[HN Gopher] FCC seek comments on NextNav petition for rulemaking...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       FCC seek comments on NextNav petition for rulemaking on lower
       900MHz ISM band
        
       Author : pera
       Score  : 97 points
       Date   : 2024-08-12 17:08 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (docs.fcc.gov)
 (TXT) w3m dump (docs.fcc.gov)
        
       | rpaddock wrote:
       | Seems like NextNav is following the The Firangi Rules of
       | Acquisition to Profit at the expense of every existing service in
       | the 902 to 907 MHz band.
        
         | lenerdenator wrote:
         | Just remember:
         | 
         | If companies could reasonably expect to get away with it,
         | they'd offer murder-for-hire as-a-service so long as it was
         | profitable, and if they didn't, there'd probably be at least
         | one activist shareholder who would push for it.
        
           | arghwhat wrote:
           | Companies do, just not the ones we read about on Hacker News.
        
           | 01HNNWZ0MV43FF wrote:
           | True Also companies are made of people. There is no magic
           | threshold of size at which bad stuff seeps in
        
           | brigadier132 wrote:
           | This is statement is so ridiculous. It's like saying "Just
           | remember: some humans are murderers"
        
             | aidenn0 wrote:
             | Corporations in the US are structured in a way that many
             | will act with ethics much lower than the median ethics of
             | the employees.
        
           | callalex wrote:
           | Isn't that what Blackwater is?
        
       | rpcope1 wrote:
       | So basically they want the FCC to punish a bunch of ISM and Ham
       | users by taking that spectrum more or less for themselves?
        
         | Joel_Mckay wrote:
         | The worst part about this is they will be out of business in 10
         | years, and resold the bands to an existing telecom.
         | 
         | In this day and age, the protocols do not require exclusive
         | control over a band to function in spread spectrum modes.
         | 
         | Pretty douche move, and pissing off 68000 amateur radio folks
         | in an election year may be unwise. =3
        
           | lenerdenator wrote:
           | The thing with 915 ISM is that it's not just crotchety old
           | Elmer, K0LD, sitting his shack that you're screwing over.
           | 
           | Meshtastic devices are really starting to see uptake among
           | techies in general, and in the US, the primary band they
           | operate on is 915Mhz. It's to the point now that DefCon will
           | put extra strain on the mesh and the project has to release
           | patches ahead of time. If news got there this year, you can
           | count on some jimmies having been rustled.
        
             | Joel_Mckay wrote:
             | For sure, some use 900MHz 802.15.4 equipment for
             | industrial, agriculture, and environmental monitoring
             | systems.
             | 
             | People need the lower frequency to punch though the water
             | vapor, and can't get away with <14cm without cutting range.
             | 
             | Using it for 5G bandwidths is stupidly inefficient, as it
             | will cap out at a few hundred users a cell. Maybe they are
             | getting the bands for cheap... lol =)
        
               | rpcope1 wrote:
               | It's honestly as stupid as that HFT shop that was trying
               | to grab a bunch of shortwave bandwidth for god knows what
               | sort of shenanigans instead of just building microwave
               | towers or doing something else mildly more intelligent.
        
             | AriedK wrote:
             | From the article: " NextNav asks that the Commission
             | reconfigure the Lower 900 MHz Band by creating a
             | 5-megahertz uplink in the 902-907 MHz band paired with a
             | 10-megahertz downlink in the 918-928 MHz band, shifting all
             | the remaining non-M-LMS licensees to the 907-918 MHz
             | portion of the band. Petition at 28-30."
             | 
             | So at least all LoRa based applications seem unaffected by
             | this. Though I don't know how much traffic in the proposed
             | NetNav bands will migrate to 915 MHz bands, crowding the
             | spectrum.
        
         | kmeisthax wrote:
         | >Finally, we seek comment on the windfall that NextNav might
         | receive as a result of its proposed spectrum swap for a new
         | nationwide license, including the acquisition of accompanying
         | rights as a licensee and lessor, the application of flexible
         | use and less restrictive technical rules to this band, and how
         | the Commission should address any such windfall.
         | 
         | Seems like you might want to send in your comments.
        
       | akira2501 wrote:
       | Do they have any explanation as to why they somehow _require_ 15
       | continuous MHz of bandwidth in order to provide basic PNT
       | services? This is exceptionally disruptive for technical reasons
       | that are not clearly enumerated in this notice.
        
         | sitkack wrote:
         | Because they want a nationwide bandwidth block that they can
         | hoard. They don't need 15Mhz for PNT.
         | 
         | This is so they can offer nationwide machine to machine long
         | distance communication. Commercial meshtastic. They spectrum
         | would be entirely theirs across the whole country, and could be
         | used for any purpose. The extra anticompetitive move is that it
         | would kick out and constraint free users of this bandwidth at
         | the same time offering paid services in the same band.
         | Corporate enshitification of the commons.
        
       | shagie wrote:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/33-centimeter_band for info on the
       | current and historical use of this band.
       | 
       | > In 1985, the Federal Communications Commission allocated the
       | frequency band between 902 and 928 MHz to Part 18 ISM
       | (industrial, scientific, and medical) devices. In that
       | proceeding, the band was also allocated to the Amateur Radio
       | Service on a secondary basis meaning amateurs could use the band
       | as long as they accepted interference from, and did not cause
       | interference to, primary users.
        
       | hvs wrote:
       | Relevant:
       | 
       | https://meshtastic.org/
       | 
       | https://github.com/meshtastic
       | 
       | https://meshtastic.org/docs/configuration/radio/lora/
        
         | hiddencost wrote:
         | "NextNav's Petition for Rulemaking. NextNav asks that the
         | Commission reconfigure the Lower 900 MHz Band by creating a
         | 5-megahertz uplink in the 902-907 MHz band paired with a
         | 10-megahertz downlink in the 918-928 MHz band, shifting all the
         | remaining non-M-LMS licensees to the 907-918 MHz portion of the
         | band. Petition at 28-30."
         | 
         | Hmmm
        
       | sephamorr wrote:
       | I have been very interested in 802.11ah halow (wifi in 900mhz ism
       | band) to solve the inconvenient distances where 2.4g wifi has
       | insufficient range, but something like a LTE catM modem is
       | overkill. I'd be very disappointed if this effectively takes over
       | the band nationwide.
       | 
       | Can anyone comment on nextnav's intended duty cycle or just how
       | much they'll occupy? They're asking for a lot of bandwidth, so
       | perhaps it's in a short enough burst and infrequent enough to not
       | cause real problems?
        
         | dboreham wrote:
         | > 2.4g wifi has insufficient range
         | 
         | Is this about propagation over obstructed Fresnel zone paths?
         | 
         | I ask because generally 2.4GHz has much longer range than
         | 900MHz due to the much higher gain antennas achievable at
         | higher frequencies.
         | 
         | But if there's something in the way (trees, buildings, a bit of
         | terrain), then 900MHz can work on a path when 2.4GHz doesn't. I
         | suppose that's one definition of "has sufficient range".
        
           | sephamorr wrote:
           | Yes, forest is my exact use case, with roving devices that
           | are too cheap to have phased arrays so get stuck on low gain
           | antennas.
        
       | threeio wrote:
       | Mmm... power meters mesh in that freq range as I recall as
       | well...
        
       | mlfreeman wrote:
       | What would this potentially do to Z-Wave devices?
        
         | montjoy wrote:
         | Great question. I'm wondering the same. According to Wikipedia:
         | 
         | > in Europe it operates at the 868-869 MHz band while in North
         | America the band varies from 908-916 MHz when Z-Wave is
         | operating as a mesh network and 912-920 MHz when Z-Wave is
         | operating with a star topology in Z-Wave LR mode.
         | 
         | So there definitely would be overlap in North America.
        
       | warble wrote:
       | From Wikipedia: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/NextNav
       | 
       | On March 11, 2024, NextNav announced it signed an agreement to
       | acquire spectrum licenses covering an additional 4 MHz in the
       | lower 900 MHz band (902-928) from Telesaurus Holdings GB LLC, and
       | Skybridge Spectrum Foundation. NextNav acquired the additional
       | spectrum licenses for a total purchase price of up to $50
       | million, paid for through a combination of cash and NextNav
       | common stock. The acquired licenses are in the same lower 900 MHz
       | band as NextNav's current licensed spectrum. On April 16, 2024,
       | NextNav filed a rulemaking petition with the Federal
       | Communications Commission to deliver a spectrum solution in the
       | Lower 900 MHz band to facilitate a terrestrial positioning,
       | navigation, and timing network (as a complement and backup to
       | GPS) and broadband.
        
       | sitkack wrote:
       | This is bullshit taking from the commons. I abhor the writing
       | style of this document which might be "obvious" to an FCC
       | insider, but this is clearly an unmitigated theft.
        
         | xnyan wrote:
         | I agree, the problem is the widely held belief that neutrality
         | in writing is possible and positive. It's not possible for
         | information to be presented without bias, even when done in the
         | best of faith. Attempting to be neutral itself is of course
         | biased by the experiences and information that has led one to
         | an understanding of what "neutral" is. Neutrality is however a
         | fantastic tool for hiding bias and ultimately that is (I think,
         | at least) the reason it's such a popular idea.
         | 
         | I think transparency actually gives the benefits that
         | neutrality claims. Everything I think and do has bias, I will
         | (as best I can) tell you what my biases are and let you
         | evaluate that how you will.
        
       | blackeyeblitzar wrote:
       | Is there a way to restrain what they can use this spectrum for,
       | or is it doomed to be resold to someone else, basically depriving
       | the public of spectrum?
        
       | montjoy wrote:
       | Things in my house that use the lower 900Mhz band already:
       | 
       | - Z-wave network
       | 
       | - Weather Stations
       | 
       | In the past - cordless phones
       | 
       | - baby monitors
       | 
       | Do we have any guarantees that these devices will continue to
       | work?
        
         | scottbez1 wrote:
         | I'm not super familiar with this so I could be totally
         | misreading this, but assuming those are operating under part 15
         | the answer to whether they are guaranteed to continue working
         | seems to be explicitly "no" under NextNav's proposal:
         | 
         | >NextNav does, however, seek the removal of the current
         | requirement that it not cause unacceptable levels of
         | interference to part 15 devices. See Petition at A-6 (proposing
         | to amend SS 90.361), A-11 (proposing to add SS 90.1410(c)).
        
       | drmpeg wrote:
       | Spectrogram of 902-928 MHz here in Silicon Valley with just an
       | indoor antenna. Tons of power and gas meters pinging away.
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GK60cMsBaFo
       | 
       | Make sure to switch to 1080p.
        
         | heywire wrote:
         | Casually showing off your B210 lol jk, I'm just jealous. My
         | RSP1A clone only goes about 10MHz wide. Patiently waiting for
         | an affordable 30MHz wide SDR.
        
       | mikewarot wrote:
       | We clearly need ground based navigation and time distribution to
       | back up GPS, but it should be run by the Department of
       | Transportation, or the DoD, not rent seekers.
        
         | rpcope1 wrote:
         | I agree, this is literally what LORAN was/is for navigation
         | (and we can and should build a better LORAN), and for time
         | distribution WWVB and WWV already exist.
        
           | mikewarot wrote:
           | LORAN was great for being in the right part of the ocean, but
           | being up to 1/4 mile off when navigating land is unacceptable
           | as a replacement for GPS.
           | 
           | WWV isn't a precision timing source, and is only sporadically
           | available depending on a number of factors.
           | 
           | The best option would be something like a sub carrier on DTV
           | and FM broadcasting, along with a beacon at all cell sites.
           | 
           | Auctions of the airwaves are a hidden tax, and should end.
        
       | scottbez1 wrote:
       | These policy tradeoffs are interesting (and tricky) - if you have
       | a huge number of different parties that are unorganized yet
       | impacted by a policy, how do you ensure you have adequate
       | representation from them when compared to a single well-organized
       | party?
       | 
       | > The Petition recognizes that there currently are unlicensed
       | part 15 devices operating in the Lower 900 MHz Band, but it is
       | unclear regarding the extent to which the proposed
       | reconfiguration would impact potentially millions of such
       | devices. With respect to part 15 devices, NextNav states that it
       | is completing technical analyses and "will work with unlicensed
       | users to understand their spectrum requirements." Id.
       | 
       | > NextNav does, however, seek the removal of the current
       | requirement that it not cause unacceptable levels of interference
       | to part 15 devices. See Petition at A-6 (proposing to amend SS
       | 90.361), A-11 (proposing to add SS 90.1410(c)).
       | 
       | Requesting public comment is perhaps better than nothing (and
       | likely better than just allowing lobbyists to influence policy
       | behind closed doors), but it's a hard problem to quantify whether
       | the collected comments are representative when one side is more
       | heavily resourced and organized than the other?
       | 
       | Is it even _possible_ to  "work with unlicensed users to
       | understand their spectrum requirements" in a way that doesn't
       | ignore a potentially substantial long-tail of varied usage?
        
         | ianburrell wrote:
         | I saw response from LoRa organization in another article. They
         | use the ISM allocation.
         | 
         | That is also amateur radio band and their organization, ARRL,
         | will probably be involved.
         | 
         | There are products, like ZWave, that are in band and might
         | protest. The short-range in-house probably won't interfere with
         | the outside users.
        
       | Aloha wrote:
       | https://docs.fcc.gov/public/attachments/DA-24-776A1.pdf
       | 
       | Here is the much more readable PDF.
        
       | Spivak wrote:
       | > The Petition recognizes that there currently are unlicensed
       | part 15 devices operating in the Lower 900 MHz Band, but it is
       | unclear regarding the extent to which the proposed
       | reconfiguration would impact potentially millions of such
       | devices. With respect to part 15 devices, NextNav states that it
       | is completing technical analyses and "will work with unlicensed
       | users to understand their spectrum requirements."
       | 
       | > NextNav does, however, seek the removal of the current
       | requirement that it not cause unacceptable levels of interference
       | to part 15 devices. See Petition at A-6 (proposing to amend SS
       | 90.361), A-11 (proposing to add SS 90.1410(c)). NextNav also
       | states that updating the band to increase flexibility will not
       | impact amateur users.
       | 
       | If you were really going to do the first part then surely you
       | don't need to remove the no interference requirement, right? If
       | the rule is "$new_thing can occupy this spectrum but it must not
       | interfere with existing usages of the spectrum" then what's to
       | discuss, it's a win-win? It seems like the FCC is doing what they
       | need to and making them actually specify what is required to not
       | interfere with existing users so it can be made part of the rule.
       | So I guess I'll hold my breath and see what they come up with.
        
       | vvpan wrote:
       | My friends are running a company called FOAM Space that has also
       | put a lot of research into 3D terrestrial-base positioning [1].
       | Their system, though, can also make "claims" about the position,
       | which is a cryptographic proof that the object that created the
       | claim was at location X at time Y. So, not only you can find
       | where you are but you can also you prove to others that you are
       | there. They use unregulated LoRa bandwidths to operate.
       | 
       | [1] https://foam.space/
       | 
       | EDIT: typos
        
       | loph wrote:
       | One should not forget how the FCC gifted the bottom of the 220
       | MHz band to UPS, who never used it.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1.25-meter_band#U.S._reallocat...
       | 
       | I have a better idea. Take the old UHF TV channels 70-83 that
       | were re-allocated to AMPS cellular and re-allocate them again.
        
         | refulgentis wrote:
         | I'm a bit confused, UPS didn't end up using spectrum it asked
         | for in 1977 to build radio relay stations in 1988, so in 2024,
         | we should take old TV channels and reallocate them to UPS?
         | NextNav?
        
           | PaulHoule wrote:
           | Overall people are frustrated at so much radio frequency
           | lying fallow. My pet peeve is that the density of commercial
           | TV and radio stations in the U.S. East coast is a fraction of
           | what it is in the West coast. Seems cities in the East are
           | too spread out for a single station to cover much population
           | but too close together to reuse frequencies between cities.
           | Turn your dial on your TV and radio and it is a lot of dead
           | air.
        
       | mordae wrote:
       | We need to expand ISM license-free zones to facilitate
       | experimentation and development, not shrink them even more.
       | 902-925 is not ISM in Europe and it sucks. Don't let them take it
       | from you over in the US!
        
         | PaulHoule wrote:
         | What I notice when I travel with a scanner is that the US West
         | Coast and East Coast are entirely different in terms of radio,
         | that includes not just inland areas but also the area around
         | New York City.
         | 
         | The 2 meter band for instance is back to back busy with people
         | speaking English, Spanish and other languages in L.A. but if I
         | scan for a while in NYC I'll eventually hear two people talking
         | on a repeater.
         | 
         | So far as I can tell startups in the Bay Area try to develop
         | 900 MHz devices and come to the conclusion that the band is too
         | crowded because every Stanford student and his uncle is testing
         | some gadget they made. If somebody tried that in the Research
         | Triangle Park area, however, they'd probably wonder if their
         | receiver was dead.
         | 
         | So more products dogpile in the 2.4G band which is crowded
         | everywhere.
         | 
         | The situation is at the most blatant where it seems the
         | utilization of TV channels is much less than 10% on the East
         | coat because our cities are too spread out for it to be easy to
         | cover people but are too close together to be able to reuse
         | frequencies. Thus you can get more channels than some cable
         | plans with just a pair of rabbit ears in LA but it is not like
         | that in NYC where reflections are so bad in the canyons I
         | wouldn't count in tuning into anything in Manhattan.
        
           | p_l wrote:
           | 2.4G is also the archetypical ISM because USA lobbied ITU-T
           | to make it international garbage band precisely to allow
           | airplanes to use microwaves.
           | 
           | So it's garbage band that works pretty much everywhere.
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | I just don't understand how the FCC can justify just giving away
       | spectrum forever to the first person to ask.
       | 
       | They should instead hold an auction every decade for every bit of
       | commercial spectrum. Winner can use it for 10 yrs. Stagger the
       | auctions so a new chunk in each band is coming up for auction
       | every month.
       | 
       |  _Nothing_ should be given away forever. Not even the 2.4 Ghz
       | wifi band. One day there will be a better use for that band, and
       | one bloke running his 50 year old wifi camera shouldn 't be able
       | to shut down the new use for a whole city block.
        
         | epanchin wrote:
         | So all the tech you bought fails when the company doesn't
         | renew? Although uk works on auctions and they work.
         | 
         | Perhaps combine with restrictions on use - if you don't use the
         | spectrum, or use more than you need, it gets taken away
        
           | londons_explore wrote:
           | nearly all wireless devices in your home use unlicensed
           | spectrum (2.4 Ghz wifi, bluetooth, ISM for car remotes, etc).
           | 
           | Licensed spectrum is nearly always used by subscription
           | services - eg. your cell phone service.
        
             | 0xffff2 wrote:
             | > Nothing should be given away forever. Not even the 2.4
             | Ghz wifi band
             | 
             | Given this line, how exactly is this response a defense of
             | your original comment?
        
         | mikewarot wrote:
         | >I just don't understand how the FCC can justify just giving
         | away spectrum forever to the first person to ask.
         | 
         | Strong agree, which is why they've traditionally licensed
         | transmitters at specific sites. The coordination of use of a
         | limited resource is the proper role of the FCC.
         | 
         | >They should instead hold an auction...
         | 
         | Strong disagree. Any auction is a tax, that gets increased and
         | passed along to users. The whole idea of making a "profit" from
         | the airwaves is a premature (and evil) optimization.
         | 
         | Part of a broadcast license should be expanded to include
         | operating a timing and navigation beacon, supplied and
         | maintained by the government, which transmits precision timing
         | (via local atomic clock(s)) and thus can be coordinated with
         | others to measure position. _This should also apply to all cell
         | sites_.
         | 
         | Also, the shutdown of ground based navaids by the FAA should be
         | reversed as much as possible. Full ground coverage in the event
         | of a GPS loss should be maintained.
        
       | lfmunoz4 wrote:
       | highly recommend people read Master Switch by tim wu. In part
       | talks about how the FCC in the past has destroyed competition and
       | progress.
        
       | dpe82 wrote:
       | Just a reminder, this is a request from the agency for comments
       | from the public. That means you. If you are opposed to the
       | proposal then make your feelings heard by submitting them at
       | https://www.fcc.gov/ecfs/filings using proceeding/docket #
       | 24-240.
        
       | heywire wrote:
       | I would have to imagine the manufacturers of the millions of
       | smart electric, water, and natural gas meters across the US might
       | have some comments.
        
       | hiddencost wrote:
       | Is this going to mess up LORA at 915 MHz? Because a lot of people
       | I know will be upset.
        
         | hiddencost wrote:
         | "NextNav's Petition for Rulemaking. NextNav asks that the
         | Commission reconfigure the Lower 900 MHz Band by creating a
         | 5-megahertz uplink in the 902-907 MHz band paired with a
         | 10-megahertz downlink in the 918-928 MHz band, shifting all the
         | remaining non-M-LMS licensees to the 907-918 MHz portion of the
         | band. Petition at 28-30."
         | 
         | This suggests they'd leave 915 alone?
        
           | bb88 wrote:
           | 902-928 MHz IS the 915Mhz ISM Band currently.
           | 
           | They're requesting more than half of that space.
        
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       (page generated 2024-08-12 23:00 UTC)