[HN Gopher] Security Clearances at the Speed of Startups
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       Security Clearances at the Speed of Startups
        
       Author : sblank
       Score  : 35 points
       Date   : 2024-08-13 19:30 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (steveblank.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (steveblank.com)
        
       | bell-cot wrote:
       | Rule of Thumb: Unless either (1) your family has been "in that
       | line of work" for several decades, or (2) a Clearance is needed
       | for long-term success in your chosen field, the grief & weirdness
       | of getting & maintaining a Security Clearance is Just Not Worth
       | It.
        
         | Narhem wrote:
         | The upside being having a security clearance is means almost
         | always having a job available.
        
         | martinky24 wrote:
         | If you don't do drugs, don't commit felonies, and don't have a
         | ton of foreign friends (particularly from a few key,
         | problematic countries), it's really not _that_ bad. You have
         | some more annual paperwork that you're paid to do, you might
         | have some restrictions on certain international travel, but for
         | many people, nothing of meaning really changes before/after
         | getting one.
         | 
         | It's not for everyone, but for plenty it's not a huge burden.
         | Even if their family hasn't been "in that line of work" for
         | several decades.
         | 
         | And it unlocks the ability to work on certain things that
         | simply don't exist elsewhere (no, not just weapons).
        
       | greyface- wrote:
       | Getting a security clearance comes with liability and potential
       | downside that doesn't exist in the private sector. Some examples:
       | 
       | * Restrictions and reporting requirements around international
       | travel and contact with foreign nationals
       | 
       | * Restrictions on discussing work with friends and family
       | 
       | * Prohibition on cannabis use
       | 
       | * Prohibition on reading publicly leaked secret documents (from
       | the Snowden days:
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20211120154017/https://sgp.fas.o...)
       | 
       | Interns-to-be should consider carefully whether this lasting
       | infringement on personal liberty is worth any upside of
       | employment at a defense contractor for 3 months.
        
         | basementcat wrote:
         | Note that there are different clearances with different
         | restrictions and obligations. Lower level clearances are not
         | much different than standard background checks to obtain an
         | HSPF-12 credential (US Gov ID badge) while higher level
         | clearances may require periodic polygraph tests and other
         | additional restrictions.
         | 
         | https://www.commerce.gov/osy/programs/credentialing/hspd-12-...
         | 
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_clearance
        
         | jonnybgood wrote:
         | I believe the only lasting restriction is speaking about the
         | work due to an NDA, which is not that different than NDA
         | restrictions on speaking about private sector trade secrets and
         | intellectual property. The other restrictions only last if
         | seeking to maintain the clearance or employed in a position
         | that requires a clearance. Clearances expire except for the
         | NDA.
        
       | buildsjets wrote:
       | A job that requires a security clearance is not a job that I want
       | to be doing, ever.
        
         | j_bum wrote:
         | Why's that? I'm really not familiar with the ins and outs of
         | clearance.
         | 
         | Do you have ethical reasons? Or practical?
        
           | 1oooqooq wrote:
           | Did you miss the several times on the news where
           | whistleblowers had their lives destroyed after speaking up
           | about literal knowingly bombing of children?
        
           | girvo wrote:
           | For myself it's somewhat ethical, and somewhat practical:
           | there's no way I'd get cleared anyway, due to my history of
           | hard drug addiction in my teens and early 20s. Despite being
           | sober for... gosh, over a decade now, it's a moot point in
           | that process.
        
             | upfrog wrote:
             | Don't assume that your history would be an immediate
             | dealbreaker. With enough time, they are happy to ignore a
             | lot of that stuff. Just be honest.
             | 
             | Of course, if you don't believe in any of the causes you
             | might need a clearance for, it doesn't matter, but don't be
             | too quick to make that assumption either. A lot of stuff
             | gets classified by the government, and not all of it is
             | morally noisome.
        
             | dgacmu wrote:
             | You might be surprised. I have some friends who did a lot
             | of drugs at one point or another in their life and ended up
             | later holding a clearance. Addiction might be different,
             | but I wouldn't let your past deter you from looking if
             | there was an opportunity you really liked. The clearance
             | process looks more at if you have a problem that can be
             | exploited.
             | 
             | (Now, that said, holding a clearance can be a pain for
             | other reasons already detailed in this thread. A lifetime
             | ban on talking about some things can be an annoying
             | cognitive burden to carry, also.)
        
           | wildzzz wrote:
           | There's a lot of practical reasons why someone wouldn't want
           | one. There are foreign travel and contact reporting
           | requirements and use of weed is forbidden. Some people may be
           | uncomfortable with the level of scrutiny that investigators
           | go through to find dirt on you (talking to neighbors,
           | friends, and family even if you didn't put them down as
           | references). Once your clearance lapses, you have no
           | requirements other than the lifelong NDA you sign regarding
           | the work you did which could hamper future job interviews
           | somewhat if you can't talk about what you actually worked on.
           | If you write a book, you usually need to get permission prior
           | to publishing by submitting drafts to the government,
           | especially if it's relevant to your work.
           | 
           | As for ethics, clearances go hand in hand in working with
           | intelligence agencies, the department of defense, federal law
           | enforcement or a few other departments either as a contractor
           | or government employee. So if you are fundamentally opposed
           | to what these groups do, maybe a job requiring a clearance
           | isn't the best fit for you. There is another clearance called
           | public trust that is very mild that may be required at places
           | like the Treasury or NASA. Basically if you don't want a
           | clearance, avoid working for the government.
        
       | rdl wrote:
       | Having done startups in the national security space (and had to
       | deal with clearances) -- it's a bad system from both directions
       | -- overly onerous compliance for good people AND ineffective at
       | addressing modern security risks. It made sense in the 1950s as a
       | way to protect large development and operational programs with
       | long tenure employment against penetration by an external
       | adversary (USSR), and to a limited extent, ideological or
       | financially motivated defectors. It doesn't work as well today
       | where someone can become "radicalized" online,
       | foreign/international contacts are routine, etc.
       | 
       | Just being a citizenship bar, even if it did nothing else, really
       | complicates hiring in tech -- what you often end up doing is
       | having as much work as possible done uncleared/commercially and
       | then thrown over the wall to cleared people who can implement it
       | with the client. Works well in infosec with mostly systems
       | integrated with commercial stuff; doesn't work with jet engines
       | or missiles as well
       | 
       | Clearances being handed out like relative candy to 18-28 year
       | olds in the military (so, for someone like Manning, approximately
       | zero information responsive to requests (as minor records
       | excluded, and the 7-10 year lookback isn't relevant when you have
       | far fewer adult years), extreme reluctance to suspend or revoke a
       | clearance when granted), and ineffective reporting of incidents.
       | 
       | The hassle of holding a clearance to some extent depends on the
       | issuing agency/level (DOD Secret is relatively non-hassle; law
       | enforcement ones are more lifestyle focused on paper at lower
       | levels; substantial travel restrictions for levels/programs come
       | in above Secret too).
       | 
       | There is also the difference between official restrictions and
       | reality -- given OPM hack and general government incompetence,
       | it's safe to assume your info becomes public or at least known to
       | adversaries, so even after a clearance expires, it would probably
       | be unwise to travel to some countries for a much longer period.
       | Also exposes your family/other contacts to hassle from both USG
       | investigators and potential foreign adversaries.
        
       | MattPalmer1086 wrote:
       | It definitely takes a long time and makes it hard to employ
       | people.
       | 
       | I've had SC clearance twice in the UK, which isn't too bad, just
       | a couple of months or so. Even so, I saw people sit around
       | waiting for their clearance, unable to do anything, and then
       | leave before they had managed to do anything.
       | 
       | One job I applied for needed a DV clearance, and that takes a
       | really long time. They advised me to get another job in the
       | meantime, but it was just too much hassle, so I passed on it.
        
       | altairprime wrote:
       | I think this submission title should be modified to:
       | 
       | > Palantir's accelerated security clearance plan for students
       | 
       | This addresses several issues with the headline as presented:
       | 
       | - It's capitalized appropriately for HN.
       | 
       | - It clearly states that this is about students _only_ , reducing
       | the scope of the effort from the unstated framing: "all workers".
       | 
       | - It reflects the single-company focus of Palantir in the
       | article, improving HN submission search results for that company.
       | 
       | - It reuses the exact wording of the most key heading in the
       | article with only two words added: "for students".
        
         | tedmiston wrote:
         | Yeah, this is a much more accurate title than _Security
         | Clearances at the Speed of Startups_.
         | 
         | I think you need to email dang <hn@ycombinator.com> to see if
         | he'll agree to update.
        
       | vineyardlabs wrote:
       | Not sure why this article (or Palantir) is trying to paint this
       | as a new thing. I started at a legacy defense contractor
       | immediately after graduating from undergrad. I was hired and had
       | my security clearance process initiated during the fall of my
       | senior year. Unfortunately this was during the great backup of
       | ~2016 so I still wasn't cleared by the time I started, but they
       | still had unclassified work I could do.
        
         | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
         | You should never submit an SF-86 before your first day of work.
         | That is used to trick you into an interim clearance review that
         | can lead to the job being revoked before you report for work.
         | Once you're an official employee you can't be fired for denial
         | of clearance, though an effort at constructive dismissal will
         | likely ensue if they can't find an uncleared role for you.
        
           | vineyardlabs wrote:
           | That wouldn't have mattered for me. The contractor I worked
           | for (and most that I'm aware of) required me to complete a
           | questionnaire that they used to assess my likelihood of
           | getting a clearance before extending me an offer.
           | 
           | Not trying to doubt you, but I find the idea that a company
           | can't terminate an employee for failing to get a clearance
           | for a job that requires a clearance to be tough to believe.
           | You have a source?
        
           | jdmarble wrote:
           | Is there a law that prevents a company from firing you if you
           | can't get a clearance?
           | 
           | I've seen job postings with something like "the ability to
           | acquire and hold a [Top] Secret security clearance is
           | required for this position". Is this illegal or necessary to
           | be able to fire someone because they couldn't get or lost
           | their clearance?
        
         | anthomtb wrote:
         | This was also the case for several of my college classmates and
         | I graduated in the late 2000's.
         | 
         | I would be curious why Steve Blank (who's pretty sharp
         | otherwise) and Palantir are presenting this as something novel.
        
       | 1oooqooq wrote:
       | > Over the last five years more of my students have understood
       | that Russia's brutal war in Ukraine and strategic competition
       | with the People's Republic of China mean that the world is no
       | longer a stable and safe place. This has convinced many of them
       | to work on national security problems in defense startups.
       | 
       | oh so that is why there's always that crap on the news?
       | 
       | Man I miss when they lured smart kids with the false promises of
       | moon rockets
        
         | 0x1ch wrote:
         | I don't know a single graduate that joined a defense contractor
         | to help Ukraine lol. Maybe their bank accounts perhaps, but
         | that isn't a false promise.
        
           | 1oooqooq wrote:
           | I was being facetious for humor, on the fact that now several
           | senate hearings are public in which NASA budget was justified
           | as such recruiting.
        
       | jdmarble wrote:
       | I think that a better strategy is to make the work that requires
       | a clearance as "small" as possible. Consider two contractors:
       | 
       | Contractor A does everything in a closed area. All software is
       | written, built, and tested on classified information systems. In
       | this situation, it is impractical to move anything out,
       | regardless if the software is actually classified. It's easy to
       | move things back and forth between the developer's machines and
       | the (necessarily) classified test/production system, but now you
       | have the problem from TFA: you can only hire cleared employees or
       | you eat the cost of them doing nothing useful for ~1 year.
       | 
       | Contractor B has arranged things so that the work that has to be
       | done in a closed area is only on the specific information that
       | _must_ be classified as described in the security classification
       | guide for that program. Depending on the program this could be a
       | small software library or even a configuration file. Interns and
       | first-year employees can work on the majority of the system with
       | dummy/stub libraries and fake data, then hand their work over to
       | cleared employees for further testing in the closed area (if that
       | is even necessary for the work at hand). It is not very hard to
       | move software from an unclassified to a classified area. It is
       | harder to move test results from a classified to an unclassified
       | area. A description of what happened when an unclassified piece
       | of software runs in a classified environment _can_ be sanitized
       | and still leave all information necessary to continue work
       | outside. Aside from the situation described in TFA, this also
       | reduces the "it is miserable working in the SCIF" retention
       | problem.
       | 
       | It requires work to arrange things in this way, but not much more
       | work if the software is written using best practices. Maybe this
       | strategy only applies to software development. There are other
       | professions out there I've heard. :)
        
       | josh_carterPDX wrote:
       | Security clearances should take a long time because the risk of
       | information being leaked is so high. Not sure I'm aligned here
       | with Palantir or Steve Blank that the process needs to be sped
       | up. Sounds like a recipe for disaster given all of the leaks
       | we've seen over the past decade or more.
        
         | bpshaver wrote:
         | The article does not mention speeding up the process, only
         | starting it sooner.
        
       | bpshaver wrote:
       | I work in this industry and I thought the practice described here
       | was common. I'm aware of multiple companies, including my own,
       | that put in for security clearances for interns so they can have
       | a clearance on the first day of their full time employment.
        
       | enjoyyourlife wrote:
       | This is how the hiring process already works at government
       | agencies. You get a CJO (Conditional Job Offer) are able to start
       | the clearance process and get the FJO (Final Job Offer) once you
       | receive the clearance.
        
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