[HN Gopher] Humans 1, Chimps 0: Correcting the Record
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       Humans 1, Chimps 0: Correcting the Record
        
       Author : amadeuspagel
       Score  : 106 points
       Date   : 2024-07-24 23:22 UTC (23 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.jasoncollins.blog)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.jasoncollins.blog)
        
       | jojobas wrote:
       | Can't express how relieved I am that I am tentatively not
       | inferior to a chimpanzee.
        
         | myrmidon wrote:
         | Would it really have been so bad to be inferior at such a
         | specific task?
         | 
         | Great apes are hard for humans to match in e.g. upper body
         | strength, so we are not strictly superior anyway...
         | 
         | I strongly believe that human intellectual superiority will
         | come to an end within a lifetime, will be quite interesting to
         | see how our species deals with it (to be clear: talking about
         | AI there, not apes :P).
        
           | 7thaccount wrote:
           | You mean how AI will deal with it. We might not have much say
           | against something significantly smarter than us.
        
         | KineticLensman wrote:
         | In one-on-one hand-to-hand combat, an adult male chimp can
         | savagely defeat a baseline human.
        
           | a-french-anon wrote:
           | It might be more because of what the baseline (both physical
           | and mental) has become, though.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | But humans would not get involved in one on one hand to hand
           | combat with a chimp. We would avoid combat, or use tools
           | (likely a gun)
        
             | KineticLensman wrote:
             | Having volunteered at an ape rescue centre, I've heard some
             | horrific stories about what happens when a chimp fights a
             | person. Example scenarios include people who keep chimps as
             | pets and zoo keepers who don't close a door correctly.
             | Example injuries to the humans include fingers and other
             | parts being bitten off, or being blinded. A worst case
             | scenario for a zoo involves a group of chimps getting out
             | and then getting frightened, and fighting.
             | 
             | Of course a gun will solve this problem, hence my comment
             | about 'baseline'. Perhaps I should have said 'unaugmented'.
        
               | jojobas wrote:
               | They are pretty horrible to each other at times too. More
               | or less illustrates the somewhat Hobbesian idea of
               | continual reduction of violence since probably the last
               | common ancestor to today.
        
               | keybored wrote:
               | Right-wingers compare human nature to chimps; left-
               | wingers to bonobos.
               | 
               | What does that tell us about humans? Nothing.
        
               | dhosek wrote:
               | What I find fascinating is the bifurcation of R-rated
               | behaviors between chimps (violence) and bonobos (sex). I
               | read somewhere about a similar bifurcation in species of
               | dolphins or porpoises where there were was one species
               | which would exhibit high levels of violence and another
               | which was all about the sexy fun time, but that was 30
               | years ago or so I read it and I have little hope of ever
               | recovering that information (assuming it's even true,
               | which is not guaranteed for popular science reporting).
        
               | dhosek wrote:
               | Monkey bite your face off.
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | Part of that is most humans' ingrained resistance against
               | being murderously vicious. It's easy to gouge eyes out,
               | but it's hard for most people to actually do it.
        
               | HarHarVeryFunny wrote:
               | A chimp pulled someone's foot off in one incident - they
               | are brutally strong.
        
           | tetris11 wrote:
           | Yes but in one-on-one hand-to-hand tango, I think there'd be
           | an even match
        
           | jojobas wrote:
           | Well I mean at least intellectually.
        
       | FrustratedMonky wrote:
       | Thank You. It is easy to miss these follow up studies.
        
       | zarzavat wrote:
       | This isn't surprising to anyone who has seen videos of "flash
       | anzan". The numbers flash up on the screen and you have to add
       | them up:
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/7ktpme4xcoQ
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/_vGMsVirYKs
        
       | bitslayer wrote:
       | "with even very moderate practice, humans can match Ayumu's
       | performance."
       | 
       | The article is misnamed, the actual score is 1 to 1.
        
         | light_hue_1 wrote:
         | It's not. Because the chimp got an immense amount of practice.
         | Humans would beat it at this rate.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | No, it is clear that cheating was involved in getting the
         | Chimps to a score of 1, and thus I refuse to give them that
         | score. (the Chimps didn't cheat, but there was still cheating)
        
         | NeoTar wrote:
         | From the article:
         | 
         | > Cook and Wilson (2010b) subsequently trained two university
         | students to a level superior to the chimpanzee.
         | 
         | Sounds like humans do in fact win.
        
         | echoangle wrote:
         | You think human performance would plateau after moderate
         | practice? Because otherwise, humans would surely win with the
         | same practice as the chimp.
        
       | dommus wrote:
       | The chimp got extensive training because he did not attend
       | school.
       | 
       | The humans had more than 20 years of training, going through
       | mandatory education and then college.
       | 
       | It is not a competition between species. It's a competition
       | between quality training on the one hand and on the other, the
       | notion that some species are somehow born with skills.
        
         | GTP wrote:
         | No, here the point is training _on that specific task_. E. g.
         | the literature classes you took during your education will be
         | irrelevant for such a task.
        
       | lmpdev wrote:
       | Despite the correction, I still expect to see (perhaps only
       | slight or niche) skills _with their corresponding mental
       | attributes_ which great apes and extinct hominids possess(ed)
       | which outweigh our own
       | 
       | An example which springs to mind is the _utterly absurd_ physical
       | traits and likely corresponding hand-eye coordination Homo naledi
       | possessed in order to perform their burial rituals
       | 
       | It took world-class climbers risking their lives to even reach
       | the burial chamber, let alone do it repeatedly without modern
       | climbing gear or even light
       | 
       | Despite their size and build being advantageous, I do not see how
       | their mental attributes wouldn't be more conducive to related
       | skills than even trained (but tool-less) Homo sapiens
       | 
       | Source: https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/news/2023/june/claims-
       | homo-na...
        
         | QuesnayJr wrote:
         | Even the evidence about homo naledi possibly needs correction.
         | Here's a recent preprint that argues that the evidence that
         | homo naledi buried their dead is not there:
         | https://paleoanthropology.org/ojs/index.php/paleo/libraryFil...
        
           | HarHarVeryFunny wrote:
           | One thing that seems certain though is that Homo Naledi was
           | there way deep in the cave, which is saying a lot in of
           | itself.
        
         | griffzhowl wrote:
         | See also this paper by one of the foremost researchers in the
         | field and colleagues for how Berger and his team haven't been
         | rigorous with their methodology with Homo naledi
         | 
         | "No scientific evidence that Homo naledi buried their dead and
         | produced rock art"
         | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S00472...
        
         | jerf wrote:
         | One possible resolution: _homo sapiens_ really is physically
         | weak. We route a _lot_ of energy into our brains. Our strongest
         | body builders, probably augmented with chemicals, still don 't
         | reach what a normal gorilla does. A _homo_ non- _sapiens_ who
         | isn 't routing quite as much energy to their brain and is
         | another 50% stronger than _homo sapiens_ climbers may not find
         | the climb so challenging. (I would expect climbing strength to
         | non-linearly improve climbing skill; once you rise to  "I can
         | just barely lift myself" you'll get rapid climbing improvements
         | as you incrementally improve past that, a sudden takeoff in the
         | strength versus climbing skill chart.)
         | 
         | Humans have a lot of advantages; obviously our high-quality
         | brains, fantastic eye sight, wonderful hands, etc. but I would
         | argue that the fact we are physically weak, in the literal
         | "strength" sense of that, even when we do exercise and
         | strengthen to our very limits, is perhaps our biggest
         | disadvantage compared to the rest of the animal kingdom.
         | 
         | (So, it isn't just a science fiction trope that there's a lot
         | of things stronger than us. However, if the Klingons and the
         | Vulcans and pretty much every other alien species in Star Trek
         | can outwrestle a human, one does sometimes wonder how they can
         | do that but also still have human, or slightly better than
         | human, intelligence. Perhaps arguably the Vulcans should be a
         | little weaker yet.)
        
           | luma wrote:
           | Define "physically weak". Chimpanzees are certainly better
           | climbers, but we can run for hours on end, far longer and
           | further than any other land animal. Not all physical strength
           | is just lifting heavy things.
        
             | jerf wrote:
             | Physically weak, as in, what people expect when people say
             | physically weak. We do not have good strength. We do, or at
             | least can, as you say, have best-in-class _endurance_ , but
             | that's endurance, not strength.
        
               | autokad wrote:
               | I get your point, but I also still think you are wrong.
               | there is no one measure for 'strength'.
               | 
               | humans can throw a punch much harder than a chimp even
               | though a chimp's arm is stronger. humans can kick harder,
               | etc, even though a chimp would usually tear a person up
               | in a 'fight'.
               | 
               | humans can throw a ball faster and harder than any other
               | primate, likewise we can swing a stick harder and with
               | more precision.
               | 
               | some people will play down human skills saying, 'thats
               | because they are trained and specialized, the average
               | human cant do that'.
               | 
               | THATS LITERALLY OUR SPECIAL ABILITY. Humans are adaptable
               | both physically and mentally to do virtually any task.
               | adaptability means we aren't inherently good at any one
               | of those tasks without training and practice. Its a
               | feature, not a bug.
        
             | pixl97 wrote:
             | I mean a chimp the same size as you would rip your arms off
             | and beat you to a pink mist with them and barely break a
             | sweat. Endurance is typically not counted as a strength
             | Stat, but on its own metric.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | The difference isn't quite that extreme. Pound per pound
               | "chimpanzee muscle exceeds human muscle in maximum
               | dynamic force and power output by ~1.35 times" they are
               | strong largely because they are extremely muscular not
               | simply stronger on a pound per pound basis.
               | 
               | However, there's inherent strength vs endurance tradeoffs
               | involved. Space taken up by mitochondria is in direct
               | competition with the cellular machinery that turns ATP
               | into motion. Similarly, increased capillary density can
               | supply more nutrients and oxygen, but again displaces
               | more directly useful muscle tissue.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | I think there is more to it than just the muscle pull
               | force. My understanding is that the chimpanzee muscle
               | skeleton system is configured for much greater leverage
               | for many motions and this is a much larger Factor.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Leverage is another trade-off. Humans are well adapted to
               | throwing a baseball sized rock, spear, or javelin much
               | farther than a gorilla can, but a gorilla can throw a
               | 200kg stone farther.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | Maybe that's the same as what I'm saying but it strikes
               | me differently. As I understand it, the trade-off is
               | between range and diversity of motions versus strength in
               | one specific set of circumstances.
               | 
               | The further your muscle Anchor Point is from the pivot,
               | the greater the mechanical lever. For example, the human
               | bicep anchors only inch or two from our elbow pivot. You
               | could anchor twice as far and double the resulting Force,
               | and in fact many animals do exactly that.
               | 
               | It's hard for me to imagine the comparative kinematics in
               | your example, but I would think throwing a baseball and a
               | heavier Rock would go through essentially the same
               | motion. Attempt might be far better at an overhand throw
               | than a human, but a temp might be simply incapable of
               | performing an underhanded or side pitch
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | > range and diversity of motion versus strength
               | 
               | Not what I'm talking about.
               | 
               | > You could anchor twice as far and double the resulting
               | force > throwing a baseball and a heavier Rock would go
               | through the same range of motion
               | 
               | I think you're missing a key detail here. Muscles can
               | only contract at a finite percentage of their total
               | length per given unit of time even with near zero load.
               | This is mostly irrelevant when lifting something, but
               | means very fast motions want the anchor point near the
               | point of rotation. People are really quite extraordinary
               | in how far the can throw light objects but it's a real
               | tradeoff.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | I see, thanks for clarifying
        
           | JohnMakin wrote:
           | Homo did not need to evolve to be strong when the prevailing
           | theory is that we used our long distance running ability to
           | chase and kill by exhausting large prey - strength is
           | irrelevant to that kind of predator. It makes sense evolution
           | did not select for this trait with homo, because there's been
           | no selective pressure for it and the species has been
           | extremely successful without it.
        
             | jerf wrote:
             | This isn't an attack on humans. It's only to be expected
             | that given all the other stat maxing we've done we need a
             | dump stat somewhere, to borrow gaming terminology. Our list
             | of attributes that is either simply the best, or very
             | competitive, is quite absurdly long.
        
               | keybored wrote:
               | You say that humans are weak in terms of physical
               | attributes[1] and then ignore the substance of the
               | argument when someone replies and points out that humans
               | are the _best_ animal at long-distance running. Which is
               | not a fitness attribute that anyone serious disregards...
               | any _human_ that is, to be fair.
               | 
               | [1] But you have the "literal strenght" narrow fallback
               | though.
        
             | dghlsakjg wrote:
             | Persistence hunting as a major driver of human evolution,
             | or a common mode of hunting, is a theory that has caught
             | the popular imagination, but has precious little actual
             | evidence behind it, sadly. Most of the pop culture articles
             | cite a list of facts, that are not true (Humans are
             | uniquely efficient, humans are some of the only animals
             | that sweat to cool themselves, only humans can travel long
             | distances at a moderate pace). While persistence hunting is
             | possible, modern experiments have shown that it has an
             | incredibly low success rate, especially considering the
             | level of effort necessary.
             | 
             | https://afan.ottenheimer.com/articles/myth_of_persistent_hu
             | n...
             | 
             | https://undark.org/2019/10/03/persistent-myth-persistence-
             | hu...
        
               | JohnMakin wrote:
               | "debunked" is a rather strong word to use here since it's
               | a theory that's inherently untestable - the reality being
               | that humans likely used a variety of hunting methods, and
               | since that's one that could have been used, it's likely
               | it was used.
        
               | dghlsakjg wrote:
               | I never said debunked(?)
               | 
               | It is untestable, sure, but some of the main arguments in
               | the proposed theory are based on untruths, and none of
               | the evidence that we would expect to have found to
               | support it being widespread has been found yet. We have
               | found plenty of evidence pointing to humans using other
               | hunting strategies, so it seems odd that there is no
               | evidence pointing to persistence hunting and that the
               | strategy that we evolved so many traits for would have
               | died out in all but one or two remaining primitive
               | cultures.
               | 
               | Simply put, a group of humans gambling 10s of thousands
               | of calories each in order to possibly capture a single
               | large animal miles away from the rest of the tribe is an
               | absolutely horrendous survival strategy.
        
               | svieira wrote:
               | Funnily enough, when you put people _into_ primitive
               | situations it is one of the techniques that they adopt
               | when they can 't make better things work:
               | 
               | > Lacking guns and even bows, they could hunt only by
               | digging traps or pursuing prey across the mountains until
               | the animals collapsed from exhaustion. Dmitry built up
               | astonishing endurance, and could hunt barefoot in winter,
               | sometimes returning to the hut after several days, having
               | slept in the open in 40 degrees of frost, a young elk
               | across his shoulders.
               | 
               | https://theweek.com/articles/468207/russian-family-that-
               | live...
               | 
               | and
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lykov_family
        
               | dghlsakjg wrote:
               | Again, I'm not saying that humans can't persistence hunt.
               | 
               | I'm saying that there is not a lot of evidence of it
               | being widespread, or that it was a driver of human
               | anatomy in evolution.
               | 
               | The theory is based on a handful of papers, some with
               | major bad assumptions, and a few anecdotes. The arguments
               | against it being widespread or common are just as strong
               | or stronger than the arguments for.
               | 
               | My objection is just that the Outdoor magazine and Joe
               | Rogan set like to cite it as if it is more or less
               | settled.
        
             | abfan1127 wrote:
             | In the book, Sapiens, they talk about how, while important,
             | homo sapiens ability to socially coordinate allowed the
             | species to hunt, protect from/attack neighboring homo
             | species (i.e. Neanderthals). Our brains gave us the ability
             | to coordinate large groups (social groups, hunting groups)
             | without the restriction of instinct giving our group
             | members to pivot as necessary.
        
           | thaumasiotes wrote:
           | > One possible resolution: homo sapiens really is physically
           | weak. We route a _lot_ of energy into our brains.
           | 
           | Humans are weak, but that's not because we're using the
           | energy elsewhere. We have comparable muscle mass to
           | chimpanzees. We don't have comparable strength; our anatomy
           | is what makes us weak, not a diversion of energy to other
           | purposes.
        
             | Detrytus wrote:
             | It's about fast-twitch vs slow-twitch kinds of muscle
             | fibers: the former are good for strength, the latter for
             | endurance. We evolved to be distance runners, so our muscle
             | composition changed, decreasing our strength.
        
             | pixl97 wrote:
             | Chimps use something like 25% less calories than a human,
             | so yes strength and energy usage are not strongly coupled.
             | What makes humans weaker is less fast twitch muscle, and
             | this gives us finer motor control.
        
           | lupire wrote:
           | Nitpick: body builders are not the best
           | weightlifters/strongmen. Body builders focus on aesthetic
           | sculpting and cutting fat, not maximizing strength.
        
           | Dalewyn wrote:
           | >perhaps our biggest disadvantage compared to the rest of the
           | animal kingdom.
           | 
           | I agree our physical inferiority is a big disadvantage, but I
           | would say _the biggest_ one is by far how much time is
           | required to raise children.
           | 
           | Homo sapiens generally need anywhere from _10 to 30 years_ to
           | reach proper adulthood, depending on social norms of the
           | people concerned.
           | 
           | Contrast most animals who are done raising their young in
           | _months_ if not _weeks_ , sometimes even _days_.
        
         | unaindz wrote:
         | Chimps destroy us at the number memory test. Maybe it's just
         | with that specific test but it suggests they have a larger
         | working memory and probably faster visual/pattern processing
         | than us.
        
           | lupire wrote:
           | Is their evidence for that claim?
        
       | franciscop wrote:
       | On favour of humans, people have usually seen the numbers
       | thousands to millions of times in their lifetimes, while chimps
       | would have seen them few dozens of times at best. So "training
       | the same time" for humans and chimps is def misleading, would
       | love to see this with an abstract or uncommon characters like
       | Japanese (for a Western audience).
        
         | autokad wrote:
         | that would not matter much at all. I can learn a foreign
         | language numbers in a matter of minutes.
        
           | murukesh_s wrote:
           | That is because you have basic understanding of numbers.
           | Tribes may not have that.
        
           | franciscop wrote:
           | Me too, but I still find 4,6,8 a lot easier to read than Si
           | ,Liu ,Ba
        
             | anon24526742 wrote:
             | Si ,Liu ,Ba  is "four, six, eight" in English. These are
             | the _names_ of the numbers, not the numbers themselves. In
             | Japanese they write the numbers the same as in English (
             | "4, 6, 8")
        
             | jvandreae wrote:
             | Compare also:
             | 
             | Yi  / 1 (one stroke vs three)
             | 
             | Shi  / 10 (two strokes vs four)
             | 
             | Mo  / 10,000 (three strokes vs seven)
        
         | murukesh_s wrote:
         | >two university students to a level superior to the chimpanzee
         | 
         | yea, and university students? would have been fair comparison
         | if they tried to train members from some tribe who haven't been
         | exposed to schooling,.
        
           | bryanrasmussen wrote:
           | wait, were these students from an Ivy or Not?
        
       | aatd86 wrote:
       | Lies! Utter lies! Chimp supremacy. Caesar superior. What a
       | wonderful dayyy!!!
        
       | lupire wrote:
       | Back in the day, there were lots of websites where you could play
       | the game.
       | 
       | You can improve your performance at this game by playing in
       | extremely high contrast, so you can use the retinal afterimage to
       | give you more time to study the numbers. Similar to how that
       | "LSD" video requires you reconstruct persistence of visionsl
       | while watching a too-slow animation of light painting.
       | 
       | Such a weird case, since any human could directly objectively
       | test the claim on their own.
       | 
       | https://www.novelgames.com/en/ayumu/
        
       | hiddencost wrote:
       | Love to see memes with retraction notices.
        
       | breck wrote:
       | The period of "closed science", which really took on steam after
       | the extensions of copyright in 1976 and 1998, will be look backed
       | upon as rampant with dishonesty and corruption.
       | 
       | If you are in academia and you are not publishing your stuff to
       | the public domain, including your git repo, please take some time
       | to think about this and do what you need to do to pivot.
        
       | trimethylpurine wrote:
       | To make any unbiased claim, we'd need results from chimps who've
       | captured live humans. Short of that, I'm fairly certain it was
       | always Humans 1, Chimps 0.
        
       | Joel_Mckay wrote:
       | I wonder if chimps understand where they are headed after the
       | tests. i.e. the nice room were they play games for treats, or the
       | other room where they get injected with various concoctions for
       | unfathomable reasons.
       | 
       | I think humans tend to naively apply our own constructs to
       | describe what we think defines intelligence, but this habit does
       | not necessarily generalize onto other species. As an aside, for
       | similar reasons I'd wager generalized AI will be a surprise event
       | rather than an incremental discovery.
       | 
       | Recent studies described Goldfish that can remember certain types
       | of problems beyond a year later. Far beyond what anyone assumed
       | possible for such a simple creature.
       | 
       | Some people are unique, as I met one lady that could remember 93
       | non-sequential digits. While she was not successful academically,
       | it would be unwise to play card games with that person for money.
       | =)
       | 
       | Primates belong in their own habitats, and should be left alone
       | unless people have a well defined _necessary_reason_ to exploit
       | them as subjects.
       | 
       | Have a great day, =3
        
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