts
               | at 6 years.
               | 
               | those 10th graders that don't continue school go into an
               | apprenticeship, of which there are many choices
               | available. germany has 12 years of compulsory education
               | (9 or 10 years of school and 3 years of either school or
               | professional education)
               | 
               | and no, that is not the same as paying for education.
               | 
               | loans are way harder to get in germany as the banks are
               | much more conservative. getting a loan for school would
               | be practically impossible.
        
               | mardifoufs wrote:
               | Genuine question, what about Hauptschule?
               | 
               | And I guess that makes sense for Germany. Where I live,
               | loans are basically guaranteed and almost free for
               | students especially if you are graduating in a degree
               | with good job prospects. This allowed my dad to basically
               | switch paths entirely when he was like 40, as it paid for
               | his entire spendings during his degree and he could do it
               | easily in north America. It was basically impossible for
               | him to do something similar in France.
        
               | em-bee wrote:
               | in my time there were two ways to university. gymnasium
               | or gesamtschule. i understand that it was somehow
               | possible to switch from other schools if you had very
               | good grades, but it wasn't natural or obvious. at the
               | gesamtschule i believe only the worst students were
               | denied to continue, and i think about a third of all
               | students actually did continue after 10th grade in my
               | year. (i don't remember the specifics as i actually went
               | on to be an exchange student for grade 11, and i came
               | back to school for grade 12)
               | 
               | i don't know if switching schools became easier or
               | harder, but today i would only send my children to a
               | gesamtschule where it was certain that they would not be
               | under undue pressure in order to be able to continue
               | after 10th grade. in my opinion the three-tiered system
               | might as well be abolished because evaluating 9 year old
               | children whether they might be capable of passing the
               | abitur some 9 years later is absolutely dumb and
               | misguided, and forcing them to switch schools will also
               | hurt their socialization as they lose touch with some
               | friends and have to find new ones.
               | 
               | the system should be replaced with a highschool like
               | system that allows everyone a chance at passing the
               | abitur, and only those that specifically opt to learn a
               | trade instead should be able to leave school earlier, and
               | even those should be offered a short path to an abitur
               | test if they complete their apprenticeship.
               | 
               | on the other hand there is no problem entering university
               | in germany at 40. it's free, so what should stop you? i
               | actually did become a student again at age 30 for a short
               | time. noone suggested that that would be wrong.
               | 
               | getting a loan for that is an entirely different matter.
               | conservative thinking and ageism suggests that nobody has
               | good job prospects starting a new career at that age. but
               | you can do it if you get a part time job (actually, if
               | you switch your current job to part time, which is
               | something you are allowed to do by law in germany) and
               | then use the remaining time to study. if classes are
               | still structured the way they were in my time then you
               | can study at your own pace. it may take a bit longer, but
               | then i also expect that at 40 you are more driven to
               | focus on getting stuff done so i don't think part time
               | study will double the time you need to complete your
               | studies.
        
               | em-bee wrote:
               | why are people downvoting that comment? are you disputing
               | the facts stated? those are the numbers i found on a
               | quick search. if they are wrong, then please share
               | references to correct them.
        
               | Hellolearning wrote:
               | You can actually get a university allowance through your
               | job experience.
               | 
               | You can get Bafoeg (financial support which you get for
               | free) if you have a job degree and go to the BOS to get
               | your university degree that way.
        
               | em-bee wrote:
               | in my time bafoeg was 50% loan, and it would only cover
               | living expenses and study material. if university cost
               | actual money, financial support for it would be another
               | thing entirely.
               | 
               | the point is: does charging for university and then
               | giving financial support to those who need it really
               | change anything other than causing more bureaucracy and
               | risking that some people can't go because they don't
               | qualify for financial support yet shy away from the
               | expense?
               | 
               | reducing taxes so that people have more money so they can
               | afford paid education is not going to lead to more
               | students but less.
        
               | tonypace wrote:
               | The difference smells like culture from across the ocean.
        
               | mardifoufs wrote:
               | Surely you know that in those countries, education is
               | gatekept in a different,perhaps even worse way. Sure you
               | don't have to pay to get university education in France.
               | But good luck entering a program you want, or reorienting
               | later in life, after highschool. You end up with a lot of
               | people competing for the sought after degrees, and not
               | ever being able to even dream of "learning what you want"
               | if you messed up your bac exam. And the requirements are
               | very strict and inflexible for those,much more than in
               | the US.
               | 
               | The same thing happens in Germany but in an even more
               | vicious way. You are basically triaged before high school
               | and can only manage to switch with tons of bureaucracy
               | and difficulty. It's gotten better but it's still very
               | much 'your path is set and is almost impossible to change
               | after high school' for most people.
        
               | Hellolearning wrote:
               | Because we as a society are the only reason who holds us
               | back.
               | 
               | We use capitalism to control resources etc. but only
               | thanks to controled capitalism / politics we are keeping
               | pure capitalsim under control (like minimum wage, labor
               | laws etc.).
               | 
               | We could create a new system. A system which determines
               | how many resources we as society can produce on one side
               | and want we need + want on the other side. Than we
               | optimize our system for this.
               | 
               | Which would mean we would get rid of everything we don't
               | need and optimize everything we can.
               | 
               | We don't need thousends of different companies doing
               | simliar things just different with their own overhead.
               | Capitalism needs this to control itself.
        
               | 1oooqooq wrote:
               | naive. free market shows what generates revenue.
        
               | mytailorisrich wrote:
               | And what generates revenue is exactly what I described:
               | what we want and value and thus are willing to pay for.
               | 
               | I don't see what's naive there. On the contrary this is
               | absolute realism. And furthermore this goes hand in hand
               | with individual liberty. Alternatives have been tried,
               | and they failed...
        
           | authorfly wrote:
           | I think you are very correct.
           | 
           | The other point, as made in the "EdTech doesn't scale" post
           | the other day, is that Edutainment is one of the only really
           | scalable ways to do EdTech profitably, and that favours
           | consumption, not growth or testing (because for learning to
           | be effective, it more or less has to be quite hard). At
           | least, to remember most of the content, not just highlights.
        
             | anal_reactor wrote:
             | Something I noticed is that I watch a lot of edutainment
             | content but I don't really retain any information from
             | that, not even the highlights. I'm wondering whether this
             | is basically wasted time.
        
               | pas wrote:
               | Wasting time is okay. Some people watch sports, play
               | video games, go to the pub, work on that old thing in the
               | garage (and just end up watching youtube videos about
               | other people's projects).
               | 
               | I started taking notes, started cutting down on low-
               | quality infotainment/edutainment (for example while I
               | know folks at SciShow work a lot on their content, put a
               | lot of effort into producing scientifically correct
               | stuff, but it's just not deep enough, it's too fast), and
               | in general try to watch/listen to multiple videos that
               | touch the same topics. (Because many complex things
               | require multiple passes to comprehend anyway, and getting
               | different viewpoints, different presentation helps a lot
               | with that.)
        
               | passion__desire wrote:
               | The multiple passes statement reminded me of The
               | Unfinished Swan game.
               | 
               | https://youtu.be/X9YaFY8S75M
        
               | hilux wrote:
               | If the student only watches the content, and doesn't have
               | the chance to be (1) tested on it, and (2) apply it over
               | time, the learning is quickly lost.
               | 
               | That's my personal experience, and that's also the theory
               | nowadays.
               | 
               | I mean, it's not worse than watching reality TV or sports
               | or something. Maybe better - maybe consuming edutainment
               | will inspire you to follow through and apply it.
        
               | soperj wrote:
               | Is it really the testing that reinforces the learning? or
               | is it the application over time?
        
               | authorfly wrote:
               | It's true that testing benefits learning (Test Effect).
               | 
               | However the question is increasingly whether simply the
               | cognitive load of feedback is the reason for this is
               | coming up.
               | 
               | i.e. does the Testing effect reduce in efficacy when you
               | apply it to every waking hour, every course? does it just
               | benefit when you study one course?
               | 
               | There are clear links that subjects where students have a
               | stake in the result (i.e. it is mandatory for college)
               | lead to higher attendance and final grades, regardless of
               | study method.
               | 
               | Lots of the predominant psychology applies only to
               | motivated students or those in mandatory courses.. so
               | basically, we can't know the state for free willed
               | learning/edutainment.
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | Testing and application are the same.
        
               | soperj wrote:
               | there's no way that's the case.
        
           | StefanBatory wrote:
           | Also, as someone who used MOOC quite often, I take only STEM
           | courses because I'm used to any humanities subjects being of
           | lesser quality. I'd rather read a good book about that topic
           | than take course online.
           | 
           | For STEM things, I think it's usually of the same quality,
           | and I prefer videos, so it's easier choice.
        
           | bnralt wrote:
           | A large part of the issue, as I see it, is that the
           | university format is just a very poor way for people to learn
           | information. If people want to learn a tech skill and don't
           | care about credentials, they invariably find a lot of other
           | ways far superior to university courses. The closest I've
           | seen to university style courses that people actually find
           | useful is Udemy. Very few people seem to get much use from
           | EdX or Coursera classes, far fewer still think it's a good
           | idea to take classes at their local university.
           | 
           | Same with Plato. You can read Plato on your own, you can
           | listen to many more hours of free lectures on Plato, usually
           | from better quality speakers, than you'd ever get at a
           | university, you can join groups of people who want to discuss
           | Plato's philosophy. These people will actually be individuals
           | interested in the topic, not bored university classmates who
           | spend half the time talking about other things because of
           | their disinterest. This is all for free.
           | 
           | Even discounting the cost, university education trails far
           | behind other forms of learning. Once the cost is factored in,
           | the only appeal ends up being the credentials and the four
           | year summer camp environment.
           | 
           | That's why when I see MOOCs brought up these days in the
           | wild, it's usually from people who are taking them for
           | credentials. Once credentials are taken away, MOOCs and
           | universities just don't have a ton to offer for a motivated
           | learner. It would be good if credentials and education were
           | decoupled (for instance, like with the CFA), but there
           | doesn't appear to be much of a push for that.
        
             | em-bee wrote:
             | decoupling would really make a difference. i should be able
             | to acquire knowledge however i want or am able to, and then
             | pass a standardized process to get the accreditation.
             | 
             | the problem with standardized tests however is that they
             | lead to more schools just teaching for the test and not
             | actually helping the students learn. it's tricky. depending
             | on the subject or field. though i suppose papers and
             | dissertations can be judged on their own merits. but other
             | tests are trickier to do in a way that they can't just be
             | passed by memorizing test knowledge.
        
               | bnralt wrote:
               | Honestly, though, removing standardized testing usually
               | just obfuscates the problem. There are many ways to game
               | the system. The ubiquitous college cramming is usually
               | about temporarily learning for the test the night before
               | a big exam.
               | 
               | It's better to work on improving transparent standards
               | for credentials than to have tens of thousands of
               | different standards that no one pays attention to and
               | hoping that they're adequate, despite having no clue if
               | that's actually the case.
        
               | hilux wrote:
               | As a related aside, "competency-based education" is a
               | thing, slightly more popular in Europe than in the US.
               | 
               | I don't want to destroy all universities (like Trump or
               | DeSantis do). But it IS true that the higher-education
               | system needs a big revamp, and that the necessary change
               | is unlikely to come from within, because the people
               | (tenured faculty) who currently hold all the power have a
               | strong interest in not rocking the boat.
        
             | ericjmorey wrote:
             | Most software programmers say that certifications have
             | little to no value, so the decoupling doesn't seem to be
             | working.
        
             | hilux wrote:
             | I was once excited about Udemy. I bought a lot of courses,
             | most of which I never started.
             | 
             | But the few times I started a Udemy course, every single
             | one was terrible, once I got past the first 20% or so. And
             | contrary to their advertising, they did not allow me to
             | return the course, because I had "completed too much" or
             | something. IIRC I was around the 30-35% mark.
             | 
             | Totally different from Coursera, which can be hit and miss,
             | but best stuff is very good.
             | 
             | Have you had a different experience? Which courses did you
             | complete that were good?
             | 
             | TLDR: Udemy - cheap, and you get what you pay for.
        
               | StefanBatory wrote:
               | There are some people there who are good; but most of the
               | courses there are quite bad. Which ones you tried, if I
               | may ask? I'm curious.
               | 
               | I remember being both Neil Cummings and Max
               | Schwarzmueller courses to be good, but I did them some
               | time ago and when I was never to web development.
        
               | hilux wrote:
               | You mean - on Coursera?
               | 
               | There was a Python course offered by three profs at Rice
               | University that was A+.
               | 
               | Similar for Dan Ariely's Behavioral Economics class - of
               | course, maybe it was all lies (now it turns out), but
               | entertaining nevertheless.
               | 
               | Andrew Ng's course is quite math-heavy (I haven't done
               | it), but it gets rave reviews.
               | 
               | So many Coursera tech/CS courses are offered by profs at
               | elite universities - there's no way they could be the
               | kind of crap that is standard on Udemy.
               | 
               | What Coursera lacks (compared to the university
               | experience) is personal interaction with a real
               | professor, group projects with smart and focused
               | classmates, and personalized feedback.
        
         | wodenokoto wrote:
         | Udacity pivoted from seeking to be a new way of giving
         | university level education to the masses to job training.
         | 
         | I think the market spoke. There are still universities that
         | also offer online degrees, but generally on their own platform,
         | with live streaming - not in own-paced, pre-recorded MOOCs.
        
         | mitjam wrote:
         | The best MOOC I've attended was Balaji Srivivasan's Startup
         | Engineering, 10 years ago. Like many, I dropped out in the
         | middle - in my case I wanted to spend more time with my little
         | daughter. I still think it was the right decision, but I
         | probably would not have dropped a presence course.
        
         | WWWWH wrote:
         | Check out the Open University then. It's the real thing and
         | online. It costs and there are time constraints but they are
         | the experts in remote teaching
        
         | pfortuny wrote:
         | Not trying to be harsh but the operative word in your post is
         | "I".
        
         | 2-3-7-43-1807 wrote:
         | you want to spend 5000 $ on a mooc about plato?
        
           | ecshafer wrote:
           | I absolutely would. Spending a couple hundred for a class to
           | read through Plato/insert interesting topic here with an
           | expert and a few other interested colleagues is well worth it
           | in my mind. If after a few of those I get a degree to show
           | off I completed this and have some baseline knowledge is
           | worth it. I enjoy school for the most part.
        
             | 2-3-7-43-1807 wrote:
             | I suppose you are quite rich then. Well, good for you and
             | good luck with your studies of ancient Greek philosophy.
             | 
             | And you might want to check this out:
             | https://truthofyoga.com/p/knowledge. Not affiliated with
             | it. Would like to do it but can't justify almost 2000 Euro
             | for this course. For you on the other hand it is maybe even
             | too cheap. The guy is teaching at Oxford. Take a look at
             | it.
        
         | paganel wrote:
         | > and I think my issue is that they are not run like
         | universities, they are run like job training centers.
         | 
         | It is my understanding that that's how most of the universities
         | are now also run.
         | 
         | Granted, I haven't set foot in an university in almost two
         | decades now, so maybe my view is skewed from I what I've read
         | online and based on the not so numerous interactions I've had
         | with people who attend university.
        
         | mlsu wrote:
         | It's because the primary purpose of these institutions is
         | cultural filtering. The only reason we have name brand unis is
         | to sort and filter people into a very small (i.e. 1%)
         | cultural/economic elite. The point is for you to go "ooh,
         | stanford" or "ooh harvard" when you meet a partner at a big law
         | firm, VC, or hedge fund.
         | 
         | In order for there to be a 1% there must necessarily be a 99%.
         | The percentages are fixed; they always will be. Acceptance
         | rates (public, reported) tend towards the filtering rate
         | (implicit, hidden) as the college educated in the broader
         | population tends towards 1.
         | 
         | Look at the endowments of these institutions. They are
         | comparable in magnitude to elite hedge funds and VCs.
         | 
         | Of course they do top research and learning as well -- but only
         | because they must. Under the old system, which worked simple,
         | you'd be selected for an Ivy based on your blood relations and
         | receive no education at all (for a recent example of this,
         | Brett Kavanaugh: Supreme Court Justice).
         | 
         | I guess it is an improvement on the old system that these
         | places offer a "world-class education" ** to at least some of
         | their students; and that some of their students are pleased to
         | receive it.
         | 
         | ** whatever that means. My degree isn't printed on vellum Ivy
         | league stationary, only the coarse public Ivy stuff (public
         | Ivy: isn't that an interesting turn of phrase?); but I received
         | the finest education of my academic career from a California
         | community college. My classmates were navy veterans, part time
         | auto mechanics, and young single parents.
        
       | HDThoreaun wrote:
       | A bit harsh on axim I think. I'd like to see some details about
       | where the money has gone other than "grants" before declaring it
       | a failure.
        
         | tourmalinetaco wrote:
         | I agree it could have been more detailed, but sitting on 7/8ths
         | of your money with seemingly no plans does not inspire
         | confidence.
        
         | grobbyy wrote:
         | I don't. The place is full of worst thieves and con artists
         | from edX, and very few people who are competent or care.
        
           | HDThoreaun wrote:
           | I'd like to hear more about this and how you know it.
        
       | chis wrote:
       | MOOCs have provided incredible value to society and it's
       | unfortunate that we're only able to view them through the lens of
       | profit/loss. I wish that universities would have committed to
       | providing these products despite cost just as a halo project to
       | improve their public image.
        
       | PaywallBuster wrote:
       | time for Axim buy back edx for 5 cent on the dollar
        
       | insane_dreamer wrote:
       | if the original eDx can take the $800M and make a new open and
       | free ed content platform (like the original idea of MOOCs before
       | vultures like 2U starting trying to monetize it), then I'd say
       | its a win for Harvard and MIT. 2U going bankrupt may also be a
       | win.
        
         | kapitanjakc wrote:
         | Open edX is available.
         | 
         | Although it's just a platform, you'd need to create your own
         | courses.
        
           | insane_dreamer wrote:
           | Yeah, they'd have to use the $800M to repopulate it with
           | content.
        
             | DanielVZ wrote:
             | There is a ton of content in multiple platforms powered by
             | Open edX. Huge initiatives and universities around the
             | world are using it.
        
       | tkgally wrote:
       | Can anybody who has enrolled in an online-only degree program
       | comment on the experience?
       | 
       | I retired last year from teaching full-time at a conventional
       | university. All of my teaching was in-person until the last few
       | years, which were online because of the pandemic. My impression,
       | after I got used to the new format, was that online is fine for
       | small discussion-based seminars but that it is harder to keep
       | students engaged in larger classes, especially students who are
       | new to university study.
       | 
       | I really liked the potential of online at first--it was exciting
       | to lead meaningful academic discussions among students located in
       | several countries--but as time passed I started to wonder about
       | how well it can really work for university education.
        
         | 2snakes wrote:
         | I am halfway through an online degree in ICT. We had a
         | Instructional Design course that went over the differences.
         | There is a textbook that has a chapter on it called Trends in
         | Instructional Design but it is pricey. My position is adult
         | learning works better online to reorganize cognitive schemas
         | but children benefit from social learning theory. It is
         | something like 1-5% complete MOOCs, they really need some kind
         | of personal feedback. But generative AI may change this too.
         | Look at Math Academy for example (Skycak has a book about it)
         | (and they don't use gen AI for the tutoring either).
         | https://www.justinmath.com/books/
        
       | wodenokoto wrote:
       | I didn't know edx was bought by a company that went on to go
       | bankrupt. I have two courses on edx that I consider exceptional,
       | and worry I might lose access to them.
       | 
       | What are your thoughts on that?
        
       | hintymad wrote:
       | I used to take a lot of courses on cousera and EdX. I still take
       | some here and there, but not as many as before. Some of the
       | courses are amazing and unbelievably rewarding, like Daphne
       | Koller's Probabilistic Graphical Models, Robert Sedgewick's
       | Analytical Combinatorics, and Gerald Sussman's course on system
       | optimizations. I'm very grateful for such learning opportunities.
       | Unfortunately over time, I also found that these courses had
       | diminishing returns for the following reasons:
       | 
       | - Due to the nature of MOOC, the assignments are largely either
       | multiple-choice questions or programming assignments that merely
       | asked students to fill in some blanks in some functions (there
       | are a few exceptions of course). What a descent US university
       | does really well is challenging students with tough yet
       | insightful and inspiring assignments. That's how students learn
       | deeply and retain the knowledge, at least for me. Merely
       | listening to lectures and ticking off a few ABCDs hardly helps
       | real learning.
       | 
       | - Lack of feedback. A university course assigns TAs, gives
       | tutorials and office hours, grades assignments with detailed
       | feedbacks, and it is so much easier to form study groups and have
       | high bandwidth discussions. MOOCs try their best to offer such
       | help, but they don't work as well or at least not as
       | conveniently.
       | 
       | - Many courses are watered down. For instance, Andrew Ng's ML
       | course on Coursera is far less rigorous than that (229? I forgot)
       | offered in Stanford? The course is great for students to gain
       | some intuition, but I'm not sure if it's good enough for one to
       | build solid ML foundations.
        
         | mFixman wrote:
         | I completely agree that trying to get an
         | education/certification model with no feedback and simple,
         | robotic questions is completely useless.
         | 
         | What's even worse is that almost none of the MOOCs used the
         | strengths from online classes. There are other ways to learn
         | than a hour-long video of a person talking to a webcam.
         | 
         | It's funny how a big part of Andrew Ng's classes is waiting for
         | him to write text with mouse as if he were using the world's
         | worst whiteboard; he could have prepared properly-drawn figures
         | in advance.
        
           | mannycalavera42 wrote:
           | students are more engaged with the lesson when the teacher
           | handwrites compared to when teacher uses slides / ready-made
           | material
        
             | mFixman wrote:
             | They could at least use a Wacom.
        
             | passion__desire wrote:
             | To be honest, instead of wasting time on writing, the
             | professor could share anecdotes from history, his life,
             | industry, and other aspects i.e. the social aspect of doing
             | science and research. I really find those interesting than
             | mere cut and dry exposition of concepts.
        
           | nightski wrote:
           | Worthless is greatly exaggerating imho. I learned quite a bit
           | from these courses even though they were far from optimal.
        
           | hobs wrote:
           | Many studies have shown watching things happen over time is
           | much more useful for the human mind than being presented it
           | completed.
           | 
           | That being said, one way to achieve this is to play things
           | backward or occlude detail while you get to the final
           | creation.
        
           | hintymad wrote:
           | > It's funny how a big part of Andrew Ng's classes is waiting
           | for him to write text with mouse as if he were using the
           | world's worst whiteboard; he could have prepared properly-
           | drawn figures in advance.
           | 
           | My personal experience actually showed otherwise. It was more
           | effective for me to learn if instructors write on a
           | whiteboard to gradually develop what they teach. I guess
           | that's because when an instructors writes a whiteboards,
           | students will know exactly what she focuses on all the time,
           | and the writing speed matches the speed of understanding. In
           | contrast, a professor in my university was a big shot on
           | operating systems. He used well prepared slides and he talked
           | fluently, yet I got lost in almost every class.
        
         | Blackthorn wrote:
         | Coursera got enshittified like crazy. The first couple of years
         | had legit college courses on it. Then it became all about micro
         | degrees and courses with twenty minute lectures.
        
         | aetherson wrote:
         | Feels like LLMs could be used to scalably grade more
         | complicated assignments than multiple choice tests.
        
         | legel wrote:
         | I remember taking Andrew Ng's (delightful) Coursera ML and
         | believing I knew ML.
         | 
         | Then I took a Columbia ML graduate course IRL: it was like
         | being hit by a train.
        
           | azemetre wrote:
           | How would you rate the prerequisites of each course and level
           | of material covered? I've never taken Andrew Ng's ML class,
           | but the impression I get online is that it's great but it's
           | always hard to tell from these positive reviews if the course
           | is just an introductory exploration or something more in-
           | depth.
        
             | lupire wrote:
             | 229 is an intro class for students with no AI or CS theory
             | experience, and basic multivariable calculus and linear
             | algebra.
        
           | lupire wrote:
           | 229 is a 2xx class for advanced undergraduates and beginning
           | graduate students. It's a first course in machine learning
           | with no AI prereqs.
           | 
           | What grad class did you take?
           | 
           | https://www.cs.columbia.edu/education/ms/machinelearning/
        
         | tazolp wrote:
         | Do you remember the name of Sussman's course on system
         | optimizations? Can't seem to find it online
        
           | hintymad wrote:
           | I forgot the name. It may be called system engineering or
           | something like that. The focus of the course was on
           | parallelization. The instructors spent great deal time on
           | work stealing queues and parallel divide and conquer.
        
         | samvher wrote:
         | There's still some really good stuff out there. I just finished
         | the General Chemistry courses on EdX and they're really good
         | (with a very quiet discussion forum that's still visited by MIT
         | staff). The Finance MicroMasters was also excellent and had
         | active TAs on most courses. Exercises on all these courses were
         | generally very high quality.
         | 
         | Another great online course that I recently took is this one on
         | parallel computing [1]. It's not on Coursera/EdX but uses a
         | custom platform, and I would say it goes beyond "fill in the
         | blanks", the assignments are really challenging and have a lot
         | of depth.
         | 
         | Compared to 5-10 years ago the trend is unfortunately
         | definitely downwards though. A lot of great courses are
         | archived and far fewer are being added than there were in the
         | past.
         | 
         | [1] https://ppc.cs.aalto.fi/
        
       | lynx23 wrote:
       | And, almost to demonstrate the digital divide, almost every MOOC
       | there is lacking true Accessibility, therefore making it even
       | harder for blind and visually impaired people to piggy-back on
       | existing education infrastructure.
        
       | mdavid626 wrote:
       | Not suspicious at all. Buying it for 800M and then going out of
       | business. Good deal for edX.
        
       | alecco wrote:
       | Attention span is dropping like a stone. I think MOOCs should re-
       | format more like Tik Tok and web video games. Maybe have an
       | interactive AI professor as a guide.
        
       | jakozaur wrote:
       | The title is misleading, it may suggest Harvard or MIT lost
       | $800M.
       | 
       | In fact, Harvard and MIT invested $30M each and sold EdX for
       | $800M to 2U: https://www.edsurge.com/news/2021-06-29-2u-buys-edx-
       | for-800m...
       | 
       | So, likely, Harvard and MIT made some money.
       | 
       | It's 2U who lost the money. It's the public that suffered from
       | the loss of EdX.
       | 
       | <sarcasm>As hedge funds with schools attached, they are doing
       | extremely well.</sarcasm>
        
       | whoitwas wrote:
       | RIP. I always wondered what was going on with edX. They were
       | great back in the day. I was introduced to the Stanford CS
       | curriculum through them. At least MIT OCW lives on! Don't see
       | that going anywhere ... unless somehow they sell to some shitty
       | private company and invest the profit into nothing.
        
       | the__alchemist wrote:
       | MitX math and science classes are (were?) outstanding. The few I
       | tried from other participating universities were a grade below in
       | quality. Then EdX/MitX just... stopped publishing new content. I
       | learned (re-learned?) math and science from these and Khan;
       | fundamentally changed my life. Too good of a resource to last? At
       | least Khan's still kicking.
        
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