[HN Gopher] Using AI to fight insurance claim denials
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Using AI to fight insurance claim denials
        
       Author : jpmattia
       Score  : 173 points
       Date   : 2024-08-26 15:31 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (sfstandard.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (sfstandard.com)
        
       | jpmattia wrote:
       | The subheading of the article is "Using AI to fight insurance
       | claim denials", and her site is here:
       | https://fighthealthinsurance.com/
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Ok, we'll use that for the title above. Thanks!
        
       | rqtwteye wrote:
       | Single payer or not but I think everybody should agree that
       | dealing with health insurance needs to be easier and more
       | predictable. When I read the stories of how people won against
       | them, it's always mind boggling to see the giant effort they had
       | to put into it.
       | 
       | Hospitals and insurances should be fined if they have a high
       | ratio of claims that get rejected first and reversed after
       | appeal. Patients simply shouldn't have to go through this. The
       | whole system is set up to profit from wearing down patients by
       | attrition.
        
         | WaxProlix wrote:
         | > Hospitals and insurances should be fined if they have a high
         | ratio of claims that get rejected first and reversed after
         | appeal
         | 
         | They'd just invest more in not having to reverse on appeal.
         | Handling these kinds of incentives with rules and strictures
         | gets messy fast.
        
           | ryandrake wrote:
           | Well, write the law to address that, too.
           | 
           | Too often, we throw our hands up and declare legislation
           | impossible "because companies will just get around it in
           | ways, X, Y, and Z". The solution is to write better laws that
           | also remove X, Y, and Z as options. And also X0, X1, Y0, Y1,
           | Y2, Z0, Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4. The world is complex and
           | regulation can be complex, too. You'll never fix things by
           | giving up and saying "We can't write the perfect law--oh
           | well, let's just let companies do whatever they want!"
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | The concept of spirit of the law vs letter of the law
             | infuriates me to no end.
             | 
             | I think the letter of the law should stipulate the spirit
             | of the law (almost a TL;DR right at the beginning) so that
             | jurists can later take that into account when deciding if
             | the law was broken.
        
               | 1-more wrote:
               | US Tax law is the only place where I can think of that
               | the spirit is the most important part of the law. There
               | isn't much of a hard and fast definition of a home based
               | business, but if the vibe is "this is a hobby and I'm
               | using the business only to claim deductions, not turn a
               | profit someday" you can be in violation.
        
               | kredd wrote:
               | I agree in some sense, but spirit of the law also creates
               | very uneven playground and leaves a lot of questions. The
               | way I see the problem, it takes way too long for us to
               | legislate anything. By the time something passes
               | different levels of approval, whoever has any skin in the
               | game might figure out a way around it.
               | 
               | That happens a lot with finding loopholes in housing
               | related legislations. If there is a proposal that would
               | hurt investors, they lobby against it for a while, buying
               | time to figure out an alternative method, and by the time
               | it passes, they don't really care because they've
               | circumvented it anyways.
               | 
               | I see why it would also suck if we fast tracked most of
               | the legislations though.
        
               | piva00 wrote:
               | > I agree in some sense, but spirit of the law also
               | creates very uneven playground and leaves a lot of
               | questions.
               | 
               | That happens anyway though, as much of law in Common Law
               | systems is only settled by precedents, jurisprudence,
               | etc. Even the US's Constitution interpretation is up to
               | the courts when questions arise, that's the courts' job
               | anyhow.
               | 
               | At least working with the spirit of the law allows ways
               | to prevent loopholes in a way that the letter of the law
               | process only allows if new legislation is passed to cover
               | those loopholes.
        
               | vundercind wrote:
               | > Even the US's Constitution interpretation is up to the
               | courts when questions arise, that's the courts' job
               | anyhow.
               | 
               | Judicial review of the constitutionality of laws is
               | _itself_ an invention of the courts, in fact. (And
               | probably a good idea, but it's something the courts had
               | to decide they had, not a role or power plain in the
               | law). So that specific thing being their job is...
               | something they decided was their job, which is kinda
               | funny.
        
               | xn7 wrote:
               | I agree that it's very frustrating, but law is a language
               | game between opposing parties. There is always going to
               | be willful misinterpretation, because, well, sometimes
               | people want incompatible things. If you add a spirit of
               | the law TLDR, you'll need a spirit of the spirit of the
               | law, and so on.
        
               | cataphract wrote:
               | The US obsession with literality in recent times is very
               | sui generis (and even then you have a lot of people
               | criticizing it for not taking further, e.g. the fish is a
               | tangible asset SCOTUS case). In Portugal, the law
               | specifies how it should be interpreted (1966 civil code,
               | art. 9)
               | 
               | 1. Interpretation should not be limited to the letter of
               | the law but should reconstruct the legislative intent
               | from the texts, taking into account the unity of the
               | legal system, the circumstances in which the law was
               | drafted, and the specific conditions of the time when it
               | is applied.
               | 
               | 2. However, the interpreter cannot consider a legislative
               | intent that does not have at least a minimal verbal
               | correspondence in the letter of the law, even if it is
               | imperfectly expressed.
               | 
               | 3. In determining the meaning and scope of the law, the
               | interpreter will presume that the legislator has adopted
               | the most appropriate solutions and has expressed their
               | intent in suitable terms.
               | 
               | It doesn't help make the meaning of the text more
               | determinate, but it may shift where the battle is fought.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | This is pretty similar to _most_ US case law and
               | judiciary rules on how the law should be interpreted.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Most laws have preambles and records of the debates to
               | help with their intent.
               | 
               | The theory of strict construction is a _protection_ in
               | our legal system. Otherwise you 'll end up with a system
               | similar to the insurance you're complaining about -
               | generalized rules, you won't know the outcome going into
               | it, and they can find ways to make the rules for the
               | desired outcome. (This stuff happens in the legal system
               | today, it would just get immensely worse)
        
               | adolph wrote:
               | If the letter doesn't follow the spirit then fix the
               | letter, don't add on more crust.
               | 
               | https://xkcd.com/927/
        
               | silverquiet wrote:
               | As I've gotten older, I've found that I've lost a lot of
               | belief in the law at all. Despite being rather clever, we
               | are still primates who live in primate societies. Some of
               | us are greedy psychopaths and some of us are generous
               | empaths. If you put the greedy psychopaths in power, it
               | will have deleterious effects on society regardless of
               | whatever scribbles you have on paper.
        
             | willcipriano wrote:
             | Most of the time the "we oughta do" ideas are so simple
             | that they wouldn't work as a law "it should be illegal to
             | charge too high prices!" so it's sort of a non-solution as
             | it factually wouldn't work in the real world.
             | 
             | Real talk, the US spends more on socialized medicine per
             | capita than all of Europe, nobody should get reelected, no
             | foreign aid rendered nor bombs dropped until we receive
             | what has been long paid for.
             | 
             | They want you to focus on the former sort of "solution"
             | than the one I provide and that's why you probably are
             | first hearing of mine now.
        
               | vundercind wrote:
               | > it should be illegal to charge too high prices!
               | 
               | Funnily enough, as far as I have been able to figure,
               | this is basically _the_ unifying element of all
               | developed-country healthcare systems outside the US,
               | which have a lot of variety but all seem to do this, one
               | way or another.
               | 
               | Some do it with comprehensive direct price controls that
               | are pretty much exactly "it's illegal to charge too-high
               | prices" (Japan), some through state monopsony (Great
               | Britain), some through limited price controls but the
               | very-credible threat of adding more if providers get too
               | greedy (Singapore), and many through some combo of the
               | above, but the effect always boils down to price
               | controls.
        
               | willcipriano wrote:
               | You misunderstand. In nations with socialized medicine
               | (and this includes the US) there is really only one
               | primary buyer of healthcare products and services.
               | 
               | If that buyer decides your price is too high, you sell
               | around 0 units.
               | 
               | You can often receive these treatments if you wish to pay
               | privately. Only the very wealthy do this, a small market.
               | 
               | Drug companies in the US prefer to sell units at the
               | prices that the buyers in those nations are allowing them
               | VS not selling them at all. That's why they do it. Then
               | turn around and say they can't do the same in the US as
               | it would bankrupt them.
               | 
               | The difference is in the US, Medicaid is quite happy to
               | pay prices that are multiples of what other nations are
               | paying. They sort of pretend this is all some sort of
               | accident or due to some complexity that you wouldn't
               | understand but it's just theft.
        
               | vundercind wrote:
               | If your point is that the US government is
               | _tantalizingly_ close to being able to throw its weight
               | around and drop healthcare prices a bunch with only
               | minimal changes in policy and law, due in large part to
               | its very-high spending on healthcare, but is just
               | choosing not to, I agree.
               | 
               | [edit] apologies if I've misunderstood, though--the above
               | is not intended as one of those "rephrase your point into
               | something you definitely weren't saying" sarcastic things
               | people do sometimes, I'm really trying to follow along.
        
               | willcipriano wrote:
               | If you look at the investment portfolios of politicians
               | you'll quickly understand why there is no interest in
               | using Medicare to reduce prices. Watch a single
               | commercial break during the nightly news to understand
               | why they will never cover it, drug companies are half
               | their advertisers (more worrying a quarter of them sell
               | bombs)
               | 
               | Reimports of drugs produced in the United States back
               | from Canada are prohibited for safety reasons. You know
               | because those Canadians are famous for tampering with
               | drugs for unclear reason and benefit. It's all a farce.
        
           | rqtwteye wrote:
           | " They'd just invest more in not having to reverse on appeal"
           | 
           | That would be the goal. Get it right first time around.
        
             | WaxProlix wrote:
             | "Invest" here doesn't necessarily mean monetary investment,
             | they could for instance choose to degrade their arbitration
             | and appeals process further, understaff it, or push
             | regulatory boundaries in that direction. And that would
             | possibly save them money, at least in the short term.
             | 
             | And to the extent that costs _do_ go up for appeals
             | processes, there 's no guarantee that the resulting setup
             | has margins that incentivize doing right by customers at
             | all.
        
               | rqtwteye wrote:
               | That could be solved by proper regulation. As far as I
               | can tell they are already making the process as miserable
               | as possible. I don't think it would get worse.
        
         | aidenn0 wrote:
         | Most of the time it's not too bad to appeal a claim for smaller
         | amounts. People go through the hoops for the larger denials
         | because they are so motivated.
         | 
         | I got a $150k bill for emergency care for my daughter once; it
         | wasn't too bad because they denied it as "uncovered elective
         | procedure" which was trivial to show it wasn't, but it was
         | still a tense month for me waiting. The punchline, of course,
         | is that the insurance company and the provider agreed upon
         | $30k.
         | 
         | Doctors' offices can't tell you what a procedure will cost
         | ahead of time, and the amount they bill you afterwards is
         | completely fictitious (because if you don't have health
         | insurance you probably can't pay 5x what the insurance
         | companies pay, so will be bankrupted anyways).
        
           | rqtwteye wrote:
           | " because if you don't have health insurance you probably
           | can't pay 5x what the insurance companies pay, so will be
           | bankrupted anyways"
           | 
           | Or it could go the other way depending on arbitrary factors.
           | Nobody knows.
        
           | dimal wrote:
           | "Most of the time" in my case, it has been bad. Because it
           | wasn't one big bill. It was dozens of bills for $200-500.
           | Each submission could fail in unpredictable ways. "Lost"
           | claims forms, database "errors", "incomplete information",
           | etc. And trying to deal with this burden while being sick,
           | was too much for me. I scraped back a few dollars, but had to
           | give up and move forward with my life.
        
       | barryrandall wrote:
       | This is cool, it's just unfortunate that it's necessary.
       | 
       | It would be nice to see more research into the role of "payor
       | harm" in patient outcomes.
        
       | nostrademons wrote:
       | There are a large number of other industries where SOP is to make
       | life difficult for customers in hopes that they give up on
       | asserting their legal rights. Among other ones I can think of:
       | insurance, debt collection, customer service disputes, privacy
       | opt-outs, warranty work, property management, labor law.
       | 
       | It seems like these industries are ripe for AI-based startups
       | whose job is basically to be an asshole to corporations on behalf
       | of customers, the same way that corporations are assholes back.
       | If anything, at least consumers will be able to say "Have your
       | AIs talk to my AI."
        
         | rwmj wrote:
         | You correctly identify a problem then suggest a complicated
         | technical solution. The simple solution is to make these
         | practices _illegal_ by passing laws.
        
           | ttymck wrote:
           | > passing laws.
           | 
           | As if that's any less of a complicated technical solution.
        
             | mrguyorama wrote:
             | The law passing solution has been implemented in tens of
             | states, so apparently it's not that difficult.
             | 
             | Meanwhile, how often has a company in the US been reigned
             | in by another company?
        
               | sirspacey wrote:
               | Often
               | 
               | Disruptive services dramatically impact companies at
               | scale
               | 
               | The Credit Dispute industry radically lowered the
               | aggressive dark patterns of credit score companies like
               | Experian, as an example.
        
           | salawat wrote:
           | Because money laundering, wage theft, tax evasion, and labor
           | violations _never_ happen, right?
           | 
           | Law being on the books does not resolve the central asymmetry
           | here. Again, their full time job is bleeding you. You getting
           | your rights asserted comes at the expense of your time.
           | 
           | Hell, when was the last time you got to negotiate a EULA with
           | $BigCorp's legal group? Odds are, never.
        
             | nequo wrote:
             | > labor violations
             | 
             | The NLRB will work to represent your interests. They are
             | doing their job. Go to them if you have a dispute to
             | resolve.
        
           | jrockway wrote:
           | It's difficult to simply make the legal system do this. You
           | have to back it up with investigatory teeth, and the victim
           | still has to file an understandable complaint to start the
           | wheels turning. The legal system also has to be sufficiently
           | "documented" so that people will file the right complaints.
           | The net result is the same as the current system, basically.
           | 
           | As an example, insurance covering trans care is required by
           | state law in my state. Is it any easier to be trans in New
           | York than other states? Yes. But you still get very familiar
           | with your insurance claims process and the documentation
           | hurdles. ("We need a letter from your therapist, not your
           | doctor." This exists nowhere in WPATH8, but it does delay the
           | money going out of their bank account while a therapist copy-
           | pastes the form letter. One week to wait for your
           | appointment. One week for them to turn it around. 2 weeks of
           | interest earned by the insurance company. And that's the best
           | case for the patient that already has the necessary support
           | network.)
        
             | rwmj wrote:
             | > _You have to back it up with investigatory teeth, and the
             | victim still has to file an understandable complaint to
             | start the wheels turning. The legal system also has to be
             | sufficiently "documented" so that people will file the
             | right complaints._
             | 
             | Correct, this is how it works in many other countries.
             | 
             | > _[Some stuff about health insurance documentation being
             | complicated]_
             | 
             | Almost every developed country except the US has settled on
             | some model of a single-payer system with universal
             | coverage. This whole thing with private insurance companies
             | and documentation requirements doesn't have to be a thing.
        
               | jrockway wrote:
               | Honestly, those systems don't look too good for trans
               | people. The NHS requires you to wait years to go on
               | $40/month hormone replacement therapy. The government
               | passed a law banning prescription of puberty blockers for
               | kids that are undecided on which gender they'd like to be
               | as adults, forcing them to go through the wrong puberty
               | or work around the system. Saw a post on Reddit yesterday
               | that was "I support my daughter but we can't keep her on
               | GnRH analogues anymore because it's illegal here." The
               | consensus was to fly to Spain once a month and pay cash
               | for the injection, or skip puberty blockers and start
               | estrogen early.
               | 
               | This is not amazing. The single-payer model is
               | unfortunately too political, and somehow being trans is a
               | hot button political issue right now. It really, really
               | sucks for these kids.
               | 
               | Meanwhile in the US, there is a lot of hate, but a lot of
               | insurance companies do cover the necessary care. They
               | even pay for flights/hotels in other states when care
               | isn't available in your state because of political
               | issues. We all like to hate insurance, but seeing those
               | things commonly available in private insurance policies
               | is ... refreshing. You are still going to have to file
               | appeals, but it's better than "the government doesn't
               | believe in trans people so fuck you".
        
               | rwmj wrote:
               | It's important to note that nationalised healthcare
               | doesn't preclude you from paying for services privately.
               | Unlike with insurance-based systems, you just find out
               | the prices up front, and if you like the price and can
               | afford it, then you pay it. Plenty of people in the UK
               | pay for cosmetic surgery and the like.
               | 
               |  _> The government passed a law banning prescription of
               | puberty blockers for kids_
               | 
               | This is completely independent of how health care is paid
               | for. It might happen that a similar law is passed in the
               | US, and the same would apply over there, private health
               | insurance or not.
        
               | sssissk wrote:
               | Good to hear that the UK's ban on this abusive
               | pharmaceutical intervention is working as intended.
               | 
               | Those parents should be investigated by social services
               | for this abuse. Violating a crucial stage in your child's
               | developmental process to adulthood is awful, deleterious,
               | terrible parenting which shouldn't be enabled by anyone
               | and needs to be urgently prevented.
        
           | LorenPechtel wrote:
           | Which defines a line they will toe up to, probably making
           | things worse.
        
           | nostrademons wrote:
           | They're _already_ illegal.
           | 
           | The point is that laws are useless without enforcement.
           | There's a wide body of civil law that depends upon the
           | plaintiff to assert their rights. The government isn't going
           | to go monitoring every private transaction to ensure it
           | conforms to every applicable law. We don't _want_ them to do
           | that - in general the government should stay out of private
           | transactions, that 's what makes them private. And the law
           | usually requires multiple attempts and back-and-forths to
           | ensure that everyone has had a chance to rectify the
           | situation before it goes to the court system. Again, this is
           | a _good thing_.
           | 
           | But one side of the transaction is much more able to put up
           | with convoluted processes and paper trails than the other. A
           | corporation can amortize the cost of the paper trail across
           | many customer interactions and build systems to handle it
           | automatically. It can hire employees to do nothing but sit on
           | the phone, and build delays into business processes that will
           | make most customers give up.
           | 
           | These sort of LLM startups just give the same economies of
           | scale to customers seeking redress. Yes, it'd be easier if
           | the whole process didn't exist - there's an old joke about
           | LLMs generating e-mails to sound longer and more impressive
           | than they need to be, and then another LLM summarizing the
           | e-mail back into one sentence that isn't really what the
           | original person meant. But the problem is that _each
           | incentive along the way_ makes the company better off if they
           | get the customer to go away, while _each incentive_ for the
           | customer makes them better off if they don 't go away, and so
           | you get an arms race between them.
        
             | HarryHirsch wrote:
             | The other problem is that the government is in on the joke.
             | OSHA in my liberal state is about two people. Civil right
             | claims are capped at 300 kUSD for a large employer. The
             | existing laws are plainly insufficient to claim the rights
             | that the citizens supposedly have. The present state of
             | affairs really undermines government legitimacy.
        
               | danaris wrote:
               | I think it can be dangerous to view "government" as a
               | monolithic entity in cases like this.
               | 
               | So many of our consumer-protection laws are written by a
               | tremendously adversarial system: one side does its level
               | best to get solid, genuinely-effective protections in
               | place, and the other side won't let them happen _at all_
               | until they 're hamstrung almost beyond their ability to
               | function.
        
               | HarryHirsch wrote:
               | The study about the influence of the ultra-rich on policy
               | in the US is 10 years old, and matters haven't gotten
               | better since:
               | https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/perspectives-on-
               | poli...
               | 
               | It'd not wrong to view "the government" as something that
               | is run by a small group whose interests are not congruent
               | with the majority of the population, and experience shows
               | this.
        
             | mrgoldenbrown wrote:
             | Already illegal yes but in a way that favors the insurance
             | company. For example, if the insurance co claims your
             | appeal needs a peer to peer (your dr talks to their Dr)
             | they currently get to decide on when the talk happens. If
             | your dr can't meet at the exact time slot they want, you
             | lose by default. We could rewrite the law to make the
             | patients actual doctor win by default rather than the
             | insurance doctor who rejects literally thousands of claims
             | per week and hasn't even read the patients history.
        
           | Suppafly wrote:
           | >You correctly identify a problem then suggest a complicated
           | technical solution.
           | 
           | That's one of the hardest things for STEM types to learn, not
           | everything can or needs to be solved with a complicated
           | technical solution. You see it with HR and interpersonal type
           | things all the time, where some minor communicator could
           | solve the issue, but people start suggesting overly involved
           | technical processes instead.
        
       | bojangleslover wrote:
       | The problem with fighting claims is that it's an asymmetric game.
       | You, the patient, must MAKE time outside of your regular life, to
       | argue on the phone with someone who is currently AT his full time
       | job, and who feeds his family with YOUR premiums. It's a dirty
       | game.
       | 
       | Disputing charges, small claims court or simply never paying
       | bills is the better option because the good faith channels are
       | rigged.
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | I help folks in r/sterilization who have obtained permanent
         | birth control navigate and appeal their insurance. ACA
         | compliant plans require this be covered at 100% as preventive
         | care, so it's building a workflow to check the boxes in the
         | Rube Goldberg system to get to the outcome (full coverage per
         | statue) insurance is constantly trying to avoid.
         | 
         | This project is helpful and is going into the case management
         | workflow right away. Fight slop with well crafted, guardrailed
         | slop.
        
           | pyuser583 wrote:
           | Why the interest in sterilization? Because ACA makes it a
           | very simple use case?
           | 
           | Out of curiosity, does ACA require coverage if the doctor
           | refuses?
        
             | toomuchtodo wrote:
             | Because it is the most aggressive way at almost no cost to
             | empower someone's reproductive rights in an adversarial
             | socioeconomic system, while each avoided unwanted child is
             | a net positive. Cost benefit ratio is enormous. ~40% of
             | annual pregnancies (both US and international) are
             | unintended, $330k cost 0-18 (2023 dollars), limited to no
             | support for parents, etc.
             | 
             | ACA coverage is for the procedure, doctors who won't refuse
             | can be found at https://childfreefriendlydoctors.com/
             | 
             | If you want kids, Godspeed. If you don't, I am building
             | systems to radically empower that outcome. "Build something
             | people want." or something like that. Essentially a
             | suffering reduction flywheel.
        
               | Suppafly wrote:
               | > ~40% of annual pregnancies (both US and international)
               | are unintended
               | 
               | how many are unwanted though? unintended doesn't
               | necessarily have the negative connotation that
               | /r/childfree folks make it out to be.
        
               | pinkmuffinere wrote:
               | To be fair, even if 5% are unwanted I would think this is
               | a good investment of effort. I have no data though
        
               | Suppafly wrote:
               | Sure, honestly I have no problem with people wanting to
               | sterilize themselves, although I do somewhat support the
               | idea that what you want at a younger age isn't
               | necessarily what you want at a later point in your life,
               | so sterilization should be handled at least somewhat
               | seriously.
               | 
               | That said, I do take umbrage with people using suspicious
               | statistics in unusual ways to push an agenda. If your
               | cause is just, there is no need to use misleading
               | statistics to inflate its importance. I argue this for
               | causes I support as well as those I don't support.
        
         | jb1991 wrote:
         | Not if you call them from work.
        
           | antisthenes wrote:
           | Don't waste your employer's time.
           | 
           | The morally correct choice is to just not pay.
        
             | snakeyjake wrote:
             | Since the vast majority of Americans are on health
             | insurance plans provided to them by their employers as part
             | of their compensation, fighting insurance claim denials is
             | morally equivalent to fixing payroll or expense report
             | errors.
        
             | lenerdenator wrote:
             | That then gets sent to collections and then you get to deal
             | with that and the ramifications for your finances.
        
               | aketchum wrote:
               | cant show up on your credit report though - so why does
               | this matter?
        
               | recursive wrote:
               | Why can't it?
        
               | lenerdenator wrote:
               | There's currently a _proposal_ that medical debt not be
               | taken into account on credit reports. [1]
               | 
               | Personally, I just don't trust companies to not put that
               | sort of thing in a credit report. Do we actually audit
               | for that sort of thing? And what if they do? Assuming
               | anyone finds out, they get to drag the punishment out
               | over the span of years, and if they do get punished, it's
               | probably only a fraction of the money that they earned by
               | reducing risk.
               | 
               | [1]https://www.consumerfinance.gov/about-
               | us/newsroom/cfpb-propo...
        
               | snakeyjake wrote:
               | The impact on your credit report is irrelevant.
               | 
               | Debt holders can (and will) sue to collect, win, and take
               | the money by court order. Depending on the state they
               | will take the debt, then take the amount it cost to
               | collect the debt.
               | 
               | Do people live in some kind of alternate reality USA
               | where poor people who can't pay extortionate medical
               | bills don't have their checking and savings accounts
               | wiped out by private equity firms pretending to be
               | healthcare providers?
               | 
               | In my state over the past ten years 14,000 civil suits
               | have been filed to collect medical debt. Up until last
               | year it was legal for debt holders to place liens on
               | debtor's houses, often their only remaining asset after
               | being wiped out by an illness. It was only made illegal
               | after a particularly aggressive private equity-backed
               | firm cosplaying as a healthcare provider started
               | relentlessly pursuing their debts, putting liens on
               | elderly people's homes, and then aggressively pursuing
               | judgements on the liens, and-- get this-- SNIPING THE
               | HOME DURING THE LIEN SALES.
               | 
               | A person cancer would not show up to court due to being a
               | person with cancer, the private equity firm pretending to
               | be a healthcare provider would get a default judgement,
               | and then immediately start hammering on the courts to get
               | dispositions and final judgements in order to add the
               | person with cancer's house to their real estate
               | portfolio.
               | 
               | The state legislature made it illegal to garnish the
               | wages of someone living below the poverty level at the
               | same time because medical debt collectors were
               | specifically targeting patients who could barely pay
               | their mortgage due to not working due to being sick by
               | garnishing what wages they were able to earn, if any, to
               | the point that the debtor went into foreclosure (in order
               | to facilitate the confiscation of their home).
               | 
               | Please try, for just a few hundred milliseconds, to
               | imagine losing your paid-off (or almost paid off) house,
               | a scant few years before retirement age, because you got
               | cancer.
        
               | antisthenes wrote:
               | So you'd rather pay tens of thousands of dollars and keep
               | feeding the beast, rather than take a few points ding on
               | your credit score?
               | 
               | Your choice, but don't act like you have some kind of
               | moral high ground here.
        
             | jrockway wrote:
             | A lot of insurance plans are employer-paid, meaning that
             | the money comes out of their bank account, not the
             | insurance company's bank account. The insurance company
             | just takes a fee to administer the claims and keep as few
             | bills from hitting your employer's bank account.
             | 
             | I remember Google denying coverage after a surgical
             | procedure that they approved during the prior authorization
             | period, and then running out the clock on my appeal. That's
             | on them, no evil insurance company to blame, just my
             | employer. And, the market decided... I don't work there
             | anymore.
        
               | sweetjuly wrote:
               | Does Google actually administer the insurance plan?
               | Usually the way it works is that they hire some
               | traditional insurance company to administer is and then
               | they just payout. Administering the plan themselves is
               | very risky and has tons of compliance burden (because
               | then Google would be a health insurance company). This
               | means that the company doesn't have any direct control
               | over claims, though they have substantial control over
               | the general policy itself.
        
               | jrockway wrote:
               | No, they had an administrator. I filed the appeal through
               | HR, though, which was the recommended process at the
               | time. Probably not the right process in retrospect,
               | especially because I accepted the appeal denial at face
               | value and just paid out of my own pocket.
        
         | vundercind wrote:
         | _Massive_ untracked cost of our healthcare system, too. We're
         | already more expensive per-capita than anywhere else, by a long
         | shot, _plus_ we impose huge costs on patients and their
         | families in time  & stress spent fighting the system. Any good-
         | faith accounting of that would put our costs way in to "WTF is
         | wrong with us that we're not rushing to fix this immediately by
         | any means necessary?!" territory.
         | 
         | There are other hidden costs, too, like government employees
         | who have to deal with private insurance issues for purposes of
         | sorting out benefits and child support and all kinds of things,
         | but aren't primarily involved with healthcare so I'm sure those
         | hours aren't counted among costs of our healthcare system. Not
         | sure about the hours (and hours, and hours) HR at entities
         | public and private lose to dicking around with insurers and
         | brokers and HSA providers and such. Doubt that's counted, but
         | it's real and significant. Healthcare providers waste lots of
         | money on similar things from their side, but I expect those
         | figures make it in to even fairly naive system cost estimates.
        
         | gamblor956 wrote:
         | _Disputing charges, small claims court or simply never paying
         | bills is the better option because the good faith channels are
         | rigged._
         | 
         | Yes to the first two, but the latter is a good way to get your
         | credit score destroyed for a few years, and plenty of insurance
         | companies are willing to send unpaid bills to collections
         | agencies which are very aggressive about collecting.
        
           | JohnMakin wrote:
           | > Yes to the first two, but the latter is a good way to get
           | your credit score destroyed for a few years
           | 
           | Not necessarily or at all - in California there are a bunch
           | of laws about what healthcare debt can even be reported on
           | your credit score. I routinely let things fall into
           | collections and maintain a very high credit score because I
           | ironically gain more negotiation power occasionally with the
           | debt collector than whatever service I was charged for -
           | often this happens as a result of over-billing. Dispute it
           | enough times and they can just disappear. The credit hit
           | is/should be minor. They use "credit" as an intimidation tool
           | to coerce people into paying bills they don't actually owe.
           | 
           | Classic example - I get a procedure. Doctor submits a claim
           | that is pre-authorized (I don't know the exact term). You
           | receive procedure, insurer later denies claim. The doctor
           | then passes the bill to you. Later, the doctor and insurer
           | may come to an agreement, and the doctor is paid - but
           | sometimes/often this is never communicated back to the
           | patient, effectively "double billing." In these cases the
           | only sane way to navigate it is by simply allowing it to fall
           | to collections.
        
         | ericmcer wrote:
         | This is the dynamic that every corporation and government
         | entity leverages. I feel like a frog noticing the water is
         | starting to get hot as I see everything: water, power, trash,
         | internet, groceries, registration fees, etc. getting more and
         | more expensive and I just for sanity have to pay each one and
         | forget it.
         | 
         | Just this morning I was thinking how every single streaming
         | service pushed out a version with ads and a more expensive ad-
         | free version recently. It just comes to ~$20/mo to upgrade them
         | all, but how much more can they pile on before people just have
         | nothing left?
        
           | mindslight wrote:
           | I haven't noticed Kodi or nfs-ganesha pushing out a version
           | with ads? There are many markets that have been captured by
           | duopolies and turned into inescapable extraction gauntlets,
           | but when you've got some actual market power you've got to
           | exercise it!
        
           | metadaemon wrote:
           | I think about this a lot. It's certainly not sustainable for
           | streaming companies to consistently increase end-user
           | pricing. I understand why they are doing it, but there will
           | only be an increasing number of individuals unwilling to
           | watch X amount of ads or pay X amount a month.
        
           | mmcconnell1618 wrote:
           | Large companies consolidate industries and have the
           | asymmetric advantage of more resources than individuals. They
           | can leverage AI and other economic models to extract more and
           | more from individuals. As we saw recently with Justice
           | Department case against RealPage, the large companies can
           | collude without officially colluding through better
           | information access.
           | 
           | The end result is that there is less slack in the economic
           | system. There are fewer and fewer opportunities for
           | individuals to leverage inefficiencies. It means there is
           | less room to be human. Less room to make mistakes.
        
           | danaris wrote:
           | This is enshittification[0], and while it's not a completely
           | new phenomenon, it has expanded enormously since the end of
           | zero interest rates.
           | 
           | It is just the latest way of transferring wealth from the
           | many to the few.
           | 
           | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enshittification
        
           | sensanaty wrote:
           | I'm back to just pirating everything, except for (many) games
           | 
           | It's like Gaben said, piracy is a service problem, not
           | entirely a cost problem. The same 20 euro subscription
           | would've gotten be 100x more movies and shows a few years
           | ago, whereas now it's split to a million random services.
           | Sometimes one season of a show is on 1 service, while the
           | next one is on a different one. You also can't get 4K
           | anywhere, every service has shit quality.
           | 
           | So why bother paying, when radarr lets me get 4k content of
           | anything I'd ever want to watch, completely for free?
        
             | sharpshadow wrote:
             | Absolutely I was shocked to see almost all movies on that
             | Amazon streaming service are 4EUR to watch onces. Why pay
             | for the service when most movies are not included and need
             | additional purchases.
             | 
             | I would like to see some data actually about each streaming
             | service content availability in a chart by country with
             | over time changes.
        
               | Suppafly wrote:
               | I really feel like amazon does themselves a disservice by
               | mixing paid for content in with the 'free with prime'
               | content. By not clearly differentiating which is which,
               | I'm sure they make money from people just happy to have
               | the content and willing to pay for it, but it pushes a
               | lot of other people away from the service altogether,
               | although maybe they are ok with that, since those people
               | will still pay for prime for the free shipping.
        
         | jacobsenscott wrote:
         | Yes, the asymmetry is how it is designed, but generative AI can
         | turn the tables there. You should be able to sic an AI on the
         | company and go back to watching your (AI generated) shows on
         | netflix.
        
           | DamnYuppie wrote:
           | How does this make sense? The insurance company has an
           | overwhelming asymmetric advantage in regards to the data that
           | is used to make such claim decisions and would be used to
           | train such AI agents. Unless of course you are referring to
           | legal proceedings specifically and not the data that would be
           | used in the case.
        
             | jacobsenscott wrote:
             | You overestimate the ability of an insurance company to
             | make use of AI - it will take them years of meetings,
             | internal political maneuvering, technical failures, etc.
             | Individuals can basically start using chatgpt today.
        
               | mrgoldenbrown wrote:
               | They already can reject your appeal based on BS like you
               | didn't fax a form correctly (or more likely, you did but
               | they claim they didn't get it), or they require a peer
               | consult with your doctor and chose a time he wasn't
               | available (on purpose). And don't forget they already use
               | tech to speed up denials - Cigna had one doctor "review"
               | and sign off on 60,000 a month via automation. That's
               | under a minute a case, assuming he worked 24/7. It takes
               | longer than that just to fax in your form. So you submit
               | an appeal via AI, they spend 20 seconds rejecting it,
               | with their tech stack from a few years ago. If they
               | invest in AI it's only getting worse for individuals
               | unless there are new regulations that put the burden of
               | proof on the corps instead of on patients and doctors.
        
               | Suppafly wrote:
               | >You overestimate the ability of an insurance company to
               | make use of AI
               | 
               | They already do, and it's pretty obvious.
        
           | floatrock wrote:
           | I have a queasy feeling that's not going to be how this
           | actually pans out.
           | 
           | It's clear the people adopting the AI systems are the big
           | co's -- we've been battling half-assed phone navigation
           | agents for a decade now, and more recently chatbots (often
           | with humorous results -- see the "No Backsies" car dealership
           | chatbot). AI always favors the one with more resources.
           | 
           | When you have AI's battling AI's, rather than making
           | progress, I suspect it'll actually result in confusion, more
           | delays as tighter roadblocks pop up, and probably some
           | humorous events like the infamous Dominos-vs-Papa-Johns prank
           | call https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ALnPVybD9X8 but darker
           | because it'll be about cancer treatments instead of pizza
           | prices.
           | 
           | The only winners will be data center operators, and the
           | losers will be everyone without access to the AI tools. In an
           | arms race, everyone loses in the long view.
        
           | mrmuagi wrote:
           | I feel like AI would and has been an edge companies would
           | field better than the average citizen. Even now calling a
           | companies phone line seems to be this weird rigmarole of
           | infuriatingly trying to tell a virtual agent your purpose.
        
           | Terr_ wrote:
           | Nah, at that point big companies will use their position to
           | impose a "must be communication from a real customer" policy,
           | and they'll implement a terrible "bot detector"... where a
           | high false-positive rate will be a _feature_ to them, not a
           | bug.
           | 
           | In other words "suspicious bot activity detected, start over"
           | and "account suspended for security reasons" will become new
           | crappy barriers to claims and appeals.
        
             | datavirtue wrote:
             | My AI has power of attorney.
        
               | Terr_ wrote:
               | Evil-genie wish granted: Your AI is now a person that can
               | hold power of attorney... _Buuuut_ you 're going to jail
               | for child-slavery.
        
               | datavirtue wrote:
               | I'm conflicted now.
        
           | mrgoldenbrown wrote:
           | But the asymmetry still exists. Which means your AI has to
           | fight a much better trained AI that the company developed
           | because it would rather spend 10 billion on AI than pay out
           | 11 billion in claims, and now you're still screwed.
        
         | karmakaze wrote:
         | The idea is to automate the tasks for the filing process.
         | 
         | > She began helping friends file appeals, too, then asked
         | herself a question that's typical for engineers: Could she
         | figure out a way to automate the process?
         | 
         | > After a year of tinkering, she just launched her answer:
         | Fight Health Insurance[0], an open-source platform that takes
         | advantage of large language models to help users generate
         | health insurance appeals with AI.
         | 
         | [0] https://fighthealthinsurance.com/
        
           | ToucanLoucan wrote:
           | And then health insurance companies downsize their legal
           | departments, replacing them with AI too.
           | 
           | Next thing you know the entire system is just a bunch of
           | large language models shooting email at one another and it
           | becomes even more unwieldy and irritating to engage with.
        
             | datavirtue wrote:
             | That sounds more efficient.
        
             | blargey wrote:
             | The equilibrium would still converge on the letter of the
             | policies and law, which is the goal of the endeavor.
             | 
             | What will happen to insurance companies (and policies) once
             | they can no longer rely on flippant violations to pad their
             | profits depends on other factors.
        
               | ToucanLoucan wrote:
               | I think it's a very generous assumption on your part that
               | increased infiltration of AI into this process will
               | benefit consumers more than the corporations. It would
               | make AI fundamentally different from... I mean, every
               | previous technological innovation in the history of
               | corporate structures, and previous to them, the robber-
               | baron empires?
               | 
               | And I mean, it _could be,_ the history has yet to be
               | written for AI in terms of it 's long-term effects on
               | industries, but I think as I said it's very generous on
               | your part to preemptively assume that it will benefit the
               | customers.
        
         | doctorpangloss wrote:
         | If some people stop paying bills, will healthcare prices go up,
         | or down?
         | 
         | Prices is a purposeful word choice. I don't mean costs, or
         | _your_ costs. I mean agnostic to who is paying - whether it's a
         | compulsory non tax payment via insurance and hence the price
         | the insurer sees, or the price you pay for insurance, or the
         | price that CMS pays for an appointment, whatever.
        
       | pj_mukh wrote:
       | The application form is a site to behold:
       | 
       | https://fighthealthinsurance.com/scan
       | 
       | Specifically laying out what and how everything is stored. Hahah.
       | Probably overwhelming to a non-dev, but Kudos either way!
        
       | secabeen wrote:
       | The insurance companies are already using AI to generate denials,
       | might as well use it to appeal them too.
        
       | OptionOfT wrote:
       | Health insurance is such a weird thing. It shouldn't exist. You
       | insure yourself against exceptional things. Yet we use insurance
       | for our yearly flu-shot, hardly exceptional.
       | 
       | And insurance doesn't want to pay out, that is their business,
       | which actually goes against the whole idea of healthcare. You
       | need to spend money now to prevent higher cost later.
       | 
       | (on the other hand, car insurance weirdly doesn't penalize you
       | for buying cheap tires, even though the difference between 4
       | cheap tires and 4 Michelin tires is less than the cost of a
       | deductible for you when miss out on those 10 ft of breaking
       | distance).
       | 
       | I'm about to switch healthcare plans and I'm already mentally
       | preparing (i.e. stressing out) to file appeals for some
       | medications I need that they will deny-by-default.
        
         | josefresco wrote:
         | I get your point but Michelin is a global company, that
         | manufacturers in over 60 countries. Maybe leave the "Chinese"
         | part out and go with just "cheap tires".
        
           | schmookeeg wrote:
           | I think those two are colloquially synonymous to most people.
           | Particularly those with Amazon Prime accounts :)
        
           | dotancohen wrote:
           | I used to work at the Vehicle Engineering Lab at the Technion
           | in Israel. China is the only place where large volume of
           | tires are manufactured and distributed to worldwide
           | retailers, which documents their tires using the DOT standard
           | yet consistently fails all DOT tests when tested. As the DOT
           | requires tires to be tested only after a certain number of
           | failures, the DOT standard is meaningless when the factory
           | can change owners and name on a whim. That consistently
           | happens only in China.
        
         | hervature wrote:
         | > You insure yourself against exceptional things.
         | 
         | This isn't strictly true. We insure against the unexceptional
         | as well. With regards to your specific example, I think
         | refunding the flu shot is perfectly reasonable and an elegant
         | solution to solving the social problem of getting people to be
         | healthy. We all pay higher premiums but only those that
         | actually do the preventative stuff get any benefit. Put another
         | way, if health care plans were $1/month cheaper and the cost of
         | the flu vaccine was $12, I'm pretty sure we'd see our already
         | lackluster yearly vaccination rate plummet.
        
           | GolDDranks wrote:
           | You are correct but not taking it far enough. Vaccines are
           | (often) cheap and preventative for diseases that are not
           | cheap to treat. I bet there are many cases where taking the
           | vaccine should not just be refundable, but actually discount
           | your rate.
        
           | MajimasEyepatch wrote:
           | On the other hand, imagine if you had to go through your car
           | insurance every time you had your oil changed or your tires
           | rotated (going for an annual wellness check). Or worse, every
           | time you had to fill up your gas tank (picking up a regular
           | prescription).
           | 
           | Ideally this sort of routine "maintenance" work would be
           | affordable and accessible to anyone, but we have layers of
           | middlemen in the way because the entire healthcare industry
           | in this country is designed to run everything through
           | insurance.
        
             | HarryHirsch wrote:
             | And then you have phenomena like a restaurant being closed
             | for deep cleaning because an outbreak of Hepatitis A was
             | traced back to it - a sick employee dragged himself to work
             | instead of being at home curing their disease.
             | 
             | So you go and take personal responsibility for your liver
             | and take the Hep A shot yourself. One wishes the government
             | supported life, liberty and happiness of its people and
             | offered labour protection, sick leave and healthcare to its
             | weakest citizens.
             | 
             | Vaccinations are a few hundred per shot, and the part-time
             | worker hasn't got insurance or the spare cash.
        
         | Buttons840 wrote:
         | > Health insurance is such a weird thing. It shouldn't exist.
         | You insure yourself against exceptional things. Yet we use
         | insurance for our yearly flu-shot, hardly exceptional.
         | 
         | I knew this in theory, but never really thought much about it.
         | 
         | I need a flu shot, so the company that makes the flu shot needs
         | to be compensated (paid), and the nurse that knows how to
         | inject it into my arm needs to be compensated, and that's it.
         | The manufacturer and nurses provided a sufficient
         | infrastructure to administer flu shots.
         | 
         | But in America, I also have to pay a bunch of insurance
         | companies. I used to make 6 figures as a programmer in the
         | insurance industry. I knew my salary ultimately came from the
         | high medical bills everyone pays, and while I didn't blame
         | myself personally for a nation wide problem, I would have been
         | happy to see my job and my company rendered obsolete and all of
         | us move onto more useful jobs.
         | 
         | I want to see a political cartoon where someone gets a flu shot
         | and then does their patriotic duty, opens their wallet, and
         | starts handing out money to half the nation. In the end,
         | there's even a few bucks left for the nurse.
         | 
         | I exaggerate a bit. In truth I think about 20% of US workers
         | are involved with the healthcare industry and the surrounding
         | insurance and other supporting industries (if I remember
         | correctly). I really do have to pay all those people every time
         | I have a medical bill.
         | 
         | Fixing healthcare costs will require a lot of people losing
         | their job, and that wont be popular.
        
           | mgkimsal wrote:
           | > Fixing healthcare costs will require a lot of people losing
           | their job, and that wont be popular.
           | 
           | And going to a 'single payer' model would also reduce jobs.
           | And the whole "they want to get rid of your insurance and
           | raise your taxes!".
           | 
           | Well, the taxes would be raised, but almost certainly to a
           | smaller extent than the price of the insurance policy you pay
           | for. A middle of the road health insurance policy for me
           | right now is around $1k/month. Whether _I_ pay for it, or an
           | employer offsets some of it - it 's beside the point. That's
           | $12k/year that is effectively a 'health tax', it's just not
           | called a 'tax'. Somehow, weirdly, we use the term 'benefit',
           | without with I may more easily and quickly die or languish in
           | pain. Some benefit ;)
           | 
           | But yes... if my taxes go up by $10k year, but I don't have
           | to pay for a health insurance policy... I'm still ahead. If I
           | pay for it all, and the employer is out of the loop, it'll
           | feel 'wrong' to many employed folks, but the employer will
           | have more money - they should either pay people more, or hire
           | more people (who used to work in private insurance
           | companies).
        
             | throwway120385 wrote:
             | It's a "health tax" that's administered entirely by a
             | private entity that you can't get rid of except by quitting
             | your job or by spending thousands of dollars extra per
             | month out of pocket.
             | 
             | I think if it's politically untenable to go single-payer
             | then every employer must instead be required to give you a
             | stipend every month to buy your own insurance. Then make it
             | illegal for a company to offer insurance for their own
             | employees. If everyone saw what it really cost and what
             | they were really getting there would be a lot more impetus
             | for changes.
        
               | kaibee wrote:
               | Honestly at this point I'd be happy if employers would
               | include on the paystub, the amount the company is
               | actually paying for health insurance for the employee. So
               | many people go around saying oh they have a job with
               | great health insurance that's only $100/month.
        
             | lostlogin wrote:
             | > That's $12k/year
             | 
             | You dont need to pay that much. You can halve that.
             | 
             | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_total_
             | h...
        
             | eadmund wrote:
             | > Somehow, weirdly, we use the term 'benefit', without with
             | I may more easily and quickly die or languish in pain. Some
             | benefit ;)
             | 
             | Not dying or languishing in pain sounds like a pretty
             | awesome benefit. And indeed, that's the problem with health
             | care: when one needs it, one will pay almost anything to
             | the provider.
             | 
             | Prices are a communication: they signal customers how to
             | ration goods, and producers how to produce them. The higher
             | the price, the fewer the customers but the more the
             | producers; the lower the prices, the more the customers but
             | the fewer the producers. In a free economy, it is possible
             | to say that the work output of one FAANG engineer is
             | economically worth that of 5 New York City garbagemen or 10
             | Podunk, Idaho janitors or 35 burger-flippers.
             | 
             | How many rolls of toilet paper is one vial of insulin
             | worth? Infinitely more, to someone who doesn't need
             | insulin. Some fraction, for someone who does. Some really
             | small fraction, for someone who needs it _right now_. It
             | doesn't make any sense for all three of those people to pay
             | the same price, for either the toilet paper or the insulin.
             | 
             | In a single-payer system, how much does the single payer
             | pay? How much do the producers of health care (e.g.,
             | physicians, surgeons, nurses, medical researchers,
             | pharmaceutical factories) get paid? It ends up being based
             | on the whims of the people setting those prices (a wage is
             | just a labour price), not on any fundamental voice of the
             | market -- and thus it is either too high, or too low, and
             | there is no feedback mechanism to constrain it. And that
             | means society will produce either too little or too much
             | health care, which means it will produce too much or too
             | little of _other_ things.
        
           | mapt wrote:
           | To participate in an American healthcare treatment you need
           | to interact with a private for-profit company which will shut
           | down if it doesn't on average attain significant
           | profitability; Let's say 30% goes to shareholders, taxes,
           | receptionists, keeping the lights on.
           | 
           | But they don't deal with everything. They have to interact
           | with upstream providers! And they have to pay somebody to
           | negotiate with them. So another 30%, and add 5% just to pay
           | somebody to bargain the price with the Flu Shot Distributor.
           | 
           | But the flu shot distributor has to interact with yet more
           | upstream providers - the flu shot packager, who interacts
           | with the flu shot pharmaceutical company, and the syringe
           | company. Everybody adds their overhead and then their
           | premium; "Price signals" become exponentially complex and
           | more a matter of the mood of the negotiation than anything
           | else.
           | 
           | This is all an externality of a non-vertically-integrated
           | capitalist system, which is somehow, somewhy, supposed to be
           | regulated by your desire to get a flu shot relative to your
           | ability to pay; It is not at all optimal in the market system
           | for everybody to get a flu shot, that defeats the fundamental
           | mechanism of the supply-demand curve.
           | 
           | https://siderea.dreamwidth.org/1179450.html this essay series
           | offers some of the better hypotheses on cost disease that I'm
           | familiar with.
        
           | polygotdomain wrote:
           | > Fixing healthcare costs will require a lot of people losing
           | their job, and that wont be popular.
           | 
           | Agreed, but I also don't think it _has_ to be this way. First
           | and foremost, a switch to single payer would mean that a lot
           | of the infrastructure that's currently in medical insurance
           | industry would need to shift towards being government
           | employees. While there'd be massive administrative savings
           | with single payer, there wouldn't be zero administration at
           | all.
           | 
           | I'd also posture that the US would never go full single
           | payer, and that there'd be supplemental plans similar to the
           | German model (and Medicare, to be fair), so while private
           | insurers would still exist, the administrative burden would
           | significantly lower.
           | 
           | In the end, you'd still end up with a lot of people losing
           | their job, but it wouldn't be a complete wipe out of the
           | industry. Certain areas would get hit harder than others with
           | the insurance brokers likely getting cut out big time.
           | 
           | > In truth I think about 20% of US workers are involved with
           | the healthcare industry and the surrounding insurance and
           | other supporting industries
           | 
           | That seems pretty high to me. I wonder what made you come up
           | with those numbers.
        
         | jrockway wrote:
         | I really think that health insurance is this. Your premiums
         | cover the yearly risk of getting cancer plus a constant amount
         | for preventative care; a couple vaccines (get your HPV vaccine
         | if you haven't!) and a physical exam.
         | 
         | I'm looking at my EOBs for this year, and all insurance has
         | done by their own documentation is negotiate discounts for care
         | I've received. I think they have paid $0 of their own money.
         | Meanwhile, I'm still paying premiums, but I don't know for
         | what!
        
         | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
         | The problem with this analysis is (at least) two fold:
         | 
         | 1. health care is a mixture of the predictable and the utterly
         | unpredictable. It is vaccines, regular exams, and minor trauma
         | care. But it is also cancer, severe trauma, rare diseases.
         | 
         | 2. insurance in its purest form is not a business but a way of
         | pooling resources and distributing risk. Even in some countries
         | with socialized health insurance, it is still called
         | "insurance" for that very reason. We could get rid of every
         | for-profit health insurance company in the USA tomorrow, and
         | we'd still want something that is in every way just like
         | "insurance" and would likely still be called that.
        
           | Terr_ wrote:
           | > Even in some countries with socialized health insurance, it
           | is still called "insurance"
           | 
           | To add another data-point: In the US, the real name for the
           | law behind "Social Security" is "Old-Age, Survivors, and
           | Disability Insurance".
           | 
           | That said, it is frequently mis-characterized in our
           | political discourse, with people making apples-to-oranges
           | comparisons to investment accounts. I blame that on bank
           | lobbyists' attempts to take the money for themselves. Anyway,
           | if one views it as "old and unable to support yourself"
           | insurance, many of its "weird quirks" make perfect sense.
        
         | throwaway-blaze wrote:
         | The weirdest thing about health insurance in the US is how tied
         | it is to employment, Obamacare helped a little with this. The
         | second weirdest thing is that insurance companies can't offer
         | more tightly defined plans for, say, young people who never go
         | to the doctor except for critical/emergency care vs me who goes
         | a couple times a year for various things. Obamacare did not
         | help with this, at all.
        
           | Retric wrote:
           | Age impacts health insurance costs, but health insurance is
           | specifically excluded for considering existing conditions
           | because people can't get long term coverage.
           | 
           | If someone gets a chronic condition while covered the company
           | isn't paying out a lifetime benefit, so they soon need to
           | renegotiate rates while sick even though they had insurance
           | while they got sick.
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | > The second weirdest thing is that insurance companies can't
           | offer more tightly defined plans for, say, young people who
           | never go to the doctor except for critical/emergency care vs
           | me who goes a couple times a year for various things.
           | 
           | That's not weird; it's essential for the system to work,
           | because you can rapidly move from "never go to the doctor"
           | into "seven figures of healthcare spend" without much
           | warning.
           | 
           | We used to have "high risk pools"; it was horrific.
           | https://www.kff.org/affordable-care-act/issue-brief/high-
           | ris...
        
           | SkyPuncher wrote:
           | One the second point, they essentially offer this with high
           | deductible plans. Essentially, these plans really only make
           | sense if you only expect to have emergency care (like young
           | people).
        
             | HarryHirsch wrote:
             | These things don't make sense even for young people because
             | at a young age people tend not to have savings, and a
             | medical emergency can totally wipe out your finances.
             | Remember what they told you about burial insurance: it's a
             | scam, except for young people who don't have savings
        
           | mindslight wrote:
           | Well the entire public policy point of insurance is to have
           | the people who pay in but don't really use it subsidize the
           | people who end up needing it. This dynamic is why the ACA had
           | an individual mandate, which addressed the incentive of young
           | healthy people to not want to pay in.
           | 
           | It would be sensible if we were talking about one society-
           | wide pool (ie single payer), since those younger people would
           | end up being subsidized as they developed health conditions.
           | But as it stands having many pools run by independent
           | companies is fraught with perverse incentives, since an
           | "insurance" company is quite happy to have you as a customer
           | when you're paying in, but much less happy when they're
           | paying out.
        
           | jabroni_salad wrote:
           | There is actually a decent way to do that.
           | 
           | You get a high deductible catastrophe plan, and bolt on a
           | Direct Primary Care provider for simple things. The DPC is a
           | doctor who you pay a small retainer (My guy is $70/mo) and
           | the main reason that the cost is so low is that he does not
           | need to staff a billing department due to simply not
           | integrating with insurance at all. I keep $10K in an HSA to
           | cover my deductible if I need to.
           | 
           | DPC doctors also keep a much smaller patient roster so it is
           | pretty easy to book time with him and he isn't being
           | pressured by some middle manager to keep every interaction at
           | 10 minutes or less. Once you see how this all works it's easy
           | to become singlepayer-pilled because wow the whole medical
           | scene could pay providers better, offer higher quality
           | services, and have competitive pricing if we could just get
           | around to deleting the billing department and insurance
           | company.
        
             | abecedarius wrote:
             | Unfortunately the high-deductible catastrophic care plans
             | are a lot less attractive ever since Obamacare. I agree
             | about your advice as the least bad choice (afaik) when you
             | don't have coverage you like through work.
        
             | matwood wrote:
             | If you're making income you should max your HSA. It's
             | triple tax advantaged.
             | 
             | https://www.investopedia.com/articles/personal-
             | finance/12071...
        
           | snarf21 wrote:
           | This was a consequence of WW II labor shortages and the
           | government froze wages. So companies used benefits like
           | health care instead. It should have been outlawed after the
           | war. It is very anti-worker and many people won't change jobs
           | for no reason other than healthcare. It has also created an
           | issue where the health "insurance" companies don't have to
           | compete like they do in car insurance, etc.
        
           | Brian_K_White wrote:
           | It is entirely correct that the young have to pay for the
           | old. It's not robbing from the young who "don't need" it.
           | It's the young paying for their own selves who absolutely
           | will need it.
           | 
           | Setting aside the reality of the system which will happily
           | collect premiums for 40 years and then use any slightest
           | technicality to avoid paying in the end, ie like changing
           | jobs or providers and it's like you were born on the day of
           | that switch and haven't been paying in your whole life. That
           | is a seperate issue from the simple concept that the young
           | somehow "don't need" to be contributing to the health care
           | pool because they "don't need" to dip from it.
           | 
           | In this, there are no individuals and it's not some elective
           | luxury like how much you want to blow on toys.
           | 
           | Merely in the US, we have been treating it like it was,
           | except even worse, because when I buy a fancy over the top
           | steak, I know the price ahead of time and get no surprises
           | after the fact either. I don't just get hit with $500 steak
           | bills with no warning or choice or recourse and thank god my
           | boss takes $12k out of my salary so that I only have to pay a
           | $50 deductible and fill out 3 forms correctly for that $500
           | steak I didn't ask for...
        
         | golergka wrote:
         | > Health insurance is such a weird thing. It shouldn't exist.
         | You insure yourself against exceptional things. Yet we use
         | insurance for our yearly flu-shot, hardly exceptional.
         | 
         | I treat it more like a subscription. I pay a little over $100 a
         | month for health insurance. A doctor visit would cost around
         | $10-20 out of pocket, so it wouldn't be worth it. However, the
         | insurance also costs with 50% discount on medicine, which ends
         | up right about $80 a month (in discount), so it pays itself
         | back more or less.
        
           | kaibee wrote:
           | > I pay a little over $100 a month for health insurance.
           | 
           | Sorry friend, your total comp likely something like
           | $800~$1400 lighter per month due to health insurance. The
           | fact is that your company is paying the vast majority of your
           | actual premium and you just never see that money as coming
           | out of your paycheck.
           | 
           | https://www.completepayrollsolutions.com/blog/how-much-
           | does-...
        
             | golergka wrote:
             | I work as a contractor. My company is one country, my legal
             | entity that receives SWIFT transfers, invoiced every week,
             | is in a second country, and I live and pay medical
             | insurance in a third country.
        
         | amarshall wrote:
         | Health Insurance pays for vaccines and other preventative care
         | in part because they believe that doing so will cost them less
         | money in the long run.
         | 
         | Somewhat similarly, car insurance will often give discounts for
         | completing defensive driving classes, and home insurance for
         | having an alarm system.
        
         | alphazard wrote:
         | Insurance isn't weird. We have been trading risk for thousands
         | of years, and modern insurance companies have existed for
         | hundreds of years.
         | 
         | What's weird about health insurance in the US is that it's
         | often tied to an employer, and you can't freely switch between
         | insurance providers on a whim. It's a way worse experience than
         | insuring a car, which can be done on a phone in a few minutes.
        
           | jacobsenscott wrote:
           | It's weird you use your insurance to get a routine shot or
           | exam. I don't use my car insurance to put gas in my car, or
           | get the brake pads changed. I use it when someone does
           | thousands of dollars of damage to my car.
        
             | throwway120385 wrote:
             | If the type of fuel or the type of brake pads you put on
             | had a direct impact on your likelihood of getting in a
             | giant accident in the future they would regulate that and
             | require you to buy from insurance-approved brake companies.
             | 
             | In effect this is how home appliances are regulated. You
             | have companies like ETL Intertek and Underwriters
             | Laboratories performing fire and electrical safety testing
             | of home appliances, originally on behalf of homeowner's
             | insurance companies(See the definition of "Underwriter").
             | It's effectively self-regulating because the Intertek or UL
             | stamp implies a certain degree of care. And based on some
             | lease provisions I've seen the insurance companies for
             | buildings do require use of certified equipment as a
             | condition of coverage in many cases.
        
             | DennisP wrote:
             | It's not weird if you consider that paying for preventive
             | care tends to be profitable for the insurance companies,
             | because it's cheaper than paying for the problems that
             | arise if you skip preventive care.
             | 
             | Auto insurance doesn't pay for your gas because they don't
             | have to pay a claim if you run out of gas.
        
               | chimeracoder wrote:
               | > It's not weird if you consider that paying for
               | preventive care tends to be profitable for the insurance
               | companies, because it's cheaper than paying for the
               | problems that arise if you skip preventive care.
               | 
               | This is often repeated, but it's simply not true.
               | Preventive care is _better_ for patients in the long run,
               | but at a population scale it is more expensive than
               | foregoing it.
               | 
               | And that is _before_ you account for the fact that
               | patient churn is quite high (especially since most plans
               | are linked to employment). An intervention that cost
               | money today and may increase costs within the next few
               | years (due to followup care) is much more expensive for
               | insurers if the savings will only be realized in 10+
               | years, when the patient has moved on to another job and
               | so is no longer on their plan.
               | 
               | Very few medical interventions save money in the short-
               | and medium-term at a population level. That's reflected
               | in the fact that health insurers didn't cover most
               | preventive care until required to by law (the ACA), and
               | even then they routinely simply ignore this provision of
               | the law. If it were profitable for them to follow the
               | law, why would they go out of their way to break it?
        
             | II2II wrote:
             | If you don't put gas into your car, it does not run. The
             | chances of the car incurring thousands of dollars of damage
             | is negligible. The insurance company will pay for the
             | routine shot or exam since they both help to avoid medical
             | complications that would drive up the cost of care.
             | 
             | Granted, the comparison is imperfect. Medical insurance
             | won't pay for a healthy diet (another way to reduce health
             | problems) and replacing the brakes on a car would reduce
             | the chances of an accident causing thousands of dollars of
             | damages ... but we are human, and sometimes it is a miracle
             | that we even take half measures.
        
               | recursive wrote:
               | Oil changes seem like a perfect analog for flu shots in
               | the comparison. I think it's a reasonable and good
               | question why health care is so thoroughly intertwined
               | with insurance.
        
             | alphazard wrote:
             | It's weird that you can't see the prices for those things
             | and that the insurance companies pay a different price than
             | individuals. That's evidence there isn't a functioning
             | market for most medical services in the US.
             | 
             | But it's not weird that the insurance company wants you to
             | get a flu shot or exam, since those things prevent them
             | from paying out more money later.
             | 
             | In reality there is some cross over point, where the flu
             | shot isn't worth it for younger people, and is for older
             | people. If you are young/healthy, get the flu and totally
             | recover with a few Tylenol, and no insurance claims, then
             | it clearly wasn't worth a $10 vaccine to prevent. That's
             | the analysis for the insurance company. Depending on how
             | you value your time, and time spent sick, your individual
             | analysis may be different.
        
           | pyuser583 wrote:
           | Group insurance isn't weird at all.
           | 
           | Health insurance is new, because until the 1920s/30s the
           | salary loss from sickness was more expensive than medical
           | care, so that's what was insured against.
           | 
           | But no sooner was demand for health insurance created than it
           | was pushed into groups. In America, there's never been a time
           | where non-group insurance was the norm.
           | 
           | The reasons is clear: healthy people would not get coverage,
           | but sick people would.
        
         | gnopgnip wrote:
         | >You insure yourself against exceptional things. Yet we use
         | insurance for our yearly flu-shot, hardly exceptional.
         | 
         | Insurance makes it free to get a flu shot because it makes
         | everyone healthier and lowers their expenses. Similar to how
         | you get a discount on car for installing a theft prevention
         | device.
         | 
         | Insurance isn't just about insuring for exceptional events
         | either. It results in a better allocation of resources. By
         | incentivizing reducing risk to reduce premiums. Insurance is
         | also a huge boon to providers who would otherwise need to spend
         | much more time pursuing non payment, or entirely deny services
         | to financially risky patients. And then this goes back to the
         | outcomes for society at large.
        
         | Terr_ wrote:
         | > Health insurance is such a weird thing. It shouldn't exist.
         | 
         | Half-disagree: "Health insurance" is a big group that includes
         | a whole ton of things, and only a _subset_ of those don 't make
         | much sense.
         | 
         | There are plenty of other maladies/treatments which _should_ be
         | insurable because not everyone will get /need them but everyone
         | has a risk that can be understood mathematically.
         | 
         | > Yet we use insurance for our yearly flu-shot, hardly
         | exceptional.
         | 
         |  _In isolation_ , no, but "unusually extreme case of the flu"
         | _is_ something that can be insured because it is a rare
         | stochastic problem.
         | 
         | So out of enlightened self-interest, the regular boring
         | preventative measure gets insured as a way to _reduce the odds_
         | of the exceptional case occurring and needing a payout.
        
         | fn-mote wrote:
         | > Health insurance is such a weird thing. It shouldn't exist.
         | You insure yourself against exceptional things. Yet we use
         | insurance for our yearly flu-shot, hardly exceptional.
         | 
         | Yes. The problem here is that (in the US) the "insurance" part
         | is combined with the "price negotiating power of an association
         | with lots of members" part.
         | 
         | I think it is well known that the non-insurance "list price"
         | for a procedure is many times higher than the actual price that
         | should be paid. Witness the comment here about the $150k bill
         | for a procedure that was settled for $30k once insurance
         | admitted they had to pay.
         | 
         | This is one of the reasons that you really can't be paying for
         | medical expenses without the weight of the insurance company
         | behind you - your bills will not be (what I consider to be)
         | fair at all.
        
       | parpfish wrote:
       | i'd love to fight my insurance, but it's so unnecessarily
       | confusing.
       | 
       | instead of describing the process in plain language, everything
       | is wrapped in so many layers of legalese that even the 'happy
       | path' becomes impentrable.
       | 
       | i particularly hate the 'EOB' which they tell you 'this isn't a
       | bill' but then they make it look as much like a bill as possible
       | and don't really tell you what its for other than to show off
       | that insurance is... around
        
       | peer2pay wrote:
       | Kudos to her for making this open source and free to users!
        
       | kayo_20211030 wrote:
       | I see what's going on here. It's another example of
       | externalization of costs. Doctors have no incentive to fight the
       | denial of insurance. They should, but it's not important yet. If
       | they have to sue you eventually for the billed cost, they will;
       | or at least they'll sell the debt to a collection agency at some
       | number of cents on the dollar. The Insurance company most
       | definitely doesn't have an incentive. Once you're denied, they're
       | off the hook. They kick it back to the provider, and ultimately
       | to you through some debt collection agency. The only person that
       | has an incentive is you. And now you're stuck with the cost;
       | either in dollars or time, but what's the difference really? It's
       | going to cost you either way. Maybe Holden Karau's approach is
       | good and valid, but should it be converted to a paying service
       | we're just back at square one where it's either time or money.
       | Maybe there'll be a discount which makes it cheaper net/net, but
       | who knows? The little person here is the patient. All the others,
       | doctors and insurers, are the big persons. The little person
       | absorbs the cost, whether they want to or not.
        
       | baq wrote:
       | I fully expect a disruptive startup to leverage large context
       | LLMs to offer a service which understands policies and
       | automatically (as much as possible) appeals any and all insurance
       | company shenanigans with all means available. (Need a large
       | context window to get all the legal and policy texts into there.)
       | 
       | Also, not living in US, I wouldn't be surprised to learn that:
       | 
       | - any attempts to implement this will be met with weapons-grade
       | lobbying on all levels to make it illegal
       | 
       | - it was attempted and litigated to hell and back and hence
       | forced to shut down
       | 
       | - this business model is illegal already, neither lobbying nor
       | litigation necessary
        
       | xyst wrote:
       | Health insurance and this anti health insurance product reminds
       | me of the "time share" industry and time share exit companies.
       | However, unlike the exit companies. This is actually useful.
       | 
       | Hope it ends up working out, and makes it sustainable. Although
       | one thing about insurance companies is that they have made the
       | rules of this game.
       | 
       | Some sources indicate there is some legal requirement or right
       | granted to patients for these internal reviews. But I can't find
       | the exact law.
       | 
       | If this service takes off, I wouldn't be surprised if the
       | language of this law changes over the years to make it more
       | difficult to file patient appeals (or make it outright
       | impossible).
        
       | SomaticPirate wrote:
       | Wow! Amazing job! I briefly met Holden at Kubecon. What an
       | incredible engineer.
        
       | thih9 wrote:
       | > "Part of that is an unreasonable willingness to take things too
       | far," Karau said.
       | 
       | How many people lack that? And how many companies have the
       | resources to take things even further? I wish there was another
       | way to get this outcome. Baby steps, I guess; and this platform
       | in particular sounds like a good step.
        
       | valenterry wrote:
       | I don't think that's the way to go.
       | 
       | First, insurance and everything else (including your job) should
       | be strictly decoupled.
       | 
       | Second, health-insurance and life-insurance companies should imho
       | be required to be cooperatives. That makes it so that incentives
       | are aligned.
       | 
       | That the instance company is denying certain claims (both wrongly
       | and rightly) is perfectly fine. In fact, that is good. It's part
       | of the core business to protect against abuse. The balance is
       | important here and will reflect in the premiums.
       | 
       | Those two things should already fix most major issues in
       | insurance in a working market with competition.
        
       | LorenPechtel wrote:
       | I think the real answer here is to have bad behavior cost rather
       | than trying to legislate it.
       | 
       | A company owes you something and doesn't promptly pay. If you
       | prevail in the end and the original problem wasn't on your end
       | what they owe gets a multiplier and then a high interest rate.
       | 
       | Several years ago I got totaled. The woman came up with a few
       | bits of nonsense that clearly didn't match up with reality but
       | the woman from the insurance company saw right through that and
       | knew there was no possible way I contributed to it. Then they
       | ghosted me until I filed a complaint with the insurance
       | regulator.
       | 
       | Make that say 50% or 100% higher, then maybe a couple percent of
       | interest from the date that they should have paid. This would
       | make such tactics not in their interest because failure doesn't
       | mean just doing what they should have anyway.
        
         | ToucanLoucan wrote:
         | I've considered several times what a difference it would be if
         | legal work by individuals was considered a billable expense in
         | the event of the individuals winning. I think it would level
         | the playing field at lease somewhat with regard to the inherent
         | advantage any corporation has via having a legal division full
         | of lawyers over a regular Joe trying to get justice.
         | 
         | But yeah, if some farmer has to sue John Deere to be able to
         | fix his tractor or whatever, that's going to take a ton of his
         | valuable time to deal with. Why shouldn't he be compensated in
         | the event he was correct?
        
         | joe_the_user wrote:
         | Uh, Fines are part of regulation. Fines are what makes
         | regulations stick. Regulation is based on legislation. Of
         | course, it's bad to have Legislation that tries to enforce
         | things that regulators already have the tools to enforce (but
         | aren't using). But broadly, if you want a hammer big enough
         | that a profit-seeking corporation will avoid any tap with it,
         | you want legislation. The usual schemes that imply companies
         | will face costs without regulation being in effect (basically
         | "let the market decide") won't work with individual consumers
         | versus health providers or insurance companies.
        
       | blackeyeblitzar wrote:
       | I have to say the worst health insurance company, that I
       | consistently hear complaints about, is Aetna. Multiple parents
       | have shared how difficult it was to get them to cover their labor
       | and delivery costs even though it was clearly a part of their
       | coverage. All of them had to spend hours on repeated phone calls
       | over _several months_ to get them to cover it. Once a claim is
       | denied initially, Aetna's appeals and reviews each take 30-60
       | business days for each step, and they usually have wait times of
       | 1-2 hours. Exhausted mothers who should be enjoying their
       | precious time with newborns are instead drowning under stress
       | from being on the hook for five figure sums, and Aetna knows that
       | they cannot be on the phone for hours. I suspect it's all a
       | purposeful strategy to frustrate people and prevent them from
       | collecting on their claims.
       | 
       | In my opinion, if an insurance company ends up paying a claim
       | that was denied, they should be forced to compensate the person
       | for all the time spent, including wait times on hold, at 5x the
       | equivalent hourly wage that person would have earned.
        
       | simonw wrote:
       | This is such a great example of the kind of disruptive impact we
       | can expect from LLMs.
       | 
       | It exposes part of how the health insurance industry works:
       | 
       | "Out of roughly 40 denials, she won more than 90% of her appeals,
       | she estimates"
       | 
       | Most people don't have the stamina to dig in when this happens,
       | so my guess is the entire insurance industry is designed around
       | the assumption that a lot of valid claims won't be paid out.
       | 
       | It's obviously disgusting that the industry has incorrect denials
       | baked into their business model.
       | 
       | If we fix that with LLMs, what happens? It's going to have knock-
       | on effects, since it could eliminate the profit margin these
       | companies have right now.
        
       | bluedemon wrote:
       | I wonder if someone made one for credit card disputes.
        
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