[HN Gopher] Why did Borland ignore the Macintosh market?
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Why did Borland ignore the Macintosh market?
        
       Author : SeenNotHeard
       Score  : 113 points
       Date   : 2024-08-13 18:09 UTC (3 days ago)
        
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       | Suppafly wrote:
       | "They didn't" pretty easy answer. Also the idea that they lost
       | "even though their products were technically superior to
       | Microsoft's offerings" is sorta unsupported and is obviously
       | subjective.
        
         | JohnFen wrote:
         | Borland made the best dev tools in their day, but they sorta
         | lost the edge early in the Builder run and other tools became
         | more desirable. At least, that's why I stopped using them.
         | 
         | I don't know about Mac support. I did Apple development during
         | those days as well, but I didn't use Borland tools for that, I
         | used CodeWarrior.
        
           | Someone wrote:
           | > I did Apple development during those days as well, but I
           | didn't use Borland tools for that, I used CodeWarrior.
           | 
           | Are you sure "those days" were the same days? Turbo Pascal
           | for Mac was released in 1986 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T
           | urbo_Pascal#Turbo_Pascal_for_...), CodeWarrior in 1994
           | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CodeWarrior#Release). By that
           | time, I think Borland already had left the Mac market.
        
             | JohnFen wrote:
             | Yes, you're absolutely right. The past starts to all blend
             | together.
        
           | Suppafly wrote:
           | I think CodeWarrior was just the superior IDE for anything
           | Mac back in the day. I wasn't a mac guy, but I recall it
           | basically being the only option my buddies would consider
           | back then.
        
             | JohnFen wrote:
             | CodeWarrior was really great. I think it's one of the best
             | IDEs to be produced to this day.
        
               | nobleach wrote:
               | Few things unlock my late 90's programming nostalgia like
               | hearing "CodeWarrior". "Eiffel" is a close second. Kylix
               | is also on that list.
        
               | com wrote:
               | Whatever happened to Eiffel?
               | 
               | Just left behind by the March of Java?
        
               | pjmlp wrote:
               | Yes, and no, they were left by FOSS programming languages
               | and modern devs not wanting to pay for their tools.
               | 
               | Just like Borland/Embarcadero, they now live from
               | enterprises with deep pockets.
               | 
               | https://www.eiffel.com/
        
           | pulvinar wrote:
           | LightSpeed C, later renamed THINK C, had the Mac market sewn
           | up before CodeWarrior. They had an excellent hypertext help
           | built in, before web browsers. They were bought by Symantec,
           | added C++, and then got beat out by Metrowerks.
        
           | rcarmo wrote:
           | Yep. I used ThinkC and ThinkPascal besides the MPW toolchain.
           | They were just a nicer fit.
        
         | pkphilip wrote:
         | Having used both MS and Borland products during the late 90s
         | and early 2000s, Borland tools were definitely far superior
         | from the standpoint of ease of use, time it takes to develop
         | serious applications etc.
         | 
         | The primary advantage of the Borland's tools apart form itse
         | its ease of use and was its very interesting component
         | architecture which allowed for very easy development of third-
         | party components and so many high quality third-party
         | components were available free or at low cost. While this was
         | happening MS got lost in the bushes trying to get ActiveX, COM
         | etc to be the bridge for component inter-usability but it
         | didn't come close to the ease of development of components in
         | Delphi, CppBuilder etc.
         | 
         | The issue with Borland was the poor quality of management after
         | their founder left. They tried to get into the Application
         | Development Lifecycle space, bought up a lot of companies in
         | that space and increased the cost of their dev tools to the
         | point that it was no longer affordable to smaller dev shops who
         | were their primary customers.
         | 
         | This problem hasn't gone away. Embarcadero still has ridiculous
         | pricing for their products even though now they have a very
         | stripped down IDE which can be used for free till you hit the
         | USD 5000/year revenue limit.
        
           | jajko wrote:
           | We used both at university, for designing UI and
           | corresponding events Borland's dev studio was easily 10x
           | faster to design if your UI was a bit more complex,
           | especially if you are not very familiar with whole ecosystem.
           | 
           | MS design of their stuff in those years was often... shitty
           | on multiple levels to be polite, ie MFC comes to mind, over-
           | complicated for no good benefit. People jumped to literally
           | anything else if they could, be it Borland for C/C++, Java
           | had much saner object-oriented design model too (which could
           | be compiled to native code with native UI if needed, since
           | their default stuff didn't look the best).
        
         | pjmlp wrote:
         | Their products were, and still are in many ways tehcnically
         | superior to Microsoft offerings.
         | 
         | Back in the day, Visual C++ 6.0 was when we finally migrated
         | into Microsoft development tools, and I used Borland tools for
         | ages before that, starting with Turbo Basic in 1990.
         | 
         | Additionally to this day, Microsoft doesn't have anything on
         | the C++ front that can compete with C++ Builder for RAD GUI
         | development, MFC is a fossil, while WinUI with C++/WinRT is a
         | bad joke.
        
           | actionfromafar wrote:
           | Visual C++ 6.0 was still very inferior even as an IDE, but it
           | was okay so it won sort of by default. But for GUI building,
           | Borland was _great_.
        
             | pjmlp wrote:
             | Was and still is, I don't really grasp what kind of
             | Stockholm syndrome goes by at WinDev, that they finally had
             | something that could match against C++ Builder (UWP with
             | C++/CX), only to kill it via a mini-riot, replacing it with
             | a development experience akin to doing ATL with Visual C++
             | 6.0.
             | 
             | If only IDL tooling, and related C++ code generation wasn't
             | frozen in time, just like it first came in Visual Studio
             | almost 30 years ago, besides updating the actual language
             | to MIDL 3.0, that is.
             | 
             | And now while WinUI 3.0 folks tell the story that you can
             | use C++ with WinUI / WinAppSDK, what they don't tell is the
             | castastrophic state of C++/WinRT tooling in Visual Studio,
             | that there are no plans to improve it past C++17, and the
             | only thing happening ot its repo is bug fixes.
             | 
             | Stay away from it as much as possible, and using it with C#
             | and CsWinRT is not much better, as many errors are surfaced
             | as HRESULT exceptions, and you need to actually single step
             | into C++/WinRT code to actually find out the real cause.
        
           | em500 wrote:
           | People at Microsoft would probably agree. In 1996 they hired
           | Borland's chief engineer Anders Hejlsberg, who designed Turbo
           | Pascal and Delphi at Borland, and C# and Typescript at
           | Microsoft.
        
             | eschaton wrote:
             | Well, he adapted Clascal & Object Pascal from Lisa &
             | Macintosh to the DOS/Windows PC world, and added a couple
             | features from CLOS to turn it into Delphi, and married that
             | with Sun's C++-syntax bytecode-compiled variant of
             | Objective-C to produce C#.
             | 
             | He certainly deserves credit for what he did, but not what
             | those whose shoulders he stood on did.
        
               | pjmlp wrote:
               | Actually to produce J++, followed by a lawsuit, which
               | made cool from MSR become C#, and J# come into existence
               | to ease the porting from J++ code into C#.
               | 
               | Ironically 20 years later, Microsoft is again a Java
               | vendor, and OpenJDK contributor.
        
             | pjmlp wrote:
             | Actually it is a bit more nuanced than that, Anders
             | Hejlsberg was so pissed with Borland's management that he
             | finally accepted the occasional invites from ex-Borland
             | people working at Microsoft.
             | 
             | He tells the story in this interview,
             | 
             | "Anders Hejlsberg: A craftsman of computer language"
             | 
             | https://behindthetech.libsynpro.com/001-anders-hejlsberg-
             | a-c...
             | 
             | By the way, he also contributed to J++, that where
             | P/Invoke, events, Windows Forms, properties came from
             | initially (Yes, Delphi also had events and propertiers by
             | then).
        
       | mannyv wrote:
       | I used all the major mac tools: think c, codewarrior, and mpw. I
       | think the money just wasn't there. The PC market was the
       | corporate market, and they were the ones who had lots of
       | developers.
        
         | acdha wrote:
         | Both lots of developers and willingness to provide regular
         | revenue. The indie developers would hang onto an expensive
         | purchase as long as they could between upgrades since it was
         | often their second greatest business expense behind the
         | comparatively much more expensive hardware.
        
       | pjmlp wrote:
       | Mostly because outside US it was nonexistent.
       | 
       | In Portugal we only had a single distributor in Lisbon, Interlog,
       | that we would need to visit in person, or call in via ads in
       | computer magazines, only to buy super expensive computers, versus
       | the PC market alternative.
       | 
       | For us, Apple only became relevant after NeXT's acquision gave it
       | a 2nd life.
        
         | thaumasiotes wrote:
         | > Mostly because outside US it was nonexistent.
         | 
         | It was also nonexistent within the US.
        
           | PaulHoule wrote:
           | ... limited and crazy overpriced. The first Mac was an
           | awesome demo but not able to do much because it only had
           | 128k; within a few years people had shoehorned that demo into
           | much cheaper machines (even had something like Plan 9's UI
           | for Os-9 on the TRS-80 Color Computer)
           | 
           | Meanwhile you had the Atari ST, Amiga, Sinclair QL on the low
           | end with color graphics 68k machines against the still
           | monochrome Mac. These were affordable, good for games and
           | other media, and in principle more scalable than the PC and
           | AT architectures of the time. A little later you got very
           | powerful 68k machines running Unix from vendors like Sun
           | Microsystems. I first saw a Mac 2 in college after I had used
           | a Sun cluster with huge, mostly monochrome, monitors and was
           | blown away by the refinement of the desktop (small monitor
           | had something to do with it) but the price tag was insane.
           | 
           | Some people swore by mac for desktop publishing, but the Suns
           | had great software for that too.
        
             | chuckadams wrote:
             | That awesome demo was on a 512K Mac at that. Jobs had
             | insisted on a stock 128K model but the engineers expanded
             | it without telling him.
        
               | monocasa wrote:
               | They shipped the 128k model as the first model.
        
               | chuckadams wrote:
               | That was my point: the demo was not on a stock model.
               | Took like a year before they even offered upgrade kits.
        
               | PaulHoule wrote:
               | From my viewpoint the 128k Mac was itself a demo. It sure
               | made a good demo at the computer store, not sure if you
               | could do much for real with it.
        
             | smm11 wrote:
             | I was a Mac guy at the time and Sun was more expensive by
             | far.
        
               | PaulHoule wrote:
               | Sure, I was not buying the Sun workstations.
               | 
               | I did own a 286-based computer which was tremendous value
               | in terms of compute power for the cost, much better than
               | the minicomputer machines I was using, able to emulate
               | the Z80 at 3 times the speed of any real Z80, etc.
               | 
               | The graphics sucked but as we went through EGA, VGA and
               | then various Super VGA. In 1993 I got a 486 machine and
               | ran Linux and X Windows and stomped both the Mac and Sun
               | in terms of value.
        
               | anthk wrote:
               | Macs = loaded media producers
               | 
               | Sun = goverments, big corpos and universities with tons
               | of money to burn.
        
           | jermaustin1 wrote:
           | In the early 90s, my primary school in "rural" Texas (45
           | minutes outside of Houston) got it's first computer lab. It
           | had 30 Macs. Every class room had an ancient Apple (not sure
           | what version at this point - IIe or III?).
           | 
           | Apple had BIG BIG discounts for education, that IBM did not.
           | Even being a town outside of Houston, we never got Compaq
           | PCs.
           | 
           | That said, once Win95 hit, EVERYTHING was swapped out for PC
           | district wide. I remember my parents complaining that a new
           | school tax was getting levied on our town to upgrade
           | technology just a couple years after a previous one had
           | already hit.
        
             | Gormo wrote:
             | Education was the niche that kept Apple afloat back then --
             | they'd managed to make the Apple II the de facto standard
             | for school computing, and when they wanted to transition
             | schools to the Mac in the early '90s, they had to go so far
             | as to design an Apple IIe on a card [1] to allow the Mac
             | models they were offering to schools to remain compatible
             | with the huge library of Apple II educational software.
             | 
             | They never succeeded in actually turning the Mac itself
             | into the standard platform for school computing, and as you
             | point out, once the Apple II platform was long in tooth,
             | schools began migrating in droves to Wintel boxes, and
             | Apple's finances took a major hit.
             | 
             | Apple barely made it out of the '90s intact. They had a
             | massive turnaround after Jobs returned, and are a major
             | powerhouse today, but people forget just how marginal the
             | Mac was in its early years.
             | 
             | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_IIe_Card
        
           | AlbertCory wrote:
           | No, it wasn't nonexistent anymore than Porsches were
           | nonexistent. Just niche.
        
         | Rinzler89 wrote:
         | Same in Eastern Europe. You'd only see Macs in professional
         | sound, video, graphic design and publishing houses, which was
         | only a drop in the ocean compared to Windows PC market share.
         | Their super high cost and inability to run most popular SW like
         | games made it a no-go for consumer and businesses, especially
         | in a low wage market given that Macs here were more expensive
         | than in the US due to VAT and import duties but wages were 20x
         | lower.
        
           | chx wrote:
           | From what I remember in Hungary thirty-ish years ago:
           | Professional AV was Commodore Amiga. DTP used Mac because of
           | QuarkXPress. Professional design used SGI Indigo.
           | 
           | IBM PC was office and in this period it became _the_ gaming
           | machine. Even before Commodore went bankrupt, the Gravis
           | Ultrasound and Wolfenstein 3D dethroned the Amiga.
           | https://youtu.be/wsADJa-23Sg has an excellent explanation why
           | Wolfenstein 3D couldn't be done on the Amiga. The GUS was key
           | in moving the demoscene to the PC and while obviously that's
           | extremely niche it literally demonstrated what the PC is
           | capable of and had a huge effect on the game creators. The
           | first Assembly was organized in 1992 by two Amiga groups and
           | Future Crew but just one year the latter released Second
           | Reality and the Amiga was no more.
        
             | homarp wrote:
             | GUS was also the start of Alsa https://tldp.org/HOWTO/Alsa-
             | sound-3.html
        
             | chx wrote:
             | Sorry for misremembering: it was SGI Indy not the Indigo.
        
           | sybercecurity wrote:
           | It was that way in the US too until the iPod and then iPhone
           | took off and MacOS X became viable. If it wasn't for Apple's
           | legacy hold in education (a lot universities in the 90's sold
           | Macs in their bookstores) Apple may have gone the way of
           | Amiga before that happened. They were seen as the expensive,
           | pretty computer used by creative types or by students.
        
             | inanutshellus wrote:
             | Famously, Apple was the stock everyone expected to fail,
             | for over a decade.
             | 
             | You couldn't short them because they kept not dying. You
             | couldn't buy'm because they kept not making money.
             | 
             | IMO, Apple was only able to stay alive because Microsoft
             | invested so heavily in them. Microsoft was worried about
             | being seen as a monopoly, so investing in Apple ensured
             | that Microsoft could both /not/ be a monopoly but also
             | benefit no matter how well Apple did.
             | 
             | IIRC they sold their stake after the iPod was released and
             | Apple was back on its feet.
        
               | eej71 wrote:
               | Entire books were written about the disaster that was
               | Apple in the mid-late 90s.
               | 
               | https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/581496.Apple
               | 
               | They weren't wrong. Just an amazing turn around.
        
             | xattt wrote:
             | Widespread adoption of Macs by students really went hand-
             | in-hand with the transition to Intel, likely because of a
             | boost to battery life that allowed students to take notes
             | for at least two lectures before needing to plug in.
        
             | tivert wrote:
             | >> You'd only see Macs in professional sound, video,
             | graphic design and publishing houses...
             | 
             | > It was that way in the US too until the iPod and then
             | iPhone took off and MacOS X became viable.
             | 
             | No. As someone who had experience with existing in the 90s,
             | I can say you're dead wrong. Like I don't even know where
             | to start. Macs weren't as popular as PCs, but you'd see
             | them all over in the consumer space:
             | 
             | You'd see Macs in department store computer displays (Best
             | Buy, Sam's Club, Officemax, etc.).
             | 
             | The iMac was released in 1998 (and was so influential you
             | had PC makers copying its style). That was the _real_
             | beginning of Apple 's turnaround. The iPod wasn't released
             | in 2001, and was pretty niche for a long time.
             | 
             | Several families I know had Macs as their family computer
             | during the 90s (including my own).
        
               | Sakos wrote:
               | Growing up, I didn't know a single person personally who
               | owned a Mac. I only knew Macs from schools and the
               | handful of teachers I knew who'd bought the new
               | PowerBooks ca 2002.
               | 
               | I also had experience existing in the 90s. They were
               | extremely niche.
               | 
               | And going into the 2000s, I knew plenty of people with an
               | iPod, but no Mac.
        
               | everfrustrated wrote:
               | >And going into the 2000s, I knew plenty of people with
               | an iPod, but no Mac.
               | 
               | Which took some doing as iPods were all Firewire up until
               | ~2004 when Apple transitioned to USB. Firewire was pretty
               | unusual in the PC ecosystem - usually requiring
               | purchasing a PCI card.
        
               | Sakos wrote:
               | First gen version also didn't have Windows software. I'm
               | thinking more once they were convenient for PC users to
               | use, I guess 2005 onwards? I don't think I saw any iPods
               | before then.
        
               | samatman wrote:
               | > _I can say you 're dead wrong. Like I don't even know
               | where to start._
               | 
               | This kind of aggressive riposte is never called for.
               | 
               | It's true that the Bondi Blue iMac arrived three years
               | before the iPod, and was influential. It bought Apple
               | some breathing room, and took it off life support. A
               | success by any measure.
               | 
               | It's also true that prior to this, and for a considerable
               | time after, Macs were largely found in exactly the niches
               | described by the post you're responding to. I would add
               | education as well, as did, let's note, the directly
               | parent post to your own. Sure, you'd find them in other
               | places, like <checks notes> less than 5% of household
               | computers, including your household it turns out. I can
               | see why that would distort your impression of its
               | ubiquity.
               | 
               | The iPod was an immediate sensation. It didn't start to
               | sell in numbers for a few years, but everyone knew what
               | it was (speaking from the US perspective) and craved it.
               | There's no question in my mind that it was the touchstone
               | product which gave life to the entire company, and the
               | halo effect it produced gave a crucial leg up to the
               | iPhone, which is what made Apple the multi-trillion-
               | dollar company it is today.
               | 
               | Leaving off a few details and compressing a timeline
               | doesn't make someone wrong, let alone 'dead wrong'.
        
               | AlbertCory wrote:
               | The iPod was so much later than the period of Borland and
               | Turbo Pascal that it's not even relevant to this
               | discussion.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPod
        
               | anthk wrote:
               | This. In Europe, Macs were for people around arts,
               | printed press, audio/video and such. CMYK people. For
               | genZers, think about THE platform to run Adobe software
               | fast and reliabily + audio tools.
               | 
               | These people must be either young or delusional. No one
               | used Macs at home. Even under Mac OSX for Power PC, if
               | you weren't a media producer, your interest in Macs was
               | zero.
        
               | samatman wrote:
               | > _it 's not even relevant to this discussion_
               | 
               | I suppose it's possible to think that, if you jump
               | straight from the title of the Fine Article to my post,
               | without reading the thread which leads to it.
               | 
               | Is that what happened here?
        
               | AlbertCory wrote:
               | Borland is the subject, correct?
               | 
               | And they became prominent in the early 80's, correct?
        
               | AlbertCory wrote:
               | 3Com made an Ethernet card for the Mac in the late 80's.
               | 3+File/Print/Share existed for the Mac as well. I knew
               | people who worked on it. Claris Software was initially an
               | independent company selling software for the Mac.
               | 
               | PowerPoint was initially Mac-only (1987). It got bought
               | by Microsoft so they could port it to Windows.
               | 
               | So yeah, Macs were around, but hardly ubiquitous.
        
               | tivert wrote:
               | > So yeah, Macs were around, but hardly ubiquitous.
               | 
               | And I'm not claiming they were ubiquitous, just that they
               | weren't so niche you'd only see them in schools or on the
               | desk of a graphic designer. They had something like a
               | 5-10% market-share in the US. Anecdotally, that played
               | out in my community as far as I can tell (e.g. 1 in 20
               | kids having a Mac at home sounds about right). You didn't
               | have to go anywhere special to buy them, but the store
               | might have 20-30 PC models on display with 2-3 Macs.
        
               | AlbertCory wrote:
               | yeah. 5-10% sounds about right.
        
         | mrweasel wrote:
         | The teach who was put in charge of updating and design our new
         | computer lab and educational material, back in the late 80s,
         | was heavily into Amigas. The Amiga had a pretty large market
         | share in Northern Europe, but our teacher wasn't naive or blind
         | sighted by his own preference, so he opted to equip the schools
         | lab with Macs. Now that was not common at all, the obvious
         | choice would have been PCs running Windows 3.0, but I think
         | that might have come out exactly to late, so he would have been
         | looking at Windows 2 or 2.1 when starting out, and coming from
         | the Amiga, that would probably have been unacceptable.
         | 
         | Still the Mac wasn't big in Denmark at that point, but in the
         | late 80s, early 90s our school had an insane amount of
         | Macintosh computers. Had the teacher in charge been a DOS guy,
         | that lab might have looked very different.
        
         | Gormo wrote:
         | Even in the US, the Mac was very marginal early on. It wasn't
         | until it established a foothold in the DTP market in the late
         | '80s that it was clear the Mac would even survive as a
         | platform. A ton of important business software never made it to
         | the platform.
         | 
         | There's a lot of revisionism that stems from Apple having made
         | a magnificent comeback over the past 25 years, but a lot of
         | people are forgetting that Apple was _not_ the dominant player
         | it is today back then. They spent most of the  '90s on the
         | verge of bankruptcy, and were sustained only by a few niche
         | markets -- the Mac was not regarded as a serious platform for
         | business computing back then. If things had gone slightly
         | differently, the Mac might have shared the same fate as the
         | Amiga and the ST.
        
           | some-guy wrote:
           | I was blinded by this growing up in the 90s in a college town
           | in Northern California where it felt like the market share
           | was 50% Apple.
        
           | coliveira wrote:
           | Apple also had a good market share in education. The first
           | Mac I used was at the university, and many schools had Macs
           | even when it was viewed as a very niche system.
        
       | everfrustrated wrote:
       | Borlands tools were mostly used by business professionals. Sure
       | they sold at discount to students/ hobbyists etc but
       | professionals were the core of their market. It wasn't cheap
       | software.
       | 
       | The Mac market (until very recently) was predominantly for home
       | not business use.
        
         | actionfromafar wrote:
         | On the other hand, Mac hardware was super expensive. Today Mac
         | hardware commands a little premium but pre OS 9 the difference
         | in price was _huge_. So Mac owners could not have been very
         | price sensitive in general.
        
           | eschaton wrote:
           | A baseline Mac wasn't any more expensive than the competition
           | (IBM), it just wasn't inexpensive like Commodore, Atari, and
           | PC clones. Apple also had essentially the same price
           | structure for decades, while PC clones raced to the bottom on
           | both price and quality.
           | 
           | And the Mac II was actually priced better than most
           | competitive systems--because those competitive systems were
           | 16MHz 68020/68881-based workstations from Apollo, HP,
           | Tektronix, Sun, et al. In early 1987, a name-brand 16MHz
           | 80386 system with 80387 was comparably priced, which is why
           | most people buying PC clones didn't get a 386 until 1990-91
           | or so, around when the 80486 (and 68040) came out.
        
             | usrusr wrote:
             | "wasn't any more expensive than the competition (IBM)"
             | 
             | In other words: no more expensive than the other thing
             | nobody ever bought? The success of the PC did not lie in
             | _IBM_ selling large numbers.
        
           | cmrdporcupine wrote:
           | It fluctuated. During the first few years of the Mac era they
           | were stupid expensive. In the later Scully & Amelio years
           | they dropped in price a lot as the component prices in the
           | 68k Macs became way cheaper, and they became fairly
           | affordable esp if you could get an education (teacher or
           | student) discount, which they were aggressive about.
           | 
           | Still was not at all a common machine in people's homes.
        
         | jasode wrote:
         | _> Borlands tools were mostly used by business professionals.
         | Sure they sold at discount to students/ hobbyists etc but
         | professionals were the core of their market. It wasn't cheap
         | software._
         | 
         | No, the early Borland of 1980s was the opposite of what you
         | describe.
         | 
         | Borland _marketed to the hobbyists_ and ran ads for Turbo
         | Pascal in hobby computer magazines like BYTE and PC MAGAZINE
         | with low pricing of $49. E.g. :
         | https://blog.marcocantu.com/images/forblog/turboad.png
         | 
         | Borland Turbo C with the lower price of $99 was also advertised
         | to hobbyists compared to competitors such as Microsoft
         | Professional C Compiler costing $299. (E.g.
         | https://archive.org/details/PC-Mag-1987-05-12/mode/2up) ;
         | Microsoft responded to Turbo C's pricing with lower-end
         | products such as "Microsoft Quick C".
         | 
         | It's the later years of Borland trying to go up-market with
         | more expensive "enterprisey" products such as Interbase and
         | subsequently Embarcadero, etc.
         | 
         | The main reason Borland didn't create much software for
         | Macintosh was that they were a small company and didn't have
         | the manpower to build tools for the tiny Apple customer base.
        
           | masklinn wrote:
           | And qualifying the mac market as "for home use" is pretty
           | wild, during Borland's heydays design houses were pretty much
           | mac only unless they needed SGI's prowess. Borland had
           | started tripping over its own feet before Photoshop was even
           | ported to Microsoft.
           | 
           | Photoshop 1.0 was 75% pascal by LOC incidentally (the rest
           | was 68k assembly).
        
             | whstl wrote:
             | Before 2005 I only ever saw Macs in offices, studios and
             | universities. There was one guy I knew had a Mac at home,
             | but he was a designer. For context, I'm in EU.
             | 
             | One of my first jobs was working with printing/scanning
             | software and my company would install Macs in some large
             | enterprises because of AppleTalk's printer sharing
             | capabilities.
        
               | jen20 wrote:
               | Before 2000 that was also my experience (I was in the EU
               | then too). Between 2000-2005 there was a steady increase
               | of iBook/Powerbook owners thanks to being the only laptop
               | with a reasonable battery that could run a Unix.
        
             | cyberax wrote:
             | Design software for Wintel and DOS was actually pretty good
             | around 1993-1994 time frame. Aldus PageMaker for PC was
             | released in 1991 and QuarkXPress in 1992.
        
         | Tor3 wrote:
         | As jasode said. Borland's low pricing was a revolution and
         | suddenly made it possible for hobbyists to get a real compiler
         | without paying a fortune. This created an explosion of activity
         | back then. We all jumped on Turbo Pascal for CP/M and DOS at
         | the time.
         | 
         | It was much later that things changed, but then it was another
         | world already.
        
         | pdonis wrote:
         | _> It wasn 't cheap software._
         | 
         | It was cheap enough for me to afford Turbo Pascal and later
         | Delphi when I wasn't a business professional, just a hobbyist
         | programmer.
        
         | cmrdporcupine wrote:
         | My recollection is the Mac market was certainly _not_ home use
         | in the late-80s, 90s. They were relatively pricey and in fact
         | not common in homes, but mostly in offices that did DTP,
         | schools (we had _1_ in my primary school office for staff to
         | use, and then a handful in a  "visual communications" lab at my
         | high school), and, later, "multimedia" type shops. I worked in
         | a shop that was full of them in 96, used by web developers
         | doing photoshop stuff. There were a few in my university
         | computer lab.
         | 
         | Late in the early-mid 90s this changed a bit as the Mac II
         | series dropped in price a lot and became affordable at home. My
         | mother (a teacher) bought one as her home machine because she
         | got a good educational discount. This was on the tail end of
         | the 68k era and just as the PowerPC transition was starting.
         | 
         | I didn't know anybody else who owned one at home.
        
         | AlbertCory wrote:
         | Borland sold by mail order for $99, at a time when
         | "respectable, business-class software" was only sold in stores
         | or direct, and for $299 or more. dBase sold for $699, as I
         | recall.
         | 
         | I went to a talk by Philippe Kahn in the early 80's, and he was
         | very much a rebel for going so much against conventional
         | wisdom.
        
       | seanhunter wrote:
       | For one, you could use ucsd pascal for free on mac so turbo
       | pascal would have struggled to get traction among learners and
       | hobbyists.
       | 
       | Source: used turbo pascal on pc at home and ucsd pascal on apple
       | IIcs at school.
        
         | eschaton wrote:
         | You used Apple Pascal on the Apple II, not the Mac, and it
         | wasn't actually free but a couple hundred dollars a seat. It
         | was based on UCSD Pascal, as were many implementations at the
         | time, but it was a commercial product and one used by many
         | Apple II developers. Your school either licensed or pirated it
         | for you to use.
         | 
         | Apple didn't even ship self-hosted assembly tools for the Mac
         | until the Macintosh Development System later in 1984, and when
         | Apple did ship Macintosh Pascal it was a learning environment
         | with a (non-UCSD) bytecode interpreter rather than a native
         | compiler with Toolbox access. That was still something most
         | people used a Lisa for until after both the Mac 512 and the
         | HD20 came out.
        
           | seanhunter wrote:
           | I definitely used ucsd pascal version II (not apple pascal,
           | which came a bit later) on Apple II. Looking at this
           | source[1], it looks like it both existed for Apple II and
           | wasn't free so I must have assumed that incorrectly.
           | 
           | I also realise I was talking about Apple II not mac. My
           | assumption/point was that the market for apple pascal devs
           | had been captured previously by the "power" of the UCSD
           | p-system before the mac came along so borland figured they
           | didn't have a chance.
           | 
           | Personally I wasn't that much of a fan of ucsd pascal vs
           | turbo pascal for reasons I can't remotely remember. I think
           | ucsd pascal you could only do things in the "p-system"
           | bytecode thing which meant it had a slightly more
           | restrictive/pure pascal variant vs turbo pascal had some
           | language extensions like being able to do dynamic memory
           | allocation so you could make trees and linked lists and stuff
           | that iirc you could'nt do very easily in vanilla/ucsd pascal.
           | It's been a while so I may be misremembering.
           | 
           | [1] https://archive.org/details/byte-
           | magazine-1982-08/page/n193/... 15yo me didn't realise that
           | using UCSD pascal made me one of the elite. My whole life may
           | have gone differently had I known that.
        
             | Tor3 wrote:
             | Borland would definitely have had a chance with Turbo
             | Pascal on the Apple II (if there had actually been a 6502
             | version available), for a couple of reasons:
             | 
             | - Speed
             | 
             | - Size
             | 
             | Speed: I used Apple Pascal as well as Turbo Pascal for the
             | same purposes (steering satellite dishes, and also multi-
             | tasking data collection) on dual-CPU Apple II clones (6502,
             | z80). Using Turbo Pascal was a different world w.r.t. speed
             | - way, way faster.
             | 
             | Size: When I developed my multi-tasking data collection
             | system in Apple Pascal I had to use four floppy disk
             | drives, set up for "swapping" (the UCSD/Apple Pascal system
             | had that ability, it could segment itself) simply so that
             | there would be a tiny bit of RAM available for the Apple
             | Pascal editor. No such problem when using Turbo Pascal on
             | the z80 system, with equal amounts of RAM.
             | 
             | When that's said, UCSD Pascal and Turbo Pascal weren't that
             | dissimilar as far as Pascals were concerned - Wirth's
             | Pascal wasn't very practical, so every useful Pascal
             | version had their own extensions. UCSD and Turbo had some
             | commonality there which made it easy to port between them.
        
             | chuckadams wrote:
             | IIRC the Wizardry games were all written in UCSD Pascal. I
             | wouldn't be surprised if a Mac port existed, it got ported
             | to damn near every platform out there.
        
       | drooopy wrote:
       | In the 90s it would have been newsworthy if someone remembered
       | the Macintosh market, not the other way around.
        
         | acdha wrote:
         | They weren't dominant but it wasn't even remotely newsworthy to
         | remember that entire industries like publishing, education,
         | audio/video, science & medicine, etc. existed.
         | 
         | Since PCs were starting from so far behind the industry had
         | something of a chip on its shoulder and it was common to see
         | print ad comparisons where they were showing how a PC was just
         | as good for less money, where they'd list the optional
         | components like a sound card and mouse not adding as much as
         | the base difference.
        
         | bongodongobob wrote:
         | Were you there? From the late 80s to mid-late 90s all my
         | classrooms had Apple computers and Macs. Late 90s seemed to be
         | the transition to "IBM compatible" PCs.
        
           | drooopy wrote:
           | I was there (and then) living across different European
           | countries in the 90s and IBM compatibles were the de facto
           | computing standard followed by niche products like the Amiga
           | which had a dedicated following, mostly hobbyists. But for
           | all intents and purposes the mac was just a zombie platform
           | over here. The first Mac that I had ever seen was the
           | original blue iMac.
        
           | kbolino wrote:
           | I was. There were lots of Apple computers, yes. There were
           | not very many Macs, though. The labs full of IIe and IIgs
           | gave way to PCs, with no era for Macs in between. There were
           | never more than a handful of Macs around at all, and they
           | were the cheaper ones (LC and low-end Performa). There was a
           | small resurgence in schools with the first iMacs, but by then
           | PC was solidly dominant. The iMacs weren't that popular with
           | students, though, because they lacked floppy drives. Flash
           | drives were still small and expensive, the cloud didn't exist
           | yet, and CD-Rs weren't a good fit for small, short-lived,
           | often-changed files.
        
           | classichasclass wrote:
           | In my high school (late 1980s, early 1990s) we had mostly
           | Apple IIe systems for student use and a couple PCs in the
           | school office. When I was copy editor for the school
           | newspaper, articles were done in AppleWorks, printed on an
           | ImageWriter in NLQ in columns and literally pasted up on a
           | master for layout which we photocopied.
        
         | AlbertCory wrote:
         | 3Com made an Ethernet card for the Macs in the late 80's.
         | Claris Software was a significant company writing software for
         | them.
         | 
         | It was certainly a small niche, though.
        
       | bachmeier wrote:
       | Back when I was taking programming classes in the early 90s,
       | everything was done on "IBM compatible" PCs because of the job
       | market. I remember one professor talking about how everyone that
       | learned to program in high school did it on Apple computers, but
       | said they had to switch because there were no professional
       | programming jobs for Apple.
       | 
       | The school had Macs, but those were for graphics-oriented
       | classes, and they had Apples, but those were for word processing.
        
       | kopirgan wrote:
       | Great company. Long long back bought their C++ compiler which
       | came in those thick binders with a very well written guidebook on
       | the language, OOP concept etc.
       | 
       | Fun to read their " no nonsense licensing" legalese
        
         | pjmlp wrote:
         | Most of their great stuff has been archived in bitsavers, if
         | you want to review those manuals.
        
       | bsenftner wrote:
       | Speaking as a person that worked on the original Mac OS, the
       | "story" that the OS was originally based on Pascal is not really
       | correct. It was written in Assembly, with the belief that later
       | developers would be using Pascal, and so Apple wrote the
       | developer facing Inside Macintosh with Pascal as the language
       | used for the examples. However, as far as I know no major
       | software houses seriously worked in Pascal on the Mac; C and
       | Assembly were the kings during the 80's and continued with C/C++
       | during the 90's.
        
         | nobleach wrote:
         | Adobe Photoshop? That was written in Pascal.
        
         | dlachausse wrote:
         | Adobe Photoshop was originally written in Pascal. MacPaint was
         | as well.
        
           | bsenftner wrote:
           | With a good amount of Assembly. Look at the source files:
           | https://github.com/amix/photoshop Even the Pascal files have
           | assembly in them.
        
             | pjmlp wrote:
             | It goes both ways, it cannot be a feature in C, and
             | something bad to point out in Pascal.
        
               | foobarian wrote:
               | The point is, back then you didn't end up writing nice
               | software because your language was awesomer than other
               | languages. You wrote nice software by escaping to
               | assembly, so support for that was important for state of
               | the art tools.
        
               | pjmlp wrote:
               | Yeah, and while both ecosystems allowed for using
               | external and inline Assembly tools, C only had inline
               | assembly keyword (and nothing else beyond that) as part
               | of ISO C89, a couple of years later after 1972, usually
               | it is only pointed out as negative when Pascal based
               | applications reach out to it.
               | 
               | Another thing that usually escapes, is that actually
               | writting cool games on any 16 bit home computers,
               | required the full deck of tricks of Assembly programming,
               | neither C nor Pascal dialect were up to the job, with the
               | first two decades of their existence.
               | 
               | Even arcade systems like Midway Games units, used mostly
               | Assembly, despite their TMS34010 having a C SDK
               | available.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TMS34010
        
         | amiga386 wrote:
         | Mac OS used Pascal strings rather than C's null-terminated
         | strings ( _Inside Macintosh_ volume 1, p90 -- Using assembly
         | language  / Calling conventions -- "Pointer to string (first
         | byte pointed to is length byte)"
         | https://vintageapple.org/inside_o/pdf/Inside_Macintosh_Volum...
         | 
         | They were an absolute pain to switch between when writing C
         | code for Mac OS, and are evidence of the Mac OS designers
         | having Pascal on the brain when designing the OS, not just
         | their choice of example language in the documentation.
         | 
         | > as far as I know no major software houses seriously worked in
         | Pascal on the Mac
         | 
         | Adobe Photoshop for the Macintosh was written in Pascal:
         | 
         | https://computerhistory.org/blog/adobe-photoshop-source-code...
        
           | bsenftner wrote:
           | Yeah, I remember. The string issue was easily fixed by simply
           | placing a null at the end of one's strings and maintaining a
           | Pascal string pointer for OS traps and using the C string
           | pointer for everything expecting C strings.
           | 
           | I still have a work-in-progress mimeographed and hand written
           | copy of Inside Macintosh that was used by the original 3rd
           | party developers, back when a good 2/3rds of the OS was still
           | being completed.
        
         | pjmlp wrote:
         | As far as I understoond by several interviews, and podcasts,
         | that I cannot now refer to, MPW and the whole migration from
         | Object Pascal and App Toolbox into C and C++, was a kind of
         | submarine project from a couple of folks that weren't into
         | Object Pascal.
         | 
         | As they succeeded, MPW came to be, followed later by the
         | partnership with Metrowerks and their PowerPlant C++ framework.
        
           | Ylpertnodi wrote:
           | >As far as I understoond by several interviews....
           | 
           | What a delightful typo is 'understoond'.
        
       | jmclnx wrote:
       | AFAIK, the MACs at the time was all point and click. Building GUI
       | applications is not easy. Borland's IDE was text base, making
       | that a GUI may have been to expensive based upon the amount of $
       | that could be made.
       | 
       | Also, most MAC people considered themselves Artists, not
       | developers. Most individual developers (all) were hacking on DOS
       | at the time. So that may have played into it too. To me, it is
       | all about potential revenue vs expense.
        
         | foobarian wrote:
         | I wonder how much games played a part. In my case, deep down
         | all I wanted to do is just play games. Ataris and Amigas had
         | nice games but at one point the PC just blew their doors off.
         | The Mac was a sad non-contender you used in your print shop to
         | design calendars.
        
         | bluedino wrote:
         | I often wonder where the all-caps 'MAC' originated.
        
           | tjakab wrote:
           | My suspicion from early in my career is it was people that
           | came from IT who just assumed that 'MAC' was an acronym for
           | something, like pretty much everything else they dealt with,
           | as opposed to the shortening of the proper noun 'Macintosh.'
        
           | p1mrx wrote:
           | Confusion with
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medium_access_control ?
        
       | JKCalhoun wrote:
       | In fact the first programming I did on the Macintosh was using
       | Borland's Turbo Pascal for the Mac.
       | 
       | I took an introductory programming class at the University of
       | Kansas. it taught us Pascal and it was a new language for me
       | (having really only known BASIC, noodled with assembly). It was a
       | bit surprising that the class used Macintosh's -- these running a
       | kind of "project-less" version of Turbo Pascal as I recall where
       | you simply fed in your source file with ReadLn() and WriteLn()
       | functions sprinkled throughout and observed the result in some
       | kind of console window.
       | 
       | I'm not sure if I was aware of THINK Pascal (or THINK C) at that
       | time but when I soon after bought my first Macintosh (a Mac Plus)
       | I went looking for software to program it and it happens that a
       | professor was selling his copy of Turbo Pascal for the Macintosh.
       | 
       | So perhaps it was serendipitous, but Turbo Pascal became my
       | introduction to Mac programming. I stuck with it for perhaps a
       | year or two before moving over to the richer THINK Pascal. (And
       | later I migrated to THINK C to run with the big dogs -- having to
       | learn about pointers and C parameter passing was a right pain in
       | the ass for this naive young coder).
       | 
       | (By chance, I happened to be on a mini-quest recently to try to
       | recover these old programs that I started and abandoned back in
       | the 1980's. And I have come across my original Turbo Pascal
       | floppies as well as some of the crude apps I tried creating with
       | the tool.)
       | 
       | As others have said, I suspect Borland jumped into the game early
       | gambling that the Mac might be the Next Big Thing, bailed early
       | too when it turned out that it was not (that of course would
       | quickly be the IBM PC clone market).
        
       | ubermonkey wrote:
       | I had the vague sense at the time -- and, to be clear, I wasn't a
       | Mac person until the late 1990s so it's before I knew anything
       | about the platform -- that for reasons I never understood it was
       | more difficult to write code for the pre-MacOS Macs actually ON
       | those Macs.
       | 
       | The other thing that may escape a modern reader is that the Mac
       | timeline is really two eras: The original classic Mac era, with
       | its Chicago-and-sepia look, and then a huge and stark transition
       | to what was initially called OS X and is now called MacOS.
       | 
       | They are _entirely_ different systems, but people outside the Mac
       | world often mistake the transition to something more like Win95 -
       | > NT/XP. It's not that. It's way more.
       | 
       | OS X is when the Mac got shiny to technical people, because it
       | was (and is) based on FreeBSD, and even shipped (and ships) with
       | a host of the sorts of tools you'd expect from a Linux distro.
       | And it was introduced in a time when LAMP development was huge,
       | so if you were in that world writing an interpreted language
       | targeting MySQL and Apache it was EASIER to work on a Mac than it
       | would've been to stay on Windows.
       | 
       | So, sure, today we see lots of devs and even whole software
       | companies standardizing on the Mac, but in 1995 this would have
       | been unthinkable.
        
       | Joel_Mckay wrote:
       | If I recall, it was mainly due to the market size, and to a
       | lesser extent Apples xenophobic posturing toward 3rd party
       | developer control.
       | 
       | Information appliances like Mac are a streamlined workflow for
       | Desktop Publishing, but are not intended to be repurposed in an
       | arbitrary manner.
       | 
       | For example, you would see a dozen choices for CAD or IDE
       | solutions on PC, but there would only be 1 option that cost 1200%
       | more on Mac (OS 7.5.3).
       | 
       | Eventually the MacOS application/compiler options users had would
       | slowly diversify under OSX/intel-cpu, but the M1/M2 architecture
       | shift would drop again to burn down any progress people made
       | opening the platform. The easy to cross-port GNU applications
       | still cling to the underbelly of modern posix based MacOS, but
       | you can guarantee it is an uphill battle to get anything deployed
       | outside the Apple App store ecosystem build tree.
       | 
       | Apples irrational need to monopolize their own ecosystem meant
       | they always locked down their platform though obscurity and or
       | DRM security. It is unfortunate Microsoft Windows 11 and Google
       | Android still copied Apples worst design choices, as users had
       | their control slowly stripped off hardware they purchased.
       | 
       | Thus, most modern computer user interface design is just a sales
       | funnel for App stores, and gentle racketeering. =3
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aFTyJDjfjG0
        
         | jen20 wrote:
         | > to a lesser extent Apples xenophobic posturing toward 3rd
         | party developer control.
         | 
         | Classic MacOS didn't even have a first-party IDE. Everything
         | was third-party.
         | 
         | > but you can guarantee it is an uphill battle to get anything
         | deployed outside the Apple App store ecosystem build tree.
         | 
         | It's hard to even parse this sentence, to be frank, but any
         | possible reading of it is nuts. It's trivial to install Nix on
         | macOS and have basically every package available to you. Same
         | with Brew, though it's less nice that way.
        
           | Joel_Mckay wrote:
           | It is OK, people wouldn't know what is missing if they never
           | saw the alternative.
           | 
           | "It's hard to even parse this sentence"
           | 
           | Try to cross-compile something on modern MacOS, and handle
           | the DRM signing on another platform. For example, you are
           | still going to need an active Apple Developer account to run
           | https://quasar.dev for MacOS/iOS targets, or users are going
           | to incur a bit of hassle running your code.
           | 
           | It is ok, most people have trouble understanding each other
           | at first. =3
        
             | samatman wrote:
             | > _DRM signing_
             | 
             | In what world is code attestation Digital Rights
             | Management?
             | 
             | Is there even meaningful overlap between these two things?
        
               | Joel_Mckay wrote:
               | Indeed, App stores must sign the software on their
               | platform to deploy, and offline binaries now require a
               | valid registered Developer Account signed code in order
               | to easily run. A bodged on ecosystem like Brew doesn't
               | practically count here, as a signed-check block is
               | functionally also preventing most users running
               | unapproved code. It is marketed as a security feature,
               | which is why it sounds odd to people inside the
               | ecosystem.
               | 
               | "Is there even meaningful overlap between these two
               | things?"
               | 
               | If one wants to target every platform, than people are
               | ultimately forced to use a Mac with a Developer Account
               | subscription. Accordingly, there is no practical
               | guarantee your project will reach market (app store
               | rejections are common)... or worse... some dimwit chooses
               | a platform ecosystem specific language to really double-
               | down on a bad investment.
               | 
               | Hence, my opinion on the answer to the threads question:
               | "Why did Borland ignore the Macintosh market?"
               | 
               | Have a nice day =3
        
               | samatman wrote:
               | > _App stores must sign the software on their platform to
               | deploy_
               | 
               | This is true, or rather "developers must sign software in
               | order to sell it on the App Store" is true, and I believe
               | this is what you meant.
               | 
               | That's attestation. It isn't DRM.
               | 
               | > _offline binaries now require a valid registered
               | Developer Account signed code in order to easily run_
               | 
               | "Easily" here means one click. "Not easily", then, is
               | three clicks. The dialog boxes tell you exactly what to
               | do. This is needed the first time you open a program,
               | after which it just opens.
               | 
               | > _A bodged on ecosystem like Brew doesn 't practically
               | count here_
               | 
               | Why don't Homebrew, Mac Ports, and Nix, count here?
               | Practically, I mean.
               | 
               | > _as a signed-check block is functionally also
               | preventing most users running unapproved code_
               | 
               | This just isn't true though, it isn't even in the same
               | neighborhood as the truth. Most users are, in fact, able
               | to: read a dialog which says "go to Privacy and
               | Security", go to Privacy and Security, and click the
               | button which lets them run unsigned code.
               | 
               | > _forced to use a Mac with a Developer Account
               | subscription_
               | 
               | Yes, it's true, you do need to have a Mac (or borrow one,
               | cloud code signing does exist) and pay $99 a month, to
               | sign code. Or you can just release it. Weren't we talking
               | about Digital Rights Management? I thought you were going
               | to explain how code attestation is DRM. I haven't seen
               | you do that yet, did you want to?
               | 
               | > _there is no practical guarantee your project will
               | reach market (app store rejections are common)_
               | 
               | You can just sell software for the Mac. The App Store is
               | completely optional. The checks involved in the
               | attestation process are quite minimal and focus on
               | whether your program is malware. Failing that, you can
               | sell your mal^H^H^H software directly, and users will
               | have to endure three clicks, instead of one, to open it
               | for the first time.
        
               | Joel_Mckay wrote:
               | >That's attestation. It isn't DRM.
               | 
               | True, but only if the validation code is vulnerable to an
               | unpatchable vulnerability discovered in Apple M1, M2 and
               | M3 chips. Otherwise your hardware, drivers, and or
               | software likely still needs approved by Apple.
               | 
               | "> Why don't Homebrew, Mac Ports, and Nix, count here?
               | Practically, I mean."
               | 
               | Generally, most users will never touch CLI, and the ones
               | that do often know how to deal with nag-ware in the OS.
               | 
               | "This just isn't true though, "
               | 
               | Right, you try to publish some kernel level driver that
               | touches the hardware signatures. These modern machines
               | will usually brick into a lock-screen on most platforms
               | now. Thus, no one will be developing 3rd party
               | hardware/drivers/Software/Firmware inside that box. You
               | must pay Apple to play... even to replace many broken
               | components.
               | 
               | "> The checks involved in the attestation process are
               | quite minimal and focus on whether your program is
               | malware"
               | 
               | Or running something Apple doesn't want, like another
               | store ecosystem (
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epic_Games_v._Apple ).
               | 
               | Arguably, modern Win11 and MacOS are already technically
               | Malware collecting user telemetry, content, and
               | metadata... in my opinion they arrive broken out of the
               | box. Perhaps you are arguing some corporation is
               | ethically superior to regular thieves. =3
        
               | jen20 wrote:
               | Do you realize that Borland were out of business by the
               | time code signing for basically any platform became a
               | thing most anyone was vaguely concerned with?
        
               | Joel_Mckay wrote:
               | Sure, historically the draconian legal encumbrances you
               | have to sign with Apple to make approved products were
               | active pre OS 6.
               | 
               | It is not just a software issue that scares away partners
               | from Apple. =3
               | 
               | Commercially, the original compiler was superseded by
               | other products.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%2B%2BBuilder
        
           | pjmlp wrote:
           | Object Pascal and MPW had something, but Metrowerks was
           | clearly much better.
        
             | Joel_Mckay wrote:
             | CodeWarrior was mainly popular for PalmOS, but had numerous
             | targets.
             | 
             | It was a standard prior to the gcc getting mainstream
             | recognition. =3
        
               | pjmlp wrote:
               | Not much of a standard on PC, other than being the way to
               | produce Palm, Epoch and Symbian apps, until Nokia
               | replaced it with Eclipse based tooling, Carbide.
        
               | Joel_Mckay wrote:
               | Metrowerks stuck around a long time in the embedded
               | space.
               | 
               | Eclipse was more of a phenomena in the Java/OO paradigm,
               | but was often slow on older platforms. Still, many folks
               | embraced the open ecosystem when it became popular.
               | 
               | Symbian was 10 years ahead of their time, and brought a
               | lot of new paradigms to mobile. Leaving the master
               | signing key on a reset device was a teachable moment for
               | most folks. =3
        
         | samatman wrote:
         | > _Eventually the MacOS application /compiler options users had
         | would slowly diversify under OSX/intel-cpu, but the M1/M2
         | architecture shift would drop again to burn down any progress
         | people made opening the platform. The easy to cross-port GNU
         | applications still cling to the underbelly of modern posix
         | based MacOS, but you can guarantee it is an uphill battle to
         | get anything deployed outside the Apple App store ecosystem
         | build tree._
         | 
         | This entire paragraph is completely mystifying to me. What are
         | you trying to say here? What uphill battle? What burned down
         | progress?
        
           | Joel_Mckay wrote:
           | "What are you trying to say here?"
           | 
           | Any CTO foolish enough to rely on Apples partner offerings,
           | had better plan on mitigating chaotic shifts in their
           | architecture/legal/DRM policies... often primarily focused on
           | locking out general purpose small firm software/hardware.
           | i.e. The thread asks "Why borland" (or any sane company)
           | would avoid Apple's walled garden ecosystem over the years.
           | 
           | "What uphill battle?"
           | 
           | Try to publish anything on their platform without signed
           | software DRM, or integrated 3rd party hardware. Essentially
           | your group will end up paying Apple with a tithe and legal
           | encumbrances, as it is essentially a closed ecosystem from
           | the users perspective.
           | 
           | "What burned down progress?"
           | 
           | The generic hardware around Intel cpus meant better support
           | for standardized game engine GPU drivers, easier compiler
           | ports, and alternate software sourcing ecosystems. The M2 was
           | nice silicon... but few folks are going to invest years
           | porting to Apples whimsical unicorn product trajectory for
           | lower market share. lol
           | 
           | "This entire paragraph is completely mystifying to me"
           | 
           | That is because you don't yet understand most successful
           | commercial software companies make money by reselling the
           | same software, and not mired in the perpetual cost/liability
           | of software porting to product-run specific chips.
           | 
           | I was not specifically picking on Apple here if that was your
           | concern. You would likely have needed to experience the OS8
           | and Desktop PowerPC deprecation to understand why people
           | avoided Apple for years after. =3
        
       | layer8 wrote:
       | Imagine if we had a Turbo Swift now.
        
         | pjmlp wrote:
         | Delphi, and Rem Objects has a Swift compiler.
         | 
         | https://www.remobjects.com/elements/
        
       | analog31 wrote:
       | I think the hurdle from a programming language to actually
       | creating mac-like software was too great for Borland and for
       | casual programmers. MS-DOS became where you could write and share
       | ugly but useful programs.
       | 
       | Hypercard changed that but it was too little too late and Apple
       | didn't have its heart in supporting casual programming.
       | Professional devs don't realize what a big deal Visual Basic was.
        
         | bunderbunder wrote:
         | Professional devs at the time certainly did. Some thoroughly
         | eye-watering percentage of business applications were written
         | in VB. I'm still not sure that any modern tech has replaced the
         | sheer "it doesn't need to be beautiful it just needs to be
         | functional and inexpensive to build and maintain" power that we
         | had with tools like Visual Basic.
         | 
         | Nowadays I'm accustomed to multi-person teams needing months to
         | build what a single skilled VB6 developer could bodge together
         | in a couple weeks, but I still sometimes marvel at how we got
         | from there to here without enterprise and B2B development shops
         | calling foul along the way. Perhaps it's because they know they
         | can cover any increase in development cost with the larger
         | amount of money they can squeeze out of customers using modern
         | SaaS subscription pricing schemes.
        
       | anticorporate wrote:
       | As many people have said, it's only an interesting question if
       | you don't have the context of Apple market share in the PC
       | market, which spent over two decades between 1980 and the early
       | 2000s in a state of almost constant decline.
       | 
       | To me, that's the more interesting part here. Yes, everyone knows
       | Apple is huge today, but many people apparently don't know how
       | far from inevitable that was. If you had asked me in 2000 who
       | would be the bigger company in 2024: Apple, Blockbuster, Toys "R"
       | Us, or Enron, I'm not sure how I would have answered except that
       | I'm positive I wouldn't have said Apple.
        
         | burningChrome wrote:
         | >> Apple, Blockbuster, Toys "R" Us, or Enron
         | 
         | This is such a great point. Blockbuster stores were so
         | ubiquitous, and I never thought streaming would be a thing
         | considering the state of the internet back in the late 90's,
         | early aughts. Toys? Who thought a toy store would ever go
         | bankrupt? And Enron were heralded as pioneers in the idea of
         | buying commodities on demand and how this was going to change
         | all kinds of different industries with their business model of
         | how they sold their wares. Enron was considered light years
         | ahead of companies in the energy sector.
         | 
         | At the same point, Apple seemed to be, like you said,
         | constantly failing, moving backwards, and essentially looked
         | like it already had one foot in the grave when every other
         | company was seemingly destined for a lifetime of success.
         | 
         | Having experienced the rise and fall of all the companies you
         | listed; I think a lot of people are unaware of how
         | destabilizing the internet has been for companies who were
         | unable to grasp how seismic the changes that were coming and
         | didn't move fast enough to adapt.
         | 
         | I think the real question is if someone other than Steve Jobs
         | was running Apple, would they have gone the same way the
         | companies you listed go as well?
        
           | zaidf wrote:
           | >I think the real question is if someone other than Steve
           | Jobs was running Apple, would they have gone the same way the
           | companies you listed go as well?
           | 
           | John Sculley already answered this, no?
        
             | philistine wrote:
             | I think the true lesson to learn from the CEOs who weren't
             | Steve Jobs was that one of them had the foresight to get
             | Steve Jobs back, after he had proven he was a keen leader
             | with NeXt and especially with Pixar.
        
               | phonon wrote:
               | NeXt was not doing well financially, and neither was
               | Pixar until Toy Story came out. He also did not run Pixar
               | in any meaningful way.
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | He was very engaged in the business side, and kept close
               | contact on the creative side but knew to leave well
               | alone.
               | 
               | Pixar is a great example of Jobs understanding what he
               | should NOT be doing, and not doing it. That must take
               | incredible discipline.
        
           | bunderbunder wrote:
           | And Apple's success arguably isn't just a result of suddenly
           | starting to execute well. It also took Microsoft giving them
           | a golden opportunity by executing rather impressively poorly
           | for a good long while. 1998 - 2009 was a tough time to be a
           | Windows user.
           | 
           | I switched from PC to Mac for home use in about 2003. I liked
           | OS X from day 1 (I worked the help desk at my college when it
           | was released, so I had to learn it fairly deeply), but that
           | alone probably wouldn't have been enough to entice me to make
           | the switch, especially in light of how big the Apple tax was
           | back then. I had also spent several years living with Windows
           | Me and Windows XP, and I was probably switching _away_ from
           | them as much as I was switching _toward_ a Mac.
        
             | mdasen wrote:
             | I was a Mac user through those years and it wasn't roses
             | during much of that time. In 1998, Microsoft had Windows
             | 95/98 which didn't have the nice polish I loved from my
             | Mac, but it was a modern OS running on much faster and
             | cheaper hardware. Mac OS 8 was really good looking, but it
             | wasn't a modern OS - cooperative multi-tasking and no
             | separation between processes. Mac OS 9 didn't change that.
             | 
             | At the same time, Intel was just demolishing the PowerPC.
             | You could get a much faster Windows PC for a third of the
             | price. Yes, Apple has a price premium today, but it's
             | marginal and you're usually getting better stuff. Back then
             | the price differential was huge.
             | 
             | Things didn't get better fast. Windows XP gave home users
             | Microsoft's NT OS while Mac OS X was so slow it was
             | basically unusable. Windows apps would start up instantly
             | while OS X would let you watch an icon keep bouncing in the
             | dock. Intel kept pummeling PowerPC both on price and
             | performance.
             | 
             | You started using OS X in 2003 so you never used 10.0 and
             | 10.1, but it was painful. Even in 2003, performance was
             | still slow and compatibility could be hard, but it was
             | getting substantially better. More apps were fitting in
             | with the OS by this time. A lot of the early ports from Mac
             | OS Classic weren't very good and the UI elements didn't
             | always look right.
             | 
             | OS X did give Apple a big advantage: it was a Unix with
             | good laptop support. This brought a lot of techies to the
             | platform. But it's hard to say that Microsoft wasn't doing
             | well for most users at this time. Windows XP was so fast
             | and the hardware was so cheap.
             | 
             | Microsoft did have some fumbles. Windows Me should never
             | have been released. Windows XP had a lot of security issues
             | for a while. But most people weren't even looking at Apple
             | - until the iPod.
             | 
             | I think Apple's resurgence was their own doing. The iPod
             | got people interested in Apple again. I think delivering a
             | laptop-friendly Unix brought a ton of techies and
             | developers to the platform. I think the move to Intel
             | processors closed a huge performance gap that had been
             | plaguing Apple.
             | 
             | Even today, while Apple's Mac business is doing great, how
             | much of that is attributable to the impact that iOS had?
             | Even then, Windows is still the vast majority of the market
             | (85-90%). Most people never saw a reason to leave Windows.
             | 
             | If Apple hadn't gotten hit products like the iPod and
             | iPhone, would we have seen the same huge resurgence in the
             | Mac? Or would people continue buying faster Windows
             | machines at a third of the price?
             | 
             | I'm a big Mac fan, but there were some painful days in
             | there and 1998-2005 could be pretty painful. It wasn't all
             | bad. Mac OS X was getting better by 2003-2004. But there
             | was a lot that wasn't so great. Still, I know people who
             | did switch then. Windows could be annoying as hell - but it
             | didn't start being annoying in 1998. Windows 3.1 was very
             | basic and Windows 95 would have all the same complaints as
             | Windows 98. But Windows 95 was so much better than the
             | Classic Mac OS. Windows XP was more usable than the early
             | Mac OS versions. But OS X started showing promise and it
             | was getting fans - and many were pissed off with Windows.
             | 
             | But I don't think that's what gave the Mac its resurgence.
             | The iPod and iPhone brought users who wanted Apple's
             | experience on their computer.
        
           | jordanb wrote:
           | > Blockbuster stores were so ubiquitous and I never thought
           | streaming would be a thing considering the state of the
           | internet
           | 
           | Netflix started drinking Blockbuster's milkshake in the DVDs-
           | by-mail day, because you didn't have to worry about late
           | fees.
           | 
           | Blockbuster should have eliminated late fees and offered DVDs
           | by subscription in-store, but they made too much money off
           | the late fees.
        
             | lux_scintilla wrote:
             | >Blockbuster should have eliminated late fees and offered
             | DVDs by subscription in-store, but they made too much money
             | off the late fees.
             | 
             | FWIW they did do exactly that. It was a monthly
             | subscription fee, you could have three movies or games out
             | at a time, no late fees. I don't remember what the plan was
             | named but I think it was movie pass, to start a new
             | membership you typed "pass" into the terminal. It was
             | pushed somewhat strongly in store I remember having a new
             | sign ups quota per shift.
             | 
             | So strange that this somehow became a relevant tidbit in a
             | post about Borland ignoring Macs.
        
         | kemiller wrote:
         | Warning, rambling old man story ahead.
         | 
         | I've been a Mac fan since it was released. I was 8. My dad
         | wouldn't let me get one because he disliked them pretty
         | intensely, said you couldn't tell what they were doing and
         | couldn't fix them, and they were overpriced. And I mean, he
         | wasn't wrong. I remember once, probably 1985 or 1986, we were
         | at a computer show where they were raffling off, I think, a Mac
         | 128k or Plus. My dad told me if either of us won we would sell
         | it and get an Amiga. In retrospect that would have been cool,
         | TBH.
         | 
         | The only thing that ever got my attention instead was when NeXT
         | came out. It was just so badass, this ominous black cube with
         | the cool 3d grayscale UI. But even more out of reach
         | financially, so I just hung out at the local university
         | computer base that had a bunch. I think the guys in the store
         | viewed me as a kind of mascot. But TBH NeXT struggled just as
         | hard as Apple and didn't even have their legacy brand equity.
         | 
         | Those of us who suffered through the bad years are still the
         | most loyal, I find, even though they are stagnating, and even
         | though the modern OS and hardware, though unquestionably vastly
         | better in functional terms, are just not quite as interesting
         | and unique.* In the late 90s, when Apple was at its nadir, I
         | had to reluctantly mostly abandon the Mac. I still had one but
         | most of my time was in the unix/Linux/FreeBSD world. So when
         | NeXT reverse-acquired Apple, and the classic look and some of
         | the classic feel of the Mac married the unix foundations of
         | NeXTStep, it was game over, and the first chance I got I
         | convinced my boss to let switch and I've never looked back.
         | 
         | * John Siracusa's excellent explanation of what I mean:
         | https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2003/04/finder/
        
           | macintux wrote:
           | Similar story for me. After using Macs for years, I drifted
           | into Linux-land, and it took me a while to realize "Oh, wait,
           | Macs are UNIX now" and jump back in. Been very happy since.
        
       | nyrikki wrote:
       | People forgot the Ashton-Tate merger, which destroyed Borland's
       | internal culture and saddled it with products that were almost
       | impossible to move to a WYSIWYG model.
       | 
       | They were targeting both Windows and OS/2 for the GUI
       | implementations they did deliver with much reduced budgets.
       | 
       | Microsoft buying FoxPro and introducing preditory pricing also
       | didn't help.
       | 
       | Neither did MS sniping the Quattero team.
       | 
       | Add in Philippe Kahn and the Borland board fighting on direction
       | didn't help.
       | 
       | The company simply was troubled and didn't have the resources to
       | port anything besides Pascal, which as one of the teaching
       | languages of the day, was easier to justify.
        
       | rbanffy wrote:
       | I like to imagine they couldn't make a dent in the Mac market
       | because their products were too ugly to appeal to Mac users.
       | 
       | Sometimes I think I'm only half joking on that.
       | 
       | Back then, making software run on more than one platform was much
       | more painful than it is now. Not only were the range of features
       | provided by the OS vastly different, it was common to write
       | performance critical parts in assembly - which made them need to
       | be almost completely rewritten (there were macro assemblers that
       | made that slightly easier). Unix was heralded as "open" (not to
       | be confused with open source) because it was less painful to port
       | stuff and make it interoperate with other Unixes.
        
       | isodev wrote:
       | Maybe they could see the future and didn't want to pay 30% of
       | their revenue for nothing /s.
        
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