[HN Gopher] Butterflies accumulate static electricity to attract...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Butterflies accumulate static electricity to attract pollen without
       contact
        
       Author : thunderbong
       Score  : 163 points
       Date   : 2024-07-30 09:32 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bristol.ac.uk)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bristol.ac.uk)
        
       | lkuty wrote:
       | Read an article posted on HN were they said it is static
       | electricity that allows ticks to "jump" onto their host. Looks
       | like it is used by a insects in various ways.
        
         | debacle wrote:
         | Not sure if I agree with that. Maybe nymphs? Adult ticks use
         | their legs like velcro and make swimming motions in the air
         | when they detect prey. How they detect prey has always
         | interested me - it really gets them dancing.
        
           | Noumenon72 wrote:
           | Here's the article -- it perhaps just increases the range of
           | the ticks beyond what their legs can reach, since they can't
           | jump. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36539253
        
       | hatsuseno wrote:
       | I'm not sure what kind of discussion could be had about the
       | subject, but I just want to add: this is so cool.
        
         | tocs3 wrote:
         | To start a discussion:
         | 
         | "This means that they don't even need to touch flowers in order
         | to pollinate them,"
         | 
         | So, the butterflies build up the charge as the fly around. Then
         | they get near a flower and the pollen flies up and sticks to
         | the butterfly. How does this pollinate other flowers? The
         | pollen is stuck to the butterfly and not the flowers. Also, it
         | seams it would mostly stick to the wings.
         | 
         | Just curios. It is a pretty amazing world around us.
        
           | _Microft wrote:
           | From the paper[0] itself:
           | 
           | ,,This pollen can then be deposited on subsequently visited
           | flowers, either by direct contact, or similarly through
           | electrostatic attraction, because the pollen can equalize to
           | the potential of the pollinator, and will then experience an
           | attractive force towards the electric field of the flower.
           | Experimental evidence demonstrates this bidirectional
           | electrostatic pollen transfer."
           | 
           | [0] https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsif.2024.
           | 015...
        
             | fao_ wrote:
             | Ahh, another case of "people on hacker news should read the
             | article", I see! :)
             | 
             | (i am guilty of this too lol)
        
               | tocs3 wrote:
               | The article did not have that line and I was curious. I
               | claim innocence:)
               | 
               | Now, though, I am interested in the electrostatic
               | properties of the flowers.
        
           | rflrob wrote:
           | I always hesitate to ascribe motives to non-human animals,
           | but the butterfly shouldn't particularly "care" whether the
           | pollen gets from its body back to a plant. If the butterfly
           | is eating the pollen, then maybe there's an advantage to
           | hoovering up more just by getting close, but that doesn't
           | mean it wants to give any pollen back to other plants.
           | 
           | On the other hand, if the butterfly is eating the nectar and
           | the pollination is an ancillary effect, then you have to
           | start invoking more complicated mechanisms. Maybe successful
           | pollination of the plants increases the food supply later?
           | Maybe the flowers are not neutrally charged, but instead
           | become oppositely charged when the pollen is ready to bias
           | pollinators to come close at appropriate times? You can
           | always construct some just-so story that fits the observed
           | evidence, but where it becomes science is when you make
           | predictions and test them.
        
             | adrian_b wrote:
             | The butterflies are adults that do not need to grow, they
             | just need energy, so they normally eat only nectar. They
             | have a mouth adapted for sucking liquids, which could not
             | be used to eat solid food, like pollen.
             | 
             | On the other hand, the bees collect both nectar and pollen.
             | Nectar to provide energy for themselves (which they
             | dehydrate into honey, which can be stored for a long time,
             | unlike fresh nectar), and pollen, which is rich in
             | proteins, to feed their larvae, which need to grow into
             | adults.
        
             | adolph wrote:
             | I'm reading "The Light Eaters" which takes a broad look at
             | plant behavior. It would not surprise me if the premise is
             | inverted, that plants selected for electrostatically
             | charged butterflies by selectively changing nectar
             | availability.
        
         | stevenwoo wrote:
         | This book gets recommended a lot here but in case you missed
         | it, An Immense World (2022) by Ed Yong contains a ton of
         | examples of animals sensing the world differently than we do -
         | including electrical sensors and different frame rates of
         | acquisition. He doesn't address it but it calls into question
         | in my mind many of the studies about consciousness in other
         | animals that deny its existence, like the mirror test.
        
       | taneq wrote:
       | This reminds me of the recent(ish) discovery that flowers
       | generate electrostatic fields that bees can sense and use to
       | navigate to the flowers.
       | 
       | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5599473/
        
       | lawlessone wrote:
       | It appears ballooning spiders also use static to help them become
       | airborne https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballooning_(spider)
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | Every time I come across a well made spider web, I always
         | wonder how it started. How did the spider start here with the
         | first thread and make it all the way to there? What's the algo
         | the spider uses that determines the distances are not too far,
         | or too far, or too small. Spider webs are impressive on so many
         | levels.
        
           | hammock wrote:
           | Survivor bias
        
           | lm28469 wrote:
           | One day after getting out of my car I let the door open for
           | some reason, I came back to it maybe 15 seconds later and a
           | spider had placed a thread between the far side of the open
           | door and the roof of the car (a bit less than a meter long I
           | guess), I watched it do the round trip a few times wondering
           | how the hell did it do the first pass.
        
             | PhilipRoman wrote:
             | Usually they rely on wind to get the first thread across
             | great distances. I often run into unfinished webs
             | consisting of a single thread.
        
       | kstenerud wrote:
       | The first thought that pops into my head is butterflies with
       | these tiny woolen socks...
        
       | nanomonkey wrote:
       | Similarly, female trees are charged to attract pollen to them. In
       | most cities (in the US) trees planted on streets aren't allowed
       | to be fruiting (because of rats?). Most fruitless/litterless
       | trees are just the Dioecious male variety. This causes air
       | quality issues as there is an over abundance of pollen in the
       | air, which causes allergies and increased respiratory problems.
        
         | pfdietz wrote:
         | This suggests installation of electrostatic air cleaners,
         | perhaps solar powered.
        
           | HPsquared wrote:
           | Or fake plastic trees.
        
             | surfingdino wrote:
             | Or planting more female trees and hiring cats to hunt rats?
        
               | kurthr wrote:
               | "I don't know why she swallowed a fly"
        
               | ozim wrote:
               | What do we do with cats? They breed too much as well.
        
               | surfingdino wrote:
               | Introduce a natural predator?
        
               | willcipriano wrote:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LuiK7jcC1fY
        
               | aziaziazi wrote:
               | To much cats already, they hunt the birds that used to
               | hunt mosquitos. Suburb tragedy.
        
               | SkiFire13 wrote:
               | Then genetically modify the mosquitos to prevent them
               | from reproducing.
        
               | wdh505 wrote:
               | Evolution selects against this. You would have to release
               | millions on a regular basis to consistently fight the
               | "biological fitness" of self reproduction
        
               | dennis_jeeves2 wrote:
               | Are they paid minimum wages? Is there diversity?
        
             | isoprophlex wrote:
             | She looks like the real thing
             | 
             | She tastes like the real thing
             | 
             | My fake plastic love
        
           | lm28469 wrote:
           | Infinitely complex solutions to self inflicted and completely
           | trivial issues, humans are amazing!
        
             | noah_buddy wrote:
             | I think you may have missed the subtle joke in:
             | 
             | > electrostatic air cleaners, perhaps solar powered
             | 
             | AKA trees.
        
               | pfdietz wrote:
               | >.>
        
             | loceng wrote:
             | If only it wasn't impossible to design cities for streets
             | to maintain tree cover to help air stay cooler near ground
             | level, etc..
        
         | barrenko wrote:
         | Something something dog pee excerbates the number of male
         | trees, also a HN fact.
        
       | kazinator wrote:
       | Static electricity was here long before life, so this is just
       | something that the creatures evolved around.
       | 
       | In related news, things are using capillary action to draw up
       | water! Amazing!
        
       | andai wrote:
       | I can relate to the butterfly. Growing up I played a game where
       | you had a dragonfly buddy who helped you collect many small gems.
       | If your health got low you had to collect them manually which was
       | a pain.
        
         | fennecbutt wrote:
         | Spyro the dragon
        
       | bdjsiqoocwk wrote:
       | Does anyone understand the microscopic mechanism by which "flying
       | through the air" lead to accumulating static electricity?
        
         | burkaman wrote:
         | > Any electrically insulated object, including an animal, is
         | likely to accumulate charge as it moves through its
         | environment, via a mechanism known as triboelectrification, or
         | the triboelectric effect. The triboelectric effect describes
         | the phenomenon wherein the separation of two materials formerly
         | in contact with each other results in an anti-symmetrical
         | deposition of charge on their surfaces. Whilst this effect is
         | usually small, with repetition such as when rubbing two
         | materials against each other, significant differences in charge
         | can be created. The same principle applies to animals walking
         | across and brushing past objects in their environment,
         | including friction with the air when in flight.
         | 
         | - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/brv.12804 (cited
         | in the paper this post is about)
         | 
         | From another citation:
         | 
         | > The mechanism by which bees gain their charge, however, is
         | not well understood.
         | 
         | -
         | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00359-017-1176-6#...
         | 
         | Apparently this happens to planes and helicopters too
         | (https://www.aopa.org/news-and-media/all-
         | news/2019/november/f...).
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-07-30 23:00 UTC)