[HN Gopher] A Starter's guide on recovering damaged and rotten CDs
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       A Starter's guide on recovering damaged and rotten CDs
        
       Author : nixass
       Score  : 68 points
       Date   : 2024-08-18 15:21 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (secnigma.wordpress.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (secnigma.wordpress.com)
        
       | xnzakg wrote:
       | https://archive.is/djjCY
       | 
       | Wasn't able to easily decline cookies.
        
       | stavros wrote:
       | > Dvdisaster can be used to generate error correction code files
       | for an optical disc, which is in good condition. We should then
       | store this ECC file in a safe place.
       | 
       | Can't store some data reliably for a long time? You can mitigate
       | it by storing some _other_ data reliably for a long time.
        
         | buran77 wrote:
         | If you already have a lot of data on older, less reliable
         | storage formats you have the choice of keeping a full copy all
         | that data on something with higher reliability, or store just a
         | small fraction of it in the form of the ECC file.
         | 
         | The first option may be technically more sound but comes with a
         | larger investment in terms of time and money. Second option may
         | be less reliable but with significant savings. It's up to the
         | owner of the data to decide how to balance these.
        
           | stavros wrote:
           | What sort of higher-reliability options (than a Blu-ray) does
           | a consumer have? I struggle to think of something that's not
           | fairly niche, eg a magnetic tape drive.
        
             | buran77 wrote:
             | > higher-reliability options
             | 
             | You'd be comparing to an old optical disc. So almost
             | anything is higher reliability than that, starting with a
             | newer optical disc and probably ending at any cloud
             | storage.
             | 
             | > does a consumer have
             | 
             | This isn't limited just to your average consumer. DVDs are
             | still in use in libraries and different archives which
             | can't afford to store a full backup.
             | 
             | We've had parity checks appended to the very same data to
             | be protected for so long because it does protect from some
             | common failure modes even if not from all. Dvdisaster goes
             | one step beyond and gives the option to store the ECC file
             | elsewhere. Definitely better than nothing and probably even
             | with a very good cost/benefit ratio.
        
               | self_awareness wrote:
               | buran77 wrote: > You'd be comparing to an old optical
               | disc. So almost anything is higher > reliability than
               | that, starting with a newer optical disc and probably
               | ending > at any cloud storage.
               | 
               | Is "cloud" really being considered as a viable backup
               | solution?
               | 
               | I mean, some of my CDs are _older_ than most of today 's
               | "cloud" servers and can be read just fine.
        
               | buran77 wrote:
               | > some of my CDs are older than most of today's "cloud"
               | servers and can be read just fine.
               | 
               | And if you're happy being able to recover "some" of your
               | data that's a perfectly legitimate option. Write CDs and
               | DVDs, save to HDDs and SSDs, to the cloud, print on
               | paper, or a combination of all. Only you know your data
               | and its importance.
               | 
               | But what you'll want to ask yourself though is how many
               | CDs written since than _can 't_ be read just fine. I have
               | books from before electricity was a thing and still am
               | thoroughly convinced paper is not the best for long term
               | preservation.
               | 
               | My oldest cloud stored data that I can verify is a 25
               | year old email in my Yahoo mailbox. I have stamped CDs
               | that survived that long, no written CD that I can think
               | of.
        
               | self_awareness wrote:
               | Well, Yahoo is one of the few e-mail providers that
               | survived the last 25 years. I had e-mails on multiple
               | providers which don't exist since a long time. That
               | brings another question, how do you even know that the
               | cloud company will even exist in the next 25 years? I
               | think Yahoo is now enforcing OAuth authorization. Maybe
               | next step is to remove IMAP? How do you know that they're
               | not planning it?
               | 
               | The point is that it's impossible to try and predict how
               | the cloud will look like in the future. One day we can
               | end up receiving an e-mail that we need to download all
               | data from the cloud because they're ending their
               | operation. And the future of paper/CDs can be predicted
               | easily.
               | 
               | If anyone's worried about the lifespan of CDs, it's
               | always possible to copy the collection once every few
               | years.
               | 
               | Also I think that paper could be a viable backup
               | solution, at least for e.g. family photos -- print,
               | encapsulate, hide in a dark and dry place.
        
             | poikroequ wrote:
             | Are hard drives such a terrible solution? Setup a RAID5 or
             | RAID6 array and you could easily backup thousands of DVDs
             | for less than $1000.
        
               | stavros wrote:
               | For around five years, sure.
        
               | poikroequ wrote:
               | I have hard drives which are 15 years old that still work
               | just fine. Yeah, hard drives do fail, that's why you use
               | RAID5 or RAID6.
               | 
               | 8TB HDDs can be had for around $100 each. Four of these
               | in RAID5 gives you 24TB. That's enough to backup 5000
               | DVDs (single layer) or 2800 dual layer DVDs.
        
               | stavros wrote:
               | I have a NAS with four drives, I had to replace all four
               | of them 5-7 years later. You must be very lucky if your
               | drives work 15 years later.
        
               | buran77 wrote:
               | stavros, to understand if any precautionary measure is
               | effective you must first understand what you're
               | protecting yourself against. Your line of argumentation
               | is moving the goalposts a lot and punctuating each stop
               | with "that's not good". Between the lines I take it
               | you're aiming for "perfect" or at the very least
               | "absolute best" protection. The first doesn't exist, the
               | second is only interesting for only very few.
               | 
               | If you're protecting your data from minor damage and
               | decay of the DVD that stores it, having an ECC file
               | stored elsewhere (a newer DVD, or HDD, or cloud) is the
               | lowest effort and cost option but still a big step
               | forward in resilience. It doesn't matter how long each
               | medium lasts, all that matters is that they don't fail at
               | the same time. Pick your HDDs from different
               | manufacturers, models, or batches and the chance that all
               | fail within the same short time period without external
               | influence are exceptionally low. And when one does fail
               | you replace it. You'll never get a one time perfect
               | solution, you're just buying time to rebuild your
               | resilience when you take a hit.
               | 
               | If you're protecting against the complete destruction of
               | the disk then an ECC file won't do, you'll need a full
               | copy. Or multiple copies, and in multiple locations. Or
               | on different mediums with very different reliability
               | curves. You might want to protect against internal or
               | external malicious actions, technical obsolescence of the
               | medium or data format, vendor lock-in, or political
               | instability. No one size fits all solution, certainly not
               | a cost conscious one.
        
               | stavros wrote:
               | My use case is my dad (or anyone's dad) backing up family
               | photos. It's reasonable to teach my dad to write a few
               | CDs, but it's not reasonable to teach him how to
               | administrate his own NAS, set up RAIDZ, figure out a way
               | to store an ECC file, etc.
               | 
               | For my dad, and anyone just tech-savvy enough to select a
               | bunch of files, put a disk in the drive and click "burn",
               | the choices are either DVD (which deteriorates) or a
               | cloud solution. Anything else is too much, including
               | "here's a NAS, it'll last you forever as long as you keep
               | it plugged in".
        
               | buran77 wrote:
               | But stavros, you started this thread by complaining that
               | the solution is bad because in order to protect your data
               | you have to create additional data to protect. This is
               | the most basic definition of data resilience and misses a
               | very critical point: with this in place you only have to
               | worry half as much about each data set randomly failing
               | (you halved the chance of simultaneous failure, all else
               | equal).
               | 
               | Then you moved to the (unsupported) argument that
               | consumers don't have reliable options. Then to the
               | (unsupported) argument that hard drives fail after 5
               | years. Then to the argument that some users are not tech
               | savvy enough to use anything more complex than a CD.
               | 
               | The last one is the only realistic yet still relatively
               | weak complaint. It doesn't invalidate in any way the
               | option proposed in the article. Looking at dvdisaster
               | creating an ECC file is at most just as complicated as
               | generating the data you're looking to protect. Using a
               | commercial cloud storage solution is equally straight
               | forward. A consumer friendly NAS is very easy to use
               | while not so obvious how to fix in case of failure but
               | that's why you're there to set it up and set a sync to
               | the cloud(s).
               | 
               | I hope you taught your father how to select appropriate
               | quality media blanks, what are the optimum storage
               | conditions, how often to check that the data is still
               | readable, what to do when a disc becomes unreadable or
               | very hard to read, how to replace the optical drive when
               | it fails or there's dirt on the lens, and so on.
        
               | onewheeltom wrote:
               | There is also the archival quality BluRay M-disc media
        
       | account42 wrote:
       | Beware that GNU ddrescue and dd_rescue are different tools but
       | both are sometimes referred to as simply ddrescue. You almost
       | certainly want the GNU version.
        
       | tripflag wrote:
       | One trick not mentioned in the article is to repeat the ddrescue
       | with the same CD in different drives; this almost entirely saved
       | my unreadable CDs, as no single drive could read them entirely.
       | 
       | My biggest savior was a Pioneer BDR-AD07BK which managed to read
       | some discs that other drives couldn't even get the TOC off!
       | 
       | I wrote a gnu-ddrescue wrapper back then to avoid accidentally
       | resuming a read to the wrong iso (only ever tested on alpine):
       | https://github.com/9001/usr-local-bin/blob/master/miso
        
       | aidenn0 wrote:
       | So, I ripped all of my DVDs recently to use on a HTPC, and I ran
       | into about 3 discs that could not be read, but would play in a
       | DVD player. I checked and they do not appear to be discs that are
       | known to have any fancy copy protection.
       | 
       | I ran ddrescue on two different DVD drives and a blu-ray drive,
       | up to the point where 48 hours would pass with no new data
       | recovered. This left me with still several minutes of video that
       | was unwatchable.
       | 
       | I solved it by spending about $12 to get used copies of all 3,
       | which ripped fine. Any idea(s) that I could try had that option
       | not been available?
        
       | Lammy wrote:
       | The most important preventative measure in my experience: don't
       | lay CDs upside-down in the name of """protecting""" them! I know
       | it's counter-intuitive, because I used to do it myself, but take
       | a look at a cross-section of a CD and you'll see why it's the
       | worst possible thing you can inadvertently do. The data layer is
       | directly under the label, and the bottom of the disc is
       | relatively well-protected in comparison: https://www.clir.org/wp-
       | content/uploads/sites/6/fig2-3.jpg
       | 
       | This is also the reason why all-over-print CDs are better
       | survivors than discs whose obverse design integrates the raw
       | silver. Note that this is specific to CDs -- DVDs and BDs have
       | protection on both sides!
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-08-19 23:02 UTC)