[HN Gopher] CrowdStrike Update: Windows Bluescreen and Boot Loops
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       CrowdStrike Update: Windows Bluescreen and Boot Loops
        
       My workplace has a number of people reporting Windows blue-
       screening and going into a boot loop. The IT Department have a
       number of servers recently gone offline and have said there's a
       chance that the two issues are related, and potentially due to a
       Crowd Strike application update.  My laptop blue-screened and
       rebooted, but is working fine after the reboot.  A local radio
       station has also said they've got the same issues with their
       laptops and their phone system is down as a result.  Not seeing
       anything on news sites yet. Anyone else seeing similar?  Above is
       all based in Australia.
        
       Author : BLKNSLVR
       Score  : 4385 points
       Date   : 2024-07-19 05:26 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (old.reddit.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (old.reddit.com)
        
       | sammy2255 wrote:
       | Yep happened to us too. Its global. And it just started
       | happening.
        
         | VargaLand wrote:
         | Same in Adelaide. Reports coming in from Gov agencies,
         | utilities etc.
        
       | scriptsmith wrote:
       | It's crowdstrike:
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/crowdstrike/comments/1e6vmkf/bsod_e...
       | 
       | > 7/18/24 10:20PT - Hello everyone - We have widespread reports
       | of BSODs on windows hosts, occurring on multiple sensor versions.
       | Investigating cause. TA will be published shortly. Pinned thread.
       | 
       | > SCOPE: EU-1, US-1, US-2 and US-GOV-1
       | 
       | > Edit 10:36PT - TA posted:
       | https://supportportal.crowdstrike.com/s/article/Tech-Alert-W...
       | 
       | > Edit 11:27 PM PT:
       | 
       | > Workaround Steps:
       | 
       | > Boot Windows into Safe Mode or the Windows Recovery Environment
       | 
       | > Navigate to the C:\Windows\System32\drivers\CrowdStrike
       | directory
       | 
       | > Locate the file matching "C-00000291*.sys", and delete it.
       | 
       | > Boot the host normally.
        
         | ineptech wrote:
         | Can you post a summary? We're affected but I don't have access
         | to that portal.
        
           | scriptsmith wrote:
           | Someone posted this in the thread, but I also can't log in to
           | verify
           | 
           | > Summary
           | 
           | > CrowdStrike is aware of reports of crashes on Windows hosts
           | related to the Falcon Sensor.
           | 
           | > Details
           | 
           | > Symptoms include hosts experiencing a bugcheck\blue screen
           | error related to the Falcon Sensor.
           | 
           | > Current Action
           | 
           | > Our Engineering teams are actively working to resolve this
           | issue and there is no need to open a support ticket.
           | 
           | > Status updates will be posted below as we have more
           | information to share, including when the issue is resolved.
           | 
           | > Latest Updates
           | 
           | > 2024-07-19 05:30 AM UTC | Tech Alert Published.
           | 
           | > Support
           | 
           | > Find answers and contact Support with our Support Portal
        
           | nofinator wrote:
           | They've bumped this support info to a blog post that's linked
           | from their home page:
           | https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/statement-on-falcon-
           | content...
           | 
           | It includes PDFs of some relevant support pages that someone
           | printed with their browser 5 hours ago. That's probably the
           | right thing to do in such a situation to get this kind of
           | info publicly available ASAP, but still, oof. Looks like lots
           | of people in the Reddit thread had trouble accessing the
           | support info behind the login screen.
        
             | unixhero wrote:
             | "Start your free trial now." Hahahahah you have got to ne
             | kidding me :)
        
         | Neil44 wrote:
         | Right after you enter the bit locker recovery key.
         | 
         | You do have your bit locker recovery key, right? .....right?
        
           | tamimio wrote:
           | I doubt most of the clients who use CS know what BitLocker
           | is, let alone how to back it up, assuming it wasn't backed up
           | automatically by Windows.
        
             | Fire-Dragon-DoL wrote:
             | Doesn't that get backed up automatically to the Microsoft
             | account?
        
               | dist-epoch wrote:
               | That's opt-in.
               | 
               | In Enterprise setups the key should be backed somewhere
               | in Active Directory.
        
               | mrhhaacckk wrote:
               | Yes you should be able to pull it from your domain
               | controllers. Unless they're also down, which they're
               | likely to be seeing as Tier 0 assets are most likely to
               | have crowdstrike on them. So you're now in a catch 22.
        
               | mavhc wrote:
               | Log into hypervisor, rollback VM
        
               | olyjohn wrote:
               | Microsoft shops gonna be running Hyper-V. Probably also
               | got hosed.
        
               | tremon wrote:
               | Rolling back an Active Directory server is a
               | spectacularly bad idea. Better make doubly sure it's not
               | connected to any network before you even attempt to do
               | so.
        
               | ryanjshaw wrote:
               | In theory. I've seen it not happen twice. (The worst part
               | is that you can hit the Bitlocker recovery somewhat
               | randomly because of an irrelevant piece of hardware
               | failing, and now you have to rebuild the OS because the
               | recovery key is MIA.)
        
               | tamimio wrote:
               | I know it does for personal accounts once linked to your
               | machine. Years ago, I used the enterprise version and it
               | didn't, probably because it was "assumed" that it should
               | be done with group policies, but that was in 2017.
        
             | acdha wrote:
             | Most people installed CrowdStrike because an audit said
             | they needed it. I find it exceedingly unlikely that the
             | same audit did not say they have to enable Bitlocker and
             | backup its keys.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | I can confirm this. EDR checkbox for CrowdStrike,
               | BitLocker enabled for local disk encryption checkbox.
               | BitLocker backups to Entra because we know reality
               | happens, no checkbox for that.
        
           | paganel wrote:
           | This was particularly interesting (from the reddit thread
           | posted above):
           | 
           | > A colleague is dealing with a particularly nasty case. The
           | server storing the BitLocker recovery keys (for thousands of
           | users) is itself BitLocker protected and running CrowdStrike
           | (he says mandates state that all servers must have
           | "encryption at rest").
           | 
           | > His team believes that the recovery key for that server is
           | stored somewhere else, and they may be able to get it back up
           | and running, but they can't access any of the documentation
           | to do so, because everything is down.
        
             | radiator wrote:
             | I find that hilarious
        
               | lukan wrote:
               | Me too, as I am also not affected. But I do pity those
               | guys who now try to solve that deadlock.
        
             | lordnacho wrote:
             | > but they can't access any of the documentation to do so,
             | because everything is down.
             | 
             | One of my biggest frustrations with learning networking was
             | not being able to access the internet. Nowadays you
             | probably have a phone with a browser, but back in the day
             | if you were sitting in a data room and you'd configured
             | stuff wrong, you had a problem.
        
             | RobotToaster wrote:
             | Nobody, not one person, thought that documentation should
             | be stored in hard copy?
        
               | whynotmaybe wrote:
               | I'm guessing someone somewhere said that "it must be
               | stored in hard copy in a safe" and the answer was in the
               | range of "we don't have a safe, we'll be fine".
               | 
               | Or worse, if it's like where I worked in the past,
               | they're still in the buying process for a safe (started
               | 13 months ago) and the analysts are building up a general
               | plan for the management of the safe combination. They
               | still have to start the discussions with the union to see
               | how they'll adapt the salary for the people that will
               | have to remember the code for the safe and who's gonna be
               | legally responsible for anything that happens to the
               | safe. Last follow-up meeting summary is "everything's
               | going well but we'll have to modify the schedule and
               | postpone the delivery date of a few months, let's say 6
               | to be safe"
        
               | KineticLensman wrote:
               | Not just financial / process barriers. I worked for a
               | company in the early 90's that needed a large secure safe
               | to store classified documents and removable hard drives.
               | A significant part of the delay in getting it was
               | figuring out how to get it into the upstairs office where
               | it would be located. The solution involved removing a
               | window and hiring a crane.
               | 
               | When we later moved to new offices, somebody found a
               | solution that involved a 'stair-walking' device that
               | could supposedly get the safe down to the ground floor.
               | This of course jammed when it was halfway down the
               | stairs. Hilarity ensued.
        
             | Retr0id wrote:
             | Any chance you have a link to that comment?
        
               | paganel wrote:
               | Didn't bookmark it or anything and going back to the
               | original reddit thread I now see that there are close to
               | 9,000 comments, so unfortunately the answer is no...
        
               | nrr wrote:
               | Here you go. <https://www.reddit.com/r/crowdstrike/commen
               | ts/1e6vmkf/commen...>
        
             | sobellian wrote:
             | Just hope there is no mutual recursion, i.e. recovery key A
             | is stored on machine B, recovery key B is stored on machine
             | A!
        
             | JCharante wrote:
             | Isn't that what office safes are for? I don't know the
             | location, but all the old guard at my company knew that
             | room xyz at Company Office A held a safe with printed out
             | recovery keys and the root account credentials. No idea
             | where the key to the safe is or if it's a keypad lock
             | instead. Almost had to use it one time.
        
           | sebazzz wrote:
           | BitLocker for Business stores the bitlocker key centrally.
           | Still, it is a huge manual undertaking fixing every system.
        
             | tgshaik wrote:
             | Absolutely correct. Unfortunately, there is no other
             | solution to this issue. If the laptops were powered down
             | overnight, there might be a stroke of luck. However, this
             | will be one of the most challenging recoveries in IT
             | history, making it a highly unpleasant experience.
        
             | teeheelol wrote:
             | Yeah in context we have about 1000 remote workers down. We
             | have to call them and talk through each machine because we
             | can't fix them remotely because they are stuck boot
             | looping. A large proportion of these users are non-
             | technical.
        
               | chrisjj wrote:
               | How fortunate the phone system is not vulnerable to
               | CrowdStrike...
        
               | CoastalCoder wrote:
               | Man, talk about a mass-phishing opportunity.
        
             | immibis wrote:
             | I heard the central system was on Azure, running
             | CrowdStrike.
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | MS Windows Recovery screen (or the OS installer disk) might
           | ask you for the recovery key only, but _you can unlock the
           | drive manually_ with the password as well! I had to do that a
           | week ago after a disk clone gone wrong, so in case someone
           | steps on the same issue (this here is tested with Win 10, but
           | it should be just the same for W11 and Server):
           | 
           | 1. Boot the affected machine from the Windows installer disk
           | 
           | 2. Use "Repair options"
           | 
           | 3. Click through to the option to spawn a shell
           | 
           | 4. It will now ask you for unlocking the disk with a recovery
           | key. SKIP THAT.
           | 
           | 5. In the shell, type: "manage-bde -unlock C: -Password",
           | enter the password
           | 
           | 6. The drive is unlocked, now go and execute whatever
           | recovery you have to do.
           | 
           | Good luck.
        
             | sam_lowry_ wrote:
             | On my corporate Windows 11 22H2 "manage-bde -unlock C:
             | -Password" does not unlock the disk with the user key. I
             | guess it needs recovery key as well.
        
             | plonk wrote:
             | Don't you need more options if the key is in a TPM, or
             | there is a password but it's only part of the key?
             | 
             | Can you even get the secret from the TPM in recovery mode?
        
               | mschuster91 wrote:
               | > Can you even get the secret from the TPM in recovery
               | mode?
               | 
               | Given that you can (relatively trivially) sniff the TPM
               | communication to obtain the key [1], yes it should be
               | possible. Can't verify it though as I've long ago
               | switched to Mac for my primary driver and the old
               | cheesegrater Mac I use as a gaming rig doesn't have a
               | hardware TPM chip.
               | 
               | [1] https://pulsesecurity.co.nz/articles/TPM-sniffing
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | TPMs embedded in the processor (fTPM) are pretty popular
               | and it's a lot harder to sniff communications that stay
               | inside the cpu.
        
               | plonk wrote:
               | yea I don't need an attack on a weak system, I mean the
               | authorized legal normal way of unlocking BL from Windows
               | when you have the right credentials. Windows might not be
               | able to unlock BitLocker with just your password.
               | 
               | I don't know how common it is to disable TPM-stored keys
               | in companies, but on personal licenses, you need group
               | policy to even allow that.
               | 
               | Although this is moot if Windows recovery mode is
               | accepted as the right system by the TPM. But aren't
               | permissions/privileges a bit neutered in that mode?
        
           | fragmede wrote:
           | help for if you have bitlocker turned on (because of course
           | you do).
           | 
           | https://x.com/attilabubby/status/1814216589559861673
           | 
           | https://x.com/nathanmcnulty/status/1785094215749476722?s=46
           | 
           | GPO to fix:
           | 
           | https://gist.github.com/whichbuffer/7830c73711589dcf9e7a5217.
           | ..
        
           | downrightmike wrote:
           | Saved to my desktop? How does that help? /s
        
         | sva_ wrote:
         | Happy weekend to everyone who works there.
        
         | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
         | They had me at "crowdstrike engineering"
         | 
         | So engineer-like.
        
       | jamesbfb wrote:
       | Our company is in panic mode. 15 machines blue screened for no
       | apparent reason and stuck in boot loop. I'm a gloating Linux user
       | :)
       | 
       | Also in Australia
        
         | jdleel wrote:
         | I think there are companies with 10000+ or probably more
        
         | dabiged wrote:
         | Year of the Linux desktop at last!
        
       | VargaLand wrote:
       | According to Reddit It's hitting Croatia, Philippines, US,
       | Germany, Mexico, India, Japan. SAP servers dropping like flies,
       | that's Defence,Banks, Payroll all affected. Major Retail Chains
       | like Big W down.
        
         | aenis wrote:
         | We have outages across whole APAC and most EMEA. Despite being
         | a very big client of CS, we do not have an official resolution
         | yet, an hour into the incident.
        
         | attentive wrote:
         | SAP isn't linux?
        
           | sgammon wrote:
           | Thundering herd? Idk
        
       | ajdlinux wrote:
       | Starting to get media coverage:
       | https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-07-19/technology-shutdown-a...
        
         | gamma032 wrote:
         | Australian news reporting this has hit hospitals, fire and
         | rescue, banking, media, airlines and many other companies
         | worldwide.
        
         | Napsty wrote:
         | yep spreading quickly now.
         | 
         | https://www.geekersdigest.com/windows-blue-screen-crash-caus...
         | https://www.timesnownews.com/technology-science/latest-crowd...
         | 
         | This is gonna be a tough Friday for IT departments...
        
         | yen223 wrote:
         | Newsreaders on the ABC are reading off paper notepads lmao
        
           | jaza wrote:
           | I was listening to Triple J (one of ABC's radio stations),
           | they said: "welcome to our first and possibly last ever
           | Triple J's USB Fridays, we can't play any of our usual music
           | because the computers are all down, all we can play is the
           | songs that happen to be on the USB stick that one of us had
           | in our pocket". LOL!
        
         | Hawxy wrote:
         | The impact is Australia is immense.
         | https://downdetector.com.au/, it's almost every major org in
         | the country. NSW Government is completely offline.
        
       | thrdbndndn wrote:
       | I assume you have to install "CrowdStrike" yourself (i.e. not
       | bundled with Windows by default)? I have no idea what it is
       | before.
        
         | sammy2255 wrote:
         | Its paid antivirus software, they cater to businesses
        
       | alams wrote:
       | Anyone found any fixes, while Crowdstrike comes up with a fix?
        
         | jimmy_lbts wrote:
         | we will found a troubleshooting , we start in revovery mode and
         | rename the path C:\windows\system32\drivers\Crowdstrike
        
         | h4kunamata wrote:
         | Do this at your own risk!! Apparently there are two NON-
         | OFFICIAL solutions:
         | 
         | 1. Rename csagent.sys ( the file causing the BSOD ) 2. Rename
         | c:\windows\System32\Drivers\Crowdstrike
         | 
         | Again, do this at your own risk. Both workaround have been
         | reported as "working". I am Linux user so I cannot tell.
        
       | michelevr wrote:
       | Husband is a deputy in California. His department and many others
       | here are down as well (including PDs, jails, ambulance companies,
       | etc.)
        
         | mcast wrote:
         | This seems like a pretty severe point of failure.
        
       | aenis wrote:
       | We have ~50 thousand laptops in reboot loop and ~1.5k servers as
       | well. No resolution yet.
        
       | kswap wrote:
       | Faced the same issue few minutes back after few loops of reboot
       | my system is up
        
         | aenis wrote:
         | We had a few machines come out of the boot loop - only to re-
         | enter it 20 mins later. I am sure CS pulled the patch from
         | their CDNs but ...maybe some cached versions still linger?
        
       | 7am00dee wrote:
       | A system restore helps. But obviously not when you've got an
       | environment of ~500 or more clients
        
       | zcretu wrote:
       | Quick fix that worked for us, In safe mode:
       | 
       | 1.enter in drive C: 2.system 32 folder 3. Drivers 4. Rename
       | crowdstrike folder to something else doesent matter what.
        
         | jimbob45 wrote:
         | Could you potentially do the same by just attaching the HDD to
         | another computer as a secondary drive and renaming the folder
         | if safe mode falls through?
        
           | nrr wrote:
           | Not likely, not unless the disk is also not BitLockered.
        
       | _kyran wrote:
       | Was just using the energy vic website and thought I'd been rate
       | limited when their API stopped working. Seems like it could be
       | this.
        
       | BLKNSLVR wrote:
       | In terms of analysing risk factors to minimise something like
       | this happening again, what are the factors at play here?
       | 
       | A Crowdstrike update being able to blue-screen Windows Desktops
       | and Servers.
       | 
       | Whilst Crowdstrike are going to cop a potentially existential-
       | threatening amount of blame, an application shouldn't be able to
       | do this kind of damage to an operating system. This makes me
       | think that, maybe, Crowdstrike were unlucky enough to have
       | accidentally discovered a bug that affects multiple versions of
       | Windows (ie. it's a Windows bug, maybe more-so than it is a
       | Crowdstrike bug).
       | 
       | There also seems to have been a ball-dropped in regards to auto-
       | updating all the things. Yes, gotta keep your infrastructure up
       | to date to prevent security incidents, but is this done in test
       | environments before it's put into production?
       | 
       | Un-audited dependence on an increasingly long chain of third-
       | parties.
       | 
       | All the answers are difficult, time consuming, and therefore
       | expensive, and are only useful in times like now. And if everyone
       | else is down, then there's safety in the crowd. Just point at
       | "them too", and stay the path. This isn't a profitable
       | differentiation. But it should be! (raised fists towards the
       | sky).
        
         | aloha2436 wrote:
         | > an application shouldn't be able to do this kind of damage to
         | an operating system
         | 
         | Antivirus software by its nature probably needs the kind of
         | access that would let it bluescreen your computer.
        
           | BLKNSLVR wrote:
           | Wading out my depth here, so forgive any stupidity following.
           | 
           | And there's a certain amount of sense to that, it has to get
           | "under" the layer that viruses can typically get to, but I
           | still think there should be another layer at which the OS is
           | protected from misbehaving anti-virus software (which has
           | been known to happen).
        
             | eddythompson80 wrote:
             | It's a kernel mode driver. There aren't layers in kernel
             | drivers. Any kernel module/driver can crash your system if
             | it wants to.
        
               | quietbritishjim wrote:
               | You're taking about how things are, the comment you're
               | replying to is talking about how things could be. There's
               | not a contradiction there.
               | 
               | Originally, x86 processors had 4 levels of hardware
               | protection, from ring 0 up to ring 3 (if I remember
               | right). The idea was indeed that non-OS drivers could
               | operate at the intermediate levels. But no one used them
               | and they're effectively abandoned now. (There's "level
               | -1" now for hypervisors and maybe other stuff but that's
               | besides the point.)
               | 
               | Whether those x86 were really suitable or not is not
               | exactly important. The point is, it's possible to imagine
               | a world where device drivers could have less than 100%
               | permissions.
        
             | lnx01 wrote:
             | It runs at Ring 0, there's no lower ring (besides maybe IME
             | and the like).
        
               | BLKNSLVR wrote:
               | The problem I have with this is that anti-virus software
               | has never felt like the most reliable, well-written,
               | trustworthy software that's deserving of it's place in
               | Ring 0.
               | 
               | I understand I'm yelling into the storm here, because
               | anti-virus also requires that level of system access due
               | to the nature of what it's trying to detect. But then
               | again, does it only need Ring 0 access for the worst of
               | the worst? Can it run 99% of the time in Ring 1, or user
               | space, and only instantiate it's Ring 0 privileges for
               | regular but infrequent scans or if it detects something
               | else may be 'off'?
               | 
               | Default Ring 0? Earn it.
               | 
               | This turns into a "what's your threat level" discussion.
        
               | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
               | Technically, there are rings -1 through -3; hypervisor/-1
               | actually seems widely used and maybe could be used here.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protection_ring#Miscellaneo
               | us
        
             | DaoVeles wrote:
             | Need something like a hypervisor OS/hardware that isnt IME.
        
               | dist-epoch wrote:
               | Modern Windows installs already run under a hypervisor.
               | It's called Core Isolation or Virtualization Based
               | Security.
        
             | prmoustache wrote:
             | That usually makes it a port of entry for attacks.
             | Antivirus are really malwares waiting to be exploited.
        
             | chrisjj wrote:
             | [delayed]
        
           | fulafel wrote:
           | This is not the case. There are many possible AV
           | architectures, with or without kernel drivers and/or
           | administrator level permissions.
        
         | zsims wrote:
         | > Whilst Crowdstrike are going to cop a potentially
         | existential-threatening amount of blame, an application
         | shouldn't be able to do this kind of damage to an operating
         | system.
         | 
         | It doesn't operate in user space, they install a kernel driver.
        
           | Reason077 wrote:
           | > _" they install a kernel driver"_
           | 
           | And therein lies the problem!
        
             | Tech-Untangler wrote:
             | Not like they have an option. Kernel drivers are required.
        
               | viraptor wrote:
               | There's a grey area between "kernel drivers are required
               | for crowdstrike" and "windows is not modular enough to
               | expose necessary functionality to userspace". It could be
               | solved differently given enough motivation.
        
               | viraptor wrote:
               | An expanded explanation with the third option of: even
               | with existing options, it was really badly implemented - 
               | https://social.treehouse.systems/@marcan/1128127919366395
               | 98
        
               | Reason077 wrote:
               | Are they? Apple has pretty much banned kernel drivers
               | (kexts) in macOS on Apple Silicon. When they were still
               | used, they were a common cause of crashes and
               | instability, not to mention potential gaping security
               | holes.
               | 
               | Most things that third-party kernel drivers used to do
               | (device drivers, file systems, etc) are now done just as
               | well, and much more safely, in userspace. I'm surprised
               | if Microsoft isn't heading in this direction too?
               | 
               | Presumably, Crowdstrike runs on macOS _without_ a kernel
               | extension?
        
               | cywick wrote:
               | > Presumably, Crowdstrike runs on macOS without a kernel
               | extension?
               | 
               | That's correct: CrowdStrike now only installs an
               | "Endpoint Security" system extension and a "Network"
               | system extension on macOS, but no kernel extension
               | anymore.
        
               | lucasRW wrote:
               | Whatever protection is implemented in user-land can be
               | removed from user-land too. This is why most EDR vendors
               | are now gradually relying on kernel based mechanisms
               | rather than doing stuff like injecting their DLL in a
               | process, hooking syscalls, etc...
        
               | JackSlateur wrote:
               | This is wrong, there are many facilities that, once
               | applied, cannot be modified (unless reboot)
        
               | lucasRW wrote:
               | Such as ?
        
               | JackSlateur wrote:
               | Random example:
               | https://man.openbsd.org/OpenBSD-7.3/msyscall
               | 
               | This is a syscall used by userspace to tell the kernel
               | which memory portion is allowed to do syscalls
               | 
               | This syscall can only be used once : once the linker has
               | done it, the kernel will refuse extra calls (so allowing
               | more memory pages is not possible)
        
               | tankenmate wrote:
               | One would hope that Crowdstrike does a similar thing on
               | Linux and relies on fanotify and/or ebpf instead of using
               | a kernel module. The other upside to this would be not
               | having to wait for Crowdstrike to be constantly updating
               | their code for newer kernels.
        
               | wjdp wrote:
               | I believe so but would like better details. We used to
               | use another provider that depended on exact kernel
               | versions whereas the falcon-sensor seems quite happy with
               | kernel updates.
        
               | BodyCulture wrote:
               | Wait, you still will be using CS? Why?
        
               | mrweasel wrote:
               | The original Windows NT had microkernel architecture,
               | where a driver/server could not crash the OS. So no,
               | Crowdstrike didn't have an option really, but Microsoft
               | did.
               | 
               | As PC got faster, Microsoft could have returned to the
               | microkernel architecture, or at least focused on
               | isolating drivers better.
        
               | DaoVeles wrote:
               | Yep, this is technical legacy in action.
        
               | jsheard wrote:
               | They've done it to a degree but only for graphics
               | drivers, Windows is (AFAIK) unique amongst the major OSes
               | in that it can nearly always recover from a GPU driver or
               | hardware crash without having to reboot. It makes sense
               | that they would focus on that since graphics drivers are
               | by far the most complex ones on most systems and there
               | are only 3 vendors to coordinate API changes with, but it
               | would be nice if they broadened it to other drivers over
               | time.
        
               | nullindividual wrote:
               | NT was never a true microkernel. Most drivers are loaded
               | into the kernel. Display drivers being a huge pain point,
               | subsequently rolled back to user space in 2000, and
               | printer drivers being the next pain point, but primarily
               | with security -- hence moving to a Microsoft-supplied
               | universal print driver, finally in Windows 11.
        
               | tyho wrote:
               | Required for crowdstrike to do what crowdstrike does.
               | Which is mostly useless security theatre.
        
               | adrianN wrote:
               | The people installing crowdstrike have an option: Don't
               | install it.
        
             | simfoo wrote:
             | Yep. We can't migrate our workstations to Ubuntu 24.04
             | because Crowdstrikes falcon kernel modules don't support
             | the kernel version yet. Presumably they wanted to move to
             | EBPF but I'm guessing that hasn't happened yet. Also: I
             | can't find the source code of those kernel modules - they
             | likely use GPL-only symbols, wouldn't that be a GPL
             | violation?
        
               | actionfromafar wrote:
               | Probably only a violation if you distribute the linked
               | result. Not if you only install it.
        
               | saagarjha wrote:
               | How would you install it without them distributing it?
        
               | diffeomorphism wrote:
               | Two different "it". As an analogy: selling pizza Hawaii
               | is dicey, but you can sell pineapple slices and customers
               | can add those to their pizza themselves.
        
               | tpush wrote:
               | They mean distributing Linux + the module together. Like
               | e.g. shipping the Nvidia kernel module alone is fine, but
               | shipping a Linux distro with that module preinstalled is
               | not fine.
        
               | rkangel wrote:
               | The generally accepted (but not well tested) legal
               | position is that it's ok to have a proprietary kernel
               | module that is dynamically loaded.
               | 
               | You can, for instance, ask a running kernel if it is
               | "tainted" by having loaded a non-GPL module.
        
               | immibis wrote:
               | GPL exported symbols are the ones that are thought to be
               | so tightly coupled to the kernel implementation that if
               | you are using them, you are writing a derivative work of
               | the kernel.
        
               | simfoo wrote:
               | Yeah that was also my understanding, and I can't imagine
               | a av module able to intercept filesystem and syscalls to
               | be only using non-core symbols. But of course you never
               | know without decompiling the module
        
               | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
               | > and I can't imagine a av module able to intercept
               | filesystem and syscalls to be only using non-core
               | symbols.
               | 
               | I can, considering that you can do that from user space
               | using strace. Or ebpf which is probably the actual right
               | way to do this kind of thing.
        
               | vbezhenar wrote:
               | Last time I dealt with HP, I had to use their fakeraid
               | proprietary kernel module which "tainted" the kernel. Of
               | course they never open-sourced it. I guess it's not
               | necessary.
        
               | pmontra wrote:
               | Why would you use Crowdstrike on Ubuntu? Is because of a
               | real security concern, or abiding to regulations (thou
               | shalt have an antivirus) or else?
        
               | simfoo wrote:
               | Ask my IT dep. AFAIK it's audit related, safety-critical
               | software
        
               | jonathanlydall wrote:
               | I think "compliance" would be a better word to use that
               | "safety" when it comes to a lot of "security" software on
               | computers.
               | 
               | And I bring up the distinction because while compliance
               | is "sometimes" about safety, it's also very often about
               | KPIs of particular individuals or due to imaginary
               | liability for having not researched every possible
               | "compliance" checkbox conceivable and making sure it's
               | been checked.
               | 
               | Some computer security software is completely out of hand
               | because its primary purpose is to have the appearance of
               | effectiveness for the exec whose job is to tick off as
               | many safety checkboxes as they can find, as opposed to
               | being actually pragmatically effective.
               | 
               | If the same methodologies were applied to car safety,
               | cars would be so weighed down by safety features, that
               | they wouldn't be able to go faster than 40km/h.
        
               | slow_typist wrote:
               | Just to be safe, of course! In my org they try to rollout
               | sentinel one on every 'endpoint' regardless of operating
               | system.
        
               | thyrsus wrote:
               | I was given to understand that Crowdstrike provided some
               | protection from unvetted export of data. I'm not sure
               | that data would be useful without the rare domain
               | expertise to use it, but I wasn't shown the risk
               | analysis. And then someone else demands and gets ssh
               | access to GitHub. Sigh.
        
               | qwertox wrote:
               | > We can't migrate our workstations to Ubuntu 24.04
               | because Crowdstrikes
               | 
               | Should you upgrade before 24.04.1 is released? It's
               | scheduled for August 15.
        
               | CoastalCoder wrote:
               | IIRC, about a 12-18 months ago CrowdStrike was recruiting
               | for a development with eBPF skills.
        
             | j-krieger wrote:
             | So what? Crowdstrike is a kernel AV. How else would you
             | solve this?
        
             | mr_mitm wrote:
             | It's a design decision. People want the antivirus to
             | protect them even if an attacker exploits a local privilege
             | escalation vulnerability or if an attacker that compromised
             | an admin account (which happens all the time in Windows
             | environments) wants to load malicious software. That's kind
             | of the point of these things. Somebody exploits a memory
             | vulnerability of one of the hundreds of services on a
             | system, the antivirus is supposed to prevent that, and to
             | their benefit, Crowdstrike is very good at this. If it
             | didn't run in the kernel, an attacker with root can
             | deactivate the antivirus. Since it's a kernel module, the
             | attacker needs to load a signed kernel module, which is
             | much harder to achieve.
        
               | jsheard wrote:
               | Presumably Crowdstrikes driver also has the ELAM flag
               | which guarantees it will be loaded before any other third
               | party drivers, so even if a malicious driver is already
               | installed they have the opportunity to preempt it at
               | boot.
               | 
               | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-
               | hardware/drivers/i...
        
               | chrisjj wrote:
               | > guarantees it will be loaded before any other third
               | party drivers
               | 
               | Point of information. "Guarantee" and "any" are
               | unsubstantiated by that MS article.
        
               | jsheard wrote:
               | If we are being pedantic then an ELAM driver can't be
               | guaranteed to load before another ELAM driver of course,
               | but only a small list of vetted vendors are able to sign
               | ELAM drivers so it is very unlikely that malware would be
               | able to gain that privilege. That's the whole point.
        
               | chrisjj wrote:
               | Not pedantic. Just accurate.
               | 
               | > an ELAM driver can't be guaranteed to load before
               | another ELAM driver of course,
               | 
               | Thanks for the correction.
        
         | gamma032 wrote:
         | At the end of the day, if you give an application a deep set of
         | permissions, that's on you as an administrator, not the OS.
         | This unchecked global rollout appears to just be a violation of
         | every good software engineering practice we know.
        
           | BLKNSLVR wrote:
           | > This unchecked global rollout appears to just be a
           | violation of every good software engineering practice we
           | know.
           | 
           | Yeah, this is what surprises me. Corporate infrastructure
           | policy seems to have been matched to smart phone default
           | settings.
        
             | freetanga wrote:
             | I have worked in Finance for 25 years, and the amount of
             | pressure I had to stand from Auditing on "Why do we have a
             | 20-day-window on applying most updates as we get them from
             | suppliers? We are not best practice!" is gruelling.
             | 
             | These people report to the Board Chairman, don't understand
             | any real implication of their work, and believe the world
             | is a simplistic Red - Amber - Green grid.
             | 
             | I understand most CIOs / CTOs / CISOs in Corporate would
             | buckle.
        
               | chii wrote:
               | So the silver lining from this incident would be that you
               | can simply point to it, and tell those auditors to fuck
               | off.
        
             | vbezhenar wrote:
             | I'm pretty sure Apple does gradual rollouts of upgrades, so
             | default smartphone settings are better than that.
        
             | strunz wrote:
             | It's actually worse than phone updates. Ever looked at your
             | phone and noticed it hasn't updated to the new OS despite
             | it having been out for a few days already? This is why.
        
           | bzzzt wrote:
           | Administrators are to blame because management (and a lot of
           | 'cybersecurity policies') demand there's a virus scanner on
           | the machines?
           | 
           | While virus scanners might pick up some threats not addressed
           | by OS updates yet every one of them I've seen is a rootkit in
           | disguise wanting full system privileges. There are numerous
           | incidents with security holes and crashes caused by these
           | security products. They also aren't that clever: repeatedly
           | scanning the same files 'on access' over and over again
           | wasting CPU and IO is not going to give you any extra
           | security.
        
             | attentive wrote:
             | Not so much in disguise.
             | 
             | CS has official RCE root/admin access on all the clients.
             | Which skips any normal auth of the OS. Yes, on all windows,
             | mac and linux.
        
             | mycall wrote:
             | I often watch Crowdstrike thrash my laptop's resources,
             | making it slow to do compiles. Cybersecurity won't let me
             | disable it either, so I just set it to lower priority
             | process.
        
               | aeyes wrote:
               | You might have more luck asking Cybersecurity to add a
               | path like ~/code which contains your source code to the
               | exclusion list.
        
           | mrweasel wrote:
           | As someone who worked for a company, who's a Crowdstrike
           | partner, I assure you that Crowdstrike does not sell to
           | administrators. It is very much a product sold to management
           | and company auditors.
           | 
           | Where you're correct is that it's on the administrators to
           | rollout the updates, but I'm not sure that's how Crowdstrike
           | works. It's a managed solution and updates are done for you,
           | maybe that can be disabled, but I honestly don't know.
        
           | tomohawk wrote:
           | This should clue you in.
           | 
           | CS is not sold to SA or technical types. It's sold to
           | management as a risk reduction.
           | 
           | The whole point is that if you are technical, you are so
           | untrusted that management is willing to require circumvention
           | of known good practices and force installation of this
           | software against technical advice.
        
         | nikau wrote:
         | I feel the need to make a mustang car crowdsrike meme
        
           | CoastalCoder wrote:
           | Could you elaborate?
        
             | nikau wrote:
             | Mustangs are famous for their high power and poor handling
             | - there are lots of videos showing drivers doing burnouts,
             | losing control, and striking the crowd they are showing off
             | to.
        
             | Arrath wrote:
             | Mustangs have a reputation as being 'crowd (or streetlight)
             | seeking' missiles.
             | 
             | This is due to their price making them relatively more
             | available to the enthusiasts than say Hellcats, enthusiasts
             | who may not be experienced enough to deal with having that
             | much power available to them in a RWD car. This confluence
             | of power, confidence and lack of skill often comes to a
             | head when the enthusiast goes to a car meet to show off and
             | meet with like minded folks. At the conclusion of the meet,
             | or during a group drive, they'll often pull a sick burnout
             | as they pull out of the parking lot on to a street.
             | 
             | A sick burnout they haven't practiced, and will often cause
             | them to lose the back end sending the car into the curb, a
             | tree, or a crowd of like minded attendees at the car meet.
             | Therefore, the reputation.
             | 
             | For example: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DPx5aBI8UTQ
        
           | ncr100 wrote:
           | I think it was a Dodge charger. That pro-trump KKK guy in the
           | gray car who drove through the crowd while the crowd was I
           | think it was a George Floyd protest?
           | 
           | Also heard today crowd stroke.
        
           | ric2b wrote:
           | There's a better joke, Crowdstrike sponsors the Mercedes
           | Formula 1 team and in 1955 Mercedes was involved in the worst
           | motorsport accident ever, killing over 80 people watching
           | from the stands when parts of the cars flew off and...
           | striked the crowd...
        
         | bratwurst3000 wrote:
         | maybe they installed crowdstrike because they wanted updated
         | without testing. and crowdstrike failed at testing them in
         | their environment.
         | 
         | sounds like they didnt test all cases and stumbled on a windows
         | bug
        
         | AmericanChopper wrote:
         | My experience working with Crowdstrike was that they were super
         | arrogant about these risks. I was working on a ~50k enterprise
         | rollout, and our CS guy was very belligerent about how long we
         | were taking to do it, how much testing we wanted to do, the way
         | that we were staggering roll outs and managing rollback plans.
         | He didn't think any of this was necessary, that we should roll
         | it out in one fell swoop, have everything to auto-update all
         | the time, and constantly yapped about how many bigger
         | enterprises than ours completed their rollouts in just a couple
         | of weeks.
         | 
         | He actually threatened to fire us as a client because he
         | claimed he didn't want the CS brand associated with an org that
         | wasn't "fully protected" by CS. By far the worst vendor contact
         | I've ever had. I've had nicer meetings with Oracle lawyers than
         | I was having with this guy. I hope this sort of thing humbles
         | them a little.
        
           | BLKNSLVR wrote:
           | > constantly yapped about how many bigger enterprises than
           | ours completed their rollouts in just a couple of weeks.
           | 
           | Evidence is pointing towards him actually being right about
           | this, despite likely being wrong about everything else.
           | 
           | It'd be worth giving him a call, just to check in how he's
           | going, and take him up on the offer to fire you as a client.
        
             | AmericanChopper wrote:
             | I was just a contractor there, and don't work with them at
             | the moment. But I'm a customer of theirs and they're
             | definitely having an outage right now, so I'm guessing it's
             | all still in place.
        
               | CoastalCoder wrote:
               | Mind rephrasing? I don't understand what you're saying.
        
               | AmericanChopper wrote:
               | I don't work there any more. But they were having an
               | outage, so I'm guessing they never got fired as a client
               | (guessing that they're still using Crowdstrike) and could
               | still take that offer (of being fired as a client) if
               | they wanted to.
        
             | ric2b wrote:
             | What evidence are you referring to? Was there a company
             | that was breached for taking a few days or weeks to update
             | crowdstrike?
        
           | DaoVeles wrote:
           | Ouch, considering the devil works under Oracles lawyers,
           | thats bad!
        
           | shiroiushi wrote:
           | >I hope this sort of thing humbles them a little.
           | 
           | Hopefully not. It would be better that this company is sued
           | into oblivion by all the customers that were affected by this
           | huge outage.
        
             | mym1990 wrote:
             | Maybe humbles all the other surviving companies? We can
             | only dream
        
           | locococo wrote:
           | sounds like a very inexperienced person.
           | 
           | If their mission is to protect businesses they should
           | understand your concerns.
           | 
           | Speed is useless without control.
        
             | AmericanChopper wrote:
             | He was pretty senior for his role, but really I have no
             | idea whether he was representative of the wider company
             | culture.
             | 
             | We had a buggy client release during the rollout which
             | consumed all the CPU in one of our test environments
             | (something he assured us could never happen), and he calmed
             | down a bit after that. Prior to that though he was doing
             | stuff like finding our CISO on LinkedIn to let him know how
             | worried he was about our rollout pace, and that without CS
             | protection a major breach could be imminent.
        
               | CoastalCoder wrote:
               | I'm guessing he's not typical, only because of he was,
               | CrowdStrike would be known far and wide for this
               | behavior.
               | 
               | For example, the way Oracle's lawyers are known.
        
         | midtake wrote:
         | Maybe it's time that critical systems switch to Linux. The
         | major public clouds are already primarily running Linux.
         | Emergency services, booking, and traditional point-of-sale have
         | no strong reason to run Windows. In the past 10 years, the
         | technological capability differences between Windows and Linux
         | have widened considerably, with Linux being the most advanced
         | operating system in the world without question.
         | 
         | Concerns about usability between Windows and Linux in the
         | modern day are disingenuous at best and malicious at worst.
         | There is no UX concern when everything runs off a webapp these
         | days.
         | 
         | Just use Linux. You will save money and time, and your system
         | will be supported for many years, you won't be charged per
         | E-Core, you won't suffer BSoDs in 2024. Red Hat is a
         | trustworthy American company based out of Raleigh, NC, in case
         | you have concerns of provenance.
         | 
         | Really there's no downside. If you were building your own
         | company you would base your tech stack on Linux and not
         | Windows.
         | 
         | Critical systems cannot go down; therefore they cannot run
         | Windows. If they do, they are being mismanaged and run
         | negligently. Management should have no issue finding Linux
         | engineers, they are everywhere. I could make a killing right
         | now as a consultant going from company to company and just
         | swapping out Windows backends for Linux. And quite frankly I
         | might just do that, literally starting right now.
        
           | DaoVeles wrote:
           | All good points but Windows didnt win because it had the best
           | tech or user interface. Merely the most developer support
           | thus user numbers. Legacy momentum is an incredibly difficult
           | thing to sway. It has taken Apple decades an potentially
           | hundreds of billions of dollars of marketing and good will to
           | carve out its share of the market. Linux doesn't have that
           | despites its clear technical advantages.
           | 
           | It is an incredibly frustrated battle akin to Sisyphus.
        
           | attentive wrote:
           | oh, you think security won't mandate to run CS on linux.
           | 
           | Granted it didn't down linux this time but nothing is
           | stopping it.
        
             | snotrockets wrote:
             | It's not security, it's compliance. The two are sometimes
             | aligned, sometimes less so.
        
             | chippiewill wrote:
             | Yeah, they definitely would mandate it.
             | 
             | My work laptop is running Ubuntu, and corporate IT requires
             | Symantec Antivirus to be running on it
        
             | hrrsn wrote:
             | We've had production outages caused by Microsoft Defender
             | our RHEL boxes :(
        
           | dist-epoch wrote:
           | > Linux being the most advanced operating system in the world
           | without question.
           | 
           | Only if you don't need a GUI/Desktop.
        
             | prmoustache wrote:
             | I rate Linux DE higher than I do windows and Mac desktop
             | tbh. Better ergonomics, better user experience and less
             | bloat.
        
               | blippitybleep wrote:
               | I could never get smooth scrolling to work on Linux in
               | any mainstream web browser, most people don't seem to see
               | it, but I'm sensitive to things like that.
        
               | prmoustache wrote:
               | Imho that was somewhat true on x11 but on wayland I feel
               | everything is much smoother. I am more a pgup/pgdown user
               | though.
        
               | cjbillington wrote:
               | Like with a laptop trackpad? I'm smooth-scrolling through
               | these comments right now, and don't remember when
               | scrolling wasn't smooth by default on any trackpad.
        
               | blippitybleep wrote:
               | It's smooth to a point, but not smooth like OS X is. It
               | might have improved (I think I last tried desktop Linux a
               | year ago). I do enjoy using Linux as my default headless
               | OS.
        
               | rgreekguy wrote:
               | NOT SMOOTH SCROLLING!
        
               | commandersaki wrote:
               | I need a few accessibility settings and Mac just excels
               | in this regard.
        
             | ric2b wrote:
             | I have a GUI/Desktop on Linux, not sure what you're
             | referring to?
        
             | lelanthran wrote:
             | > Only if you don't need a GUI/Desktop.
             | 
             | I not only need a GUI/Desktop, it's my daily driver!
             | 
             | And there are precious few things that Windows GUI/Desktop
             | provides which I don't have on Linux, while the reverse is
             | never true.
             | 
             | When I used Mac (Big Sur, I think?) until a year ago, I was
             | absolutely miserable about having to use such a primitive
             | GUI.
        
           | AdeptusAquinas wrote:
           | I don't understand this sort of blindness? Linux fails all
           | the time, with rather terrible nobody to root vulns because
           | some idiot failed to use the right bounds check. Ye gods, XZ
           | utils was barely a few months ago!
        
             | smcin wrote:
             | You mean 'xz utils'
        
               | AdeptusAquinas wrote:
               | zx sounds better
        
             | zik wrote:
             | But no damage actually ended up happening with the xz utils
             | exploit. It didn't even get released because someone picked
             | it up pre-release.
             | 
             | Every system gets attacked, but I think your point shows
             | that even with state-level attacks Linux handles it better
             | than other platforms.
        
               | AdeptusAquinas wrote:
               | Hmm? It was released for two plus months? 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
               | 
               | I'd also say this wasn't a good example of 'linux
               | handling it better': usually when a mess like this occurs
               | on windows all the corps get a quiet tap on the shoulder
               | that they need to immediately patch when MS releases it,
               | then a few days later it hits the news. In XZ's case, the
               | backdoor was published before the team knew about it,
               | huge mess.
        
               | adrian17 wrote:
               | You're right that it went noticed for a long time, just
               | one clarification
               | 
               | > all the corps get a quiet tap on the shoulder that they
               | need to immediately patch when MS releases it, then a few
               | days later it hits the news
               | 
               | AFAIK, distros were notified and released a patched
               | version of xz like a week before it hit the news, so at
               | least a lot of machines received it via automatic
               | updates.
        
               | AdeptusAquinas wrote:
               | Depends which news you're talking about. MS guy who
               | discovered it found it March 29th, published to oss. It
               | was in infosec news same day as redhat, others pushed out
               | critical advisories. Patch didn't come til a day or two
               | later.
        
               | zik wrote:
               | You're half right - people who compiled it from source
               | could theoretically get those releases, but no, it wasn't
               | released in any distros. So in practice since no linux
               | distro released it, no-one relying on linux distros was
               | exposed to it.
        
           | prmoustache wrote:
           | Crowdstrike has a linux version. It is mandatory in our linux
           | servers in my company so that is not the solution.
           | 
           | I would say issue 1 is management/compliance forcing admins
           | to install malwares like crowdstrike. But issue 1 is because
           | of issue 2 which is about admins / app devs / users aren't
           | smart enough to not have their machines compromised on a
           | regular basis in the first place. And issue 2 is because
           | issue 3 of the software industry not focusing on quality and
           | making bug free software.
           | 
           | All in all this should be mitigated by more diversity in OS,
           | software and "said security solution". Standardization and
           | monopolies works well until they don't and you get this kind
           | of shit.
        
             | fsflover wrote:
             | > Crowdstrike has a linux version
             | 
             | But would it crash the OS?
        
               | baq wrote:
               | Why wouldn't it? This particular bug wouldn't, but
               | another one...
        
               | AndriyKunitsyn wrote:
               | If it works the same way - absolutely.
        
               | TheFlash wrote:
               | Yes, the CS Falcon agent caused a kernel panic on RHEL
               | about a month ago.
        
               | sterlind wrote:
               | and yet everyone is blaming Windows _sigh_.
               | 
               | Windows actually runs a lot of drivers in user-mode, even
               | GPU drivers. largely this is because third-party drivers
               | were responsible for the vast majority of blue screens,
               | but the users would blame Microsoft. which makes sense;
               | Windows crashes so they blame Windows, but I doubt anyone
               | blamed Linux for the kernel panic.
        
               | fsflover wrote:
               | Linux is blamed for bad device drivers all the time, even
               | on HN.
        
               | prmoustache wrote:
               | I think windows can be blamed on how badly you can fix
               | that kind of issues. I mean on linux or any bsd admins
               | would build an iso image that would automatically run a
               | script that would take care of optionnally decrypting the
               | system drive, then remove crowdstrike. Or alternatively
               | simply building a live system that take an address via
               | dhcp and start an ssh server. and admins would remotely
               | and automatically run a playbook that mount that iso on
               | the hypervisor, boot it, remotely apply the fix, then
               | boot back the system on the system drive.
               | 
               | Maybe this is just my ignorance about windows and its
               | ecosystem but it seems most admins this morning were
               | clueless on how to fix that automatically and remotely on
               | n machines and would resort to boot in safe mode and
               | remove a file manually on each single server. This is
               | just insane to think that supposed windows sysadmins /
               | cloudops have no idea how to deploy a fix automatically
               | on that platform.
        
               | nickjj wrote:
               | One place I'm at recently required us to install it in
               | our Kubernetes cluster which powers a bunch of typical
               | web apps.
               | 
               | Falcon sensor is the most CPU intensive app running in
               | the cluster and produces a constant stream of disk
               | activity (more so than any of our apps).
               | 
               | It hasn't crashed anything yet but it definitely leaves
               | me feeling iffy about running it.
               | 
               | I don't like CrowdStrike at all. I got contacted by our
               | security department because I used curl to download a
               | file from GitHub on my dev box and it prompted a severe
               | enough security warning that it required me to explain my
               | intent. That was the day I learned I guess every command
               | or maybe even keystroke I type is being logged and
               | analyzed.
        
               | nevon wrote:
               | We were also forced to run that until the agent had
               | introduced a memory leak that ate almost all the memory
               | on all the hosts. Thankfully we managed to convince our
               | compliance people that we could run an immutable OS
               | rather than deploy this ~~malware~~ XDR agent.
        
               | tgeorge wrote:
               | It has in my experience with Rocky/RHEL lol.
               | 
               | https://access.redhat.com/solutions/7068083
               | 
               | https://forums.rockylinux.org/t/crowdstrike-freezing-
               | rockyli...
        
               | prmoustache wrote:
               | It can kill process based on memory scanning. Imagine
               | systemd was getting killed at every boot?
               | 
               | An issue might not be as universal as on windows, because
               | some distros do things differently like not using glibc,
               | or systemd, or whatever. Yet there are some baselines
               | common to the most popular ones.
        
             | guax wrote:
             | I think we don't do enough to fight back this requests in a
             | language that is understood by management. Ask them to sign
             | a security waiver assuming risks for installing software
             | techs would classify as a malware and RCE risk.
             | 
             | Companies like CS live on reputation, it should be dragged
             | down.
        
           | NexRebular wrote:
           | > Maybe it's time that critical systems switch to Linux.
           | 
           | I switched critical systems to illumos and BSD years ago and
           | it's been smooth sailing ever since. Nowadays there really is
           | no need to contribute to linux monoculturization whatsoever.
        
           | bdd8f1df777b wrote:
           | I too want to see Linux more widely adopted, but it won't
           | prevent this from happening. People will install corrupted
           | kernel modules on Linux too for anti-virus purposes.
        
           | jsmith99 wrote:
           | Do Linux systems not crash if a third party kernel module
           | crashes? Or was your comment sarcastic?
        
           | MatejKafka wrote:
           | The discussed issue is not related to any meaningful
           | difference between Windows and Linux - Crowdstrike used a
           | kernel driver, apparently containing a serious bug, which
           | took down the system, which is something any kernel driver
           | can do, no matter which kernel you use. At least Windows have
           | a well-developed framework for writing userspace drivers,
           | unlike Linux.
           | 
           | > Linux being the most advanced operating system in the world
           | without question.
           | 
           | Very strong and mostly unfounded claim; there are specific
           | aspects where Linux is "more advanced", and others where
           | Windows come out ahead (e.g. almost anything related to
           | hardware-based security and virtualization).
           | 
           | > your system will be supported for many years
           | 
           | Windows Server 2008 was supported until earlier this year,
           | longer than any RHEL release.
           | 
           | > you won't suffer BSoDs in 2024
           | 
           | Until you install a shitty driver for a dubious (anti)malware
           | service.
        
           | vbezhenar wrote:
           | I suggest switching to macOS. They don't allow third-party
           | kernel drivers which is already a big advantage over Windows
           | or Linux.
        
             | jve wrote:
             | Well, Microsoft tried to lock down its kernel with Windows
             | Vista and then antivirus vendors cried that they won't be
             | able to protect Windows, anticompetetive etc.
             | 
             | https://www.computerworld.com/article/1642872/q-a-
             | microsoft-...
             | 
             | https://betanews.com/2006/10/18/mcafee-ms-failing-to-
             | provide...
        
           | namtab00 wrote:
           | https://access.redhat.com/solutions/7068083
        
         | mhh__ wrote:
         | Other than a lack of redundant systems, it should be illegal to
         | roll out updates like this to more than x% of any gov stuff at
         | a time. Brute force way of avoiding correlational Armageddon.
        
         | JonChesterfield wrote:
         | Don't root kit yourself then cry about it when it falls over.
         | Problem solved.
        
         | btbuildem wrote:
         | Crowdstrike is basically corporate malware - the failure is in
         | large part with security dept deciders who signed off on
         | policies that compel people to install these viruses on their
         | work machines.
        
       | tru3_power wrote:
       | Crazy- wasn't Azure having an outage earlier today? Is this
       | related?
        
         | BLKNSLVR wrote:
         | I'd guess that it's related. Azure, OneDrive, and Office 365
         | were having issues this morning Australian time (about 6 hours
         | ago).
        
           | jdleel wrote:
           | Doesn't actually look like. Noone really figured out the
           | solution yet
        
           | tru3_power wrote:
           | If that's the case I wonder why we're only now seeing
           | everyone's systems BSODing. Should be an interesting write up
           | (if they release one)
        
       | cpf_au wrote:
       | This is effecting our company. A colleague visited her local
       | supermarket (Woolworths) and all the self-service checkouts were
       | effected.
        
         | Scoundreller wrote:
         | Silver lining?
        
       | vinura wrote:
       | Anyone has a good news? or still it's on the BSOD loop?
        
         | tgshaik wrote:
         | use windows recovery to boot into safe mode and update latest
         | crowdstrike. That is the only option at this time.
        
       | ali2724 wrote:
       | Harvey Norman's system is down
        
       | l0g4n_me wrote:
       | c:\system32\drivers\csagent.sys renaming this file on server with
       | safe mode boot fixes the issue but disables agent
        
       | jmcgough wrote:
       | My entire emergency department got knocked offline by this.
       | Really scary when you have ambulances coming in and are trying to
       | stabilize a heart attack.
       | 
       | Update: 911 is down in Oregon too, no more ambulances at least.
        
         | sexy_seedbox wrote:
         | But at least the best instant messaging app in the world
         | Microsoft Teams and the best web browser in the world Microsoft
         | Edge are working fine, right?
        
           | jmcgough wrote:
           | It's a bsod loop, so not really.
        
         | jeffrallen wrote:
         | "Always look on the bright side of life!" - M Python
        
         | spike021 wrote:
         | Do you have offline backup processes at least? Nasty situation.
        
           | jmcgough wrote:
           | We're really prepared for epic to go down and have an
           | isolated cluster that we access in emergencies. I
           | transitioned from software engineering so I've only been in
           | the ED for a year, but from what I could see there didn't
           | seem to be a plan for what to do if every computer in the
           | department bluescreened at once.
        
       | prmoustache wrote:
       | Aren't they doing canary release? Seems weird this would not have
       | been detected on a smaller scale before with a good release
       | process.
        
         | makmanalp wrote:
         | Canary releases aren't a magical bug free fix. They might be
         | doing it, but the conditions that trigger a problem can be
         | sneaky and can happen outside your canary period, rendering it
         | useless. It's a best effort method.
        
           | prmoustache wrote:
           | It depends on how global the issue is.
           | 
           | But yeah I've seen US companies for example only doing their
           | initial releases in the USA only which has zero value for
           | issues that might appear with different localization/language
           | settings for example.
        
         | ikekkdcjkfke wrote:
         | Buying 10 computers with different configurations is not hard
         | either. They are just lazy
        
       | sakopov wrote:
       | If the workstations are stuck in a boot loop, how will they be
       | able to push a hotfix out?
        
         | ernth_16 wrote:
         | what we do is safemode the PC and then open the run CMD as
         | admin. then issue this command. sc delete csagent. reinstall
         | crowdstrike using previous version.
        
           | ernth_16 wrote:
           | safemode PC i mean
        
             | ernth_16 wrote:
             | after issuing the command restart the PC it will proceed
        
           | caf wrote:
           | Not gonna be awesome for an org that has 20,000 laptops out
           | there at home with users who don't have admin...
        
         | kasabali wrote:
         | elbow grease
        
         | jaza wrote:
         | Get out and push?
        
       | ernth_16 wrote:
       | Uninstall the Current Version:
       | 
       | Open the Command Prompt as an administrator. Run the following
       | command to uninstall the current version: shell
       | 
       | sc delete csagent
        
       | rubi1945 wrote:
       | temporary fix is released
       | 
       | https://x.com/s0lst1c3/status/1814182835269337548
        
       | dalmo3 wrote:
       | Looks like this also took down half of New Zealand's economy.
       | 
       | https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/bank-problems-reports-bnz-asb-...
        
         | Taniwha wrote:
         | Satellite TV channels too
        
         | Reason077 wrote:
         | Crowdstrike must have some slick salespeople in New Zealand.
         | Seems like nearly everyone uses it. Single point of failure
         | problem.
        
           | 0x800838383 wrote:
           | CIO here. They are known to be incredibly pushy. In my
           | company we RFP'd for our endpoint & cyber security. Found the
           | CS salesperson went over me to approach our CEO who is
           | completely non-technical to try and seal a contract because I
           | was on leave for 1 week out of service (and this was known to
           | them). When I found out by our CEO informing me of the
           | approach we were happy to sign with SentinelOne
        
             | dataengineer56 wrote:
             | I got confused and thought that you were the CIO of
             | Crowdstrike until I read further into your comment.
        
               | ykonstant wrote:
               | "CIO of CS here: we suck."
        
             | sam_bristow wrote:
             | One thing I'm really happy about at my current company is
             | that when a sales person from a vendor (not Crowdstrike)
             | tried that our CEO absolutely ripped them a new one and
             | basically banned that company from being a vendor for a
             | decade.
        
             | neurotixz wrote:
             | I had a very similar experience, I was leading the
             | selection process for our new endpoint security vendor,
             | Crowdstrike people: - verbally attacked/abused a selection
             | team member - were ranting constantly about golf with our
             | execs - were dismissive and just annoying throughout -
             | raised hell with our execs when they learned they were not
             | going to POC, basically went through everyone of them
             | simultaneously - I had to get a rep kicked out of the rfp
             | as he was constantly disrespectful
             | 
             | We did not pick them, and cancelled any other relashionship
             | we had with them, in IR space by example.
        
               | yard2010 wrote:
               | It sounds like they are a bunch of shitheads type A
               | nihilists. How stereotypical.
        
             | hello_moto wrote:
             | FYI regarding S1:
             | 
             | https://www.crn.com/news/security/crowdstrike-poaches-two-
             | ex...
        
         | a4000 wrote:
         | Same in Australia
         | https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-07-19/global-it-outage-crow...
         | 
         | Banks are down so petrol stations and supermarkets are
         | basically closed. People can't check in to airline flights,
         | various government services including emergency telephone and
         | police are down. Shows how vulnerable these systems are if
         | there's just one failure point taking all those down.
        
           | afro88 wrote:
           | Banks seem fine now. At least ING and NAB.
        
           | averageRoyalty wrote:
           | 000 was never down, and most supermarkets and servos were
           | still up. It was bad, but ABC appear to not have the internal
           | capacity to validate all reports.
        
             | martyvis wrote:
             | It's pretty bad when the main ABC 7pm News Bulletin pretty
             | much had them reading from their iPads couldn't use their
             | normal studio background screens and didn't even give us
             | the weather forecast!
        
         | NomDePlum wrote:
         | Similar being reported in Australia. Can see the effects being
         | reported as other timezones become more active.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | You mean you think the update was timed and waves will hit
           | every hour for the next nearly 24h, or it's just 3AM in NYC
           | right now and under the radar?
        
             | NomDePlum wrote:
             | I think the update will be applied overnight, which is a
             | different window (no pun intended) dependent on timezone
             | and the impact will be reported when users come back online
             | (or not) and identify the issue.
             | 
             | Currently seeing this happening in real time in the UK.
        
         | nomercy400 wrote:
         | Netherlands is somewhat affected: Two main airports, Rotterdam
         | harbour, a few hospitals and news reporting.
         | 
         | Surprisingly: banks, government, police, fire department,
         | railways, buses are mostly unaffected.
         | 
         | Maybe they have a good IT department/provider.
        
           | raziel2p wrote:
           | Probably more to do with luck than being "good".
        
         | ElCapitanMarkla wrote:
         | I was at the supermarket here last night about the time it
         | kicked off. It seemed payWave was down, there were a few people
         | walking out empty handed as they only had Apple Pay, etc on
         | them. But the vast majority of people seemed fine, my chipped
         | credit card worked without issue.
        
       | jafru wrote:
       | "F8 + last known good configuration" worked for us
        
       | gamma032 wrote:
       | The biggest mistake here is running a global update on a Friday.
       | Disrespect to every sysadmin worldwide.
        
         | usr1106 wrote:
         | Disrespect to every CIO to make their business depend on a
         | single operating system, running automatic updates of system
         | software without any canaries and phased deployments.
        
           | dist-epoch wrote:
           | You're saying I should diversify my 100% Linux operation to
           | also use Windows?
        
             | ykonstant wrote:
             | Maybe some OpenBSD would be a good hedge. It can also help
             | spot over-reliance on some Linux quirks.
        
             | prmoustache wrote:
             | What makes you think windows is the only alternative? Have
             | you never heard about Gnu Hurd?
             | 
             | More seriously I am not saying you should run some critical
             | services on menuetos or riscos but the BSDs are still alive
             | and kicking as well as illumos and its derivatives. And yes
             | I think a bit of diversity allows some additional
             | resilience. It may necessitate more workforce but imho it
             | is worth the downsides.
        
             | usr1106 wrote:
             | While I believe Linux is a more reasonable operating system
             | than Windows, shit can happen everywhere.
             | 
             | So if you have truly mission critical systems you should
             | probably have more have at least 2 significantly different
             | systems, each of them being able to maintain some emergency
             | operations independently. Doing this with 2 Linux distros
             | is easier than doing it with Linux and Windows. For
             | workstations Macs could considered, for servers BSD.
             | 
             | Probably many companies will accept the risk that
             | everything goes down. (Well, they probably don't say that.
             | They say maintaining a healthy mix is too expensive.)
             | 
             | In that case you need a clearly phased approach to all
             | updates. First update some canaries used by IT. If that
             | goes well update 10% of the production. If that goes well
             | (well, you have to wait until affected employees have
             | actually worked a reasonable time) you can roll out
             | increasingly more.
             | 
             | No testing in a lab (whether at the vendor or you own IT)
             | will ever find all problems. If something slips through and
             | affects 10% of your company it's significantly different
             | from affecting (nearly) everyone.
        
         | linker3000 wrote:
         | The biggest mistake is not ringfencing this update in a test
         | environment before sign-off for general deployment.
        
           | jaza wrote:
           | Agreed. What happened to Patch Tuesdays?!
        
           | chippiewill wrote:
           | Presumably they do test their updates, they're just maybe not
           | good enough tests.
           | 
           | The ideal would be to do canary rollouts (1%, then 5%, 10%
           | etc.) to minimise blast radius, but I guess that's
           | incompatible with antiviruses protecting you from 0-day
           | exploits.
        
             | spike021 wrote:
             | While I'm usually a proponent of update waves like that, I
             | know some teams can get loose with the idea if they
             | determine the update isn't worth that kind of carefulness.
             | 
             | Not saying CS doesn't care enough but what may be a minor
             | update to the team that did this and not necessary for a
             | slow rollout is actually something that really should be
             | supervised in that way.
        
               | tetha wrote:
               | Our worst outage occurred when we were deploying some
               | kernel security patches and we grew complacent and
               | updated the main database and it's replica at the same
               | time. We had a maintenance with downtime anyway at the
               | same time, so whatever. The update worked on the other
               | couple hundred systems.
               | 
               | Except, unknown to us, our virtualization provider had a
               | massive infrastructural issue at exactly that moment
               | preventing VMs from booting back up... That wasn't a fun
               | night to failover services into the secondary DC.
        
             | rk06 wrote:
             | Was this update meant to save from a 0 day?
        
               | grumple wrote:
               | Update: change color of text in console
        
         | prmoustache wrote:
         | I don't think the day matter anymore really.
         | 
         | The issue is update rollout process, lack of diversity of these
         | kind of tools in the industry, and the absolute failure of the
         | software industry to make decent software without bug and
         | security holes.
        
         | OJFord wrote:
         | Yeah, airlines prefer mid-week chaos & grounding.
        
       | poshlandpro wrote:
       | Official CrowdStrike workarround: 1. Boot Windows into Safe Mode
       | or the Windows Recovery Environment 2. Navigate to the
       | C:\Windows\System32\drivers\CrowdStrike directory 3. Locate the
       | file matching "C-00000291*.sys", and delete it. 4. Boot the host
       | normally.
        
       | Cub3 wrote:
       | Workaround + update (within a authenticated portal)
       | 
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/crowdstrike/comments/1e6vmkf/bsod_e...
        
       | thallaran wrote:
       | all Delta flights grounded
        
       | thallaran wrote:
       | All flights grounded. World wide airline systems outage.
        
         | jjjjjjjjjjjjjjj wrote:
         | Just boarded a flight in Iceland, no mention of being grounded.
        
           | kalleboo wrote:
           | It only applies to a few US carriers
           | 
           | https://abcnews.go.com/US/american-airlines-issues-global-
           | gr...
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | " American Airlines, United and Delta have asked the FAA
             | for global ground stop on all flights, according to an
             | alert from the FAA on Friday morning.
             | 
             | The FAA is telling air traffic controllers to tell airborne
             | pilots that airlines are currently experiencing
             | communication issues."
        
       | hasindh09 wrote:
       | HP laptops are booting and its looping
       | 
       | DELL laptops are observed, after blue dump . Server is up and
       | running fine
       | 
       | Temporary workaround leads compliance issue.
       | 
       | From India
        
       | BLKNSLVR wrote:
       | Flippant commentary:
       | 
       | Thank fuck Netflix runs on Linux. I just hope the full chain from
       | my TV to Netflix is immune...
        
         | jmprspret wrote:
         | It actually runs on a lot of FreeBSD iirc
        
           | BLKNSLVR wrote:
           | Even better!
        
           | Klonoar wrote:
           | Netflix uses FreeBSD for certain parts, but IIRC it's Linux
           | outside of the streaming delivery.
           | 
           | (Some of the team members lurk around here, maybe we'll get
           | lucky and one comments)
        
             | kohukohunui wrote:
             | I'd say regardless of the OS, you might find a company like
             | Netflix is less likely to impose security-theatre box
             | ticking exercises.
             | 
             | Which makes it less likely to take a 3rd party agent from a
             | snakeoil company that sells to execs, then embed it at low
             | levels into mission critical services with elevated
             | privileges, then give it realtime external updates that can
             | break your platform at any point.
        
       | jkells wrote:
       | I don't understand why this outage and the Azure outage earlier
       | don't make it to the front page.
       | 
       | I'm getting more up to date technical details from the regular
       | media.
       | 
       | This outage looks to be huge.
        
         | wfme wrote:
         | Agreed, I assume people are flagging this post for some reason?
        
           | speedgoose wrote:
           | It's most likely the flame war filtering algorithm of HN.
           | Posts that create a lot of discussion quickly are down ranked
           | until an admin fix the rank manually, or not.
        
         | blinkersareon wrote:
         | The impact is more than huge. Our whole workforce is impacted
         | as the world's largest tech service provider.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | Y2K came 24+ years late!
        
             | DaoVeles wrote:
             | And 12 years before the Unix epoch!
        
         | Scoundreller wrote:
         | Most HNers are on the clock while browsing (for work purposes
         | of course) and forcibly afk at the moment.
        
           | d1sxeyes wrote:
           | I'd guess also a significant proportion of us are involved in
           | our company's response to the incident.
        
             | k8sToGo wrote:
             | Or we just woke up because we are on vacation
        
               | mckn1ght wrote:
               | I'm on vacation right now, but I do compile a lot of code
               | when at work
        
         | occamsrazorwit wrote:
         | This is literally a black swan event that'll be memorialized in
         | textbooks, and that's not even considering the _actual_ fallout
         | that will follow.
        
           | DaoVeles wrote:
           | That is not an understatement. This is literally the largest
           | failing of internet infrastructure to date.
           | 
           | Alas, using the internet has given us a lot of efficiency.
           | The trade off is resilience. The entire global system is more
           | brittle than ever but it what gave it such speed.
        
             | mrhhaacckk wrote:
             | It's not a failing of Internet infrastructure.
             | 
             | It's one vendor pushing out a bad update, and thousands of
             | companies with no supply chain diversity.
        
               | DaoVeles wrote:
               | I responded to another comment with this and you are
               | right, that is a fair clarification.
               | 
               | The base infrastructure worked perfectly fine. The stuff
               | on top of it, not so great.
        
             | occamsrazorwit wrote:
             | In a way, this might end up being a blessing in disguise.
             | It's an emergency drill for something potentially
             | catastrophic (e.g. massive cyberattack, solar flare), and
             | it's a large enough wake-up call that society can't just
             | ignore it.
        
               | DaoVeles wrote:
               | I hope so but never under estimate businesses to cut
               | corners to stay on top. I hope I am wrong.
        
             | urbandw311er wrote:
             | I'd argue the infrastructure of the Internet isn't to blame
             | here, it sounds like a software/config bug at Crowdstrike.
             | There are wider discussions around over-reliance on cloud-
             | based tech too. But the good old Internet can hold its head
             | up high IMHO.
        
               | DaoVeles wrote:
               | That is a fair clarification. More an issue with the
               | stuff on top of the internet.
               | 
               | As per your point, the base infrastructure is working
               | perfectly for better or worse!
        
               | soneil wrote:
               | I'm not really sure cloud has much blame here either.
               | 
               | Imagine it's 1998 and Norton push a new definition file
               | that makes NAV think kernel32 is a virus. The only real
               | difference today is that always-on means we all get the
               | update together, instead of waiting for mum to get off
               | the phone this evening.
               | 
               | We got an email this morning telling us none of our usual
               | airlines could take bookings right now. That wouldn't
               | have been much different in 1998, airline bookings have
               | been centralised for my entire lifetime.
        
             | gwervc wrote:
             | Expectations: Russia, China or North Korea will take the
             | Western tech infrastructure down.
             | 
             | Reality: the infrastructure took down itself.
        
             | Shaney02005 wrote:
             | This not Internet failure but software functuality failure
             | from a cyber security update , thios is why i never use
             | real cloud security but rather use home cloud security on
             | my Serverpc/NAS/SAN , when it crashes okay so be it i dont
             | get acces to my cloud , but i allways use a online
             | backupcloud that does not need instalation for most
             | important stuff , u should never rely on 1 softweare to do
             | all allways have backups
        
           | hnthrowaway0328 wrote:
           | Did you mean the Azure thing or CS thing? Just happened that
           | the Azure thing did not impact me as I was already off...
        
             | ricopags wrote:
             | It isn't clear at this point that the Azure thing and the
             | CS thing are unrelated
        
               | tgshaik wrote:
               | Azure issue and CS issues are separate incidents. They
               | are not related.
        
               | Shaney02005 wrote:
               | Indeed this is different , This is world wide and it does
               | not even only affect Windows pcs but with some friends of
               | mine Linux and Macs are in trouble 2 , this is not ur
               | Windows Vista BS problem etc
        
         | usr1106 wrote:
         | HN has some flame war protection I remember having read,
         | downrating some discussions where it assumes nothing useful is
         | being discussed.
         | 
         | Maybe a false positive? (100% speculation. That's the problem
         | using closed source software)
        
       | larrymcp wrote:
       | https://archive.is/AWVuv
        
         | nallerooth wrote:
         | Thanks!
        
       | protocolture wrote:
       | Dont see how anyone is getting out of this without applying the
       | workaround or reimaging their whole fleet.
        
       | kcd83 wrote:
       | Fix: Boot Windows into Safe Mode or the Windows Recovery
       | Environment Navigate to the
       | C:\Windows\System32\drivers\CrowdStrike directory Locate the file
       | matching "C-00000291*.sys", and delete it. Boot the host normally
       | 
       | Did it work for you?
        
       | LeoPanthera wrote:
       | BBC live coverage: https://www.bbc.com/news/live/cnk4jdwp49et
       | 
       | Looks like this is a big deal.
        
       | deutschlerner wrote:
       | https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/cnk4jdwp49et, seems to be quite a
       | wide impact from this, e.g. Sky News in the UK is off air!
        
         | rosege wrote:
         | So its not all bad then!
        
       | Melatonic wrote:
       | US Based and got a NANOG alert email just in time. At least half
       | our windows servers down.
       | 
       | I went into our crowdstrike policies and disabled auto update of
       | the sensor. Hopefully this means it doesnt hit everything. Double
       | check your policies!!!
       | 
       | Edit:
       | 
       | Crowdstrike has an article out on the manual fix:
       | 
       | https://supportportal.crowdstrike.com/s/article/Tech-Alert-W...
        
       | markus92 wrote:
       | All major US airlines have put in a total ground stop. No flights
       | can take off anymore.
        
         | kurthr wrote:
         | Electronic payment at grocery stores in the US is affected.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | POS down? Payment processor down?
           | 
           | Lotta different grocery stores and processors in USA. WHO?
        
           | chgs wrote:
           | I'm Amazed at that. I had no idea the US had caught up and
           | had electronic payments.
        
             | anal_reactor wrote:
             | All five payment terminals in Germany are down.
             | "Unfortunately, all online governmental services are
             | affected. All two of them" says the chancellor.
        
             | dclowd9901 wrote:
             | I'm guessing for chip reading? It's one-time transaction
             | key so I don't think it works async.
        
             | weberer wrote:
             | What are you talking about? Credit cards have been around
             | since the 1950's
        
               | Kye wrote:
               | For much of their history they were written down or
               | copied on carbon paper and manually processed by phone
               | later. Electronic processing came in the 70s and wasn't
               | universally used until much later. I saw plenty of credit
               | card imprinters in use well into the 90s when I was
               | growing up.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Credit_card_imprinter
               | 
               | Card issuers only stopped embossing them recently.
        
         | t0mas88 wrote:
         | It's morning here in Europe, departure peak time. We're still
         | flying, but...
         | 
         | The problems mean the takeoff and weight & balance data is
         | missing. It needs to be done manual by each crew. Baggage
         | handling is also manual, so that means counting bags and the
         | cabin crew counting people. Then manually calculating
         | performance data before you can take off.
         | 
         | Big delays everywhere.
        
           | maeil wrote:
           | > It's morning here in Europe, departure peak time. We're
           | still flying, but...
           | 
           | Looks like some airlines aren't flying, KLM being one of
           | them.
        
             | Klonoar wrote:
             | Is it KLM, or just the KLM flights operated by Delta (of
             | which there are a decent chunk)?
        
               | maeil wrote:
               | Sounds like it's a majority of KLM flights, so seemingly
               | it's themselves.
        
               | t0mas88 wrote:
               | KLM was flying, but all flights pass through Schiphol
               | Airport (it's their hub) and Schiphol couldn't board
               | fights for a while. Because of that they ran out of gates
               | for arriving flights, so everyone had to cancel flights
               | to avoid compounding delays. As the biggest user of
               | Schiphol that means KLM had to cancel a lot of flights.
        
           | qw wrote:
           | It's not all of Europe. The airports in Norway are operating
           | as normal. One of the airlines reported booking issues on
           | their website, but I haven't read about any other issues.
           | 
           | Some international flights have been delayed or canceled of
           | course, depending on the route.
        
           | topspin wrote:
           | > It needs to be done manual by each crew.
           | 
           | I can't imagine believing that this computation, ordinarily
           | automated by these out of service systems, can be performed
           | correctly by crews that probably haven't had to do this in
           | ... years?
        
             | t0mas88 wrote:
             | At most places there is an iPad app that does the
             | calculation locally. So it's mostly entering a lot of
             | numbers and checking that the results make sense. Usually
             | both crew members do it individually, and then cross check
             | the results.
        
         | LeoPanthera wrote:
         | Not all. Only some. And many are already lifted.
        
         | usrnm wrote:
         | All airlines in Russia are operating as usual. Sanctions work
         | in unpredictable ways
        
       | tloriato wrote:
       | GLOBAL OUTAGES
       | 
       | - Major banks, media and airlines affected by major IT outage
       | 
       | - Significant disruption to some Microsoft services
       | 
       | - 911 services disrupted in several US states
       | 
       | - Services at London Stock Exchange disrupted
       | 
       | - Sky News is off air
       | 
       | - Flights in Berlin grounded
       | 
       | - Reports the issue relates to problem at global cybersecurity
       | firm Crowdstrike
        
         | bux93 wrote:
         | Good news for crowdstrike! It shows how critical their services
         | are. Stock to go up! (And down a bit when they get sued, and up
         | a bit when they don't get sued too much, etc.)
        
           | chucky_z wrote:
           | Take a look at their stock right now.
        
             | layoric wrote:
             | Tried, "Real time quote data is not available". Big brain
             | move, can't crash the stock price if the nasdaq is
             | offline..
        
               | jakub_g wrote:
               | Google tells me "Pre-market 295.00 -48.05 (14.01%)"
        
               | llm_trw wrote:
               | That's 85.99% too high.
        
             | trollstrike wrote:
             | Yes, this has had no (statistically significant) effect.
        
               | kavaari wrote:
               | Pre-market is -12% down at the moment of writing this.
               | I'd say this definitely has an effect.
        
           | zhiQ wrote:
           | CrowdStrike achieved PMF - Product-Market Fiasco!
        
         | jen729w wrote:
         | I was just at Coles, one of Australia's big 2 supermarkets.
         | 
         | 50% of the self-serve terminals were down. Presumably the
         | others aren't far behind.
         | 
         | Total chaos.
        
         | fredoralive wrote:
         | Sky News (UK) is back on air, but they seem to have no astons /
         | chyrons / on screen graphics at all, and I don't think they're
         | able to show prerecorded material either (it's just people in
         | the studio from what I've seen), so presumably they're still
         | having _fun_ issues with their general production systems.
        
           | InsideOutSanta wrote:
           | Oh, look at that, TV has suddenly become watchable without
           | all of the scrolling garbage all over the screen.
        
             | jeffhuys wrote:
             | But my attention span! Nooo!
        
           | urbandw311er wrote:
           | Just got their ticker back at 09:42 !
        
             | fredoralive wrote:
             | Having another look in, it looks like they're overlaying a
             | static banner along the bottom rather than having a fully
             | working graphics system still (as off 11:30), as that's the
             | only graphics I've seen.
        
         | tamimio wrote:
         | I have seen some pictures shared of vending machines with
         | BSOD.. why would you have an EDR on a vending machine? To
         | protect the valuable assets?!
        
           | fredoralive wrote:
           | If the vending machine handles credit cards, wouldn't Visa /
           | Mastercard / etc. basically require it as part of their
           | security requirements? Or it's just general CYA from someone
           | that's backfired badly.
        
           | Lt_Riza_Hawkeye wrote:
           | presumably they handle credit card transactions
        
           | butlike wrote:
           | "It's a vending machine that sells back physical stolen
           | credit cards." Input the dollars, receive stolen credit card.
           | Put it next to an airport terminal for maximum impact.
        
         | telesilla wrote:
         | Schipol (Amsterdam, europe's largest) and Melbourne Airport are
         | down
        
         | kmlx wrote:
         | > - Services at London Stock Exchange disrupted
         | 
         | just their news service.
         | 
         | > The London Stock Exchange says it's working as normal - but
         | says there are problems with its RNS (regulatory news service).
         | 
         | > "RNS news service is currently experiencing a third party
         | global technical issue, preventing news from being published on
         | www.londonstockexchange.com," the statement says.
         | 
         | > "Technical teams are working to restore the service. Other
         | services across the group, including London Stock Exchange,
         | continue to operate as normal."
        
       | aenis wrote:
       | We are a major CS client, with 50k windows-based endpoints or so.
       | All down.
       | 
       | There exists a workaround but CS does not make it clear whether
       | this means running without protection or not. (The workaround
       | does get the windows boxes unstuck from the boot loop, but they
       | do appear offline in the CS host management console - which of
       | course may have many reasons).
        
         | kurthr wrote:
         | Yeah, the simple renaming .sys files in safe mode does seem
         | like it would inhibit protection.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | Renaming it .old or whatever would be what a sane person
           | does.
           | 
           | They recommended deleting the thing:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41002199
        
             | saagarjha wrote:
             | While you're at it probably delete the rest of the
             | software. Then cancel your contract.
        
               | InsideOutSanta wrote:
               | Then sue the shit out of them.
        
               | hello_moto wrote:
               | Then your hardware becomes unprotected, congratulations,
               | you won Cybersecurity award of the year.
        
           | badrabbit wrote:
           | No, the userspace program will replace it with a good
           | version.
        
         | blinkersareon wrote:
         | I think my company has more than 300k+ machines down right now
         | :)
         | 
         | SLAs will be breached anyway
        
           | Reason077 wrote:
           | Windows IT admins of the world, _now is your time_. This is
           | what you 've trained for. Everything else has led to this
           | moment. Now, go and save the world!!
        
             | 0xedd wrote:
             | Yeah, manual GUI work. Like any good MS product.
        
             | jylam wrote:
             | Or don't \o/
        
             | ahazred8ta wrote:
             | "The world will look up and shout, "Save us!" and I'll
             | whisper "No..." -- Rorschach
        
               | randerson wrote:
               | Or "log a ticket!"
        
             | mr_mitm wrote:
             | Type in those Bitlocker recovery keys for as long as you
             | can stay awake!
        
             | btbuildem wrote:
             | Or rather, go limp and demand to unionize!
        
             | anvuong wrote:
             | Probably go buy a mocha and cry in the corner :(
        
         | easytiger wrote:
         | Surely i'ts not normal practice to allow patches to be rolled
         | out without a staging/testing area on an estate of that size?
        
           | usr1106 wrote:
           | It's incredibly bad practice, but it seems to be industry
           | normal as we learned today.
        
             | easytiger wrote:
             | I wonder if the move to hybrid estates (virtual + on prem +
             | issued laptops etc) is the cause. Having worked in only on
             | prem highly secure businesses no patches would be rolled
             | out intra week without a testing cycle on a variety of
             | hardware.
             | 
             | I consider it genuinely insane to allow direct updated from
             | vendors like this on large estates. If you are behind a
             | corporate firewall there is also a limit to the impact of
             | discovered security flaws and thus reduced urgency in their
             | dissemination anyway.
        
               | phatfish wrote:
               | Most IT departments would not be patching all their
               | servers or clients at the same time when Microsoft
               | release updates. This is a pretty well followed standard
               | practice.
               | 
               | For security software updates this is not a standard
               | practice, I'm not even sure if you can configure a canary
               | update group in these products? It is expected any
               | updates are pushed ASAP.
               | 
               | For an issue like this though Crowdstrike should be
               | catching it with their internal testing. It feels like a
               | problem their customers should not have to worry about.
        
           | InsideOutSanta wrote:
           | This is insane. The company I currently work for provides
           | dinky forms for local cities and such, where the worst thing
           | that could happen is that somebody will have to wait a day to
           | get their license plates, and even we aren't this stupid.
           | 
           | I feel like people should have to go to jail for this level
           | of negligence.
        
             | elfbargpt wrote:
             | Which makes me think--are we sure this isn't malicious?
        
               | sapiogram wrote:
               | As strange as it sounds, this just seems way to
               | sophisticated to be malicious.
        
               | mr_mitm wrote:
               | Maybe someone tried to backdoor Crowdstrike and messed up
               | some shell code? It would fit and at this point we can't
               | rule it out, but there is also no good reason to believe
               | it. I prefer to assume incompetence over maliciousness.
        
               | meepmorp wrote:
               | Unfortunately, any sufficiently advanced stupidity
               | indistinguishable from malice.
        
           | mcs5280 wrote:
           | The AI said it was ok to deploy
        
             | csvm wrote:
             | I blame the Copilot
        
           | tomduncalf wrote:
           | Their announcement (see Reddit for example) says it was a
           | "content deployment" issue which could suggest it's the AV
           | definitions/whatever rather than the driver itself... so even
           | if you had gradual rollout for drivers, it might not help!
        
             | dboreham wrote:
             | It's definitely the driver itself if it blue screens the
             | kernel. Quite possibility data-sensitive of course.
        
               | rplnt wrote:
               | It might have been a long-present bug in the driver, yes,
               | but today's failure was apparently caused by content/data
               | update.
        
               | easytiger wrote:
               | In most appreciations of risk around upgrades in
               | environments with which i am familiar, changing
               | config/static data etc counts as a systemic update and is
               | controlled in the same way
        
               | dalyons wrote:
               | You would lose a lot of the benefits of a system like
               | crowdstrike if you waited to slowly roll out malware
               | definitions and rules.
        
               | easytiger wrote:
               | Survived this long without such convenience. anything
               | worth protecting lives behind a firewall anyway
        
               | baq wrote:
               | https://x.com/brody_n77/status/1814185935476863321 [0]
               | 
               | The driver can't gracefully handle invalid content - so
               | you're kinda both right.
               | 
               | [0] brody_n77 is:                  Director of OverWatch,
               | CrowdStrike Inc.
        
               | piyh wrote:
               | Looks like a great way to bypass crowd strike if I'm an
               | adversary nation state
        
               | jrochkind1 wrote:
               | I came to HN hoping to find more technical info on the
               | issue, and with hundreds of comments yours is the first I
               | found with something of interest, so thanks! Too bad
               | there's no way to upvote it to the top.
        
               | everybodyknows wrote:
               | Anyone copy the original text? Now getting: > Hmm...this
               | page doesn't exist. Try searching for something else
        
               | baq wrote:
               | I don't have the exact copy, but it said it was a
               | 'channel file' which was broken.
        
           | aenis wrote:
           | True for all systems, but AV updates are exempt from such
           | policies. When there is a 0day you want those updates landing
           | everywhere asap.
           | 
           | Things like zscaler, cs, s1 are updating all the time, nearly
           | everywhere they run.
        
             | dchftcs wrote:
             | >True for all systems, but AV updates are exempt from such
             | policies. When there is a 0day you want those updates
             | landing everywhere asap.
             | 
             | This is irrational. The risk of waiting for a few hours to
             | test in a small environment before deploying a 0-day fix is
             | marginal. If we assume the AV companies already spent their
             | sweet time testing, surely most of the world can wait a few
             | more hours on top of that.
             | 
             | Given this incident, it should be clear the downsides of
             | deploying immediately at a global scale outweigh the
             | benefits. The damage this incident caused might even be
             | more than all the ransomware attacks combined. How long to
             | take to do extra testing will depend on the specific
             | organization, but I hope nobody will allow CrowdStrike
             | trying to unilaterally impose a standard again.
        
         | the_gipsy wrote:
         | Does CS actually offer any real protection? I always thought it
         | was just feel-good software, that Windows had caught up to
         | separating permissions since after XP or so. Either one is
         | lying/scamming, but which one?
        
           | padjo wrote:
           | Every company I've ever worked at has wound up having to
           | install antivirus software to pass audits. The software only
           | ever caused problems and never caught anything. But hey, we
           | passed the audit so we're good right?
        
             | fvold wrote:
             | The real scam is the audit.
             | 
             | Many moons ago, I failed a "security audit" because
             | `/sbin/iptables --append INPUT --in-interface lo --jump
             | ACCEPT`
             | 
             | "This leaves the interface completely unfiltered"
             | 
             | Since then, I've not trusted any security expert until I've
             | personally witnessed their competence.
        
               | gonium wrote:
               | The dreaded exposed loopback interface... I'm an
               | (internal) auditor, and I see huge variations in
               | competence. Not sure what to do about it, since most
               | technical people don't want to be in an auditor role.
        
               | irusensei wrote:
               | The companies I had the displeasure of dealing with were
               | basically run by mindless people with a shell script.
        
               | l33t7332273 wrote:
               | I agree completely. It makes me wonder if other
               | engineering disciplines have this same competency issue.
        
               | finaard wrote:
               | Long time ago I was working for a web hoster, and had to
               | help customers operating web shops to pass audits
               | required for credit card processing.
               | 
               | Doing so regularly involved allowing additonal ciphers
               | for SSL we deemed insecure, and undoing other
               | configurations for hardening the system. Arguing about it
               | is pointless - either you make your system more insecure,
               | or you don't pass the audit. Typically we ended up
               | configuring it in a way that we can easily toggle those
               | two states, and reverted it back to a secure
               | configuration once the customer got their certificate,
               | and flipped it back to insecure when it was time to
               | reapply for the certification.
        
               | jfyi wrote:
               | This tracks for me. PA-DSS was a pain with ssl and early
               | tls... our auditor was telling us to disable just about
               | everything (and he was right) and the gateways took
               | forever to move to anything that wasn't outdated.
               | 
               | Then our dealerships would just disable the configuration
               | anyway.
               | 
               | It's been better in recent years.
        
             | drewlander wrote:
             | We did this at one place I used to work at. We had lots of
             | Linux systems. We installed clamAV but kept the service
             | disabled. The audit checkbox said "installed" and it
             | fulfilled the checkbox...
        
           | saagarjha wrote:
           | EDR vendors are generally lying unless they tell you anything
           | but "install us if you want to pass certification".
        
             | therein wrote:
             | My contacts abroad are saying "that software US government
             | mandated us to install on our clients and servers to do
             | business with US companies is crashing our machines".
             | 
             | When did Crowdstrike get this gold standard super seal of
             | approval? What could they be referring to?
        
           | CaliforniaKarl wrote:
           | Yes, from experience, I can say that CS does offer real
           | protection.
        
           | tecleandor wrote:
           | AFAIK, most of the people I know that deploy CrowdStrike
           | (including us) just do it to check a box for audits and
           | certifications. They don't care much about protections and
           | will happily add exceptions on places where it gives problems
           | (and that's a lot of places)
        
             | conradfr wrote:
             | What a dream business.
        
               | adamhp wrote:
               | You're so right. Pay us ludicrous sums to make your
               | auditors feel good. Crazy.
        
               | ibejoeb wrote:
               | So much of regulation is just a round-about to creating
               | business for regulatory compliance.
        
               | CoastalCoder wrote:
               | Good for profits, but it bet there are some employees who
               | feel a distinct lack of joy about their work.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | It's not about checking the boxes themselves, but the
               | shifting of liability that enables. Those security
               | companies are paid well not for actually providing
               | security, but for providing a way to say, "we're not at
               | fault, we adhered to the best security practices, there's
               | nothing we could've done to prevent the problem".
        
               | saganus wrote:
               | So in essence just a flavor of insurance?
               | 
               | Shouldn't that hit Crowdstrike's stock price much more
               | than it has then? (so far I see ~11% down which is
               | definitely a lot but it looks like they will survive).
        
               | nrr wrote:
               | Not quite. Insurance is a product that provides
               | compensation in the event of loss. Deploying CrowdStrike
               | with an eye toward enterprise risk management falls under
               | one of either changing behaviors or modifying outcomes
               | (or perhaps both).
        
               | saganus wrote:
               | They are paying with reputation and liability, no?
               | 
               | If the idea is "we'll hire Crowdstrike for CYA" when
               | things like this happen, the blame is on CS and they pay
               | with their reputation.
        
               | nrr wrote:
               | Pay for what exactly though? Cybersecurity incidents
               | result in material loss, and someone somewhere needs to
               | provide dollars for the accrued costs. Reputation can't
               | do that, particularly when legal liability (or, hell,
               | culpability) is involved.
               | 
               | EDR deployment is an outcome-modifying measure, usually
               | required as underwritten in a cybersecurity insurance
               | policy for it to be in force. It isn't itself insurance.
        
               | callalex wrote:
               | Not at all like insurance, because they don't have to pay
               | out at all when things go wrong.
        
               | tecleandor wrote:
               | In a way it's the new "nobody ever got fired for buying
               | IBM".
        
           | badrabbit wrote:
           | Yes, it offers very real protection. Crowdstrike in
           | particular is the best in the market, speaking from
           | experience and having worked with their competitor's products
           | as well and responded to real world compromises.
        
             | arjunaaqa wrote:
             | How did they fail to test such a critical bug then ?
             | 
             | Clearly shows lack of testing.
             | 
             | If intially good, probably culture & products have rotten.
             | 
             | Not fit to be in security domain, if like this.
        
               | l33t7332273 wrote:
               | I think this is more of a failure on the software
               | development side than the domain specific functionality
               | side.
        
               | jellykid wrote:
               | Hubris. Clearly they have no form of internal testing for
               | updates because this should have been caught immediately.
        
             | scblock wrote:
             | "best in the market"
             | 
             | I think the evidence shows that no, they aren't.
        
               | hello_moto wrote:
               | Go buy the second-best in the market then. Red Team would
               | love you to do that.
        
           | lucasRW wrote:
           | As a redteamer I guarantee you that a Windows endpoint
           | without EDR is caviar for us...
        
             | echoangle wrote:
             | Are there publicly known exploits which allow RCE or data
             | extraction on a default windows installation?
        
               | mr_mitm wrote:
               | Not on a fully patched system. 0-days are relatively rare
               | and fixed pretty quickly by Microsoft.
        
               | zokier wrote:
               | Remember WannaCry? The vuln it used was patched by MS two
               | months prior the attack. Yet it took the world by storm.
        
               | mr_mitm wrote:
               | Not sure what you want from me, I simply answered the
               | question. Yes I remember WannaCry.
        
               | superidiot1932 wrote:
               | How is it caviar then?
        
               | mr_mitm wrote:
               | Not the same poster, but one phase of a typical attack
               | inside a corporate network is lateral movement. You find
               | creds on one system and want to use them to log on to a
               | second system. Often, these creds have administrative
               | privileges on the second system. No vulnerabilities are
               | necessary to perform lateral movement.
               | 
               | Just as an example: you use a mechanism similar to psexec
               | to execute commands on the remote system using the SMB
               | service. If the remote system has a capable EDR, it will
               | shut that down and report the system from which the
               | connection came from to the SOC, perhaps automatically
               | isolate it. If it doesn't, an attacker moves laterally
               | through your entire network with ease in no time until
               | they have domain admin privs.
        
               | lucasRW wrote:
               | A key part of breach a network is having a beacon running
               | on their networks, and communicating out, one way or
               | another.
               | 
               | Running beacons with good EDRs is difficult, and has
               | become the most challenging aspect of most red team
               | engagements because of that.
               | 
               | No EDR, everything becomes suddenly super easy.
        
               | resfirestar wrote:
               | You don't need exploits to remotely access and run
               | commands on other systems, steal admin passwords, and
               | destroy data. All the tools to do that are built into
               | Windows. A large part of why security teams like EDR is
               | that it gives them the data to detect abuse of built-in
               | tools and automatically intervene.
        
               | jabroni_salad wrote:
               | * SMB encryption or signing not enforced
               | 
               | * NTLM/NTLMv1 enabled
               | 
               | * mDNS/llmnr/nbt-ns enabled
               | 
               | * dhcpv6 not controlled
               | 
               | * Privileged account doing plain LDAP (not LDAPS) binds
               | or unencrypted FTP connections
               | 
               | * WPAD not controlled
               | 
               | * lights out interfaces not segregated from business
               | network. Bonus points if its a supermicro which discloses
               | the password hash to unauthenticated users as a design
               | features.
               | 
               | * operational technology not segregated from information
               | technology
               | 
               | * Not a windows bug, but popular on windows: 3rd party
               | services with unquoted exe and uninstall strings, or
               | service executable in a user-writable directory.
               | 
               | I remediate pentests as well as realworld intrusion
               | events and we ALWAYS find one of these as the culprit. An
               | oopsie happening on the public website leading to an
               | intrusion is actually an extreme rarity. It's pretty much
               | always email > standard user > administrator.
               | 
               | I understand not liking EDR or AV but the alternative
               | seems to be just not detecting when this happens. The
               | difference between EDR clients and non-EDR clients is
               | that the non-EDR clients got compromised 2 years ago and
               | only found it today.
        
               | cypress66 wrote:
               | > It's pretty much always email > standard user >
               | administrator
               | 
               | What does this mean?
        
               | jabroni_salad wrote:
               | believe it or not, most users dont run around downloading
               | random screensavers or whatever. Instead they are
               | receiving phish emails, often from trusted contacts who
               | have recently been compromised using the same style of
               | message that they are used to receiving, that give the
               | attacker a foothold on the computer. From there, you can
               | use a commonly available insecure legacy protocol or
               | other privilege escalation technique to gain
               | administrative rights on the device.
        
               | JackGreyhat wrote:
               | It's the attack path.
        
               | emmelaich wrote:
               | standard user: why can't I open this pdf? It says
               | Permission Denied
               | 
               | dumb admin: let me try .... boom game over man
        
               | the8472 wrote:
               | None of those things require a kernel module with remote
               | code execution to configure properly.
        
               | jabroni_salad wrote:
               | I believe the question was 'in which ways is windows
               | vulnerable by default', and I answered that.
               | 
               | If customers wanted to configure them properly, they
               | could, but they don't. EDR will let them keep all the
               | garbage they seem to love so dearly. It doesn't just
               | check a box, it takes care of many other boxes too.
        
               | the8472 wrote:
               | At work we have two sets of computers. One gets beamed
               | down by our multi-national overlords, loaded with all
               | kinds of compliance software. The other is managed by
               | local IT and only uses windows defender, has some strict
               | group policies applied, BMCs on a separate vlans etc.
               | Both pass audits, for whatever that's worth.
        
               | apitman wrote:
               | This is the key question for me: is there a way to get
               | [most of] the security benefits of EDR without giving
               | away the keys to the kingdom.
        
               | lucasRW wrote:
               | No. If an EDR relies on userland mechanisms to monitor,
               | these userland mechanisms can easily be removed by the
               | malicious process too.
        
               | specker wrote:
               | Thanks for the list. I got this job as the network
               | administrator at a community bank 2 years ago and 9/9 of
               | these were on/enabled/not secured. I've got it down to
               | only 3/9 (dhcpv6, unquoted exe, operational tech not
               | segregated from info tech). I'm asking for free advise,
               | so feel free to ignore me, but of these three
               | unremediated vectors, which do you see as the culprit
               | most often?
        
               | jabroni_salad wrote:
               | dhcpv6 poisoning is really easy to do with metasploit and
               | creates a MITM scenario. It's also easy to fix
               | (dhcpv6guard at the switch, a domain firewall rule, or a
               | 'prefer ipv4' reg key).
               | 
               | unquoted paths are used to make persistence and are just
               | an indicator of some other compromise. There are some
               | very low impact scripts on github that can take care of
               | it
               | 
               | Network segregation, the big thing I see in financial
               | institutions is the cameras. Each one has its own shitty
               | webserver, chances are the vendor is accessing the NVR
               | with teamviewer and just leaving the computer logged in
               | and unlocked, and none of the involved devices will see
               | any kind of update unless they break. Although I've never
               | had a pentester do anything with this I consider the
               | segment to be haunted.
        
           | mr_mitm wrote:
           | Just adding my two cents: I work as a pentester and arguably
           | all of my colleagues agree that engagements where Crowdstrike
           | is deployed are the worst because it's impossible to bypass.
        
             | ajscanlan wrote:
             | valuable 2 cents
             | 
             | is there any writeups from the pentesting side of things
             | that we can read to learn more?
        
               | l33t7332273 wrote:
               | I'll say this: I did a small lab in college for a
               | hardware security class and I got a scary email from IT
               | because CrowdStrike noticed there was some program using
               | speculative execution/cache invalidation to leak data on
               | my account - they recognized my small scale example
               | leaking a couple of bytes. Pretty impressive to be
               | honest.
        
               | apitman wrote:
               | Did you have CrowdStrike installed on your personal
               | machine, or did they detect it over the network somehow?
        
               | l33t7332273 wrote:
               | We ran our code on our own accounts on the school's
               | system.
        
               | kelsey98765431 wrote:
               | Those able to write and use FUD malware do not create
               | public documentation. Crowdstrike is not impossible to
               | bypass, but for a junior security journeyman known as a
               | pentester, working for corporate interests with no budget
               | and absurdly limited scopes under contract for n-hours a
               | week for 3 weeks will never be able to do anything as
               | simple as an EDR evasion, however if you wish to actually
               | learn the basics the common practitioner of this art
               | please go study the offsec evasion class. Then go read a
               | lot of code and syscall documentation and learn assembly.
        
               | markus_zhang wrote:
               | I don't understand why you were downvoted. I'm interested
               | in what you said. When you mentioned offsec evasion
               | class, is this what you mean? It seems pretty advanced.
               | 
               | https://www.offsec.com/courses/pen-300/
               | 
               | What kind of code should I read? Actually, let me ask
               | this, what kind of code should I write first before
               | diving into this kind of evasion technique? I feel I need
               | to write some small Windows system software like
               | duplicating Process Explorer, to get familiar with Win32
               | programming and Windows system programming, but I could
               | be wrong?
               | 
               | I think I do have a study path, but it's full of gap. I
               | work as a data engineer -- the kind that I wouldn't even
               | bother to call myself engineer /s
        
             | tailspin2019 wrote:
             | By "impossible to bypass" are you meaning that it provides
             | good security? Or that it makes pen testing harder because
             | you need to be able to temporarily bypass it in order to do
             | your test?
        
               | mr_mitm wrote:
               | The first. AV evasion is a whole discipline in itself and
               | it can be anything from trivial to borderline impossible.
               | Crowdstrike definitely plays in the champions league.
        
             | CoastalCoder wrote:
             | Or you're a pentester playing 4D chess with your comment.
             | 
             | Or a CS salesperson playing 3D chess with your comment.
             | 
             | If so, well played!
        
             | sudosysgen wrote:
             | It definitely isn't impossible to bypass. It gets bypassed
             | all the time, even publicly. There's like 80 different
             | CrowdStrike bypass tricks that have been published at some
             | point. It's hard to bypass and it takes skill, and yes it's
             | the best EDR, but it's not the best solution - the best
             | solution is an architecture where bypassing the EDR doesn't
             | mean you get to own the network.
             | 
             | An attacker that's using a 0 day to get into a privileged
             | section in a properly set up network is not going to be
             | stopped by CrowdStrike.
        
           | dhjhdskj wrote:
           | Anyone who claims CS is nothing but a compliance checkbox has
           | never worked as an actual analyst, of course it's
           | effective...no, dur, its worth 50bn for no reason...god some
           | people are stupid AND loud
        
           | ta1243 wrote:
           | > Does CS actually offer any real protection? I always
           | thought it was just feel-good software, that Windows had
           | caught up to separating permissions since after XP or so.
           | Either one is lying/scamming, but which one?
           | 
           | Our ZScaler rep (basically, they technically work for us)
           | come out with massive impressive looking numbers of the
           | thousands of threats they detect and eliminate every month
           | 
           | Oddly before we had zscaler we didn't seem to have any actual
           | problems. Now we have it and while we have lots of zscaler
           | caused problems around performance and location, we still
           | don't have any actual problems.
           | 
           | Feels very much like a tiger repelling rock. But I'm sure the
           | corporate hospitality is fun.
        
         | cm2187 wrote:
         | Does it require to physically go to each machine to fix it?
         | Given the huge number of machines affected, it seems to me that
         | if this is the case, this outage could last for days.
        
           | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
           | The workaround involves booting into Safe mode or Recovery
           | environment, so I'd guess that's a personal visit to most
           | machines unless you've got remote access to the console (e.g.
           | KVM)
           | 
           | The info is apparently behind here:
           | https://supportportal.crowdstrike.com/s/article/Tech-
           | Alert-W...
        
             | rhim wrote:
             | That's crazy, imagine you have thousands of office PCs that
             | all have to be fixed by hand.
        
               | jaggederest wrote:
               | Presumably at some point they'll be back to a state where
               | they can boot to a network image, but that's going to be
               | well down the pyramid of recovery. This is basically a
               | "rebuild the world from scratch" exercise. I imagine even
               | the out of band management services at e.g. Azure are
               | running Windows and thus Crowdstrike.
        
               | amlib wrote:
               | It gets worse if your machines have bitlocker active,
               | lots of typing required. And it gets even worse if your
               | servers that store the bitlocker keys also have bitlocker
               | active and are also held captive by crowstrike lol
        
               | AgentME wrote:
               | I've already seen a few posts mentioning people running
               | into worst-case issues like that. I wonder how many
               | organizations are going to not be able to recover some or
               | all of their existing systems.
        
             | hinach4n wrote:
             | Wow, why the fuck is that support article behind a login
             | page.
        
           | CaliforniaKarl wrote:
           | Our experience so far has been:
           | 
           | * Servers, you have to apply the workaround by hand.
           | 
           | * Desktops, if you reboot and get online, CrowdStrike often
           | picks up the fix before it crashes. You might need a few
           | reboots, but that has worked for a substantial portion of
           | systems. Otherwise, it'll need a workaround applied by hand.
        
             | physicsguy wrote:
             | What happens if you've got remote staff?
        
             | Agingcoder wrote:
             | Why the difference between servers and desktops ?
        
             | e40 wrote:
             | Even once in a boot loop, it can download the fix and
             | recover?
        
           | surgical_fire wrote:
           | The Dildo of Consequences rarely comes lubed, it seems.
        
             | mrbadguy wrote:
             | This made me actually laugh out loud.
        
         | fudged71 wrote:
         | A bunch of unprotected endpoints all at once on critical
         | systems... what could possibly go wrong?
         | 
         | Hope they role out a proper fix soon...
        
           | CaliforniaKarl wrote:
           | They did, around four hours ago.
        
             | ta1243 wrote:
             | A proper fix means that a failure like this causes you a
             | headache, it doesn't close all your branches, or ground
             | your planes, or stop operations in hospitals, or take your
             | tv off air.
             | 
             | You do that by ensuring a single point of failure, like
             | virus definition updates, or an unexpected bug in software
             | which hits on Jan 29th, or when leapseconds go backwards,
             | can't affect all your machines at the same time.
             | 
             | Yes it will be a pain if half your checkin desks are
             | offline, but not as much as when they are all offline.
        
             | fudged71 wrote:
             | Except this actually was an opportunity for malicious
             | actors https://www.theregister.com/2024/07/19/cyber_crimina
             | ls_quick...
        
         | drited wrote:
         | Wow that's terrible. I'm curious as to whether your contract
         | with them allows for meaningful compensation in an event like
         | this or is it just limited to the price of the software?
        
         | m-i-l wrote:
         | > _" 50k windows-based endpoints or so. All down."_
         | 
         | I'm a dev rather than infra guy, but I'm pretty sure everywhere
         | I've worked which has a large server estate has always done
         | rolling patch updates, i.e. over multiple days (if critical) or
         | multiple weekends (if routine), not blast every single machine
         | everywhere all at once.
        
           | EdwardDiego wrote:
           | This feels like an auto-update functionality. For something
           | that's running in kernel space (presumably, if it can BSOD
           | you?) Which is fucking terrifying.
        
           | fredoralive wrote:
           | If this comment tree:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41003390 is correct,
           | someone at Crowdstrike looked at their documented update
           | staging process, slammed their beer down, and said: "Fuck it,
           | let's test it in production", and just pushed it to everyone.
        
             | averageRoyalty wrote:
             | Even if true, the orgs whose machines they are have the
             | responsibility to validate patches.
        
               | sofixa wrote:
               | This is not a patch per se, it was Crowdstrike updating
               | their virus definition or whatever it's called internal
               | database.
               | 
               | Such things are usually enabled by default to auto-
               | update, because otherwise you lose a big part of the
               | interest (if there's any) of running an antivirus.
        
               | fredoralive wrote:
               | Surely their should be at least some staging on update
               | files as well, to avoid the "oops, we accidentally
               | blacklisted explorer.exe" type things (or, indeed, this)?
        
               | saberdancer wrote:
               | Companies have staging and test process but CS bypassed
               | it and deployed to prod.
        
               | minetest2048 wrote:
               | If I understand the thread correctly, CS bypassed the
               | organization's staging system
        
               | CoastalCoder wrote:
               | I'm guessing there's a lesson to be learned here.
        
             | perlgeek wrote:
             | Which of course begs the question: How were they able to do
             | that? Was there no internal review? What about automated
             | processes?
             | 
             | For an organization it's always the easiest, most
             | convenient answer to blame a single scapegoat, maybe fire
             | them... but if a single bad decision or error from an
             | employee has this kind of impact, there's always a lack of
             | safety nets.
        
           | heraldgeezer wrote:
           | Crowdstrike auto-updates. Please do not spread misinfo.
        
         | dschuetz wrote:
         | Are you rolling out CS updates _as is_ everywhere? Are you not
         | testing any published updates immediately at least with some
         | N-1 staging involved?
        
         | averageRoyalty wrote:
         | I don't mean this to be rude or as an attack, but do you just
         | auto update without validation?
         | 
         | This appears to be a clear fault from the companies where the
         | buck stops - those who _use_ CS and should be validating
         | patches from them and other vendors.
        
           | sunbum wrote:
           | I'm pretty sure crowdstrike autoupdates, with 0 option to
           | disable or manually rollout updates. Even worse people
           | running N-1 and N-2 channels also seem to have been impacted
           | by this.
        
             | averageRoyalty wrote:
             | My point stands then. If you're applying kernel grade
             | patches on machines which you knowingly cannot disable or
             | test, that's just simple negligence.
        
               | rjmunro wrote:
               | I think it's probably not a kernel patch per se. I think
               | it's something like an update to a data file that
               | Crowdstrike considers low risk, but it turns out that the
               | already-deployed kernel module has a bug that means it
               | crashes when it reads this file.
        
               | everybodyknows wrote:
               | Which suggests the question: What's the current state of
               | "fuzz testing" within the Crowdstrike dev org?
        
           | aenis wrote:
           | Apparently, CS and ZScaler can apply updates on their own and
           | thats by design, with 0day patches expected to be deployed
           | the minute they are announced.
        
           | heraldgeezer wrote:
           | CS, S1, Zscaler etc auto updates and they have to. Thats the
           | point of the product. If they dont get definitions they
           | cannot protect.
        
             | averageRoyalty wrote:
             | Why do they "have to"? Why can't company sysadmins at
             | minimum configure rolling updates or have a 48 hour
             | validation stage - either of which would have caught this.
             | Auto updating external kernel level code should never ever
             | be acceptable.
        
               | jrochkind1 wrote:
               | If you have a 48 hour window on updating definitions,
               | your machines all have 48 extra hours they are vulnerable
               | to 0-days.
        
               | denton-scratch wrote:
               | But isn't that a fairly tiny risk, compared with letting
               | a third party meddle with your kernel modules without
               | asking nicely? I've never been hit by a zero-day (unless
               | Drupageddon counts).
        
               | jrochkind1 wrote:
               | I would say no, it's definitely not a tiny risk. I'm
               | confused what would lead you to call getting exploited by
               | vulnerabilities a tiny risk -- if that were actually
               | true, then Crowdstrike wouldn't have a business!
               | 
               | Companies get hit by zero days all the time. I have
               | worked for one that got ransomwared as a result of a zero
               | day. If it had been patched earlier, maybe they wouldn't
               | have gotten ransomwared. If they start _intentionally_
               | waiting two extra days to patch, the risk obviously goes
               | up.
               | 
               | Companies get hit by zero day exploits daily, more often
               | than Crowdstrike deploys a bug like this.
               | 
               | It's easy to say you should have done the other thing
               | when something bad happens. If your security vendor was
               | not releasing definitions until 48 hours later than they
               | could have, when some huge hack happened becuase of that
               | obviously the internet commentary would say they were
               | stupid to be waiting 48 hours.
               | 
               | But if you think the risk of getting exploited by a
               | vulnerability is less than the risk of being harmed by
               | Crowdstrike software, and you are a decision maker at
               | your organization, then obviously your organization would
               | not be a Crowdstrike customer! That's fine.
        
               | kchr wrote:
               | CS doesn't _force_ you to auto-upgrade the sensor
               | software - there is quite some FUD thrown around at this
               | moment. It 's a policy you can adjust and apply to
               | different sets of hosts if needed. Additionally, you can
               | choose if you want the latest version or a number of
               | versions behind the latest version.
               | 
               | What you cannot choose, however - at least to my
               | knowledge - is whether or not to auto-update the release
               | channel feed and IOC/signature files. The crashes that
               | occured seems to have been caused by the kernel driver
               | not properly handling invalid data in these auxilliary
               | files, but I guess we have to wait on/hope for a post-
               | mortem report for a detailed explanation. Obviously, only
               | the top-paying customers will get those details...
        
         | purpleblue wrote:
         | Do you need to manually fix all your windows boxes? Or is there
         | a way to update it remotely?
        
         | 1oooqooq wrote:
         | stop the pandering. you know very well crowdstrike doesn't
         | offer good protection to begin with!
         | 
         | everyone pay for legal protection. after it happens you can
         | show you did everything, which means nothing (well now this
         | show even worse than nothing), by showing you paid them.
         | 
         | if they tell you to disable everything, what does it change?
         | they're still your blame shield. which is the reason you have
         | cs.
         | 
         | ... the only real feature anybody care is inventory control.
        
           | hello_moto wrote:
           | Quite a few people in this thread disagree with you though.
        
       | martypitt wrote:
       | Discussed more thoroughly here:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41002195 (Not sure why
       | that's not on the frontpage)
        
         | mirekrusin wrote:
         | Because ppl are locked out to say they are locked out.
        
         | pvg wrote:
         | Probably shoved off by the flamewar detector.
        
       | itsgrimetime wrote:
       | I just landed at SeaTac an hour ago and the rideshare/app pickup
       | was absolutely nutso. Like thousands of people standing around
       | waiting for taxis and Ubers. The one person I asked what was
       | going on said that the computer systems at all the regional
       | hotels are down (not sure how that makes more people need cabs).
       | Wonder if it's from this
        
         | itsgrimetime wrote:
         | Just realized this is posted on the SeaTac website now: " SEA
         | is experiencing temporary issues with the system that populates
         | flight and baggage information on in terminal screens and the
         | flySEA app/website. Travelers are recommended to check with
         | their airlines for current gate and baggage claim information.
         | Check With Your Airlines"
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | I remember when my big regional train system had like 95% of
           | its morning trains cancelled overnight due to a big snowstorm
           | in 2014.
           | 
           | Of course, no news on its websites or socials because those
           | people didn't start until 9am.
           | 
           | I think they finally fixed that.
        
         | Klonoar wrote:
         | _> just landed at SeaTac an hour ago and the rideshare /app
         | pickup was absolutely nutso. Like thousands of people standing
         | around waiting for taxis and Ubers._
         | 
         | So a normal day at SeaTac?
        
       | ThePhysicist wrote:
       | If it's true that a bad patch was the reason for this I assume
       | someone, or multiple people, will have a really bad day today.
       | Makes me wonder what kind of testing they have in place for
       | patches like this, normally I wouldn't expect something to go out
       | immediately to all clients but rather a gradual rollout. But who
       | knows, Microsoft keeps their master keys on a USB stick while
       | selling cloud HSM so maybe Crowdstrike just yolos their critical
       | software updates as well while selling security software to the
       | world.
        
         | nilsb wrote:
         | Who needs testing when apologizing to your customers is
         | cheaper?
        
           | falcor84 wrote:
           | I would assume that its enterprise customers have an uptime
           | SLA as part of their contract, and that breaching it isn't
           | very cheap for Crowdstrike.
        
             | perbu wrote:
             | Software doesn't have uptime guarantees. They might have
             | time-to-fix on critical issues, though.
             | 
             | I assume this is gross negligence, which would leave them
             | open to claims made through courts, though.
        
             | jsiepkes wrote:
             | I highly doubt their SLA says something about compensating
             | for damages. At most you won't have to pay for the time
             | they were down.
             | 
             | And even more ironically; A botched update doesn't mean
             | they are down. It means you are down. So I don't even think
             | their SLA applies to this.
        
               | InsideOutSanta wrote:
               | Yeah, they'll pay with "credits" for the downtime, if
               | what is currently happening even technically qualifies as
               | downtime.
        
           | agrajag wrote:
           | Reputational damage from this is going to be catastrophic.
           | Even if that's the limit of their liability it's hard not to
           | see customers leaving en masse.
        
             | dandanua wrote:
             | The company will perish, there is no doubt in that.
        
               | icelancer wrote:
               | Extremely unlikely. This isn't the first blowup
               | Crowdstrike has had; though it's the worst (IIRC),
               | Crowdstrike is "too big to fail" with tons of enterprise
               | customers who have insane switching costs, even after
               | this nonsense.
               | 
               | Unfortunately for all of us, Crowdstrike will be around
               | for awhile.
        
               | zik wrote:
               | Businesses would be crazy to continue with Crowdstrike
               | after this. It's going to cause billions in losses to a
               | huge number of companies. If I was a risk assessment
               | officer at a large company I'd be speed dialling every
               | alternative right now.
        
               | ajscanlan wrote:
               | it would be crazy not to at least investigate migration
               | paths away from Crowdstrike, or better redundancies for
               | yourself
        
               | hello_moto wrote:
               | Cybersecurity industry has regular and annual security
               | testing/competitions done by various Organizations that
               | simulates tons of attacks.
               | 
               | Vendors are tested against these cases and graded with
               | their effectiveness.
               | 
               | I heard Crowdstrike is "best-in-market" for good reasons
               | as others who have more deep knowledge of the industry
               | have shared in this thread.
        
               | esskay wrote:
               | Nah they'll be fine. It happened 7 months ago on a
               | smaller scale, people forgot about that pretty quickly.
               | 
               | You don't ditch the product over something like this as
               | the alternative is mass hacking.
        
               | daemin wrote:
               | As someone said earlier in these comments the software is
               | required if you want to operate with government entities.
               | So until that requirement changes it is not going
               | anywhere and continues to print money for the company.
        
               | bdd8f1df777b wrote:
               | Surely there are more than one anti-virus that can check
               | the audit box?
        
               | daemin wrote:
               | From experiencing different AV products at various jobs,
               | they all use kernel level code to do their thing, so any
               | one of them can have this situation happen.
        
               | camdenreslink wrote:
               | Presumably those other companies try running things at
               | least once before pushing it to the entire world though.
        
               | daemin wrote:
               | I'd kind of expect IT administrators to try out these
               | updates on a staging machine before fully deploying to
               | all critical systems. But here we are.
        
               | linksnapzz wrote:
               | You, the admin, _don 't get to see what Falcon is doing
               | before it does it_.
               | 
               | Your security ppl. have a dashboard that might show them
               | alerts from selected systems if they've configured it,
               | but Crowdstrike central can send commands to agents
               | without any approval whatsoever.
               | 
               | We had a general login/build host at my site that users
               | began having terrible problems using. Configure/compile
               | stuff was breaking all the time. We thought...corrupted
               | source downloads, bad compiler version, faulty
               | RAM...finally, we started running repeated test builds.
               | 
               | Guy from our security org then calls us. He says:
               | "Crowdstrike thinks someone has gotten onto linux host
               | <host>, and has been trying to setup exploits for it and
               | other machines on the network; it's been killing off the
               | suspicious processes but they keep coming back..."
               | 
               | We had to explain to our security that it was a machine
               | where people were expected to be building software, and
               | that perhaps they could explain this to CS.
               | 
               | "No problem; they'll put in an exception for that
               | particular use. Just let us know if you might running
               | anything else unusual that might trigger CS."
               | 
               | TL;DR-please submit a formal whitelist request for every
               | single executable on your linux box so that our
               | corporate-mandate spyware doesn't break everyone's
               | workflow with no warning.
        
               | hello_moto wrote:
               | EDR stands for Endpoint Detection and Response.
               | 
               | People don't realize there's that last bit: Response,
               | what do you do when something is Detected.
               | 
               | That's your Admin setup.
        
               | bdd8f1df777b wrote:
               | Some of them might have saner rollout strategy and/or
               | better quality control.
        
               | hello_moto wrote:
               | AV definition needs to be roll out quickly for 0day.
               | 
               | Developers aren't used to security lifecycle so quite a
               | few commenters in this thread equates SDLC and Security
        
               | pbasista wrote:
               | But then, if what you say is true and their software is
               | indeed mandatory in some context, they also have no
               | incentive or motivation to care about the quality of
               | their product, about it bringing actual value or even
               | about it being reliable.
               | 
               | They may just misuse this unique position in the market
               | and squeeze as much profit from it as possible.
               | 
               | The mere fact that there exists such a position in the
               | market is, in my opinion, a problem because it creates an
               | entity which has a guaranteed revenue stream while having
               | no incentive to actually deliver material results.
        
               | daemin wrote:
               | If the government agencies insist on using this
               | particular product then you're right. If it's a choice
               | between many such products than there should be some
               | competition between them.
        
               | pbalcer wrote:
               | Is the alternative "mass hacking"? I thought all this
               | software did was check a box on some compliance list. And
               | slow down everyone's work laptop by unnecessarily
               | scanning the same files over and over again.
        
               | hello_moto wrote:
               | I assume you're not in Sec industry?
               | 
               | This sounds like someone who said "dropbox ain't hard to
               | implement"
        
               | alch- wrote:
               | I mean, Boeing is still around...
        
               | tcmart14 wrote:
               | While it probably should, I regret to inform you that
               | SolarWinds is still alive and well.
        
             | junto wrote:
             | Ironically some /r/wallstreetbets poster put out an ill-
             | informed "due diligence" post 11 hours ago concerning
             | CrowdStrike being not worth $83 billion and placing puts on
             | the stock.
             | 
             | Everybody took the piss out of them for the post. Now they
             | are quite likely to become very rich.
             | 
             | https://www.reddit.com/r/wallstreetbets/s/jJ6xHewXXp
        
               | BoringTimesGang wrote:
               | A convenient alibi?
        
               | RateMyPE wrote:
               | That user is the equivalent of using a screwdriver to
               | look for gold and succeeding.
        
               | persedes wrote:
               | What's even better is the reaction here: https://www.redd
               | it.com/r/sysadmin/comments/1e6vx6n/comment/l...
        
               | deliveryboyman wrote:
               | Not sure what material in their post is ill-informed.
               | Looks like what happened today is exactly what that
               | poster warned of in one of their bullet points.
        
               | rozap wrote:
               | Yea, everyone is dunking on OP here. But they essentially
               | said that crowdstrike's customers were all vulnerable to
               | something like this. And we saw a similar thing play out
               | only a few years ago with SolarWinds. It's not surprising
               | that this happened. Ofc with making money the timing is
               | the crucial part which is hard to predict.
        
           | dclowd9901 wrote:
           | And when it's more costly for customers to walk back the
           | mistake of adopting your service.
           | 
           | Yeah, I get the impression a lot of SaaS companies operate on
           | this model these days. We just signed with a relatively
           | unknown CI platform, because they were available for support
           | during our evaluation. I wonder how available they'll be when
           | we have a contract in place...
        
           | helsinkiandrew wrote:
           | As at 4am NY time CRWD has lost $10Bn (~13%) in marketcap. Of
           | course they've tested, but just not enough for this issue (as
           | is often the case).
           | 
           | This is probably several seemingly non consequential issues
           | coming together.
           | 
           | I'm not sure why though, when the system is this important
           | that even successfully tested updates aren't rolled out
           | piecemeal though (or perhaps it has and we're only seeing the
           | result of partial failures around the world)
        
             | tehlike wrote:
             | Testing is never enough. In fact, it won't catch 99% of
             | issues by the virtue of them often testing happy paths
             | only, or that they test what humans can think of, and by no
             | means they are exhaustive.
             | 
             | A robust canarying mechanism is the only way you can limit
             | the blast radius.
             | 
             | Set up A/B testing infra at the binary level so you can
             | ship updates selectively and compare their metrics.
             | 
             | Been doing this for more than 10 years now, it's the ONLY
             | way.
             | 
             | Testing is not.
        
               | wwtrv wrote:
               | Depends on what you mean by enough. It should be more
               | than enough to catch issues like this one specifically.
               | 
               | If they can't even manage that they'll fail at your
               | approach as well.
        
               | tehlike wrote:
               | Canary offers more bang for the buck, and is much easier
               | to set up. So I kind of disagree.
        
               | wwtrv wrote:
               | > Canary offers more bang for the buck
               | 
               | I'm not sure that justifies potentially bricking the
               | devices of hundreds(?) of your clients by shipping
               | untested updates to them. Of course it depends... and
               | would require deeper financial analysis.
        
               | tehlike wrote:
               | They won't be able to test exhaustively every failure
               | mode that could lead to such issues.
               | 
               | That's why canaries are easier and more "economical" to
               | implement and gives better value per unit effort.
        
               | Capricorn2481 wrote:
               | But they can test obvious failure modes like this one.
               | You need both.
        
           | kjkjadksj wrote:
           | Exactly. They knocked half the world offline probably killed
           | thousands in ERs and the stock is only down to about June
           | lows.
        
           | krspnda wrote:
           | hah that tweet was one heck of an apology. "we deployed a fix
           | to the issue, speak with your customer rep"
        
             | hello_moto wrote:
             | Unfortunately cybersecurity still revolves around
             | obscurity.
        
         | jachee wrote:
         | Here's hoping they start from the top.
         | 
         | They won't, but hope springs eternal.
        
         | cen4 wrote:
         | Doesn't matter what testing exists. More scale. More
         | complexity. More Bugs.
         | 
         | Its like building a gigantic factory farm. And then realizing
         | that environment itself is the birthing chamber and breeding
         | ground of superbugs with the capacity to wipe out everything.
         | 
         | I used to work at a global response center for big tech once
         | upon a time. We would get hundreds of issues, we couldn't
         | replicate cause we literally have to set up our own govt or
         | airline or bank or telco to test certain things.
         | 
         | So I used to joke with the corporate robots to just hurry up
         | and take over govts, airlines, banks and telcos already, cause
         | thats the only path to better control.
        
           | jonathanstrange wrote:
           | Testing + a careful incremental rollout in stages is the
           | solution. Don't patch all systems world-wide at once, start
           | with a few, add a few more, etc. Choose them randomly.
        
           | roemerb wrote:
           | > Its like building a gigantic factory farm. And then
           | realizing that environment itself is the birthing chamber and
           | breeding ground of superbugs with the capacity to wipe out
           | everything.
           | 
           | Factorio player detected
        
         | tempaway4575144 wrote:
         | Sounds like it was a 'channel file' which I think is akin to an
         | av definition file that caused the problem rather than an
         | actual software change. So they must have had a bug lurking in
         | their kernel driver which was uncovered by a particular channel
         | file. Still, seems like someone skipped some testing.
         | 
         | https://x.com/George_Kurtz/status/1814235001745027317
         | 
         | https://x.com/brody_n77/status/1814185935476863321
        
           | JonChesterfield wrote:
           | The parser crashing the system on a malformed input file
           | strongly suggests their software stack in general is trash
        
             | Sohcahtoa82 wrote:
             | Sounds like something a fuzzer likely would have found
             | pretty quickly.
        
               | camdenreslink wrote:
               | How about a try-catch block? The software reading the
               | definition file should be minimally resilient against
               | malformed input. That's like programming 101.
        
               | caput770 wrote:
               | A badpage fault in a kernel driver doesn't exactly
               | recover from exceptions like that
        
       | joeldo wrote:
       | The impact of this will be profound!
       | 
       | Obviously bugs are inevitable, but why this wasn't progressively
       | rolled out is beyond me.
        
         | kondro wrote:
         | My understanding is that multiple recent versions are affected.
        
         | davros wrote:
         | Yeah, progressive rollout would have dramatically reduced the
         | impact, I think that should be mandatory for any of these
         | systems.
        
       | raverbashing wrote:
       | Are people counting this on the Windows TCO?
        
         | raggi wrote:
         | they have kernel modules for macos and linux too afaik, so i
         | wouldn't be counting those chickens too fast
        
           | crycombinator wrote:
           | I would expect this to be a kernel specific bug. I'm on a
           | company laptop with falcon, and we have linux systems using
           | the same, no signs of problems so far.
        
         | Kwpolska wrote:
         | It's not Microsoft's fault someone installed third-party
         | spyware/malware on their systems.
        
       | mrdeveloper16 wrote:
       | Go to advance repair option then advanced open cmd. Go to
       | windows/system32/drivers/crowdstrike. Then list all the file and
       | delete file name having 291 at the end using cmd "del
       | filenameendingwith291"
        
       | RedShift1 wrote:
       | This is why you don't make changes on a Friday. Lots of weekends
       | absolutely ruined now.
        
         | mirekrusin wrote:
         | Early weekend here :D
        
       | YoboDev wrote:
       | All US flights are grounded too. The people I was traveling with
       | cant check into hotels
        
       | lpcvoid wrote:
       | Maybe the world can finally reconsider their use of software
       | products that cater to security theater. And the politics in
       | companies which lead to things like this being introduced
       | ("nobody gets fired for buying IBM").
       | 
       | Edit: took out a bit of snark.
        
         | westpfelia wrote:
         | I dont know how CS is considered snake oil. Or what IBM has to
         | offer. CS and S1 are really just the best out there.
        
           | kasabali wrote:
           | well, apparently they aren't
        
           | lpcvoid wrote:
           | "Endpoint protection" is just the new, hip term for
           | antivirus/intrusion prevention/incident logging of the past.
           | Why not provide immutable Linux based machines (like
           | Chromebooks, Fedora Silverblue) which are locked down outside
           | of the browser? I am aware that this isn't possible in some
           | areas of the industry that rely on large amounts of Windows-
           | only desktop software, but in many cases it may be worth a
           | thought.
           | 
           | If I am being naive here, happy to hear other opinions. But I
           | hate opening my company Windows laptop and having the fans
           | turn to 11 just because some "security" software is parsing
           | random files for malicious signatures or running an update
           | that BSOD loops.
        
           | hcs wrote:
           | The IBM quip is an old saying: pick the dominant vedor
           | because even if it's a mistake no one will blame you for it.
        
       | crazytony wrote:
       | Have spent all my afternoon and all evening on a bridge trying to
       | support flailing systems. Was supposed to be on a plane in 5
       | hours to start my vacation. Guaranteed it's not gonna happen.
       | 
       | With hearing 911 and other safety critical systems going down, I
       | hope that the worst that comes out of this is a couple delayed
       | flights and a couple missed bank payments.
        
         | baq wrote:
         | Good news (um, as in better than the bad news today) is the
         | plane won't be taking off anyway, so you're golden.
        
       | tamimio wrote:
       | OTA update went wrong? How can an update go live without proper
       | testing for the millions of live connected endpoints?
        
         | pageandrew wrote:
         | Can they recover this OTA considering the systems can't even
         | boot?
        
           | DaoVeles wrote:
           | So far requires going into recovery mode and removing/rename
           | the cloud strike executable. Then you can boot into Windows
           | from there, it will probably be a sys admin thing dependent
           | on the organisation setup.
        
           | tamimio wrote:
           | I'm sure the patch itself can be fixed, and there will be a
           | workaround to boot up the machine to fix it. My only concern
           | is the BitLocker keys. If the hard drive is encrypted by
           | Windows and assuming no backup for that key has been done,
           | the system admins will have to activate their disaster
           | recovery plans for these devices, and I hope they have that
           | too, but hope isn't a strategy!
        
             | pageandrew wrote:
             | Why would the BitLocker keys not be recoverable?
        
               | tamimio wrote:
               | If the keys aren't backed up, you will be locked out of
               | the system, and as soon as you try to boot into the safe
               | mode to perform that workaround, you will be asked to
               | enter it manually (or if you have it back it up on a USB
               | drive), if you don't have, or don't know the key, you
               | will have an encrypted drive with all of your data locked
               | there.
        
       | sneak wrote:
       | Maybe one day we will stop giving RCE to so many vendors via auto
       | update.
        
         | attentive wrote:
         | I am going to stop saying this but people don't realize CS has
         | an official RCE as a feature. As in run remote commands as
         | root/admin on windows or linux/mac through their web.
        
       | Havoc wrote:
       | This is why I subscribe to /r/sysadmin despite not being one ...
       | like a canary in the coalmine for stuff like this
        
       | kitd wrote:
       | A reminder why switching off auto-update is a thing.
        
         | seanieb wrote:
         | It looks like it wasn't a software update, it was a AV
         | definitions update, so internal to the CA application.
        
           | kitd wrote:
           | True, though tbf it's still part of the running system.
           | 
           | I read that many of those affected are global orgs. When I
           | worked at an oil major, everything was tested to oblivion
           | before going into production in the DCs, the reason being to
           | avoid precisely this kind of situation where at all possible.
           | There were clusters set aside for operational acceptance
           | testing to ensure everything, from business application right
           | down to kernel, ran successfully. The idea of leaving auto-
           | update on in any production system was unthinkable. Yet here
           | we are.
        
             | balex wrote:
             | Admin: We should turn off the AV auto update in prod and
             | test it in staging first.
             | 
             | Manager/CISO: That would increase our exposure time on zero
             | day vulnerabilities. Overruled.
        
       | bb123 wrote:
       | There appears to be a workaround but my question is how are they
       | going to get all of these endpoints out of a BSOD loop?
        
         | DaoVeles wrote:
         | Might need to manually do it. Depends on if there is any lower
         | level admin access than windows for each system.
        
       | chad1n wrote:
       | The antivirus did its job, now you can't get viruses. Jokes
       | aside, I've checked their website and it was full of AI buzzwords
       | so I guess that happens when you focus on nonsense instead of
       | what your customers actually need (I know that all antiviruses
       | have a machine learning component, but usually you don't
       | advertise it as some sort of AI to get better stocks).
        
         | Kwpolska wrote:
         | All antivirus software is indistinguishable from malware.
        
           | chgs wrote:
           | I have never seen malware take half the worlds IT systems
           | offline, even in the days of code red and slammer
        
             | rasz wrote:
             | Blaster legit took down over half of computers on the
             | internet.
        
               | chgs wrote:
               | But the effects on society were far less because "online"
               | wasn't synonymous to "internet"
        
         | meigwilym wrote:
         | I think the AI talk is just the fashion now amongst C-level
         | execs. Their product - no matter what it does - suddenly
         | _needs_ some sort of AI integration.
        
       | chall84321 wrote:
       | i work liquor distribution in the united states and our entire
       | company is out across 44 states, allegedly due to this "crowd
       | strike outage"
        
       | nmcveity wrote:
       | This gem from the ABC news coverage has my mind 100% boggled:
       | 
       | "711 has been affected by the outage ... went in to buy a
       | sandwich and a coffee and they couldn't even open the till.
       | People who had filled up their cars were getting stuck in the
       | shop because they couldn't pay."
       | 
       | Can't even take CASH payment without the computer, what a world!
        
         | timthorn wrote:
         | At least they'd take cash if the computer wasn't broken. That's
         | getting quite rare in the UK.
        
           | physicsguy wrote:
           | Not really? I've only really seen people not taking cash at
           | trendy street food stalls and bougie coffee shops, pretty
           | much everywhere else does.
        
             | orf wrote:
             | In London it's really common
        
               | physicsguy wrote:
               | At where though? The example given was in 711 which is a
               | nationwide chain a bit like a Tesco Express or
               | Sainsbury's Local, both of which still accept cash
               | nationwide in the UK too.
        
               | xdennis wrote:
               | Aldi, apparently. That's where Piers Corbyn couldn't buy
               | strawberries with cash. https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-
               | news/piers-corbyn-splits-op...
        
             | timthorn wrote:
             | Not just indie coffee shops - chains too. Pubs, clothes
             | shops... Even the Raspberry Pi store
        
             | jeffhuys wrote:
             | Netherlands is the worst at this. More and more "PIN ONLY".
             | Also more and more tight rules about how much you're
             | allowed to have.
             | 
             | Luckily I can just give someone a paper wallet containing
             | crypto. No transactions, no traceability, no rules.
        
         | Scoundreller wrote:
         | Technically a payment terminal can go into island mode and take
         | offline credit card transactions and post them later. PIN can
         | be verified against the card.
         | 
         | Depends if the retailer wants to take the chance of all that.
        
           | nielsole wrote:
           | That is if the terminal is not dead itself
        
             | sgammon wrote:
             | The terminal is probably not running Crowdstrike...
        
               | j-bos wrote:
               | You might be surprised..
        
               | kristjansson wrote:
               | Terminal running Windows? Someone is going to make it run
               | Crowdstrike too.
        
               | jeffhuys wrote:
               | Dude. SO MUCH STUFF runs on Windows.
        
               | sgammon wrote:
               | "Probably" is a load bearing word
        
           | jimmydorry wrote:
           | Good luck putting a payment terminal into island mode when
           | it's in a bluescreen loop.
        
           | thyrsus wrote:
           | Not this time. Use paper, pen, and a non-electronic cash box.
        
           | Ekaros wrote:
           | Terminal is probably fine, the machine that tells it number
           | to charge is dead... And it is probably not even setup to
           | accept manual payment inputs.
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | Yeah, all depends on how much config you want to allow
             | employees to do, but I'm sure the functionality is there if
             | you wish to enable it.
        
               | robotnikman wrote:
               | Having worked with some of these retail systems, yes, it
               | depends on how they are configured.
               | 
               | There are stores in many places in the country with
               | sporadic internet or where outages are not uncommon, and
               | where you would want to configure the terminals to still
               | work while offline. In these cases, the payment terminals
               | can be configured to take offline transactions, and they
               | are stored locally on the lane or a server located in the
               | store until a connection to the internet is re-
               | established.
        
         | skerit wrote:
         | I'm seeing several reports of things like being unable to buy
         | tickets for the train on-line in Belgium.
         | 
         | They use Windows as a part of their server infrastructure?
        
       | bamboozled wrote:
       | The world just became a slightly better place.
        
       | rwmj wrote:
       | Can someone explain what Crowdstrike actually is? Reading
       | Wikipedia it seems to be some sort of anti-virus software?
        
         | evgen wrote:
         | It is one of the best systems available for realtime protection
         | of windows systems against various threat actors. Prior to
         | today you could probably have said 'no one gets fired for
         | recommending Crowdstrike as the security tool for the company.'
         | It is everywhere and in particular if you are a large org with
         | a lot of Windows seats you are likely a Crowdstrike customer.
        
           | rwmj wrote:
           | _> realtime protection of windows systems against various
           | threat actors_
           | 
           | So it's AV + a firewall? What does it actually do?
        
             | zelos wrote:
             | Consume a lot of CPU and occasionally delete development
             | build artifacts?
        
               | steve1977 wrote:
               | Sounds just like your average antivirus then.
        
               | lizknope wrote:
               | What the heck is it doing? My work laptop fan always
               | seems to be blasting air whether it is 10pm or 3am. It's
               | in a reboot loop now so I just shut it off.
               | 
               | All my Linux machines are all quiet when nothing is
               | running. In contrast I go to the bathroom at 10pm or 3am
               | and the work laptop fan is blasting. I've logged and see
               | some other security stuff taking up CPU cycles but it
               | happens at least a few times an hour. I wonder how much
               | electricity the world is wasting with this crap.
               | 
               | When I first got the laptop when I started this job 5
               | years ago I thought it must be infected with malware
               | because it was always running the fan so I put it in a
               | separate VLAN so it can't attack my home Linux machines.
               | IT told me it is security software. Who knew that the
               | cyber attack would come from inside the security
               | software.
        
             | choeger wrote:
             | It massively increases your attack surface but lets you
             | tick the "cybersecurity" box on your audit. It's a good
             | trade for many people, it seems.
        
               | hnthrowaway0328 wrote:
               | Can you please elaborate on the increases in attack
               | surface? I know it's a kernel driver so maybe that's what
               | meant?
        
               | everfrustrated wrote:
               | You're giving a third-party company remote admin access
               | to all your systems (by their ability to push their own
               | code updates to your systems).
        
               | zo1 wrote:
               | Some of these services go even further. One time, our IT
               | department was being sales-bombed with a service that
               | would remove our actual login credentials to servers, and
               | then "for security" we'd access said servers using a MITM
               | website kind of thing that would be behind our corporate
               | AD-login. I didn't even find out the full intricate
               | details before telling them to "nope this the fuck out"
               | and stay away with a 10-ft pole.
               | 
               | It's like these people have nothing better to do with
               | their time and just absolutely have to have to design and
               | build a product for the sake of it, and then dump it on
               | marketing for > 0 amounts of sales through pretty-much
               | wearing IT departments down. Or in the case of this
               | Crowdstrike thing, through the protection racket known as
               | security audit compliance.
        
               | LikesPwsh wrote:
               | I'm mandated to use one of those.
               | 
               | The security tradeoffs don't make sense at all once you
               | understand how it works.
               | 
               | Ssh or winrm are significantly more secure than whatever
               | some security vendor thinks will tick an audit box.
               | 
               | 10ft pole is an excellent approach.
        
             | dboreham wrote:
             | ptraces all processes and feeds the resulting logs through
             | some regex looking for suspicious patterns.
        
               | ikekkdcjkfke wrote:
               | So it exists because nobody has any idea what the
               | execution graph of their programs are, and CS is down
               | because of that too.. Do we really need this level of
               | dynamism in our programs?
        
             | pjc50 wrote:
             | It injects itself into (at least) every executable startup
             | and every executable write to disk. It's quite noticeable
             | if you have it installed and run, say, an installer that
             | unpacks a lot of DLL files, because each one gets
             | checksummed and the checksum sent to a remote host. Every
             | time.
             | 
             | I hated it before this incident and I will be bringing this
             | incident up every time it is mentioned.
        
           | saagarjha wrote:
           | Of course, this tells you a lot about the sad state of
           | "realtime protection" software.
        
           | account42 wrote:
           | And like most AV systems it seems to be a bigger threat than
           | what it supposedly protects against. Seriously how is it
           | acceptable to have one corporation push a live update and
           | take down tons of critical services all over the world. Just
           | imagine what a malicious actor could accomplish with such a
           | delivery vector.
        
             | jaza wrote:
             | Indeed. The xz backdoor team must be kicking themselves:
             | "We spent years getting our own vector into a tool, only
             | for our world domination plans to be thwarted at the last
             | minute ... we could have just bribed someone at CS!"
        
           | attentive wrote:
           | > realtime protection of windows systems
           | 
           | and mac, and linux
        
         | hdra wrote:
         | seems to be an MDM solution thats doing tons of stuffs
        
           | rwmj wrote:
           | "MDM solution" leaves me even more confused than before.
        
             | ykonstant wrote:
             | It is just an RDBI deploying an FSM for enterprise GTX
             | solutions.
             | 
             | (clarification: FSM refers to an AIIT for SEV)
        
         | t8sr wrote:
         | It's watching the system for events like "file was opened" and
         | "process started", and looking for patterns resembling
         | hackers/malware.
         | 
         | It's different from AV in that it mostly looks at runtime
         | behavior and not signatures.
        
         | entuno wrote:
         | AV with shiny bits stuck on the side and a good marketing team.
        
           | zo1 wrote:
           | I see it's not just the Software development ecosystem that
           | got affected by the cult of Hipsterism.
           | 
           | If I was Alex Jones, I'd go further and blame this on a
           | decade of DEI and fluoride in the water. /s
        
         | aldanor wrote:
         | More like enterprise-level spyware
        
         | tamimio wrote:
         | CS is an EDR (Endpoint Detection & Response) and it connects to
         | other parts like XDR (Extended Detection and Response) and MDM
         | (Mobile Device Management). They differ from the typical
         | antivirus in how they detect threats. The AV usually checks
         | against known threats, while EDR detects endpoint behavior
         | anomalies. For example, if your browser spawns a shell, it will
         | be marked and the process quarantined. Of course, they do share
         | a lot of common domains like real-time protection, cloud
         | analysis, etc., and some AVs have most of the EDR capabilities,
         | and some EDRs have most of the AV capabilities. This is briefly
         | described.
        
           | Agingcoder wrote:
           | We're running something similar ( not CS ) where I work.
           | 
           | It seems to me that these tools create lots of problems (
           | slows down the machine significantly in particular, gets
           | things wrong and quarantines processes/machines when it
           | shouldn't, injects itself into processes so changes
           | behaviour, etc ).
           | 
           | The main question I have is : does anyone have an actual
           | instance of such tools detecting something useful ? No one in
           | the office was able to show one.
        
             | commandersaki wrote:
             | I contracted for a company that gave me a company issued
             | macbook with crowdstrike. It logged my execve() or
             | something, because I did a curl from rustup | sh, and this
             | alerted an admin who then contacted me to ask if this was
             | legitimate behaviour.
        
               | ta2457626246 wrote:
               | Worked for a fairly largish org (~40k emps), and one of
               | the "security" gurus roped me into a conversation because
               | he found a batch file in my Teams shared files. The
               | contents:
               | 
               | set JAVA_HOME="what_ever_path"
               | 
               | and asked me to explain this egregious hacking attempt.
        
               | romanovcode wrote:
               | My company had a mandatory req of installing it. If you
               | look into it - it logs and spies on everything you do,
               | every dns req, every website, every application etc.
               | 
               | Now my m3-ultra MacBook work computer that they gave is a
               | 4000 USD teams/email machine since I prefer to work on
               | computers without spyware.
        
               | wcski wrote:
               | I understand your preference. I have two questions:
               | 
               | 1) Do you think that an organization should have no
               | protections in place? 2) Why not just work from the
               | machine they provided you, and do everything else on a
               | personal machine?
        
               | hulitu wrote:
               | > 1) Do you think that an organization should have no
               | protections in place?
               | 
               | Do you think Crowdstrike offers protection ?
        
               | wcski wrote:
               | I assume from your rhetorical question that you don't. I
               | personally don't know enough about it to say whether it
               | does or not - but, I will make what I believe is a
               | reasonable assumption and say that all else being equal,
               | yes, a fleet of machines with a EDR sensor installed is
               | more "protected" than a fleet without.
               | 
               | If you have a point to make, why not just say what you
               | are trying to say; it will be more effective discourse. I
               | am genuinely curious.
        
               | briffle wrote:
               | They key to tools like crowdstrike is not so much
               | protection, and being able to trace an attack through the
               | infrastructure. They can see that your credentials were
               | comprimised on your machine, and which systems you then
               | connected to (or that bad process did) so they can trace
               | the attack and make sure get it all cleaned up.
        
             | avisser wrote:
             | My favorite work story is from 10 years ago. We had an
             | internal IRC server for the devs. I'd written an IRC bot to
             | do some basic functions. It was running on my desktop.
             | 
             | I get a call from IT on my work phone. My co-workers hear
             | my end of the conversation:
             | 
             | "No, it's not a bot net. It's just one bot. Yeah, I wrote
             | it and it talks IRC."
             | 
             | Thankfully they left me alone.
        
           | romanovcode wrote:
           | You also forgot the part that it is a tool to spy on
           | everything the employees do if it is installed on their
           | computers.
        
         | dilyevsky wrote:
         | Yes it's rebranded antivirus for enterprise with new fancy name
         | - "endpoint security". Also has remote fleet management and
         | firewall features
        
         | midtake wrote:
         | Botnet that checks if your bots in the botnet act like bad bots
         | and can be considered bad too. Also checking if some of your
         | files match AV signature. Also reading all your logs if you
         | really want.
        
       | chgs wrote:
       | Is this just a massive mistake or is it deliberate and cover for
       | something else
        
         | Scoundreller wrote:
         | Good question. Weaponized/compromised update? Disgruntled
         | employee Logic bomb?
        
       | tkubacki wrote:
       | Industry should move to Linux on desktop - we should not rely on
       | single vendor
        
         | WediBlino wrote:
         | 2024!!! The year of Linux on the desktop!
        
           | alex_suzuki wrote:
           | Finally! And here I thought it would never come.
        
           | pi-rat wrote:
           | We got day or maybe even week of linux on the desktop at
           | least :)
        
         | GardenLetter27 wrote:
         | At least Linux servers, this situation is crazy.
        
         | oldmanyells68 wrote:
         | Don't forget about the BSD's. We should not rely on a single
         | Finnish man.
        
       | tgshaik wrote:
       | https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-13650411/Microsoft-...
        
         | junto wrote:
         | Please at least an archive link. That website is trash.
        
       | techie128 wrote:
       | This is good and bad. This showcases the importance of
       | CrowdStrike. This is a short term blip but in the long run they
       | will learn from this and prevent this type of an issue in the
       | future. On the flip side, they have a huge target on their back
       | for the U.S. government to try and control them. They are also a
       | huge target for malicious actors since they can clearly see that
       | CS is part of critical US and western infra. Taking them down can
       | cripple essential services.
       | 
       | On a related note, this also demonstrates the danger of
       | centralized cloud services. I wish there were more players in
       | this space and the governments would try their very best to
       | prevent consolidation in this space. Alternatively, I really wish
       | the CS did not have this centralized architecture that allows for
       | such failure modes. Software industry should learn from great &
       | age old engineering design principles. For example, a large ships
       | have watertight doors that prevent compartments from flooding in
       | case of a breach. It appears that CS didn't think the current
       | scenario was not possible therefore didn't invest in anything
       | meaningful to prevent this nightmare scenario.
        
         | choeger wrote:
         | Or, and that maybe a radical idea, YOU DON'T INSTALL THIS
         | FUCKING SNAKE OIL IN THE FIRST PLACE.
         | 
         | The idea of antivirus software is _laughable_ when Adobe cannot
         | implement a safe and secure PDF parser then how can Crowdstrike
         | _while simultaneously supporting the parsing of a million other
         | protocols_?
         | 
         | Everyone involved: Vendor, operator, and auditors who mandate
         | this shit are responsible and should be punished.
         | 
         | YOU HAVE TO MINIMIZE THE ATTACK SURFACE, NOT INCREASE IT.
        
         | anigbrowl wrote:
         | I'm not that confident that they're going to be around to
         | recover from after their stock price falls into the toilet and
         | they get sued out the yin-yang. I don't think 'read the EULA
         | terms lol' is gonna cut it here.
        
         | alt227 wrote:
         | > This is a short term blip
         | 
         | No security engineer in the world is going to trust the words
         | CrowdStrike after this.
        
           | kasabali wrote:
           | Security engineers are the ones who first came up with these
           | crap in the first place. Sales people are not to blame,
           | they'll sell anything.
        
       | ranjanprj wrote:
       | High time to stop using Microsoft Windows/Azure which is full of
       | security tech debt, that you need all these tools which
       | themselves brick the computer
        
         | onion2k wrote:
         | CrowdStrike Falcon has a Linux product line for 'cloud
         | security'.
        
         | sofixa wrote:
         | If anyone feels like disagreeing about Azure, here's a comment
         | of mine from a few months ago:
         | 
         | A random selection of serious security incidents from Azure:
         | 
         | just from Wiz from the past 2-3 years, and of course they
         | aren't the only ones:
         | 
         | https://www.wiz.io/blog/secret-agent-exposes-azure-customers...
         | 
         | https://www.wiz.io/blog/storm-0558-compromised-microsoft-key...
         | 
         | https://www.wiz.io/blog/azure-active-directory-bing-misconfi...
         | 
         | https://www.wiz.io/blog/omigod-critical-vulnerabilities-in-o...
         | 
         | https://www.wiz.io/blog/chaosdb-explained-azures-cosmos-db-v...
         | 
         | Of course Microsoft AI researchers sucking at security:
         | https://www.wiz.io/blog/38-terabytes-of-private-data-acciden...
         | 
         | Nice overview from Corey Quinn that predates some of those but
         | things were already horrifically bad:
         | https://www.lastweekinaws.com/blog/azures-terrible-security-...
         | 
         | Go and look for similar things for AWS and GCP, and there's
         | nothing on this level (cross-tenant, trivial to exploit).
         | 
         | Oh and there's also this, them selling your usage patterns to
         | partners (hopefully they've stopped):
         | https://twitter.com/QuinnyPig/status/1359769481539506180
         | 
         | Oh and another one where they bungled the response:
         | https://twitter.com/QuinnyPig/status/1536868170815795200
         | 
         | I find it impossible to believe that Azure as a whole
         | organisation takes security seriously. There might be
         | individuals that do, but definitely nobody with decision making
         | power. Half of the above described exploits are trivial and
         | should have never passed any sort of competent review process.
        
           | whoknowsidont wrote:
           | >If anyone feels like disagreeing about Azure
           | 
           | Talking with people in the MSFT camp is like talking with
           | people in a cult. I'm not being melodramatic.
           | 
           | Pointing out these issues is good, but to them, they'll just
           | shrug it off.
           | 
           | And businesses will keep giving them money. Madness.
        
             | sofixa wrote:
             | It's basically "nobody got fired for buying from
             | Microsoft".
        
       | oldmanyells68 wrote:
       | Sounds like a good time to buy Red Hat stock
        
         | trollstrike wrote:
         | Sounds like a time to buy SPX (always has been).
         | 
         | Joke being I have given up trying to time markets :-). With
         | some rare exceptions to the rule (once in 10 year type things).
        
       | 120bits wrote:
       | Funny how I got rejected today from crowdstrike because I
       | couldn't code a hard leetcode problem under 40mins. I guess
       | leetcode isn't true software engineering after all.
        
         | edf13 wrote:
         | This is a testing and deployment issue rather than coding...
         | mistakes and bugs happen - but most serious businesses have
         | routines setup to catch them before rolling them out globally!
        
           | resonious wrote:
           | So maybe they should swap out the Leetcode for a testing and
           | deployment test during their interview!
        
         | saagarjha wrote:
         | You probably weren't good enough to take down half the world's
         | Windows systems.
        
           | hackeraccount wrote:
           | Alternately if he had gotten the job maybe he would have take
           | down three quarters of the world's Windows systems.
        
         | ssss11 wrote:
         | Breaking patches is? ...how did this get through QA with a big
         | enough issue that it breaks many many windows machines
        
           | monksy wrote:
           | I'm about willing to bet they don't have a qa team.
        
         | CapeTheory wrote:
         | Evidently you dodge bullets well, you should consider running
         | for office.
        
       | qalmakka wrote:
       | When will people learn?
       | 
       | 1. Stop putting mission critical systems on Windows, it's not the
       | reliable OS it once was since MS has cut off most of its QA
       | 
       | 2. AV solutions are unnecessary if you properly harden your
       | system, AV was needed pre-Vista because Windows was literally
       | running everything as Administrator. AV was never a necessity on
       | UNIX, whatever MS bundles in is usually enough
       | 
       | 3. Do not install third party software that runs in kernel mode.
       | This is just a recipe for disaster, no matter how much auditing
       | is done beforehand by the OEM. Linux has taught multiple times
       | that drivers should be developed and included with the OS.
       | Shipping random binaries that rely on a stable ABI may work for
       | printers, not for mission critical software.
        
         | jmcgough wrote:
         | None of this advice is useful for massive organizations like
         | banks and hospitals who got hit by this. They cannot switch off
         | of windows for a number of reasons.
        
           | gloosx wrote:
           | They are not willing perhaps? Why _cannot_ they?
        
             | cromka wrote:
             | Because reasons!
        
             | aenis wrote:
             | I'd attempt an answer.
             | 
             | 1/ imagine running >1000 legacy applications, some never
             | updated in 20 years 2/ imagine a byzantine mix of local
             | data centers, VPCs in aws/gcp/azure 3/ imagine a IT
             | departament run by a lot of people who have never learned
             | anything new since they were hired
             | 
             | That would be your typical large, boring entity such as a
             | bank, public utility or many of the big public companies.
             | 
             | Yeah, there is no law of physics preventing this, but it's
             | actually nearly impossible to disentangle an organization
             | from decades of mess.
        
               | qalmakka wrote:
               | That's why we've invented emulators, sandboxing, ...
               | 
               | People have continued to run old management systems
               | inside of virtual machines and similar solutions. You can
               | sandbox it, reset it, do all kinds of wondrous things if
               | you use modern technologies in an era-appropriate way.
               | Run your old Windows software inside of a VM, or tweak it
               | to run well on Wine if you have the source. The reason
               | this mess happened is that all of those software are
               | literally running a desktop OS in mission critical
               | applications.
               | 
               | I have worked as an embedded engineer for a while and I
               | can't count the number of nonsensical stuff I've seen
               | incompetent people running on unpatched, obsolescent
               | Windows XP and 7 machines. This mess is 100% self
               | inflicted.
        
               | gloosx wrote:
               | I think these are just technical excuses, but the real
               | answer lies somewhere in the fields of politics and
               | economics. If people in charge are to make a decision -
               | then us tech nerds are going to migrate and refactor 1000
               | applications and update 20 years of byzantine code mess.
               | I saw entities so large and boring they can barely move
               | one step - changing rapidly and evolving once their
               | economic stability is at stake, and this is a great
               | example of such a disruption which can push them into
               | chasm of change.
        
             | anigbrowl wrote:
             | Shareholders prefer profits to long-term investment. Thanks
             | capitalism!
        
             | madaxe_again wrote:
             | Well, there's this one app, written in VB6 using lots of
             | DCOM that produces XML and XSLT transforms that only work
             | in IE6, and the entire organisation depends on it, and the
             | nephew who built it is now a rodeo clown and is unavailable
             | for consultation.
             | 
             | True story.
        
               | gloosx wrote:
               | He-he, entire organisation depending on IE6. I have good
               | news and bad news...
        
             | account42 wrote:
             | Because it would mess with the backroom deal the executive
             | making the decision has with MS.
        
             | jmcgough wrote:
             | All of the hardware that's attached to workstations in our
             | hospital are designed for windows. Certain departments have
             | specific needs as well and depend on software that is
             | Windows only. After decades of Windows it develops an
             | insidious grasp that is difficult to escape, even moreso
             | when your entire industry is dependent on Windows.
             | 
             | Switching over to windows wouldn't just be extremely costly
             | from an IT perspective but would require millions of
             | dollars in new hardware. We are in the red in part because
             | of the pandemic, existing problems in our industry
             | accelerated by the last few years, and because a large
             | percentage of our patients are on Medicare, which the fed
             | govt shrinks fixed service payments for every year.
             | 
             | I can't imagine convincing our administration to switch
             | over to Linux across the hospital without a clear, obvious,
             | and more importantly short-term financial payoff.
        
               | InsideOutSanta wrote:
               | I'm working for a company that has no Windows boxes at
               | all, anywhere. Sure, some Windows software has no
               | alternatives. We're running all of those programs in VMs.
               | 
               | Does this make financial sense? Probably not in the short
               | run, which is an issue for most companies nowadays. But
               | in the long run? I think it's the right choice.
        
               | gloosx wrote:
               | It is not the hardware designed for windows but the
               | driver code, which is most probably written in basic C,
               | which most probably can be cross-compiled for usage
               | outside Windows - so instead of millions of dollars in
               | new hardware it is really thousands in porting the
               | drivers and GUIs to the new platform. What works on
               | windows in 90% cases is an easy porting job for the
               | manufacturer, they just won't be doing it unless someone
               | stops paying for windows version and be willing to pay
               | for alternative platform port.
               | 
               | Anyway, i totally agree with you. The convincing part
               | here is short of clear and obvious for administration
               | types. Until MS finally bricks it's OS and renders it
               | totally unusable they can continue to do whatever shit
               | they want and keep mocking their loyal customers forever.
        
           | chgs wrote:
           | Because they made a continuing choice over the years to write
           | their systems to rely on windows?
        
           | the_gipsy wrote:
           | It's not a "3 step solution" that some IT guy can do now.
           | It's a high level critique of using Windows and ignoring
           | known problems.
        
           | mrweasel wrote:
           | There's nothing they can do right now, but my issue is that
           | this will be forgotten when next update/purchasing round
           | swings into action.
           | 
           | Take Maersk who couldn't operate their freight terminals due
           | to a cyber attack and had the entire operation being
           | dependent on a hard drive in a server that happened to be
           | offline. Have they improved network separation? Perhaps. Have
           | they limited their critical infrastructure to only run
           | whitelisted application? I assure you they have not. They've
           | probably just purchased a Crowdstrike license.
           | 
           | Companies continuously fail to view their critical
           | infrastructure as critical and severely underestimate risk.
        
             | Svip wrote:
             | Maersk is kind of a bad example, because they made real
             | security mitigations afterwards.[0] I cannot speak to
             | whether they whitelist applications, but neither can you.
             | 
             | [0] https://www.csoonline.com/article/567845/rebuilding-
             | after-no...
        
           | qalmakka wrote:
           | That's the reason why I wrote, "stop putting" instead of
           | "throw all of your PCs out of the window". Just like they
           | migrated away from DOS they should start planning to migrate
           | away from Windows to more modern, sandboxed solutions. There
           | are ZERO reasons why a cash register shouldn't boot from a
           | read-only filesystem, run AV, and so on.
        
         | bruce343434 wrote:
         | Linux isn't exactly reliable either... I'm sorry but that OS is
         | barely capable of outputting a stable HDMI signal, god help you
         | if you are on a laptop with external monitor.
         | 
         | For 3 computers, 2 laptops, I've never _not_ had display
         | bugs/oddities/issues. System upgrades always make me nervous
         | because there is a very real chance of something getting fucked
         | up and my screen staying black the next time it boots, having
         | to go into a TTY, and manually fixing stuff up or booting the
         | previous version that was still saved in GRUB.
         | 
         | We can not get computers perfect. They are too complicated.
         | That's true for anything in life. As soon as it gets too
         | complicated, you're left in a realm of statistics and emergent
         | phenomena. As much as I dislike windows enough to keep using
         | Linux, I never had display issues on windows.
         | 
         | To anyone compelled to reply with a text that contains "just"
         | or "simply": simply just consider that if you are able to think
         | of it in 10 seconds, then I have thought of it as well, and
         | tried it too.
        
           | ben0x539 wrote:
           | Yeah I mean you probably shouldn't put mission critical
           | systems on a laptop with an external monitor either.
        
           | KronisLV wrote:
           | > For 3 computers, 2 laptops, I've never _not_ had display
           | bugs/oddities/issues. System upgrades always make me nervous
           | because there is a very real chance of something getting
           | fucked up and my screen staying black the next time it boots,
           | having to go into a TTY, and manually fixing stuff up or
           | booting the previous version that was still saved in GRUB.
           | 
           | I've had a Debian update break GRUB itself as well:
           | https://blog.kronis.dev/everything%20is%20broken/debian-
           | and-...
           | 
           | I still use some Linux distros because when they work,
           | they're pretty good, but when they don't, be prepared for a
           | bunch of annoyances and debugging.
        
             | qalmakka wrote:
             | I also had Windows Update fucking up my VMs and physical
             | installs multiple times - this stuff just happens _with
             | desktop machines, on desktop OSes_. The point is, lots of
             | companies are using random cheap x86 computers with Windows
             | desktop for mission critical appliances and systems, which
             | is nonsensical. The rule of thumb has always been, do not
             | put Windows (client) on anything you can't format on a
             | short notice at any time. Guess people just never learn
        
               | KronisLV wrote:
               | > The rule of thumb has always been, do not put Windows
               | (client) on anything you can't format on a short notice
               | at any time.
               | 
               | This is reasonable and sound.
               | 
               | > This stuff just happens _with desktop machines, on
               | desktop OSes_
               | 
               | I wouldn't call Debian a desktop OS per se, though
               | (albeit installing XFCE just in case does introduce a bit
               | more risk of breakage).
               | 
               | Critique of consumer hardware is valid, but it's quite
               | upsetting that bad software is the status quo.
        
           | qalmakka wrote:
           | In my comment I was referring to mission critical systems,
           | which most definitely you don't put on cheap commodity
           | hardware you buy in a brick and mortar store.
           | 
           | Linux is used EVERYWHERE for a reason. Most car HUD now run
           | on some form of Linux embedded, like basically all embedded
           | and low power devices. The problem here is that people still
           | put embedded mission critical systems on a desktop OS and
           | slap desktop software on it, which is _a bad choice_.
        
           | Dudhbbh3343 wrote:
           | > I'm sorry but that OS is barely capable of outputting a
           | stable HDMI signal, god help you if you are on a laptop with
           | external monitor.
           | 
           | You may have had particularly bad luck with poorly supported
           | hardware, but I don't think this is a normal experience.
           | 
           | I've been using Linux exclusively on desktops and laptops
           | (with various VGA, DVI, DisplayPort, HDMI, and PD-powered
           | DisplayPort-over-USB-C monitors and TVs since 2002 without
           | any unstable behavior or incompatibility.
        
             | bruce343434 wrote:
             | Most likely. I think laptops are particularly gnarly,
             | especially when they have both an apu and a discrete gpu.
             | While manufacturers use windows' amenities for adding their
             | own drivers and modifications so that they ensure that the
             | OS understands the topology of the hardware (so that the
             | product doesn't get mass RMA'd), there's no such incentive
             | to go out of your way to make Linux support it.
        
           | whoknowsidont wrote:
           | >Linux isn't exactly reliable either...
           | 
           | That's certainly a perspective.
        
             | bruce343434 wrote:
             | What are you saying? Am I holding it wrong?
        
               | whoknowsidont wrote:
               | I'm saying you're allowed to have whatever belief you
               | want, no one is stopping you from stating it on the
               | internet either.
        
               | bruce343434 wrote:
               | This is one of the comments ever.
        
           | surgical_fire wrote:
           | > Linux isn't exactly reliable either... I'm sorry but that
           | OS is barely capable of outputting a stable HDMI signal, god
           | help you if you are on a laptop with external monitor.
           | 
           | This is demonstrably false, given the amount of people that
           | game on Linux nowadays.
           | 
           | > System upgrades always make me nervous because there is a
           | very real chance of something getting fucked up and my screen
           | staying black the next time it boots, having to go into a
           | TTY, and manually fixing stuff up or booting the previous
           | version that was still saved in GRUB.
           | 
           | I had this happen to me once. Timeshift was painless to use,
           | and in about 15 minutes I had my machine up and running
           | again, and could apply all updates properly afterwards. If
           | anything it made me bolder lol.
        
           | xorcist wrote:
           | How is your lack of a stable HDMI signal relevant to that the
           | world's airlines and supermarkets and banks probably
           | shouldn't run Windows with third-party antivirus software
           | bolted on? That is a platform originally intended for office
           | style typewriter emulation and games.
           | 
           | Every engineering-first or Internet-native company that could
           | choose chose Linux and for simple reasons. Anything not Linux
           | in The Cloud is a rounding error. Most of the world's mobile
           | phones is Linux. And most cloud-first desktops too. They
           | don't seem to be particularly more troubled with HDMI signal
           | quality or other display issues than other devices.
        
           | graemep wrote:
           | > Linux isn't exactly reliable either... I'm sorry but that
           | OS is barely capable of outputting a stable HDMI signal, god
           | help you if you are on a laptop with external monitor.
           | 
           | It just just works for me, and has just worked with every
           | laptop I have had in the last 15 years. My kids and I have
           | several Linux installs and the only one with HDMI output
           | issues is a cheap ARM tablet that is sold as a device for
           | early adopters.
           | 
           | > For 3 computers, 2 laptops, I've never _not_ had display
           | bugs/oddities/issues. System upgrades always make me nervous
           | because there is a very real chance of something getting
           | fucked up and my screen staying black the next time it boots,
           | having to go into a TTY, and manually fixing stuff up or
           | booting the previous version that was still saved in GRUB.
           | 
           | At least that number of machines (I do not know whether you
           | mean three or five in total) for the last 20+ years and can
           | recall one such issue.
        
           | rpdillon wrote:
           | I mean, this isn't a support forum.
           | 
           | But working with hundreds of computers, running many
           | different distributions of Linux for decades, they just
           | haven't ever seen what you're describing. It's really hard to
           | reconcile what I read here with my hands-on experience.
        
         | baq wrote:
         | This issue could easily happen on any other OS - Linux, macOS,
         | BSDs - because it's a third party kernel driver which would be
         | installed by the corporate IT regardless of anyone's opinion
         | for compliance reasons. Your advice is incompatible with how
         | the real world operates.
        
           | htrp wrote:
           | corporate IT heads need to roll for that to ever change.
           | 
           | The romans used to make the architects stand under the arches
           | they built, to enforce the idea of consequences for bad work.
        
           | monocasa wrote:
           | I've seen orgs get through soc2 and pci-dss without kernel
           | anti virus.
           | 
           | It's all about compensating controls.
        
             | baq wrote:
             | You should grab the folks who've done it and start
             | authoring a book. You've got a 100x audience increase
             | today!
        
             | bennyelv wrote:
             | Alas in the world of B2B, contracts from larger companies
             | nearly always come with lists of specific requirements for
             | security controls that must be implemented, which nearly
             | always include requiring anti-virus.
             | 
             | It just not as simple as commenters on this thread wish!
        
               | monocasa wrote:
               | The contracts are rarely specifying stuff like antivirus
               | explicitly, but instead compliance with one or more of
               | the security standards like PCI DSS. Those say you have
               | to use antivirus, but they all have an escape hatch
               | called a "compensating control" which is basically "we
               | solved the problem this is trying to solve this other way
               | that's more conducive to our overall security posture,
               | and got the auditor to agree with us".
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | compensating controls ftw. the spirit of the law vs the
               | letter of the law. our system was more secure with the
               | compensating controls, vs the prescribed design. this
               | meant no having to rotate passwords because fuck that
               | noise.
        
               | bennyelv wrote:
               | My source: I review a lot of contracts. It's very common
               | for things to be explicitly required.
               | 
               | Yes you can go back and forth and argue the toss, but it
               | pushes up the cost of the sale and forces your customer
               | to navigate a significant amount of bureaucracy to get a
               | contract agreed. Or you could just run AV like they asked
               | you to...
        
               | pas wrote:
               | Wait, I thought in this case we are the customer!? Okay
               | what kind of contracts are we talking about? :D
        
               | aflukasz wrote:
               | Can you propose an example of a compensating control for
               | an "antivirus" that had a chance to pass? Would you
               | propose something like custom SELinux/Apparmor setup +
               | maybe auditd with alerting? Or some Windows equivalent of
               | those.
        
             | makeitdouble wrote:
             | You should explain how they do it.
             | 
             | If for instance they're remoting into a restricted VM all
             | day, that's a different set of tradeoffs many might not be
             | happy with.
        
               | monocasa wrote:
               | Nothing like that, basically what sitharus said above
               | you. Extra network level, zero trust to minimize lateral
               | movement and giving the pen testers a leg up by letting
               | them start already within the corporate network.
        
             | sitharus wrote:
             | Same, I've been in an org that got PCI-DSS level 1 without
             | antivirus beyond Windows Defender or any invasive systems
             | to restrict application installation.
             | 
             | It did involve a lot of documentation of inter-machine
             | security controls, network access restriction and a
             | penetration test by an offensive security company starting
             | with a machine inside the network, but it can be done! Also
             | in my opinion it gives you a more genuinely secure
             | environment.
        
           | chippiewill wrote:
           | Yeah, my work requires me to run an antivirus kernel module
           | on my Ubuntu laptop.
           | 
           | Corporate IT is always going to lean towards the "safe"
           | compliance option.
        
           | prmoustache wrote:
           | Corporate ITs need to stop mandating security malware tools
           | on their systems just because someone showed them some nice
           | powerpoints.
        
         | KronisLV wrote:
         | > AV was never a necessity on UNIX, whatever MS bundles in is
         | usually enough
         | 
         | What prevents someone pushing a malicious package that takes my
         | user data (that is accessible from a logged in session
         | directly) and sends it somewhere? Especially in non-system
         | repos, like Maven/NuGet/npm/pip/RubyGems and so on? What about
         | the too widespread practice of piping shell scripts from the
         | web, or applications with custom update mechanisms that might
         | be compromised and pull in malicious code?
         | 
         | I'm not saying that AV software would protect against all of
         | these, but even if users don't do stupid things (which they
         | absolutely will anyways, sooner or later), then there are still
         | vectors of attack against any system.
         | 
         | As for why *nix systems don't see that much malware, I've no
         | idea, maybe because it's not as juicy of a target because of
         | the lower count of desktop software installations (though the
         | stuff that is on the systems might be more interesting to some,
         | given the more tech savvy userbase), or maybe because a lot of
         | the exploits focus on server software, like most CVEs.
         | 
         | On Windows, I guess the built in AV software is okay, maybe
         | with occasional additional scans by something like
         | Malwarebytes, but that's situational.
        
           | bugbuddy wrote:
           | I would like to inform you that none of the AV product on the
           | market will be able to protect you from piping a bad script
           | from the web. Case closed.
        
             | darkwater wrote:
             | Crowdstrike agent is theoretically able to detect that what
             | you just pipe-installed is now connecting to a known
             | command and control server and can act accordingly.
        
               | pas wrote:
               | yes, as any competent classic old fart network-wide
               | IPS/IDS
               | 
               | endpoint security is a great utopia to strive for, but to
               | get there we ought to starts with having secure by
               | default endpoints.
        
             | yourusername wrote:
             | If your malicious script starts doing things like running
             | well known payloads or trying to move laterally or access
             | things it really shouldn't be trying to access AV will
             | flag/block it.
        
               | saagarjha wrote:
               | What happens when the malicious script tries a not-very-
               | well-known payload? Hint: nothing good.
        
               | yourusername wrote:
               | No one is suggesting it is 100% coverage but you would be
               | suprised at the ammount of things XDR detects and
               | prevents in a average organization with average users.
               | Including the people who can't stop clicking
               | YourGiftcard.pdf.exe
        
               | saagarjha wrote:
               | I am not against trying to protect against people who do
               | that. The problem is that you pay XDR big bucks to stop a
               | lot more than that, and this mostly doesn't work.
        
             | tikkabhuna wrote:
             | Carbon Black will block any executables it pulls down
             | though. And I think it may also block scripts as well.
             | Executables have to be whitelisted before they can run.
             | 
             | Its an extremely strict approach, but it does address the
             | situation you're talking about.
        
               | saagarjha wrote:
               | Scripts are not executables
        
               | tikkabhuna wrote:
               | Agreed, but Carbon Black can stop scripts from running.
        
               | saagarjha wrote:
               | If it lets you spawn a shell I would bet money against
               | that
        
               | tikkabhuna wrote:
               | If you write a batch file on a Windows PC with Carbon
               | Black on it, you will not be able to run it. Of course
               | there is customisation available to tweak what is/isn't
               | allowed.
        
               | saagarjha wrote:
               | Yes, but that's like 1% of the actual surface area for
               | "running a script". I am not a Windows expert but on,
               | say, Linux you can overwrite a script that someone has
               | already run, or modify a script that is already running,
               | or use an interpreter that your antivirus doesn't know
               | about, or sit around and wait for a script to get run and
               | then try to swap yourself into the authorization that
               | gets granted for that, or...there's a whole lot of
               | things. I assume Windows has most of the same problems.
               | My confidence in Carbon Black stopping this is quite low.
        
             | BrandonLive wrote:
             | That's both untrue and missing the point.
             | 
             | In a perfect world, AV software wouldn't be necessary. We
             | don't live in a perfect world. So we need defense-in-depth,
             | covering prevention, mitigation, and remediation.
        
           | bruce343434 wrote:
           | Nothing, in fact there have been many cases where python's
           | and nodejs's package systems were exploited to achieve
           | arbitrary code execution (because that's a feature, not a
           | bug, to allow "complicated installation processes to just
           | work").
           | 
           | https://arstechnica.com/information-
           | technology/2021/12/malic...
           | 
           | AVs are the wrong way to go about security anyway, it's a
           | reactionary strategy in a cat and mouse game by definition.
           | For prevention, I think the BSDs are doing some promising
           | work with the "pledge" mechanism. And as much hate as they
           | get, I like appimages and snap et al for forcing people to
           | consider a better segmentation model and permission system
           | for installed software.
        
           | eecc wrote:
           | Meh, without proper MAC with process namespaces, I guess
           | nothing.
           | 
           | SELinux and whatever Apple is doing looks right IMHO
        
           | xorcist wrote:
           | > What prevents someone pushing a malicious package that
           | takes my user data
           | 
           | That's not an argument in good faith. If you install unvetted
           | packages in your airline control system, bank, or
           | supermarket, the kind of systems that we're talking about
           | here, you have much bigger problems to worry about.
           | 
           | > I'm not saying that AV software would protect against all
           | of these,
           | 
           | Or indeed _any_ of these. Highly privileged users piping
           | shell scripts from untrusted sources is out of scope for any
           | antivirus system, on any platform.
           | 
           | That doesn't mean all platforms are identical, or share the
           | same attack vectors. It is much more accepted to install
           | kernel mode drivers on the Windows platform, where it is not
           | only accepted but have established quality control programs
           | to manage it, than on Linux, where the major vendor will very
           | literally show you the middle finger on video for everyone to
           | see for doing so.
           | 
           | The Linux community is more for doing that kind of work
           | upstream. If some type of new access control or binary
           | integrity checking is required, that work goes upstream for
           | everyone to use. It is not bolted on running systems with
           | kernel mode drivers. That is because Linux is more like a
           | shared platform, and less like a "product". That culture goes
           | way beyond mere technical differences between the systems.
        
             | KronisLV wrote:
             | > If you install unvetted packages in your airline control
             | system, bank, or supermarket, the kind of systems that
             | we're talking about here, you have much bigger problems to
             | worry about.
             | 
             | Surely we can agree that if it's a vector with an above 0%
             | chance of it being exploited, then any methods for
             | mitigating that are a good thing. Quite possibly even
             | multiple overlaid methods for addressing the same risks.
             | Defense in depth and all, the same reason why many run a
             | WAF in front of their applications even though someone
             | could just say: "Just have apps that are always up to date
             | with no known CVEs".
             | 
             | > Or indeed any of these. Highly privileged users piping
             | shell scripts from untrusted sources is out of scope for
             | any antivirus system, on any platform.
             | 
             | You don't even have to be highly privileged to steam
             | information, e.g. an "app" for running some web service
             | could still serve to exfiltrate data. As others have
             | mentioned, maybe this is not what AV software has been
             | historically known for, but definitely there are pieces of
             | software that _attempt_ to mitigate some of the risks like
             | this.
             | 
             | I'd rather have every binary or piece of executable code be
             | scanned against a frequently updated database of bad stuff,
             | or use heuristics to figure out what is talking with what,
             | or have other sane defaults like preventing execution of
             | untrusted code or to limit what can talk to what networks,
             | not all of which is always trivial to configure in the OSes
             | directly (even though often possible).
             | 
             | I won't pretend that AV software is necessarily the right
             | place for this kind of functionality, but I also won't
             | pretend that it couldn't be an added benefit to the
             | security of a system, while also presenting different risks
             | and shortcomings (threat vector in of itself or something
             | that impacts system stability at worst, or just a hog on
             | the resources and performance in most cases).
             | 
             | Use separate VMs, use secret management solutions, use
             | separate networks, use principle of least privilege, make
             | use of good system architecture, have good OS
             | configuration, use WAFs, use AV software, use scanning
             | software, use dependency management alerting software, use
             | static code analysis, use whatever you need to mitigate the
             | risk of waking up and realizing that there's been a breach
             | and that your systems are no longer your own.
             | 
             | Even all of that might not be enough (and sometimes will
             | actually make things worse), but you can at least try.
        
               | xorcist wrote:
               | In that we can agree. But I would put "build on operating
               | systems intended for the purpose" on top of that list,
               | too. There is no excuse for building airline or bank
               | systems on office operating systems and trying to
               | compensate by bolting on endpoint protection systems.
               | 
               | The issue here is not simply scanning for known malware,
               | "endpoint protection" systems go way beyond that. I have
               | never, in practice, seen any of those systems be a net
               | benefit for security. And I mean in a very serious and
               | practical way. Depending on your needs, there are far
               | more effective solutions that don't require backdooring
               | your systems. There simply shouldn't be any unauthorized
               | changes for this type of systems.
        
               | KronisLV wrote:
               | > In that we can agree. But I would put "build on
               | operating systems intended for the purpose" on top of
               | that list, too.
               | 
               | Agreed, most folks should probably use a proven *nix
               | distro, or one of the BSD varieties. That would be a good
               | starting point.
               | 
               | That said, I doubt whether the OS alone will be enough,
               | even with a good configuration, but at some point the
               | technical aspects have to contend with managing liability
               | either way.
        
             | fragmede wrote:
             | Carbon Black, running in DO NOT LET UNTRUSTED EXECUTABLES
             | RUN mode, would not let you run binaries that curl | sh
             | just grabbed unless they were allow-listed.
        
         | WatchDog wrote:
         | This isn't a windows issue. For what it's worth, I've had
         | plenty of problems in the past with kernel panics from
         | crowdstrike's macos system extension, although it was fairly
         | random, nothing like today's issue.
        
         | AdeptusAquinas wrote:
         | 1. this is a crowdstrike issue not windows
         | 
         | 2. plenty of malware and c2 systems happily operate off all
         | systems, regardless of how hardened (or how unix) they are -
         | IDS/IPS is a reactive way to try and mitigate this
         | 
         | 3. you don't need third party software to compromise the unix
         | kernel, you just need to wait a week or two until someone finds
         | a bug in the kernel itself
         | 
         | all that being said, this has solarwinds vibes. the push for
         | these enterprise IDS systems needs to be weighted, the approach
         | adjusted
        
         | tamimio wrote:
         | Windows Defender is more than sufficient for most of these
         | companies, but they need that false sense of security, or maybe
         | they have excess budget to spare, or they are transferring the
         | risk per their risk management plan.
        
           | bugbuddy wrote:
           | Bingo
        
           | benfortuna wrote:
           | Transferring the risk of malicious actors, but creating a
           | resilience risk they are not owning.
        
         | nox101 wrote:
         | > Do not install third party software that runs in kernel mode.
         | T
         | 
         | You mean don't install Steam nor the Epic Store, nor many of
         | the games.
         | 
         | Note: I'm agreeing with you except that pretty much the only
         | reason I have a Windows machine is for games. I do have Steam
         | installed. I also have the Oculus software installed. I suspect
         | both run in kernel mode. I have to cross my fingers that Valve
         | and Facebook don't do bad things to me and don't leave too many
         | holes.
         | 
         | I don't install games that require admin.
         | 
         | Oh, and I have Photoshop and I'm pretty sure Adobe effs with
         | the system too >:(
        
           | Zr40 wrote:
           | Steam does not have any kernel-mode components.
        
             | nox101 wrote:
             | Steam asks for admin to be installed and asks for it again
             | to install more features related to screen sharing.
             | 
             | To me, any app that asks for admin is suspect.
        
               | Zr40 wrote:
               | Admin privileges aren't the same thing as a kernel-mode
               | driver. Steam does require admin to be installed, but it
               | does not install a kernel-mode driver.
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | are you sure about that? anti cheat stuff is pretty
               | invasive these days
        
               | giantpotato wrote:
               | per microsoft admin to kernel is not a security boundary
        
               | computerfriend wrote:
               | Root and kernel are different levels.
        
           | qalmakka wrote:
           | > You mean don't install Steam nor the Epic Store, nor many
           | of the games.
           | 
           | ...would you install Steam on a POS machine? Is your gaming
           | PC a "mission critical system"?
        
           | ivxvm wrote:
           | I've never seen a program running in kernel mode other than
           | AV software. Pretty sure all stuff you listed doesn't. Asking
           | admin permissions doesn't mean it's kernel mode software.
        
           | punkrox999 wrote:
           | this "kernel level = invasive" paranoia that's been going on
           | lately is complete FUD at its core and screams tech
           | illiteracy
           | 
           | no software vendor needs to or wants to write a driver to spy
           | on you or steal your data when they can do all of that with
           | user-level permissions without triggering any AV.
           | 
           | 3rd party drivers are completely fine, and its normal that
           | advanced peripherals like an Oculus uses them
        
             | zelphirkalt wrote:
             | Yet we have rootkit level "anti-cheat protection", without
             | which you cannot participate in some online games.
        
         | 2rsf wrote:
         | CrowdStrike Falcon is not an AV, Windows can be decently
         | hardened and Microsoft did not "cut off most of its QA"
        
           | qalmakka wrote:
           | > Microsoft did not "cut off most of its QA"
           | 
           | Windows RTMs used to be shipped in a usable state (albeit
           | buggy) for more than a decade. You installed it from a CD and
           | it worked fine, you installed patches every once in a while
           | from a random Service Pack CD you got from somewhere.
           | 
           | Modern Windows has had the habit of being so buggy after
           | release in such horrendous ways that I can't imagine being
           | able to use the same install CD for years. This is definitely
           | putting less attention to detail in my view.
        
           | alt227 wrote:
           | > Microsoft did not "cut off most of its QA"
           | 
           | Yes they did. Hear about it first hand from an ex windows
           | software tester:
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S9kn8_oztsA
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lRV6PXB6QLk
        
           | tomashubelbauer wrote:
           | The slice of Microsoft stuff I worked at certainly did not
           | have dedicated QA at the time I was there and used to have a
           | QA team before, so there is some degree of truth to the
           | statement. I can't speak for other Microsoft teams and
           | offices. It was very disappointing for me, because I have had
           | the opportunity to work with great QA staff before and in my
           | current job and there is no way a developer dedicating 25 %
           | of their time (which is what was suggested as a replacement
           | for having dedicated QA) can do a job anywhere near as good.
        
           | szszrk wrote:
           | I have a feeling most commenters (not just here) don't really
           | know what Falcon is and does, if EDR (and more?) keeps
           | getting compared to a plain antivirus.
        
             | kasabali wrote:
             | Same difference
        
         | cm2187 wrote:
         | Not saying the microsoft QA is stellar but I also remember
         | heartbleed.
        
         | deutschlerner wrote:
         | > Stop putting mission critical systems on Windows, it's not
         | the reliable OS it once was since MS has cut off most of its QA
         | 
         | Dream on, that ship sailed long, long, long ago.
         | 
         | It's always funny to me reading comments on this site from
         | users like this who have no idea how the real world operates
        
           | scheeseman486 wrote:
           | Or doesn't operate, as it currently stands.
        
             | hulitu wrote:
             | > Or doesn't operate, as it currently stands.
             | 
             | The definition of "operate" has changed over the years.
        
         | systemvoltage wrote:
         | Why is this type of a comment upvoted to the top?
         | 
         | It's a knee jerk reaction to the midwit zeitgeist. No real
         | understanding of how the real world operates. No maturity or
         | thoughtfulness.
         | 
         | Totally misleading prognosis. Misleading advice.
        
         | maeil wrote:
         | You missed the most important one:
         | 
         | Have some kind of soaking/testing environment for production
         | critical systems, especially if you're a big business. If
         | you're hip, something like a proper blue/green setup (please
         | chime in with best practices!). If you're legacy, do it all by
         | hand if you must.
         | 
         | Blindly enabling immediate internet-delivered auto-update on
         | production systems will _always_ allow a bad update to cause
         | chaos. It doesn 't matter how well you permission things off on
         | your favourite Linux flavor. If an update is to be meaningful,
         | the update can break the software. And clearly you're relying
         | on the software, otherwise you wouldn't be using it.
        
         | hulitu wrote:
         | > Windows, it's not the reliable OS it once was
         | 
         | And when exactly was Windows a reliable OS ?
         | 
         | When it was turned off ? /s
        
         | steven43126 wrote:
         | Crowdstrike is not just "Antivirus" capability.
         | 
         | Depending on the threats pertinent to the org they may require
         | deep observability and the ability to perform threat hunting
         | for new and emerging threats, or detect behaviour based
         | signals, or move to block a new emerging threat. Not all
         | threats require Administrator privileges!
         | 
         | Not installing AV might be fine for a small number of assets in
         | a low risk industry, but is bad advice for a larger more
         | complex environment.
         | 
         | If were unbiased here the apparent crowdstrike problem could
         | occur on any OS and with any vendor where you have updates or
         | configuration changes automatically deployed at scale.
        
         | steve1977 wrote:
         | > Linux has taught multiple times that drivers should be
         | developed and included with the OS.
         | 
         | I've had Linux GPU drivers fail multiple times due to system
         | updates, to the point were I needed to roll back. I've had RHEL
         | updates break systems in a way were even Red Hat support
         | couldn't help me (I had to fix them myself).
         | 
         | I don't see how Linux is any better in this regard than Windows
         | to be honest.
         | 
         | Also: > AV was never a necessity on UNIX
         | 
         | Sure, why write a virus when you can just deploy your malware
         | via official supply chains?
        
           | orwin wrote:
           | Do you have/need GPUs on your 'mission critical systems'? I
           | would bet most of us don't.
           | 
           | I quite agree with OP here. VMs are now quite lightweight
           | (compared to available resources on machines at least) and I
           | would rather use a light, hardened Linux as my base OS that
           | will run windows VM and do snapshots for quick rollbacks.
           | Actually, that's what I run on my own PC, and I think it
           | would be the sanest way to operate.
        
           | rhim wrote:
           | Imagine a supply chain attack on a closed system and nobody
           | finding out about it.
        
       | jmcgough wrote:
       | Took down our entire emergency department as we were treating a
       | heart attack. 911 down for our state too. Nowhere for people to
       | be diverted to because the other nearby hospitals are down. Hard
       | to imagine how many millions of not billions of dollars this one
       | bad update caused.
        
         | epolanski wrote:
         | May I say that starting from "treating a heart attack" and
         | ending up worrying about millions lost in productivity sounds a
         | bit "wrong"?
        
           | plonk wrote:
           | Billions in losses means a somewhat worse life for a huge
           | number of people and potentially much worse healthcare
           | problems down the line, the NHS was affected
        
           | jmcgough wrote:
           | I just had a ten hour hospital shift from hell, apologies if
           | my writing is lacking. I can't think of a better way to try
           | to measure the scope of the damage caused by this.
        
             | yard2010 wrote:
             | Take care of yourself. you're making the world a better
             | place. You deserve better supportive technology, not this
             | shit show.
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | Starting with an ER story kind of set up the expectation
             | that you'll be "measuring the scope of the damage" in
             | _lives lost_ , not dollars. Though I guess at large enough
             | scale, they're convertible.
             | 
             | Regardless, thanks for your report; seeing it was very
             | sobering. I hope you can get some rest, and that things
             | will soon return to normalcy.
        
             | monkmartinez wrote:
             | Just completed a standing 24 due to this outage. My B-Shift
             | brothers and sisters had to monitor the radios all night
             | for their units to be called for emergencies. I heard every
             | dispatch that went out.
             | 
             | We were back in the 1960's with paper and pen for
             | everything, no updates on nature of call, no address
             | information, nothing... find out when you show up and hope
             | the scene is secure. It was wild as it was coupled to a
             | relatively intense Monsoon storm.
        
             | SarahWSJ wrote:
             | Sorry to hear this! I'm a journalist covering this mess and
             | wondering if we could talk. Am at sarah.needleman@wsj.com
        
             | boie0025 wrote:
             | A tiny bit of thought about your situation IMO should lead
             | anyone to conclude that you just first-hand experienced the
             | fallout of today's nightmare, and then took a step back and
             | realized you were likely one of millions if not billions of
             | other people experiencing the same, and relayed that
             | thought in terms of immediately understandable loss.
             | Someone else might see "wrong" but I saw empathy.
        
           | jojobas wrote:
           | Millions lost is sizeable parts of people's lives they won't
           | get back.
        
           | kube-system wrote:
           | When it comes to measuring the impact to society at scale,
           | dollars is really the only useful common proxy. One can't
           | enumerate every impact this is going to have on the world
           | today -- there's too many.
        
             | salawat wrote:
             | Bullshit. Absolute bullshit.
             | 
             | I've told my testers for _years_ their efficacy at their
             | jobs would be measured in unnecessary deaths prevented.
             | Nothing less. Exactly this outcome was something I 've made
             | unequivocally clear was possible, and came bundled with a
             | cost in lives. Yet the "Management and bean counter types"
             | insist "Oh, nope. Only the greenbacks matter. It's the only
             | measure."
             | 
             | Bull. Shit. If we weren't so obsessed with imaginary value
             | attached to little green strips of paper, maybe we'd have
             | the systems we need so things like this wouldn't happen.
             | You may not be able to enumerate every, but you damn well
             | can enumerate enough. Y'all just don't want to because then
             | work starts looking like _work_.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | Why measure only death, as if it is the only terrible
               | thing that can happen to someone?
               | 
               | That doesn't count serious bodily injury, suffering,
               | people who were victimized, people who had their lives
               | set back for decades due to a missed opportunity, a
               | person who missed the last chance to visit a loved one,
               | etc.
               | 
               | There are uncountable different impacts that happen when
               | you're talking about events on the scale of an economy.
               | Which is why economists use dollars. The proxy isn't
               | useful because it is more important than life, it it
               | useful because the diversity of human experience is
               | innumerable.
        
               | emmelaich wrote:
               | I understand your emotion but perhaps people simply don't
               | value human lives.
               | 
               | At least putting a number to life is an genuine attempt
               | even though it may be distasteful.
               | 
               | The fact is that there already is a number on it, which
               | one can derive entirely descriptively without making
               | moral judgements. Insurance companies and government
               | social security offices already attempt to determine the
               | number.
               | 
               | The number is not infinite or we'd have no cars.
        
         | plonk wrote:
         | Did the person survive?
        
           | jmcgough wrote:
           | We have limited visibility into this in the emergency
           | department. You stabilize the patient and admit them to the
           | hospital, then they become internal medicine or ICU's
           | patient. Thankfully most of the work was done and consults
           | were called prior to the outage, but they were in critical
           | condition.
        
             | perfectstorm wrote:
             | i'll admit i have no idea what i'm talking about but isn't
             | there some Plan B options? something that's more manual? or
             | are surgeons too reliant on computers?
        
               | nubinetwork wrote:
               | I don't know about surgeons, but nursing and labs have
               | paper fallback policies... they can backload the data
               | later.
        
               | regularfry wrote:
               | It's often the case that the paper fallbacks can't handle
               | anywhere near the throughput required. Yes, there's a
               | mechanism there, but it's not usable beyond a certain
               | load.
        
               | Bjartr wrote:
               | I think it's eventually manageable for some subset of
               | medical procedures, but the transition to that from
               | business as usual is a frantic nightmare. Like there's
               | probably a whole manual for dealing with different levels
               | of system failure, but they're unlikely to be well
               | practiced.
               | 
               | Or maybe I'm giving these institutions too much credit?
        
               | zamadatix wrote:
               | There are plan B options like paper charting, downtime
               | procedures, alternative communication methods and so on.
               | So while you can write down a prescription and cut a
               | person open you can't manually do things pull up the
               | patient's medical history for the last 10 years in a few
               | seconds, have an image read remotely when there isn't a
               | radiologist available on site, or electronically file for
               | the meds to just show up instantly (all depending on what
               | the outage issue is affecting of course). For short
               | outages some of these problems are more "it caused a
               | short rush on limited staff" than "things were falling
               | apart". For longer outages it gets to be quite dangerous
               | and that's where you hope it's just your system that's
               | having issues and not everyone in the region so you can
               | divert.
               | 
               | If the alternatives/plan b's were as good or better than
               | the plan a's then they wouldn't be the alternatives.
               | Nobody is going to have half a hospital's care capacity
               | sit as backup when they could use that year round to
               | better treat patients all the time, they just have plans
               | of last resort to use when what they'd like to use isn't
               | working.
               | 
               | (worked healthcare IT infrastructure for a decade)
        
               | sqeaky wrote:
               | I am talking out my ass, but...
               | 
               | Seems like a possible plan would be duplicate computer
               | systems that are using last week's backup and not set to
               | auto-update. Doesn't cover you if the databases and
               | servers go down (unless you can have spares of those
               | too), but if there is a bad update, a crypto-locker, or
               | just a normal IT failure each department can switch to
               | some backups and switch to a slightly stale computer
               | instead of very stale paper.
        
               | regularfry wrote:
               | Can only speak for the UK here, but having _one_ computer
               | system that is sufficiently functional for day-to-day
               | operations is often a challenge, let alone two.
        
               | mehrau wrote:
               | Yes buy the more high available you do the more it costs
               | and it's not like this happens every week.
        
               | sqeaky wrote:
               | As I was finishing my previous costs it occurred to me
               | that costs are fungible.
               | 
               | Money spent on spares is not spent on cares.
        
               | devilbunny wrote:
               | My hospital's network crashed this week (unrelated to
               | this). Was out for 2-3 hours in early afternoon.
               | 
               | The "downtime" computers were affected just like
               | everything else because there was no network.
               | 
               | Phones are all IP-based now; they didn't work.
               | 
               | Couldn't check patient histories, couldn't review labs,
               | etc. We could still get drugs, thankfully, since each
               | dispensing machine can operate offline.
        
               | zamadatix wrote:
               | There are often such plans from DR systems to isolated
               | backups to secondary system, as much as risk management
               | budget allow at least. Of course it takes time to switch
               | to these and back, the missing records cause chaos (both
               | inside synced systems and with patient data) both ways
               | and it takes a while to do. On top of that not every
               | system will be covered so it's still a limited state.
        
               | jmcgough wrote:
               | We have "downtime" systems in place, basically an
               | isolated Epic cluster, to prevent situations like this.
               | The problem is that this wasn't a software update that
               | was downloaded by our computers, it was a configuration
               | change by Crowdstrike that was immediately picked up by
               | all computers running its agent. And, because hospitals
               | are being heavily targeted by encryption attacks right
               | now, it's installed on EVERY machine in the hospital,
               | which brought down our Epic cluster and the disaster
               | recovery cluster. A true single point of failure.
        
               | lr1970 wrote:
               | There are problems with getting lab results, X-rays, CT
               | and MRI scans. They do not have paper-based Plan B. IT
               | outage in a modern hospital is a major risk to life and
               | health of their patients.
        
               | danudey wrote:
               | > So while you can write down a prescription and cut a
               | person open you can't manually do things pull up the
               | patient's medical history for the last 10 years in a few
               | seconds, have an image read remotely when there isn't a
               | radiologist available on site, or electronically file for
               | the meds to just show up instantly (all depending on what
               | the outage issue is affecting of course).
               | 
               | I worked for a company that sold and managed medical
               | radiology imaging systems. One of our customers' admins
               | called and said "Hey, new scans aren't being properly
               | processed so radiologists can't bring them up in the
               | viewer". I told him I'd take a look at it right away.
               | 
               | A few minutes later, he called back; one of their ERs had
               | a patient dying of a gunshot wound and the surgeon needed
               | to get the xray up so he could see where the bullet was
               | lodged before the guy bled out on the table.
               | 
               | Long outages are terrifying, but it only takes a few
               | minutes for someone to die because people didn't have the
               | information they needed to make the right calls.
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | What's insane medical malpractice is that radiology scans
               | aren't displayed locally first.
               | 
               | You don't need 4 years of specialized training to see a
               | bullet on a scan.
        
               | brendoelfrendo wrote:
               | GP referred to "processed," which could mean a few
               | things. I interpreted it to mean that the images were not
               | recording correctly locally prior to any upload, and they
               | needed assistance with that machine or the software on
               | it.
        
               | jmcgough wrote:
               | We can definitely get local imaging with X-Ray and
               | ultrasound - we use bedside machines that can be used and
               | interpreted quickly.
               | 
               | X-Ray has limitations though - most of our emergencies
               | aren't as easy to diagnose as bullets or pneumonia. CT,
               | CTA, and to a lesser extent MRI are really critical in
               | the emergency department, and you definitely need four
               | years of training to interpret them, and a computer to
               | let you view the scan layer-by-layer. For many smaller
               | hospitals they may not have radiology on-site and instead
               | use a remote radiology service that handles multiple
               | hospitals. It's hard to get doctors who want to live near
               | or commute to more rural hospitals, so easier for a
               | radiologist to remotely support several.
        
               | zamadatix wrote:
               | Yep, when patients often still die while everything is
               | working fine even a minor inconvenience like "all of the
               | desktop icons reset by mistake" can be enough to tilt the
               | needle the wrong way for someone.
        
               | singleshot_ wrote:
               | I used to work for a company that provided network
               | performance monitoring to hospitals. I am telling a Story
               | second hand that I heard the CEO share.
               | 
               | One day, during a rapid pediatric patient intervention, a
               | caregiver tried to log in to a PC to check a drug
               | interaction. The computer took a long time to log in
               | because of a VDI problem where someone had stored many
               | images in a file that had to be copied on login. While
               | the care team was waiting for the computer, an urgent
               | decision was made to give the drug. But a drug
               | interaction happened -- one that would have been caught,
               | had the VDI session initialized more quickly.
               | 
               | The patient died and the person whose VDI profile
               | contained the images in the bad directory committed
               | suicide. Two lives lost because files were in the wrong
               | directory.
        
               | jmcgough wrote:
               | Thank you, I'm quickly becoming tired of HN posters
               | assuming they know how hospitals operate and asking why
               | we didn't just use Linux.
        
             | jmcgough wrote:
             | I will say - the way we typically find out really sends a
             | shiver down your spine.
             | 
             | You come in for you next shift and are finishing charting
             | from your prior shift. You open one of your partially
             | finished charts and a little popup tells you "you are
             | editing the chart for a deceased patient".
        
               | plonk wrote:
               | Sounds like this is hugely emotionally taxing, do you
               | just get used to it after a while, or is it a constant
               | weight?
               | 
               | This is why I'm impressed by anyone who works in a
               | hospital, especially the more urgent/intensive care
        
         | swyx wrote:
         | i mean not just dollars but lives also right? do we have a way
         | to track that?
        
           | aydyn wrote:
           | Yup through electronic medical records... o wait
        
           | lupire wrote:
           | What's the NASDAQ ticker for lives?
        
         | beeboobaa3 wrote:
         | And how many lifes lost?
        
         | kyledrake wrote:
         | I remember a fed speaker in the 90s at Alexis hotel Defcon
         | trying to rationalize their weirdly over-aggressive approach to
         | enforcement by mentioning how hackers would potentially kill
         | people in hospitals, fast forward to today and it's literally
         | the "security" software vendor that's causing it.
        
           | emodendroket wrote:
           | Not like hackers haven't done the same.
        
             | Quarrelsome wrote:
             | nothing like this scale. These machines are full blue
             | screen and completely inoperable.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | The problem is concentration risk and incentives.
               | Everyone is incentivized to follow the herd and buy
               | Crowdstrike for EDR because of sentiment and network
               | effects. You have to check the box, you have to be able
               | to say you're defending against this risk (Evolve Bank
               | had no EDR, for example), and you have to be able to
               | defend your choice. You've now concentrated operational
               | risk in one vendor, versus multiple competing vendors and
               | products minimizing blast radius. No one ever got fired
               | for buying Crowdstrike previously, and you will have an
               | uphill climb internally attempting to argue that your org
               | shouldn't pick what the bubble considers the best
               | control.
               | 
               | With that said, Microsoft could've done this with
               | Defender just as easily, so be mindful of system
               | diversity in your business continuity and disaster
               | recovery plans and enterprise architecture. Heterogeneous
               | systems can have inherent benefits.
        
               | mango7283 wrote:
               | If you have a networked hybrid heterogeneous system
               | though now you have weakest link issue, since lateral
               | movement can now happen after your weaker perimeter tool
               | is breached
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | A threat actor able to evade EDR and moving laterally or
               | pivoting through your env should be an assumption you've
               | planned for (we do). Defense in depth, layered controls.
               | Systems, network, identity, etc. One control should never
               | be the difference between success and failure.
               | 
               | https://apnews.com/article/tech-outage-crowdstrike-
               | microsoft...
               | 
               | > "This is a function of the very homogenous technology
               | that goes into the backbone of all of our IT
               | infrastructure," said Gregory Falco, an assistant
               | professor of engineering at Cornell University. "What
               | really causes this mess is that we rely on very few
               | companies, and everybody uses the same folks, so everyone
               | goes down at the same time."
        
               | philipwhiuk wrote:
               | WannaCry did about the same damage to be honest. To
               | pretty much the same systems.
               | 
               | The irony is the NHS likely installed CrowdStrike as a
               | direct reaction to WannaCry.
        
               | smsm42 wrote:
               | The difference is malware infection is usually random and
               | gradual. CrowdStrike screwup is everything at once with
               | 100% lethality.
        
               | mttpgn wrote:
               | I want to agree with the point you're making, but
               | WannaCry, to take one example, had an impact at roughly
               | this scale.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | I think recovering from this incident will be more
               | straightforward than WannaCry.
               | 
               | At large-scale, you don't solve problems, you only
               | replace them with smaller ones.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | Computers hit by ransomware are also inoperable, and
               | ransomware is wildly prevalent.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | Yes, but computers get infected by ransomware randomly;
               | Crowdstrike infected large amount of life-critical
               | systems worldwide over some time, and then struck them
               | all down at the same time.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | I'm not sure I agree, ransomware attacks against
               | organizations are often targeted. They might not all
               | happen on the same day, but it is even worse: an ongoing
               | threat every day.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | It's why it's _not_ worse - an ongoing threat means only
               | small amount of systems are affected at a time, and there
               | is time to develop countermeasures. An attack on
               | everything all at once is much more damaging, especially
               | when it eliminates fallback options - like the hospital
               | that can 't divert their patients because every other
               | hospital in the country is down too, and so is 911.
        
               | p_l wrote:
               | Ransomware that affects only individual computers died
               | not get payouts outside of hitting extremely incompetent
               | orgs.
               | 
               | If you want actually good payout, your crypto locker has
               | to either encrypt network filesystems, or infect crucial
               | core systems (domain controllers, database servers, the
               | filers directly, etc).
               | 
               | Ransomware getting smarter about sideways movement, and
               | proper data exfiltration etc attacks, are part of what
               | led to proliferation of requirements for EDRs like
               | Crowdstrike, btw
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | Ransomware vendors at least _try_ to avoid causing damage
               | to critical infrastructure, or hitting way too many
               | systems simultaneously - it 's good neither for business
               | nor for their prospects of staying alive and free.
               | 
               | But that's besides the point. Point is, attacks
               | distributed over time and space ultimately make the
               | overall system more resilient; an attack happening
               | everywhere at once is what kills complex systems.
               | 
               | > _Ransomware getting smarter about sideways movement,
               | and proper data exfiltration etc attacks, are part of
               | what led to proliferation of requirements for EDRs like
               | Crowdstrike, btw_
               | 
               | To use medical analogy, this is saying that the pathogens
               | got smarter at moving around, the immune system got put
               | on a hair trigger, leading to a cytokine storm caused by
               | random chance, almost killing the patient. Well,
               | hopefully our global infrastructure won't die. The
               | ultimate problem here isn't pathogens (ransomware), but
               | the oversensitive immune system (EDRs).
        
             | olyjohn wrote:
             | Not like the security software has ever stopped it.
        
               | p_l wrote:
               | A lot of security software, ranging from properly using
               | EDRs like Crowdstrike to things like simply setting some
               | rules in Windows File Server Resource Manager fooled many
               | ransomware attacks at the very least
        
             | rdtsc wrote:
             | At least hackers let people boot their machines, and some
             | even have an automated way to restore the files after a
             | payment. CS doesn't even do that. Hackers are looking
             | better and more professional if we're going to put them in
             | the same bucket, that is.
        
               | bostik wrote:
               | The criminal crews have a reputation to uphold. You don't
               | deliver on payment, the word gets around and soon enough
               | _nobody_ is going to pay them.
               | 
               | These security software vendors have found a wonderful
               | tacit moat: they have managed to infect various
               | questionnaire templates by being present in a short list
               | of "pre-vetted and known" choices in a
               | dropdown/radiobutton menu. If you select the sane option
               | ("other"), you get to explain to technically inept bean
               | counters why you did so.
               | 
               | Repeat that for every single regulator, client auditing
               | team, insurance company, etc. ... and soon enough someone
               | will decide it's easier and cheaper to pick an option
               | that gets you through the blind-leading-the-blind
               | question karaoke with less headaches.
               | 
               | Remember: vast majority of so-called security products
               | are sold to people high up in the management chain, but
               | they are _inflicted upon_ their victims. The incentives
               | are perverse, and the outcomes accordingly predictable.
        
               | MikePlacid wrote:
               | > If you select the sane option ("other"), you get to
               | explain to technically inept bean counters why you did
               | so.
               | 
               | Tell them it's for preserving diversity in the field.
        
               | bostik wrote:
               | Funnily enough, a bit of snark can help from time to
               | time.
               | 
               | For anyone browsing the thread archive in the future: you
               | can have that quip in your back pocket and use it
               | verbally when having to discuss the bingo sheet results
               | with someone competent. It's a good bit of extra
               | material, but it can not[ss] be your sole reason. The
               | term you do want to remember is "additional benefit".
               | 
               | The reasons you actually write down boil down to four
               | things. High-level technical overview of your chosen
               | solution. Threat model. Outcomes. And compensating
               | controls. (As cringy as that sounds.)
               | 
               | If you can demonstrate that you UNDERSTAND the underlying
               | problem, and consider each bingo sheet entry an attempt
               | at tackling _a symptom_ , you will be on firmer ground.
               | Focusing on threat model and the desired outcomes helps
               | to answer the question, "what exactly are you trying to
               | protect yourself from, and why?"
               | 
               | ss: I face off with auditors and non-technical security
               | people all the time. I used to face off with regulators
               | in the past. In my experience, both groups respond to
               | outcome-based risk modeling. But you have to be _deeply_
               | technical to be able to dissect and explain their own
               | questions back to them in terms that map to reality and
               | the underlying technical details.
        
           | BuckRogers wrote:
           | I can't imagine why any critical system is connected to the
           | internet at all. It never made sense to me. Wifi should not
           | be present on any critical system board and ethernet plugged
           | in only when needed for maintenance.
           | 
           | This should be the standard for any life sustaining or
           | surgical systems, and any critical weapons systems.
        
             | vitaflo wrote:
             | I work for a large medical device company and my team works
             | on securing medical devices. At least at my company as a
             | general rule, the more expensive the equipment (and thus
             | the more critical the equipment, think surgical robots) the
             | less likely it will ever be connected to a network, and
             | that is exactly because of what you said, you remove so
             | many security issues when you keep devices in a
             | disconnected state.
             | 
             | Most of what I do is creating the tools to let the field
             | reps go into hospitals and update capital equipment in a
             | disconnected state (IE, the reps must be physically
             | tethered to the device to interact with it). The fact that
             | any critical equipment would get an auto-update, especially
             | mid-surgery is incredibly bad practice.
        
               | nothercastle wrote:
               | All this stuff could easily be airgapped or revert to USB
               | stick fail safe.
        
               | mandevil wrote:
               | Have you ever tried to airgap a gigantic wifi network
               | across several buildings?
               | 
               | Has to be wifi because the carts the nurses use roll
               | around. Has to be networked so you can have EMR's that
               | keep track of what your patients have gotten and the
               | Pharmacists, doctors, and nurses can interface with the
               | Pyxis machines correctly. The nurse scans a patients
               | barcode at the Pyxis, the drawer opens to give them the
               | drugs, and then they go into the patient's room and scan
               | the drug barcode and the patients barcode before
               | administering the drug. This system is to prevent the
               | wrong drug from being administered, and has dramatically
               | dropped the rates of mis-administering drugs. The network
               | has to be everywhere on campus (often times across many
               | buildings). Then the doctor needs to see the results of
               | the tests and imaging- who is running around delivering
               | all of these scans to the right doctors?
               | 
               | You don't know what you are talking about if you think
               | this is easy.
        
               | ngcc_hk wrote:
               | Air gap the system with the external world is different
               | from air gap internally. The systems are only update via
               | physical means. And possibly all data in and out is
               | offline like, via certain double firewall arrangement
               | (you do not let direct contact but dump in and out
               | files). Not common but for industrial critical system saw
               | a few big shops did this.
        
               | mandevil wrote:
               | So how does a doctor issue a discharge order via
               | e-prescription to the patients pharmacy for them to pick
               | up when they leave? How do you update the badge readers
               | on the drug vaults when an employee leaves and you need
               | to deactivate their badge? How do you update the EMR's
               | from the hospital stay so the GP practice they use can
               | see them after discharge? How do you order more supplies
               | and pharmacy goods when you run out? How do you contact
               | the DEA to get approval for using certain scheduled meds?
               | I'm afraid that external networks are absolutely a
               | requirement for modern hospitals.
               | 
               | If the system has to be networked with the outside world,
               | who is responsible for physically updating all of these
               | machines, so they don't get ransomware'd? Who has to go
               | out and visit each individual machine and update it each
               | month so the MRI machine doesn't get bricked by some teen
               | ransomware gang? Remember that was the main threat
               | hospitals faced 3-4 years ago, which is why Crowdstrike
               | ended up on everyone's computer: because the ransomware
               | insurance people forced them too.
               | 
               | There is a reason that I am a software engineer and not
               | an IT person. I prefer solving more tractable problems,
               | and I think proving p!=np would be easier than
               | effectively protecting a large IT network for people who
               | are not computing professionals.
               | 
               | One of my favorite examples: in October 2013 casino/media
               | magnate and right wing billionaire Sheldon Adelson gave a
               | speech about how the US and Israel should use nuclear
               | weapons to stop Iran nuclear program. In February 2014 a
               | 150 line VB macro was installed on the Sands casino
               | network that replicated and deleted all HDDs, causing 150
               | million dollars of damage. That was to a casino, which
               | spends a lot of money on computer security, and even
               | employs some guys named Vito with tire irons. And it
               | wasn't nearly enough.
        
               | nothercastle wrote:
               | External networks are required but it should be possible
               | to air gap the critical stuff to read only. It's just
               | that it's costly and hospitals are poor/cheap
        
               | vitaflo wrote:
               | > Who has to go out and visit each individual machine and
               | update it each month so the MRI machine doesn't get
               | bricked by some teen ransomware gang?
               | 
               | The manufacturer does. As I mentioned in my OP I help
               | build the software for our field reps to go into
               | hospitals and clinics to update our devices in a
               | disconnected state. Most of the critical equipment we
               | manufacture has this as a requirement since it can't be
               | connected to a network for security reasons.
               | 
               | As for discharge orders, etc, I can't speak to that, but
               | that's also not what I would consider critical. I'm
               | talking about things like surgical robots, which can not
               | be connected to a network for obvious reasons, especially
               | during a surgery.
        
               | arrowsmith wrote:
               | Did this actually happen to medical equipment mid-surgery
               | today?
        
               | vitaflo wrote:
               | The OP for this very thread said as much.
        
               | phaedrus wrote:
               | I work for the government supporting critical equipment -
               | not in medical, in transportation sector - and the
               | systems my team supports not only are not connected to
               | the internet, they aren't even capable of being so
               | connected. Unfortunately the department responsible for
               | flogging us to do cybersecurity reporting (different org
               | branch than my team) has all our systems miscategorized
               | as IT data systems (when they don't even contain an
               | operating system). So we waste untold numbers of engineer
               | hours now reporting "0 devices affected" to lists of
               | CvE's and answering data calls about SSH, Oracle or Cisco
               | vulnerabilities, etc. etc. which we keep answering with
               | "this system is air gapped and uses a microcontroller
               | from 1980 that cannot run Windows or Linux" but the
               | cybersecurity-flogging department refuses to properly
               | categorize us. My colleague is convinced they're doing
               | that because it inflates their numbers of IT systems.
               | 
               | Anyway: it is getting to the point that I cynically
               | predict we may be required to add things to the system
               | (such as embedding PCs), just so we can turn around and
               | "secure" them to comply with the requirements that
               | shouldn't be applied to these systems. Maybe this current
               | outage event will be a wake up call to how misplaced the
               | priorities are, but I doubt it.
        
             | CamperBob2 wrote:
             | _and any critical weapons systems._
             | 
             | ... at which point you will lose battles to enemies who
             | have successfully networked their command and control
             | operations. (For extra laughs, just wait until this is also
             | true of AI.)
             | 
             | Ultimately there are just too darned many advantages to
             | connecting, automating, and eventually 'autonomizing'
             | everything in sight. It sucks when things don't go right,
             | or when a single point of failure causes a black-swan event
             | like this one, but in an environment where you're competing
             | against either time or external adversaries, the
             | alternatives are all worse.
        
               | Vegenoid wrote:
               | Yes, the efficiency gains of remote automated
               | administration and deployment make up for most outages
               | that are caused by it.
               | 
               | A better thing to do is do phased deployment, so you can
               | see if an update will cause issues in your environment
               | before pushing it to all systems. As this incident shows,
               | you can't trust a software vendor to have done that
               | themselves.
        
               | jmcgough wrote:
               | This wasn't a binary patch though, it was a configuration
               | change that was fed to every device. Which raises a LOT
               | of questions about how this could have happened and why
               | it wasn't caught sooner.
        
               | Vegenoid wrote:
               | As in, there was no way to have configured the sensors to
               | prevent this? They were just going to get this if they
               | were connected to the internet? If I was an admin that
               | would make me very angry.
        
               | nrr wrote:
               | Writing from the SRE side of the discipline, it's
               | commonly a configuration change (or a "flag flip") that
               | ultimately winds up causing an outage. All too seldom are
               | configuration data considered part of the same deployable
               | surface area (and, as a corollary, part of the same blast
               | radius) as program text.
               | 
               | I've mostly resigned myself today to deploying the
               | configuration change and watching for anomalies in my
               | monitoring for a number of hours or days afterward, but I
               | acknowledge that I also have both a process supervisor
               | that will happily let me crash loop my programs and
               | deployment infrastructure that will nonetheless allow me
               | to roll things back. Without either of those, I'm
               | honestly at a loss as to how I'd safely operate this
               | product.
        
               | Cyphase wrote:
               | # Update A              ## config.ext              foo =
               | false              ## src.py              from config
               | import config              if config('foo'):
               | work(2 / 0)       else:           work(10 / 5)
               | 
               | "Yep, we rigorously tested it."                 # Update
               | B              ## config.ext              foo = true
               | 
               | "It's just a config change, let's go live."
        
               | nrr wrote:
               | Yeah, that's about right.
               | 
               | The most insidious part of this is when there are entire
               | swaths of infrastructure in place that circumvent the
               | usual code review process in order to execute those
               | configuration changes. Boolean flags like your
               | `config('foo')` here are most common, but I've also seen
               | nested dictionaries shoved through this way.
        
               | disgruntledphd2 wrote:
               | When I was at FB there were a load of SEVs caused by
               | config changes, such that the repo itself would print out
               | a huge warning about updating configs and show you how to
               | do a canary to avoid this problem.
        
               | upwardbound wrote:
               | Or the opposite: the enemy (or a third-party enemy who
               | wasn't previously a combatant in the battle) hijacks your
               | entire naval USV/UUV fleet & air force drone fleet using
               | an advanced cyberattack, and suddenly your enemy's
               | military force has almost doubled while yours is down to
               | almost zero, and these hijacked machines are within your
               | own lines.
        
             | johnny22 wrote:
             | I think the criticial systems here are often the ones that
             | _need_ to be connected to some network. Somebody up there
             | mentioned how the MRI worked fine, but they still needed to
             | get the results to the people who needed it. So the problem
             | there was more doctor  <-> doctor.
        
               | jmcgough wrote:
               | Yeah, our imaging devices were working fine, but with
               | Epic down, you lose most of your communication between
               | departments and your sole way of sharing radiology images
               | and interpretations.
        
             | xeonmc wrote:
             | > Roslin: ...it tells people things like where the restroom
             | is, and--
             | 
             | > Adama: It's an integrated computer network, and I will
             | not have it aboard this ship.
             | 
             | > Roslin: I heard you're one of those people. You're
             | actually afraid of computers.
             | 
             | > Adama: No, there are many computers on this ship. But
             | they're not networked.
             | 
             | > Roslin: A computerized network would simply make it
             | faster and easier for the teachers to be able to teach--
             | 
             | > Adama: Let me explain something to you. Many good men and
             | women lost their lives aboard this ship because someone
             | wanted a faster computer to make life easier. I'm sorry
             | that I'm inconveniencing you or the teachers, but I will
             | not allow a networked computerized system to be placed on
             | this ship while I'm in command. Is that clear?
             | 
             | > Roslin: Yes, sir.
             | 
             | > Adama: Thank you. 'Scuse me.
        
             | mandevil wrote:
             | My wife is a hospital pharmacist. (1) When she gets a new
             | prescription in, she needs to see the patients charts on
             | the electronic medical records, and then if she approves
             | the medication a drawer in the Pyxis cabinet (2) will open
             | up when a nurse scans the patients barcode, allowing them
             | to remove the medication, and then the nurse will scan the
             | patient's barcode and the medication barcode in the
             | patients room to record that it was delivered at a certain
             | time. Computers are everywhere in healthcare, because they
             | need records and computers are great at record-keeping. All
             | of those need networks to connect them, mostly on wifi (so
             | the nurses scanners can read things).
             | 
             | In theory you could build an air-gapped network within a
             | hospital, but then how do you transmit updates to the EMR's
             | across different campuses of your hospital? How do you
             | issue electronic prescriptions for patients to pick up at
             | their home pharmacy? How do you handle off-site data
             | backup?
             | 
             | Quite honestly, outside of defense applications I'm not
             | aware of people building large air-gapped networks (and
             | from experience, most defense networks aren't truly air-
             | gapped any more, though I won't go into detail). Hospitals,
             | power plants, dams, etc. all of them rely heavily on
             | computers these days, and connect those over the regular
             | internet.
             | 
             | 1: My wife was the only pharmacist in her department last
             | night whose computer was unaffected by Crowdstrike (for
             | unknown reasons). She couldn't record her work in the
             | normal ways, because the servers were Crowdstrike'd as
             | well. So she spun up a document of her decisions and
             | approvals, for later entry into the systems. It was over 70
             | pages long when she went off shift this morning. She's
             | asleep right now.
             | 
             | 2: https://www.bd.com/en-uk/products-and-
             | solutions/products/pro...
        
               | Woodi wrote:
               | First - drop "air-gapped" term and replace it with
               | "internet-gapped". TA^h^h^a^a! And it already have a
               | name: "The LAN"... Now teach managers about importance of
               | local net vs open/public/world net. Tell them cloud costs
               | more _becouse someone is making a fortune or three on it_
               | !
               | 
               | TIP: many buildings can be part of one LAN! It is called
               | VPN and Russia and China do not like it becouse it is
               | good for peoples!
               | 
               | TIP: data can be easily exchanged when needed! Including
               | LAN.
               | 
               | --
               | 
               | My wife is a hospital pharmacist. (1) When she gets a new
               | prescription in, she needs to see the patients charts on
               | the electronic medical records, and then if she approves
               | the medication a drawer in the Pyxis cabinet (2) will
               | open up when a nurse scans the patients barcode, allowing
               | them to remove the medication, and then the nurse will
               | scan the patient's barcode and the medication barcode in
               | the patients room to record that it was delivered at a
               | certain time. Computers are everywhere in healthcare,
               | because they need records and computers are great at
               | record-keeping. All of those need networks to connect
               | them, mostly on wifi (so the nurses scanners can read
               | things).
               | 
               | --
               | 
               | It was description of very _local_ workflow...
               | 
               | It was description of data flow - no _any_ reason it
               | should be monopolized by _unsecure by design os_ vendor
               | that need to be _mandatory_ secured by essentialy _kernel
               | rootkit_ aka os hacking. Which contradicts using that os
               | in the first place!
               | 
               | And looks like Crowdstrike is just _if you ask for price
               | then you can 't have it_ version of SELinux :>>> RH++ for
               | two decades of making presentations of SELinux necessity.
               | 
               | But over all allowing automatic updates from 3rd party
               | not having clue about medicine to hospital system, etc.
               | is managers criminal negligence. Simple as that. Curent
               | state of the art ? More negligence! Add (business)
               | academia & co to chronic offenders. Call them what they
               | truly are - _sociopaths via craft_ training facilities.
               | 
               | >In theory you could build an air-gapped network within a
               | hospital, but then how >do you transmit updates to the
               | EMR's across different campuses of your hospital?
               | 
               | How do you transmit to other campuses of _other_
               | hospitals ? EASY! Transfer mandatory data. Pleas notice I
               | used words like  "mandatory" and "data". I DID NOT SAY
               | "use mandatory http stack to transfer data"! NO. NO, I'm
               | _far_ , _faaar_ from even sugesting _THAT_ ! : >
               | 
               | >How do you issue electronic prescriptions for patients
               | to pick up at their home pharmacy?
               | 
               | Hard sold on that "air-gapped and in cage" meme, eh? Send
               | them required data via secure and private method!
               | Communications channels already "hacked" - monopolized -
               | by FB? Obviously that should do not happend in first
               | place. So resolve it as part of un-win-dosing critical
               | civilian infra.
               | 
               | >How do you handle off-site data backup?
               | 
               | That one I do not get. You saying that cloud access is a
               | only possibility to have backups??? And Internet is a
               | must to do it?? Is medical staff brain dead? Ah, no...
               | It's just managers... Again.
               | 
               | >Quite honestly, outside of defense applications I'm not
               | aware of people building large air-gapped networks
               | 
               | And dhcp and "super glue" and tons of other things was
               | invented by military, for a reason, but that things
               | proliferated to civilians anyway. For good reasons. Air-
               | gapping should be much more common when wifi signal
               | allows tracking how you _move_ in your own home. Not to
               | mention GSM+ based  "technologies"...
               | 
               | There is old saying: Computers maximize doing. And when
               | somewhere is chaos then computers simply do their work.
        
             | bradfox2 wrote:
             | This is the way it's done in the nuclear industry across
             | the US for power and enrichment facilities.
             | Operational/secure section of the plant is airgapped with
             | hardware data diodes to let info out to engineers. Updates
             | and data are sneaker netted in.
        
           | zitterbewegung wrote:
           | Well cryptolockers have actually compromised various
           | hospitals and I remember the first one was in the United
           | Kingdom .
        
             | londons_explore wrote:
             | Don't forget that nearly all crypto lockers are run by
             | North Korea or other state espionage groups pretending to
             | be North Korea.
             | 
             | If we adjusted our foreign policy slightly, I think we
             | would dissuade that whole class of attacker.
        
           | kspacewalk2 wrote:
           | It's not like hackers haven't killed people in hospitals with
           | e.g. ransomware. Our local dinky hospital system was hit by
           | ransomware twice, which at the very least delayed some
           | important surgeries.
        
         | jodrellblank wrote:
         | > " _Took down our entire emergency department as we were
         | treating a heart attack._ "
         | 
         | Not questioning that it happened, but this was a boot loop
         | after a content update. So if the computers were off and didn't
         | get the update, and you booted them, they would be fine. And if
         | they were on and you were using them, they wouldn't be
         | rebooting, and it would be fine.
         | 
         | How did it happen that you were rebooting in the middle of
         | treating a heart attack? [Edit: BSOD -> auto reboot]
        
           | sleepydog wrote:
           | Not OP, but some (most? many?) machines receiving the update
           | crashed with a BSOD. So that's how they could enter the boot
           | loop.
        
             | jodrellblank wrote:
             | I just realised I had read that, but 4 minutes later and
             | it's too late to delete my comment now; Thanks, yes it
             | makes sense.
        
           | lupire wrote:
           | What happens when a computer gets rebooted as part of daily
           | practice or because of the update, and then it becomes
           | unusable, and then the treatment team needs to use it hours
           | later?
        
             | jodrellblank wrote:
             | I dunno, but they'd know about it hours earlier in time to
             | switch to paper, or pull out older computers, or something
             | - in that scenario it wouldn't have happened "as we were
             | treating a heart attack" and they would have had time to
             | prepare.
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | Beyond the BSOD that happened in this case, in general this
           | is _not_ true with Windows:
           | 
           | > _And if they were on and you were using them, they wouldn
           | 't be rebooting, and it would be fine._
           | 
           | Windows has been notorious for _forcing_ updates down your
           | throat, and rebooting at the least appropriate moments (like
           | during time-sensitive presentations, because that 's when you
           | stepped away from the keyboard for 5 minutes to set up the
           | projector). And that's in private setting. Corporate setting,
           | the IT department is likely setting up even more aggressive
           | and less workaround-able reboot schedule.
           | 
           | Things like this is exactly why people hate auto-updates.
        
             | axlee wrote:
             | Windows Update has nothing to do with it.
        
               | olyjohn wrote:
               | But it has created a culture of everything needing to be
               | kept up to date all the time no matter what, and pulling
               | control of those updates out of your own hands into the
               | provider's.
        
               | whydoyoucare wrote:
               | True, especially when a reboot of Windows takes several
               | minutes because it started auto-applying updates!
        
               | p_l wrote:
               | Windows update actually provides sensible control over
               | when and how to supply updates since I think Windows 2000
               | (definitely was there by vista time). You just need to
               | use it.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | It was _degrading_ since Windows 2000, with Microsoft
               | steadily removing and patching up any clever workarounds
               | people came with to prevent the system from automatically
               | rebooting. The pinnacle of that, an insult added to
               | injury, was introduction of  "active hours" - a period
               | of, initially, at most 8 or 10 hours, designated as the
               | only time in the day your system would not reboot due to
               | updates. Sucks if your computer isn't an office machine
               | only ever used 9-to-5.
        
               | p_l wrote:
               | No, it was not degrading - Windows 10 introduced forced
               | updating in _home editions_ because it was weighed to be
               | better for general cases (that it got abused later is
               | separate issue).
               | 
               | The assumption is that "pros" and "enterprise" either
               | know how to use provided controls or have WSUS server
               | setup which takes over all of scheduling updates.
        
               | yellow_postit wrote:
               | How do you propose ensuring critical security updates get
               | deployed then?
               | 
               | Especially if an infected machine can attack others?
               | 
               | Users/IT regularly would never update or deploy patches
               | which has its own consequences. There's no perfect
               | solution--but rather there to accept the pain.
               | 
               | It's a lot like herd immunity in vaccines.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | > _It's a lot like herd immunity in vaccines._
               | 
               | Yes. But you don't deploy experimental vaccines
               | simultaneously across the entire population all at once.
               | Inoculating an entire country takes months; the logistics
               | incidentally provide protection against unforeseen
               | immediate-term dangerous side effects. Without that
               | delay, well, every now and then you'd kill half the
               | population with a bad vaccine. The equivalent of what's
               | happening now with CrowdStrike.
        
             | jodrellblank wrote:
             | > " _Windows has been notorious for forcing updates down
             | your throat_ "
             | 
             | in the same way cars are notorious for forcing you to run
             | out of gas while you're driving them and leaving you
             | stranded... because you didn't make time to refill them
             | before it became a problem.
             | 
             | > " _Things like this is exactly why people hate auto-
             | updates._ "
             | 
             | And people also hate making time for routine maintenance,
             | and hate getting malware from exploits they didn't patch,
             | and companies hate getting DDoS'd by compromised Windows
             | PCs the owners didn't patch, and companies hate downtime
             | from attackers taking them offline. There isn't an answer
             | which will please everyone.
        
               | TeaBrain wrote:
               | This isn't really a good faith response. This prevention
               | of functionality during a critical period while forcing
               | an update would be like if a modern car refused to drive
               | during an emergency due to a forced over the air update
               | that paused the ability to drive till the update was
               | finished.
        
               | jodrellblank wrote:
               | The parent response wasn't good faith; it was leaning on
               | an emergency in a hospital department caused by
               | CrowdStrike to whine about Microsoft in trollbait style.
               | 
               | > " _This prevention of functionality during a critical
               | period while forcing an update would be like if a modern
               | car refused to drive during an emergency_ "
               | 
               | Machines don't know if there's an emergency going on; if
               | you don't do maintenance, knowing that the thing will
               | fail if you don't, then you're rolling the dice on
               | whether it fails right when you need it. It's akin to not
               | renewing an SSL certificate - you knew it was coming, you
               | didn't deal with it, now it's broken - despite all
               | reasonable arguments that the connection is approximately
               | as safe 1 minute after midnight as it was 1 minute
               | before, if the smartphone app (or whatever) doesn't give
               | you any expired cert override then complaining does
               | nothing. Windows updates are released the same day every
               | month, and have been mandatory for _eight years_ : https:
               | //www.forbes.com/sites/amitchowdhry/2015/07/20/windows...
               | 
               | And we all know why - because Windows had a reputation of
               | being horribly insecure, and when Microsoft patched
               | things, nobody installed the patches. So now people have
               | to install the patches. Complaining "I want to do it
               | myself" leads to the very simple reply: you can - why
               | didn't you do it yourself before it caused you a problem?
               | 
               | If you're still stubbornly refusing to install them,
               | refusing to disable them, refusing to move to macOS or
               | Linux, and then complaining that they _forced_ you to
               | update at an inconvenient time, you should expect people
               | to point out how ridiculous (and off-topic) you 're
               | being.
        
               | TeaBrain wrote:
               | But that's the thing, forced updates are not akin to
               | maintenance or certs that expire on an annual basis. I'm
               | not sure where you seem to be getting your "you should
               | expect people to point out how ridiculous you're being"
               | line from. Your the only one I'm seeing arguing this
               | idea.
        
               | p_l wrote:
               | Disabling forced updates by using proper managed updates
               | features _that exist longer than "forced updates" had_ is
               | table stakes for IT. In fact, it was considered important
               | and critical before Windows became major OS in business.
        
               | watersb wrote:
               | (Your user name is wonderful.)
               | 
               |  _> It 's akin to not renewing an SSL certificate._
               | 
               | Your choice of analogies is a good one. I have done SSL
               | type stuff since 1997.
               | 
               | Doesn't matter: I would have to work a few hours very
               | carefully before modifying my web server config. And test
               | it.
               | 
               | I am terrified by scale of deployment involved in this
               | CloudStrike update.
        
               | p_l wrote:
               | Not setting computers that are in any critical path on
               | proper maintenance schedule (which, btw, overrides
               | automatic updates on Windows and doesn't require extra
               | licenses!) is the same as willfully ignoring maintenance
               | just because the car didn't punch you in the face every
               | time you need to up some fluids
        
               | TeaBrain wrote:
               | I agree that it is willfully ignoring maintenance, but I
               | completely disagree with the analogy that it is the same
               | as ignoring a fluid change in a car. A car will break
               | down and may stop working without fluid changes. The same
               | is almost assuredly not usually true if a windows, or
               | other, update is ignored. If you disagree, then I'd be
               | happy to review any evidence you have that these updates
               | really are always as critical as you think.
        
               | p_l wrote:
               | A lot of things that come as "mandatory patches" in IT,
               | not just for Windows, are things that tend to generate
               | recalls - or "sucks to be you, buy new car" in automotive
               | world.
               | 
               | In more professional settings than private small car
               | ownership, you often will both have regular maintenance
               | updates provided _and_ mandates to follow them. Sometimes
               | they are optional because your environment doesn 't
               | depend on them, sometimes they are mandatory fixes,
               | sometimes they change from optional to mandatory
               | overnight when previous assumptions no longer apply.
               | 
               | Several years ago a bit over 100 people and uncounted
               | amount of possible more had their lives endangered
               | because an extra airflow directing piece of metal was
               | optional, and after the incident it was quickly made
               | mandatory, with hundreds of aircraft being stopped to
               | have the fix applied (which previously was only required
               | for hot locations - climate change really bit it).
               | 
               | Similarly, when you drive your car and it fails to
               | operate, that's just you. When it's a more critical
               | service, you're either facing corporate, or in worst
               | case, governmental questions.
        
             | p_l wrote:
             | We do not know if the update was new version of the driver
             | (which also can be updated without reboot on Windows
             | since... ~17 years ago at least) or if it was done data
             | that was hot-reloaded that triggered a latent big in the
             | driver
        
           | newhotelowner wrote:
           | Half of the hotels (Choice) computers were down. We never
           | reboot the computer, unless it's not working or working
           | slowly or Windows update.
        
             | p_l wrote:
             | A lot of security software updates on-line, workout
             | rebooting.
             | 
             | If said update pushes you into bsod where automatic
             | watchdog (by default set enabled in windows)
             | reboots...well, here you have a bootloop
        
           | a0123 wrote:
           | idk, a lot of system are never meant to be rebooted outside
           | of the update schedule, so they wouldn't have been off in the
           | first place. And if those systems control others, then there
           | is a domino effect.
           | 
           | I can see very well how one computer could have screwed all
           | others. It's really not hard to imagine.
        
             | p_l wrote:
             | And dove software is supposed to hot patch itself because
             | you might not have time to take systems offline to deal
             | with ongoing attack, for example
        
         | davycro wrote:
         | The system crashed while my coworker was running a code (aka
         | doing CPR) in the ER last night. Healthcare IT is so bad at
         | baseline that we are somewhat prepared for an outage while
         | resuscitating a critical patient.
        
           | smsm42 wrote:
           | Now this is an unusual meeting of two meanings of "running a
           | code".
        
             | iamtheworstdev wrote:
             | there's a great meme out there that says something like:
             | Everyone on my floor is coding! \n Software PMs: :-D \n
             | Doctors: :-O
        
               | jmcgough wrote:
               | When you're a software engineer turned doctor you get
               | sent that by all of your friends xD
        
           | dwatson92 wrote:
           | Excuse my ignorance, but what systems are needed for CPR?
        
             | pksebben wrote:
             | My guess is the system that notifies the next caretaker in
             | the chain that someone is currently receiving CPR.
             | 
             |  _if_ it works, there 's a lot more to be done to get the
             | patient to stable.
        
             | SamuelAdams wrote:
             | I used to work in healthcare IT. Running a code is not
             | always only CPR.
             | 
             | Different medications may be pushed (injected into the
             | patient) to help stabilize them. These medications are
             | recorded via a bar code and added to the patients chart in
             | Epic. Epic is the source of truth for the current state of
             | the patient. So if that is suddenly unavailable that is a
             | big problem.
        
               | dwatson92 wrote:
               | Makes sense, thank you for the explanation.
        
               | 627467 wrote:
               | Okay,not having historical data avaliable to make
               | decision on what to put into a patient is understandable
               | - but maybe also print critical stuff per patient once a
               | day? - but not being able to log an action in realtime
               | should not be a critical problem.
        
               | pas wrote:
               | maybe non-volatile e-paper, which can be updated easily
               | if things are up, and if the system is down it still
               | works as well as the printouts
        
               | anonymous8888 wrote:
               | updatable e-paper is going to be very expensive
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | A small printer connected to the scanner should do.
        
               | pas wrote:
               | Compared to managing thousands of printers? And then the
               | resulting printouts? Buying ink, changing the cartridges?
               | 
               | Technologically it seems doable. Big enough order brings
               | down the costs.
               | 
               | https://soldered.com/product/soldered-
               | inkplate-5-5-2%e2%80%b...
               | 
               | Of course the real backup plan should be designed based
               | on the actual needs, perhaps the whole system needs an
               | "offline mode" switch. I assume they already run things
               | locally, in case the big cable seeker machine arrives in
               | the neighborhood.
        
               | jacurtis wrote:
               | I don't think it is historical data required to make a
               | decision, it is required to store the action for
               | historical purposes in the future. This is ultimately to
               | bill you and to track that a doctor isn't stealing
               | medication, improperly treating the patient, and to track
               | it for legal purposes.
               | 
               | Some hospitals require you to input this in order to even
               | get physical access to the medications.
               | 
               | Although a crash cart would normally have common things
               | necessary to save someone in an emergency, so I would
               | think that if someone was truly dying they could get them
               | what they needed. But of course there are going to be
               | exceptions and a system being down will only make the
               | process harder.
        
               | adolph wrote:
               | > maybe also print critical stuff per patient once a day?
               | 
               | Yep, the business continuity boxes are basically
               | minimally connected PDF archives of patient records
               | "printed" multiple times a day.
        
               | efitz wrote:
               | This.
               | 
               | Anyone involved in designing and/or deploying a system
               | where an application outage threatens life safety, should
               | be charged with criminal negligence.
               | 
               | A receipt printer in every patient room seems like a
               | reasonable investment.
        
               | jmcgough wrote:
               | I don't think you understand the scale of this problem.
               | Computers were not up to print from. Our Epic cluster was
               | down for placing and receiving orders. Our lab was down
               | and unable to process bloodwork - should we bring out the
               | mortar and pestle and start doing medicine the old
               | fashioned way? Should we be charged with "criminal
               | negligence" for not having a jar of leeches on hand for
               | when all else fails?
        
               | efitz wrote:
               | I was advocating for a paper fall back. That means that
               | WHILE the computers are running, you must create a paper
               | record, eg "medication x administered at time y", etc.,
               | hence the receipt printers, which are cheap and low-
               | dependency.
               | 
               | The grandparent indicated that the problem was that when
               | all tow computers went down, they couldn't look up what
               | had already been done for the patient. I suggested a
               | simple solution for that - receipt printers.
               | 
               | After the computers fail you tape the receipt to the wall
               | and fall pack to pen and paper until the computers come
               | back up.
               | 
               | I completely understand the scale of the outage today. I
               | am saying that it was a stupid decision and possibly
               | criminally negligent to make a life critical process
               | dependent on the availability of a distributed IT
               | application not specifically designed for life critical
               | availability. I strongly stand by that POV.
        
               | jmcgough wrote:
               | This would be a disaster from a HIPAA perspective, and an
               | unimaginable amount of paperwork.
        
               | galangalalgol wrote:
               | This approach is also what popped in my head. I've seen
               | people use white boards for this already so it must be ok
               | from a hipaa standpoint.
        
               | mandevil wrote:
               | A hospital my wife worked at over a decade ago didn't use
               | EMR's, it was all on paper. Each patient had a binder.
               | Per stay. And for many of them it rolled into another
               | binder. (This was neuro-ICU so generally lengthy patient
               | stays with lots of activity, but not super-unusual or Dr
               | House stuff, every major city in America will have 2-3
               | different hospitals with that level of care.)
               | 
               | But they switched over to EMR because the advantages of
               | Pyxis[1] in getting the right medications to the right
               | patients at the right time- and documenting all of that-
               | are so large that for patient safety reasons alone it
               | wins out over paper. You can fall back to paper, it's
               | just a giant pain in the ass to do it, and then you have
               | to do the data entry to get it all back into EMR's. Like
               | my wife, who was working last night when everyone else in
               | her department got Crowdstrike'd, she created a document
               | to track what she did so it could be transferred into
               | EMR's once everything comes back up. And the document was
               | over 70 pages long! Just for one employee for one shift.
               | 
               | 1: Workflow: Doctor writes prescription in EMR.
               | Pharmacist reviews charts in EMR, approves prescription.
               | Nurse comes to Pyxis cabinet and scans patient barcode.
               | Correct drawer opens in cabinet so the proper medication-
               | and only the proper medication- is immediately available
               | to nurse (technicians restock cabinet when necessary).
               | Nurse takes medication to patient's room, scans patient
               | barcode and medication barcode, administers drug. This
               | system has dramatically lowered the rates of wrong-drug
               | administration, because the computers are watching over
               | things and catch humans getting confused on whether this
               | medication is supposed to go to room 12 or room 21 in
               | hour 11 of their shift. It is a great thing that has made
               | hospitals safer. But it requires a huge amount of
               | computers and networks to support.
        
               | WWLink wrote:
               | > Pyxis cabinet
               | 
               | Why would a Pyxis cabinet run Windows? I realize Windows
               | isn't even necessarily at fault here, but why on earth
               | would such a device run Windows? Is the 90s form of mass
               | incompetence in the industry still a thing where lots of
               | stuff is written for Windows for no reason?
        
               | dghlsakjg wrote:
               | You only need one link in the chain of doctor ->
               | pharmacist -> pixys -> nurse to be reliant on Windows for
               | this to fail.
        
               | mandevil wrote:
               | I don't know what Pyxis runs on, my wife is the
               | pharmacist and she doesn't recognize UI package
               | differences with the same practiced eye that I do. And
               | she didn't mention problems with the Pyxis. Just problems
               | with some of their servers and lots of end user machines.
               | So I don't know that they do.
        
               | op00to wrote:
               | Modern medicine requires computers. You literally cannot
               | provide medical care in a critical care setting with the
               | sophistication and speed required for modern critical
               | care without electronic medical records. Fall back to
               | paper? Ok, but you fall back to 1960s medicine, too.
        
               | Wowfunhappy wrote:
               | We need computers. But, how about we fall back to an air-
               | gapped computer with no internet connection and a battery
               | backup?
               | 
               | Why does everything need the internet?
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | > Why does everything need the internet?
               | 
               | Why would you ever need to move a patient from one
               | hospital room containing one set of airgapped computers
               | into another, containing another set of airgapped
               | computers?
               | 
               | Why would you ever need to get information about a
               | patient (a chart, a prescription, a scan, a bill, an
               | X-Ray) to a person who is not physically present in the
               | same room (or in the same building) as the patient?
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | You wouldn't airgap individual rooms.
               | 
               | And sending data _out_ can be done quite securely. Then
               | replies could be highly sanitized or kept on specific
               | machines outside the air gap.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | You also need to _receive_ similar data from outside the
               | hospital.
               | 
               | And now you've added an army of people running around
               | moving USB sticks, or worse, printouts and feeding them
               | into other computers.
               | 
               | It's madness, and nobody wants to do it.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | Less time urgent, and would not take an army.
        
               | erinaceousjones wrote:
               | Local area networks air gapped from _the internet_ don 't
               | need to be air gapped from each other. You could have
               | nodes in each network responsible for transmitting
               | specific data to the other networks.. like, all the
               | healthcare data you need. All other traffic, including
               | windows updates? Blocked. Using IP still a risk? Use
               | something else. As long as you can get bytes across a
               | wire, you can still share data over long distances.
               | 
               | In my eyes, there is a technical solution therr that
               | keeps friction low for hospital staff: network stuff, on
               | an internet, but not _The_ Internet...
               | 
               | Edit: I've since been reading the other many many comment
               | threads on this HN post which show the reasons _why_ so
               | much stuff in healthcare is connected to each other via
               | good old internet, and I can see there 's way more nuance
               | and technicality I am not privy to which makes "just
               | connect LANs together!" less useful. I wasn't
               | appreciating just how much of medicine is telemedicine.
        
               | Wowfunhappy wrote:
               | I think wiring computers within the hospital over LAN,
               | and adding a human to the loop for inter-hospital
               | communication seems like a reasonable compromise.
               | 
               | Yes there will be _some_ pain, but the alternative is
               | what we have right now.
               | 
               | > nobody wants to do it.
               | 
               | Tough luck. There's lots of things I don't want to do.
        
               | krisoft wrote:
               | > I suggested a simple solution for that - receipt
               | printers.
               | 
               | Just so I understand what you are saying you are
               | proposing that we drown our hospital rooms in paper
               | receipt constantly. In the off chance the computers go
               | down very rarely?
               | 
               | Do you see any possible drawbacks with your proposed
               | solution?
               | 
               | > possibly criminally negligent to make a life critical
               | process dependent on the availability of a distributed IT
               | application
               | 
               | What process is not "life critical" in a hospital? Do you
               | suggest that we don't use IT at all?
        
               | ikiris wrote:
               | For relying on windows to run this kind of stuff and not
               | doing any kind of staged rollout but just blindly
               | applying untested kernel driver 3rd party patching fleet
               | wide? yeah honestly. We had safer rollouts for cat videos
               | than y'all seem to have for life critical systems. Maybe
               | some criminal liability would make y'all care about
               | reliability a bit more.
        
               | dboreham wrote:
               | Staged rollout in the traditional sense wouldn't have
               | helped here because the skanky kernel driver worked under
               | all test conditions. It just didn't work when ot got fed
               | bad data. This could have been mitigated by staging the
               | _data_ propagation, or by fully testing the driver with
               | bad data (unlikely to ever have been done by any
               | commercial organization). Perhaps some static analysis
               | tool could have found the potential to crash (or the
               | isomorphic  "safe language" that doesn't yet exist for NT
               | kernel drivers).
        
               | ikiris wrote:
               | If you don't see that the thing that happened today that
               | blew up the world was the rollout, I don't know what to
               | tell you.
        
               | nytesky wrote:
               | A QR code can store 3 KB of data. Every patient has a
               | small QR Sticker printer on their bed. Whenever EPIC
               | updates, print a new small QR sticker. Patient being
               | moved tear of sticker and stick to their wrist tag.
               | 
               | This much of patients state will be carried on their
               | wrist. Maybe for complex cases you need two stickers.
               | Have to be judicious in encoding data, maybe just last 48
               | hours.
               | 
               | Handheld qr readers, off line that read and display QR
               | data strings.
        
               | singleshot_ wrote:
               | This would be challenging. Establishing crowdstrike's
               | duty to a hospital patient would be challenging if not
               | impossible in some jurisdictions.
        
               | salawat wrote:
               | This patient is dead. They would not have been if the
               | computer system was up. It was down because of
               | CrowdStrike. CrowdStrike had a duty of care to ensure
               | they didn't fuck over their client's systems.
               | 
               | I'm not even beyond two degrees of seperation here. I
               | don't think a court'll have trouble navigating it.
        
               | singleshot_ wrote:
               | I suppose it will come as a surprise to you that you have
               | misleading intuitions about the duty of care.
               | 
               | Cloudstrike did not even have a duty of care to their
               | customer, let alone their customer's customer (speaking
               | for my jurisdiction, of course).
        
               | monkeywork wrote:
               | When I read something like this that has such a confident
               | tone while being incredibly incorrect all I can do is
               | shake my head and try to remember I was young once and
               | thought I knew it all as well.
        
               | xp84 wrote:
               | If that really were how it worked, I don't think that
               | software would really exist at all. Open Source would
               | probably be the first to disappear too -- who would
               | contribute to, say, Linux, if you could go to jail for a
               | pull request you made because it turns out they were
               | using it in a life or death situation and your code had a
               | bug in it. That checks all the same boxes that your
               | scenario does: someone is dead, they wouldn't be if you
               | didn't have a bug in your code.
               | 
               | Now, a tort is less of a stretch than a crime, but thank
               | goodness I'm not a lawyer so I don't have to figure out
               | what circumstances apply and how much liability the TOS
               | and EULAs are able to wash away.
        
               | gizmo686 wrote:
               | It is not necessarily crowdstrike's responsibility, but
               | it should be someone's.
               | 
               | If I go to Home Depot to buy rope for belaying at my rock
               | climbing center and someone falls, breaks the rope and
               | dies, then _I_ am on the hook for manslaughter.
               | 
               | Not the rope manufacturer, who clearly labeled the
               | packaging with "do not use in situations where safety can
               | be endangered". Not the retailer, who left it in the
               | packaging with the warning, and made no claim that it was
               | suitable for a climbing safety line. But me, who used a
               | product in a situation where it was unsuitable.
               | 
               | If I instead go to Sterling Rope and the same thing
               | happens, fault is much more complicated, but if someone
               | there was sufficiently negligent they could be liable for
               | manslaughter.
               | 
               | In practice, to convict of manslaughter, you would need
               | to show an individual was negligant. However, our entire
               | industry is bad at our job, so no individual involved
               | failed to perform their duties to a "reasonable"
               | standard.
               | 
               | Software engineering is going to follow the path that all
               | other disciplines of meatspace engineering did. We are
               | going to kill a lot of people; and every so often, enough
               | people will die that we add some basic rules for safety
               | critical software, until eventually, this type of failure
               | occuring without gross negligence becomes nearly
               | unthinkable.
        
               | nikau wrote:
               | Its on whoever runs the hospitals computer systems -
               | allowing a ring 0 kernel driver to update ad-hoc from the
               | internet is just sheer negligence.
               | 
               | Then again, the management that put this in are probably
               | also the same idiots that insist on a 7 day lead time CAB
               | process to update a typo on a brochure ware website
               | "because risk".
        
               | anonymous8888 wrote:
               | in this case, it's the entire operating system going down
               | on all computers, so I don't think the printers are
               | working either
        
               | gtvwill wrote:
               | Most printers in these facilities run standalone on an
               | embedded Linux variant.They actually can host whole
               | folders of.data for reproduction "offline". Actually all
               | scan/print/fax multi function machines can generally do
               | that these days. If the IT onsite is good though the usb
               | ports an storage on devices should be locked down.
        
               | CydeWeys wrote:
               | It is a critical problem if your entire record of life-
               | saving drugs you've given them in the past 24 hours
               | suddenly goes down. You have to start relying on people's
               | memories, and it's made worse by shift turn-overs so the
               | relevant information may not even be reachable once the
               | previous shift has gone home.
               | 
               | There are plenty of drugs that can only be given in
               | certain quantities over a certain period of time, and if
               | you go beyond that, it makes the patient worse not
               | better. Similarly there are plenty of bad drug
               | interactions where whether you take a given course of
               | action now is directly dependent on which drugs that
               | patient has already been given. And of course you need to
               | monitor the patient's progress over time to know if the
               | treatments have been working and how to adjust them, so
               | if you suddenly lose the record of all dosages given and
               | all records of their vital signs, you've lost all the
               | information you need to treat them well. Imagine being
               | dropped off in the middle of nowhere, randomly, without a
               | GPS.
        
               | czl wrote:
               | > It is a critical problem if your entire record of life-
               | saving drugs you've given them in the past 24 hours
               | suddenly goes down.
               | 
               | Will outages like this motivate a backup paper process?
               | The automated process should save enough information on
               | paper so a switch over to paper process at any time is
               | feasible. Similar to elections.
        
               | dogmatism wrote:
               | no money for that
               | 
               | there are backup paper processes, but they start fresh
               | when the systems go down
               | 
               | If it was printing paper in case of downtime 24/7, it
               | would be massive wasteage for the 99% of time system is
               | up
        
               | grugagag wrote:
               | A good system is resilient. Paper process could take over
               | when system is down. Form my understanding healthcare
               | systems undergo recurrent outages for various reasons.
        
               | dopylitty wrote:
               | Maybe if all the profit seeking entities were removed
               | from healthcare that money could instead go to the
               | development of useful offline systems.
               | 
               | Maybe a handheld device for scanning in drugs or entering
               | procedure information that stores the data locally which
               | can then be synced with a larger device with more storage
               | somewhere that is also 100% local and immutable which
               | then can sync to online systems if that is needed.
        
               | Illumacorp wrote:
               | How about an e-ink display for each patient that gets
               | drug and administration info displayed on it?
        
               | owl57 wrote:
               | Real paper is probably as much about breaking from the
               | "IT culture" as it's about the physical properties. E-ink
               | display would probably help with power outage, but
               | happily display BSOD in an incident like this.
        
               | xp84 wrote:
               | Honestly if you were designing a system to be resilient
               | to events like this one, the focus would be on
               | distributed data and local communication. The exact sort
               | of things that have become basically dirty words in this
               | SaaS future we are in. Every PC in the building,
               | including the ones tethered to equipment, is presently
               | basically a dumb terminal, dependent on cloud servers
               | like Epic, meaning WAN connection is a single point of
               | failure (I assume that a hospital hopefully has a
               | credible backup ISP though?) and same for the Epic
               | servers.
               | 
               | If medical data were synced to the cloud but also stored
               | on the endpoint devices and local servers, you'd have
               | more redundancy. Obviously much more complexity to it but
               | that's what it would take. Epic as single source of truth
               | means everyone is screwed when it is down. This is the
               | trade off that's been made.
        
               | owl57 wrote:
               | _> synced to the cloud but also stored on the endpoint
               | devices and local servers_
               | 
               | That's a recipe for a different kind of disaster. I
               | actually used Google Keep some years ago for medical data
               | at home -- counted pills nightly, so mom could either ask
               | me or check on her phone if she forgot to take one. Most
               | of the time it worked fine, but the failure modes were
               | fascinating. When it suddenly showed data from half a
               | year ago, I gave up and switched to paper.
        
               | mbreese wrote:
               | Many place did revert back to paper processes. But, it's
               | a disaster model that has to tested to make sure everyone
               | can still function when your EMR goes down. Situations
               | like this just reinforce that you can't plan for _if_ IT
               | systems go down, it is _when_ they go down.
        
               | akira2501 wrote:
               | That's why there's a sharpie in the first aid kit. If
               | you're out of stuff to write on you can just write on the
               | patient.
               | 
               | More seriously, we need better purpose build medical
               | computing equipment, that runs on it's own OS, and only
               | has outbound network connectivity for updating other
               | systems.
               | 
               | I also think of things like the old school "check list
               | boards" that used to be literally built into the yolk of
               | the airplane they were made for.
        
               | xp84 wrote:
               | I'm afraid the profitability calculation shifted it in
               | favor of off-the-shelf OS a long time ago. I agree with
               | you, though, that a general purpose OS has way too much
               | crap that isn't needed in a situation like this.
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | Looks like a small scanner + printer running a small
               | minimalistic RTOS would be a good solution.
        
               | ta988 wrote:
               | Ok now you have a park of 200 of those devices to handle.
               | And now you move a patient across a service or to another
               | hospital and then....
               | 
               | Reality is complex.
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | Oh yes. This would be a contingency measure, just to keep
               | the record in a human readable form while requiring
               | little manual labor. Printed codes could be scanned later
               | into Epic and, if you need to transfer the patient, tear
               | the paper and send it with them.
        
             | monkmartinez wrote:
             | You need to document everything during a code arrest. All
             | interventions, vitals and other pertinent information must
             | be logged for various reasons. Paper and pen work but they
             | are very difficult to audit and/or keep track of.
             | Electronic reporting is the standard and deviating from the
             | standard is generally a recipe for a myriad of problems.
        
               | devilbunny wrote:
               | We chart all codes on paper first and then transfer to
               | computer when it's done. There's a nurse whose entire job
               | is to stay in one place and document times while the rest
               | of us work. You don't make the documenter do anything
               | else because it's a lot of work.
               | 
               | And that's in the OR, where vitals are automatically
               | captured. There just aren't enough computers to do real-
               | time electronic documentation, and even if there were
               | there wouldn't be enough space.
        
               | monkmartinez wrote:
               | I chart codes on my EPCR, in the PT's house, almost
               | everyday with one hand. Not joking about the one hand
               | either.
               | 
               | Its easier, faster, and more accurate than writing in my
               | experience. We have a page solely dedicated to codes and
               | the most common interventions. Got IO? I press a button
               | and its documented with timestamp. Pushing EPI, button
               | press with timestamp. Dropping an I-Gel or Intubating,
               | button press... you get the idea.
               | 
               | The details of the interventions can be documented later
               | along with the narrative, but the bulk of the work was
               | captured real-time. We can also sync with our monitors
               | and show depth of compressions, rate of compressions and
               | rhythms associated with the continuous chest compression
               | style CPR we do for my agency.
               | 
               | Going back to paper for codes would be ludicrous for my
               | department. The data would be shit for a start. Hand
               | writing is often shit and made worse under the stress of
               | screaming bystanders. Depending on whether we achieved
               | ROSC or not would increase the likelihood of losing paper
               | in the shuffle
        
               | czl wrote:
               | The idea is to have the current system create a backup
               | paper trail from which you practice resuming from for
               | when computers go down. Nothing about current process for
               | you need change only that you be familiar with falling
               | back to paper backups when computers are down.
        
               | salawat wrote:
               | Which means that you have to be operating papered before
               | the system goes down. If you aren't, the system never
               | gets to transition because it just got CrowdStruck.
        
               | czl wrote:
               | Correct. We use paper receipts for shopping and paper
               | ballots for voting. Automation is fast and efficient, but
               | there must be a manual fallback when power fails or
               | automation is unreliable.
               | 
               | This wisdom is echoed in some religious practices that
               | avoid complete reliance on modern technology.
        
               | tomrod wrote:
               | Replace require and must with expected to, and you get
               | the difference of policy and reality.
        
             | davycro wrote:
             | You can do CPR without a computer system, but changing
             | systems in the middle of resuscitation where a delay of
             | seconds can mean the difference between survival and death
             | is absolutely not ideal. CPR in the hospital is a
             | coordinated team response and if one person can't do their
             | job without a computer then the whole thing breaks down.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | If you're so close to death that you're depending on a
               | few seconds give or take, you're in God's hands. I would
               | not blame or credit anyone or any system for the outcome,
               | either way.
        
               | singleshot_ wrote:
               | I'm sure you meant "the physicians' hands."
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | No. The physician will be running a standard ER code
               | protocol, following a memorized flow chart.
        
               | dreamcompiler wrote:
               | Judgement is always part of the process, but yeah running
               | a routine code is pretty easy to train for. It's one of
               | the easiest procedures in medicine. There are a small
               | number of things that can go wrong that cause quick
               | death, and for each a small number of ways to fix them.
               | You can learn all that in a 150 hour EMT class.
        
             | xyst wrote:
             | probably the system used to pull and record medication uses
             | in a hospital. It's been awhile, but "Pyxis" used to be the
             | standard where I shadowed.
             | 
             | Nurses hated it.
        
             | supergirl wrote:
             | need to play bee gees on windows media player
        
           | peterleiser wrote:
           | The second largest hospital group in Nashville experienced a
           | ransomware attack about two months ago. Nurses told me they
           | were using manual processes for three weeks.
        
             | ethbr1 wrote:
             | Ascension?
        
               | peterleiser wrote:
               | Yes. And I was told by multiple nurses at St. Thomas
               | Midtown that the hospital did not have manual procedures
               | already in place. In their press release they refer to
               | their hospitals as "ministries" [0], so apparently they
               | practice faith-based cyber security (as in "we believe
               | that we don't need backups") since it took over 3 weeks
               | to recover.
               | 
               | [0] https://about.ascension.org/cybersecurity-event
        
             | bufferoverflow wrote:
             | It takes a certain type of a criminal a55hole to attack
             | hospitals and blackmail them. I would easily support life
             | or death penalty for anyone attempting this cr@p.
        
               | peterleiser wrote:
               | In this case it was tracked to Russia.
        
               | uptownJimmy wrote:
               | That is absolutely one of the A-tier "certain type of a
               | criminal a55hole".
        
             | bart_spoon wrote:
             | More than just Nashville, they have hospitals all over the
             | country.
        
           | SarahWSJ wrote:
           | Hello, I'm a journalist looking to reach people impacted by
           | the outage and wondering if you could kindly connect with
           | your ER colleague. My email is sarah.needleman@wsj.com.
           | Thanks!
        
             | davycro wrote:
             | I sent them your contact info, pretty sure they will be
             | asleep for the next few hours
        
             | bookofjoe wrote:
             | Surprised and impressed at your using HN as a resource.
        
               | yard2010 wrote:
               | She is living in the future. Way to go.
        
               | unixhero wrote:
               | The comments is the content. I have always said this.
        
               | whatevertrevor wrote:
               | I mean if they're finding sources through the comment and
               | then corroborating their stories via actual interviews,
               | it's completely fine practice. As long as what's printed
               | is corroborated and cross-referenced I don't see a
               | problem.
               | 
               | If they go and publish "According to hackernews user
               | davycro ..." _then_ there's a problem.
        
           | FireBeyond wrote:
           | As a paramedic, there is very little about running a code
           | that requires IT. You have the crash cart, so not even stuck
           | trying to get meds out of the Pyxis. The biggest challenge is
           | charting / scribing the encounter.
        
             | JshWright wrote:
             | lol, yep, that was my take on this... If you need a
             | computer to run an ACLS algorithm, something has gone
             | seriously wrong.
        
             | dreamcompiler wrote:
             | Especially out in the field where we have a lot more
             | autonomy. If our iPads break we'll just use paper.
        
         | ww520 wrote:
         | I saw one of the surgery videos recently. The doctor was
         | saying, "Alexa, turn on suction." It boggled my mind. There
         | could be so many points of failure.
        
           | senortumnus wrote:
           | Fwiw this is not typical, we don't have alexa/siri type smart
           | devices in any OR I work in, and suction is turned on off
           | with a button and a dial.
        
             | ww520 wrote:
             | It's in a Maryland clinic doing plastic surgery.
             | 
             | Edit: Found it.
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nS9nLvGMLH0&t=947s
        
           | nullbyte wrote:
           | ALEXA, TURN OFF THE SUCTION! ALEXA!!
           | 
           | "Loive from NPR news in Washington"
        
           | CamperBob2 wrote:
           | I don't suppose there was a doctor or nurse named Alexa
           | involved?
        
         | importantbrian wrote:
         | Wife is a nurse. They eventually go 2 computers working for her
         | unit. I don't think it impacted patients already being treated,
         | but they couldn't get surgeries scheduled and no charting was
         | being done. Some of the other floors were in complete shambles.
        
           | SarahWSJ wrote:
           | Hi, as I noted to another commenter, I'm a journalist looking
           | to speak with people who've been impacted by the outage. I'm
           | wondering if I could speak with your wife. My email is
           | sarah.needleman@wsj.com. Thanks.
        
             | importantbrian wrote:
             | Sure I'll pass your email along to her and see if she wants
             | to do that.
        
         | willmadden wrote:
         | I'm guessing hundreds of billions if you could somehow add it
         | all up.
         | 
         | I can't believe they pushed updates to 100% of Windows machines
         | and somehow didn't notice a reboot loop. Epic gross negligence.
         | Are their employees really this incompetent? It's unbelievable.
         | 
         | I wonder where MSFT and Crowdstrike are most vulnerable to
         | lawsuits?
        
           | lanstin wrote:
           | This outage seems to be the natural result of removing QA by
           | a different team than the (always optimistic) dev team as a
           | mandatory step for extremely important changes. And
           | neglecting canary type validations. The big question is will
           | businesses migrate away from such a visibly incompetent
           | organization. (Note I blame the overall org; I am sure
           | talented individuals tried their best inside a set of
           | procedures that asked for trouble.)
        
             | spaceywilly wrote:
             | So there was apparently an Azure outage prior to this big
             | one. One thing that is a pretty common pattern in my
             | company when there are big outages is something like this:
             | 
             | 1. Problem A happens, it's pretty bad
             | 
             | 2. A fix is rushed out very quickly for problem A. It is
             | not given the usual amount of scrutiny, because Problem A
             | needs to be fixed urgently.
             | 
             | 3. The fix for Problem A ends up causing Problem B, which
             | is a much bigger problem.
             | 
             | tl;dr don't rush your hotfixes through and cut corners in
             | the process, this often leads to more pain
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | Their terms of use undoubtedly disclaim any warranty, fitness
           | for purpose, or liability for any direct or incidental
           | consequences of using their product.
           | 
           | I am LMFAO at the entire situation. Somewhere, George Carlin
           | is smiling.
        
           | fsloth wrote:
           | If you've ever been forced to use a PC with Crowdstrike it's
           | not amazing at all. I'm amazed incident of this scale didn't
           | happen earlier.
           | 
           | Everything about it reeks of incompetence and gross
           | negligence.
           | 
           | It's the old story of the user and purchaser being different
           | parties-the software needs to be only good enough to be sold
           | to third parties who never neeed to use it.
           | 
           | It's a half-baked rootkit part of performative cyberdefence
           | theatrics.
        
             | sgarland wrote:
             | > It's a half-baked rootkit part of performative
             | cyberdefence theatrics.
             | 
             | That describes most of the space, IMO. In a similar vein,
             | SOC2 compliance is bullshit. The auditors lack the
             | technical acumen - or financial incentive - to actually
             | validate your findings. Unless you're blatantly missing
             | something on their checklist, you'll pass.
        
               | bradfox2 wrote:
               | From a enterprise software vendor perspective, cyber
               | checklists feel like a form of regulatory capture.
               | Someone looking to sell something gets a standard or best
               | practice created, added to the checklists, and everyone
               | is forced to comply, regardless of the context.
               | 
               | Any exception made to this checklist is reviewed by third
               | parties that couldn't care less, bean counters, or those
               | technically incapable of understanding the nuance,
               | leaving only the large providers able to compete on the
               | playing field they manufactured.
        
           | Drygord wrote:
           | Same people who destroyed a US bridge recently.
           | 
           | This is the result of giving away US jobs overseas at 1/10th
           | the salary
        
             | beacon294 wrote:
             | Do you have some more details?
        
           | fortran77 wrote:
           | MSFT doesn't recommend or specify CrowdStrike
        
             | etc-hosts wrote:
             | I wonder if companies are incentivized to buy Crowdstrike
             | because of Crowdstrike's warranty that will allegedly
             | reimburse you if you suffer monetary damage from a security
             | incident while paying for Crowdstrike.
        
               | gtvwill wrote:
               | There must be an incentive. Because from a security
               | perspective bringing in a 3rd party to a platform
               | (microsoft) to do a job the platform already does is
               | literally just the definition of opening up holes in your
               | security. Completely b@tshit crazy, the salesmen for
               | these products should hang their heads in shame. It's
               | just straight up bad practice. Im astounded it's so
               | widespread.
        
               | oriel wrote:
               | If such a warranty exists, the real question will be how
               | Crowdstrike tries to spin this as a non-security
               | incident.
        
               | hnthrow289570 wrote:
               | The CEO says it isn't and we believe them apparently
        
               | smileson2 wrote:
               | Insurance companies recommended them
        
           | cma wrote:
           | This will go on for multiple days, but hundreds of billions
           | would be >$36 trillion annualized if it was that much damage
           | for one day. World annual GDP is $100 trillion.
        
         | HaZeust wrote:
         | Yup - my mom went into the ER for stroke symptoms last night
         | and was put under MRI. The MRI imaging could NOT be sent to the
         | off-site radiologist and they had to come in -- turned out the
         | MRI outputs weren't working at all.
         | 
         | We were discharged at midnight by the doctor, the nurse didn't
         | come into our exam room to tell us until 4am. I can't imagine
         | the mess this has caused.
        
           | davidw wrote:
           | I hope she's ok.
        
           | olwmc wrote:
           | I wish your mother the best <3
        
             | HaZeust wrote:
             | Thank you <3
        
           | jmcgough wrote:
           | Hope she's okay. For better or worse, our entire emergency
           | department flow is orchestrated around epic. If we can't even
           | see the board, nurses don't know what orders to perform, etc.
        
             | Red_Leaves_Flyy wrote:
             | If it's so critical that nurses are left standing around
             | clueless then if it goes down entire teams of people should
             | be going to prison for manslaughter.
             | 
             | Or, we could build robust systems that can tolerate
             | indefinite down time. Might cost more, might need more
             | staff.
             | 
             | Pick one. I'll always pick the one that saves human lives
             | when systems go down.
        
               | pca006132 wrote:
               | Another way to look at it is that you can have more
               | hospitals using systems with a lower cost, thus saving
               | more lifes comparing to only a few hospitals using an
               | expensive system.
        
               | sgregnt wrote:
               | This isn't another way to look at it, this is the only
               | way to look at it.
        
               | rjbwork wrote:
               | Okay but that will affect hospital profits and our PE
               | firms bought these hospitals specifically to wrench all
               | redundancy out of these systems in the name of efficiency
               | (higher margins and thus profit) so that just won't do.
        
               | __loam wrote:
               | Private equity people need to start getting multiple life
               | sentences for fucking around with shit like this. It's
               | unironically a national security issue.
        
           | jessechang wrote:
           | Wishing you and your mom the best
        
           | failbuffer wrote:
           | Honestly, that sounds like a typical ER visit.
        
           | rbanffy wrote:
           | I wish your mother recovers promptly. And I'm glad she
           | doesn't run on Windows. ;-)
        
             | Bluestein wrote:
             | I am "saving" this comment :)
             | 
             | ... and seconding all the best wishes for the mother
             | involved. Do get well.-
        
             | indianmouse wrote:
             | Ha ha! Good one! This is a save!
             | 
             | Wishes for a speedy recovery to your mom!
             | 
             | I hope no one uses such single point of failure systems
             | anymore. Especially CS. The same is applicable for
             | Cloudflare as well! But at least, the systems will be
             | functioning standalone and accessible in their case and
             | could cause only netwide outage! (i.e., if the CF infra
             | goes down!)
             | 
             | Anyways, who knows what is going to happen with such
             | widespread vendor dependency?
             | 
             | The world gets reminded about the Supply Chain Attacks
             | every year which is a good (but a scary) one that
             | definitely needs some deep thinking...
             | 
             | Up for it?
        
           | nirav72 wrote:
           | A relative of mine had back surgery late yesterday. Today the
           | hospital nursing staff couldn't proceed with the pain
           | medication process for patients recovering from surgery
           | because they didn't have access to the hospital systems.
        
             | listless wrote:
             | My wife is a nurse. She has a non-critical job making care
             | plans for patients and the system is STILL down.
        
           | theGnuMe wrote:
           | Idk... critical hospital systems should be air gapped.
        
             | jmcgough wrote:
             | All of the critical equipment is. But we need internet
             | access on computers, or at the very least Epic does to pull
             | records from other hospitals.
        
           | diebeforei485 wrote:
           | > We were discharged at midnight by the doctor, the nurse
           | didn't come into our exam room to tell us until 4am. I can't
           | imagine the mess this has caused.
           | 
           | That's an extra 4 hours of emergency room fees you ideally
           | wouldn't have to pay for.
        
             | martyvis wrote:
             | Having a medical system that has the concept of "hours of
             | emergency room fees" is also a pretty fundamental problem
        
         | rsync wrote:
         | "Took down our entire emergency department as we were treating
         | a heart attack. 911 down for our state too."
         | 
         | Why would Windows systems be anywhere near critical infra ?
         | 
         | Heart attacks and 911 are not things you build with Windows
         | based systems.
         | 
         | We understood this 25 years ago.
        
           | Wytwwww wrote:
           | Well you can use stupid broken software with any OS, not just
           | Windows. Isn't CrowdStrike Falcon available on Linux, is
           | there any reason why couldn't they have introduced a similar
           | bug and similar consequences there?
        
             | tw04 wrote:
             | None. There are a bunch of folks here who clearly haven't
             | spent a day in enterprise IT proclaiming Linux would've
             | saved the day. 30 seconds of research would've lead them to
             | discover crowdstrike also runs on Linux and has created
             | similar problems on Linux in the past.
        
               | rowanG077 wrote:
               | Oh could you link me the source of the claim that all
               | linux clients of crowdstrike went down all at once? I'm
               | very interested to hear it.
        
               | p_l wrote:
               | It's even better when you get told about the magical
               | superiority of apple for that...
               | 
               | ... Except Apple pretty much pushes you to run such tools
               | just to get reasonable management key alone things like
               | real-time integrity monitoring of important files
               | (Crowdstrike in $DAYJOB[-1] is how security knew to ask
               | whether it was me or something else that edited PAM
               | config for sudo on corporate Mac)
        
               | nikau wrote:
               | Enterprise mac always follows the same pattern, users
               | proclaim its superiority while its off the radar, then it
               | gets mcaffee, carbon black, airlock, and a bunch of other
               | garbage tooling installed and runs as poorly as
               | enterprise Windows.
               | 
               | The best corporate dev platform at moment is WSL2 - most
               | of the activity inside the WSL2 vm isn't monitored by the
               | windows tooling so performance is fast. Eventually
               | security will start to mandate agents inside the WSL2
               | instance, but at the moment most orgs dont.
        
               | olddustytrail wrote:
               | No it couldn't. Crowdstrike on Linux uses eBPF and
               | therefore can't cause a kernel panic (which is the
               | fundamental issue here).
        
               | tapoxi wrote:
               | Happened last month:
               | https://access.redhat.com/solutions/7068083
        
           | Nathanael_M wrote:
           | Because Windows is accessible and Linux requires uncommon
           | expertise and short term cost that is just not practical for
           | lots of places.
           | 
           | Goodluck teaching administrators an entirely new ecosystem,
           | goodluck finding software off the shelf for Linux.
           | 
           | Bespoke is expensive, expertise is rare, Linux is sadly
           | niche.
        
             | briandear wrote:
             | No. The problem isn't expertise -- it's CIOs that started
             | their career in the 1990s and haven't kept up with the
             | times. I had to explain why we wanted PostgreSQL instead of
             | MS SQL server. I shouldn't have to have that conversation
             | with an executive that should theoretically be a highly
             | experienced expert. We also have CIOs that have MBAs but
             | not actual background in software. (I happen to have an MBA
             | but I also have 15+ years of development experience.) My
             | point is CIOs generally know "business" and they know how
             | to listen to pitches from "Enterprise" software companies
             | -- but they don't actually have real-world experience using
             | the stuff they're forcing upon the org.
             | 
             | I recently did a project with a company that wanted to move
             | their app to Azure from AWS -- not for any good technical
             | reason but just because "we already use Microsoft
             | everywhere else."
             | 
             | Completely stupid. S3 and Azure Blob don't work the same
             | way. MCS and AWS SES also don't work the same way -- but we
             | made the switch not even for reasons of money, but because
             | some Microsoft salesman convinced the CIO that their
             | solution was better. Similar to why many Jira orgs force
             | Bitbucket on developers -- they listen to vendors rather
             | than the people that have to use this stuff.
        
               | sgarland wrote:
               | > I had to explain why we wanted PostgreSQL instead of MS
               | SQL server.
               | 
               | Tbf, you _are_ giving up a clustering index in that
               | trade. May or may not matter for your workload, but it's
               | a remarkably different storage strategy that can result
               | in massive performance differences. But also, you could
               | have the same by shifting to MySQL, sooooo...
        
             | rewgs wrote:
             | Are. You. Kidding.
             | 
             | Windows servers are "niche" compared to Linux servers.
             | Command line knowledge is not "uncommon expertise," it's
             | imo the bare minimum for working in tech.
        
           | sentientslug wrote:
           | It seems like you've never worked with critical infra. Most
           | of it runs on 6 to 10 year old unpatched versions of
           | Windows...
        
             | rsync wrote:
             | "It seems like you've never worked with critical infra."
             | 
             | My entire career has been spent building, and maintaining,
             | critical infra.[1]
             | 
             | Further, in my volunteer time, I come into contact with
             | medical, dispatch and life-safety systems and equipment
             | built on Windows and my question remains the same:
             | 
             | Why is Windows anywhere near critical infra ?
             | 
             | Just because it is common doesn't mean it's any less
             | shameful and inadequate.
             | 
             | I repeat: We've _fully understood_ these risks and
             | frailties for 25 years.
             | 
             | [1] As a craft, and a passion - not because of "exciting
             | career opportunities in IT".
        
               | sgarland wrote:
               | Is this the rsync.net HN account? If so, lmao @ the
               | comment you replied to.
               | 
               | > As a craft, and a passion
               | 
               | I believe you've nailed the core problem. Many people in
               | tech are not in it because they genuinely love it, do it
               | in their off time, and so on. Companies, doubly so. I get
               | it, you have to make money, but IME, there is a WORLD of
               | difference in ability and self-solving ability between
               | those who love this shit, and those who just do it for
               | the money.
               | 
               | What's worse is that actual fundamental knowledge is
               | being lost. I've tried at multiple companies to shift DBs
               | off of RDS / Aurora and onto at the very least, EC2s.
               | 
               | "We don't have the personnel to support that."
               | 
               | "Me. I do this at home, for fun. I have a rack. I run
               | ZFS. Literally everything in this RFC, I know how to do."
               | 
               | "Well, we don't have anyone else."
               | 
               | And that's the damn tragedy. I can count on one hand the
               | number of people I know with a homelab who are doing
               | anything other than storing media. But you try telling
               | people that they should know how to administer Linux
               | before they know how to administer a K8s cluster, and
               | they look at you like you're an idiot.
        
               | nikau wrote:
               | Also a lot of the passionate security people such as
               | myself moved on to other fields as it has just become
               | bullshit artists sucking on the vendors teat and filling
               | out risk matrix sheets, but no accountability when their
               | risk assessments invariably turn out to be wrong.
        
               | sgarland wrote:
               | That reminds me, I should check Twitter to see the most
               | recent batch of "cybersecurity experts" take on
               | Crowdstrike. Always a good time.
        
               | est31 wrote:
               | The old school sysadmins who know technology well are
               | still around but there is increasingly less of them while
               | the demand skyrockets as our species gives computers an
               | increasing number of responsibilities.
               | 
               | There is tremendous demand for technology that works well
               | and works reliably. Sure, setting up a database running
               | on an EC2 instance is easy. But do you know all of the
               | settings to make the db safe to access? Do you maintain
               | it well, patch it, replicate it, etc? This can all be
               | done by one of the old school sysadmins. But they are
               | rare to find, and not easy to replace. It's hard to judge
               | from the outside, even if you are an expert in the field.
               | 
               | So when the job market doesn't have the amount of
               | sysadmins/devops engineers available, then the cloud
               | offers a good replacement. Even if you as an individual
               | company can solve it by offering more money and having a
               | tougher selection process, this doesn't scale over the
               | entire field, as at that point the whole number of
               | available experts comes in.
               | 
               | Aurora is definitely expensive, but there is cheaper
               | alternatives to it. Full disclosure, I'm employed by one
               | of these alternative vendors (Neon). You don't have to
               | use it, but many people do and it makes their life
               | easier. The market is expected to grow a lot. Clouds seem
               | to be one of the ways our industry is standardizing.
        
               | sgarland wrote:
               | I'm not even a sysadmin, I just learned how to do stuff
               | in Gentoo in the early '00s. Undoubtedly there are
               | graybeards who will laugh at the ease of tooling that was
               | available to me.
               | 
               | > But do you know all of the settings to make the db safe
               | to access? Do you maintain it well, patch it, replicate
               | it, etc?
               | 
               | Yes, but to be fair, I'm a DBRE (and SRE before that).
               | I'm not advocating that someone without fairly deep
               | knowledge attempt to do this in prod at a company of
               | decent size. But your tiny startup? Absolutely; chuck a
               | default install of Postgres or MySQL onto Debian, and
               | optionally tune 2 - 3 settings (shared_buffers,
               | effective_cache_size, and random_page_cost for Postgres;
               | (innodb_buffer_pool_* and sync_array_size for MySQL - the
               | latter isn't necessary until you have high concurrency,
               | but it also can't be changed without a restart so may as
               | well). Pick any major backup solution for your DB (Barman
               | for Postgres, XtraBackup for MySQL, etc.), and TEST YOUR
               | BACKUPS. That's about it. Apply any security patches (or
               | use unattended-upgrades, just be careful) as they're
               | released, and don't do anything outside of your distro's
               | package management. You'll be fine.
               | 
               | Re: Neon, I've not used it, but I've read your docs
               | extensively. It's the most interesting Postgres-aaS
               | product I've seen, alongside postgres.ai, but you're (I
               | think) targeting slightly different audiences. I wish you
               | luck!
        
               | rewgs wrote:
               | _raises hand_ you guys hiring? I'll be proof that there
               | is indeed "anyone else."
        
               | emmelaich wrote:
               | Not saying they're _sufficient_ reasons but ..
               | 
               | 1. more Windows programmers than Linux so they're
               | cheaper.
               | 
               | 2. more third-party software for e.g. reporting, graphing
               | to integrate with
               | 
               | 3. no one got fired for buying Microsoft
               | 
               | 4. any PC can run Windows; IT departments like that.
        
             | matteoraso wrote:
             | >Most of it runs on 6 to 10 year old unpatched versions of
             | Windows...
             | 
             | Well, that's a pretty big problem. I don't know how we
             | ended up in a situation where everybody is okay with the
             | most important software being the most insecure, but the
             | money needed to keep critical infra totally secure is
             | clearly less than the money (and lives!) lost when the
             | infra crashes.
        
             | hathawsh wrote:
             | In the past, old versions of Windows were often considered
             | superior because they stopped changing and just kept
             | working. Today, that strategy is breaking down because
             | attackers have a lot more technology available to them: a
             | huge database of exploits, faster computers, IoT botnets,
             | and so on. I suspect we're going to see a shift in the type
             | of operating system hospitals run. It might be Linux or a
             | more hardened version of Windows. Either way, the OS vendor
             | should provide all security infrastructure, not a third
             | party like Crowdstrike, IMHO.
        
               | rightbyte wrote:
               | > I suspect we're going to see a shift in the type of
               | operating system hospitals run. It might be Linux or a
               | more hardened version of Windows.
               | 
               | Why? "Hardening" the OS is exactly what Crowdstrike sells
               | and bricked the machines with.
               | 
               | Centralization is the root cause here. There should be no
               | by design way for this to happen. That also rules out
               | Microsoft's auto updates. Only the IT department should
               | be able to brick the hospitals machines.
        
               | norgie wrote:
               | Hardening is absolutely not what crowdstrike sells. They
               | essentially sell OS monitoring and anomaly detection. OS
               | monitoring involves minimizing the attack surface,
               | usually by minimizing the number of services running and
               | limiting the ability to modify the OS
        
             | ptek wrote:
             | Nothing wrong with that. Windows XP-64 supports up to 128GB
             | physical RAM, could be 5 years until that is available on
             | laptops. Windows 7 Pro supports up to 192 GB of RAM. Now if
             | you were to ask me what you would run on those systems with
             | maxed out RAM, I wouldn't know. I also don't think the
             | Excel version that runs on those versions of windows allows
             | partially filled cells for Gantt charts.
        
           | charles_f wrote:
           | > Why would Windows systems be anywhere near critical infra ?
           | 
           | Why would computers be anywhere near critical infra? This
           | sounds like something that should failsafe, the control
           | system goes down but the thing keeps running. If _power_ goes
           | down, hospitals have generator backups, it seems weird that
           | computers would not be in the same situation
        
           | orbillius wrote:
           | > Why would Windows systems be anywhere near critical infra ?
           | 
           | This is just a guess, but maybe the client machines are
           | windows. So maybe there are servers connected to phone lines
           | or medical equipment, but the doctors and EMS are looking at
           | the data on windows machines.
        
           | freehorse wrote:
           | I do not think windows is the problem here. The problem is
           | that equipment that is critical infrastructure being
           | connected to the internet, imo. There is little reason for a
           | lot of computers in some settings to be connected to the
           | internet, except for convenience or negligence. If data
           | transfer needs to be done, it can happen through another
           | computer. Some systems should exist on a (more or less)
           | isolated network at best. Too often we do not really
           | understand the risk of a device being connected to the
           | internet, until something like this happens.
        
             | et2o wrote:
             | You have no idea how a hospital or modern medicine works.
             | It needs to be online.
        
               | freehorse wrote:
               | Why would a machine that is required for a MRI machine to
               | work (as one of the examples given in the thread here)
               | need to be online? I understand about logging, though
               | even then I think it is too risky. Do all these machines
               | _really_ need to be online, or just nobody bothered after
               | all the times something happened or, even worse, software
               | companies profit in certain ways and would not want to
               | change their models? Can we imagine no other way to do
               | things apart from connecting everything to some server
               | wherever that is?
        
               | compiler-guy wrote:
               | You don't print the images an MRI produced, you transmit
               | them to the people who can interpret them, and they are
               | almost never in the same room as the big machine, and
               | sometimes they need to be called up in a different office
               | altogether.
        
               | freehorse wrote:
               | The comment [0] mentioned that they could not get at all
               | the mri outputs even with the radiologist coming on site.
               | Obviously, software that was processing/exporting the
               | data was running on a computer that was connected online,
               | if not requiring internet connection itself. Data
               | transfer can happen from another computer than the one
               | the data is processed/obtained. Less convenient, but this
               | is common practice in many other places for security and
               | other reasons.
               | 
               | [0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41009018
        
               | salawat wrote:
               | I mean, this is incentivized by current monetization
               | models. Remove the need to go through a payment based aaS
               | infra, and all the libraries to do the data visualization
               | could be running on the MRI dude's PC.
               | 
               | -aaS by definition requires you to open yourself to
               | someone else to let them do the work for you. It doesn't
               | empower you, it empowers them.
        
               | freehorse wrote:
               | Yeah I suspect -aaS monetisation models are one of the
               | reasons of the current all-to-internet mess. However,
               | such software running in the machine using a hardware usb
               | key as authenticating is not unheard of either in
               | software like that. I wish that decisions on these
               | subjects were done based on the specific needs of the
               | users rather than the finance people of -aaS companies.
        
               | jmcgough wrote:
               | Our critical devices were fine. But epic and all of our
               | machines were down. How do you transmit radiology images
               | without epic?
        
               | freehorse wrote:
               | Is that an ironic question? Or serious one? I fail to
               | detect the presence or absence of irony sometimes online.
               | I just hope that my own healthcare system has some back-
               | up plans for how to do day-to-day operations like
               | transfering my scan results to a specialist in case the
               | system they normally use fails.
        
               | kanonade wrote:
               | MRI read outs are 3d, so can't be printed for analysis.
               | They are gigabytes in size, and the units are usually in
               | a different part of the building. So you could sneakernet
               | cds every time an MRI is done, then sneakernet the
               | results back. Or you could batch it and then analysis is
               | done slowly and all at once. OR you could connect it to a
               | central server and results/analysis can be available
               | instantly.
               | 
               | Smarter people than us have already thought through this
               | and the cost-benefit analysis said "connect it to a
               | server"
        
               | turtlebits wrote:
               | Ever heard of a LAN? You don't need internet access for
               | every single machine.
        
               | ikiris wrote:
               | Do you think everyone involved is physically present? The
               | gp was absolutely accurate that you guys have no idea how
               | modern healthcare works and this had nothing to do with
               | externally introduced malware.
        
               | dopylitty wrote:
               | This sounds a bit like someone just got ran over by a
               | truck because the driver couldn't see them so people ask
               | why trucks are so big that they're dangerous and the
               | response is "you just don't know how trucks work" rather
               | than "yeah maybe drivers should be able to see
               | pedestrians".
               | 
               | If modern medicine is dangerous and fragile because of
               | network connected equipment then that should be fixed
               | even if the way it _currently_ works doesn't allow it.
        
               | ikiris wrote:
               | This is a completely different discussion. They
               | absolutely should be reliable. The part that is a
               | complete non starter is not being networked because it
               | ignores that telemedicine, pacs integration, and
               | telerobotics exist.
               | 
               | If you don't understand why it _has_ to be networked with
               | extremely bad fallback to paper, then I suggest working
               | in healthcare for a bit before pontificating on how
               | everything should just go back to the stone age.
        
               | freehorse wrote:
               | Networking puts their reliability into risk. As shown
               | here, as shown in ransomware cases. It is not the first
               | time something like this happen.
               | 
               | The question is not whether or not hospitals need
               | internet at all or to go back into printing things in
               | paper or whatever nobody ever said. The question is
               | whether everything in the hospital should be connected to
               | the internet. Again the example used was simple. Having
               | the computer processing and exporting the data from an
               | MRI machine connected online in order to transfer the
               | data, vs using a separate computer to transfer the data
               | and the first computer is offline. This is how we are
               | supposed to transfer similar data at my work for security
               | reasons. I am not sure why it cannot happen in there. If
               | you cannot transfer data through that computer, there
               | could be an emergency backup plan. But you need to solve
               | only the transfering data part. Not everything.
        
               | tammer wrote:
               | even the most secure outbound protection would likely
               | whitelist the CrowdStrike update servers because they'd
               | be considered part of the infrastructure
        
               | chiph wrote:
               | Many X-Rays (MRIs, CT scans, etc.) are read and
               | interpreted by doctors who are remote. There are firms
               | who that's all they do - provide a way to connect
               | radiologists and hospitals, and handle the usual business
               | back-end work of billing, HR, and so on. Search for
               | "teleradiology"
               | 
               | Same goes for electronic medical records. There are
               | people who assign ICD-10 codes (insurance billing codes)
               | to patient encounters. Often this is a second job for
               | them and they work remote and typically at odd hours.
               | 
               | A modern hospital cannot operate without internet access.
               | Even a medical practice with a single doctor needs it
               | these days so they can file insurance claims, access
               | medical records from referred patients and all the other
               | myriad reasons we use the internet today.
        
               | rewgs wrote:
               | Okay, so (as mentioned elsewhere in this thread), connect
               | the offline box to an online NAS with the tightest
               | security between the two humanly possible. You can get
               | the relevant data out to those who need it.
               | 
               | This stuff isn't impossible to solve. Rather, the
               | incentives just aren't there. People would rather build
               | an apparatus for blame-shifting than actually just
               | building a better solution.
        
               | foobarchu wrote:
               | I admit I'm not a medical professional but these sound
               | like problems with better solutions than lots of Internet
               | connected terminals that can be taken down by edr
               | software.
               | 
               | Why not an internal only network for all the terminals to
               | talk to a central server, then disable any other
               | networking for the terminals? Why do those terminals need
               | a browser where pretty much any malware is going to enter
               | from? If hospitals are paying out the ass for their
               | management software from epic/etc, they should be getting
               | something with a secure design. If the central server is
               | the only thing that can be compromised then when edr
               | takes it down you at least still have all your other
               | systems, presumably with cached data to work from
        
               | nikau wrote:
               | So in that case you setup a NAS server that it can push
               | the reports to, everything else is firewalled off.
               | 
               | Its just laziness, and to be honest, an outage like this
               | has no impact on their management reputation as a lot of
               | other poorly run companies and institutions were also
               | impacted, so the focus is on crowdstrike and azure, not
               | them.
        
               | rsync wrote:
               | "It needs to be online."
               | 
               | No, it doesn't.
               | 
               | Some have chosen - for reasons of efficiency and scale
               | and cost - to place it online.
               | 
               | However, this is a trade-off for fragility.
               | 
               | It's not insane to make this trade-off ...
               | 
               | ... but _it is insane_ to not realize one is making it.
        
           | nO0b wrote:
           | > Why would Windows systems be anywhere near critical infra ?
           | 
           | maybe Heartbleed or the xzUtils debacles convinced them to
           | switch.
        
         | drhelix wrote:
         | Why is the emergency department using windows?
        
           | bell-cot wrote:
           | High-end hospital-management software is _not_ simple stuff,
           | to roll your own. And the (very few) specialty companies
           | which produce such software may see no reason to support a
           | variety of OS 's.
        
             | michaelmrose wrote:
             | A follow up question is why is the one OS chosen the one
             | historically worst at security.
        
               | ixwt wrote:
               | Because of critical mass. A significant amount of non-
               | technically inclined people use Windows. Some use Mac.
               | And they're intimidated by anything different.
        
               | michaelmrose wrote:
               | Generally speaking employees don't really per se use
               | windows so much as click the browser icon and proceed to
               | use employers web based tools.
        
               | whatevertrevor wrote:
               | There's a bunch of non-web proprietary software medical
               | offices use to access patient files, result histories,
               | prescription dispensation etc. At least here in Ontario
               | my doctor uses an actual windows application to
               | accomplish all that.
        
               | michaelmrose wrote:
               | Then they use those apps. The point is that since they
               | usage of the OS as such is so minimal as to be irrelevant
               | as long as it has a launcher and an X in the top corner.
               | 
               | They could as well launch that app in OpenBSD.
        
               | cogman10 wrote:
               | Momentum as well. Many of these systems started in DOS.
               | The DOS->Windows transition is pretty natural.
        
               | mulmen wrote:
               | It appears insecure because it is under constant attack
               | because it is so prevalent. Let's not pretend the *nix
               | world is any better.
               | 
               | I'm no fan of Windows or Microsoft but the commitment to
               | backwards compatibility should not be underestimated.
        
               | owl57 wrote:
               | Are you sure that argument still holds when _everyone_
               | has Android /iOS phone with apps that talk to Linux
               | servers, and _some_ use Windows desktops and servers as
               | well?
        
               | bell-cot wrote:
               | There isn't, and never was, a benevolent dictator
               | choosing the OS for computers in medical settings.
               | 
               | Instead, it's a bunch of independent-ish, for-profit
               | software & hardware companies. Each one trying to make it
               | cheap & easy to develop their own product, and to
               | maximize sales. Given the dominance of MS-DOS and Windows
               | on cheap-ish & ubiquitous PC's, starting in the early-ish
               | 1980's, the current situation was pretty much inevitable.
        
               | ikiris wrote:
               | To add detail for those that don't understand, the big
               | healthcare players barely have unix teams, and the small
               | mom and pop groups literally have desktops sitting under
               | the receptionist desk running the shittiest software
               | imaginable.
               | 
               | The big health products are built on windows because they
               | are built by outsourced software shops and target the
               | majority of builds which are basically the equivalent of
               | bob's hardware store still running windows 95 on their
               | point of sale box.
               | 
               | The major players that took over this space for the big
               | players had to migrate from this, so they still targeted
               | "wintel" platforms because the vast majority of
               | healthcare servers are windows.
               | 
               | Its basically the tech equivalent of everything evolved
               | from the width of oxen for railway.
        
             | rossjudson wrote:
             | I mean this question is the most honest way; I am not
             | trying to be snarky or superior.
             | 
             | What are the hard problems? I can think of a few, but I'm
             | probably wrong.
        
               | dogmatism wrote:
               | It's actually not that hard from a conceptual
               | implementation standpoint, it's a matter of scale,
               | network effects, and regulatory capture
        
               | monkeydreams wrote:
               | Auditing: using Windows plus AV plus malware protection
               | means you demonstrate compliance faster than trying to
               | prove your particular version on Linux is secure.
               | Hospitals have to demonstrate compliance in very short
               | timeframes and every second counts. If you fail to
               | achieve this, some or all of your units can be closed.
               | 
               | Dependency chains: many pieces of kit either only have
               | drivers on windows or work much better on Windows. You
               | are at the mercy of the least OS diverse piece of kit.
               | Label printers are notorious for this as an e.g.
               | 
               | Staffing: Many of your staff know how to do their jobs
               | excellently, but will struggle with tech. You need them
               | to be able assume a look and feel, because you dont want
               | them fighting UX differences when every second counts.
               | Their stress level is roughly equiv. to their worst 10
               | seconds of their day. And staff will quit or strike over
               | UX. Even UI colour changes due to virtualization down
               | scaling have triggered strife.
               | 
               | Change Mgmt: Hospitals are conservative and rarely push
               | the envelope. We are seeing a major shift at the moment
               | in key areas (EMR) but this still happening slowly. No
               | one is interested in increasing their risk just because
               | Linux exists and has Win64 compatability. There is
               | literally no driver for change away from windows.
        
               | herewulf wrote:
               | > There is literally no driver for change away from
               | windows.
               | 
               | (Not including this colossal fuck up.)
        
               | rightbyte wrote:
               | > What are the hard problems? I can think of a few, but
               | I'm probably wrong.
               | 
               | Billing and insurance reimbursement process change all
               | the time and is a headache to keep up to date. E.g. the
               | actual dentist software is paint but with mainly the
               | bucket and some way to quickly insert teeth objects to
               | match your mouth. I.e. almost no medical skill in the
               | software itself helping the user.
        
             | Woodi wrote:
             | Exactly !
             | 
             | Question is: why half+ of Fortune 500 companies allowed
             | Crowdstrike - Windows hackers - access and total control of
             | their not-a-ms-windows business ? Obviously Crowdstrike _do
             | not do_ medicine or lifting cranes differentiation.  "In
             | the middle of the surgery" is _not_ in their use case docs!
             | 
             | There was somewhere Mercedes pitstop image with wall of
             | BSoD monitors :) But that is not Crowdstrike business
             | either...
             | 
             | And all that via public internet and misc clouds. Banks
             | have their own fibre lines, why hospitals can't?
             | 
             | Airports should disconnect from Internet too, selling
             | tickets can be separate infra, synchronization between
             | POSes and checkout don't need to be in real time.
             | 
             | There is only one sane way to prevent such events: EOD
             | controlled by organization and this is sharply incompatible
             | with 3rd party on-line EOD providers. But they can sell it
             | in a box and do real time support when called.
        
           | johncessna wrote:
           | Why did they update everything all at once?
        
             | whydoyoucare wrote:
             | My guess is this was an auto-update pushed out by whatever
             | central management server they use. Given CS is supposed to
             | protect your from malware, IT may have staged and pushed
             | the update in one go.
        
               | Groxx wrote:
               | Auto-updates are the only reason something like this gets
               | so widespread so fast.
        
             | afavour wrote:
             | I assume Crowdstrike is software you usually want to update
             | quickly, given it is (ironically) designed to counter
             | threats to your system.
             | 
             | Very easy for us to second guess today of course. But in
             | another scenario a manager is being torn a new one because
             | they fell victim to a ransomware attack via a zero day
             | systems were left vulnerable to because Crowdstrike wasn't
             | updated in a timely manner.
        
               | anonymous8888 wrote:
               | tfw you need to start staggering your virus updates in
               | case your anti-virus software screws you over instead
        
               | johncessna wrote:
               | In the context of the GP where they were actively
               | treating a heart attack, the act of restarting the
               | computer (let alone it never come back) in of itself
               | seems like an issue.
        
               | owl57 wrote:
               | I believe this update didn't restart the computer, just
               | loaded some new data into kernel. Which didn't crash
               | anything the previous 1000 times. A successful background
               | update could hurt performance, but probably machines
               | where that's considered a problem just don't run a
               | general-purpose multitasking OS?
        
               | nikau wrote:
               | Maybe those old boomer IT people were on to something by
               | using different Citrix clusters and firewalling off the
               | ones that run essential software...
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | Maybe, if there's a new zero-day major exploit that is
               | spreading like wildfire. That's not the normal case. Most
               | successful exploits and ransom attacks are using old
               | vulnerabilites against unpatched and unprotected systems.
               | 
               | Mostly, if you are reasonably timely about keeping
               | updates applied, you're fine.
        
               | afavour wrote:
               | > Maybe, if there's a new zero-day major exploit that is
               | spreading like wildfire. That's not the normal case.
               | 
               | Sure. And Crowstrike releasing an update that bricks
               | machines is also not the normal case. We're debating
               | between two edges cases here, the answers aren't simple.
               | A zero day spreading like wildfire is not normal but if
               | it were to happen it could be just as, if not more,
               | destructive than what we're seeing with Crowdstrike.
        
             | lr1970 wrote:
             | > Why did they update everything all at once?
             | 
             | This is beyond hospital IT control. Clownstrike (sorry,
             | Crowdstrike) unconditionally force-updates the hosts.
        
               | cyanydeez wrote:
               | Likely because staggered updates would harm their overall
               | security services. I'm guessing these software offer
               | telemetry that gets shared across their clientele, so
               | that gets hampered if you have a thousand different
               | software versions.
        
             | jmcgough wrote:
             | Crowdstrike pushed a configuration change that was a
             | malformed file, which was picked up by every computer
             | running a the agent (millions of computers across the
             | globe). It's not like hospitals and IT systems are manually
             | running this update and can roll it back.
             | 
             | As to why they didn't catch this during tests or why they
             | don't use perform gradual change rollouts to hosts, your
             | guess is as good as mine. I hope we get a public postmortem
             | for this.
        
               | jboy55 wrote:
               | Considering Crowdstrike mentioned in their blog that
               | systems that had their 'falcon sensor' installed weren't
               | affected [1], and the update is falcon content, I'm not
               | sure it was a malformed file, but just software that
               | required this sensor to be installed. Perhaps their QA
               | only checked if the update broke systems with this sensor
               | installed, and didn't do a regression check on windows
               | systems without it.
               | 
               | [1]https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/statement-on-falcon-
               | content...
        
               | vladvasiliu wrote:
               | That's not exactly what they're saying.
               | 
               | It says that if a system isn't "affected", meaning it
               | doesn't reboot in a loop, then the "protection" works and
               | nothing needs to be done. That's because the Crowdstrike
               | central systems, on which rely the agents running on the
               | clients' systems, are working well.
               | 
               | The "sensor" is what the clients actually install and run
               | on their machines in order to "use Crowdstrike".
               | 
               | The crash happened in a file named csagent.sys which on
               | my machine was something like a week old.
        
               | adrianmonk wrote:
               | I'm not familiar with their software, but I interpreted
               | their wording to mean their bug can leave your system in
               | one of two possible states:
               | 
               | (1) Entire system is crashed.
               | 
               | (2) System is running AND protected from security threats
               | by Falcon Sensor.
               | 
               | And to mean that this is not a possible state:
               | 
               | (3) System is running but isn't protected by Falcon
               | Sensor.
               | 
               | In other words, I interpreted it to mean that they're
               | trying to reassure people they don't need to worry about
               | crashes and hacks, just crashes.
        
           | et2o wrote:
           | Because essentially every large hospital in the USA does?
        
             | niutech wrote:
             | This is the result of vendor lock-in and the lesson for all
             | businesses not to use Microsoft servers. Linux/*BSD are
             | rock-solid and open source.
        
               | shados wrote:
               | It's not just that. A large portion of IT people who work
               | in these industries find Windows much easier to
               | administer. They're very resistant to switching out even
               | if it was possible and everything the company needed was
               | available elsewhere.
               | 
               | Even if they did switch, they'd then want to install all
               | the equivalent monitoring crap. If such existed, it would
               | likely be some custom kernel driver and it could bring a
               | unix system to its knees when shit goes wrong too.
        
               | marcthe12 wrote:
               | I mean crowdstrike has a linux equivalent which broke
               | rhel recently by triggering kernel panic
        
         | charles_f wrote:
         | > Hard to imagine how many millions of not billions of dollars
         | this one bad update caused.
         | 
         | I mean, if the problem is that hospitals can't function
         | anymore, money is hardly the biggest problem
        
         | charles_f wrote:
         | > Took down our entire emergency department
         | 
         | What does this mean? Did the power go down? Is all the
         | equipment connected? Or is it the insurance software that can't
         | run do nothing gets done? Maybe you can't access patient files
         | anymore but is that taking down the whole thing?
        
           | jmcgough wrote:
           | Every computer entered a bluescreen loop. We are dependent on
           | Epic for placing orders, for nursing staff to know what needs
           | to be done, for viewing records, for transmitting and
           | interpreting radiology machines. It's how we know the current
           | state of the department and where each patient (out of 50+
           | people we are simultaneously treating) is at. Our equipment
           | still works but we're flying blind and having to shout orders
           | at each other and have no way to send radiology images to
           | other doctors for consultation.
        
             | just_1_comment wrote:
             | Yeah in Radiology we depend on Epic and a remote reading
             | service called VRAD. VRAD runs on AWS and went down just
             | after 0130 hrs EST. Without Epic & VRAD we were pretty
             | helpless.
        
               | jmcgough wrote:
               | Can't imagine how stressful this must have been for
               | Radiology. I had two patients waiting on CT read with
               | expectation to discharge if no acute findings. Had to let
               | them know we had no clear estimate for when that would
               | be, and might not even know when the read comes back if
               | we can't access epic.
               | 
               | Have a family member in crit care who was getting a
               | sepsis workup on a patient when this all happened. They
               | somehow got plain film working offline after a bit of
               | effort.
        
         | atoav wrote:
         | Not to be that guy, but I often say software engineering as a
         | field should have harsher standards of quality and certainly
         | liability for things like these. You know like civil engineers,
         | electrical engineers and most people whose work could kill
         | people if done wrongly.
         | 
         | Usually when I write this devs get all defensive and ask me
         | what the worst thing is that could happen.. I don't know..
         | Could you guarantee it doesn't involve people dying?
         | 
         | Dear colleagues, software is great because one persons work
         | multiplies. But it is also a damn fucking huge responsibility
         | to ensure you are not inserting bullshit into the
         | multiplication.
        
           | whydoyoucare wrote:
           | I believe instances like this will push people to reconsider
           | the lax stance. Humans in general have a hard time regulating
           | something abstract. The fact that people can be killed is
           | well-known since the 80s', see
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therac-25
        
             | suzzer99 wrote:
             | I once worked on some software that generated PDFs of lab
             | reports for drug companies monitoring clinical trials.
             | These reports had been tested, but not exhaustively.
             | 
             | We got a new requirement to give doctors access to print
             | them on demand. Before this, doctors only read dot matrix-
             | printed reports that had been vetted for decades. With our
             | XSL-FO PDF generator, it was possible that a column could
             | be pushed outside the print boundary, leading a doctor to
             | see 0.9 as 0. I assume in a worst worst case scenario, this
             | could lead to an misdiagnosis, intervention, and even a
             | patient's death.
             | 
             | I was the only one in the company who cared about doing a
             | ton more testing before we opened the reports to doctors. I
             | had to fight hard for it, then I had to do all the work to
             | come up with every possible lab report scenario and test
             | it. I just couldn't stand the idea that someone might die
             | or be seriously hurt by my software.
             | 
             | Imagine how many times one developer doesn't stand up in
             | that scenario.
        
               | atoav wrote:
               | This is why I made that point, similar to you I would not
               | stand for having my code in something that I can't stand
               | behind, especially if it potentially harms people.
               | 
               | But it should not hinge on us convincing people.
        
           | roeles wrote:
           | Related talk by Alan Kay: https://youtu.be/D43PlUr1x_E
        
           | Tao3300 wrote:
           | I'd endorse this. That way when my hypothetical PHB wants to
           | know why something is taking so long I can say "See this
           | part? Someone could die if we don't refactor it."
        
           | oriel wrote:
           | I'd go a step farther and say software engineering as a field
           | _is not respected_ at the same levels as such certified
           | /credentialed engineers, because of these lacks of standards
           | and liabilities. Leading to common occurrences of systemic
           | destructive failures such as this, due to organization level
           | direction being very lax in dealing with software failure
           | potential.
        
             | tracerbulletx wrote:
             | I don't know, I get paid more than most of my licensed
             | engineer friends. That's the only respect that really
             | matters to me. Not saying there might not be other
             | advantages to a professional organization for software.
        
               | agonz253 wrote:
               | I feel the same way but do agree there's a general lack
               | of respect for the field relative to other professions.
               | Here's another thread on the subject
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23676651
        
               | noAnswer wrote:
               | Respect has to be earned.
        
           | hnthrow289570 wrote:
           | "If only we asked harder problems for our leetcode
           | interview!"
        
           | sigseg1v wrote:
           | Some countries such as Canada have taken minor steps towards
           | this, for example making it illegal to call oneself a
           | software engineer unless you are certified by the provinces
           | professional engineering body, however this is still missing
           | a lot. I also don't wish to be "that guy" but I'll go further
           | and say that the US is really holding this back by not making
           | using Software Engineer as a title (without holding a PEng)
           | illegal in a similar fashion.
           | 
           | If we can at least get that basis then we can start to define
           | more things such as jobs that non Engineers can not legally
           | do, and legal ramifications for things such as software bugs.
           | If someone will lose their professional license and
           | potentially their career over shipping a large enough bug,
           | suddenly the problem of having 25,000 npm dependences and
           | continuous deployment breaking things at any moment will
           | magically cease to exist quite quickly.
        
           | sunnybeetroot wrote:
           | It's important not to disregard that software engineers are
           | often overruled by management or product when strict
           | deadlines and targets exist.
        
         | sizzle wrote:
         | Contact a lawyer if this affected her health please. Any delays
         | in receiving Stroke care can have injured her more I imagine.
         | Any docs here?
        
           | bookofjoe wrote:
           | Yes. Reading and learning.
        
           | psychlops wrote:
           | I can't even begin to imagine the cost of proving the health
           | effects and attempting to win the case.
        
           | jmcgough wrote:
           | ER worker here. It really depends on the details. If she was
           | C-STAT positive with last known normal within three hours,
           | you assume stroke, activate the stroke team, and everything
           | moves very quickly. This is where every minute counts,
           | because you can do clot busting to recover brain function.
           | 
           | The fact that she was discharged without an overnight admit
           | suggests to me that the MRI did not show a stroke, or perhaps
           | she was outside the treatment window when she went to the
           | hospital.
        
             | sizzle wrote:
             | What if it was a cerebral bleed?
        
         | WhyNotHugo wrote:
         | It's honestly terrifying that someone would opt for Windows in
         | systems critical to medical emergencies.
         | 
         | I hope organisations start revisiting some of these insane
         | decisions.
        
           | afavour wrote:
           | Eh. There are a great many problems that could befall a
           | medical emergency systems that are unrelated to OS. Like
           | power loss. I think the core problem here really is a lack of
           | redundancy.
        
           | wannacboatmovie wrote:
           | I've had updates break Linux machines.
           | 
           | Just a few weeks ago I had an OpenBSD box render itself
           | _completely unbootable_ after nothing more than a routine
           | clean shutdown. Turns out their paranoid-idiotic  "we re-link
           | the kernel on every boot" coupled with their house-of-cards
           | file system corrupted the kernel, then overwrote the backup
           | copy when I booted from emergency media - which doesn't
           | create device nodes by default so can't even mount the
           | internal disks without more cryptic commands.
           | 
           | Give me the Windows box, please.
        
             | type0 wrote:
             | you are comparing a broken bicycle to a trainwreck
        
             | sgarland wrote:
             | Counter anecdote: I've been using Linux for 20 years,
             | nearly half of that professionally. The only time I've
             | broken a Linux box where it wasn't functional was mixing
             | Debian unstable with stable, and I was still able to fix
             | it.
             | 
             | I've had hardware stop working because I updated the kernel
             | without checking if it removed support, but a. that's
             | easily reversible b. Linux kept working fine, as expected.
             | 
             | I'll also point out, as I'm sure you know, that the BSDs
             | are not Linux.
        
               | dgan wrote:
               | Funny, i broke my Debian twice (on two separate laptops)
               | by doing exactly that, mixing stable with testing. I was
               | kinda obliged to use "testing" because Dell XPS would
               | miss critical drivers.
               | 
               | I switched to opensuse afterwards
        
               | sgarland wrote:
               | In fairness, this is the number one way listed [0] on how
               | to break Debian. That said, if you need testing (which
               | isn't that uncommon for personal use; Debian is slow to
               | roll out changes, favoring stability), then running pure
               | Sid is actually a viable option. It's quite stable,
               | despite its name.
               | 
               | [0]: https://wiki.debian.org/DontBreakDebian
        
           | TheCondor wrote:
           | Not my story to tell, so I'm relaying it. Childhood friend
           | works for a big company, you've heard their name, they make
           | nuclear control systems for nuclear reactors; they have
           | products out in the field they support and there are new
           | reactors in parts of the world from time to time. We were
           | scheduled to have lunch a couple years back and he bailed, we
           | rescheduled, he bailed because that was the day you couldn't
           | defer XP updates anymore, they came in and some XP systems
           | became Windows 10. XP was "nuclear reactor approved" by
           | someone, they had a tool chain that didn't work right on
           | other versions of windows, it all gave me chills.
           | 
           | They ended up giving MS a substantial amount of money to
           | extend support for their use case for some number of years. I
           | can't remember the number he told me but it was extremely
           | large.
        
             | nikau wrote:
             | If its not connected to the internet who cares?
        
               | jacobgkau wrote:
               | It sounds like he said XP machines auto-updated to
               | Windows 10, and they would have had to have been
               | connected to the internet in order to download that
               | update. (I'm assuming, optimistically, that these were
               | more remote-control computers than actual nuclear
               | devices.)
        
           | type0 wrote:
           | some critical software has DRM that only works in Windows
        
         | ayakang31415 wrote:
         | If true, this is insane that critical facilities like hospital
         | do not have decentralized security system.
        
           | mandevil wrote:
           | Crowdstrike is on every machine in the hospital because
           | hospitals and medical centers became a big target for
           | ransomware a few years ago. This forced medical centers to
           | get insured against loss of business and getting their data
           | back. The insurance companies that insure companies against
           | ransomware insist on putting host based security systems onto
           | every machine or they won't cover losses. So Crowdstrike (or
           | one of their competitors) has to run on every machine.
        
             | ensignavenger wrote:
             | I wonder if those same insurance policies are going to pay
             | out due to the losses from this event?
        
               | chiph wrote:
               | Depends on what the policy (contract) says. But there's a
               | good argument that your security vendor is inside the
               | wall of trust at a business, and so not an external risk.
        
               | golergka wrote:
               | In a sense, it looks like these insurance company's
               | policies work a little bit like regulation. Except that
               | it's not monopolistic (different companies are free to
               | have different rules), and when shit hits the fan, they
               | actually have to put their money where their mouth is.
               | 
               | Despite this horrific outage, in the end it sounds like a
               | much better and anti-fragile system than a government
               | telling people how to do things.
        
               | ensignavenger wrote:
               | A little bit, probably slightly better. But insurance
               | companies don't want to eliminate risk (if they did that,
               | no one would buy their product). They instead want to
               | quantify, control and spread the risk by creating a risk
               | pool. Good, competent regulation would be aimed at
               | eliminating, as much as reasonably possible, the risk.
               | Instead, insurance company audits are designed to
               | eliminate the worst risk and put everyone into a similar
               | risk bucket. After spending money on an insurance policy
               | and passing an audit, why would a company spend even more
               | money and effort? They have done "enough".
        
               | tw04 wrote:
               | Why would they? Cybersecurity insurance doesn't cover "we
               | had an outage" - it covers a security breach.
        
               | jjav wrote:
               | > I wonder if those same insurance policies are going to
               | pay out due to the losses from this event?
               | 
               | They absolutely should be liable for the losses, in each
               | case where they caused it.
               | 
               | (Which is most of them. Most companies install
               | crowdstrike because their auditor want it and their
               | insurance company says they must do whatever the auditor
               | wants. Companies don't generally install crowdstrike out
               | of their own desire.)
               | 
               | But of course they will not pay a single penny. Laws need
               | to change for insurance companies, auditors and
               | crowdstrike to be liable for all these damages. That will
               | never happen.
        
             | ayakang31415 wrote:
             | Is there any security company that provides decentralized
             | service?
        
               | mandevil wrote:
               | By "decentralized" I think you mean "doesn't auto-update
               | with new definitions"?
               | 
               | I have worked at places which controlled the roll-out of
               | new security updates (and windows updates) for this very
               | reason. If you invest enough in IT is possible. But you
               | have to have a lot of money to invest in IT to have
               | people good enough to manage it. If you can get
               | SwiftOnSecurity to manage your network, you can have
               | that. But can every hospital, doctor's office, pharmacy,
               | scan center, etc. get top tier talent like
               | SwiftOnSecurity?
        
               | ayakang31415 wrote:
               | When I say decentralized, I mean security measures and
               | updates taken locally at the facility. For example, MRI
               | machines are local, and they get maintained and updated
               | by specialists dispatched by the vendor (Siemens or GE)
        
               | mandevil wrote:
               | Siemens or GE or whomever built the MRI machine aren't
               | really experts in operating systems, so they just use one
               | that everyone knows how to work, MS Windiows. It's
               | unfortunate that to do things necessary for modern
               | medicine they need to be networked together with other
               | computers (to feed the EMR's most importantly) but it is
               | important in making things safer. And these machines are
               | supposed to have 10-20 year lifespans (depending on the
               | machine)! So now we have a computer sitting on the
               | corporate network, attached to a 10 year old machine, and
               | that is a major vulnerability if it isn't protected,
               | patched, and updated. So is GE or Siemens going to send
               | out a technician to every machine every month when the
               | new Windows patch rolls out? If not, the computer sitting
               | on the network is vulnerable for how long?
               | 
               | Healthcare IT is very important, because computers are
               | good at record-keeping, retrieval and storage, and that's
               | a huge part of healthcare.
        
               | ensignavenger wrote:
               | I used to work for a major retailer managing updates to
               | over 6000 stores. We had no auto updates (all linux
               | systems in stores) and every update went through our
               | system.
               | 
               | When it came to audit time, the auditors were always
               | impressed that our team had better timely updates than
               | the corporate office side of things.
               | 
               | I never really thought we were doing anythin all that
               | special (in fact, there were always many things I wanted
               | to improve anout the process) but reading about this
               | issue makes me think that maybe we really were just that
               | much better than the average IT shop?
        
               | krisoft wrote:
               | > I have worked at places which controlled the roll-out
               | of new security updates (and windows updates)
               | 
               | But did they also control the roll-out of virus/threat
               | definition files? Because if not their goose would have
               | been still cooked this time.
        
               | whatevertrevor wrote:
               | Maybe, maybe not, devil's in the details.
               | 
               | If, for example, they were doing slow rollouts for
               | configs in addition to binaries, they could have caught
               | the problem in their canary/test envs and not let it
               | proceed to a full blackout.
        
               | akira2501 wrote:
               | A large hospital takes in power from multiple feeds in
               | case any one provider fails. It's amazing that we're even
               | thinking in terms of "a security company" rather than
               | "multiple security layers."
               | 
               | The fact that ransomware is still a concern is an
               | indication that we've failed to update our IT management
               | and design appropriately to account for them. We took the
               | cheap way out and hoped a single vendor could just paper
               | over the issue. Never in history has this ever worked.
               | 
               | Also speaking of generators a large enough hospital
               | should be running power failure test events periodically.
               | Why isn't a "massive IT failure test event" ever part of
               | the schedule? Probably because they know they have no
               | reasonable options and any scale of catastrophe would be
               | too disastrous to even think about testing.
               | 
               | It's a lesson on the failures of monoculture. We've taken
               | the 1970s design as far as it can ago. We need a more
               | organically inspired and rigorous approach to systems
               | building now.
        
               | ngneer wrote:
               | This. The 1970s design of the operating system and the
               | few companies that deliver us the monoculture are simply
               | not adequate or robust given the world of today.
        
             | alerighi wrote:
             | I wonder why putting software on every machine, instead of
             | relying on a good firewall and network separation.
             | 
             | Granted, you are still vulnerable of physical attacks (i.e.
             | the person coming with an USB stick) but I would say much
             | more difficult, and if you put firewalls also between
             | compartment of internal networks even difficult.
             | 
             | Also, I think the use of Windows in critical settings is
             | not a good choice, and to me we had a demonstrations. For
             | who says the same could have happened to Linux, yes but you
             | could have mitigated it. For example, to me a Linux system
             | used in critical settings shall have a root read-only root
             | filesystem, on Windows you can't. Thus the worse you would
             | had is to reboot the machine to restore it.
        
               | MattPalmer1086 wrote:
               | A common attack vector is phishing, where someone clicks
               | on an email link and gets compromised or supplies
               | credentials on a spoofed login page. External firewalls
               | cannot help you much there.
               | 
               | Segmenting your internal network is a good defence
               | against lots of attacks, to limit the blast radius, but
               | it's hard and expensive to do a lot of it in corporate
               | environments.
        
               | numpad0 wrote:
               | There are no good firewall in the market. It's always the
               | pretend-firewall that becomes the vector.
        
               | whatevertrevor wrote:
               | Yup as you say, if you go for a state of the art
               | firewall, then that firewall also becomes a point of
               | failure. Unfortunately complex problems don't go away by
               | saying the word "decentralize".
        
               | eschneider wrote:
               | The physical security of computers in , say a hospital,
               | is poor. You can't rely on random people not getting
               | access to a logged in computer.
        
               | shados wrote:
               | You highly overestimate the capabilities of the average
               | IT person working for a hospital. I'm sure some could do
               | it. But most who can work elsewhere.
        
             | musicale wrote:
             | Crowdstrike and its ilk are basically malware. There have
             | to be better anti-ransomware approaches, such as
             | replicated, immutable logs for critical data.
        
               | mango7283 wrote:
               | That only solves half the problem, it doesn't solve data
               | theft
        
               | musicale wrote:
               | 1. Is data theft the main risk of _ransomware_?
               | 
               | 2. Why would anyone trust a ransomware perpetrator to
               | honor a deal to not reveal or exploit data upon receipt
               | of a single ransom payment? Are organizations really
               | going to let themselves be blackmailed for an indefinite
               | period of time?
               | 
               | 3. I'm unconvinced that crowdstrike will reliably prevent
               | sensitive data exfiltration.
        
               | mango7283 wrote:
               | 1. Double extortion is the norm, some groups don't even
               | bother with the encryption part anymore, they just ask a
               | ransom for not leaking the data
               | 
               | 2. Appearently yes. Why do you think calls to ban
               | payments exist?
               | 
               | 3. At minimum it raises the bar for the hackers - sure,
               | it's not like you can't bypass edr but it's much easier
               | if you don't have to bypass it at all because it's not
               | there
        
               | jjav wrote:
               | > That only solves half the problem, it doesn't solve
               | data theft
               | 
               | crowsdstrike is not a DLP solution. You can solve that
               | problem (where necessary) by less intrusive means.
        
               | mango7283 wrote:
               | I agree edr is not a DLP solution, but edr is there to
               | prevent* an attack getting to the point where staging the
               | data exfil happens... In which case yes I would expect
               | web/volumetric DLP kicks in as the next layer.
               | 
               | *Ok ok I know it's bypassable but one of the happy paths
               | for an attack is to pivot to the machine that doesn't
               | have edr and continue from there.
        
             | jjav wrote:
             | > The insurance companies that insure companies against
             | ransomware insist on putting host based security systems
             | onto every machine or they won't cover losses.
             | 
             | This is part of the problem too. These insurance/audit
             | companies need to be made liable for the damage they
             | themselves cause when they require insecure attack vectors
             | (like Crowdstrike) to be installed on machines.
        
           | niutech wrote:
           | It's insane why critical facilities use Windows OS rather
           | than Linux/*BSD, which is rock-solid.
        
             | bogantech wrote:
             | They'll still install crowdstrike or some other rootkit
             | that will bring it all down anyway
        
             | noAnswer wrote:
             | Not if you use Crowdstrike! :-)
             | 
             | https://www.reddit.com/r/debian/comments/1c8db7l/linuximage
             | 6...
        
         | hassiktir wrote:
         | I dont understand how this isnt bigger news?
         | 
         | Local emergency services were basically nonfunctioning for
         | better part of the day along with the heat wave and various
         | events, seems like a number of deaths (locally at least,
         | specific to what I know for my mid sized US city) will be
         | indirectly attributable to this.
        
           | jmcgough wrote:
           | It's entirely possible (likely, even) that someone died from
           | this, but it's hard to know with critically ill patients
           | whether they would have survived without the added delays.
        
             | b800h wrote:
             | On aggregate it is. How many deaths over the average for
             | these conditions did we see?
        
               | hassiktir wrote:
               | We are in the process of calculating this but need this
               | 24H period to roll over so we can benchmark the numbers
               | against a similar 24H period. Its hard to tell if the
               | numbers we get back will even be reliable given a lot of
               | the statistics back from today from what I can tell have
               | been via emails or similar.
        
               | callalex wrote:
               | Give it like, a week before bothering to ask such
               | questions...
        
         | jjav wrote:
         | > Took down our entire emergency department as we were treating
         | a heart attack.
         | 
         | It makes my blood boil to be honest that there is no liability
         | for what software has become. It's just not acceptable.
         | 
         | Companies that produce software with the level of access that
         | Crowdstrike has (for all effective purposes a remote root
         | exploit vector) _must_ be liable for the damages that this
         | access can cause.
         | 
         | This would radically change how much attention they pay to
         | quality control. Today they can just YOLO-push barely tested
         | code that bricks large parts of the economy and face no
         | consequences. (Oh, I'm sure there will be some congress
         | testimony and associated circus, but they will not ever pay for
         | the damages they caused today.)
         | 
         | If a person caused the level and quantity of damage Crowdstrike
         | caused today they would be in jail for life. But a company like
         | Crowdstrike will merrily go on doing more damage without paying
         | any consequence.
        
           | throwaway7356 wrote:
           | > Companies that produce software
           | 
           | What about companies that deploy software with the level of
           | quality that Crowdstrike has? Or Microsoft 365 for that
           | matter.
           | 
           | That seems to be the bigger issue here; after all Crowdstrike
           | probably says it is not suitable for any critical systems in
           | their terms of use. You shouldn't be able to just decide to
           | deploy anything not running away fast enough on critical
           | infrastructure.
           | 
           | On the other hand, Crowdstrike Falcon Sensor might be totally
           | suitable for a non-critical systems, say entertainment
           | systems like the Xbox One.
        
             | rvnx wrote:
             | CrowdStrike https://www.crowdstrike.com > resources >
             | infographics Learn how CrowdStrike keeps your critical
             | areas of risk such as endpoints, cloud workloads, data, and
             | identity, safe and your business running
        
         | fransje26 wrote:
         | > Hard to imagine how many millions of not billions of dollars
         | this one bad update caused.
         | 
         | And even worse, possibly quite a few deaths as well.
         | 
         | I hope (although I will not be holding my breath), that this is
         | the wake-up call we need to realise that we cannot have so much
         | of our critical infrastructure rely on the bloated OS of
         | company known for its buggy, privacy-intruding, crapware
         | riddled software.
         | 
         | I'm old enough to remember the infamous blue-screen-of-death
         | Windows 98 presentation. Bugs exist but that was hardly a
         | glowing endorsement of high-quality software.. This was long
         | ago, yet it is nigh on impossible to believe that the internal
         | company culture has drastically improved since then, with
         | regular high-profile screw-ups reminding us of what is hiding
         | under the thin veneer of corporate of respectability.
         | 
         | Our emergency systems don't need windows, our telephone systems
         | don't need windows, our flight management systems don't need
         | windows, our shop equipment systems don't need windows, our
         | HVAC systems don't need windows, and the list goes on, and on,
         | and on.
         | 
         | Specialized, high-quality OSes with low attack surfaces are
         | what we need to run our systems. Not a generic OS stuffed with
         | legacy code from a time when those applications were not even
         | envisaged.
         | 
         | Keep-it-simple-stupid -KISS-is what we need to go back to, our
         | lives literally depend on it.
         | 
         | With the mutli-billion dollars screw-up that happened
         | yesterday, and an as-of-yet unknown number of deaths, it's
         | impossible to argue that the funds are unavailable to develop
         | such systems. Plurality is what we need, built on top of strong
         | standards for compatibility and interoperability.
        
           | fluoridation wrote:
           | OK, but this was a bug in an update of a kernel module that
           | just happened to be deployed on Windows machines. How many
           | OSs are there that can gracefully recover from an error in
           | kernel space? If every machine that crashed had been running,
           | say, Linux and the update had been coded equivalently,
           | nothing would've changed.
           | 
           | Perhaps rather than an indictment on Windows, this is a call
           | to re-evaluate microkernels, at least for critical systems
           | and infrastructure.
        
       | tamimio wrote:
       | I just skimmed through the news. A lot of airports, hospitals,
       | and even governments are down! It's ironic how people are putting
       | their eggs in one basket, trying to avoid downtime caused by
       | malware by relying on a company that put their system down. A lot
       | of lessons will be learned after this for sure.
        
         | phatfish wrote:
         | Unless you run half your devices on one security vendor and
         | half on another surely there is no way round it? Companies
         | install this stuff over "Windows Defender" so they can point
         | fingers at the security vendor when they get hacked, this is
         | the other side of the coin.
         | 
         | It has happened before where security software has unwanted
         | effects, can't say i remember anyone else managing to blue
         | screen Windows and require a safe mode boot to fix the
         | endpoints though.
        
           | whyoh wrote:
           | Relying on easy-install "security vendors" is the problem.
           | It's one thing to run an antivirus on a general purpose PC
           | that doesn't have a qualified human admin. But many of the
           | computers affected here are single-purpose devices, which
           | should operate with a different approach to security.
        
       | pageandrew wrote:
       | I don't know Windows systems. I've read it's causing Blue Screen
       | of Death.
       | 
       | I take that to mean that systems can't even boot. Right?
       | 
       | Can this be fixed over the air?
        
         | monocasa wrote:
         | Right now the workaround is doing brain surgery on the system
         | in safe mode, so probably no ota fix.
        
         | saagarjha wrote:
         | == kernel panic if that clears it up
        
       | surfingdino wrote:
       | Back in the 1990s when Microsoft wanted to enter the embedded
       | systems market there was a saying "You don't want Windows
       | controlling your car's breaks". We now let them control a huge
       | part of our lives. Should we let them add AI to the already
       | unpalatable cocktail?
        
       | novaRom wrote:
       | Chances if Microsoft or Crowdstrike will be held liable for
       | financial losses caused by this outage?
        
         | rwmj wrote:
         | None whatsoever, their contracts with customers will limit
         | liability to the price paid for the software/subscription. If
         | there was open-ended liability for software failures then very
         | little software would get written.
        
           | account42 wrote:
           | This is an insane take. Do you think other industries get
           | away with limiting their liability to the product cost? No,
           | because that doesn't provide adequate incentives for making a
           | safe product. The amount of software that gets written
           | depends mostly on the demand for that software. Even if
           | Micrososft would not be willing to up their game to make the
           | risk viable then someone else would.
        
             | rwmj wrote:
             | The thing is we know how to make (eg) food that is safe or
             | to a lesser extent bridges that don't fall down. If you
             | sell food that makes people sick you should have known how
             | to avoid that and so you can be held liable.
             | 
             | We don't have a good idea how to make software that is
             | flawless, at least, not at scale for a cost that is
             | acceptable. This is changing a little bit now with the
             | drive by governments to use memory-safe languages, but that
             | only covers a small part of the possible spectrum of bugs
             | in software and hardware.
        
               | Manfred wrote:
               | Nothing is without flaws, it's about limiting risk to an
               | acceptable amount. Critical software should be held
               | against higher standards.
        
               | rwmj wrote:
               | What's "critical software"? Software controlling flight
               | systems in planes _is_ already held to very high
               | standards, but is enormously expensive to write and
               | modify.
               | 
               | In this case it seems most of the software which is
               | failing is dull back office stuff running on Windows -
               | billing systems, train signage, baggage handling - which
               | no one thought was critical, and there's no way on earth
               | we could afford to rewrite it in the same way as we do
               | aircraft systems.
        
               | Manfred wrote:
               | I meant critical software a short-hand for something
               | like: quality of software should be proportional to the
               | amount of disruption caused by downtime.
               | 
               | Point of sale in a records store, less important. Point
               | of sale in a pharmacy, could be problematic. Web shop
               | customer call center, less important. Emergency services
               | call center, could be problematic.
        
               | burnished wrote:
               | What you're describing is a system where the degree of
               | acceptable failure is determined after the software
               | becomes a product because it is being determined by how
               | important the buyer is. That is backwards and unworkable.
        
               | kuboble wrote:
               | I think the system is rather a one where if you offer
               | critical services then you're not allowed to use a
               | software that hasn't been developed up to a particular
               | high standard.
               | 
               | So if you develop your compression library it can't be
               | used by anyone running critical infra unless you stamp it
               | "critical certified", which in turn will make you liable
               | for some quality issues with your software.
        
               | regularfry wrote:
               | It isn't, though. "You may not sell into a situation that
               | creates an unacceptable hazard" is essentially how
               | hazardous chemical sale is regulated, and that's just the
               | first example that I could find. It's not uncommon for a
               | seller to have to qualify a buyer.
        
               | Manfred wrote:
               | I assume you mean "if the buyer will use the software in
               | critical systems."
               | 
               | That's very realistic and already happens by requiring
               | certain standards from the resulting product. For
               | example, there are security standards and auditing
               | requirements for medical systems, payment systems, cars,
               | planes, etc.
        
               | Quekid5 wrote:
               | I, as a producer of software, have effectively no control
               | over where it gets used. That's the point.
               | 
               | Outside of regulated industries it's the context in which
               | software is used which determines how critical it is. (As
               | you say.)
               | 
               | So what you seem to be suggesting (effectively) is that
               | use of software be regulated to a greater/lesser extent
               | for _all_ industries... and that just seems completely
               | unworkable.
        
               | systemvoltage wrote:
               | Agreed, there is no such thing as perfect software.
               | 
               | In physical world, you can specify a tolerance of 0.0005
               | in but the part is going to cost $25k a piece. It is
               | trivially easy to specify tolerance, very hard to
               | engineer a whole system that doesn't blow the cost and
               | impossible to fund.
               | 
               | Great software architectures are the ones that operate
               | cheaply, but are bulletproof when software fails.
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaos_engineering
        
               | llm_trw wrote:
               | > Software controlling flight systems in planes is
               | already held to very high standards, but is enormously
               | expensive to write and modify.
               | 
               | Boeing disagrees.
        
               | raverbashing wrote:
               | Hence, Windows should blue/green kernel modules and
               | revert to a past known good version if things break
        
               | jmb99 wrote:
               | Would not shock me for AV companies to immediately work
               | around that if it were to be implemented. "You want our
               | protection all of the time, even if the attacker is
               | corrupting your drivers!"
        
               | sznio wrote:
               | This seems like the kernel module was faulty for some
               | time. The update only changed the input data for the
               | module.
        
               | wiz21c wrote:
               | > but is enormously expensive to write and modify.
               | 
               | We're talking about critical software. If we can't afford
               | to reach the level of safety needed because it's too
               | expensive, well so be it.
               | 
               | Besides, the enormously expensive flight systems don't
               | seem to make my plane ticket expensive at all...
        
               | rwmj wrote:
               | There's only one piece of software which (with
               | adaptations) runs every Airbus plane. The cost of
               | developing and modifying that -- which is enormous -- is
               | amortized over all the Airbus planes sold. (I can't speak
               | about Boeing)
               | 
               | What failed today is a bunch of Windows stuff, of which
               | there is a vast amount of software produced by huge
               | numbers of companies, all of very variable quality and
               | age.
        
               | lucianbr wrote:
               | Something that has managed to ground a lot of planes and
               | disable emergency calls today is in fact critical. The
               | outcome of it failing proves it is critical. Whatever it
               | is.
               | 
               | Now, that it was not known previously to be critical,
               | that may be. Whether we should have realised its
               | criticality or not, is debatable. But going forward we
               | should learn something from this. So maybe think more
               | about cascading failures and classify more things as
               | critical.
               | 
               | I have to wonder how the failure of billing and baggage
               | handling has resulted in 911 being inoperative. I think
               | maybe there's more to it than you mention here.
        
               | locococo wrote:
               | Given how widespread the issue is, it seems that proper
               | testing on Crowdstrike's part could have revealed this
               | issue before rolling out the change globally.
               | 
               | It's also common to rollout changes regionally to prevent
               | global impact.
               | 
               | To me it seems Crowdstrike does not have a very good
               | release process.
        
               | osmarks wrote:
               | Crowdstrike should have higher testing standards, not
               | every random back-office process.
        
               | matrix87 wrote:
               | > Software controlling flight systems in planes is
               | already held to very high standards, but is enormously
               | expensive to write and modify.
               | 
               | Here's something I don't understand: those jobs pay chump
               | change compared to places like FB and (afaik) social
               | networks don't have the same life-or-death context
        
               | llm_trw wrote:
               | We don't know how to make general software safe, but we
               | do know how to make any one piece of software safe. If
               | you're software is going to be used as infrastructure
               | then it should be held to the same standards. If you
               | don't want it to be treated as infrastructure don't sell
               | it to hospitals.
        
               | burnished wrote:
               | Mixing up the responsibility, in your world hospitals
               | shouldn't purchase it.
        
               | account42 wrote:
               | Responsibility can be shared.
        
           | Reason077 wrote:
           | It doesn't really matter what the contract says. Laws take
           | precedence over contracts. For example, Boeing's liability
           | for 737 airliners that crash due to faulty software certainly
           | isn't limited to the price of the planes.
        
             | YeBanKo wrote:
             | But only $243.6M for _fraud_ , which caused death of 346
             | people.
        
           | anigbrowl wrote:
           | Crowdstrike's stock closed at $343 yesterday, I imagine that
           | and MSFT are going to be cratering later this morning.
        
             | dist-epoch wrote:
             | MSFT will be fine. They are riding the AI waves, this is
             | not meaningful, especially since they are not at fault.
        
               | Cthulhu_ wrote:
               | It may not be their fault directly but it is causing
               | Windows systems to bluescreen, which IS their fault and
               | their responsibility, ultimately.
        
               | hulitu wrote:
               | Windows blue screen was never Microsoft's responsibility.
               | /s
        
               | echoangle wrote:
               | How is it their fault and responsibility? Isn't falcon
               | sensor basically running like a kernel module? Does it
               | mean that Windows is not engineered properly when it can
               | be crashed by this?
        
               | wwtrv wrote:
               | Are you saying that they should prevent or limit the
               | ability of their users from installing third party
               | software? Or at the very least prevent it from running in
               | kernel mode?
        
               | rocqua wrote:
               | A more reasonable claim would be that microsoft should
               | have a way to allow virus-scanners to run without needing
               | to be able to crash the kernel.
               | 
               | That isn't an easy thing to do, but it should be
               | possible.
        
               | bdd8f1df777b wrote:
               | I don't think that is possible. How can an anti-virus not
               | in kernel mode defend against viruses running in kernel
               | mode then?
        
               | oska wrote:
               | The waves that are already looking like a storm in a
               | teacup ?
               | 
               | There is no 'AI', that is always only hype. There _is_
               | machine learning, which is a very powerful technology but
               | I doubt MSFT will be leading that revolution. As for
               | LLMs, MSFT might have some competitiveness there but I
               | doubt it 's going to be a very lucrative market. MSFT is
               | highly overvalued.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | << There is no 'AI', that is always only hype. There is
               | machine learning, which is a very powerful technology
               | 
               | I agree with you on the technical aspect, but the
               | distinction makes regular people eyes glaze over within 5
               | seconds of that explanation. AI as a label for this is
               | here to stay the same way cyber stopped meaning text sex
               | of IRC. The people have spoken.
               | 
               | << MSFT is highly overvalued.
               | 
               | Yes, but so is NVDA, the entire stock exchange and US
               | real estate market. We are obviously due for a major
               | correction and have been for a while. As in, I actually
               | moved stuff around in my 401k to soften the blow in that
               | event 2 years ago now. edit: yes, I am a little miffed I
               | missed out on that ride.
               | 
               | So far, everything was done to prevent hard crash and in
               | the election year, that is unlikely to change. Now after
               | the election, that is another story altogether.
               | 
               | << I doubt MSFT will be leading that revolution.
               | 
               | I think I agree. I remain mildly hopeful that the open
               | model approach is the way.
        
               | oska wrote:
               | > Now after the election, that is another story
               | altogether.
               | 
               | Agree. First half of 2025 could be pretty spectacular
               | (if/when we get through 2024).
               | 
               | I suspect there might be some pretty radical plans for US
               | debt monetisation being drawn up, to be implemented early
               | in the new presidential term.
        
               | throaway920181 wrote:
               | My brain goes there too, but the other part of my brain
               | says "line always goes up." The richest among us are
               | heavy owners of stocks, and this country does everything
               | it can to keep those numbers up. Look at that insane
               | COVID V-shaped recovery that happened. That's just not a
               | real/natural market reaction in my book.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | The worst part is that I get the need to do something to
               | rein it in, but I get the feeling it will, as always, not
               | be the actual rich ( owns color blue rich level ), who
               | will suffer from those plans. There are less and less
               | moves the government has as time progresses.
        
               | jliptzin wrote:
               | https://www.aqr.com/-/media/AQR/Documents/Whitepapers/Und
               | ers...
               | 
               | You should stop trying to predict the next crash.
               | According to the study, most people (including
               | institutional investors) consistently believe there is a
               | >10% chance the market will crash in the next 6 months
               | when historically the probability is only 1%
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | << You should stop trying to predict the next crash.
               | 
               | Hmm? No. I will attempt to secure my own financial
               | interest.
               | 
               | << According to the study, most people (including
               | institutional investors) consistently believe there is a
               | >10% chance the market will crash in the next 6 months
               | when historically the probability is only 1%
               | 
               | Historically is doing a fair amount of work here. I would
               | argue there is little historical value to the data we
               | face. Over the past few decades we went through through
               | several mini revolutions ( industrial, information and
               | whatever they end up calling now ) in terms of how we
               | work, eat, communicate and, well, live.
               | 
               | All of these have upended how humans interact with the
               | world effectively changing the calculus on the data that
               | preceding it if not nullifying it altogether in some
               | ways.
               | 
               | Your argument is to stop worrying since you are likely
               | wrong anyway, by a factor of 10. I am saying is 1935
               | people also thought they have time to ride the wave.
               | 
               | edit: ok, need coffee. too many edits
        
             | d1sxeyes wrote:
             | Pretty good time to buy MSFT I would imagine, given that
             | this isn't really their fault.
        
               | fvold wrote:
               | Yeah, if I had a spare million, I can imagine buying that
               | dip.
        
               | Wytwwww wrote:
               | So far MSFT is down by ~2%... Even Crowdstrike is only
               | -20%. When they probably did more damage in a day their
               | entire net worth.
        
               | anigbrowl wrote:
               | I'm mystified it's not much lower. Perhaps the market
               | hasn't really priced in the damage yet.
        
             | cm2187 wrote:
             | I'd expect crowdstrike to take a big hit. Between this and
             | the russian hack [edit: actually not, sorry, confused with
             | SolarWinds], I am not sure they are not causing more
             | problems than they solve.
        
               | roca wrote:
               | Crowdstrike was hacked by Russians?
        
               | cm2187 wrote:
               | Sorry I confused them with SolarWinds. Strike that
        
             | UmbasaMan wrote:
             | Pro tip: your stock can't go down if you crash the stock
             | exchange
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | It honestly did not occur to me. In all seriousness, was
               | stock exchange ever really hacked ( not just data
               | exfiltration -- write access to everything )?
        
               | bink wrote:
               | Trading has been halted on stock exchanges due to
               | technical issues many times. But there's are also more
               | than one stock exchange.
        
               | gostsamo wrote:
               | No, it can't, if there is no stock exchange online to
               | process the prices.
        
               | _heimdall wrote:
               | "Tell me, Mr. Anderson, what good is a phone call when
               | you are unable to speak?"
        
             | attentive wrote:
             | it hovers around -20% in pre-market (at the moment)
        
           | ssss11 wrote:
           | That's what the license agreement says. Wait till every man
           | and his dog sues them.
        
           | beejiu wrote:
           | Caveat to this: In the UK and many other countries, you
           | cannot limit liabilities that cause death or personal injury
           | arising from negligence.
        
             | Cthulhu_ wrote:
             | Yeah but if it's a hospital, they should be able to operate
             | without these IT systems. Nothing critical / life-or-death
             | / personal injury should rely on Windows / IT systems.
        
               | SuperNinKenDo wrote:
               | Why? Because you simply wish it to be so?
        
               | Y_Y wrote:
               | Because it's evidently a bad idea and there are
               | reasonable alternatives.
        
               | cqqxo4zV46cp wrote:
               | That's easy for you to say, with the benefit of recency
               | bias, and with presumably zero experience in running a
               | hospital.
        
               | throwaway3306a wrote:
               | That's not about experience, that's about following the
               | regulated standards. This is well known ever since
               | technology (not computers) got into hospitals.
        
               | bdd8f1df777b wrote:
               | None of the points you mention detracts from the
               | correctness of his/her statement.
        
               | SuperNinKenDo wrote:
               | And? People and institutions constantly make bad
               | decisions for which there are reasonable alternatives,
               | and that's assuming that the incentives at play for
               | decision makers are aligned with what we would want them
               | to be, which is often not the case. Not that that ends up
               | mattering much except as an explanatory device, because
               | people and institutions constantly pursue bad ideas even
               | seen in terms of their own interests.
        
               | jlokier wrote:
               | Because the suppliers of IT systems (eg Microsoft,
               | Crowdstrike) do not agree that they can be used for life-
               | critical purposes
               | 
               | If someone is injured or dies because the hospital has
               | inadequate backup processes in the event of a Windows
               | outage, some or maybe all liability for negligence falls
               | on those who designed the hospital that way, not the IT
               | supplier who didn't agree to it.
        
               | SuperNinKenDo wrote:
               | If your assumptions rest on corporate entities or actual
               | decision makers being held legally liable, then you've
               | got a lot of legwork ahead of you to demonstrate why
               | that's a reasonable presupposition.
        
               | RobotToaster wrote:
               | Because you should always have a backup.
        
               | bryan_w wrote:
               | It would be like orthopedic surgeons heading down to
               | harbor freight to pick up their saws instead of using
               | medical grade versions.
               | 
               | The tool isn't fit for purpose
        
               | hatenberg wrote:
               | Also Silicon Valley: AI will replace doctors and nurses.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | > they should be able to operate without these IT
               | systems.
               | 
               | Is that even possible any more? (That said, "operate"
               | isn't a boolean, it's a continuum between perfect service
               | and none, with various levels of degraded service
               | between, even if you mean "operate" in the sense of
               | "perform a surgical operation" rather than "any treatment
               | or care of any kind").
               | 
               | All medical notes being printed in hard-copy could be
               | done, that's the relatively easy part. But there's a lot
               | of stuff which is inherently IT these days, gene
               | sequencing, CT scans, etc., there's a lot that computers
               | add which humans can't do ourselves -- even video
               | consultation (let alone remote surgery) with experts from
               | a different hospital, which does involve a human, that
               | human can't be everywhere at once:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telehealth
               | 
               | > Nothing critical / life-or-death / personal injury
               | should rely on Windows / IT systems.
               | 
               | If you think that's bad, you may want to ensure you're
               | seated before reading this about the UK nuclear
               | deterrent:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine_Command_System
        
             | pjc50 wrote:
             | When has a software company successfully been sued (or
             | settled) over this liability?
        
           | citrin_ru wrote:
           | Yes, software industry as we know would not exists if
           | companies where held liable for all damages. But in the
           | current state of affairs they have little incentive to
           | improve software quality - when incident like this happens
           | they can suffer an insignificant short term valuation loss
           | but unless it happens too often they can continue businesses
           | as usual.
           | 
           | Many companies paying lip service to quality/reliability but
           | internal incentives almost always go against maintenance and
           | quality of service work (and instead reward new projects,
           | features e. t. c.).
        
             | josephg wrote:
             | > Yes, software industry as we know would not exists if
             | companies where held liable for all damages.
             | 
             | Of course it would. Restaurants are held liable for food
             | poisoning, but they still operate just fine. They just -
             | y'know - take care that they don't poison their customers.
             | 
             | If computer systems were held liable, software would be a
             | lot more expensive. There would be less of it. And it would
             | also be _better_.
             | 
             | I think I can get behind that future.
        
               | butlike wrote:
               | I like that future too, but to play devil's advocate:
               | 
               | Write me software that coordinates all flights to and
               | from airports, capturing all edge-cases, that's bug free.
               | Then tell me the number you estimate and the number of
               | years to roll this out.
        
               | josephg wrote:
               | Sure, but ... thats not a spec. Specs have clear goals
               | and limited scope. "All flights from all airports
               | forever" is impossible to program, full stop.
               | 
               | The right way to write code like that is to start simple
               | and small - we're going to service airports X, Y and Z.
               | Those airports handle Q planes per day. The software will
               | be used by (this user group) and have (some set of
               | responsibilities). The software engineers will work with
               | the teams on the ground during and after deployment to
               | make sure the software is fit for purpose. Someone will
               | sign off on using it and trusting its decisions. And lets
               | also do a risk assessment where we lay out all the ways
               | defects in the software could cost money and lives, so we
               | can figure out how risk averse we need to be.
               | 
               | Give me scope like that, and sure - I'll put a team
               | together to write that code. It'll be expensive, but not
               | impossible. And once its working well, I'd happily roll
               | it out to more airports in a controlled and predictable
               | manner.
        
           | 0x1ceb00da wrote:
           | From windows tos:
           | 
           | Disclaimer. Neither Microsoft, nor the device manufacturer or
           | installer, gives any other express warranties, guarantees, or
           | conditions. Microsoft and the devicemanufacturer and
           | installerexclude all implied warranties and conditions,
           | including those of merchantability, fitness for a particular
           | purpose, and non-infringement. If your local law does not
           | allow the exclusion of implied warranties, then any implied
           | warranties, guarantees, or conditions last only during the
           | term of the limited warranty and are limited as much as your
           | local law allows. If your local law requires a longer limited
           | warranty term, despite this agreement, then that longer term
           | will apply, but you can recover only the remedies this
           | agreement allows.
        
             | moffkalast wrote:
             | "We give you no guarantees, unless the local law says we
             | have to give them to you, in which case we do."
             | 
             | So they might get sued on a local level?
        
         | DaoVeles wrote:
         | Hypothetically even if they were liable they would bankrupt
         | before even a few percent of damages is recovered. You cannot
         | pluck a bald chicken.
        
           | InsideOutSanta wrote:
           | >they would bankrupt before even a few percent of damages is
           | recovered
           | 
           | Wouldn't that be the desirable outcome, though? Given the
           | amount of damage they have caused, they should cease to
           | exist.
        
             | roca wrote:
             | Sort of. They need to be sued into bankruptcy. Current
             | shareholders get completely zeroed out; the company still
             | exists, but is sold to the highest bidder with the proceeds
             | paid out to affected customers.
             | 
             | We need this so that every company board is always asking
             | "are we investing enough to make sure this never happens to
             | us?"
        
             | hyperman1 wrote:
             | A local rooflayer is absolutely corrupt. He cheats every
             | customer, produces leaky roofs, doesn't even pay taxes
             | completely.
             | 
             | It takes 2 year for the legal system to catch up, at which
             | point he starts a new company, bankrupts the old one, sells
             | all his tools cheaply to the new company, and fires and
             | rehires his workers. I've seen this game going on for 14
             | years now.
             | 
             | I think Crowdstrike would do the same: Start a new one,
             | sell the software, fire and rehire the workers, then go on
             | as if nothing happened
        
               | nyarlathotep_ wrote:
               | I'd call BS on this story, but I know a friend that
               | bought a home a few years back from a homebuilder that
               | did a similar thing, except at a whole home level.
               | Absolute disaster. he's been chasing him for half a
               | decade now via legal means to get things fixed.
        
             | WJW wrote:
             | Not really though. Whether they should continue to exist
             | into the future should depend on if the expected positive
             | value of their services in that future exceeds the expected
             | damage from having a big meltdown every once in a while.
             | That some of their devs made a fuckup doesn't mean the
             | entire product line is now without merit.
             | 
             | Killing the company because they made a mistake doesn't
             | just throw away a ton of learned lessons (because the devs
             | will probably be scattered around the industry where their
             | newly acquired domain knowledge will be less valuable) but
             | also forces a _lot_ of companies to spend resources
             | changing their antivirus scanners. For all we know,
             | Crowdstrike might never fuck up again after this and
             | forcing that change would burn hundreds of millions for
             | basically no reason.
        
               | InsideOutSanta wrote:
               | "Whether they should continue to exist into the future
               | should depend on if the expected positive value of their
               | services in that future exceeds the expected damage from
               | having a big meltdown every once in a while"
               | 
               | I don't think that's right, since it ignores
               | externalities.
               | 
               | You want to create a system where every company is
               | incentivized to make positive security decisions. If your
               | response to a fuckup of unprecedented scale is just "they
               | learned their lesson, they probably won't do that again",
               | then the message these companies receive is that it is
               | okay to neglect proper security procedures, because you
               | get one global economic meltdown for free.
        
           | llm_trw wrote:
           | This is where public executions of executives help.
        
             | lifeisstillgood wrote:
             | But the Ticketmaster software would buckle under the strain
             | :-)
        
           | interludead wrote:
           | Financial liability often doesn't equate to actual recovery
           | of damages
        
           | jmarbert wrote:
           | >You cannot pluck a bald chicken.
           | 
           | Haven't heard that one before but I love everything about
           | that!
        
         | maeil wrote:
         | Financial losses? The comment you're replying to is mentioning
         | heart attack treatment here. We're talking about deaths. Most
         | of us won't like to hear this but for all of us who work at
         | SaaS that is deployed on servers around the worlds, our bugs
         | cause people to die. It's a given that at least a dozen people
         | will die directly (medical flights, hospitals both being hit)
         | due to this broken update, let alone indirectly.
        
           | frereubu wrote:
           | I don't think the parent comment was ignoring that. The
           | penalty for a company who does this can't be to bring someone
           | back from the dead, it's likely to be financial, which is the
           | aspect they're talking about.
        
             | covercash wrote:
             | If this was a Japanese company, the entire c-suite would
             | have committed seppuku by now.
        
           | bugbuddy wrote:
           | We must demand both financial and criminal liabilities
           | against the perpetrators! Get the torches and pitchforks out!
           | We need to teach them a lesson!
        
             | maeil wrote:
             | I did not mean to imply this, as there's a very long
             | culpability chain. For this reason, I'm not sure if it
             | makes any sense to imprison individuals for this. A lot of
             | people playing a part in this causing such chaos.
             | 
             | But it is something to be very aware of for those of us who
             | develop software run in e.g. hospitals and airlines, and
             | should receive more attention, instead of only bringing up
             | financial losses which is what usually happens. I noticed
             | the same with the big ransomware attacks.
        
             | pjmlp wrote:
             | Indeed, pity that we need major failures like these, for
             | goverments to finally start paying attention to give the
             | same kind of laws as anything else, instead of careless
             | EULAs and updates without field testing.
        
               | consteval wrote:
               | It's very bizarre to me how normalized we have made
               | kernel-level software in critical systems. This software
               | is inherently risky but companies throw it around like
               | it's nothing. And cherry on top, we let it auto-update
               | too. I'm surprised critical failures like this don't
               | happen more often.
        
             | InsideOutSanta wrote:
             | I can't tell if you're serious or sarcastic, but there is
             | such a thing as criminal negligence.
             | 
             | CrowdStrike knows that their software runs on computers
             | that are in fricken hospitals and airports, they know that
             | a mistake can potentially cause a human death. They also
             | know how to properly test software, and they know how to do
             | staggered releases.
             | 
             | Given what we know now, it seems pretty likely that to any
             | reasonable person, the amount of risk they took when
             | deploying changes to clients was in no way reasonable.
             | People absolutely should go to jail for this.
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | Also corporate manslaughter, in some countries:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporate_manslaughter
               | 
               | This more or less originated with the unfortunately named
               | MS Herald of Free Enterprise sinking (https://en.wikipedi
               | a.org/wiki/MS_Herald_of_Free_Enterprise) - after that
               | incident, regulators decided that maybe they didn't want
               | enterprise quite as free as all that, and cracked down
               | significantly on shipping operators (though the attempt
               | to prosecute its execs for corporate manslaughter did
               | fail).
        
           | immibis wrote:
           | Since we live in a capitalism, financial losses are the only
           | one anyone cares about at scale. What's a human life worth
           | nowadays? About 10 million for a healthy prime age adult?
           | Negative for elderly?
        
             | alexisread wrote:
             | I think it depends what passport etc. you hold... One
             | dystopian take is the trolley problem, where the self-
             | driving car in question uses smartphones to determine the
             | identity of the people involved, to work out who is cheaper
             | to kill.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | That reminds me of why McDonalds got such a high penalty
               | in the court case everyone remembers as "person sues for
               | spilling hot coffee on themselves".
               | 
               | The reason this reminds me of that, assuming that I
               | remember right, is that I think they had even taken the
               | decision that the cost of paying lawsuits for those
               | injuries was lower than the increase in revenue for being
               | able to say "we have the hottest coffee"... and that was
               | why they were deemed so severely liable.
               | 
               | They were definitely shown to have known it was resulting
               | in injuries from other settlements:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liebeck_v._McDonald%27s_Res
               | tau...
        
             | gpvos wrote:
             | Not true. Making C-level executives of software companies
             | criminally liable with the chance to go to jail did change
             | their behaviour in some recent lawmaking situation (forgot
             | which, sorry).
        
           | HenryBemis wrote:
           | I made a separate (longer) comment about this..
           | 
           | Why don't orgs test their updates? Every decent IT
           | management/governance under the sun demands that you test
           | your updates. How the hell did so many orgs that are ISO
           | 2700x, COBIT, PCI-DSS, NIST CSF, etc. certified failed so
           | hard??
           | 
           | (ToS/contracts will probably get you out of any damages.)
        
             | inkyoto wrote:
             | > Why don't orgs test their updates?
             | 
             | Because historically orgs have been really bad with
             | applying updates: either no updates or delayed updates
             | resulting in botnets taking over unpatched PC's.
             | Microsoft's solution was to force the updates
             | unconditionally upon everybody with very few opportunities
             | to opt out (for large enterprise customers only).
             | 
             | Another complication comes from the fact that operating
             | system updates are not essential for running a business and
             | especially for small businesses - as long as the main
             | business app runs, the business runs. And most businesses
             | are too far removed from IT to even know what a update is
             | and why it is important. Hence the dilemma of fully
             | automated vs manually applied and tested updates.
        
               | vetinari wrote:
               | > Microsoft's solution was to force the updates
               | unconditionally upon everybody with very few
               | opportunities to opt out (for large enterprise customers
               | only).
               | 
               | Not a Microsoft's fan, but this is not true. Everyone who
               | has Windows Server somewhere, with some spare disk space
               | for the updates, has this ability. Just install and run
               | WSUS (included in Windows Server) and you can
               | accept/reject/hold indefinitely any update you want.
        
               | inkyoto wrote:
               | Not disagreeing, however:
               | 
               | 1) the prevailing majority of laptop and desktop PC
               | installations (home, business and enterprise) are not
               | Windows Server;
               | 
               | 2) kiosk style installs (POS terminals, airport check-in
               | stands etc) are fully managed, unsupervised installations
               | (the ones that ground to a complete halt today) and do
               | not offer any sort of user interaction by design;
               | 
               | 3) most Windows Server installations are also
               | unsupervised.
        
               | vetinari wrote:
               | > 1) the prevailing majority of laptop and desktop PC
               | installations (home, business and enterprise) are not
               | Windows Server;
               | 
               | They are not, but the point is elsewhere: that Windows
               | Server is going to provide the WSUS service to your
               | network, so your laptop and desktop installations (in
               | business and enterprise) are going to be handled by this.
               | 
               | Homes, on the other hand, do not have any Windows Server
               | on their network, that's true.
               | 
               | As a hack to disable Windows updates, it is possible to
               | point it to a non-existing WSUS server (so that can be
               | done at home too). The client will then never receive any
               | approval to update. It won't receive any info wrt
               | available updates either.
               | 
               | > 2) kiosk style installs (POS terminals, airport check-
               | in stands etc) are fully managed, unsupervised
               | installations (the ones that ground to a complete halt
               | today) and do not offer any sort of user interaction by
               | design;
               | 
               | That's fine; this is fully-configurable via GPO.
               | 
               | > 3) most Windows Server installations are also
               | unsupervised.
               | 
               | See 2.
        
             | acdha wrote:
             | Testing for most organizations is usually either really,
             | incredibly expensive or an ineffective formality which
             | leaves them at more risk than it saves. If you aren't going
             | to do a full run through all of your applications, it's
             | probably not doing much and very few places are going to
             | invest the engineer time it takes to automate that.
             | 
             | What I take from this is that vendors need a LOT more
             | investment in that work. They have both the money and are
             | best positioned to do that testing since the incentives are
             | aligned better for them than anyone else.
             | 
             | I'm also reminded of all of the nerd-rage over the years
             | about Apple locking down kernel interfaces, or restricting
             | FDE to their implementation, but it seems like anyone who
             | wants to play at the system level needs a well-audited
             | commitment to that level of rigorous testing. If the rumors
             | of Crowdstrike blowing through their staging process are
             | true, for example, that needs to be treated as seriously as
             | browsers would treat a CA for failing to validate signing
             | requests or storing the root keys on some developer's
             | workstation.
        
             | markus_zhang wrote:
             | IMHO law should require such a firm, or any firm that may
             | impact millions of other people, i.e. including all OS
             | developers and many others, to maintain a certified Q/A
             | process, maintain a 24/7 coverage and spend X% on Q/A. Such
             | companies should never be allowed to deploy without going
             | through a stringent CD procedure with tests and such, and
             | they need to renew the certificate annually.
             | 
             | These are infra companies. Their incompetence can literally
             | kill people.
        
               | jen20 wrote:
               | What you described is not a "CD" procedure. Lack of
               | precision around such terms is part of the problem here.
        
               | markus_zhang wrote:
               | I thought that is a deployment issue? Or maybe a QA one
               | because looks like no QA has been performed...
        
               | HenryBemis wrote:
               | My point/problem is that EVERY company (sorry for the
               | caps) that is ISO, PCI, COBIT, NIST CSF, etc. compliant
               | MUST be doing this!! (again sorry for the caps)
               | 
               | So they drop half the 'safety' procedures once the
               | auditor goes away? WTF! (I am semi-angry because there
               | are so many easy solutions and workarounds to not fall
               | for this!! (inside screaming).
               | 
               | How irresponsible must someone be to roll out something
               | to 1k-5k-10k machines without testing it first??
               | 
               | Hubris-Atis-Nemesis-Tisis!!!!
               | 
               | https://www.greecehighdefinition.com/blog/hubris-atis-
               | nemesi...
        
               | markus_zhang wrote:
               | I hope eventually law regards these companies as
               | "infrastructure" companies, just like companies that
               | build roads, bridges and such, that may and will kill
               | people if not run professionally.
               | 
               | I'm not trying to enforce certifications because as a dev
               | certifications always raise a bitter taste in my mouth.
               | But those companies need certified processes that get re-
               | certified every year. Sometimes even a cursory review
               | from outsiders can find a lot of issues.
        
             | ziml77 wrote:
             | Updates do get tested. Windows updates can be held and
             | selectively rolled out when a company is ready. As far as I
             | can tell though, CrowdStrike doesn't give companies the
             | agency to decide if updates should be applied or not.
        
               | hanniabu wrote:
               | The updates should be rolled out incrementally rather
               | than all at once
        
           | LinXitoW wrote:
           | If companies want the nice parts of being "a person", they
           | should also deal with the bad parts of being a person.
           | Financial fines are not enough. Though I'm not sure how we'd
           | build a jail cell for an entire company.
        
             | RobotToaster wrote:
             | The death penalty could be an option? Dissolve the company,
             | seize their assets, bar anyone involved from ever running
             | or owning a company again.
        
               | bryant wrote:
               | Should be, but I don't know that that's appropriate for
               | involuntary manslaughter.
               | 
               | Do it to Boeing, sure.
        
             | luizcdc wrote:
             | Fines are not enough because a large enough fine will kill
             | a company, destroying lots of jobs and supply chains.
             | 
             | Why not dilute the shareholder pool by a serious amount?
             | There's no need for a statization to formally happen, the
             | government can sell the shares back over time without
             | actually exercising control.
             | 
             | Also fire execs and ban them from holding office on
             | publicly traded companies for the foreseeable future.
             | 
             | Seizing shares doesn't impact the cash flow of the company
             | directly, thus shouldn't cause job losses, but shareholders
             | (who should put pressure on executives and the board to act
             | with prudence to avoid these kinds of disasters) are
             | adequately punished.
        
               | Izkata wrote:
               | > Fines are not enough because a large enough fine will
               | kill a company, destroying lots of jobs and supply
               | chains.
               | 
               | That could be amazing: "Ooopsie, in punishing Crowdstrike
               | they've ended up folding and now there's a second global
               | outage."
        
               | __egb__ wrote:
               | > but shareholders (who should put pressure on executives
               | and the board to act with prudence to avoid these kinds
               | of disasters) are adequately punished.
               | 
               | So if I own some Vanguard mutual fund as part of a
               | retirement account, it's now on me to put pressure on
               | 500+ corporations?
               | 
               | Perhaps it's on Vanguard to do so...but Vanguard isn't
               | going to just eat the cost of increased due diligence
               | requirements. My fees will increase.
               | 
               | How does that increased due diligence even work? It's not
               | like I or Vanguard can see internal processes to verify
               | that a company has adequate testing or backups or
               | training to prevent cases like today's failure.
               | 
               | When, on average, X number of those 500 companies in my
               | mutual fund face this share seizure penalty per year...am
               | I just supposed to eat the loss when those shares
               | disappear? Does Vanguard start insuring against such
               | losses? Who pays for that insurance in the end?
               | 
               | This doesn't even really hurt the shareholders who are
               | best placed to possibly pressure a company. This doesn't
               | hurt "billionaire executive who owns 40% of the
               | outstanding shares". I mean, sure, it will hurt that
               | little part of their brain that keeps track of their
               | monetary worth and just wants to see "huge number get
               | huger"...but it doesn't actually hurt them. It just hurts
               | regular folks, as usual.
        
               | notabee wrote:
               | Just perhaps the idea of sticking everyone's retirement
               | funds into massive passive vehicles was a bad one and has
               | an unhealthy effect on the market, as you illustrate
               | here. It is the way of things now so I see your point and
               | it would be harmful to people, but getting in this
               | situation has seemingly removed what could be a natural
               | lever of consequence. We can't really hold companies
               | accountable lest all the "regular folks" that can't
               | actively supervise what they're investing in become
               | collateral damage.
        
               | Maxatar wrote:
               | If you own a mutual fund, then you do not own shares of
               | the 500 companies, rather you own shares of the mutual
               | fund itself.
               | 
               | Consequently you don't put pressure on the 500 companies,
               | you put pressure on the mutual fund and the mutual fund
               | in turn puts pressure on the companies it invests in and
               | exercises additional discretion in which companies it
               | invests in.
               | 
               | >Perhaps it's on Vanguard to do so...but Vanguard isn't
               | going to just eat the cost of increased due diligence
               | requirements.
               | 
               | Yes they do, because mutual funds do compete with one
               | another and a mutual fund that does the due diligence to
               | avoid investing in companies that are held liable for
               | these kinds of incidents will outperform the mutual funds
               | that don't do this kind of due diligence.
               | 
               | > It's not like I or Vanguard can see internal processes
               | to verify that a company has adequate testing or backups
               | or training to prevent cases like today's failure.
               | 
               | I don't know specifically about Vanguard, but mutual
               | funds in general do employ the services of firms like
               | PwC, Deloitte, and KPMG to perform technical due
               | diligence that assesses the target company's technology,
               | product quality, development processes, and compliance
               | with industry standards. VC firms like Sequoia Capital
               | and Andressen Horowitz do their own technical due
               | diligence.
        
               | remram wrote:
               | Other stocks will go up as a result. It's not like money
               | is ever destroyed.
        
             | LikesPwsh wrote:
             | You'd seize the company from its current shareholders.
             | 
             | That gives shareholders of other companies good reason to
             | care going forward.
        
             | btbuildem wrote:
             | Hold the board of directors and the C-suite personally,
             | corporally accountable -- immediate changes for the better
             | will follow.
        
             | visarga wrote:
             | > Though I'm not sure how we'd build a jail cell for an
             | entire company.
             | 
             | Same thing with AI. You can't punish an AI, it has no body.
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | At least with AI you could do something like, destroy all
               | copies including backups, destroy all training data and
               | other code used to generate it. Which to me actually
               | doesn't seem unreasonable punishment.
        
         | kaliqt wrote:
         | Yes, SLA. No one gets held liable if the legal is done
         | correctly and there were no guarantees, but on cloud there is
         | 100% SLA so they will pay out.
        
         | Keyframe wrote:
         | How about people in charge of choosing these clown solutions -
         | both crowdstrike and windows?
        
           | swarnie wrote:
           | In your world i should switch my modest 1000 seats over to
           | Linux desktops?
           | 
           | I'm not sure how i'm going to explain the productivity loss
           | and retraining costs to the board if im honest.
        
             | jeroenhd wrote:
             | Plus, CrowdStrike runs on Linux as well. _This time_ they
             | only crashed Windows devices, but there's no guarantee that
             | switching to Linux would prevent any of it.
             | 
             | You can switch away from CrowdStrike but I doubt you'll be
             | able to convince whoever mandated CS to be installed to not
             | install an alternative that carries exactly the same risks.
        
               | whyoh wrote:
               | >CrowdStrike runs on Linux as well. _This time_ they only
               | crashed Windows devices, but there's no guarantee that
               | switching to Linux would prevent any of it.
               | 
               | In fact there was a recent CrowdStrike-related crash in
               | RHEL:
               | 
               | https://old.reddit.com/r/crowdstrike/comments/1cluxzz/cro
               | wds...
               | 
               | https://access.redhat.com/solutions/7068083
        
               | ExoticPearTree wrote:
               | At least on Linux it runs on eBPF sniffing so the chances
               | of fudging something are lower. There are some supported
               | Linux distributions where they also have a kernel module
               | and there might a higher chance of that exploding.
        
             | nolist_policy wrote:
             | No you should switch over to Chromeos, iPads, ... anything
             | but Microsoft.
             | 
             | Crowdstrike only exists because Windows and other Microsoft
             | products are so insecure their default configuration.
        
               | extheat wrote:
               | There's nothing special about Windows beyond the fact
               | that you can run arbitrary executable files. The problem
               | could just as easily have happened for Linux or iOS/Mac
               | and in fact it has. ChromeOS kind of works if you want to
               | run a web application that's hosted on some web server...
               | but it's not appropriate for running programs where a
               | dumb browser doesn't suffice.
        
               | didntcheck wrote:
               | What defaults would those be, and how would you change
               | them?
        
             | Keyframe wrote:
             | Enjoy the circus then!
        
             | throaway920181 wrote:
             | I'm not in IT anymore and we run 100% macs, so serious
             | question here: isn't nearly everything a webapp nowadays?
             | Every "non dev" thing that I have to do for work happens in
             | my browser or an electron app. I guess maybe MS Office apps
             | may be the biggest hitch? We use Google Workspace and
             | that's all in browser.
        
               | ricardobayes wrote:
               | Not at all. "Industry", think: manufacturing is still big
               | on desktop applications.
        
               | 63stack wrote:
               | Shouldn't be too hard to bundle them together with qemu,
               | or some other vm solution.
        
               | windowsrookie wrote:
               | Legacy apps are quite common. I have recently been doing
               | IT for State Farm Insurance.
               | 
               | Every State Farm insurance office in the country is still
               | using a DOS App from the 1980's to run their office.
        
               | Novosell wrote:
               | There are actually web versions of the office suite now.
        
               | aveao wrote:
               | It's horrible to use though. Google's suite is somewhat
               | better than MSFT's web one, but it still is weak compared
               | to any established desktop office suite, even
               | libreoffice.
        
               | Novosell wrote:
               | I've found it alright to be honest. I'd like to use libre
               | office but the incompatibilities with .docx make it too
               | annoying. Finally I can easily work with .docx on Linux,
               | thanks to the web version :)
        
               | aveao wrote:
               | It's only good for viewing and simplistic editing. More
               | complex stuff ends up being unavailable on the web
               | version very often.
        
               | swarnie wrote:
               | None of my enterprise ERP/PLM/CRM systems run on Mac
               | Server OS
        
             | jojobas wrote:
             | Your 1000 seats crashing won't prevent airplanes from
             | landing.
             | 
             | These things should have gone from mainframes of yore to
             | various unix systems, ideally a mix of different unix
             | systems in hot failover.
             | 
             | Without running uncontrolled "agent" software of course.
        
           | high_na_euv wrote:
           | Windows being clown solution? Out of touch with reality is
           | huge here
        
             | throaway920181 wrote:
             | I can't imagine starting a project from ~2010 and on while
             | choosing Windows as the stack.
        
               | extheat wrote:
               | The production simplicity of having a standardized OS and
               | being able to drop in a .exe and have it run everywhere
               | without worrying about building for 1000 system
               | combinations cannot be beat.
        
               | sgarland wrote:
               | Enterprise Linux can fairly consistently be assumed to be
               | RHEL, Ubuntu, or SuSE, with the first two being far more
               | likely in the U.S. That's not that much to ask for.
        
               | jojobas wrote:
               | I see you somehow avoided learning what dll hell is, what
               | various .net runtime incompatible versions are and what
               | optional compatibility levels windows 10 offers.
        
               | jajko wrote:
               | That's... not reality even on desktop PCs, and never was.
               | If your business is more complex than selling hot dogs or
               | ice cream (or even that on big enough scale), IT of such
               | company will become a small monstrosity over time, and
               | complexity of such deployments on Unix vs Windows is
               | nothing compared to overall picture.
        
               | intelVISA wrote:
               | Easily done if you target x86-64 statically
        
             | GONE_KLOUT wrote:
             | Clowns are taking over reality, on many levels. And they
             | will tell you that you are the clown. Welcome to clown
             | world.
        
         | traceroute66 wrote:
         | > Chances if Microsoft or Crowdstrike will be held liable for
         | financial losses caused by this outage?
         | 
         | Zero. Exactly Zero.
         | 
         | Clearly you have never been involved in buying insurance or
         | writing contracts for IT products/services.
         | 
         | Loss of contracts, profits, goodwill, economic loss, loss of
         | data and all that jazz is excluded in whole or limited to a
         | fixed monetary value.
         | 
         | It is known as indirect, consequential or special loss, damage
         | or liability.
         | 
         | No lawyer worth their salt will let an IT product/service
         | company draft a contract that does not have the above type of
         | clause..
         | 
         | And good luck finding an insurance contract that will pay out
         | for such losses, indeed most of them have conditions that state
         | your contracts with customers must exclude or limit such
         | losses.
         | 
         | Most software also has clauses excluding use in safety critical
         | environments.
        
         | kvgr wrote:
         | There will be no Crowdstrike left after this. I am just upset I
         | cant short it...
        
         | odieldomanie wrote:
         | Some people in the comments claim CS was used for compliance
         | reasons. Some others claim Windows & CS do not offer
         | warranties. How can a product satisfy the compliance check-box,
         | if it does not offer the warranty and not accept liability for
         | the related features?
        
           | Closi wrote:
           | While software is often warranted, contracts won't often
           | accept liability in terms of business damages etc, and that's
           | not usually a requirement for compliance.
           | 
           | If it was, it would also make it impractical for a small
           | business to contract with a large one because of risk.
        
         | PretzelPirate wrote:
         | I dont think you can hold Microsoft liable for 3rd party
         | software pushing its own update. Microsoft didn't make anyone
         | install Crowdstrike or it's update files.
        
         | btbuildem wrote:
         | Prison time for the CEO and board of directors would be nice.
         | 
         | Enough of this limited liability nonsense, there need to be
         | serious, severe, life-changing consequences.
        
         | lenerdenator wrote:
         | Depends. I'm at an EMR maker; our Windows machines (as well of
         | those of our clients - read: hospitals and doctors offices) are
         | down. That is, of course, bad for the patients under their
         | care.
         | 
         | Do these clients have SLAs? If so, they're definitely on the
         | hook for something. You could probably get a few businesses
         | together for a decent class-action against Crowdstrike. You're
         | then expecting a lawyer to be able to convince a dozen semi-
         | random people with varying degrees of computer knowledge that
         | Crowdstrike's software was negligently designed, developed, and
         | deployed in a way that caused financial or life losses for
         | customers.
         | 
         | So, really, it's a coin flip.
        
           | nubinetwork wrote:
           | What if your company mandated your customers run crowdstrike
           | in order to run your software? What are the legal
           | implications of that? Wouldn't that also put your contracts
           | on the hook?
        
         | ohwat wrote:
         | Negligence at Crowdstrike is not covered by any SLA. Even if
         | insured, Crowdstrike could be fucked. Let alone, companies
         | going to try and how much cost this has. Long term, their
         | fucked.
        
       | iamkneel wrote:
       | Can't wait for the Kevin Fang video about this.
        
       | techbrovanguard wrote:
       | i've seen photos of the bsod from an affected machine, the error
       | code is `PAGE_FAULT_IN_NONPAGED_AREA`. here's some helpful
       | takeaways from this incident:
       | 
       | 1) mistakes in kernel-level drivers _can_ and _will_ crash the
       | entire os
       | 
       | 2) _do not_ write kernel-level drivers
       | 
       | 3) _do not_ write kernel-level drivers
       | 
       | 4) _do not_ write kernel-level drivers
       | 
       | 5) if you _really_ need a kernel-level driver, _do not_ write it
       | in a memory unsafe language
        
         | dboreham wrote:
         | 0) don't load a new driver into your working kernel.
        
         | YawningAngel wrote:
         | Basically all AV either runs as root or uses a kernel driver. I
         | guess the former is preferable
        
         | happyweasel wrote:
         | 5) Well how much of those kernel-level drivers we rely upon ARE
         | written in a memory unsafe language ??? Like 99% ?
         | 
         | And we are not crashing and dying every day?
         | 
         | Sure, Rust is the way to go. it just took Rust 18 years to
         | mature to that level.
         | 
         | Also, quite frankly, if your unwrap() makes your program
         | terminate because an array out of bounds isn't that exactly the
         | same thing ? (program terminates)
         | 
         | But IMHO if we are hopping along a minefield at this moment
         | every second of every day, well... If this is the worst case
         | scenario, yeah it's not that worse after all.
        
           | techbrovanguard wrote:
           | > Well how much of those kernel-level drivers we rely upon
           | ARE written in a memory unsafe language ??? Like 99% ? And we
           | are not crashing and dying every day?
           | 
           | we shouldn't discount the consequences of memory safety
           | vulnerabilities just because flights haven't physically been
           | grounded.
           | 
           | > Also, quite frankly, if your unwrap() makes your program
           | terminate because an array out of bounds isn't that exactly
           | the same thing ? (program terminates)
           | 
           | this is a strawman, if you were writing a kernel-level driver
           | in rust you'd configure the linter to deny code which can
           | cause panics.
           | 
           | here's a subset:
           | 
           | - https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-
           | clippy/master/index.html#/u...
           | 
           | - https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-
           | clippy/master/index.html#in...
        
         | maeil wrote:
         | I've said this elsewhere but the enabling of instant auto-
         | updates on software relied on by a mission critical system is a
         | much bigger problem than kernel drivers.
         | 
         | Just imagine that there's a proprietary firewall that everyone
         | uses on their production servers. No kernel-level drivers
         | necessary. A broken update causes the firewall to blindly
         | reject any kind of incoming or outgoing request.
         | 
         | Easier to rollback because the system didn't break? Not really,
         | you can't even get into the system anymore without physical
         | access. The chaos would be just as bad.
         | 
         | A firewall is an easy example, but it can be any kind of
         | application. A broken update can effectively bring the system
         | down.
        
           | nomercy400 wrote:
           | There sure are a lot of mission-critical systems and
           | companies hit by this. I am surprised that auto-updates are
           | enabled. I read about some large companies/services in my
           | country being affected, but also a few which are unaffected.
           | Maybe they have hired a good IT provider.
        
             | maeil wrote:
             | I'm not surprised, seeing how this madness has even
             | infected OSS/Linux.
             | 
             | https://github.com/canonical/microk8s/issues/1022
             | 
             | A k8s variety. By Canonical. Screams production, no one is
             | using this for their gaming PC. Comes with.. auto-updates
             | enabled through snap.
             | 
             | Yup, that once broke prod at a company I worked at.
             | 
             | Should our DevOps guy have prevented this? I guess so,
             | though I don't blame him. It was a tiny company and he did
             | a good job given his salary, much better than similar
             | companies here. The blame goes to Canonical - if you make
             | this the default it better come with a giant, unskippable
             | warning sign during setup and on boot.
        
               | rng_civ wrote:
               | Snap auto update pissed me off so much I started Nix-
               | ifyng my entire workflow.
               | 
               | Declarative, immutable configurations for the win...
        
           | gukov wrote:
           | One thing to consider with security software, though, is that
           | time is of essence when it comes to getting protection again
           | 0day vulnerabilities.
           | 
           | Gotta think that the pendulum might swing into the other
           | direction now and enterprises will value gradual, canary
           | deployments over instant 100% coverage.
        
         | AndriyKunitsyn wrote:
         | Not a helpful takeaway, I've yet to see a Java kernel driver.
        
           | techbrovanguard wrote:
           | be the change you wish to see
        
           | saagarjha wrote:
           | Nobody is telling you to use Java. Although, if you want to
           | revive Singularity that would be pretty neat.
        
             | AndriyKunitsyn wrote:
             | And I never said that anyone is telling me to use Java. It
             | was an example.
             | 
             | Because of the nature of AV software, its code would be
             | drowning in "unsafe" memory accesses no matter the language
             | we chose. This is AV, it's always trying to read the memory
             | that is not AV's, from its very design.
             | 
             | This is a story about bad software management processes,
             | not programming languages.
        
               | Retr0id wrote:
               | Reading memory from another process can be done through
               | memory-safe APIs.
               | 
               | To give an example from the linux userspace world:
               | https://docs.rust-embedded.org/rust-sysfs-
               | gpio/nix/sys/uio/f...
        
         | rfoo wrote:
         | Memory safe language does not prevent crash.
         | 
         | In case of potential UB (and then memory corruption), you get a
         | guaranteed crash.
         | 
         | Wait, crash? :wink:
        
           | techbrovanguard wrote:
           | did you have a crowdstroke while writing this reply?
        
         | bdd8f1df777b wrote:
         | The problem is that some viruses may run in the kernel mode, so
         | an AV has to do the same, or it will be powerless against such
         | viruses.
        
           | skydhash wrote:
           | If a virus got that far, you're already in trouble. What
           | stops them from attacking the anti-virus?
        
             | bdd8f1df777b wrote:
             | If you think AV cannot stop viruses in the same privilege
             | level, then that is more reason for AV to run in the kernel
             | mode. Because by your logic, an AV in user mode cannot stop
             | a virus in user mode.
        
         | thwarted wrote:
         | I'm not a Windows programmer so the exact meaning of
         | PAGE_FAULT_IN_NONPAGED_AREA is not clear to me. I am familiar
         | with UNIX style terminology here.
         | 
         | Is this just a regular "dereferencing a bad pointer", what
         | would be a "segmentation violation" (SEGV) on UNIX, a pointer
         | that falls outside the mapped virtual address space?
         | 
         | As this is in ring 0 and potentially has direct access to raw,
         | non-virtual physical addressing, is there a distinction between
         | "paged memory" (virtual address space) and "nonpaged memory"
         | (physical address) with this error?
         | 
         | Is it possible to have a page fault failure in a paged area
         | (PAGE_FAULT_IN_PAGED_AREA?), or would that be non-fatal and
         | would be like "minor page fault" (writing to a shared page,
         | COW) or "major page fault" (having to hit disk/swap to bring
         | the page into physical memory)?
         | 
         | Are there other PAGE_FAULT_ errors on Windows?
         | 
         | Searching for this is difficult, as all the results are for
         | random spammy user-centric tech sites with "how do I solve
         | PAGE_FAULT_IN_PAGED_AREA blue screen?" content, not for a
         | programmer audience.
        
           | matltc wrote:
           | https://wiki.osdev.org/Exceptions#Page_Fault
        
           | jasomill wrote:
           | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-
           | hardware/drivers/d...
        
         | 7373737373 wrote:
         | an audio driver once blue screen of death'd my windows whenever
         | i started Discord.
         | 
         | i'm surprised i'm not hearing a stronger call for microkernels
         | yet
        
         | rustcleaner wrote:
         | >5) if you really need a kernel-level driver, do not write it
         | in a memory unsafe language
         | 
         | I C what you're doing... >_>
        
           | techbrovanguard wrote:
           | pointing out the obvious? why are you upset i'm stating
           | mixing hot oil and water will make a mess?
        
         | p_l wrote:
         | Rust's memory safety does not prevent category errors like
         | using nonpaged memory for things supposed to be paged and vice
         | versa
        
           | techbrovanguard wrote:
           | this all-or-nothing mindset is is reductive and defeatist--
           | harm reduction is valuable. sure, rust won't magically make
           | your kernel driver bug free, but _will_ reduce the surface
           | area for bugs, which will likely make it more stable.
        
             | p_l wrote:
             | Yes, I fully agree.
             | 
             | Unfortunately, we have decades of first Haskell pseudo-
             | fans, a sidequest of generic "static typing (don't look at
             | how weak the type system is)" pseudo-fans, and now Rust
             | afficionados that do act like it's all-or-nothing and types
             | will magically fix things including category and logic
             | errors.
             | 
             | At some point tiredness and reactivity steeps in.
        
         | thih9 wrote:
         | Other takeaways:
         | 
         | - do not put critical infrastructure online
         | 
         | - do not push updates that work around the update schedule
         | 
         | - do not push such updates to all machines at once
         | 
         | - do not skip testing and QA, relevant to the number and kind
         | of the machines affected
         | 
         | Even one of these would have massively improved the situation,
         | even with a kernel-level driver written in an unsafe language.
        
       | radiator wrote:
       | So Crowdstrike protects your computers from cyber attacks. But
       | who is going to protect you from Crowdstrike?
        
         | rochak wrote:
         | Not Microsoft, that's for sure
        
         | _Tomas wrote:
         | I dunno, Coast Guard?
        
           | dimgl wrote:
           | Underrated joke, thanks
        
       | choeger wrote:
       | It's eye-opening how bad our crucial IT infra is nowadays.
       | Running in-kernel third-party tools (AV) on critical
       | infrastructure on Windows? Central banks? Control towers?
       | Seriously? We should fire _everyone_ involved and start IT from
       | scratch. This level of negligence cannot be fixed.
        
         | attentive wrote:
         | I am most annoyed by built-in RCE. Who thought that to be a
         | good idea?
        
       | ryandv wrote:
       | Absolutely shameful display of how the cure can be worse than the
       | disease. It's nonsense snake oil and security theater such as
       | this that throws the cyber"security" industry into disrepute. One
       | may as well have just installed McAfee Anti Virus.
        
         | stefan_ wrote:
         | This has been the story of the antivirus "industry" all along.
         | They simultaneously seem to employ actual bona-fide security
         | researchers while also making sure none of their software
         | products are ever touched by people you could even refer to as
         | "developers". I can't even imagine the noise at Microsoft from
         | all the crash reports solely caused by antivirus software
         | written by utter clowns injecting into other programs and, as
         | here, into the kernel.
         | 
         | Previous: https://infosec.exchange/@wdormann/112530285189478825
         | 
         | Previous: https://thehackernews.com/2022/05/chinese-hackers-
         | caught-exp...
         | 
         | Previous: https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/news/press-
         | releases/2024/02/...
         | 
         | Previous: https://www.fortiguard.com/psirt/FG-IR-24-015
         | 
         | ...
        
           | ryandv wrote:
           | "We're only backdooring your machines for your own good! We
           | are the good guy experts, we promise."
        
         | aa-jv wrote:
         | >snake oil
         | 
         | So much software - especially in the 'operating system' sphere
         | of things - _really is just snake oil_.
         | 
         | Its just, very functional oil, in many cases - and highly toxic
         | and slippery in many, many other cases.
         | 
         | >cyber "security" industry
         | 
         | Yes, I agree this is a market of smoke and mirrors, lies and
         | propaganda.
         | 
         | The reason is, operating systems are broken. Pretty much all of
         | them. Only, some of them work well enough to get a lot of work
         | done, most of the time. Of the 99.9995% of the time it works,
         | its great.
         | 
         | But, here's a thing I feel needs broader attention and
         | discussion - It is my firm opinion that "Operating Systems
         | Vendors" are a very poor, ragged class of professionals these
         | days.
         | 
         | The decisions made at Microsoft - and other OS vendor
         | corporations - have really lost the plot.
         | 
         | I can prove this by asking the golden question among the
         | general public, and categorically get a standard response:
         | "does this feature benefit the user, or does it benefit an
         | advertiser?"
         | 
         | "No, this all seems to be some sort of setup. Windows doesn't
         | feel like its for us, any more."
         | 
         | I mean, how many 3rd-party vendors do I need, secretly
         | installing crippling 'updates' in my production systems, before
         | I realize that there _is no security_ , so _write better
         | software_ that doesn 't need all this _utter junk_.
         | 
         | I mean this sincerely, operating systems vendors are treasonous
         | to the user if 3rd parties are of more relevance to production
         | runtime, _than the thing the user very definitely needs to be
         | operating_.
         | 
         | The cloud is for backups, encrypted. It is _made of snake oil_.
         | 
         | Always run your own machines.
        
       | cromka wrote:
       | This is a sample of what Y2K would look like if not for the
       | countermeasures.
        
         | mrinfinitiesx wrote:
         | Actually really scary to see/read the comments on. Like Die
         | Hard's 'Fire Sail"
        
           | qeternity wrote:
           | *sale
        
       | Eji1700 wrote:
       | Welp this fucked my night. A toast to the rest of you who are
       | waaaaaay more screwed than me
        
       | gloosx wrote:
       | Thanks god all the critical infrastructure in my country is still
       | on MS DOS!
        
         | LeoPanthera wrote:
         | That school running their HVAC infra on an Amiga must be pretty
         | happy.
        
         | jaza wrote:
         | Hahaha, you mean all the CRITIC~1.INF ?
        
           | hulitu wrote:
           | > Hahaha, you mean all the CRITIC~1.INF ?
           | 
           | Kids those days. It shall be CRITIC~1.COM
        
       | woodylondon wrote:
       | CyberStrike offers a temporary solution for crashed systems
       | Cyberstike has given users a potential way to fix their systems.
       | 
       | Boot Windows into Safe Mode or the Windows Recovery Environment
       | (you can do that by holding down the F8 key before the Windows
       | logo flashes on screen) Navigate to the
       | C:WindowsSystem32driversCrowdstrike directory Locate the file
       | matching "C-00000291 _.sys" file, right click and rename it to
       | "C-00000291_.renamed" Boot the host normally.
        
         | oldmanyells68 wrote:
         | Great. now I'll do this 10,000 times.
        
           | 0x1ceb00da wrote:
           | Practice makes a man perfect.
        
         | rosege wrote:
         | fun doing that on thousands of machines
        
           | steve1977 wrote:
           | It's easy, the users can do it themselves. Just send them an
           | e-mail with the inst... oh wait...
        
             | junto wrote:
             | One of the downsides of WFH. How do you contact your IT
             | support via Microsoft Teams when you don't have your laptop
             | or Microsoft Teams.
        
               | steve1977 wrote:
               | Yup. Well in our case (and we are thankfully not
               | affected), they could call IT support. But then again, if
               | IT support themselves cannot boot their PCs...
        
         | moxli wrote:
         | Source for me was a reddit comment:
         | https://www.reddit.com/r/crowdstrike/comments/1e6vmkf/commen...
        
       | nickdothutton wrote:
       | The only surprising thing is that this doesn't happen every
       | month. Nobody understands their runtime environment. Most IT
       | org's long ago "surrendered" control and understanding of it, and
       | now even the "management" of it (I use the term loosely) is
       | outsourced.
        
         | ssss11 wrote:
         | "Cloud" is so great huh
        
           | nickdothutton wrote:
           | "I'm going to install an agent from Company X, on this
           | machine, which it is essential that they update regularly,
           | and which has the potential to both increase your attack
           | surface and prevent not just normal booting but also
           | successful operation of the OS kernel too". I am not going to
           | provide you with a site specific test suite, you're going to
           | just have to trust me that it wont interrupt your particular
           | machine".
        
             | yard2010 wrote:
             | "And ofc, you pay me a shitload of money for this, I don't
             | have to tell you why, am I?"
        
           | swozey wrote:
           | This is mostly physical machines in person, kiosks and pos
           | terminals, office desktops and things like that. Windows is a
           | tiny portion of GCP and AWS and the web in general.
           | 
           | I'm 100% "cloud" with tens of thousands of linux containers
           | running and haven't been affected at all.
        
         | patates wrote:
         | Nowadays it seems like everyone is running stuff inside VMs
         | because IT removes all the rights in the host system.
        
       | jkells wrote:
       | Maybe they do perform canary deployments and Australia was the
       | canary?
       | 
       | Certainly feels like it's disproportionately affecting us down
       | under.
        
         | bobnamob wrote:
         | We're just the only ones awake to feel it
        
           | bobnamob wrote:
           | Anecdotal evidence: the global mega corp I unfortunately work
           | for is definitely feeling this globally
        
         | tomashubelbauer wrote:
         | It looks like the whole world is the canary, but they will have
         | the release ready and in top shape for the Mars deployment.
        
       | rochak wrote:
       | I haven't seen a simultaneous outage as big as this in my entire
       | life. I'm just hoping this gets enterprises to move off of
       | Windows.
        
         | BartjeD wrote:
         | Except it hasn't got much to do with Windows... its a faulty
         | kernel software package from a commercial vendor unrelated to
         | the OS.
         | 
         | Philosophically it's always good to have diversity, precisely
         | to avoid such disruptions. But the real issue here is: A)
         | Apparently half the world runs CloudStrike... So everything is
         | disrupted. B) Apparently CloudStrike didn't test their update
         | properly.
         | 
         | I'm very curious what will happen to CloudStrike. This seems
         | like a huge liability?
        
           | sgammon wrote:
           | We don't know that yet
        
       | lachlanj wrote:
       | I'm confused, is this an issue with Windows or with Crowdstrike
       | software installed on Windows?
        
         | pi-rat wrote:
         | With a crowdstrike kernel driver, so technically not a
         | microsoft/windows issue.
        
       | dboreham wrote:
       | For a while I've joked with family and colleagues that software
       | is so shitty on a widespread basis these days that it won't be
       | long before something breaks so badly that the planet stops
       | working. Looks like it happened.
        
       | drooopy wrote:
       | I've picked the perfect day to return from vacation. Being
       | greeted by thousands of users being mad at you and people asking
       | for your head on a plate makes me reconsider my career choice.
       | Here's to 12 hours of task force meetings...
        
         | jeffrallen wrote:
         | "Gentlemen! You can't fight in here, this is the War Room!"
         | 
         | Have a nice day, anyway.
        
         | urbandw311er wrote:
         | Huge sympathies to you. If it's any consolation, because the
         | scale of the outage is _SO_ massive and widely reported, it
         | will quickly become apparent that this was beyond your control,
         | and those demanding your  'head on a plate' are likely to
         | appear rather foolish. Hang in there my friend.
        
           | drooopy wrote:
           | To their credit, the stakeholder that asked for my head
           | personally came to me and apologised once they realised that
           | entire airports have been shut down worldwide. But yeah, not
           | a Friday/funday hahaha
        
             | defrost wrote:
             | Most organisations seem to have a section of management
             | that dissolve into batshit crazy teapots at the first hint
             | of a crisis.
        
               | rightbyte wrote:
               | Ye and these types make any problem worse. Any technical
               | problem also becomes a social problem to deal with these
               | lunatics and keep the house of cards from crumbeling.
        
               | CoastalCoder wrote:
               | I don't it's a management thing, per se. I see it more as
               | a personality trait for how one handles stressful
               | situations.
               | 
               | I think some people can improve upon it with time and
               | effort.
        
               | defrost wrote:
               | It's not a management thing, it's very much a personality
               | trait ... that for whatever reason seems to survive in
               | pockets of management in most organisations over a
               | certain size.
               | 
               | It's not a trait that survives well at yard crew level,
               | trade assistents that freak out at spiders either get
               | over it or never make it through apprenceships to become
               | tradespeople.
               | 
               | In IT those who deal with failing processes, stopped
               | jobs, smoking hardware, insuffcient RAM, tight deadlines
               | learn to cope or get sidelined or fired (mostly).
               | 
               | To be clear, I've seen people get frazzled at most levels
               | and many job types in various companies.
               | 
               | My thesis is there's a layer of management in which
               | nervous types who utterly lose their cool at the first
               | sign of trouble can survive better than elsewhere in
               | large organisations.
               | 
               | But that's just been my experience over many years in
               | several different types of work domains.
        
           | cm2012 wrote:
           | Unless he works high up at CrowdStrike lol
        
         | swarnie wrote:
         | <Points at BBC news live feed>
         | 
         | Its not just us, form an orderly queue and you'll been seen
         | soon.
         | 
         | Do you really all have these mentally unstable userbases?
        
           | Eji1700 wrote:
           | Ohhh absolutely. And it's not just users, it's also
           | management. "How does this affect us? Are we compromised?
           | What are our options? Why didn't we prevent this? How do you
           | prevent this going forward? How soon can you have it back up?
           | What was affected? Why isn't it everyone? Why are things
           | still down? Why didn't X or Y unrelated vendor schlock
           | prevent this?..."
           | 
           | And on and on and on. Just the amount of time spent
           | unproductively discussing this nightmare is going to cost
           | billions.
        
             | kobalsky wrote:
             | those are all valid questions though.
        
               | Kye wrote:
               | Nothing is more annoying than having a user ask a litany
               | of questions obvious to the person working on the problem
               | and looking for the answers while working on the problem
               | and looking for the answers.
        
               | treesknees wrote:
               | They're valid for a postmortem analysis. They're not
               | helpful while you're actively triaging the incident,
               | because they don't get you any steps closer to fixing it.
        
               | tcmart14 wrote:
               | Exactly my thinking. Asking these questions doesn't help
               | us now. But after all the action is done, they should be
               | asked. And really should be questions that always get
               | asked from time to time, incident or no incident.
        
               | kobalsky wrote:
               | The problem is that you are only focusing on making the
               | computers work and not the system.
               | 
               | "we don't know yet" is a valid response and gives the
               | rest something to work, and it shouldn't annoy you that
               | it's being asked, first of all because if they are asking
               | is because you are already late.
               | 
               | you have to to tell the rest of the team what you know
               | and you don't know, and update them accordingly.
               | 
               | until your team says something the rest don't know if
               | it's a 30 minute thing or the end of the world or if we
               | need to start dusting off the faxes.
        
             | cm2012 wrote:
             | Good candidate to do a copy and paste write up you send to
             | everyone who asks.
        
               | Eji1700 wrote:
               | A large portion of this was in person
        
               | 8note wrote:
               | Bring a billboard with you everywhere, and point at it?
        
               | cm2012 wrote:
               | "I'll email you the full update"
        
         | CoastalCoder wrote:
         | Maybe you picked the right week to _start_ sniffing glue.
        
         | kelsey98765431 wrote:
         | Your head belongs on the plate for not being able to point back
         | to your recommendation for failover posture enhancement such as
         | identifying core business systems, core function roles, having
         | fully offline emergency systems, warning of the dangers of
         | making cloud services your only services, and then pointing to
         | the proposed costs to implement these systems being lower than
         | the damages caused by outage to core business services.
         | 
         | Move to a new career if you feel you don't have the ability to
         | push right back against this.
        
         | raverbashing wrote:
         | > and people asking for your head on a plate
         | 
         | I'd say I'd given what they want and left to get an icecream at
         | the part
         | 
         | Let then try to fix it themselves
        
         | 1oooqooq wrote:
         | well, you did agree to go in business with crowdstrike, and
         | base your company IT on windows, so...
        
       | adzm wrote:
       | Workaround fixed it for me, thankfully I had access to the
       | bitlocker recovery keys. This will be a bad day for IT people
       | worldwide.
        
       | cromka wrote:
       | BBC reports: " The cause is not known - but Microsoft says it's
       | taking mitigation action".
       | 
       | Most of the media I found say it's because "cloud
       | infrastructure". I am yet to see any major source actually
       | factually report this is caused by a bad patch in Crowdstrike
       | software installed on top of Windows.
       | 
       | Gets to show how little competency there is in journalism
       | nowadays. And begs a question how often they misinterpret and
       | misreport things in other fields?
        
         | spuz wrote:
         | On BBC news a few minutes ago, an expert did describe the
         | problem as affecting Microsoft Azure cloud systems as well as
         | Windows systems running Crowdstrike due to an "update gone
         | wrong".
        
           | cromka wrote:
           | Well, in BBC's live coverage, just minutes ago, their
           | technology editor said:
           | 
           | " There have been reports suggesting that a cybersecurity
           | company called Crowdstrike, which produces antivirus
           | software, issued a software update that has gone horribly
           | wrong and is bricking Windows devices - prompting the so-
           | called "blue screen of death" on PCs. Now, _whether these two
           | issues are the same thing_ , or whether it's a perfect storm
           | of _two big things happening simultaneously_ - I don 't yet
           | know. It certainly sounds like it's going to be causing a lot
           | of havoc."
           | 
           | What two issues? Two major independent outages? This is
           | seriously bad and purely speculative.
        
             | pvg wrote:
             | There was a different Azure and other MS services
             | (including Office 365) outage earlier which is separate
             | from the crowdstrike thing that started a few hours later.
        
             | alt227 wrote:
             | There is also an Azure outage going on, and it is unknown
             | if they are related.
        
               | cromka wrote:
               | Oh, fair enough.
        
         | esskay wrote:
         | BBC are doing a rare awful job. I've got BBC News on here in
         | the UK and they just keep saying a "Microsoft IT outage".
        
           | cromka wrote:
           | Or maybe they usually do an awful job, except this time this
           | is our field, so we know for certain that they do.
        
         | benfortuna wrote:
         | https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-07-19/what-is-crowdstrike-o...
        
         | d1sxeyes wrote:
         | The BBC are starting to say that 'tech people are saying this
         | is Crowdstrike', so I guess it's just a question of being
         | certain? Perhaps we'd have similar concerns about rigour in
         | journalism if it were to turn out that it's actually not
         | Crowdstrike specifically, it's caused by the interplay of
         | Crowdstrike and some other currently unknown thing, and
         | actually it's not Crowdstrike that's behaving improperly, but
         | this other currently unknown thing.
         | 
         | It's looking more and more like Crowdstrike screwed up, but I
         | appreciate rigour and accuracy more than FRISTTT!!! type
         | announcements.
        
         | handity wrote:
         | BFMTV, French broadcaster, reports:
         | 
         | "Selon le quotidien The Australian, qui relaie les declarations
         | du ministere australien des Affaires interieures, l'entreprise
         | Crowdstrike pourrait etre en cause, apres avoir ete victime
         | d'une breche au sein de sa plateforme."
         | 
         | Translated/summarized: "According to the publication The
         | Australian, Crowdstrike may be the cause of the outage after
         | having suffered a security breach"
         | 
         | I like how it redirects blame away from those responsible and
         | perpetuates the idea that "hackers" are the real threat.
         | 
         | Source: https://www.bfmtv.com/tech/direct-une-panne-
         | informatique-mon...
        
       | gedw99 wrote:
       | Ironically SolarWinds court case happened yesterday. SEC won.
       | SolarWindows was fraudulent to say their software way "secure".
       | They should rename a side channel attack a "Tom and Jerry",
       | because its getting like a game of Cat and Mouse
        
       | gedw99 wrote:
       | Rock me Amadeus.
       | 
       | At least the central flight booking system is up I guess. Google
       | brought it years ago and it's a mainframe.
       | 
       | Hence why google flights is so tapped in :)
        
       | reegnz wrote:
       | Cybersecurity company secures computers worldwide by not allowing
       | them to be turned on. - not the onion
        
       | mro_name wrote:
       | What do card houses do for a living?
        
       | vlugovsky wrote:
       | Crowdstrike is a perfect name for a company that could cause a
       | worldwide outage.
        
         | lizknope wrote:
         | Yeah, I've always thought it was a bad name. I see them during
         | Formula 1 advertisements because they sponsor the Mercedes
         | team.
         | 
         | They might as well have named themselves "cluster bomb" as they
         | have done a huge amount of damage today and for the next few
         | days.
        
         | Lammy wrote:
         | Makes me think of flystrike which is also a perfect analogy
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myiasis
        
       | jiehong wrote:
       | IMO, having a mix of servers would help in mitigating issues like
       | that.
       | 
       | Like run stuff on Linux, windows and freebsd servers, so that you
       | have OS redundancy should an issue affect one in particular
       | (kernel or app).
       | 
       | Just like you want more than a single server handling your
       | traffic, you'd want 2 different base for those servers to avoid
       | impacting them both with an update.
        
         | romanovcode wrote:
         | Not using this crap security software would mitigate this
         | issue.
        
       | tanelpoder wrote:
       | I'm curious why this post is still not the 1st (but 2nd after an
       | ebook reader announcement), despite all the upvotes.
        
         | saagarjha wrote:
         | Lots of people commenting drags down the position on the front
         | page.
        
       | silamay wrote:
       | I'm trying to refresh to get the latest update ...
        
       | bgnn wrote:
       | This is a manifestation of almost everything wrong about software
       | development and marketing practices.
       | 
       | I work in hardware development and such a failure is almost
       | impossible to imagine. It has to work, always. It puzzles me why
       | this isn't the casebfor software. My SWE colleagues often get mad
       | at us HW guys because we want to see their test coverage for the
       | firmware/drivers etc.. The focus is having something which
       | compiles and pushing the code to production as fast as possible
       | and then regressing in production. Most of HW problems are a
       | result of this. I found it's often better to go over the firmware
       | myself and read line by line to understand what the code does. It
       | saves so much time from endless debugging sessions later. It
       | pisses of firmware guys, but hey, you have to break some eggs to
       | make an omelette.
        
         | aa-jv wrote:
         | > It puzzles me why this isn't the case for software
         | 
         | In my anecdotal experience, its because corporate software
         | projects are not typically run by people who are good at
         | building safe things - but rather, just building things
         | quickly.
         | 
         | There's a huge issue with the mentality of "it works, ship it"
         | being propagated.
         | 
         | I build systems software for safety-critical and mission-
         | critical markets, and I can say without a doubt that if there
         | aren't at least two quality stages in your process workflow
         | (and your workflow isn't waterfall), then you're going to be in
         | for a rough time, rookies.
         | 
         | Always, always delay your releases, and always, always, eat
         | your own dog food by testing your delayed releases in your own
         | customer-like environment, which is to say, never release a
         | developers build ..
        
           | bgnn wrote:
           | This is also my experience. And the worst was always being
           | lectured by SW project managers about being agile and having
           | to move quick and release early. I won't release anything
           | without making sure everything works in every possible
           | condition. This is why it takes years to build a complex chip
           | (CPU, Fpga, any SoC really). Their firmware is often squeezed
           | into months, and often the developers are handling like 10
           | different projects. So, no focus, no time to understand the
           | details of the design. At the end it's common to have
           | firmware issues in the first year after release. It's kind of
           | expected even.
        
         | doug_durham wrote:
         | Complexity. As you get further from the driver and the kernel
         | software complexity expands massively. It gets to a point where
         | it is beyond the abilities of humans and processes to manage it
         | in a cost effective manner.
        
           | bgnn wrote:
           | I understand that might be case for a lot of SW development.
           | But in the context I was talking about, the HW is so much
           | more complex than the SW. Valid for a lot of cases too. But
           | then, why? If we know that we cannot build a 100km long
           | bridge, nobody attempts to build that and waste resources.
           | Why does software development lack this?
        
             | grodriguez100 wrote:
             | When is HW much more complex than the SW? I work in a
             | company that designs (far from trivial) hardware, and
             | develops embedded software, and in my experience software
             | is always more complex than hardware, due to the many
             | layers of abstraction (unless you are writing only, IDK,
             | boot loaders in assembler? and even then it is about the
             | same level of complexity)
        
               | bgnn wrote:
               | When it is IC design. PCB modules are not so complex but
               | ICs are.
        
       | silamay wrote:
       | I'm trying to refresh to get latest update... let's keep posting
        
       | mehh wrote:
       | Don't be fooled, it's Skynet, head to the bunkers!
        
         | steve1977 wrote:
         | Username "mehh" has been noted.
        
       | openrisk wrote:
       | The details (the particular companies / systems etc) of this
       | global incident don't really matter.
       | 
       | When the entire society and economy are being digitized AND that
       | digitisation is controlled and passes through a handful of choke
       | points its an invitation to major disaster.
       | 
       | It is risk management 101, never put all your digital eggs in one
       | (or even a few) baskets.
       | 
       | The love affair with oligopoly, cornered markets and power
       | concentration (which creates abnormal returns for a select few)
       | is priming the rest of us for major disasters.
       | 
       | As a rule of thumb there should be at least ten alternatives in
       | any diversified set of critical infrastructure service providers,
       | all of them instantly replaceable / forced to provide
       | interoperability...
       | 
       | Some truths will hit you in the face again and again until you
       | acknowledge the nature of reality.
        
         | pcblues wrote:
         | Centralisation vs decentralisation. Cost-savings vs
         | localisation of disaster.
         | 
         | It's a swinging pendulum of decisions. And developers know that
         | software/hardware provision is a house of cards. The more
         | levels of dependency, the more fragile the system is.
         | 
         | Absolutely horrible when lives will be lost, but determining
         | the way our global systems are engineered and paid for will
         | always be a moving target based on policy and incentive.
         | 
         | My heart goes out to life and death results of this. There are
         | no perfect tech solutions.
        
         | asib wrote:
         | > It is risk management 101, never put all your digital eggs in
         | one (or even a few) baskets.
         | 
         | The fact it's widespread is because so many individual
         | organisations individually chose to use CrowdStrike, not
         | because they all got together and decided to crown CrowdStrike
         | as king, surely?
         | 
         | I agree with you in principle, but the only solution I can
         | think of would be to split up a company with reach like
         | CrowdStrike's. The consequences of having to do that are up for
         | debate.
        
           | alex-nt wrote:
           | It's never that simple. There is a strong herd mentality in
           | the business space. Just yesterday I've been in a
           | presentation from the risk department and they described the
           | motives around choosing a specific security product as `safe
           | choice, because a lot of other companies use it in our space,
           | so regulator can't complain`...the whole decision structure
           | boiled down to: `I don't want to do extra work to check the
           | other options, we go with whatever the herd chooses`. Its
           | terrifying to hear this...
        
             | lmm wrote:
             | The whole point of software like this is a regulatory box-
             | ticking exercise, no-one wants it to actually do anything
             | except satisfy the regulator. Crowdstrike had less overhead
             | and (until now) outages than its competitors, and the
             | regulators were willing to tick the box, so of course
             | people picked them. There are bad cases of people following
             | the herd where there are other solutions with actually
             | better functionality, but this isn't that.
        
               | yodelshady wrote:
               | OTOH... I remember an O365 outage in London a few years
               | ago.
               | 
               | You're down? Great, so are your competitors, your
               | customers, and your suppliers. Head to the pub. Actually,
               | you'll probably get more real value there, as your
               | competitors, customers and suppliers are at that same
               | pub. Insurance multinationals have been founded from
               | less.
               | 
               | That didn't affect any OT though, so it was more just
               | proof that 90% of work carried out via O365 adds no real
               | value. Knowing where the planes are probably is
               | important.
        
               | lmm wrote:
               | > You're down? Great, so are your competitors, your
               | customers, and your suppliers. Head to the pub. Actually,
               | you'll probably get more real value there, as your
               | competitors, customers and suppliers are at that same
               | pub. Insurance multinationals have been founded from
               | less.
               | 
               | I mean yeah, that's the other thing - the Keynesian sound
               | banker aspect. But that's more for software that you're
               | intentionally using for your business processes. I don't
               | think anyone was thinking about Cloudstrike being down in
               | the first place, unless they were worried about an outage
               | in the webpage that lists all the security certifications
               | they have.
        
             | owl57 wrote:
             | You say that as it's some bad thing, but it's just other
             | words for "use boring tech".
             | 
             | Yes, there could be reasons to choose a lesser-known
             | product, but they better be really good reasons.
             | 
             | Because there are multiple general reasons in the other
             | direction, and incidents like this are actually one of
             | those reasons: they could happen with any product, but now
             | you have a bigger community sharing heads-ups and
             | workarounds, and vendor's incident response might also be
             | better when the whole world is on fire, not only a couple
             | of companies.
        
           | 7952 wrote:
           | Perhaps the organisations have a similar security posture.
           | And that creates a market that will eventually result in a
           | few large providers who have the resources to service larger
           | corporations. You see something similar in VPN software where
           | Fortinet and Palo become the linchpin of security. The deeper
           | question is to wonder at the soundness of the security
           | posture itself.
        
           | jaggederest wrote:
           | It's not just Crowdstrike, it's all up and down the software
           | and hardware supply chain.
           | 
           | It's that so many people are on Azure - which is a defacto
           | monopoly for people using Microsoft stack - which is a
           | defacto monopoly for people using .Net
           | 
           | And if they're doing that, the clients are on Windows as
           | well, and probably also running Crowdstrike. The AD servers
           | that you need to get around Bitlocker to automatically
           | restore a machine are on Azure, running Windows, running
           | Crowdstrike. The VM image storage? Same. This is basically a
           | "rebuild the world from scratch" exercise to some greater or
           | lesser degree. I hope some of the admins have non-windows
           | machines.
        
             | neonsunset wrote:
             | How come AWS sometimes has even better tooling for .NET
             | than Azure, while JetBrains offers better IDE on Linux,
             | macOS and, depending on your taste, Windows than Microsoft?
             | Or, for some reason, the most popular deployment target is
             | just a container that is vendor-agnostic? _Surely_ I must
             | be missing something you don 't.
        
               | jaggederest wrote:
               | All of that is absolutely true and in no way affects the
               | behavior at hand. Big companies go with whoever sells
               | them the best, not any kind of actual technical
               | evaluation.
        
           | izacus wrote:
           | I wonder how many of those orgs were "independently" audited
           | by security firms which made passing audit without
           | Crowdstrike specifically a hell.
           | 
           | Most of crap security I met in big organisations was driven
           | by checklist audits and compliance audits by a few "security"
           | firms. Either you did it the dumb way or good luck fighting
           | your org and their org to pass the audit.
        
           | lucasRW wrote:
           | When it comes to security products, the size of the customer
           | base matters. More customers means more telemetry. More
           | telemetry means better awareness of IOCs, better training
           | sets to determine what's good and what's bad.
        
           | spacebanana7 wrote:
           | There's a strong drive for everyone to do things the same way
           | in IT. Some of the same pressure that drives us towards open
           | standards can also drive us towards using a standard vendor.
           | 
           | > I agree with you in principle, but the only solution I can
           | think of would be to split up a company with reach like
           | CrowdStrike's.
           | 
           | Changing corporate structures doesn't necessarily help. It's
           | possible that if CrowdStrike were split up into to smaller
           | companies, all the customers would go to the one with the
           | "better" product and we'd be in a similar position.
        
             | another2another wrote:
             | Well, if they'd used a different vendor (or nothing) on the
             | DR servers we could have done a failover and gotten on with
             | our day. But alas nobody saw, an app that can download data
             | from the internet, whenever it wants to update itself
             | arbitrarily without user intervention, as a problem.
             | 
             | So here we are.
        
           | chiefalchemist wrote:
           | They choose because other have. "Look how many others choose
           | us" is a common marketing cry. Perhaps instead too popular is
           | a reason not to choose? Perhaps not parroting your
           | competitors and industry is a reason not to choose?
        
         | anonylizard wrote:
         | Society was able to move to mass WFH on a global scale in a
         | single month during Covid, thanks to the highly centralized and
         | efficient cloud infrastructure. That could have easily saved
         | tens of millions of lives (Imagine the Spanish flu with mass
         | air travel, no vaccines, no strain-weakening)
         | 
         | These small 'downages' basically never cause serious issue.
         | Your solutions are just alarmist and extremely costly (though
         | they will provide developer employment...).
        
           | jaggederest wrote:
           | > These small 'downages' basically never cause serious issue.
           | 
           | Hospitals, airlines, 911, grocery stores, electric companies,
           | gas companies, all offline. There will be more than a few
           | people dead as an indirect result of this outage, depending
           | on how long it lasts.
        
           | randomcarbloke wrote:
           | true, but incentives should be in place to encourage a more
           | diverse array of products, at the moment with many solutions
           | (especially security) it is a choice between that one popular
           | known product (Okta, CrowdStrike, et al, $$$) and bespoke
           | ($$$$$$$$$$).
           | 
           | If only because we can then move away from one-size-fits-all,
           | while mitigating the short-term impact of events like the
           | above.
        
           | shakna wrote:
           | > These small 'downages' basically never cause serious issue.
           | 
           | Emergency Departments and 911 were knocked offline. People
           | will indirectly die because of this, just like the last time
           | 911 went down, and just like the last time EDs went down.
           | 
           | It's not alarmist, it's realist.
        
           | TestingWithEdd wrote:
           | If CrowdStrike can cause this with a faulty update
           | (allegedly), what do you think could happen to Western
           | infrastructure from a full blown cyberwar? It's a valid risk.
           | 
           | > Society was able to move to mass WFH on a global scale in a
           | single month during Covid
           | 
           | I don't know how much WFH saved lives, seeing as ordered
           | isolation and social distancing was a thing during the
           | Spanish Flu too (you just take the economic hit). But yes it
           | allowed companies to keep maintaining profits. Those that
           | couldn't WFH got paid in most countries anyway (furlough in
           | England, etc).
           | 
           | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2862334/
        
         | dagaci wrote:
         | Be aware that enterprise firms actively choose and "asses" who
         | their AV suppliers are on-premis and in the cloud not imposed
         | by msft. Googling it does seem that CrowdStrike, does have a
         | history of Kernel Panics. Perhaps such interesting things as
         | Kernel panic should be part of compliance checklist.
         | 
         | Googling it seems crowdstrike has a history of causing kernel
         | panics.
         | 
         | https://www.google.com/search?q=crowdstrike+kernel+panic
        
           | konschubert wrote:
           | They have a Gartner Magic Quadrant on the landing page.
           | 
           | This is checkbox software, selling to decision makers in
           | enterprises who will never see nor touch the software they
           | are buying.
           | 
           | This kind of software where the user isn't the customer is
           | always terrible.
        
             | stoperaticless wrote:
             | > checkbox software
             | 
             | Never heard this name before. Thx.
        
           | Y_Y wrote:
           | Maybe if they got off their "asses" and did some more
           | comprehensive assessments we wouldnt be in theis mess.
        
           | AshamedCaptain wrote:
           | What are they going to do, go back to Tanium?
           | 
           | Everytime there was a mysterious performance problem
           | affecting a random subset of machines, it was Tanium. I know
           | how difficult it is for anyone to just get rid of this type
           | of software, but frankly it has been proven over and over
           | that antivirus are just more surface attack, not less.
        
         | vb-8448 wrote:
         | > The details (the particular companies / systems etc) of this
         | global incident don't really matter.
         | 
         | It definitively matters. The main issue he is that Crowdstrike
         | was able to push and update on all server around the world
         | where all their agent is installed ... it looks like an
         | enormous botnet ...
         | 
         | We need a detailed post-mortem on what happened here.
        
           | lupusreal wrote:
           | The name sounds like something security researchers would
           | name a botnet.
        
         | d--b wrote:
         | Yet, catastrophic failures like this happen, and people move
         | on. Sure, there is that one guy who spent 10 years building a
         | 10-fold redundancy plan, and his service didn't go down when
         | the whole planet went down, but do people really care?
        
           | alt227 wrote:
           | His customers do
        
             | oneeyedpigeon wrote:
             | > when the whole planet went down
             | 
             | If his business is the most critical thing for people's
             | lives, sure. If it's anything else, his customers will have
             | other things to worry about.
        
             | curtisblaine wrote:
             | Unless his systems are up but critically dependent on other
             | external systems (payment services, bucket storage, auth
             | etc...) that are down. It's becoming increasingly difficult
             | to not have those dependencies.
        
           | JackMorgan wrote:
           | If he provides emergency services like fire and ambulance
           | people care a lot.
        
         | nyx_land wrote:
         | this isn't even the first time something like this has
         | happened. it's literally a running joke in programmer circles
         | that AWS East going down will take down half the internet, and
         | yet there's absolutely zero initiative being taken by anyone
         | who makes these sorts of decisions to maybe not have every
         | major service on the internet be put into the same handful of
         | points of failure. nothing will change, no one will learn
         | anything, and this will happen again.
        
           | bilbo0s wrote:
           | That's very different though. That's avoidable. We all can
           | easily have our services running in different data centers
           | around the world. Heck, the non-amateurs out there all have
           | their services running in different Amazon data centers
           | around the world. So you can get that even from a single
           | provider. Hardware redundancy is just that cheap nowadays.
           | 
           | This CS thing, there's no way around. You use it and they
           | screw up, you get hit. Period. You don't failover to another
           | data center in Europe or Asia. You just go down.
           | 
           | Hardware, even cloud hardware, is rarely the issue. Probably
           | _especially_ cloud hardware is not an issue because failover
           | is so inexpensive relative to software.
           | 
           | Software is a different issue entirely. How many of us will
           | develop, shadow run, and maintain a parallel service written
           | on a separate OS? My guess is "not many". That's the
           | redundancy we're talking about to avoid something like this.
           | You'd have to be using a different OS and not using CS
           | anywhere in that new software stack. (Though not using CS
           | wouldn't be much of a problem if the OS is different but I
           | think you see what I mean.)
           | 
           | Amazon, implementing failover for your hardware is a few
           | clicks. But if you want to implement an identical service
           | with different software, you better have a spare dev team
           | somewhere.
        
             | tormeh wrote:
             | It's very avoidable. Just don't use shit software.
        
             | karambahh wrote:
             | AWS East going down will (and has) cause(d) disruption in
             | other regions. Last time it happened (maybe like 18 months
             | ago), you ran into billing and quota issues, if my memory
             | serves.
             | 
             | AWS is, as any company, centralized in a way or another.
             | 
             | Want to be sure you won't be impacted by AWS East going
             | down, even if you run in another region? Well, better be
             | prepared to run (or have a DRP) on another cloud provider
             | then...
             | 
             | The cost of running your workload on two different CSP is
             | quite high, especially if your teams have been convinced to
             | use AWS-specific technologies. You need to first get your
             | software stack provider agnostic and then manage the two
             | platform in sync from a technical and contract perspective,
             | which is not always easy...
        
               | bilbo0s wrote:
               | You just made the single point of failure your software
               | stack hardware abstraction layer. There's a bug in it,
               | you're down. Everywhere. Not only that, but if there is
               | CS in either your HAL, or your application you're down.
               | So to get the redundancy the original commenter was
               | talking about, you need to develop 2 different HALs with
               | 2 different applications all using a minimum of 2
               | different OS and language stacks.
               | 
               | Why multiply your problems? Use your cloud service
               | provider only to access hardware and leave the rest of
               | that alone. That way any cloud provider will due. Any
               | region on any cloud provider will due. You could even
               | just fallback to your own racks if you want. Point is,
               | you only want the hardware.
               | 
               | Now to get that level of redundancy, you would still have
               | to create 2 different implementations of your application
               | on 2 different software and OS stacks. But the hardware
               | layer is now able to run anywhere. Again, you can even
               | have a self hosted rack in your dispatch stack.
               | 
               | So hardware redundancy is easy to do at the level the
               | original commenter recommends . Software redundancy is
               | incredibly difficult and expensive to do at the level the
               | original commenter was talking about. Your idea to make a
               | hardware/cloud abstraction layer only multiplies the
               | number of software layers you would need multiple
               | implementations of, shadow run and maintain to achieve
               | the hypothetical level of redundancy.
        
         | higeorge13 wrote:
         | Or perhaps it's just because companies release features,
         | planes, devices, etc. without any form of QA, aiming just to
         | increase their profits?
         | 
         | In this case, has CS done any QA on this release? Have they
         | tested it for months on all the variations of the devices that
         | they claim to support? It seems not.
        
           | asmor wrote:
           | Considering CS Falcon causes your performance to drop by
           | about half and does the same to your battery life, I doubt
           | they have any sort of QA that cares about anything but
           | hitting stakeholder goals.
        
             | malkia wrote:
             | Just week or so ago, there was an issue with CS Release
             | pegging a whole CPU.
        
         | Frieren wrote:
         | Efficiency goes against resilience.
         | 
         | Can you imagine having just one road connecting two big cities
         | to cut costs? No alternative roads, nor big nor small.
         | 
         | That will be really cheap to maintain, and you can charge as
         | much as you want in tolls as there are no alternatives. And you
         | can add ads all over the road as people has to watch them to
         | move from one city to the other.
         | 
         | And if the road breaks, the goverment needs to pay for the cost
         | as they cannot allow the cities to go unconnected.
         | 
         | We live in the middle-ages of technology.
        
           | nicbou wrote:
           | We have multiple exits to avoid trapping people in a fire.
           | Redundancy is important when the cost of failure is high.
        
             | ajsnigrutin wrote:
             | Sure, and all those rules were created when a building
             | without multiple exists burned down and many people died.
             | 
             | Maybe this crowdstrike outage will be the "burning
             | building" that will bring change :)
        
               | chii wrote:
               | Computer systems have gone down before. It's only when
               | people actually die, rather than merely be
               | inconvenienced, that change happens.
        
               | JackMorgan wrote:
               | 911 systems down overnight will certainly be found to
               | have caused deaths.
        
             | lazyasciiart wrote:
             | America has much stricter rules about this than other
             | places, actually.
        
           | seanp2k2 wrote:
           | Or like...one power company in Texas?
        
           | funcDropShadow wrote:
           | > Efficiency goes against resilience.
           | 
           | Only when you are focusing on short-term effects. If you
           | thinking long-term it is always better to not be out of
           | business.
        
           | 28304283409234 wrote:
           | > Can you imagine having just one road connecting two big
           | cities to cut costs?
           | 
           | Sure! But now imagine those roads private property.
        
         | baxtr wrote:
         | It is also risk management 101 that managing (i.e. avoiding or
         | insuring) risks doesn't come for free.
         | 
         | The cost and benefits of managing risks need to be balanced.
         | 
         | So I am not convinced that there need to be "at least ten
         | alternatives" to be fail safe as society.
         | 
         | Where I agree with you is that these decisions should be
         | deliberate and done after a cost / benefit analysis.
        
           | openrisk wrote:
           | > So I am not convinced that there need to be "at least ten
           | alternatives" to be fail safe as society.
           | 
           | The required number "N for safety" is a good discussion to
           | have. Risk-Return, Cost-Benefit etc are essential
           | considerations. We live in the real world with finite
           | resources and stark choices. But I would argue (without
           | trying to be facetious) that they are risk management 102
           | type considerations.
           | 
           | Why? Because they must rely on the pretense of knowledge [1].
           | As digitization keeps expanding to encompass basically
           | _everything_ we do, the system becomes exceedingly complex,
           | nobody has a good picture of all internal or external
           | vulnerabilities and how much they might cascade inside an
           | interconnected system.
           | 
           | Assessing cost versus benefit implies one can reasonably
           | quantify all sides of the equation. In the absence of a
           | demonstrably valid model of the "system" the prudent thing is
           | to favor detail-agnostic rules of thumb. If these rules
           | suggest that reducing unsafe levels of concentration is not
           | economically viable there must be something wrong with the
           | conceptual business model of digitization as it is now
           | pursued.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-
           | sciences/1974/hay...
        
         | teeheelol wrote:
         | That's not really the problem here.
         | 
         | The problem is allowing a single vendor, with a reputation of
         | fucking up over and over again, to push code into your
         | production systems at will with no testing on your part.
        
           | AndriyKunitsyn wrote:
           | Right. I thought the "big guys" know better and they have
           | some processes to vet Crowdstrike updates. Maybe even if they
           | don't get its source code, they at least have a separate
           | server that manages the updates, like Microsoft's WSUS.
           | 
           | But no, they are okay with a black box that calls home and
           | they give it kernel access to their machines. What?
        
             | teeheelol wrote:
             | We do that. CS literally entirely pushed this over our
             | staging system and straight into production.
        
               | grishka wrote:
               | Why did they have the technical means to do so?
        
               | teeheelol wrote:
               | Because our security guys are fuckwits.
               | 
               | (I am operations management and fought against this
               | product and approach for months)
        
         | aboringusername wrote:
         | > there should be at least ten alternatives in any diversified
         | set of critical infrastructure service providers, all of them
         | instantly replaceable / forced to provide interoperability...
         | 
         | And does anyone actually know how to _actually_ implement this,
         | at the scale required (dealing with _billions_ of transactions
         | daily) in a way that would resolve the problems we are seeing?
         | 
         | It very much seems like a data access problem; places can't
         | access/modify data. The physical disks themselves are most
         | likely fine, but the 'interfaces' are having troubles (assuming
         | that the data isn't stored on the devices having the issue).
         | 
         | But in any case how do you design a system that, if the 'main'
         | interface is troubled, you can switch over, instantly,
         | seemlessly, duplicating access controls, permissions, data
         | validation, logic etc.
         | 
         | There is a reason everything is centralised because it makes no
         | financial sense to duplicate for an extremely unlikely and rare
         | chance. The world is random and these things will happen, but a
         | global outage on this type of scale is not a daily occurance.
         | 
         | We'll look back in a few years and think "those were a crazy
         | few hours" and move on...
        
         | aredox wrote:
         | The oligopoly is not a "love affair", that's how IT works:
         | prime mover advantage, "move fast and break things" (the first
         | of them being interoperability), moats, the brittleness of
         | programming...
         | 
         | The whole startup/unicorns ecosystem exists only because there
         | is the possibility of becoming the dominant player in a field
         | within a few years (or being bought out by one of the big
         | players). This "love affair with oligopoly" is the reason why
         | Ycombinator/HN exists.
        
           | noobermin wrote:
           | I feel like posting this as if it's a given means you are
           | unaware of history. Just because something exists now doesn't
           | mean it is always determined.
        
           | immibis wrote:
           | It works this way because we, as a society, decided we wanted
           | it to.
        
             | carschno wrote:
             | It's correct that these are political/economical decisions.
             | But most people in society neither have the knowledge for
             | an informed opinion on such matters, nor a vote.
        
             | funcDropShadow wrote:
             | The society didn't decide that we want this. The society
             | didn't decide that we want something else.
        
           | Retr0id wrote:
           | It's not an intrinsic property of IT, it's a property of how
           | we've built it and allowed it to be built.
        
         | ropable wrote:
         | Easy to state; non-trivial to implement.
        
         | gmerc wrote:
         | Hey hey, Silicon Valley just bought themselves a VP to ensure
         | no regulation.
        
         | adityaathalye wrote:
         | Sadly, I'm going to have to update examples in my blog post...
         | https://www.evalapply.org/posts/software-
         | debt/index.html#sof....
         | 
         |  _Software debt is networked._
         | 
         | I'm writing this in the wake of the aftermath of the disclosure
         | of the log4j zero-day vulnerability. But this is only a recent
         | example of just one kind of networked risk.
         | 
         | With managed services we effectively add one more level to the
         | Inception world of our software organisation. We outsource nice
         | big chunks of supply chain risk management, but we in-source a
         | different risk of depending critically on entities that we do
         | not control and cannot fix if they fail.
         | 
         | Not to mention the fact that change ripples through the
         | parallel yet deeply enmeshed dimensions of cyberspace and
         | meatspace. Code running on hardware is inexorably tied to
         | concepts running in wetware. Of course, at this level of
         | abstraction, the notion applies to any field of human
         | endeavour. Yet, it is so much more true of software. Because
         | software is essentially the thoughts of people being played on
         | repeat.
        
         | ryandv wrote:
         | Setting aside the utter fecklessness if not outright
         | perniciousness of cybersecurity products such as this, I hope
         | this incident (re-)triggers a discussion of our increasing
         | dependence on computing technology in our lives, its utter
         | inescapability, and our ever-growing inability to function
         | without it in modern society.
         | 
         | Not everything needs to be done through a computer, and we are
         | seeing the effects now of organizing our systems such that the
         | only way to interface with them is through a digital device or
         | a smartphone, with no alternative. Such are the consequences of
         | moving everything "into the cloud" and onto digital devices as
         | a result of easy monetary policy and the concomitant digital
         | gold rush where everyone and their dog scrambled to turn
         | everything into a smartphone app.
        
           | chiefalchemist wrote:
           | This past week I purchased a thermostat. There were "high-
           | end" touch only models, models that were app-assisted also
           | with analog controls, and then finally old school analog
           | only. I went with the middle / combo so that I have analog as
           | a call back if the pure tech mode fails.
           | 
           | Being prepared can cost more and/or be less flashy (read: I
           | didn't get touch-only) but it's only peace of mind, at least
           | for critical components. I want a thermostat that works, I
           | don't get no satisfaction from any bragging rights. Nod to
           | the Rolling Stones.
        
             | floating-io wrote:
             | I literally dealt with this just a few hours ago. I need a
             | new HVAC system. I wanted the high-end model, but it will
             | only work with their fancy cloud-connected thermostat. You
             | cannot replace it with an off-the-shelf thermostat.
             | 
             | Have home automation? Sorry, you'll have to use the
             | Internet.
             | 
             | I vote with my dollars, so it cost them the higher-margin
             | sale. I also went with the mid-tier system, and grabbed a
             | Z-Wave compatible thermostat along with it. I wonder if
             | I'll miss the nifty variable-speed system?
             | 
             | I really wish everyone would stop trying to trap us into
             | their walled gardens. Apple at least lets people write
             | software for theirs, but the hardware/appliance
             | manufacturers (not to mention the automotive folks) are
             | awful about this.
        
               | chiefalchemist wrote:
               | > I really wish everyone would stop trying to trap us
               | into their walled gardens
               | 
               | *And* adding on a subscription.
        
         | stavros wrote:
         | This isn't some global conspiracy, it's just incentives and
         | economies of scale. When it's cheaper to pay a hyperexpert to
         | handle your security, why wouldn't you?
         | 
         | The fact that physical distance is no longer a limit to who you
         | do business with means that you can select the cheapest vendor
         | globally, but then that vendor has an incentive to
         | hyperspecialize (because everyone goes to them for this one
         | thing), which means that even more people go to them.
         | 
         | Avoiding once-in-a-century events just isn't something we're
         | willing to pay the extra cost for, except now we have around
         | twenty places where these once-in-a-century events can happen,
         | which kind of makes them more frequent.
         | 
         | How much stuff do you host on Hetzner instead of AWS?
        
         | peanut-walrus wrote:
         | I think the enterprise software ecosystem currently is not
         | really "all eggs in one basket", but rather you have a whole
         | bunch of baskets, some of them you are not even aware of, some
         | are full of eggs, some have grenades in them instead, some are
         | buckets instead. All baskets are being constantly bombarded
         | with a barrage of eggs from unknown sources, sometimes the eggs
         | explode for inexplicable reasons. Oh yeah and sometimes the
         | baskets themselves disintegrate all at once for no apparent
         | reason.
        
           | Y_Y wrote:
           | You seem to have put an awful lot of eggs in the basket of
           | that metaphor.
        
         | roenxi wrote:
         | The other aspect of risk management is an acceptance that
         | something going wrong isn't necessarily a reason to change what
         | you are doing. If the plan was tacitly to run something at a
         | 99% uptime, then incidents causing 1% downtime can be ignored.
         | 
         | We are going to get hit by some terrible outage eventually (I
         | hope someone is tracking things like what happens if a big war
         | breaks out and the GPS constellations all go down together).
         | But having 10x providers won't help against the big IT-related
         | threats which are things like grid outages and suchlike having
         | cascading effects into food supplies.
        
         | NDizzle wrote:
         | While this is a great theory, how would you actually accomplish
         | this with antivirus software?
         | 
         | Multiple machines, each one using different vendor software?
         | What other software needs to be partitioned this way? What
         | about combinations of this software?
         | 
         | I'm just barely awake but don't know if I'm affected yet. One
         | of my devs is, our client support staff is, and I have no idea
         | how our servers are doing just yet.
        
         | lofaszvanitt wrote:
         | Now they know the state of each of the affected companies
         | systems. How adept their sysops guys are, a birds eye view of
         | their security practices. Nice move and plausible deniable too
         | :D.
         | 
         | I mean how did this happen at all? Are there no checks in place
         | @ crowdstrike? Like deploying the new update to a selected
         | machines and check whether everything is ok, and then releasing
         | it to the wild incrementally?
         | 
         | Mind boggling.
        
           | ojhughes wrote:
           | I suspect the `assertNoBSOD()` test was marked as flakey
        
         | epolanski wrote:
         | While I agree 100% with what you say in principal, stats show
         | that these occurrences are increasingly rare.
        
         | DrBazza wrote:
         | > As a rule of thumb there should be at least ten alternatives
         | 
         | I think you mean 14. https://xkcd.com/927/
         | 
         | > When the entire society and economy are being digitized AND
         | that digitisation is controlled and passes through a handful of
         | choke points its an invitation to major disaster.
         | 
         | Once again, it's Microsoft, directly, or indirectly, choosing a
         | strategy of eventually getting all worldwide Windows desktops
         | online, and connected via their systems.
         | 
         | Which is why I installed Fedora after Windows 7 and never
         | looked back. 100% local, 100% offline if needed.
         | 
         | My company is looking to a non-Microsoft desktop. We're not
         | affected by this, but it will certainly encourage us to move
         | sooner rather than later.
        
         | arp242 wrote:
         | > It is risk management 101, never put all your digital eggs in
         | one (or even a few) baskets.
         | 
         | I mean, plenty of businesses only have penguin eggs in their
         | basket, and some sort of penguin problem would cause major
         | problems for them. I believe that last time this happened was
         | with the leap second thing around 2005 or thereabouts.
         | 
         | "Don't put all your eggs in one basket" sounds nice, but it
         | would mean a completely different independent service all
         | through your stack. That's not really realistic, IMHO.
         | 
         | The bigger issue here is that: 1) some driver update "just"
         | gets pushed (or how does this work?), and 2) the inability to
         | easily do "this is broken, restore to last version". That is
         | even something that could be automatic.
        
         | HenryBemis wrote:
         | > The details (the particular companies / systems etc) of this
         | global incident don't really matter.
         | 
         | But they do matter. This is elementary. It's like saying
         | "playing with matches doesn't matter". This is a problem that
         | has happened before, albeit on smaller scale, and the
         | solution/cure is well known and imho it should be established 2
         | decades ago to every org on the planet.
         | 
         | This is basic COBIT (or BYOFramework) stuff from 10-15-20 years
         | ago.
         | 
         | How can you push a patch/update without testing it fist? I get
         | it if you are a tiny company with 1 IT person an 20 local PCs.
         | Stuff like that cripples you for a couple of days. But when you
         | are an org, with 10k+ laptops, 500+ servers (half of them MS
         | Win), how can you NOT test each and every update?
         | 
         | If you don't want to have the test/staging environments, then
         | at least wait 1-3-5 days to see what the updates will do to
         | others/the news.
         | 
         | Sorry not sorry guys and gals. I've been auditing systems and
         | procedures for so many years, that this is a basic failure.
         | "One cannot just push an update without testing it first" any
         | update, no matter how small/innocent.
        
         | nsagent wrote:
         | Monocultures are known to be points of failure, but people keep
         | going down that path because they optimize for efficiency
         | (heck, most modern economics is premised on the market being
         | efficient).
         | 
         | This problem is pervasive and effects everything from food
         | supply (planting genetically identical seeds rather than
         | diversified "heirloom" crops) to businesses across the board
         | buying and gutting their competitors thus reducing consumer
         | choice.
         | 
         | It's a tough problem akin to a multi-armed bandit: exploit a
         | known strategy or "waste" some effort exploring alternatives in
         | the hopes of better returns. The more efficient you are
         | (exploitation), the higher the likelihood of catastrophic
         | failure in weird edge cases.
        
       | ssss11 wrote:
       | I believe that today they struck the entire crowd... (or should
       | that be cloud)
        
       | chucke1992 wrote:
       | I guess Microsoft can now offer some similar to a Crowstrike
       | solution for Azure users.
        
       | teeheelol wrote:
       | Throwaway account...
       | 
       | CrowdStrike in this context is a NT kernel loadable module (a
       | .sys file) which does syscall level interception and logs then to
       | a separate process on the machine. It can also STOP syscalls from
       | working if they are trying to connect out to other nodes and
       | accessing files they shouldn't be (using some drunk ass
       | heuristics).
       | 
       | What happened here was they pushed a new kernel driver out to
       | every client without authorization to fix an issue with slowness
       | and latency that was in the previous Falcon sensor product. They
       | have a staging system which is supposed to give clients control
       | over this but they pissed over everyone's staging and rules and
       | just pushed this to production.
       | 
       | This has taken us out and we have 30 people currently doing
       | recovery and DR. Most of our nodes are boot looping with blue
       | screens which in the cloud is not something you can just hit F8
       | and remove the driver. We have to literally take each node down,
       | attach the disk to a working node, delete the .sys file and bring
       | it up. Either that or bring up a new node entirely from a
       | snapshot.
       | 
       | This is fine but EC2 is rammed with people doing this now so it's
       | taking forever. Storage latency is through the roof.
       | 
       | I fought for months to keep this shit out of production because
       | of this reason. I am now busy but vindicated.
       | 
       | Edit: to all the people moaning about windows, we've had no
       | problems with Windows. This is not a windows issue. This is a
       | third party security vendor shitting in the kernel.
        
         | tamimio wrote:
         | > give clients control over this but they pissed over
         | everyone's staging and rules and just pushed this to
         | production.
         | 
         | Interesting..
         | 
         | > We have to literally take each node down, attach the disk to
         | a working node..
         | 
         | Probably the easiest solution for you is to go back in time to
         | a previous scheduled snapshot, if you have that setup already.
        
           | teeheelol wrote:
           | That would make sense but it appears everyone is doing EBS
           | snapshots in our regions like mad so they aren't restoring.
           | Spoke to our AWS account manager (we are a big big big org)
           | and they have contention issues everywhere.
           | 
           | I really want our cages, C7000's and VMware back at this
           | point.
        
             | bflesch wrote:
             | Beautiful
        
             | CoastalCoder wrote:
             | > Spoke to our AWS account manager (we are a big big big
             | org)
             | 
             | Is this how you got the inside scoop on the rollout fiasco?
        
             | khrystoph wrote:
             | Netflix big? Bigger or Smaller?
             | 
             | I'm betting I have a good idea of one of the possible orgs
             | you work for, since I used to work specifically with the
             | largest 100 customers during my ~3yr stint in premium
             | support
        
               | teeheelol wrote:
               | Smaller. No one has heard of us :)
        
         | amluto wrote:
         | I did approximately this recently, but on a Linux machine on
         | GCP. It sucked far worse than it should have: apparently GCP
         | cannot reliably "stop" a VM in a timely manner. And you can't
         | detach a boot disk from a VM that isn't "stopped", nor can you
         | multi-attach it, nor can you (AFAICT) convince a VM to boot off
         | an alternate disk.
         | 
         | I used to have this crazy idea that fancy cloud vendors had
         | competent management tools. Like maybe I could issue an API
         | call to boot an existing instance from an alternate disk or
         | HTTPS netboot URL. Or to insta-stop a VM and get block-level
         | access to its disk via API, even if I had to pay for the
         | instance while doing this.
         | 
         | And I'm not sure that it's possible to do this sort of recovery
         | _at all_ without blowing away local SSD. There's a "preview"
         | feature for this on GCP, which seems to be barely supported,
         | and I bet it adds massive latency to the process. Throwing away
         | one's local SSD on every single machine in a deployment sounds
         | like a great way to cause potentially catastrophic resource
         | usage when everything starts back up.
         | 
         | Hmm, I wonder if you're even guaranteed to be able to get your
         | instance back after stopping it.
         | 
         | WTF. Why can't I have any means to access the boot disk of an
         | instance, in a timely manner? Or any better means to recover an
         | instance?
         | 
         | Is AWS any better?
        
           | teeheelol wrote:
           | AWS is not any better really on this. In fact 2 years ago (to
           | the day!) we had a complete AZ outage in our local AWS
           | region. This resulted in their control plane going nuts and
           | being unable to shut down or start new instances. Then
           | capacity problems.
        
             | khrystoph wrote:
             | That's happened several times, actually. That's probably
             | just the latest one. The really fun one was when S3 went
             | down in 2017 in Virginia. Caused global outages of multiple
             | services because most services were housed out of Virginia
             | and when EC2 and other services went offline due to
             | dependency on S3, everything cascade failed across multiple
             | regions (in terms of start/stop/delete...ie. api actions.
             | Stuff that was running was, for the most part, still
             | working in some places).
             | 
             | ...I remember that day pretty well. It was a busy day.
        
           | khrystoph wrote:
           | There is a way with AWS, but it carries risk. You can force
           | detach an instance's volume while it's in the shutting down
           | state, but if you re-attach it to another machine, you risk
           | the possibility of a double-write/data corruption while the
           | instance is still shutting down.
           | 
           | As for "throwing away local SSD", that only happens on AWS
           | with instance store volumes which used to be called ephemeral
           | volumes as the storage was directly attached to the host you
           | were running on and if you did a stop/start of an ebs-backed
           | instance, you were likely to get sent to a different host
           | (vs. a restart API call, which would make an ACPI soft
           | command and after a duration...I think it was 5 minutes,
           | iirc, the hypervisor would kill the instance and restart it
           | on the same host).
           | 
           | When the instance would get sent to a different host, it
           | would get different instance storage and the old instance
           | storage would be wiped from the previous host and you'd be
           | provisioned new instance storage on the new host.
           | 
           | However, with EBS-volumes, those travel from host to host
           | across stop/start cycles and they're attached via very low
           | latency across the network from EBS servers and presented as
           | a local block device to the instance. It's not quite as fast
           | as local instance store, but it's fast enough for almost
           | every use case if you get enough IOPS provisioned either
           | through direct provisioning + correct instance size OR
           | through a large enough drive + large enough instance to
           | maximjze the connection to EBS (there's a table and stuff
           | detailing IOPs, throughput, and instance size in the docs).
           | 
           | Also, support can detach the volume as well if the instance
           | is stuck shutting down and doesn't get manually shut down by
           | the API after a timeout.
           | 
           | None of this is by any means "ideal", but the complexity of
           | these systems is immense and what they're capable of at the
           | scale they operate is actually pretty impressive.
           | 
           | The key is...lots of the things you talk about are do-able at
           | small scale, but when you add more and more operations and
           | complexity to the tool stack on interacting with systems, you
           | add a lot of back-end network overhead, which leads to
           | extreme congestion, even in very high speed networks (it's an
           | exponential scaling problem).
           | 
           | The "ideal" way to deal with these systems is to do regular
           | interval backups off-host (ie. object/blob storage or
           | NFS/NAS/similar) and then just blow away anything that breaks
           | and do a quick restore to the new, fixed instance.
           | 
           | It's obviously easier said than done and most shops still on
           | some level think about VMs/instances as pets, rather than
           | cattle or have hurdles that make treating them as cattle much
           | more challenging, but manual recovery in the cloud, in
           | general, should just be avoided in favor of spinning up
           | something new and re-deploying to it.
        
             | amluto wrote:
             | > There is a way with AWS, but it carries risk. You can
             | force detach an instance's volume while it's in the
             | shutting down state, but if you re-attach it to another
             | machine, you risk the possibility of a double-write/data
             | corruption while the instance is still shutting down.
             | 
             | This is absurd. Every BMC I've ever used has an option to
             | turn off the power immediately. Every low level hypervisor
             | can do this, too. (Want a QEMU guest gone? Kill QEMU.). Why
             | on Earth can't public clouds do it?
             | 
             | The state machine for a cloud VM instance should have a
             | concept where all of the resources for an instance are
             | still held and being billed, but the instance is _not
             | running_. And one should be able to quickly transition
             | between this state and actually running, in both
             | directions.
             | 
             | Also, there should be a way to force stop an instance that
             | is already stopping.
        
               | khrystoph wrote:
               | >This is absurd. Every BMC I've ever used has an option
               | to turn off the power immediately. Every low level
               | hypervisor can do this, too. (Want a QEMU guest gone?
               | Kill QEMU.). Why on Earth can't public clouds do it?
               | 
               | The issue is far more nuanced than that. The systems are
               | very complex and they're a hypervisor that has layers of
               | applications and interfaces to allow scaling. In fact,
               | the hosts all have BMCs (last I knew...but I know there
               | were some who wanted to get rid of the BMC due to BMCs
               | being unreliable, which is, yes, an issue when you deal
               | with scale because BMCs are in fact unreliable. I've had
               | to reset countless stuck BMCs and had some BMCs that were
               | dead).
               | 
               | The hypervisor is certainly capable of killing an
               | instance instantly, but the preferred method is an
               | orderly shutdown. In the case of a reboot and a stop (and
               | a terminate where the EBS volume is not also deleted on
               | termination), it's preferred to avoid data corruption, so
               | the hypervisor attempts an orderly shutdown, then after a
               | timeout period, it will just kill it if the instance has
               | not already shutdown in an orderly manner.
               | 
               | Furthermore, there's a lot more complexity to the problem
               | than just "kill the guest". There are processes that
               | manage the connection to the EBS backend that provides
               | the interface for the EBS volume as well as apis and
               | processes to manage network interfaces, firewall rules,
               | monitoring, and a whole host of other things. If the
               | monitoring process gets stuck, it may not properly detect
               | an unhealthy host and external automated remediation may
               | not take action. Additionally, that same monitoring is
               | often responsible for individual instance health and
               | recovery (ie. auto-recover) and if it's not functioning
               | properly, it won't take remediation actions to kill the
               | instance and start it up elsewhere. Furthermore, the
               | hypervisor itself may not be properly responsive and a
               | call from the API won't trigger a shutdown action. If the
               | control plane and the data plane (in this case, that'd be
               | the hypervisor/host) are not syncing/communicating
               | (particularly on a stop or terminate), the API needs to
               | ensure that the state machine is properly preserved and
               | the instance is not running in two places at once. You
               | can then "force" stop or "force" terminate and/or the
               | control plane will update state in its database and the
               | host will sync later. There is a possibility of data
               | corruption or double send/receive data in a force case,
               | which is why it's not preferred. Also, after the timeout
               | (without the "force" flag), it will go ahead and mark it
               | terminated/stopped and will sync later, the "force" just
               | tells the control plane to do it immediately, likely
               | because you're not concerned with data corruption on the
               | EBS volume, which may be double-mounted if you start up
               | again and the old one is not fully terminated.
               | 
               | >The state machine for a cloud VM instance should have a
               | concept where all of the resources for an instance are
               | still held and being billed, but the instance is not
               | running. And one should be able to quickly transition
               | between this state and actually running, in both
               | directions.
               | 
               | It does have a concept where all resources are still held
               | and billed, except CPU and Memory. That's what a reboot
               | effectively does. Same with a stop (except you're not
               | billed for compute usage and network usage will obviously
               | be zero, but if you have an EIP, that would incur charges
               | still). The transition between stop and running is also
               | fast, the only delays incurred are via the control
               | plane...either via capacity constraints causing issues
               | placing an instance/VM or via the chosen host not
               | communicating properly...but in most cases, it is
               | generally a fast transition. I'm usually up and running
               | in under 20 seconds when I start up an existing instance
               | from a stopped state. There's also now a hibernate or
               | sleep state that the instance can be put into if it's
               | windows via the API where the instance acts just like a
               | sleep/hibernate state of a regular Windows machine.
               | 
               | >Also, there should be a way to force stop an instance
               | that is already stopping.
               | 
               | There is. I believe I referred to it in my initial
               | response. It's a flag you can throw in the
               | API/SDK/CLI/web console when you select "terminate" and
               | "stop". If the stop/terminate command don't execute in a
               | timely manner, you can call the same thing again with a
               | "force" flag and tell the control plane to forcefully
               | terminate, which marks the instance as terminated and
               | will asynchronously try to rectify state when the
               | hypervisor can execute commands. The control plane
               | updates the state (though, sometimes it can get stuck and
               | require remediation by someone with operator-level
               | access) and is notified that you don't care about data
               | integrity/orderly shutdown and will (once its updated the
               | state in the control plane and regardless of the state of
               | the data plane) mark it as "stopped" or "terminated".
               | Then, you can either start again, which should kick you
               | over to a different host (there are some exceptions) or
               | you can launch a new instance if you terminated and
               | attach an EBS volume (if you chose not to terminate the
               | EBS volume on termination) and retrieve data (or use the
               | data or whatever you were doing with that particular
               | volume).
               | 
               | Almost all of that information is actually in the public
               | docs. There was only a little bit of color about how the
               | backend operates that I added for color. There's hundreds
               | of programs that run to make sure the hypervisor and
               | control plane are both in sync and able to manage
               | resources and if just a few of them hang or are unable to
               | communicate or the system runs out of resources (more of
               | a problem on older, non-nitro hosts as that's a
               | completely different architecture with completely
               | different resource allocations), then the system can
               | become partially functional...enough so that remediation
               | automation won't step in or can't step in because other
               | guests appear to be functioning normally. There's many
               | different failure modes of varying degrees of "unhealthy"
               | and many of them are undetectable or need manual
               | remediation, but are statistically rare and by and large
               | most hosts operate normally. On a normally operating
               | host, forcing a shutdown/terminate works just fine and is
               | fast. Even when some programs that are managing the host
               | are not functioning properly,
               | launch/terminate/stop/start/attach/detach all tend to
               | continue to function (along with the "force" on detach,
               | terminate, stop), even if one or two functions of the
               | host are not functioning properly. It's also possible
               | (and has happened several times) where a particular
               | resource vector is not functioning properly, but the rest
               | of the host is fine. In that case, the particular vector
               | can be isolated and the rest of the host works just fine.
               | It's literally these tiny little edge cases that happen
               | maybe .5% of the time that cause things to move slower
               | and at scale, a normal host with a normal BMC would have
               | the same issues. Ie. I've had to clear stuck BMCs before
               | on those hosts. Also, I've dealt with completely dead
               | BMCs. When those states occur, if there's also a host
               | problem, remediation can't go in and remedy host-level
               | problems, which can lead to those control-plane delays as
               | well as the need to call a "force".
               | 
               | Conclusion: it may SEEM like it should be super easy, but
               | there's about a million different moving parts to cloud
               | vendors and it's not just as simple as kill it with fire
               | and vengeance (ie. quemu guest kill). BMCs and
               | hypervisors do have an instant kill switch (and guest
               | kill is used on the hypervisor as is a BMC power off in
               | the right remediation circumstances), but you're assuming
               | those things always work. BMCs fail. BMCs get stuck. You
               | likely haven't had the issue because you're not dealing
               | with enough scale. I've had to reset BMCs manually more
               | times than I can count and I've also dealt with more than
               | my fair share of dead ones. So, "power off immediately"
               | does not always work, which means a disconnect occurs
               | between the control plane and the data plane. There's
               | also delays in remediation actions that automation takes
               | to give enough time for things to respond to the given
               | commands, which leads to additional wait time.
        
               | amluto wrote:
               | I understand that this complexity exists. But in my
               | experience _with Google Compute_ , this isn't a 1%-of-
               | the-time problem with something getting stuck. It's a
               | "GCP lacks the capability" issue. Here's the API:
               | 
               | https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/i
               | nst...
               | 
               | AWS does indeed seem more enlightened:
               | 
               | https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/AP
               | I_S...
        
           | Twirrim wrote:
           | > apparently GCP cannot reliably "stop" a VM in a timely
           | manner.
           | 
           | In OCI we made a decision years ago that after 15 minutes
           | from sending an ACPI shutdown signal, the instance should be
           | hard powered off. We do the same for VM or BM. If you really
           | want to, we take an optional parameter on the shutdown and
           | reboot commands to bypass this and do an immediate hard power
           | off.
           | 
           | So worst case scenario here, 15 minutes to get it shut down
           | and be able to detach the boot volume to attach to another
           | instance.
        
             | jwrallie wrote:
             | I had this happen to one of my VMs, I was trying to compile
             | something and went out of memory, then tried to stop the VM
             | and it only came back after 15 min. I think it is a good
             | compromise, long enough to give a chance for a clean reboot
             | but short enough to prevent longer downtimes.
             | 
             | I'm just a free tier user but OCI is quite powerful. It
             | feels a bit like KDE to me where sometimes it takes a while
             | to find out where some option is, but I can always find it
             | somewhere, and in the end it beats feeling limited by lack
             | of options.
        
               | Twirrim wrote:
               | We've tried at shorter time periods, back in the earlier
               | days of our platform. Unfortunately what we've found is
               | that the few times we've tried to lower it from 15
               | minutes, we've ended up with Windows users experiencing
               | corrupt drives. Our best blind interpretation is that
               | some things common enough on Windows can take up to 14
               | minutes to shut down under worst circumstances. So 15
               | minutes it is!
        
           | pizza234 wrote:
           | Based on your description, AWS has another level of stop, the
           | "force stop", which one can use in such cases. I don't have
           | statistics on the time, so I don't know if that meets your
           | criteria of "timely", but I believe it's quick enough (sub-
           | minute, I think).
        
         | HelloNurse wrote:
         | Before reaching the "pushed out to every client without
         | authorization" stage, a kernel driver/module should have been
         | tested. Tested by Microsoft, not by "a third party security
         | vendor shitting in the kernel" that some criminally negligent
         | manager decided to trust.
        
           | teeheelol wrote:
           | Yeah we have a staging and test process where we run their
           | updated Falcon sensor releasees.
           | 
           | They shit all over our controls and went to production.
           | 
           | This says we don't control it and should not trust it. It is
           | being removed.
        
             | JonChesterfield wrote:
             | > It is being removed.
             | 
             | Congratulations on actually fixing the root cause, as
             | opposed to hand wringing and hoping they don't break you
             | again. I'm expecting "oh noes, better keep it on anyway to
             | be safe" to be the popular choice.
        
               | khrystoph wrote:
               | yeah, I agree. I think most places will at least keep it
               | until the existing contract comes time for renegotiation
               | and most will probably keep using cs.
               | 
               | It's far easier for IT departments to just keep using it
               | than it is to switch and managers will complain about
               | "the cost of migrating" and "the time to evaluate and
               | test a new solution" or "other products don't have
               | feature X that we need" (even when they don't need that
               | feature, but THINK they do).
        
           | Shorn wrote:
           | > Tested by Microsoft
           | 
           | MS don't have testers any more. Where do you think CS learned
           | their radically effective test-in-prod approach?
        
             | teeheelol wrote:
             | I think they learned it from Freedesktop developers.
        
           | nox101 wrote:
           | why would Microsoft be required to test some 3rd party
           | software? Maybe I mis-understood.
        
         | spectrumero wrote:
         | I always said if you want to create real chaos, don't write
         | malware. Get on the inside of a security product like this, and
         | push out a bad update, and you can take most of the world down.
        
         | Reason077 wrote:
         | > _"This is not a windows issue. This is a third party security
         | vendor shitting in the kernel."_
         | 
         | Sure, but Windows shares some portion of the blame for
         | _allowing_ third-party security vendors to "shit in the
         | kernel".
         | 
         | Compare to macOS which has banned third-party kernel extensions
         | on Apple Silicon. Things that once ran as kernel extensions,
         | including CrowdStrike, now run in userspace as "system
         | extensions".
        
           | deepsummer wrote:
           | ...but still, if the user space process is broken, MacOS will
           | fail as well. Maybe it's a bit easier to recover, but any
           | broken process with non-trivial privileges can interrupt the
           | whole system.
        
         | numbsafari wrote:
         | > This is not a windows issue.
         | 
         | Honest question, I've seen comments in these various threads
         | about people having similar issues (from a few months/weeks
         | back) with kernel extension based deployments of CrowdStrike on
         | Debian/Ubuntu systems.
         | 
         | I haven't seen anything similar regarding Mac OS, which no
         | longer allows kernel extensions.
         | 
         | Is Mac OS not impacted by these kinds of issues with
         | CrowdStrike's product, or have we just not heard about it due
         | to the small scale?
         | 
         | Personally, it's a shared responsibility issue. MS should build
         | a product that is "open to extension but closed for
         | modification".
         | 
         | > they pissed over everyone's staging and rules and just pushed
         | this to production.
         | 
         | I am guessing that act alone is going to create a massive
         | liability for CrowdStrike over this issue. You've made other
         | comments that your organization is actively removing
         | CrowdStrike. I'm curious how this plays out. Did CrowdStrike
         | just SolarWind themselves? Will we see their CISO/CTO/CEO do
         | time? This is just the first part of this saga.
        
           | teeheelol wrote:
           | The issue is where it is integrated. You could arguably
           | implement CrowdStrike in BPF on Linux. On NT they literally
           | hook NT syscalls in the kernel from a driver they inject into
           | kernel space which is much bad juju. As for macOS, you have
           | no access to the kernel.
           | 
           | There is no shared responsibility. CrowdStrike pushed a
           | broken driver out, then triggered the breakage, overriding
           | customer requirement and configuration for staging. It is a
           | faulty product with no viable security controls or testing.
        
             | meeper22 wrote:
             | Yep, it's extremely lame that CS has been pushing the
             | "Windows" narrative to frame it as a Windows issue in the
             | press, so everyone will just default blame Microsoft (which
             | everyone knows) and not Crowdstrike (which only IT/cybersec
             | people are familiar with).
             | 
             | And then you get midwits who blame Microsoft for allowing
             | kernel access in the first place. Yes Apple deprecated
             | kexts on macOS; that's a hell of a lot easier to do when
             | you control the entire hardware ecosystem. Go ahead and
             | switch to Apple then. If you want to build your own
             | machines or pick your hardware vendor, guess what, people
             | are going to need to write drivers, and they are probably
             | going to want kernel mode, and the endpoint security people
             | like CrowdStrike will want to get in there too because the
             | threat is there.
             | 
             | There's no way for Microsoft or Linux for that matter to
             | turn on a dime and deny kernel access to all the thousands
             | upon thousands of drivers and system software running on
             | billions of machines in billions of potential
             | configurations. That requires completely reworking the
             | system architecture.
        
               | numbsafari wrote:
               | > midwits
               | 
               | This midwit spent the day creating value for my customers
               | instead of spinning in my chair creating value for my
               | cardiologist.
               | 
               | Microsoft could provide adequate system facilities so
               | that customers can purchase products that do the job
               | without having the ability to crash the system this way.
               | They choose not to make those investments. Their
               | customers pay the price by choosing Microsoft. It's a
               | shared responsibility between the parties involved,
               | inclduing the customers that selected this solution.
               | 
               | We all make bad decisions like this, but until customers
               | start standing up for themselves with respect to
               | Microsoft, they are going to continue to have these
               | problems, and society is going to continue to pay the
               | price all around.
               | 
               | We can and should do better as an industry. Making
               | excuses for Microsoft and their customers doesn't get us
               | there.
        
               | sphar1970 wrote:
               | This midwit believes a half decent Operating System
               | kernel would have a change tracking system that can auto-
               | roll back a change/update that impacts the boot process
               | causing a BSOD. We see in Linux, multiple kernel boot
               | options, fail safe etc. It is trivial to code at the
               | kernel the introduction of driver / .sys tracking that
               | can detect a failed boot and revert to the previous good
               | config. A well designed kernel would have roll back, just
               | like SQL.
        
               | numbsafari wrote:
               | Not sure why you are being downvoted. Take a look at
               | ChromeOS and MacOS to see how those mechanisms are
               | implemented there.
               | 
               | They aren't perfect, but they are an improvement over
               | what is available on Windows. Microsoft needs to get
               | moving in this same direction.
        
               | teeheelol wrote:
               | Windows does have that and does do that. Crowdstrike does
               | stuff at UEFI level to install itself again.
        
         | Twirrim wrote:
         | > Most of our nodes are boot looping with blue screens which in
         | the cloud is not something you can just hit F8 and remove the
         | driver.
         | 
         | It took a bit to figure out with some customers, but we provide
         | optional VNC access to instances at OCI, and with VNC the trick
         | seems to be to hit esc and then F8, at the right stage in the
         | boot process. Timing seems to be the devil in the details
         | there, though. Getting that timing right is frustrating. People
         | seem to be developing a knack for it though.
        
         | sphar1970 wrote:
         | But it is Windows because the kernel should be able to roll
         | back a bad update, there should NEVER be BSODs.
        
           | teeheelol wrote:
           | Windows does do that. Crowdstrike sticks it back in at the
           | UEFI level by the looks, because you know, "security".
        
         | crustycoder wrote:
         | Although it's a .sys file, it's not a device driver.
         | 
         | "Although Channel Files end with the SYS extension, they are
         | not kernel drivers."
         | 
         | https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/technical-details-on-todays...
        
           | teeheelol wrote:
           | Yeah it's a way of delivering a payload to the driver, which
           | promptly crashed.
           | 
           | Which is horrible!
        
             | crustycoder wrote:
             | Horrible for sure, not least because hackers now know that
             | the channel file parser is fragile and perhaps exploitable.
             | I haven't seen any significant discussion about follow-on
             | attacks, it's all been about rolling back the config file
             | rather than addressing the root cause, which is the shonky
             | device driver.
        
         | willmadden wrote:
         | It's a shitty C++ hack job within CloudStrike with a null
         | pointer. Because the software has root access, Windows shuts it
         | down as a security precaution. A simple unit test would have
         | caught this, or any number of tools that look for null pointers
         | in C++, not even full QA. It's unbelievable incompetence.
        
       | jpl56 wrote:
       | Obligatory XKCD : dependency [0]
       | 
       | [0] https://xkcd.com/2347/
        
         | saagarjha wrote:
         | I assure you that Crowdstrike is being paid very well for their
         | software.
        
           | jpl56 wrote:
           | For sure, but Crowdstrike eventually hosts a subproject some
           | random person in nebraska has been thanklessly maintaining
           | since 2003 :p
        
       | esskay wrote:
       | Sitting in our work slack feeling pretty smug that I forced the
       | migration to only Linux servers and Linux or macOS work computers
       | now.
        
         | altdataseller wrote:
         | I dont understand? Linux servers dont need endpoint protection?
         | 
         | I venture the vast majority of servers with crowdstrike are
         | linux
        
           | kozziollek wrote:
           | I'm assuming Linux implementation is different and the bug is
           | not present there.
        
             | CaliforniaKarl wrote:
             | Yes. CrowdStrike for Linux has had bugs in the past,
             | though. This time the Windows version is affected.
        
           | drpossum wrote:
           | The bug only affects Windows machines
        
           | kasabali wrote:
           | > endpoint protection
           | 
           | That's a polite way to say malware
        
         | Medox wrote:
         | Until the VPN is affected by the Domain Controller that is on
         | Windows.
        
           | esskay wrote:
           | 100% nix based here so thankfully zero systems affected.
           | Everything from routers to devices, we have a total blanket
           | ban on any Windows based software.
        
       | pulkitsh1234 wrote:
       | Workaround steps:
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/crowdstrike/comments/1e6vmkf/commen...
        
         | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
         | > CrowdStrike Engineering has identified a content deployment
         | related to this issue and reverted those changes.
         | 
         | > Workaround Steps:
         | 
         | > Boot Windows into Safe Mode or the Windows Recovery
         | Environment
         | 
         | > Navigate to the C:\Windows\System32\drivers\CrowdStrike
         | directory
         | 
         | > Locate the file matching "C-00000291*.sys", and delete it.
         | 
         | > Boot the host normally.
        
           | tjoff wrote:
           | Was thinking about a bootable usb-stick that would do that
           | automagically. But I guess it is harder to boot from a usb-
           | stick in these environments than the actual fix.
           | 
           | I guess more feasible and even neater to do it if you have
           | network boot or similar.
        
         | entuno wrote:
         | There's potentially a huge issue here for people using
         | BitLocker with on-prem AD, because they'll need the BitLocker
         | recovery keys for each endpoint to go in an fix it.
         | 
         | And if all those recovery keys are stored in AD (as they
         | usually are), and the Domain Controllers all had Crowdstrike on
         | them...
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | Assuming that they also have a regular Bitlocker password,
           | there's hope with a bit manual effort.
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41003893
        
             | entuno wrote:
             | Most of the large deployments I've seen don't use pre-boot
             | PINs, because of the difficulty of managing them with users
             | - they just use TPM and occasionally network unlock.
             | 
             | So might save a few people, but I suspect not many.
        
               | mschuster91 wrote:
               | Yeah but TPM-only Bitlocker shouldn't be affected anyway
               | by this issue, these machines should start up just fine.
               | 
               | Whoever only has AD-based Bitlocker encryption is
               | straight up fucked. Man, and that on a Friday.
        
               | tjoff wrote:
               | That's the easy part? just do the domain controller
               | first?
        
           | hulitu wrote:
           | This is the best definition of "Single point of failure" i
           | have ever seen.
        
           | depr wrote:
           | Bitlocker keys are apparently not necessary:
           | https://x.com/AttilaBubby/status/1814216589559861673
        
             | tamimio wrote:
             | It might work on some machines, but doubt to work on the
             | rest. Worth the try.
        
           | mejs wrote:
           | I got around BitLocker and booted into safe mode by setting
           | automatic boot to safe mode via bcdedit
           | https://blog.vladovince.com/mitigating-the-crowdstrike-
           | outag...
        
         | commandersaki wrote:
         | So booting into safe mode should do the trick right, even if
         | Bitlocker is enabled?
        
         | higeorge13 wrote:
         | 2000s vibes.
        
         | sschueller wrote:
         | What if you have 50k workstations? Can you even do this
         | remotely?
         | 
         | The problem may be fixed but I can see some companies having a
         | really shit weekend.
        
       | jpl56 wrote:
       | Was watching TV this morning in France (TF1, 8:00 CET), the
       | weather forecast map system was out. The journalist just gave us
       | the information as if he was on the radio, telling he was sorry
       | for the system to be failing.
        
         | netsharc wrote:
         | They sponsor the Mercedes F1 team
         | https://crowdstrikeracing.com/f1/about-partnership/ , who have
         | a race this weekend and practice sessions today. It'd be funny
         | if their cars can't go on track because their computers are
         | down...
        
           | netsharc wrote:
           | They did go down! https://www.reddit.com/r/formula1/comments/
           | 1e71dtn/mercedes_...
           | 
           | But someone probably fixed it, and the cars were able to go
           | out on track for the first practice session.
        
       | shubhamjain wrote:
       | Naive question, if it's a blue screen of death with a boot loop,
       | how are they going to restore things? Don't tell me the answer is
       | going to every system manually.
        
         | chgs wrote:
         | Go to every system manually, boot to safe mode, rename the sys
         | files, run a fix.
         | 
         | Easier to just rebuild from the image. For every windows
         | machine your company has. lol.
        
         | CaliforniaKarl wrote:
         | Lots of systems (not all) are able to reboot, and have
         | CrowdStrike download the fix before the bad code is able to
         | crash things. But otherwise, yes, you have to go to systems
         | manually.
        
         | ogurechny wrote:
         | Well, it seems that Windows is not yet accessible remotely when
         | it crashes.
         | 
         | If system administrator had too much free time, and configured
         | every system to probe network on booting, and there is no
         | encryption, it is possible to boot from a minimal Linux image
         | with a script that automatically renames the driver and
         | restarts.
         | 
         | The corporate version of the same approach uses Intel AMT (or
         | however else it is called), but it is only available on
         | licensed hardware from big suppliers.
         | 
         | Otherwise, you can distribute flash drives with the same auto-
         | executing fix to everyone who is able to enter firmware setup,
         | and boot from USB. If it's not available for security reasons,
         | more manual work is required.
         | 
         | But what happens next? If Crowdstrike handled all the security
         | measures, and there was no additional firewall rules, address
         | checks, and so on, your network is now as open as it can be. I
         | suppose certain groups have been celebrating, and uploading
         | gigabytes of data from networks whose detection systems became
         | severed.
        
         | misswaterfairy wrote:
         | Going to every system manually, then delete a file via command
         | line in Windows' recovery environment.
        
         | muixoozie wrote:
         | Remote access control (e.g. iDRAC) or physical access.
        
       | mro_name wrote:
       | heavy clouds this morning.
       | 
       | Maybe time to reconsider how solid a ground clouds are.
        
         | ch_123 wrote:
         | Would this issue not affect bare metal as well?
        
       | berkaydumaner wrote:
       | Hi guys, what is the KB code of this update?
        
       | uitgewis wrote:
       | https://archive.is/AWVuv
        
       | r2vcap wrote:
       | This is why I don't use Windows and refuse any SWE jobs that
       | require Windows machines. Additionally, I believe kernel-level
       | game anti-cheat software should be banned.
        
       | clydethefrog wrote:
       | 10 hours ago someone posted a critical post about CrowdStrike on
       | the "wallstreetbets" subreddit.
       | 
       | https://old.reddit.com/r/wallstreetbets/comments/1e6ms9z/cro...
        
       | elorant wrote:
       | How can an antivirus update affect Azure's servers?
        
       | dboreham wrote:
       | TBF although I worried about this possibility the first time the
       | IT dude wandered into my office in 1989 holding a floppy he said
       | he wanted to put into all the PCs we had (we had no PCs), it has
       | actually taken a very long time for the shit to hit the fan.
        
       | nullify88 wrote:
       | The sheer coverage of this outage across multiple businesses and
       | industries, the impact must be greater than some of the malicious
       | cyber attacks from ransomware, worms etc.
        
       | fudged71 wrote:
       | This title doesn't nearly describe the breadth and severity of
       | the problem...
        
       | solidninja wrote:
       | Ah the "move fast and break things" philosophy gets a
       | demonstration.
        
         | topspin wrote:
         | That's misplaced. Windows is an ancient platform. CrowdStrike
         | is ubiquitous and routinely updated. There was no "move fast"
         | here, at least on the part of the people operating these
         | systems.
        
           | account42 wrote:
           | Pushing an update to all clients worldwide simultaneously
           | isn't "move fast"?
        
             | topspin wrote:
             | No. It's routine. They're not promulgating some fabulous
             | new invention. They're digital hall monitors, chasing bad
             | actors.
             | 
             | They're just bad at it.
        
       | endstart wrote:
       | The workaround suggests removing a file with .sys extension. What
       | does the file do normally? If removed, what happens to the state
       | of security on that system?
        
         | saagarjha wrote:
         | .sys files on Windows are typically drivers and driver-related
         | files
        
       | codeulike wrote:
       | Microsoft are going to be pissed that this is widely being
       | discussed as a Microsoft outage. Do AV vendors like Crowdstrike
       | need a license or something from Microsoft to push these kernal
       | driver based things? Or is it just like anyone can make one?
        
         | 1oooqooq wrote:
         | yes, and they have two. it is a windows problem.
        
       | scopeh wrote:
       | How many people still believe the "cloud" was worth it? Maybe we
       | should go back to the days of buying software and running it
       | ourselves with our own infrastructure.
       | 
       | I know, I'm dreaming.
        
       | ogurechny wrote:
       | They all should have used some expensive corporate-and-
       | government-level product that promises protection against exactly
       | that kind of large scale attack on infrastructure.
        
         | junto wrote:
         | I assume this is irony, since isn't Crowdstrike exactly that
         | these days?
        
         | illiac786 wrote:
         | Is it believed to be an attack? I only saw mention of a bug so
         | far.
        
       | fx1994 wrote:
       | That piece of "AV software" slowed down my brand new corporate i7
       | Lenovo to shit so I switched to M2 Pro. Best decision ever.
        
         | sensanaty wrote:
         | Until corporate decides to install new MDM software on the
         | usually-blazingly-fast apple silicon chips :(
         | 
         | I can't even open files larger than 500 lines without my whole
         | system slowing to a crawl because of the insanely aggressive
         | and slow "antivirus" bloatware the MDM forces on me.
        
           | qxmat wrote:
           | Their Windows sensor has made development almost unworkable.
           | Not sure why but I haven't noticed the OSX sensor slow things
           | down appreciably. I suspect my Windows profile is configured
           | to be more aggressive?
        
       | WatchDog wrote:
       | This was apparently caused by a faulty "channel file"[0], which
       | is presumably some kind of configuration database that the
       | software uses to identify malware.
       | 
       | So there wasn't any new kernel driver deployed, the existing
       | kernel driver just doesn't fail gracefully.
       | 
       | [0]: https://x.com/brody_n77/status/1814185935476863321
        
         | vesinisa wrote:
         | Why on earth don't they have staged rollouts for updates?
        
           | tehlike wrote:
           | Everytime i look into such catastrophic issues, it always
           | boils down to lack of robust canarying mechanisms.
           | 
           | They have enough client base that they can even run an A/B
           | test on the whole binary level, but no.
        
           | malkia wrote:
           | Also, why not have some sort of graceful degradation (well
           | kind of), like: OS Boots, loads CS driver, the driver loads
           | some new feature/config, and before/after new recent thing
           | ("runtime flag") marked whether it successfully worked, and
           | if not on the next reboot that thing gets either disabled, or
           | the previous known good config (obviously some combination of
           | things might cause another issue), but instead of blindly
           | rebooting to the same state....
        
             | ta345346633 wrote:
             | I think pfsense does this (from memory, been a while using
             | it). Basically dual-partitions, and if it failed to come up
             | on the active partition after an update it'd revert.
             | Granted you need to have the space to have two partitions,
             | but for a small partition/image not so bad.
             | 
             | What surprises me is if its a content update, and the code
             | fell over when dealing with it - just basically bad release
             | engineering isn't it not to cater for that in the first
             | place? i.e. some tests in the pipeline before releasing the
             | content update would've picked it up given it sounds like
             | 100% failure rates.
        
             | butlike wrote:
             | The problem space kind of dictates that this couldn't be a
             | solution, cause malware could load an arbitrary
             | feature/config and mark it as 0, then the AV would be
             | disabled on next boot, right?
        
               | malkia wrote:
               | fair point indeed!
        
           | averageRoyalty wrote:
           | More importantly, why are CS customers not validating?
           | Upstream patches should be treated as faulty/malicious if not
           | tested to show otherwise, especially if they're kernel level.
        
           | callalex wrote:
           | Why put effort in engineering when you can just fear monger
           | in marketing and buy politicians in sales?
        
       | roschdal wrote:
       | USA can no longer be trusted to supply import technology for the
       | world.
        
       | pjmlp wrote:
       | Yet another good example why liability in software should already
       | be a common thing.
        
       | patates wrote:
       | This company has post-apocalyptic style photos to make you panic-
       | buy their solution.
       | 
       | https://ibb.co/Bc6n527
       | 
       | "62 minutes could bring your business down"
       | 
       | I guess they could bring all the businesses down much quicker.
       | 
       | edit: link https://www.crowdstrike.com/en-us/#teaser-79minutes-
       | adversar...
        
         | hulitu wrote:
         | > "62 minutes could bring your business down"
         | 
         | > I guess they could bring all the businesses down much
         | quicker.
         | 
         | It is because the buyer does not get the message. And, when
         | they get it, it is too late.
        
         | sofixa wrote:
         | And for much longer.
        
         | briankelly wrote:
         | Boy, that is some corny branding.
        
           | bob1029 wrote:
           | I agree but I've also personally witnessed how effective this
           | crap is on a certain cohort of IT managers. You can see the 3
           | or 4 gears grinding together in their head... something like
           | "oh my goodness look at all the things I get for one purchase
           | order!".
        
             | briankelly wrote:
             | I could certainly see that! Haha.
        
         | joenot443 wrote:
         | Their "Statement" is remarkably aloof for having brought down
         | flights, hospitals, and 911 services.
         | 
         | "The issue has been identified, isolated and a fix has been
         | deployed."
         | 
         | Maybe I'm misunderstanding what I read elsewhere, but is the
         | machine not BSODing upon boot, prior to a Windows Update
         | service being able to run? The "fix" I see on reddit is
         | roughly:
         | 
         | Workaround Steps:
         | 
         | 1. Boot Windows into Safe Mode or the Windows Recovery
         | Environment
         | 
         | 2. Navigate to the C:\Windows\System32\drivers\CrowdStrike
         | directory
         | 
         | 3. Locate the file matching "C-00000291*.sys", and delete it.
         | 
         | I'm horrified at the thought of tens of thousands of novice
         | Windows users digging through System32 to delete driver files;
         | can someone set my mind at ease and assure me this will
         | eventually be fixed in an automated fashion?
         | 
         | https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/statement-on-windows-sensor...
        
           | gulbanana wrote:
           | It cannot and will not be fixed in an automated fashion.
        
             | aaronmdjones wrote:
             | Of course it can be fixed in an automated fashion; it just
             | requires effort. The machines should have netboot enabled
             | so that new validated operating system images can be pushed
             | to them anyway, so you just write a netboot script to mount
             | the filesystem and delete the file, then tell the netboot
             | server that you're done so it doesn't give you the same
             | script again when it reboots.
             | 
             | It's like two hours of work with dnsmasq and a minimal
             | Linux ISO. The only problem is that much of the work is not
             | shareable between organisations; network structures differ,
             | architectures may differ, partition layout may differ, the
             | list of assets (and their MAC addresses) will differ.
             | 
             | Edit: + individual organisations won't be storing their
             | BitLocker recovery keys in the same manner as each other
             | either. You did back up the recovery keys when you enabled
             | BitLocker, right? Modern cryptsetup(8) supports a BITLK
             | extension for unlocking said volumes with a recovery key.
             | Again, this can be scripted.
        
               | csomar wrote:
               | If the affected organizations had such an organized
               | setup, they probably won't need crowdstrike in the first
               | place. The product is made so that companies that don't
               | understand (and won't invest) in security can just check
               | that box by installing the software. Everyone is okay
               | with this.
        
               | csomar wrote:
               | > so you just write a netboot script to mount the
               | filesystem and delete the file
               | 
               | Because writing such a script (that mounts the filesystem
               | and delete a file) under stress and time constraint is a
               | great idea? That's a recipe for a worse disaster. The
               | best solution, for now, is to go PC by PC manually. The
               | sole reason the situation is as is was the lack of
               | backstage testing.
        
           | wesmin wrote:
           | Good luck to Joe Schmoe in the IT dept who has to do this
           | over and over flawlessly
        
           | andrybak wrote:
           | > Their "Statement" is remarkably aloof for having brought
           | down flights, hospitals, and 911 services.
           | 
           | Their lawyers certainly won't allow mentioning such dramatic
           | (is "dramatic" appropriate here?) consequences.
        
           | hskalin wrote:
           | And I guess if they use bitlocker then they need to enter the
           | key as well? Imagine doing that to thousands of computers
        
             | e40 wrote:
             | The 1000's of laptops my wife's work uses are bitlockered.
             | I went to fix the issue, when I found that out. I wonder if
             | they will be giving out the keys or if IT will require
             | hands on to those laptops to fix it.... what a shitshow.
        
           | throwawaysleep wrote:
           | > I'm horrified at the thought of tens of thousands of novice
           | Windows users digging through System32 to delete driver
           | files; can someone set my mind at ease and assure me this
           | will eventually be fixed in an automated fashion?
           | 
           | Nope. Both my orgs (+2000 each) have sent out a Google doc to
           | personal emails on using CMD Prompt to delete that file.
           | 
           | Anyone with technical experience is being drafted to get on
           | calls and help people manually delete this file.
        
             | e40 wrote:
             | So no bitlocker on the system?
        
       | Jyaif wrote:
       | My employers pays Crowdstrike to double my build times. Quite
       | astounding really.
        
       | guenthert wrote:
       | afaiu google (and I presume other operators of large number of
       | computers) deploy updates to their software first to a small set
       | of nodes and only if after a given time the update has been
       | deemed successful, continue to update an increasingly larger set
       | til complete.
       | 
       | Isn't this done as well with automatic updates of end user
       | software or embedded systems and if not, why not?
        
       | ivxvm wrote:
       | Things like hospitals, airlines, 911, should have multiple
       | systems with different software stacks and independent backends
       | running in-parallel, so that when one infra goes down they can
       | switch to another.
        
         | judgementalfish wrote:
         | There is an enormous cost associated with the kind of
         | redundancy you're talking about. Capitalism prevents us from
         | being set up in the way you're describing. Why invest in
         | company A if company B can run the same business with half the
         | operational expenses? Shareholder profit above all.
        
           | SkyBelow wrote:
           | Is company B allowed to take the full brunt of all the
           | problems when there is a failure, or does government protect
           | it by limiting damages? If company B's cheaper choice leads
           | to harm and lets people and estates sue company B into the
           | ground, then company A is a safer investment even if it has
           | lower returns. If government interaction limits such recovery
           | options, then that is what leads to company B's higher
           | returns not also having higher risks, so they'll be the
           | better investment. But that is a result of government
           | intervention, not the economic system in play.
        
         | tflinton wrote:
         | For some areas of our critical systems we have three
         | independent software groups program the same exact system on
         | different infrastructure. Just for moments like these...
        
       | lucasRW wrote:
       | Good day for OSINTers, APTs, redteamers, to find out who uses
       | Crowdstrike on their endpoints.
        
       | gnuser wrote:
       | dumb techbro c-suites: what, why would you have an issue with a
       | proprietary closed source app that frequently self updates and
       | sends tons of data to a third party while essentially being a
       | backdoor? We said we wanted security and this has Security(tm)
       | all over the literature! Look we even have dashboards for the
       | gui-ninjas like the security team!
        
         | attentive wrote:
         | It's backdoor as a feature. It even has a cute name -
         | "CrowdStrike Real Time Response".
        
       | AndyMcConachie wrote:
       | Finally the crowd has struck!
       | 
       | ba-dum ching!
        
       | commercialnix wrote:
       | All my customers endpoints are on Linux based endpoints. Because
       | our users' Windows apps run in vdi with disposable instances
       | based off snapshots and highly restrictive networking on the
       | Linux endpoints, none of our users are effected.
       | 
       | Running Windows on bare-metal was always obviously very stupid.
       | The consequences of such stupidity are just being felt now.
        
       | dmarble wrote:
       | Plot twist: The * in C-00000291*.sys is "-block-ultron"
       | 
       | Premature deployment of Crowdstrike AGI disaster response plan.
        
       | KingOfCoders wrote:
       | All down had no backup plan.
        
       | pharos92 wrote:
       | 1. This is why kernel modules are a bad idea 2. This is why
       | centralism is a bad idea 3. This is why sacrificing stability for
       | security is a bad idea 4. Security still needs to factor in
       | security of supply - not just data safety
        
         | imdsm wrote:
         | Centralisation in a nutshell. Monopolies so big that they
         | become globally fragile. CloudFlare outages break a lot of the
         | internet, and now we can see, Windows-based updates bricking
         | machines across the world.
         | 
         | We've all pushed bad updates but how was this not tested?
        
       | 2-3-7-43-1807 wrote:
       | i've never heard of crowdstrike ever but it (co-)runs half of the
       | essential IT infrastructure, worldwide?
       | 
       | (also, great choice of name i must say)
        
         | 42lux wrote:
         | I only know them because their CEO is a relatively good amateur
         | racing driver lol.
        
           | 2-3-7-43-1807 wrote:
           | seems like he's also a relatively good amateur kernel driver
           | developer - or at least his team is
           | 
           | and he's the former CTO of mcafee?
        
       | badrabbit wrote:
       | Their stock price will suffer but they can waive license fees for
       | a year or so for every endpoint affected (~$50).
       | 
       | They better pin this on a rogue employee, but even then, force
       | pushing updates shouldn't be in their capability at all! They
       | must guarantee removal of that capability.
       | 
       | Lawsuits should be interesting. They offer(ed?) $1 mil breach
       | insurance to their customers, so if they were to pay only that
       | much per customer this might be compensation north of $10B. But
       | to be honest, wouldn't surprise me if they can pay up without
       | going bankrupt.
       | 
       | The sad situation is, as twitter people were pointing out, IT
       | teams will use this to push back against more agents for a long
       | time to come. But in reality, these agents are very important.
       | 
       | Crowdstrike Falcon alone is probably the single biggest security
       | improvement any company can make and there is hardly any
       | competition. This could have been any security vendor, the impact
       | is so widespread because of how widely used they are, but there
       | is a reason why they are so widely used to begin with.
       | 
       | Oh and just fyi, the mitigation won't leave you unprotected, when
       | you boot normal, the userspace exe's will replace it with a fixed
       | version.
        
         | InsideOutSanta wrote:
         | > the single biggest security improvement
         | 
         | Clearly not, unless you don't count a world-wide economic and
         | societal disruption of unprecedented scale a security incident.
         | 
         | > This could have been any security vendor
         | 
         | ...that apparently deploys Kernel Extensions to millions of
         | Windows devices at once, without any staggering.
         | 
         | > there is a reason why they are so widely used to begin with
         | 
         | Because companies need to check a box, and purchasing
         | CrowdStrike checks that box.
        
         | akho wrote:
         | > Crowdstrike Falcon
         | 
         | "Cybersecurity's AI-native platform for the XDR era".
         | 
         | I hope there's a blockchain somewhere in it.
        
       | _kb wrote:
       | Assuming this event itself isn't malicious, what an excellent POC
       | for something that is. I sure hope every org out there with this
       | level of market reach has good security in place. It's certainly
       | going to be getting some probing after this.
        
       | nyx_land wrote:
       | worded badly whatever
        
         | rfoo wrote:
         | Because it's not a Windows update.
        
         | dbbk wrote:
         | Because it's not a Windows update perhaps
        
         | smokel wrote:
         | _> worded badly whatever_
         | 
         | I feel your pain. Perhaps it is time to increase the karma
         | level required for downvoting.
        
       | dark-star wrote:
       | That's what you get for letting a company install a root kit on
       | your servers and desktops ;-)
       | 
       | I mean, don't they do canary updates on CrowdStrike too? Every
       | Windows admin has done this for the last 5+ years, test Windows
       | updates on a small number of systems to see if they are stable.
       | Why not do the same for 3rd party software?
        
       | kingkongjaffa wrote:
       | It's kind of surprising so much infra was using windows servers
       | or windows cloud VMs for these things. I assumed these systems
       | would all be Linux VMS in Azure/AWS/GCP at this point.
       | 
       | on https://azure.status.microsoft/en-gb/status the message is
       | currently:
       | 
       | > We have been made aware of an issue impacting Virtual Machines
       | running Windows Client and Windows Server, running the
       | CrowdStrike Falcon agent, which may encounter a bug check (BSOD)
       | and get stuck in a restarting state.
        
         | junto wrote:
         | Welcome to the enterprise. Where "lift and shift" was sold to
         | corporate CTO's as better than maintaining their own IT
         | infrastructure.
        
       | patates wrote:
       | This company has post-apocalyptic style photos to make you panic-
       | buy their solution.
       | 
       | https://ibb.co/Bc6n527
       | 
       | "62 minutes could bring your business down"
       | 
       | I guess they could bring all the businesses down much quicker.
       | 
       | https://www.crowdstrike.com/en-us/#teaser-79minutes-adversar...
       | 
       | (Repeating my comment because other story is duped)
        
         | dang wrote:
         | > (Repeating my comment because other story is duped)
         | 
         | Please don't do this! It makes merging threads a pain. It's
         | better to let us know at hn@ycombinator.com and then we'll
         | merge the threads so your comment shows up in the main one.
        
           | patates wrote:
           | I'm so sorry, TIL.
        
       | Thorentis wrote:
       | Perversely, this may make many companies no longer invest in this
       | type of cyber security software. Which may lead to a whole host
       | of other problems...
        
       | mnau wrote:
       | Yeah, these events will be fun once new product liability
       | directive (that includes sw) comes into force.
        
       | nynyny7 wrote:
       | Crowdstrike marketing slogan on their website: "A radical new
       | approach proven to stop breaches". I'll give them that: Putting
       | all Windows computers within a company into an endless BSOD loop
       | is a very radical approach to stop breaches. :)
        
         | CoastalCoder wrote:
         | "We breach your systems to hackers _can 't_!"
        
       | tm-guimaraes wrote:
       | How does such a huge company do "full deploys" like this? At this
       | number of endpoints, only a few % should have been updated (and
       | faced the problems) before a full rolout
       | 
       | This is not a small startup with some SaaS, these guys are in
       | most computers of too many huge companies. Not rolling out the
       | updates to everyone at the same time seems just too obvious
        
         | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
         | This incident definitely makes a good case for staggered
         | deploys of patches.
        
       | dorkwood wrote:
       | Is this something that could be solved by building AI code review
       | directly into git clients? I can't help thinking Claude 3 would
       | have caught this.
        
         | machinekob wrote:
         | Yes AI already solved it, my god why people are so high on
         | LLM's solving everything
        
         | redrove wrote:
         | LMAO
         | 
         | Yeah let's throw an LLM at the C++ kernel driver and auto-push
         | to prod
        
         | tslocum wrote:
         | Poe's law in action.
        
       | tehlike wrote:
       | Rolling out updates in an A/B test slowly is the only way to
       | reduce the occurrence of such issues _significantly_. There's no
       | other way, literally, nothing.
        
       | alibarber wrote:
       | I have been told 'not to worry' because it isn't a cyber attack.
       | Yet the outcomes we are seeing feel a lot like the doomsday
       | predictions of what a cyberattack would do. It is almost as if we
       | are experiencing the cybersecurity/warfare equivalent of
       | 'friendly fire'.
        
       | elorant wrote:
       | For years now antivirus solutions have ridiculous amount of
       | control over the OS. I accidentally installed an adware antivirus
       | the other day that was bundled-up with a third party software,
       | and I had to boot to Linux to manage to completely remove the
       | damn thing from Windows. The uninstall option left a process
       | running that couldn't be forcefully killed.
       | 
       | Microsoft needs to take control and forbid anyone and anything
       | from running software with that kind of behavior.
        
       | simonjgreen wrote:
       | CrowdStrike should have learned the lesson from the more seasoned
       | players in the industry to slow roll their updates and observe.
        
       | echoangle wrote:
       | Why would they roll out this update globally to all users
       | immediately? Isn't it normal to do gradual rollouts? Or did this
       | update contain some critical security fix they wanted everyone to
       | have as fast as possible?
        
       | madisp wrote:
       | if I'm reading this correctly the short interest for the stock
       | doubled over June? :)
       | 
       | https://www.nasdaq.com/market-activity/stocks/crwd/short-int...
        
       | nicholasbraker wrote:
       | This article seems more relevant than ever and was posted a few
       | days ago: https://ea.rna.nl/2024/07/12/no-it-really-no-i-t/
        
       | pxc wrote:
       | Vendors of tools like this drive the cybersecurity industry
       | discourse, so 'defense in depth' often practically sorta means
       | 'add more software that does more things'.
       | 
       | But maybe this kind of thing can actually impart the lesson that
       | loading your OS up with always-on, internet-connected agents that
       | include kernel components in order to instrument every little
       | thing any program does on the system is, uh, kinda risky.
       | 
       | But maybe not. I wonder if we'll just see companies flock to
       | alternative vendors of the exact same type of product.
        
       | zmmmmm wrote:
       | So CrowdStrike is deployed as third party software into the
       | critical path of mission critical systems and then left to update
       | itself. It's easy to blame CrowdStrike but that seems too easy on
       | both the orgs that do this but also the upstream forces that
       | compel them to do it.
       | 
       | My org which does mission critical healthcare just deployed
       | ZScaler on every computer which is now in the critical path of
       | every computer starting up and then in the critical path of every
       | network connection the computer makes. The risk of ZScaler being
       | a central point of failure is not considered. But - the risk of
       | failing the compliance checkbox it satisfies is paramount.
       | 
       | All over the place I'm seeing checkbox compliance being
       | prioritised above actual real risks from how the compliance is
       | implemented. Orgs are doing this because they are more scared of
       | failing an audit than they are of the consequences failure of the
       | underlying systems the audits are supposed to be protecting. So
       | we need to hold regulatory bodies accountable as well - when they
       | frame regulation such that organisations are cornered into this
       | they get to be part of the culpability here too.
        
         | SuperSandro2000 wrote:
         | Sounds familiar
        
         | RedShift1 wrote:
         | Don't put your eggs in one basket, I use multiple anti-virus
         | products so that if one blows up at least not all computers are
         | affected. Looks like my old wisdom is still new wisdom.
         | 
         | Clarification: I mean that every computer has one anti-virus
         | product, but not every computer has the same anti-virus
         | product. I'm not installing multiple anti-virus products on the
         | same computer.
        
           | cqqxo4zV46cp wrote:
           | This is much easier applied personally than it is to a 30k
           | person organisation. No need to be condescending.
        
             | Twisell wrote:
             | In both case it's costly.
             | 
             | But cost of maintenance aside it wouldn't be that bad to
             | deploy each half the fleet with two distincts EDR.
             | 
             | This is actually implicitly in place for big companies that
             | support BYOD. If half your fleet is on Windows another 40%
             | on MacOs and 10% on Linux you need distinct EDR solutions
             | and a single issue can't affect all your fleet at once.
        
           | NDizzle wrote:
           | You use multiple anti-virus products. Let's assume you use 3.
           | Do you have multiple clusters of machines, each running their
           | own AV product, so in case one has this problem the other two
           | are unaffected?
           | 
           | How much overhead are we talking about here? Because if
           | you're just using multiple AV software installed on one
           | machine, 1) holy shit, the performance penalty, 2) you'd
           | still be impacted by this, as CS would have taken it down.
        
             | mschuster91 wrote:
             | Not the person you're replying to, but in any reasonable
             | organization with automated software deployment it should
             | be easy to pool machines into groups, so you can make sure
             | that each department has at least one machine that uses a
             | different anti-virus software.
             | 
             | Bonus, in case you do catch a malware, chances are higher
             | that one of the three products you use will flag it.
        
               | NDizzle wrote:
               | Again, "should be" academic stuff.
               | 
               | So you have multiple AV products and you target those
               | groups. You have those groups isolated on their own
               | networks, right? With all the overhead that comes with
               | strict firewall rules and transmission policies between
               | various services on each one. With redundant services on
               | each network... you've doubled or tripled your network
               | device costs solely to isolate for anti virus software.
               | So if only one thing finds the zero day network based
               | virus, it won't propagate to the other networks that
               | haven't been patched against this zero day thing.
               | 
               | How far down the rabbit hole do we want to go? If you
               | assume many companies are doing this kind of thing, or
               | even a double digit percentage of companies, I have bad
               | news for you.
        
             | ta1243 wrote:
             | They surely mean that all odd number assets are running
             | crowdstrike and even are running sential-one (or similar,
             | %3, %4, etc etc). At least then you only lose half your
             | estate.
        
               | RedShift1 wrote:
               | Yes each computer has only one anti-virus installed, it's
               | basically a random distribution among the estate.
        
               | NDizzle wrote:
               | I have never seen a company that uses multiple AV
               | products rolled out to user machines, ever. Sure, when
               | you transition from one product to another, but across
               | the whole company, at the same time? Never... I have also
               | never seen a distribution of something like active
               | directory servers based on antivirus software. I think
               | these stories are purely academic, "why didn't you
               | just..." tall tales.
        
               | ta1243 wrote:
               | Mine certainly does, our key windows based control
               | systems use windows defender, the corporate crap gets
               | sentinal one and zscaler and whatever else has been
               | bought on a whim.
               | 
               | I'd assumed that any essential company would be similar.
               | OK if your purchasing systems for your hospital are down
               | for a couple of days it's a pain. If you can't get x-rays
               | it's a catastrophe.
               | 
               | If half your x-ray machines are down and half are up,
               | then it's a pain, but you can prioritise.
               | 
               | But lots of companies like a single supplier. Ho hum.
        
             | RedShift1 wrote:
             | Basically every machine gets a randomly picked anti-virus
             | suite assigned at deployment. I'm not running multiple AV
             | products on one machine.
        
           | xorcist wrote:
           | Not sure that's a great idea. This stuff tends to have very
           | high privilege access.
           | 
           | It's enough that _one_ of your anti virus vendors get hacked
           | for your whole organization to get owned...
        
             | interludead wrote:
             | I see one main challenge - it can increase the incidence of
             | false positives.
        
           | fire_lake wrote:
           | If you have all of them on a critical path then your risk of
           | blow up increases!
        
           | Lovesong wrote:
           | Was there any situation where having 3 anti-virus was more
           | beneficial than having only 2?
        
             | ben_w wrote:
             | I'm reading this as first third of computers have AV brand
             | A, second third have brand B, remainder have brand C.
             | 
             | Thus, if brand A does something actively harmful all by
             | itself, only 1/3rd of machines are impacted.
             | 
             | This is an improvement on having only 2 brands, as having
             | 1/3rd of your machines go down is better than having 1/2 of
             | your machines go down.
        
           | interludead wrote:
           | Indeed a wise strategy
        
         | baxtr wrote:
         | hey, but at least (a) we have a process (b) we documented it
         | and (c) we review it regularly!
         | 
         | what can go wrong?!
        
           | rubatuga wrote:
           | There should be a new term called compliance hell.
        
             | c0l0 wrote:
             | The term already exists, but the "hell" is mostly silent
             | (even in writing).
        
               | baxtr wrote:
               | Is there a process for that??
        
         | theallan wrote:
         | The flip side is, if you don't do auto updates and an exploit
         | is published and used against you and you haven't yet tested /
         | pushed the patch, that you would have been protected against if
         | it had auto updated, you are up the creak without a paddle in
         | that situation as well.
         | 
         | To some degree you have to trust the software you are using not
         | to mess things up.
        
           | cqqxo4zV46cp wrote:
           | Yes. And the vast majority of the time, it doesn't mess
           | things up.
           | 
           | The notion that you may take on risk to net alleviate risk is
           | somehow lost on a lot of people in these conversations.
        
           | zmmmmm wrote:
           | So since I do mission critical healthcare I do run into this
           | concept. But it's not as unresolvable as you portray.
           | Consider for example HIPAA "break the glass" requirement. It
           | says that whatever else you implement in terms of security
           | you _must_ implement a bypass that can be activated by
           | routinely non-authorised staff to access health information
           | if someone 's life is in danger.
           | 
           | Similarly, when I questioned, "why can't users turn off
           | ZScaler in an emergency" we were told that it wouldn't be
           | compliant. But it's completely implementable at a technical
           | level (Zscaler even supports this). You give users a code to
           | use in an emergency and they can activate it and it will be
           | logged and reviewed after use. But the org is too scared of
           | compliance failure to let users do it.
        
             | jenscow wrote:
             | While I agree with the requirement, but it sounds like a
             | vault would need to have an unlocked door with a sign.
        
               | ivan_gammel wrote:
               | A vault with firearms in the police station to which
               | every staff member has a key. Sounds reasonable to me.
               | 
               | Users are not prisoners left in the burning building
               | without a fire escape.
        
               | tux3 wrote:
               | Well, if the vault says you have COPD, and the devious
               | bank robber is interested in your continued breathing,
               | perhaps we can just review the footage after the fact.
               | 
               | This is one of those cases where you _don 't disable
               | emergency systems to defend against rogue employees_. If
               | people abuse emergency procedures, you let the legal
               | system sort it out.
        
             | ben_w wrote:
             | > It says that whatever else you implement in terms of
             | security you must implement a bypass that can be activated
             | by routinely non-authorised staff to access health
             | information if someone's life is in danger.
             | 
             | Huh.
             | 
             | I can see why this needs to exist, but hadn't thought of it
             | before. Same deal as cryptography and law-enforcement
             | backdoors.
             | 
             | > logged and reviewed after use
             | 
             | I was going to ask how this has protection from mis-use.
             | 
             | Seems good to me... but then I don't, not really, not
             | deeply, not properly, _feel_ medical privacy. To me,
             | violation of that privacy is clearly rude, but how the bar
             | raises from  "rude" to "illegal" is a perceptual gap where,
             | although I see the importance to others, I don't really
             | feel it myself.
             | 
             | So it seems good enough to me, but am I right or is this an
             | imagination failure on my part? Is that actually good
             | enough?
             | 
             | I don't think cryptography in general can use that,
             | unfortunately. A simple review process can be too slow for
             | the damage in other cases.
        
         | tempaway4575144 wrote:
         | You are completely right. BTW It wasn't a software update, it
         | was a content update, a 'channel file'. Someone didn't do
         | enough testing. edit: or any testing at all?
         | 
         | https://x.com/George_Kurtz/status/1814235001745027317
         | 
         | https://x.com/brody_n77/status/1814185935476863321
        
           | Shank wrote:
           | It's an automatic update of the product. Semantic "channel
           | vs. binary" doesn't indicate anything. If your software's
           | definition files can cause a kernel mode driver to crash in a
           | bootloop you have bigger problems, but the outcome is the
           | same as if the driver itself was updated.
        
             | tempaway4575144 wrote:
             | Indeed. Its worse really, it means there was a bug lurking
             | in their product that was waiting for a badly formatted
             | file to surface it. Given how widespread the problem is it
             | also means they are pushing these files out without basic
             | testing.
             | 
             | edit: It will be very interesting to see how CrowdStrike
             | wriggle out of the obvious conclusion that their company no
             | longer deserves to exist after a f*k up like this.
        
               | account42 wrote:
               | Simple: They are obviously too big to fail now.
        
               | tempaway4575144 wrote:
               | "Too big to uninstall" is a thing I guess
        
           | morpheuskafka wrote:
           | That's even worse---they should be fuzz testing with bad
           | definitions files to make sure this is safe. Inevitably the
           | definitions updates will be rushed out to address zero days
           | and the work should be done ahead of time to make them safe.
        
             | tux3 wrote:
             | Having spent time reverse-engineering Crowdstrike Falcon, a
             | lot of funny things can happen if you feed it bad input.
             | 
             | But I suspect they don't have much motivation to make the
             | sensor resilient to fuzzing, since the thing's a remote
             | shell anyways, so they must think that all inputs are
             | absolutely trusted (i.e. if any malicious packet can reach
             | the sensor, your attackers can just politely ask to run
             | arbitrary commands, so might as well assume the sensor will
             | never see bad data..)
        
               | GONE_KLOUT wrote:
               | Please more details. What do you mean with "is a remote
               | shell anyways"? thanks!
        
               | baq wrote:
               | It's an interface to the ring 0 kernel module. Everything
               | is a remote shell if it can talk to ring 0.
        
               | tux3 wrote:
               | Falcon has a feature called "Real Time Response". The
               | sensor is in contact with a server with which it
               | exchanges events serialized in protobuf.
               | 
               | One of the event you can get from the Crowdstrike server
               | runs an arbitrary shell command.
               | 
               | https://www.crowdstrike.com/tech-hub/endpoint-
               | security/the-p...
        
               | mdip wrote:
               | At a former employer of about 15K employees, two tools
               | come to mind that allowed us to do this on every Windows
               | host on our network[0].
               | 
               | It's an absolute necessity: you can manage Windows
               | updates and a limited set of other updates via things
               | like WSUS. Back when I was at this employer, Adobe Flash
               | and Java plug-in attacks were our largest source of
               | infection. The only way to reliably get those updates
               | installed was to configure _everything_ to run the
               | installer if an old version was detected, and then find
               | some other ways to get it to run.
               | 
               | To do this, we'd often resort to scripts/custom apps just
               | to detect the installation correctly. Too often a machine
               | would be vulnerable but something would keep it from
               | showing up on various tools that limit checks to
               | "Add/Remove Programs" entries or other mechanisms that
               | might let a browser plug-in slip through, so we'd resort
               | various methods all the way down to "inspecting the drive
               | directory-by-directory" to find offending libraries.
               | 
               | We used a similar capability all the way back in the
               | NIMDA days to deploy an in-house removal tool[1]
               | 
               | [0] Symantec Endpoint Protection and System Center
               | Configuration Manager
               | 
               | [1] I worked at a large telecom at that time -- our IPS
               | devices crashed our monitoring tool when the malware that
               | immediately followed NIMDA landed. The result was a
               | coworker and I dissecting/containing it and providing the
               | findings to Trend Micro (our A/V vendor at the time)
               | maybe 30 minutes before the news started breaking and
               | several hours before they had anything that could detect
               | it on their end.
        
               | blacklion wrote:
               | How can THIS pass any sane Audit?!
               | 
               | Like, <<We require that your employees opens only links
               | on white list, and social networks cannot be put on this
               | list, and we require managed antivirus / firewall
               | solution, but we are Ok that this solution has backdoor
               | directly for 3rd party organization>>?
               | 
               | It is crazy. All these PCI DSS and SOC2 looks like a
               | comedy if they allow such things.
        
               | jasonladuke0311 wrote:
               | At ring 0 I assume. Not that it would matter, I imagine
               | privesc would be fairly trivial.
        
               | attentive wrote:
               | it's a root-kit with RCE and C&C is CS headquarters.
        
               | weinzierl wrote:
               | _" that all inputs are absolutely trusted"_
               | 
               | This is something funny to say when the inputs contain
               | malware signatures, which are essentially determined by
               | the malware itself.
               | 
               | I mean, how hard would it be to craft a malware that has
               | the same signature as an important system file?
               | Preferably one that doesn't cause immediate havoc when
               | quarantined, just a BSOD after reboot, so it slips
               | through QA.
               | 
               | Even if the signature is not completely predictable, the
               | bad guys can try as often as they want and there would
               | not even be way to detect these attempts.
        
               | lmm wrote:
               | > malware signatures, which are essentially determined by
               | the malware itself.
               | 
               | No they're not. The tool vendor decides the signature,
               | they pick something characteristic that the malware has
               | and other things don't, that's the whole point.
               | 
               | > how hard would it be to craft a malware that has the
               | same signature as an important system file?
               | 
               | Completely impossible, unless you mean, like, bribe one
               | of the employees to put the signature of a system file
               | instead of your malware or something.
        
               | weinzierl wrote:
               | _The tool vendor decides the signature_
               | 
               | Sure, but they do it following a certain process. It's
               | not that CrowdStrike employees get paid to be extra
               | creative in their job, so you likely could predict what
               | they choose to include in the signature.
               | 
               | In addition to that, you have no pressure to get it right
               | the first time. You can try as often as you want and
               | analyzing the updated signatures you even get some
               | feedback about your attempts.
        
               | lmm wrote:
               | > Sure, but they do it following a certain process.
               | 
               | Which is going to include checking that it doesn't match
               | any OS files.
               | 
               | > You can try as often as you want and analyzing the
               | updated signatures you even get some feedback about your
               | attempts.
               | 
               | As others said, probably only if you can reverse a hash
               | function.
        
               | tempaway4575144 wrote:
               | That approach only makes sense if trusted inputs are
               | tested
        
           | bravetraveler wrote:
           | That makes me even more unsettled! Shouldn't this be closer
           | to metadata than operational/mechanical?
           | 
           | Feels like they made unsafe data for the format they created.
           | Untrustworthy. To your point, they aren't testing.
        
             | Avamander wrote:
             | Why does it make you more unsettled? The amount of parsers
             | written in unsafe languages for difficult formats is
             | immense. They're everywhere.
        
               | bravetraveler wrote:
               | Admittedly, I don't know exactly what's in these files.
               | When I hear 'content' I think 'config'. This is going to
               | be very hypothetical, I ask for some patience. Not
               | arguments.
               | 
               | The 'config file' parser is _so unsafe_ that... not only
               | will the thing consuming it break, but it 'll take down
               | the environment around it.
               | 
               | Sure, this isn't completely fair. It's working in kernel
               | space so one misstep can be dire. Again, testing.
               | 
               | I think it's a reasonable assumption/request that
               | something try to degrade itself, not the systems around
               | it
               | 
               | edit: When a distinction between _' config'_ and _'
               | agent'_ releases is made, it's _typically_ with the
               | understanding that content releases move _much_ faster
               | /flow freely. The releases around the software itself
               | tend to be more controlled, being what is actually
               | executed.
               | 
               | In short, the risk modeling and such doesn't line up. The
               | content updates get certain privileges under certain
               | _(apparently mistaken)_ robustness assumptions. Too much
               | credit, or attention, is given to the Agent!
        
           | weinzierl wrote:
           | As I understand, this only manifests after a reboot and if
           | the 'content update' is tested at all it is probably in a VM
           | that just gets thrown away after the test and is never
           | rebooted.
           | 
           | Also, this makes me think:
           | 
           | How hard would it be to craft a malware that has the same
           | signature as an important system file?
           | 
           | Preferably one that doesn't cause immediate havoc when
           | quarantined, just a BSOD after reboot, so it slips through
           | QA.
           | 
           | I don't believe this is what's happened, but I think it is an
           | interesting threat.
        
             | jodrellblank wrote:
             | > How hard would it be to craft a malware that has the same
             | signature as an important system file?
             | 
             | Very, otherwise digital signatures wouldn't be much use.
             | There are no publicly known ways to make an input which
             | hashes to the same value as another known input through the
             | SHA256 hash algorithm any quicker than brute-force trial
             | and error of every possibility.
             | 
             | This is the difficulty that BitCoin mining is based on -
             | the work that all the GPUs were doing, the reason for the
             | massive global energy use people complain about is
             | basically a global brute-force through the SHA256 input
             | space.
             | 
             | See the "find a custom SHA256" challenge on HN last month
             | discussions: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40683564
        
               | weinzierl wrote:
               | I was talking about malware signatures, which do
               | necessarily use cryptographic hashes. They are probably
               | more optimized for speed because the engine needs to
               | check a huge number of files as fast as possible.
        
               | jodrellblank wrote:
               | Cryptographic hashes are not the fastest possible hash,
               | but they are not slow; CPUs have hardware SHA
               | acceleration: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/dev
               | eloper/articles/t... - compared to the likes of a
               | password hash where you want to do a lot of rounds and
               | make checking slow, as a defense against bruteforcing.
               | 
               | That sounds even harder; Windows Authenticode uses SHA1
               | or SHA256 on partial file bytes, the AV will use its own
               | hash likely on the full file bytes, and you need a
               | malware which matches both - so the AV will think it's
               | legit and Windows will think it's legit.
        
             | andrecarini wrote:
             | > same signature as an important system file
             | 
             | AFAIK important system files on Windows are (or should be)
             | cryptographically signed by Microsoft. And the presence of
             | such signature is one of the parameters fed to the
             | heuristics engine of the AV software.
             | 
             | > How hard would it be to craft a malware that has the same
             | signature as an important system file?
             | 
             | If you can craft malware that is digitally signed with the
             | same keys as Microsoft's system files, we got way bigger
             | problems.
        
             | ExoticPearTree wrote:
             | Nope, not after a reboot. Once the "channel update" is
             | loaded into Falcon, the machine will crash with a BSOD and
             | then it will not boot properly until you remove the
             | defective file.
        
             | patmorgan23 wrote:
             | >How hard would it be to craft a malware that has the same
             | signature as an important system file?
             | 
             | Extremely, if it were easy that means basically all
             | cryptography commonly in use today is broken, the entire
             | Public Key Infrastructure is borderline useless and there's
             | no point in code signing anymore.
        
           | glimshe wrote:
           | It passed all unit tests!
        
             | livrem wrote:
             | It passed the type checker!
        
           | account42 wrote:
           | > President & CEO CrowdStrike, Former CTO of McAfee
           | 
           | Well that's certainly a track record.
        
             | delfinom wrote:
             | Showing yet again that the executive class only fails
             | upwards.
        
             | mrguyorama wrote:
             | That's funny, because IIRC McAfee back in the Windows XP
             | days did this exact same thing! They added a system file to
             | the signature registry and caused Windows computers to BSOD
             | on boot.
             | 
             | https://www.zdnet.com/article/defective-mcafee-update-
             | causes...
        
           | andyjohnson0 wrote:
           | > It wasn't a software update, it was a content update, a
           | 'channel file'
           | 
           | Because I know nothing about Crowdstrike... what is a
           | "channel file"? Some kind of config file?
        
             | ExoticPearTree wrote:
             | It is how they package their malware definitions. It's
             | semantics.
        
               | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
               | So their malware definition turned into malware?
               | 
               | Good to know they don't check their definitions for
               | defects before installing them.
        
           | chrisjj wrote:
           | Since when is this content not software, just because it
           | is.not an .exe?
        
           | drivebycomment wrote:
           | This will go down as one of the worst examples of
           | communication during an outage.
        
           | philipwhiuk wrote:
           | It's possible there's no human involvement from detection to
           | deployment.
        
         | bonoboTP wrote:
         | > more scared of failing an audit than they are of the
         | consequences failure of the underlying systems the audits are
         | supposed to be protecting.
         | 
         | Duh, else there would be no need to audit them to force
         | compliance, they'd just do it by themselves. The only reason it
         | needs forcing is that they otherwise aren't motivated enough.
        
           | lucianbr wrote:
           | Good point. But the audit seems useless now. It's supposed to
           | prevent the carelessness from causing... this thing that
           | happened anyway.
           | 
           | Sure, maybe it prevented even more events like this from
           | happening. But still.
        
             | felurx wrote:
             | To be fair, I'd claim that it's pretty rare for anything
             | anyone ever does to not be a trade-off.
        
             | sobkas wrote:
             | > Good point. But the audit seems useless now. It's
             | supposed to prevent the carelessness from causing... this
             | thing that happened anyway.
             | 
             | > Sure, maybe it prevented even more events like this from
             | happening. But still.
             | 
             | Because the point of audit is not to prevent hacks, it's to
             | prove that you did your due diligence to not get hacked, so
             | fact that hack happened is not your fault.
             | 
             | You can hide under umbrella of "sometimes hacks happen no
             | matter what you do".
        
               | lucianbr wrote:
               | CYA is the reason you do the audit. But the reason for
               | the audit's existence and requirement is definitely so
               | that hacks don't happen. Don't tell me regulatory
               | agencies require things so that companies can hide behind
               | them.
        
           | interludead wrote:
           | The dynamic between compliance and operational integrity
        
           | lmm wrote:
           | Audit is papering over the problem rather than fixing it. The
           | only way to make them responsible is to put real liability on
           | them.
        
             | bonoboTP wrote:
             | Who is them though? The airport that used this software?
             | You can't put all the blame on the software vendor. It can
             | be a good and useful component when not relied on
             | exclusively for the functioning of the airport. Not relying
             | on a single point of failure should be the responsibility
             | of the business customer who knows the business context and
             | requirements.
             | 
             | You will have each company person pointing at the others.
             | That's why you have contracts in place.
             | 
             | You won't ever have real consequences for executives and
             | real decision makers and stakeholders because the same kind
             | of people make the laws. They are friends, revolving door
             | etc.
        
         | stefan_ wrote:
         | When we think "security" on HN we think about the people who
         | escalate wiggling voltages at just the right time into a
         | hypervisor shell on XBox, but I've had to recognize that my
         | learned bias is not correct in the real world. In the real
         | world, "computer security" is a profession full of hucksters
         | that can't tell post-quantum from heap and whose daily work of
         | telling people repeatedly to not click links in Outlook and
         | filling out checklists made by people exactly like them has
         | essentially no bearing on actual security of any sort.
        
           | Shank wrote:
           | It's driven by a lot of things. Part of it is driven by
           | rising cyber liability insurance rates, for one. A lot of
           | organizations would rather not pay for CrowdStrike, but the
           | premiums for not having an "EDR/XDR/NGAV" solution can be
           | astoundingly high at-scale.
           | 
           | Fundamentally there's a lot of factors in this ecosystem.
           | It's really wild how incentives that seem unrelated end up
           | with crazy "security" products or practices deployed.
        
             | teeray wrote:
             | > A lot of organizations would rather not pay for
             | CrowdStrike, but the premiums for not having an
             | "EDR/XDR/NGAV" solution can be astoundingly high at-scale.
             | 
             | Just like a lot of homeowners would rather not pay for ADT,
             | but insurance requires a box-ticking "professionally-
             | monitored fire alarm system." Nevermind that I can dial 911
             | as well as the "professional" when I get the same
             | notification as they do.
        
           | l33t7332273 wrote:
           | I've met highly paid "security engineers" that talked about
           | not really being into programming or being okay with python
           | but everything else is too complicated.
           | 
           | It shocks me that such a low level of technical competence is
           | required.
        
           | tristor wrote:
           | > In the real world, "computer security" is a profession full
           | of hucksters
           | 
           | Always has been. The information security model is about
           | analogizing digital systems as physical systems, and
           | employing the analogues of those physical controls that date
           | back hundreds of years on those digital systems. At no point,
           | in my relatively long career, have I ever met anyone in
           | Information Security who actually understands at depth
           | anything about how to secure digital systems. I say this as
           | someone who has spent a lot of my career trying to do
           | information security correctly, but from the perspective of
           | operations and software engineering, which is where it must
           | start.
           | 
           | The entire information security model the world works with is
           | tacking on security after the fact, thinking you need to
           | builds walls and a vault door to protect the room after the
           | house has already been built, when in fact you need to build
           | the house to be secure from the start because attacks don't
           | go through doors, attacks are airborne (I recognize the irony
           | of my analogizing digital concepts to physical concepts
           | surrounding security, but I do it because of any infosec
           | people that may read my comment so they can understand my
           | point).
           | 
           | Because of this model, we have gone from buying "boxes" to
           | buying "services", but it has never matured away from the
           | box-checking exercise it's been since day one. In fact, many
           | information security people have /no training or education/
           | in security, it's entirely in regulatory compliance.
        
         | 2-3-7-43-1807 wrote:
         | I don't even want to know how many mission critical systems
         | automatically deploy open source software downloaded from
         | github or (effectively random) public repositories.
        
           | rini17 wrote:
           | Unlike Windows, there is at least the option to use curated
           | software distributions such as Debian or RH that won't apply
           | random stuff from upstream repositories.
        
             | 2-3-7-43-1807 wrote:
             | I'm talking about all sorts of software projects
             | implemented using especially Python, Ruby, node.js etc.
        
             | lmz wrote:
             | I like Debian but it's not like they need random upstream
             | repositories when they can make random patches themselves
             | e.g. the OpenSSL Purify issue.
        
           | interludead wrote:
           | These risks must be carefully managed that's it I think
        
         | higeorge13 wrote:
         | So true! It seems like all of these were invented to create
         | another market for b2b saas security, audit, monitoring, etc.
         | companies. Nobody cares about actual security or infrastructure
         | anymore. Everything is just buying some subscription for random
         | saas companies, not checking their permissions and grant
         | policies and ticking boxes because... compliance.
        
         | zh3 wrote:
         | "The metric becomes the measure", i.e. Goodhart's Law.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goodhart%27s_law
        
         | kmlx wrote:
         | > the risk of failing the compliance checkbox it satisfies is
         | paramount.
         | 
         | i'm curios as to what compliance is there to be satisfied to
         | necessitate such a hardcore measure?
        
           | rcxdude wrote:
           | There's a reasonable number of circumstances where there are
           | cybersecurity standards that get imposed on organisations:
           | insurance, from a customer, or from the government
           | (especially if they are a customer). These standards are
           | usually fairly reasonably written, but they are also
           | necessarily vague and say stuff like "have a risk
           | assessment", and "take industry-standard precautions". This
           | vagueness can create a kind of escalation ratchet: when
           | people tasked with (or responsible for) compliance are risk-
           | averse and/or lazy, they will essentially just try to find as
           | many precautions as they can find and throw them all in
           | blanket-style, because it's the easiest and safest way to say
           | that you're in compliance. This is especiallly true when you
           | can more or less just buy one or two products which promise
           | to basically tick every possible box. And if something else
           | pops up as a suggestion, they'll throw that in too. Which
           | then becomes the new 'industry standard', and it becomes
           | harder to justify not doing it, and so on.
        
           | victorbjorklund wrote:
           | I worked in orgs where customers put a certain security
           | standard in the contract. So if you fail that you are kind of
           | in breach of contract
        
         | izacus wrote:
         | Of course, disabling those auto updates will have you fail the
         | external security audit and now your security team needs to
         | fight with the rest of the leadership in the company explaining
         | why you're generating needless delays, costs against the "state
         | of the art in security industry" and why your security guys are
         | smarter than the people who have the power to approve or deny
         | your security certification.
        
           | chii wrote:
           | > you fail the external security audit
           | 
           | aka, you fail the cover-your-ass security, rather than actual
           | security.
        
             | izacus wrote:
             | yep, but "trust us, we're secure, pinky promise by our
             | internal employees" doesn't really work either.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | Don't forget the press releases all saying "We take
               | security very seriously!"
        
             | StefanBatory wrote:
             | Employees would rather care for their employment and
             | keeping boss happy rather than going against their orders.
        
           | lysp wrote:
           | Or lose IT/security insurance for not installing or disabling
           | it.
        
             | nlitened wrote:
             | Well, let's see how much insurance companies will pay now
        
               | scott_w wrote:
               | It's not about whether they pay out, large enough
               | customers demand you have insurance as a condition of
               | sale. It's cover your arse all the way down!
        
               | mdip wrote:
               | Kind of a big thing most people don't understand about
               | the various forms of "Business Insurance." For the most
               | part, businesses have whatever insurance whatever they
               | are doing requires them to have. Those requirements are
               | set by laws/regulations applied to those entities and the
               | various entities they want to do business with.
               | 
               | At every small shop I've worked when the topic of
               | Business Insurance came up with one of the owners, the
               | response was _extremely_ negative -- basically summarized
               | as  "it's the most you will ever pay for something you
               | won't ever be able to use".
        
               | scott_w wrote:
               | Yep, it's pretty much a toll on doing business with
               | entities. I've no doubt the intention is so your customer
               | can sue you without you winding up, whether it actually
               | works... no idea.
        
           | guax wrote:
           | Well. Now you have something to point to. Next RFO you can
           | ignore the blameless part and point to a executive override
           | of a technical decision.
        
           | throwaway7ahgb wrote:
           | I have been in these audits and nowhere does it say that
           | software has to be 'auto updated', this is a ridiculous
           | statement and requirement.
           | 
           | What a proper audit will look for is a update and testing
           | control with supporting evidence.
        
             | skywhopper wrote:
             | Sounds like your employer has better auditing processes
             | than most places.
        
           | anchochilis wrote:
           | What I don't understand is why they don't have a canary
           | update process. Server side deployments do this all the time.
           | You would think Windows would offer that to their
           | institutional customers, for all types of updates including
           | (especially) 3rd party.
        
             | luma wrote:
             | This isn't a Windows update (which absolutely does let you
             | do blue/green deployments vis SUS), but rather a
             | Crowdstrike update which also lets you stage rollouts and I
             | expect several administrators are finding out why that is
             | important.
        
               | vladvasiliu wrote:
               | I know about update policies, but afaik those are about
               | the "agent" version. Today's update doesn't look like an
               | agent version. The version my box is running was released
               | something like a week ago.
               | 
               | Is there some possibility tu stage rollouts of the other
               | stuff it seems to download?
        
           | btbuildem wrote:
           | I've taken part in some security audits where I work. They're
           | not a joke only because they're a tragic story of
           | incompetence, hubris, and rubberstamping. They 100% focus on
           | checking boxes and cargo-culting, while leaving enormous
           | vulnerabilities wide open.
        
           | remram wrote:
           | Why do we call managers "leaders" now? That's not what they
           | are.
        
         | belter wrote:
         | > So we need to hold regulatory bodies accountable as well -
         | when they frame regulation such that organisations are cornered
         | into this they get to be part of the culpability here too.
         | 
         | No, we need to hold Architects accountable, and this is the
         | core of the issue. Creating systems with single, outsourced
         | responsibility, in the critical path.
        
           | ta1243 wrote:
           | As a CTO, when your company goes down you get fired.
           | 
           | When every company goes down you get let off.
           | 
           | The sensible thing is follow the herd and centralise. You're
           | outsourcing the risk to your own job.
        
             | zer00eyz wrote:
             | This is the point of much of the security efforts we see
             | now.
             | 
             | Outsourcing of security functions, and things like login
             | push a lot of liability and legal issues off into someone
             | else's house.
             | 
             | It's hard to be the source of a password leak, or be
             | compromised when you don't control the passwords. But like
             | any chain your only as secure as your weakest link...
             | Snowflake is a great current example of this. Mean while
             | the USPS just told us "oops" we had tracking pixels for a
             | bunch of vendors all over our delivery preview tool.
             | 
             | Candidly, most people stacks look a lot less like software
             | and more like a toolbar riddled IE5 install circa 2000. I
             | don't think our industry is in a good place.
        
             | belter wrote:
             | > When every company goes down you get let off.
             | 
             | And when only companies who use a certain OS and/or Cloud
             | vendor go down? ;-) Do you also get let off?
        
               | ta1243 wrote:
               | If it's large enough. Nobody loses their job when office
               | 365 goes down, even if that happens once a year.
               | 
               | However if you decided to choose a small company which
               | goes down once every 5 years, you're screwed.
        
             | PretzelPirate wrote:
             | This is one of the interesting aspects in Ethereum.
             | 
             | If your validator is down, you lose a small amount of
             | stake, but if a large percentage of the total set of
             | validators are down, you all start being heavily penalized.
             | 
             | This incentives people running validators to not use the
             | most popular Ethereum client, to avoid using a single
             | compute provider, and to overall, avoid relying on the
             | popular choice since doing so can cause them to lose the
             | majority of their stake.
             | 
             | There hasn't been a major Ethereum consensus outage, but
             | when that happens, the impact of being lazy and following
             | the heard will be huge.
        
               | chuckadams wrote:
               | How is it lazy and herd-like to _not_ run the latest and
               | greatest? Sounds like Etherium's design is promoting a
               | robustly diverse ecosystem rather than a monoculture.
        
               | PretzelPirate wrote:
               | > How is it lazy and herd-like to _not_ run the latest
               | and greatest?
               | 
               | I'm not sure what you're asking here. Ethereum incentives
               | don't make you run the latest version of your client's
               | software (unless there's a hardfork you need to support).
               | You can run any version that follows the network
               | consensus rules.
               | 
               | The incentives are there to punish people who use the
               | most common software. For example, let's say there are
               | around 5 consensus clients which are each developed by
               | independent teams. If everyone ran the same client, a bug
               | could take down the entire network. If each of those 5
               | clients were used to run 20% of the network, then a bug
               | in any one of them wouldn't be a problem for Ethereum
               | users and the network would keep running.
               | 
               | If the network is evenly split across those 5 clients but
               | all of them are running in AWS, then that still leaves
               | AWS as a sigle point of failure.
               | 
               | The incentives baked into the consensus protocol exist to
               | push people towards using a validator client that isn't
               | used by the majority of other validators. That same logic
               | applies to other things like physical host locations, 3rd
               | party hosting providers, network providers, operating
               | systems, etc... You never want to use the same
               | dependencies as the majority of other validators. If you
               | do and a wide-spread issue happens, you're setting
               | yourself up to lose a lot of money.
        
               | ta1243 wrote:
               | If 90% of the world runs in AWS, and I'm the only one
               | running on my own hardware, do I get a benefit when AWS
               | goes down?
        
               | chuckadams wrote:
               | It sounds like you're describing the advantages of
               | diversity, with a little game theory thrown in to sweeten
               | the deal. Still not sure how that can be described as
               | lazy, or did I completely mis-read the original phrasing?
        
           | capybara_2020 wrote:
           | I find that in today's world it is no longer about one person
           | being "accountable". There is always an interplay of factors,
           | like others have pointed out cyber security has a compliance
           | angle. Other times it is a cost factor, redundancy costs
           | money. Then there is the whole revolving door of employees
           | coming and going, so institutional knowledge about why a
           | decision was made lost with them.
           | 
           | That is hard to do for even a small company. How do you
           | balance all that out for critical infrastructure at a much
           | larger scale?
        
           | citrin_ru wrote:
           | The problem is that even knowing that this likely to happen
           | many companies would still put CrowdStrike into a critical
           | system for the sake of security compliance / audit. And it's
           | not even prioritization of security over reliability because
           | incentives are to care more about check-boxes in the audit
           | report than about the actual security. Looks like almost no
           | party in this tragic incident had a strong incentive to
           | prevent it so it's likely to happen again.
        
         | lelanthran wrote:
         | > The risk of ZScaler being a central point of failure is not
         | considered. But - the risk of failing the compliance checkbox
         | it satisfies is paramount.
         | 
         | You're conflating Risk and Impact, and you're not considering
         | the target of that Risk and that Impact.
         | 
         | Failing an audit:
         | 
         | 1. Risk: high (audits happen all the time)
         | 
         | 2. Impact to business: minimal (audits are failed all the time
         | and then rectified)
         | 
         | 3. Impact to manager: high (manager gets dinged for a failing
         | audit).
         | 
         | Compare with failing an actual threat/intrusion:
         | 
         | 1. Risk: low (so few companies get hacked)
         | 
         | 2. Impact to business: extremely high
         | 
         | 3. Impact to manager: minimal, if audits were all passed.
         | 
         | Now, with that perspective, how do you expect a rational person
         | to behave?
         | 
         | [EDIT: as some replies pointed out, I stupidly wrote "Risk"
         | instead of "Odds" (or "Chance"). Risk is, of course, the
         | expected value, which is probability X impact. My post would
         | make a lot more sense if you mentally replace "Risk" with
         | "probability".]
        
           | Freak_NL wrote:
           | Almost correct, but you mean 'chance' where you write 'risk':
           | Risk = Chance x Impact
           | 
           | The _chance_ of failing an audit initially are high (or
           | medium, present at least). The _impact_ is usually low-ish.
           | It means a bunch of people need to fix policy and set out
           | improvement plans in a rush. It won 't cost you your
           | certification if the rectification is handled properly.
           | 
           | It's actually possible that both of your examples are awarded
           | the same level of risk, but in practice the latter example
           | will have its chance minimized to make the risk look
           | acceptable.
        
             | codetrotter wrote:
             | Chance has more positive connotations than it has negative
             | connotations IMO.
             | 
             | Probability is a more neutral word, and fits better.
        
           | noahmasur wrote:
           | I think the parent was correct in the use of the word "Risk";
           | it's different than your definition, which appears to be
           | closer to "likelihood".
           | 
           | Risk is a combination of likelihood and impact. If "risk"
           | were just equivalent to "likelihood" then leaving without an
           | umbrella on a cloudy day would be a "high-risk situation".
           | 
           | A rational person needs to weigh both the likelihood and
           | impact of a threat in order to properly evaluate its risk. In
           | many cases, the impact is high enough that even a low
           | likelihood needs to be addressed.
        
           | rakoo wrote:
           | > Now, with that perspective, how do you expect a rational
           | person to behave?
           | 
           | What is a business to do, maximize business or manager
           | contentment ?
        
             | lelanthran wrote:
             | > What is a business to do, maximize business or manager
             | contentment ?
             | 
             | A "business" is still just a collection of people. Each
             | person is going to take actions that are in their best
             | interests.
             | 
             | What I'm saying is that the business's interests are not
             | aligned with the people comprising that business.
             | 
             | In that regard, what "the business" wants is irrelevant.
        
               | rakoo wrote:
               | > What I'm saying is that the business's interests are
               | not aligned with the people comprising that business.
               | 
               | Yep, that's the point of capitalism.
               | 
               | > In that regard, what "the business" wants is
               | irrelevant.
               | 
               | And yet here we are. Companies get fined left and right
               | for breaching rules but it's ok because it earned them
               | money. There are literal plans made to calculate whether
               | it's profitable to cheat or not. In the current system,
               | what the business wants always wins over individual
               | qualms, unfortunately.
        
               | antiframe wrote:
               | Because the punative system in most countries doesn't
               | affect individuals. As a manager, you're not going to
               | jail for breaking environmental laws, a different entity
               | (the company) is paying for being caught. So, it's still
               | the rational thing to do to break the environment laws to
               | make your groups numbers go up and get a promo or bonus.
        
           | vasco wrote:
           | Moreover no manager gets dinged for "internet-wide" outages
           | unfortunately, so the compliance department keeps calling the
           | shots. The amount of times I've had to explain there's no
           | added security in adding an "antivirus" to our linux servers
           | as we already have proper monitoring at eBPF level is
           | annoying.
        
             | dijit wrote:
             | I'd be fired if I caused enough loss in revenue to pay my
             | own salary for a year.
             | 
             | I am responsible for my choices. I'm CTO, I don't doubt
             | that in some cases execs cover for each other, but at least
             | I have anecdotal experience of what it would take for me to
             | be fired- and this is clearly communicated to me.
        
               | hobs wrote:
               | Hope you get paid a lot! Otherwise you are either in a
               | very young or very stupid job.
               | 
               | I regularly spend multiples of my salary every month on
               | various commitments my company makes, any small mistake
               | could easily mean that its multiples of my salary type of
               | problem within 10 days.
        
               | datavirtue wrote:
               | A friend of mine spent half a million on a storage device
               | that we never used. It sat in the IT area for years until
               | we were acquired. Everyone gave him so much shit. Finance
               | asked me about it numerous times (going around my friend
               | the CTO) so they could properly depreciate it. He didn't
               | get dinged by the board at all. It remained an open
               | secret. We were making million dollar decisions once a
               | month, though.
        
               | fluoridation wrote:
               | What sort of storage device, just out of curiosity?
        
               | dijit wrote:
               | > I regularly spend multiples of my salary every month on
               | various commitments my company makes.
               | 
               | Yeah, same here.
               | 
               | But if I choose a vendor and that vendor fails us so
               | catastrophically as to make us financially insolvent,
               | then it's _my job_ to have run a risk analysis and to
               | have an answer for why.
               | 
               | If it's more cost effective to take an outage, that's
               | fine, if it's not: then why didn't I have a DRP in place,
               | why did we rely so much on one vendor, what's the
               | exposure.
               | 
               | It's a pretty important part of being a serious business
               | person.
        
               | hobs wrote:
               | Sure, but that's not what I said or you said, and my
               | commentary was about relative measures of your salary to
               | your budget.
               | 
               | If you can't make a mistake of your salary size in your
               | budget then your budget is small or very tight, most
               | corporations fuck up big multiples of their CTOs salary
               | quarterly (but that turns out to be single digit
               | percentage points of anything useful.)
        
               | vasco wrote:
               | So you never messed up ever? That's the only thing that
               | can fulfill both your comments, unless you've also been
               | fired.
        
               | ta1243 wrote:
               | CTOs do not get fired because they chose a massive system
               | like crowdstrike and it fails once a year
               | 
               | They would get fired if they chose a non-normal system
               | and it failed once every 10 years
        
               | tivert wrote:
               | > I'd be fired if I caused enough loss in revenue to pay
               | my own salary for a year.
               | 
               | I'm not so sure.
               | 
               | I know of a _major_ company that had a glitch, _multiple
               | times_ , that caused them to lose about _~15 million
               | dollars_ at least once (a non-prod test hit prod because
               | of a poorly designed too).
               | 
               | I was told the decision-makers decided not to fix the
               | problem (the risk of losing more money again) because the
               | " _money had already been lost_. "
        
             | FrustratedMonky wrote:
             | "no manager gets dinged for "internet-wide" outages"
             | 
             | Kind of like, nobody gets fired for hiring IBM, or using
             | SAP. They are just so big, every manager can say, "look how
             | many people are using them, how was I supposed to know they
             | are crap".
             | 
             | But, seems like for uptime, someone should be identifiable.
             | If your job is uptime, and there is a world wide outage,
             | I'd think it would roll down hill onto someone.
        
               | dessimus wrote:
               | > Kind of like, nobody gets fired for hiring IBM, or
               | using SAP. They are just so big, every manager can say,
               | "look how many people are using them, how was I supposed
               | to know they are crap".
               | 
               | I wouldn't necessarily say IBM or SAP are "crap". It's
               | much more likely that orgs buying into IBM or SAP don't
               | the due diligence on what the true costs to properly set
               | it up and keep it running, therefore cut tons of corners.
               | 
               | They basically want to own a Ferrari and when it comes to
               | maintenance, they want run Regular gas and try to get
               | their local mechanic to slap Ford parts on it because its
               | too expensive to keep going back to the dealership.
        
               | beeboobaa3 wrote:
               | > "look how many people are using them, how was I
               | supposed to know they are crap".
               | 
               | if all your friends jump off a cliff, do you as well?
               | 
               | This is taught to children at a young age to teach them
               | not to blindly follow others. Why do you think these
               | adults deserve a pass?
        
               | vasco wrote:
               | The thing is usually this argument goes something like
               | this:
               | 
               | A: Should prod be running a failover / <insert other
               | safety mechanism>?
               | 
               | B: Yes!
               | 
               | A: This is how much it costs: <number>
               | 
               | B: Errm... Let me check... OK I got an answer, let's
               | document how we'd do it, but we can't afford the overhead
               | of an auto-failover setup.
               | 
               | And so then there will be 2 types of companies, the ones
               | that "do it properly" will have more costs, their margins
               | will be lower, over time they'll be less successful as
               | long as no big incident happens. When a big incident
               | happens though, for most businesses - recent history
               | proves that if everyone was down, nobody really
               | complains. If your customers have 1 vendor down due to
               | this issue, they will complain, but if your customers
               | have 10 vendors down, and are themselves down, they don't
               | complain anymore. And so you get this tragedy of the
               | commons type dynamic where it pays off to do what most
               | people do rather than the right thing.
               | 
               | And the thing is, in practice, doing the thing most
               | people do is probably not a bad yardstick - however
               | disappointing that is. 20 years ago nobody had 2FA and it
               | was acceptable, today most sites do and it's not
               | acceptable anymore not to have it.
        
               | beeboobaa3 wrote:
               | That's a lot of words to say: "Yes, I will jump off a
               | cliff if all my friends do it!"
               | 
               | Besides, no one is seriously considering auto failover
               | for desktop machines. Not sure where that came from?
        
               | bdw5204 wrote:
               | Parents may teach this to kids but the kids usually
               | notice their parents don't practice what they preach. So
               | they don't either.
               | 
               | The world is filled with people following everybody else
               | off a cliff. If you're warning people or even just not
               | playing along in a time of great hysteria, people at best
               | ignore your warnings and direct verbal abuse at you. At
               | worst, you can face active persecution for being right
               | when the crowd has gone insane. So most people are
               | cowards who go along to get along.
        
               | FrustratedMonky wrote:
               | "if all your friends jump off a cliff, do you as well?"
               | 
               | Sure, that is a common idiom. Usually as stated implying
               | that people shouldn't or wont, jump off the cliff.
               | 'People must be smarter, right?'.
               | 
               | And we would like to think that is logical, and people
               | wouldn't jump off a cliff.
               | 
               | Sadly, it seems like it is more true, people DO jump off
               | the cliff, follow the illogical leader and jump.
               | 
               | It seems to me more and more that it is human nature to
               | follow the leader off the cliff.
               | 
               | Maybe something to do with being social animals,
               | following the herd.
        
               | shuntress wrote:
               | Depends how big the cliff is and whats at the bottom.
        
           | collinc777 wrote:
           | You're conflating risk and frequency
        
           | heisenbit wrote:
           | ZScaler and similar software also has some hidden costs:
           | Performance and all the other fun that comes with a proxy
           | between you and the server you connect to.
        
             | twisteriffic wrote:
             | Their local proxy is so poorly implemented that it's
             | impossible to get more than 2mbps on a bypassed site.
        
           | maxerickson wrote:
           | If you read their comment holistically, they obviously agree
           | with you and think that the outcome of the audit should be
           | more meaningful.
        
           | danaris wrote:
           | But...surely you're also missing another point of
           | consideration:
           | 
           | Single point of failure fails, taking down all your systems
           | for an indeterminate length of time:
           | 
           | 1. Risk: moderate (an auto-updating piece of software without
           | adequate checks? yeah, that's gonna fail sooner or later)
           | 
           | 2. Impact to business: high
           | 
           | 3. Impact to manager: varies (depending on just how easy it
           | is to spin the decision to go with a single point of failure
           | rather than a more robust solution to the compliance mandate)
        
           | makeitdouble wrote:
           | > 1. Risk: low (so few companies get hacked)
           | 
           | I wonder how much that's still true now that ransomware has
           | apparently become viable.
           | 
           | Finding an insecure target, setup the data hostage situation,
           | have the victim come to pay is scalable and could work in
           | volume. If getting small money from a range of small targets
           | becomes profitable, small fishes will bear sinilar risks to
           | juicier targets.
        
           | beeboobaa3 wrote:
           | > 3. Impact to manager: minimal, if audits were all passed.
           | 
           | I don't know about you, but I'll be making sure everyone
           | knows that the manager signed off on the spectacularly stupid
           | idea to push through an update on a friday without testing.
        
           | cvoss wrote:
           | > Now, with that perspective, how do you expect a rational
           | person to behave?
           | 
           | They'd deploy the software on the critical path. That's
           | exactly GP's point, isn't it? That's why GP explicitly wants
           | us to shift some of the blame from the business to the
           | regulators. GP advocates for different regulatory incentives
           | so that a rational person would then do the right thing
           | instead of the wrong thing.
        
           | greggsy wrote:
           | > Risk: low (so few companies get hacked)
           | 
           | I'm at risk of sounding like chicken little, the reality is
           | companies are getting popped all the time - you just don't
           | hear about them very often. The bar for media reporting is
           | constantly being raised to the point where you only hear
           | about the really big ones.
           | 
           | If you read through any of the weekly Risky Biz News posts
           | [1] you'll often see a five or more highly impactful
           | incidents affecting government and industry, and they're just
           | the reported ones.
           | 
           | [1] https://news.risky.biz/
        
           | ThePowerOfFuet wrote:
           | >Risk: low (so few companies get hacked)
           | 
           | Come on.
        
         | p0seidon wrote:
         | This is 100% the reality
        
         | monkeydust wrote:
         | "All over the place I'm seeing checkbox compliance being
         | prioritised above actual real risks from how the compliance is
         | implemented."
         | 
         | Great statement and one that needs to be seriously considered -
         | would DORA regulation in the EU address this I wonder? Its a
         | monster piece of tech legislation that SHOULD target this but
         | WILL it - someone should use todays disaster and apply it to
         | the regs to see if its fit for purpose.
        
           | piker wrote:
           | Broken regulations? Fix by adding more!
        
             | idle_zealot wrote:
             | Well, yeah. If a regulation is broken and not achieving its
             | goal it should be changed. What's the alternative?
             | "Regulation? We tried that once and it didn't work
             | perfectly, so now we let The Market(tm) sort out safety
             | standards."
        
               | InsideOutSanta wrote:
               | Who needs regulation when you can have free Fentanyl with
               | your CrowdStrike subscription! All of your systems will
               | go down, but you won't care, and the chance of accidental
               | overdose is probably less than 10%!
        
               | jddj wrote:
               | The child slave labour is what really gets the deal
               | across the line
        
               | piker wrote:
               | Yes, in many contexts that may well be the correct
               | conclusion. Your comment presumes that regulation here
               | has proven itself useful and not resulted in a single
               | point of failure which potentially reduces overall
               | safety. It's of course the correct comment from a
               | regulator's perspective.
        
               | dmix wrote:
               | Especially for something like technology and infosec
               | which rapidly changes, it's silly to look to slow moving
               | regulations as a solution, not to mention ignoring
               | history and gambling politicians will do it competently
               | and it won't have negative side effects like distracting
               | teams from doing real work that'd actually help.
               | 
               | You can make fines and consequences after the fact for
               | blatant security failures as incentives but inventing a
               | new "compliance" checklist of requirements is going to be
               | out of date by the time it's widely adopted and most
               | companies do the bare minimum bullshit to pass these
               | checklists.
        
               | engeljohnb wrote:
               | > companies do the bare minimum bullshit
               | 
               | This can be true of security (and every other expense)
               | whether it's regulated or not. Which do you think will
               | result in fewer incidents: the regulated bare minimum, or
               | the unregulated base minimum?
        
               | BartjeD wrote:
               | There are so many english centric assumptions here.
               | 
               | Regulation of liability can be very generic and broad,
               | with open standards that dont need to be updated.
               | 
               | Case in point: Most of continental Europe still uses
               | Napoleon's code civile to prescribe how and when private
               | parties are liable. This is more than 150 years old.
               | 
               | The real issue is that most Americans are stuck with an
               | old English regulatory system, which for fear of
               | overreach was never modernized.
        
               | harimau777 wrote:
               | For the market to work wouldn't you need something to
               | hold the corps accountable if they fail to be secure AND
               | to make regular people whole if the crops' failures cause
               | them problems?
        
               | piker wrote:
               | Yes, like the court system ... specifically class actions
               | in the United States have been established for this exact
               | purpose.
        
               | harimau777 wrote:
               | After attorney's fees, class action rarely pays enough to
               | make the victims whole.
               | 
               | Suing individually is only an option if someone can
               | afford a lawyer.
        
             | skywhopper wrote:
             | What's your suggestion for fixing broken regulations? Not
             | having any? That is also "broken".
        
           | emdowling wrote:
           | EU tech regulation actually addressing an issue effectively?
           | I wouldn't hold my breath, but there is a first time for
           | everything.
        
             | InsideOutSanta wrote:
             | I like USB-C in my iPhone.
        
           | wjnc wrote:
           | Emphatically NO. Involved in (IT) Risk and DORA in a firm
           | that actually does IT risk scenario planning (the sort
           | opposite of checkbox compliance). DORA is rubber stamping al
           | the way round. One caveat is that we are way ahead of DORA,
           | so treating DORA as a checkbox exercise might be situational.
           | But I haven't noticed a place where the rubber hits the road
           | regulatory wise. It's too easy to stay in checkbox compliance
           | if the board doesn't see IT-risk as a major concern. I'm
           | happy one of our board members does. We've gone so far as to
           | introduce a person and paper based credit line, so we can
           | continue an outgoing cashflow if most of our processes fail
           | (for an insurer).
        
         | dijit wrote:
         | It's possible that CrowdStrike _heavily incentivises_ being
         | left to update itself.
         | 
         | Removing the features that would allow sysadmins to actually do
         | it automatically, even via the installer itself- would
         | definitely be one way, but another one could be aggressive
         | focus-stealing nags (similar to Windows' own nags) which in a
         | server environment can actually cause some major issues,
         | especially when automating processes in Windows (as you need to
         | close the program when updating).
         | 
         | I think it's easy to blame the sysadmins, but I would also be
         | remiss if I didn't point out that in the Windows world we have
         | been slowly accepting these automatic dark patterns and
         | alternative (more controlled) mechanisms have been removed over
         | time.
         | 
         | I almost don't recognise the deployment environment today as to
         | what it was in 2004; and yes, 20 years is a long time, but the
         | total loss of control over what a computer is doing is only
         | going to make issues like this significantly more common.
        
           | mr_mitm wrote:
           | They say it was caused by a faulty channel file. I don't know
           | what a channel file is, and they claim to not rely on virus
           | signatures, but typically anti virus product need the latest
           | signatures all the time and poll them probably once an hour
           | or so. So I'm not surprised that an anti virus product wants
           | to stay hyper updated and updates are rolled out immediately
           | to everyone globally.
        
             | HereBeBeasties wrote:
             | No, I'm not surprised either. But if you're operating at
             | this kind of scale and with this level of immediate roll-
             | out, what I would expect are:
             | 
             | * A staggered process for the roll-out, so that machines
             | that are updated check-in with some metrics that say "this
             | new version is OK" (aka "canary deployment") and that the
             | update is paused/rolled back if not.
             | 
             | * Basic smoke testing of the files before they're pushed to
             | any customers
             | 
             | * Validation that the file is OK before accepting an update
             | (via a checksum or whatever, matched against the "this
             | update works" automated test checksums)
             | 
             | * Fuzz tests that broken files don't brick the machine
             | 
             | Literally any of the above would have saved millions and
             | millions of dollars today.
        
           | bandrami wrote:
           | In any kind of serious environment the admin should not have
           | any interaction with any system's screen when performing any
           | kind of configuration change. If it can't be applied in a GPO
           | without any interaction it has no business being in a
           | datacenter.
        
             | dijit wrote:
             | 1) No true scotsman fallacy at work.
             | 
             | There are situations where you will interact with the
             | desktop, for debugging reasons not-withstanding. Saying
             | anything else is hopelessly naive. For example: how do you
             | know if your program didn't start due to missing DLL
             | dependencies? There is no automated way: you must check the
             | desktop because Windows itself only shows a popup.
             | 
             | 2) What displays on the screen is absolutely material to
             | the functioning of the operating system.
             | 
             | The windows shell (UI) is intertwined intrinsically with
             | the NT kernel, there have been attempts to create headless
             | systems with it (Windows Core etc;) however in those
             | circumstances if there is a popup: that UI prompt can crash
             | the process because it does not have dependencies to show
             | the pop-up.
             | 
             | If you're in a situation where you're running windows core,
             | and a program crashes if auto-updates are not enabled...
             | well, you're more likely than not to enable updates to
             | avoid the crash, after all, whats the harm.
             | 
             | Elsewise you will be aware that when a program has a UI
             | (windows console) the execution speed of the process will
             | be linked to the draw rate of the screen, so having a
             | faster draw rate or fewer things on screen can actually
             | affect performance.
             | 
             | Those that write Linux programs are aware that this is also
             | true for linux (write to STDOUT is blocking), however you
             | can't put I/O on another thread in the same way on Windows.
             | 
             | Anyway, all this to say: it's clear you've never worked in
             | a serious windows environment. I've deployed many thousands
             | of bare-metal windows machines across the world and of
             | course it was automated, from PXE/BIOS to application
             | serving on the internet, the whole 9 yards, but believing
             | that the UI has no effect or no effectiveness of
             | administration is just absurd.
        
         | lucasRW wrote:
         | Electricity too is a SPOF.
        
           | RobotToaster wrote:
           | Most mission critical medical systems have a backup
           | generator.
        
             | XorNot wrote:
             | And IT has dual power supply servers, and endpoint UPSs.
             | 
             | Electricity is aggressively made redundant for mission-
             | critical systems.
        
         | jrockway wrote:
         | Zscaler is truly amazing. It can't do HTTP/2. Our product is
         | HTTP/2-only. So we can't use our own product at work.
        
           | Avamander wrote:
           | Their visibility and process in general for handling abuse of
           | their services is also abysmal.
        
           | mrweasel wrote:
           | I know a few people who have Zscaler deployed at work. It
           | will routinely kick them of the internet, like multiple times
           | a day. It has gotten to the point where they can sort of tell
           | in advance that it's about to happen.
           | 
           | The theory so far it that it's related to their activities,
           | working in DevOps they will sometimes generate "suspicious"
           | traffic patterns which will then trigger someone policy in
           | Zscaler, but they're not actually sure.
        
           | supertrope wrote:
           | ZScaler itself uses port 443 UDP, but blocks QUIC. The last
           | time I checked it didn't support IPv6 so they told customers
           | to disable IPv6. Security software is legacy software out of
           | the box and cuts the performance of computers in half.
        
           | pwarner wrote:
           | What Zscaler can and will do though is break your network
           | randomly and in strange ways. They don't even seem to charge
           | for that feature!
        
         | grishka wrote:
         | If I were running an organization that needs these audits, I'd
         | always have fallback procedures in place that would keep
         | everything running even if all computers suddenly stop working,
         | like they did today. General-purpose software is too fragile to
         | be fully relied upon, IMO.
         | 
         | If a general-purpose computer must be used for something
         | mission-critical, it should not have an internet connection and
         | it should definitely not allow an outside organization to
         | remotely push arbitrary kernel-mode code to it. It should
         | probably also boot from a read-only OS image so that it could
         | always be restored to a known-good state by just rebooting.
        
           | sys_64738 wrote:
           | Organizations don't want to increase risk by listening to an
           | employee with their personal opinion. Orgs want an outside
           | vendor who they can point at and say "it's their fault", and
           | await a solution. Employees going rogue and not following the
           | vendor defined SW updates is a much higher risk than this
           | particular crisis.
        
         | sobkas wrote:
         | It depends on what your position is. Are you there to actually
         | provide security to your org or to tick a in an audit. If both
         | which is more important. Because failing an audit have real
         | consequences, while having breaches in security have almost
         | none. Just look at credit score companies.
        
         | the8472 wrote:
         | Regulation or auditors rarely require specific solutions. It's
         | the companies themselves that choose to achieve the goals by
         | applying security like tinctures: "security solutions". The
         | issue is that the tinctures are an approved remedy.
        
         | lqet wrote:
         | Can anyone explain how CrowdStrike could possibly fix this now?
         | If affected machines are stuck in an endless BSOD cycle, is it
         | even possible to remotely roll out a fix? My understanding is
         | that the machines will never come to the point where a CS
         | update would be automatically installed. Is the only feasible
         | option the official workaround of manually deleting system
         | files after booting into the recovery environment? How could
         | this possibly be done on scale in organizations with tens of
         | thousands of machines?
        
           | ExoticPearTree wrote:
           | CrowdStrike itself will not fix anything. They published a
           | guide on how to workaround the problem and that's it. Most
           | likely a lot of sales reps and VPs will be fielding calls all
           | over the weekend explaining large customers how did they
           | manage to screw up and how much discount will they offer on
           | the next renewal cycle.
           | 
           | Legally, I think somewhere in their license it says is that
           | they're not responsible in any way or form if their software
           | malfunctions in any way.
        
             | delfinom wrote:
             | Small companies get the shitty generic license.
             | 
             | Big companies negotiate liability terms.
        
               | betaby wrote:
               | > Big companies negotiate liability terms.
               | 
               | Never heard that in the context of the software licenses.
        
               | rayrey wrote:
               | Pretty standard in enterprise b2b, most of the sales
               | cycle is in contracts
        
               | betaby wrote:
               | Well, probably no? I've never seen liabilities in dollar
               | value, or rather any significant value. Also I saw our
               | company Ceowdstrike contract for 10k+ seats, no
               | liabilities there.
        
               | levi-turner wrote:
               | This isn't a Github project with a MIT license. When you
               | do B2B software, there aren't software licenses, there
               | are contractual terms and conditions. The T&Cs outline
               | any number of elements but including SLAs, financial
               | penalties for contractual breaches, etc. Larger customers
               | negotiate these T&Cs line by line. Smaller customers
               | often accept the standard T&Cs.
        
               | ExoticPearTree wrote:
               | Penalties, as far as I was involved in vendor
               | discussions, are a part of the negotiation only when the
               | software provider does any work on the client's premises
               | and are liable to that extent.
               | 
               | For software, you don't pay penalties that it might
               | malfunction once in a while, that's what bug-fixes are
               | for and you get offered an SLA for that, but only for
               | response time, not actual bug fixing. Where you do get
               | penalties and maybe even your money back, is when the
               | software is listed as being able to do X,Y,Z and it only
               | does X and Z and the contract says it must do everything
               | it said it does.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | > _Big companies negotiate liability terms._
               | 
               | I have never heard of that. Can you point to some
               | examples?
               | 
               | Not SLA's (which are standard), but actual liability?
               | E.g. if we brick your computers we'll pay for
               | replacements and lost employee productivity?
        
               | saratogacx wrote:
               | Yep, I've been involved in many vender contracts at my
               | company and the contracts take weeks to months to
               | finalize because every aspect of the agreement is up for
               | discussion. Even things like SLA's (including how they're
               | calculated), liability limitations, indemnity, recourse
               | in the event of system failure are all put through the
               | ringer until both sides come to agreeable terms. This is
               | true for big and tiny venders.
        
             | akdev1l wrote:
             | > Legally, I think somewhere in their license it says is
             | that they're not responsible in any way or form if their
             | software malfunctions in any way.
             | 
             | I really should add this to my resume and see if it'll
             | work.
        
               | seanw444 wrote:
               | Nah, it only works for corporations. Peons still have
               | accountability.
        
               | consteval wrote:
               | I think about this all the time.
               | 
               | Like if I kill someone of course I go to jail. But if I
               | get some people together, say we're a company, and then
               | kill 100 people, nobody goes to jail. How does that work?
               | What a huge loophole.
        
               | ExoticPearTree wrote:
               | While it sounds funny, it doesn't work like that. We'd be
               | having a real corporate shootouts everyday all over the
               | place :))
        
               | roxil wrote:
               | Phillips (the company) basically killed people with
               | malfunctioning CPAP machines (which are meant to help
               | against sleep apnea) and no one went to jail. So that's a
               | practical example.
        
               | umanwizard wrote:
               | I don't think that's true in this case. I've never heard
               | of an individual employee who introduced a bug being
               | legally liable for it.
        
               | TheCoelacanth wrote:
               | It's already the norm for devs to not be responsible for
               | software malfunctions. They can choose to end their
               | relationship with you, but they can't sue you for
               | damages.
        
             | butlike wrote:
             | "THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED AS-IS..."
        
               | dintech wrote:
               | I think I preferred it AS-WAS.
        
           | m348e912 wrote:
           | There are orgs out there right now with 50,000+ systems in a
           | reboot loop. Each one needs to me manually configured to
           | disable CS via safe mode so that the agent version can be
           | updated to the fixed version. Throw bitlocker in the mix
           | which makes this process even longer, we're talking about
           | weeks of work to recover all systems.
        
           | chrisjj wrote:
           | But they've already fixed it.
           | 
           | "CrowdStrike Engineering has identified a content deployment
           | related to this issue and reverted those changes."
           | 
           | How they've reverted changes on non-booting PCs, goodness
           | only knows... ;)
        
           | pelasaco wrote:
           | Imagine if North Korea comes with a statement, that they did
           | it.. It would spawn such amount of work internally at CS to
           | proof if it was intentional or a simple mistake.
        
             | geitir wrote:
             | Amazing idea
        
           | justinclift wrote:
           | Sounds like people in some of these environments will be
           | doing their level best to automate an appropriate fix.
           | 
           | Hopefully they have IPMI and remote booting of some form
           | available for the majority of the affected boxes/VMs, as that
           | could likely fix a large chunk of the problem.
        
         | jojobas wrote:
         | The question is, how did they manage to not crash everything
         | for so long without a staged/rolling update deployment
         | strategy?
        
           | chrisjj wrote:
           | Perhaps it took this long for the offending file to pass 64K
           | Excel rows... :)
        
         | ExoticPearTree wrote:
         | > All over the place I'm seeing checkbox compliance being
         | prioritized above actual real risks from how the compliance is
         | implemented.
         | 
         | Because if everyone is doing their job and checks their box,
         | they're not gonna get fired. Might be out of a job because the
         | company goes under, but hey, it was no one's fault, they just
         | did their job.
        
         | dagaci wrote:
         | Most enterprises will have teams of risk and security people.
         | They will be asking who authorized deployment of an untested
         | update into production. If CrowdStrike deployments cannot be
         | managed, then they will switch to a product which can be
         | managed.
        
         | basisword wrote:
         | >> It's easy to blame CrowdStrike but that seems too easy on
         | both the orgs that do this but also the upstream forces that
         | compel them to do it.
         | 
         | While orgs using auto update should reconsider, the fact that
         | CrowdStrike don't test these updates on a small amount of live
         | traffic (e.g. 1%) is a huge failure on their part. If they
         | released to 1% of customers and waited even 24 hours before
         | rolling out further this seems like it would have been caught
         | and had minimal impact. You have to be pretty arrogant to just
         | roll out updates to millions of customers devices in one fell
         | swoop.
        
           | lqet wrote:
           | Why even test the updates on a small amount of live customers
           | first? Wouldn't this issue already have surfaced if they
           | tested the update on a handful of their own machines?
        
             | basisword wrote:
             | I would hope they've done that and it passed internal QA.
             | But maybe not a good idea to assume they're doing any sort
             | of testing at all.
        
               | greggsy wrote:
               | They'd have rigorous test harnesses, but you can't really
               | account for the complexities of a highly configurable
               | platform like Windows.
        
               | kristjansson wrote:
               | The prevalence of the issue makes it seem unlikely to
               | have been caused by site-specific configurations
        
         | fireflash38 wrote:
         | That's some very twisted logic. If I expect someone to clean
         | the kitchen as part of restaurant closeup checklist, and they
         | fuck it all up, would I blame the checklist, or the person
         | doing the work?
         | 
         | You blame the person fucking it up. In this case, it's someone
         | who only cares about checking a box. Or someone who pushes
         | broken shit.
        
           | lqet wrote:
           | If this person simultaneously fucks up millions of kitchens
           | around the world, you do not blame that person. You blame the
           | checklist which encouraged giving a single person global
           | interlocked control over millions of kitchens, without any
           | compartmentalization.
        
         | shadowgovt wrote:
         | Consolidation / optimization of labor.
         | 
         | When Crowdstrike messes up and BSODs thousands of machines,
         | they have a dedicated team of engineers working the problem and
         | can deliver a solution.
         | 
         | When your company gets owned because you didn't check a
         | compliance checkbox, it's on you to fix it (and you may not
         | even currently have the talent to do so).
         | 
         | We see similar risk tradeoffs in cloud computing in general;
         | yes, hosting your stuff on AWS leaves you vulnerable to AWS
         | outages, but it's not like outages don't happen if you run your
         | own iron. You're just going to have to dispatch someone a three
         | hour drive away to the datacenter to fix it when they do.
        
           | chrisjj wrote:
           | > they have a dedicated team of engineers working the problem
           | and can deliver a solution.
           | 
           | No. Can merely facilitate the customer's on-site admin to
           | deliver a solution.
        
         | afh1 wrote:
         | Isn't there a way to schedule the updates? With Windows
         | updates, when I used to work at a firm with a critical system
         | running on Windows, we had main and DR servers and the updates
         | were scheduled to first rollout on the main server and a day
         | after I think at the DR, which has saved us at least once in
         | the past from a bad Windows update...
        
           | vladvasiliu wrote:
           | More or less. You can set up some update policies which and
           | apply those to subsets of your machines. You can disable
           | updates during time blocks, or block them altogether. There's
           | also the option of automatically installing the "n-1" update.
           | 
           | We run auto n-1 at work, but this also happened at the same
           | time on my test machine with runs "auto n". It never happened
           | before, so this looks like something different than the
           | actual installed sensor version, especially since the latest
           | version was released something like a week ago.
        
         | jimnotgym wrote:
         | > So we need to hold regulatory bodies accountable as well...
         | 
         | My bank, my insurer, my payment card processor, my accounting
         | auditor and probably others may all insist I have anti-virus
         | and insist that it is up to date. That is why we have to have
         | these systems. However, I used to prefer systems that allowed
         | me to control the update cycle and push it to smaller groups.
        
         | bhbh wrote:
         | CrowdStrike has various auto update policies, including not to
         | automatically update to the latest version, but to the latest
         | version -1 or even -2. Customers with those two policies are
         | also impacted.
        
         | beeboobaa3 wrote:
         | It's what you get when you let luddites, also known as
         | managers, make the rules.
        
         | lenkite wrote:
         | It's a big stretch to call this the regulator's fault when its
         | basic lack of testing by Microsoft and/or Crowdstrike. If a car
         | manufacturer made safety belts that broke, you don't blame the
         | regulators.
         | 
         | The root cause is automatic, mindless software update without
         | proper testing - nothing to do with regulators.
        
         | number65259 wrote:
         | > My org which does mission critical healthcare just deployed
         | ZScaler on every computer which is now in the critical path of
         | every computer starting up
         | 
         | Hi fellow CVS employee. Are you enjoying your zscaler induced
         | SSO outages every week that torpedo access to email and every
         | internal application? Well now your VMs can bluescreen too. A
         | few more vendor parasites and we'll be completely
         | nonfunctional. Sit tight!
        
         | Puts wrote:
         | This is an oversimplification. IF we are talking about
         | compliance to ISO 27001 you are supposed to do your own risk
         | assessment and implement necessary controls. The auditor will
         | basically just check that you done the risk assessment, and
         | that you have done the controls you said yourself you need to
         | do.
         | 
         | I'd say this has nothing with regulatory compliance to do at
         | all. The real truth is that modern organizations are way too
         | attached to cloud solutions. And this runs across all parts of
         | the organization with Saas and PaaS whether it's email (imagine
         | Google Workspace having a major issue), AWS, Azure, Okta...
         | 
         | I've had the discussions so many times and the answer is always
         | - the risks doesn't matter because the future is cloud and even
         | talking about self hosting anything is naive and honestly we
         | need to evaluate your competence for even suggesting it.
         | 
         | (Also the cloud would maybe not be this fragile if it wasn't
         | for lock-in with different vendors. If you read the TOS it says
         | basically on all cloud services that you are responsible for
         | the backup - but getting your data out of the service is still
         | pain in the ass - if possible at all)
        
           | crazygringo wrote:
           | > _The real truth is that modern organizations are way too
           | attached to cloud solutions._
           | 
           | I'm confused. This is a security product for your local
           | machine. Not the cloud.
           | 
           | Unless you call software auto-update "the cloud", but that's
           | not what people usually mean. The cloud isn't about
           | _downloading_ files, it 's about running programs and storage
           | remotely.
           | 
           | I mean, if CloudStrike _were_ running entirely on the cloud,
           | it seems like the problem would be vastly easier to catch
           | immediately and fix. Cloud engineers can roll back software
           | versions a lot easier than millions of end users can figure
           | out how to safe boot and follow a bunch of instructions.
        
             | Puts wrote:
             | Well, in all times usually there has been the option to run
             | a local proxy/cache for your updates so that you can
             | properly test them inside your own organization before
             | rolling them out to all your clients (precisely to avoid
             | this kind of shit show). But doing that requires an
             | internal team running it and actually testing all updates.
             | But modern organizations don't want an IT-department, they
             | want to be "cloud first". So they rely on services that
             | promise they can solve everything for them (until they
             | don't).
             | 
             | Cloud is not just about where things are - it's also about
             | the idea that you can outsource every single piece of
             | responsibility to a intangible vendor somewhere on the
             | other side of the globe - or "in the cloud".
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | > _Cloud is not just about where things are - it 's about
               | the idea that you can outsource every single piece of
               | responsibility to a intangible vendor somewhere in the
               | cloud._
               | 
               | I've never heard of a definition of cloud like that.
               | 
               | Cloud is _entirely_ about where things are.
               | 
               | Outsourcing responsibility to a vendor is totally
               | orthogonal to the idea of the cloud. You can outsource
               | responsibility in the cloud _or not_. You can also
               | outsource responsibility _on local machines_ or not.
               | 
               | And outsourcing responsibility has existed since long
               | before the concept of the cloud was invented.
               | 
               | It's important to keep definitions clear.
        
               | Puts wrote:
               | The product affected here is litelarly called
               | "CrowdStrike Falcon(r) Cloud Security". Meraki all tough
               | they sell routers and switches markets their products as
               | "cloud-based network platform". Jamf all tough their
               | product is run on endpoint devices is marked as "Jamf
               | Cloud MDM". I think its fair to say that cloud these days
               | does not only mean storing data, or running servers in
               | cloud but also if infrastructure is in any way MANAGED in
               | cloud.
               | 
               | So to tie back to what i wrote earlier - none of these
               | services has to have the management part in the cloud.
               | They could just give you a piece of software to run on
               | your own server. That would certainly distribute the risk
               | since now it only takes someone hacking the vendor to go
               | after all their customers, or in this case one faulty
               | update brakes all users experience. And as far as I can
               | see it seems we are willing to take those risks because
               | we think it's nice having someone else manage the
               | infrastructure (and that was my main point in the first
               | comment).
        
         | coliveira wrote:
         | This is all well deserved for executives who trust MS to run
         | their businesses. If you have the resources, like a bank, it is
         | crime to put your company in the hands of MS.
        
           | alecco wrote:
           | IME, Boomer managers refuse to use anything but Windows. We
           | have a few more years of this.
        
         | metalliqaz wrote:
         | this is the world that lawyers gave us
        
         | pookha wrote:
         | It's easy to blame CrodStrike because they're the ones to blame
         | here. They lit a billion system32 folders on fire with an
         | untested product and push out fear mongering corny marketing
         | material. Turns out you should be afraid.
        
         | MetaWhirledPeas wrote:
         | > Orgs are doing this because they are more scared of failing
         | an audit than they are of the consequences failure of the
         | underlying systems the audits are supposed to be protecting.
         | 
         | If a failed audit is the big scary monster in their closet,
         | then it sounds like the senior leadership is not intimately
         | familiar with the technology and software in general, and is
         | unable to properly weigh the risks of their decisions.
         | 
         | More and more companies are becoming software companies whether
         | they like it or not. The software is essential to the product.
         | And just like you would never want a non-lawyer running your
         | law firm, you don't want a non-software person running your
         | software company.
        
         | temporarely wrote:
         | > So CrowdStrike is deployed as third party software into the
         | critical path of mission critical systems and then left to
         | update itself.
         | 
         | TIL that US government has pressured foreign nations to install
         | a mystery blob in the kernel of machines that run critical
         | software "for compliance".
         | 
         | If this wasn't a providential goof on the part of Crowdstrike
         | -- the entire planet is now aware of this little known fact --
         | then some helpful soul in Crowdstrike has given us a heads-up.
        
         | narrator wrote:
         | No doubt there will be another piece of software mandated to
         | check up on the compliance software. When that causes a global
         | IT outage, software that checks up on the software that checks
         | up on the compliance software will be mandated.
        
         | radiator wrote:
         | Very sharp and to the point, this comment. I would like to add
         | that in large companies the audit will, in my experience, very
         | often examine documents only -- not actual configuration or
         | code.
        
         | phone8675309 wrote:
         | > Orgs are doing this because they are more scared of failing
         | an audit than they are of the consequences failure of the
         | underlying systems the audits are supposed to be protecting.
         | 
         | I've been someone in one of those audit meetings defending
         | decisions made and defending things based on the records we
         | keep and I understand this because it is both a deeply
         | unpleasant and expensive affair to pull people from current
         | projects and place them before auditors for several hours to
         | debate what compliance actually means.
        
         | maxrecursion wrote:
         | I work for government organization that is constantly audited
         | and I've seen this play out over and over.
         | 
         | An important aspect I never see mentioned is most Cyber
         | Security personnel don't have the technical experience to truly
         | understand the systems they are assessing, they are, like you
         | said, just pushing to check those compliance boxes.
         | 
         | I say this as someone who is currently in a Cyber Security
         | role, unfortunately, as I'm coming to learn cyber roles suck.
         | But this isn't a jab at those Cyber Security personnel's
         | intelligence. It's literally impossible to understand multiple
         | systems at a deep level, it takes employees working on those
         | systems weeks to months to understand this stuff, and that's
         | with them being in the loop. Cyber is always on the outside
         | looking in, trying like hell to piece it all together.
         | 
         | Sorry for the rant. I just wanted to add on with my personal
         | opinions on the cyber security framework being severely broken
         | because I deal with it on a daily basis.
        
           | lokar wrote:
           | Our compliance and security people turned up with an urgent
           | request to patch out Linux kernels in AWS.
           | 
           | The pcmcia driver had a vuln
           | 
           | I don't listen to them much anymore
        
           | Hizonner wrote:
           | > It's literally impossible to understand multiple systems at
           | a deep level,\
           | 
           | No, it's not. It takes _above average_ intelligence, and
           | _major_ investment in actual education (not just
           | "training"), and actual depth of experience, but it's not
           | impossible.
        
           | unethical_ban wrote:
           | I know of an important company currently pushing to implement
           | a redundant network data loss prevention solution, while they
           | don't have persistent VPN enabled and multiple known
           | misconfigurations of things that prevent web decryption
           | working properly.
           | 
           | Because someone needs a checkbox.
        
           | zmmmmm wrote:
           | Do you think it comes from a fundamental misconception of how
           | these roles should be structured? My take is that you just
           | can't fundamentally assess technical elements from the
           | outside unless they have been designed that way in the first
           | place (for assessability). For example I educate my team that
           | they have structure their git commits in a way that
           | demonstrates their safety for audit / compliance purposes
           | (never ever combine a high risk change with a low risk one,
           | for example). That should go all the way up the chain.
           | Failure to produce an auditable output is failure to produce
           | an output that can be deployed.
        
         | smsm42 wrote:
         | Well, if you fail at compliance, you can be fired and sometimes
         | even sued. If your compliance efforts cause system wide outage
         | - nobody's to blame, shit happens. I predict this screwup will
         | end up with zero consequences for anyone who took the decisions
         | that led to it too. So how else do you expect this system to
         | evolve, given this incentive structure?
        
         | bargle0 wrote:
         | CrowdStrike, ZScaler, and the rest of these people surely have
         | lobbyists that ensure their software is compelled by
         | regulators.
        
         | 23orj2o3 wrote:
         | When a metric becomes a target ...
        
         | xphilter wrote:
         | It's even worse. The consultants who run the audits (usually
         | business school recent grads) work with other consultants who
         | shill the third party software and implementation work.
        
         | wyager wrote:
         | Zscaler is such insane garbage. Legitimately one of the worst
         | pieces of software I have ever used. If your organization is
         | structurally competent, it will never use Zscaler and will just
         | use wireguard or something.
        
         | ShuffleBoard wrote:
         | Picking up pennies in front of a steamroller...
        
         | Gormo wrote:
         | > So we need to hold regulatory bodies accountable as well -
         | when they frame regulation such that organisations are cornered
         | into this they get to be part of the culpability here too.
         | 
         | Replacing common-law liability with prescriptive regulation is
         | one of the main drivers of this problem today. Instead of
         | holding people accountable for the actual consequences of their
         | decisions, we increasingly attempt to preempt their decisions,
         | which is the very thing that incentivizes cargo-cult "checkbox
         | compliance".
         | 
         | It motivates people who otherwise have skin in the game and
         | immediate situational awareness to outsource their
         | responsibility to systems of generalized rules, which by
         | definition are incapable of dealing effectively with outliers.
        
         | casey2 wrote:
         | It's VERY easy to blame CrowdStrike and companies like them as
         | they are the one LOBBYING for those checkboxes. Both zscaler
         | and Crowdstrike spent 500K last year lobbying.
        
       | YoboDev wrote:
       | My team and I have begun to refer to this issue as CrowdStroke
        
       | naizarak wrote:
       | this is really microsoft's fault for handing out kernel access to
       | random 3rd parties, none of which are doing anything special that
       | microsoft couldn't implement themselves (AV, anti-cheat,
       | security)
        
         | immibis wrote:
         | Yes, Microsoft should just grant itself a monopoly on all those
         | markets "for your own safety" and see what happens with their
         | lawyers.
        
           | commandersaki wrote:
           | Or do what Apple does, disallow kernel extensions, and
           | provide rigid kernel faciltiies for VPN clients, EDR agents,
           | etc. to use, so they don't have to implement custom code
           | resident in the kernel.
        
             | immibis wrote:
             | Apple can disallow kernel extensions because it fully
             | controls the entire hardware and software stack. Everything
             | that would need to be an extension is already in the kernel
             | and Apple knows all of those things.
        
       | dschuetz wrote:
       | I wonder who exactly messed up the update, microsoft or
       | crowdstrike. Usually, there is pre-rollout update testing AND
       | some companies use N-1 version staging for critical/production
       | systems. For me it feels much more complex a failure than just
       | "it's crowdstrike's fault". Everybody involved must have done
       | _something_ wrong.
        
         | dschuetz wrote:
         | That was quick: Microsoft is blaming "3rd party" and announced
         | that "a fix is forthcoming". Very curious indeed.
         | https://techcrunch.com/2024/07/19/banks-airlines-brokerage-h...
        
       | runningmike wrote:
       | Guess we will never read the real facts. Truth is RMS was right.
       | Again. Closed source security software is too often malware by
       | design. We need open solutions we can truly trust.
        
         | wcski wrote:
         | > Closed source security software is too often malware by
         | design.
         | 
         | Can you be more specific? Genuinely curious what you mean here.
        
           | lizknope wrote:
           | Crowdstrike is closed source security software.
           | 
           | What's the difference between malware and what Crowdstrike
           | has done to the world today?
           | 
           | We might as well reclassify Crowdstrike as malware and remove
           | it from all computers to avoid this situation in the future.
        
             | wcski wrote:
             | The difference is that the intent of malware is to disrupt.
             | 
             | Is gasoline useless just because it explodes when you light
             | a match next to it?
             | 
             | edit to add: OSS is not inherently more secure than closed
             | source.
        
               | lizknope wrote:
               | Gasoline is very useful. We also take a lot of
               | precautions when using it.
               | 
               | We also have things like inspections and financial
               | penalties if you were storing it in an unsafe manner.
               | 
               | It's clear we need to take more precautions before using
               | Crowdstrike. More testing, ability by IT departments to
               | not push updates, ability to rollback updates.
        
       | AndrewDucker wrote:
       | This is, of course, why they should be doing phased rollouts. 1%
       | of their customers, then 10%, then all the rest.
        
         | 0x1ceb00da wrote:
         | Or just test your code?
        
           | AndrewDucker wrote:
           | Both. No testing is going to catch everything. And if it only
           | hits 1 computer in 100 then your local testing will probably
           | miss it
        
       | Dentrax wrote:
       | I'm just curious, don't they have something like "gradual
       | rollout" to update their app? They just bulk-update
       | simultaneously across entire agents? No way. Something is a bit
       | off for me. But there are good lessons to learn for sure.
        
         | Jamie9912 wrote:
         | My company stays multiple versions behind latest for this exact
         | reason, but we were still affected
        
           | bravetraveler wrote:
           | I'm a bit unfamiliar with this stuff anymore... supposedly it
           | was a content update, not the agent itself :/
        
             | bobo_legos wrote:
             | Surely though these content updates must go through some
             | kind of regression testing right? Right?
        
               | bravetraveler wrote:
               | Party _' try not to cry'_, me and you
        
           | modestygrime wrote:
           | I read that they pushed a new configuration file, so possibly
           | they don't consider that a "software update" and pushed it to
           | everyone. Which is obviously insane. If I am publishing
           | software, it doesn't matter if I've changed a .py file or a
           | .yaml file. A change is a change and it's going to be tagged
           | with a new version.
        
           | Capricorn2481 wrote:
           | Wondering, how were you affected if you didn't update?
        
             | Jamie9912 wrote:
             | they likely pushed an update to all versions, or updated
             | their updater(?) not exactly aware to us at the moment
        
       | felix_kirkine wrote:
       | Just gonna leave this here:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32548671
        
       | grahar64 wrote:
       | I wonder what the rollout procedure is for CrowdStrike. I put
       | $100 down that this was a minor update they decided was so
       | minimal it didn't need extensive testing.
       | 
       | So many places use the "emergency break glass rollout procedure"
       | on every deploy because it doesn't require all the hassle
        
         | jaza wrote:
         | Considering what CrowdStrike's software does, I'd say the
         | majority of their updates could be quite easily argued as being
         | "emergency" updates, so yeah, quite possibly they've gotten
         | into the habit of "omg URGENT must break glass" way too often.
        
       | vinay_ys wrote:
       | If you are IT team for a large impactful organization, you have
       | to control updates to your organization's fleet. You cannot let
       | vendors push updates directly. You have to stage those updates
       | and test them and then do a gradual rollout to your whole
       | organization.
       | 
       | Plus, for your critical communication systems, you must have a
       | disaster recovery plan that actually helps you recover quickly in
       | minutes, not hours or days. And you have to exercise this plan
       | regularly.
       | 
       | If you are crowd strike, shame on you for not testing your
       | product better. You failed to meet a very low bar. You just
       | shipped a 100% reproducible widely impactful bug. Your customers
       | must leave you for a more diligent vendor.
       | 
       | And I really hope the leadership teams in every software
       | engineering organization learn a valuable lesson from this -
       | listen to that lone senior engineer in your leadership team who
       | pushes for better craft and operational rigor in your engineering
       | culture; take it seriously - it has real business impact.
        
       | latexr wrote:
       | There's already a Wikipedia page on the outage.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_2024_global_cyber_outages
        
         | omoikane wrote:
         | It now redirects to a new page that names CrowdStrike
         | specifically.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_CrowdStrike_incident
        
       | agilob wrote:
       | Do we have any estimates how many machines are affected?
        
       | bidikburger wrote:
       | how can billion dollar company push update before testing?
        
       | crypt1d wrote:
       | This never would have happened if all these orgs used a
       | blockchain.
       | 
       | /sarcasm
       | 
       | /but is it really?
        
       | hellajack3d wrote:
       | I guess this article might need some updating soon:
       | 
       | https://www.crowdstrike.com/resources/reports/total-economic...
        
         | jeffrallen wrote:
         | > ...delivers -407% ROI...
         | 
         | FTFY.
        
         | JonChesterfield wrote:
         | "Falcon Complete managed detection and response (MDR) delivers
         | 403% ROI, zero breaches and zero hidden costs"
        
           | clwg wrote:
           | I'm always curious on how security software can provide a
           | ROI.
           | 
           | I had McAfee tell me one time that the hackersafe logo on our
           | website would increase sales by 10%, this was at a Fortune 50
           | doing billions in sales online every year.
           | 
           | I was pretty hyped because it would have done wonders for my
           | career, but then they walked it back and wouldn't explain it
           | to me. I wasn't mad, I was disappointed.
        
             | adrr wrote:
             | I ran an AB test on 2012 not sure its relevant now, we
             | tested the McAfee logo and conversion was boosted by 2%.
             | Bigger boost was a lock icon, 3%. It kept increasing the
             | more locks we added an topped at 5% after 5 lock icons.
        
               | uticus wrote:
               | The intersection of ROI and human psychology!
               | 
               | 1 lock: "looks safe, I buy"
               | 
               | 2 locks: "wow really safe, I buy more"
               | 
               | 50 locks: "I'm being lied to"
        
       | w4rh4wk5 wrote:
       | I love the name! Really tells you what's going on ^^
        
       | ghoshbishakh wrote:
       | No worries for us. https://pinggy.io/ is working like a charm :)
        
         | StrLght wrote:
         | From the guidelines:
         | 
         | > Don't solicit upvotes, comments, or submissions. Users should
         | vote and comment when they run across something they personally
         | find interesting--not for promotion.
        
       | nvarsj wrote:
       | Was involved in a "security mandated" mandatory rollout of
       | Crowdstrike at my prior company.
       | 
       | This software was utter shit, and broke stuff all over the place.
       | And installs itself as basically malware into critical paths
       | everywhere. We objected to ever using it as a SPOF, but was
       | overruled.
       | 
       | So yeah, not remotely surprised this happened.
       | 
       | Any kind of middleware/dynamic agent is highly suspect in my
       | experience and to be avoided.
        
       | mrinfinitiesx wrote:
       | Half of the world's computers are down. The biggest tech failure
       | of our time. Airports. Banks. NYSE. 298 of the fortune 500
       | companies. RIP.
        
       | mads_quist wrote:
       | I'm actually very fond of "fail fast" and "no blame" culture, but
       | someone needs to get fired for this!
        
       | mrkramer wrote:
       | Windows breaking computers since 1985.
        
       | RadixDLT wrote:
       | does Russia has something to do with this?
        
       | bsodfriday wrote:
       | https://isitbsodfriday.com/
        
       | birracerveza wrote:
       | Feels like what people imagined the millennium bug would have
       | been like, just short of PCs catching on fire.
        
       | simonjgreen wrote:
       | CrowdStrike have finally posted publicly on it:
       | https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/statement-on-windows-sensor...
        
         | alibarber wrote:
         | Brilliant press release:
         | 
         | - Not apologetic
         | 
         | - An 'issue' in a 'single' release
         | 
         | I bet they were originally planning on starting with a
         | '[reported by a] small number of customers' too.
        
           | user3939382 wrote:
           | "We've encountered a small single issue in which.. _cough_
           | we've crashed all the computers in the world..."
        
             | alibarber wrote:
             | "A specific and limited subset of computers on a single
             | globe"
        
           | Daedren wrote:
           | Their legal team would definitely not allow nothing else.
        
       | DebtDeflation wrote:
       | This is pretty wild. I woke up to a news alert on my phone
       | stating a "global IT outage" took down banks, airlines (who were
       | calling for a global ground stop for all flights), hospitals,
       | emergency services, etc. Expected it to be some sort of Tier 1
       | Network issue. Nope, a failed update for some third party Windows
       | security app.
        
       | xorcist wrote:
       | We often read about how organizations are so bad because they
       | don't spend enough on security. That slope is particularly
       | slippy.
       | 
       | Crowdstrike is _very_ expensive.
        
         | jaza wrote:
         | Today's incident shows that the real problem is actually that
         | organisations spend too much (money, but too little time /
         | manpower) on security.
         | 
         | Hey, third-party vendor, I'll give you all the money you want,
         | I'll let you pwn all my systems, I'll be your little bitch,
         | just make me secure, I don't have time for all that security
         | shit, kthxbye.
        
       | piva00 wrote:
       | It's bizarre reading all the headlines about companies offline,
       | flights canceled, banks not working because of a piece of
       | antivirus software in 2024.
       | 
       | Mostly because I lived through Y2K and every fear about Y2K just
       | materialised but because of Crowdstrike instead.
       | 
       | I can't imagine the amount of wasted work this will create, not
       | only the lost of operations across many industries but recovery
       | will be absolute hell with Bitlocker. How many corporate users
       | have access to their encryption keys? And when stored centrally,
       | how many of the servers have Crowdstrike running and just got
       | stuck in a boot loop now?
       | 
       | I don't envy the next days/weeks for Windows IT admins of the
       | world...
        
       | sidmkp96 wrote:
       | The thing that amazes me is how they've rolled out such a buggy
       | change at such a scale. I would assume that for such critical
       | systems, there would be a gradual rollout policy, so that not
       | everything goes down at once.
        
         | mavamaarten wrote:
         | This. I can see such an update shipping out for a few users. I
         | mean I've shipped app updates that failed spectacularly in
         | production due to a silly oversight (specifically: broken on a
         | specific Android version), but those were all caught before
         | shipping the app out to literally everybody around the world at
         | the same time.
        
         | CubsFan1060 wrote:
         | The only thing I can think of is they were trying to defend
         | from a very severe threat very quickly. But... it seems like if
         | they tested this on one machine they'd have found it.
        
           | escapecharacter wrote:
           | That's the most charitable hypothesis, and I agree could be
           | possible!
           | 
           | I myself have ninja-shipped a fix a minor problem, but then
           | caused a worse problem since I rushed it.
        
             | pvillano wrote:
             | I pushed a one-character fix and broke it a second time
        
           | trusche wrote:
           | "works on my machine" at Internet scale. What a scary thought
        
           | altdataseller wrote:
           | Unless that threat was a 0day bug that allows anyone to SSH
           | to any machine with any public key, it was not worth pushing
           | it out in haste. Full stop. No excuses.
        
             | pbhjpbhj wrote:
             | Can't boot, can't get cracked! Big brain thinking.
        
           | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
           | I'd love to know what the original threat was. I hope it was
           | something dumb like applying new branding colors to the
           | systray indicator.
        
         | peheje wrote:
         | With fear of sounding like a douche-bag, I honestly believe
         | there's A LOT of incompetence in the tech-world, which
         | permeates all layers, security companies, AV companies, OS
         | companies etc.
         | 
         | I really blame the whole power-structure, it looked like the
         | engineers had the power, but last 10 years tech has been turned
         | upside-down and exploited as any other industry, controlled by
         | the opportunistic and greedy people. Everything is about making
         | money, shipping features, the engineering is lost.
         | 
         | Would you rather tick compliance boxes easily or think deep
         | about your critical path? Would you rather pay 100k for a
         | skilled engineer or 5 cheaper (new) ones? Would you rather sell
         | your HW now despite pushing feature-incomplete buggy app
         | ruining the experience for many many customers? Will you listen
         | to your engineers?
         | 
         | I also blame us, the SWE engineers, we are waay to easily
         | busied around by these types of people who have no clue. Have
         | professional integrity, tests is not optional or something that
         | can be cut, it's part of SWE. Gradual rollout, feature-toggles,
         | fall-backs/watchdogs etc. basic tools everyone should know.
        
           | commandersaki wrote:
           | I know people really dislike how Apple restricts your freedom
           | to use their software in any way they don't intend. But this
           | is one of the times where they shine.
           | 
           | Apple recognised kernel extension brought all sorts of
           | trouble for users such as instability, crashing, etc. and
           | presented a juicy attack surface. They deprecated and
           | eventually disallowed kernel extensions supplanting them with
           | a system extensions framework to provide interfaces for VPN
           | functionality, EDR agents, etc.
           | 
           | A Crowdstrike agent couldn't panic or boot loop macOS due to
           | a bug in the code when using this interface.
        
             | Avamander wrote:
             | Microsoft is also trying to make drivers and similar safer
             | with HVCI, WDAC, ELAM and similar efforts.
             | 
             | But given how a large part of their moat is backwards
             | compatibility, very few of those things are the default and
             | even then probably wouldn't have prevented this scenario.
        
               | nimish wrote:
               | > large part of their moat is backwards compatibility
               | 
               | This is more of a religious belief than truth, IMO. They
               | could strong-arm recalcitrant customers, but they don't.
        
               | vetinari wrote:
               | > They could strong-arm recalcitrant customers, but they
               | don't.
               | 
               | They really can't. When the customers have to redo their
               | stack, they might do that in a way that doesn't need
               | Microsoft at all.
        
               | nimish wrote:
               | These customers wouldn't be able to do that in time
               | frames measured in anything but decades and/or they would
               | risk going bankrupt attempting to switch.
               | 
               | Microsoft has far more leverage than they choose to
               | exert, for various reasons.
        
               | nullindividual wrote:
               | Microsoft has routinely changed the display driver model,
               | breaking backward compatibility. They've also barred
               | print drivers.
        
             | rightbyte wrote:
             | If the user want remote code execution (auto updates are)
             | in kernel space, let them.
             | 
             | Apple sell the whole hardware stack. I don't think limeting
             | drivers would fly on Windows or Linux.
        
               | commandersaki wrote:
               | Pretty sure there's an exception for drivers but requires
               | at minimum notarisation from Apple, but more likely a
               | review as well.
        
               | madeofpalk wrote:
               | They just developed a new framework that allows drivers
               | to work just in user space
               | https://developer.apple.com/documentation/driverkit
        
               | 12_throw_away wrote:
               | Well - recognition where it's due - that actually looks
               | pretty great. (Assuming that, contrary to prior behavior,
               | they actually support it, and fix bugs without breaking
               | backwards compatibility every release, and don't keep
               | swapping it out for newer frameworks, etc etc)
        
               | jimbokun wrote:
               | No.
               | 
               | Go buy a different product if you want that
               | functionality. I'm sticking with my Apple phone so
               | outages like this are much less likely to affect me.
        
               | BobaFloutist wrote:
               | Ok what if they sold it off by default but there was a
               | physical switch that could turn it on, that required
               | hardware access?
               | 
               | Good compromise?
        
               | umanwizard wrote:
               | That's exactly how macOS works (except it's not a
               | physical switch). You can disable SIP if you have
               | hardware access to a machine.
        
               | rightbyte wrote:
               | I would be fine with jumpers, ye.
        
             | brightlancer wrote:
             | > I know people really dislike how Apple restricts your
             | freedom to use their software in any way they don't intend.
             | But this is one of the times where they shine.
             | 
             | Yes, the problem here is that the system owners had too
             | much control over their systems.
             | 
             | No, no, that's the EXACT OPPOSITE of what happened. The
             | problem is Crowdstrike had too much control of systems --
             | arguing that we should instead give that control to Apple
             | is just swapping out who's holding the gun.
        
               | maksimum wrote:
               | This is good nuance to add to the conversation, thanks.
               | 
               | I think in most cases you have to trust some group of
               | parties. As an individual you likely don't have enough
               | time and expertise to fully validate everything that runs
               | on your hardware.
               | 
               | Do you trust the OSS community, hardware vendors, OS
               | vendors like IBM, Apple, M$, do you trust third party
               | vendors like Crowdstrike?
               | 
               | For me, I prefer to minimize the number of parties I have
               | to trust, and my trust is based on historical track
               | record. I don't mind paying and giving up functionality.
        
               | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
               | Even if you've trusted too many people, and been burned,
               | we should design our systems such that you can revoke
               | that trust after the fact and become un-burned.
               | 
               | Having to boot into safe mode and remove the file is a
               | pretty clumsy remediation. Better would be to boot into
               | some kind of trust-management interface and distrust
               | cloudstrike updates dated after July 17, then rebuild
               | your system accordingly (this wouldn't be difficult to
               | implement with nix).
               | 
               | Of course you can only benefit from that approach if you
               | trust the end user a bit more than we typically do.
               | Physical access should always be enough to access the
               | trust management interface, anything else is just another
               | vector for spooky action at a distance.
        
               | MinusGix wrote:
               | It is some mix of priorities along the frontier, with
               | Apple being on the significantly controlling end such
               | that I wouldn't want to bother. Your trust should also be
               | based on prediction, and giving a major company even more
               | control over what your systems are allowed to do has been
               | historically bad and only gets worse. Even if Apple is
               | properly ethical now (I'm skeptical, I think they've
               | found a decently sized niche and that most of their users
               | wouldn't drop them even if they moved to significantly
               | higher levels of telemetry, due to being a status good in
               | part), there's little reason to give them that power in
               | perpetuity. Removing that control when it is absued
               | hasn't gone well in the past.
        
               | paulmd wrote:
               | > arguing that we should instead give that control to
               | Apple is just swapping out who's holding the gun.
               | 
               | apple wrote the OS, in this scenario they're already
               | holding a nuke, and getting the gun out of crowdstrike's
               | hands is in fact a win.
               | 
               | it is self-evident that 300 countries having nukes is
               | less safe than 5 countries having them. Getting nukes
               | (kernel modules) out of the hands of randos is a good
               | thing even if the OS vendor still has kernel access
               | (which they couldn't possibly _not_ have) and might have
               | problems of their own. IDK why that 's even worthy of
               | having to be stated.
               | 
               | don't let the perfect be the enemy of the good,
               | incremental improvements in the state of things is still
               | improvement. there is a silly amount of black-and-white
               | thinking around "popular" targets like apple and nvidia
               | (see: anything to do with the open-firmware-driver) etc.
               | 
               | "sure google is taking all your personal data and using
               | it to target ads to your web searches, but apple also has
               | sponsored/promoted apps in the app store!" is a similarly
               | trite level of discourse that is nonetheless tolerated
               | when it's targeted at the right brand.
        
               | pertymcpert wrote:
               | Perfectly stated!
        
             | adrr wrote:
             | I can't run a 10year old game on my Mac but i can run a 30
             | year old game on my windows 11 box. Microsoft prioritizes
             | backwards compatibility for older software,
        
               | mulmen wrote:
               | If you are a Crowdstrike customer you can't run anything
               | today.
        
               | adrr wrote:
               | For apple you just need to be an apple customer, they do
               | a good job on crashing computers with their OSX updates
               | like Sonoma. I remember my first macbook pro retina
               | couldn't go to sleep because it wouldn't wake up till
               | apple decided to release a fix for it. Good thing they
               | don't make server OSes.
        
               | p_l wrote:
               | I remember fearing every OSX update because until they
               | switched to just shipping read-only partition images you
               | had considerable chance of hitting a bug in Installer.app
               | that resulted in infinite loop... (the bug existed since
               | ~10.6 until they switched to image-based updates...)
        
               | branko_d wrote:
               | You can't run a 30 year old driver in Windows, nor a 10
               | year old in all likelihood.
               | 
               | Microsoft prioritizes userspace compatibility, but their
               | driver models have changed (relatively) frequently.
        
               | mdavidn wrote:
               | Maybe. Have you tried? 30 year old games often did not
               | implement delta timing, so they advance ridiculously fast
               | on modern processors. Or the games required a memory mode
               | not supported by modern Windows (see real mode, expanded
               | memory, protected mode), requiring DOSBox or other
               | emulator to run today.
               | 
               | DOSBox runs on Mac too, incidentally.
        
               | wtallis wrote:
               | 30 years ago would be 1994. Were there any 32-bit Windows
               | games in 1994 other than the version of FreeCell included
               | with Win32s?
               | 
               | 16-bit games (for DOS or Windows) won't run natively
               | under Windows 11 because there's no 32-bit version of
               | Windows 11 and switching a 64-bit CPU back to legacy mode
               | to get access to the 16-bit execution modes is painful.
        
               | eviks wrote:
               | A 10 year old driver would crash your system, and you
               | can't install some VM like you can with some game. Not
               | that great prioritization
        
           | donatj wrote:
           | Yes. I have been working in the tech industry since the early
           | aughts and I never seen the industry so weak on engineer lead
           | firms. Something really happened and the industry flipped.
        
           | williamvds wrote:
           | Far from being douchey, I think you've hit the nail on the
           | head. No one is perfect, we're all incompetent to some
           | extent. You've written shitty code, I've definitely written
           | shitty code. There's little time or consideration given to
           | going back and improving things. Unless you're lucky enough
           | to have financial support while working on a FOSS project
           | where writing quality software is actually prioritized.
           | 
           | I get the appeal software developers have to start from
           | scratch and write their own kernel, or OS, etc. And then you
           | realize that working with modern hardware is just as messy.
           | 
           | We all stack our own house of cards upon another. Unless we
           | tear it all down and start again with a sane stable
           | structure, events like this will keep happening.
        
           | l33t7332273 wrote:
           | I know 100k+ engineers (some in security) that definitely
           | should not be described as skilled.
        
             | 1over137 wrote:
             | Wow, you know a lot of people!
        
           | hnthrowaway0328 wrote:
           | I think you are correct on that many SWEs are incompetent. I
           | definitely am. I wish I had the time and passion to go
           | through a complete self-training of CS fundamentals using
           | Open Course resources.
        
             | ken47 wrote:
             | You do realize that knowledge of CS fundamentals is
             | _extremely_ unlikely to have prevented this?
        
           | locococo wrote:
           | I don't know that incompetence is the best way to describe
           | the forces at play but I agree with your sentiment.
           | 
           | There is always tension between business people and
           | engineering. Where the engineers want things to be perfect
           | and safe, because we need to fix the arising issues during
           | nights and weekends. The business people are interested in
           | getting features released, and don't always understand the
           | risks by pushing arbitrary dates.
           | 
           | It's a tradeoff which in healthy organizations where the two
           | sides and leadership communicate effectively is well managed.
        
             | sealeck wrote:
             | > Where the engineers want things to be perfect and safe,
             | because we need to fix the arising issues during nights and
             | weekends. The business people are interested in getting
             | features released, and don't always understand the risks by
             | pushing arbitrary dates.
             | 
             | Isn't this issue a vindication of the engineering approach
             | to management, where you try to _not_ brick thousands of
             | computers because you wanted to meet some internal deadline
             | faster?
        
             | carapace wrote:
             | > There is always tension between business people and
             | engineering.
             | 
             | Really? I think this situation (and the situation with
             | Boeing!) shows that the tension is between ultimately
             | between responsibility and irresponsibility.
             | 
             | I cannot be said that this is a win for short-sighted and
             | incompetent business people?
             | 
             | If people don't understand the risks they shouldn't be
             | making the decisions.
        
             | jimbokun wrote:
             | You don't consider bricking a considerable fraction of the
             | world's computers in a way that's difficult to recover from
             | incompetence?
        
               | locococo wrote:
               | Maybe it is. I don't like the connotation of it though.
               | 
               | It implies some sort of individual failure when I think
               | it's an organizational failure is what I am was trying to
               | say.
        
           | yard2010 wrote:
           | Pardon my snarkiness but this is what you get when imbeciles
           | MBAs and marketers run every company, not engineers.
        
             | sbuk wrote:
             | Applying rigorous engineering principles is not something I
             | see developers doing often. Whether or not it's
             | incompetence on their part, or pressure from 'imbecile MBAs
             | and marketers', it doesn't matter. They are software
             | developers, _not_ engineers. Engineers in most countries
             | have to belong to a professional body and meet specific
             | standards before they can practice as professionals. Any
             | asshat can call themselves a  'software engineer', the
             | current situation being a prime example, or was this a
             | marketing decision?
        
               | isaacremuant wrote:
               | You're making the title be more than it is. This won't
               | get solved by more certification. The checkbox of having
               | certified security is what allowed it to happen in the
               | first place.
        
               | sbuk wrote:
               | No. Engineering means something. This is a software
               | 'engineering' problem. If the field wants the
               | nomenclature, then it behooves them to apply rigour to
               | who can call themselves an engineer or architect. Blaming
               | middle management is missing the wood for the trees. The
               | root cause was a bad patch. That is developments fault,
               | and no one else's. As to why this fault could happen,
               | well the design of Windows should be scrutinised. Again,
               | middle management isn't really to blame here, software
               | architects and engineers design the infrastructure, they
               | choose to use Windows for a variety of reasons.
               | 
               | The point here m trying to make is blaming "MBAs and
               | marketing" shifts blame and misses the wood for the
               | trees. The OP is as on the holier-than-thou "engineer"
               | trip. They are not engineers.
        
           | MetaWhirledPeas wrote:
           | > I honestly believe there's A LOT of incompetence in the
           | tech-world
           | 
           | I can understand why. An engineer with expertise in one area
           | can be a dunce in another; the line between concerns can be
           | blurry; and expectations continue to change. Finding the
           | right people with the right expertise is hard.
        
           | jimbokun wrote:
           | > it looked like the engineers
           | 
           | Engineers can be lazy and greedy, too. But at least they
           | should better understand the risks of cutting corners.
           | 
           | > Have professional integrity, tests is not optional or
           | something that can be cut, it's part of SWE. Gradual rollout,
           | feature-toggles, fall-backs/watchdogs etc. basic tools
           | everyone should know.
           | 
           | In my career, my solution for this has been to just include
           | doing things "the right way" as part of the estimate, and not
           | give management the option to select a "cutting corners"
           | option. The "cutting corners" option not only adds more risk,
           | but rarely saves time anyway when you inevitably have to
           | manually roll things back or do it over.
        
             | 12_throw_away wrote:
             | Sigh, I've tried this. So management reassigned to a dev
             | who was happy to ship a simalcrum of the thing that, at
             | best, doesn't work or, at worst, is full of security holes
             | and gives incorrect results. And this makes management
             | happy because something shipped! Metrics go up!
             | 
             | And then they ask why, exactly, did the senior engineer say
             | this would take so long? Why always so difficult?
        
           | dclowd9901 wrote:
           | We're definitely in a moment. I've seen a large shift away
           | from discipline in the field. People don't seem to care about
           | professionalism or "good work".
           | 
           | I mean back in the mid teens we had the whole "move fast and
           | break things" motif. I think that quickly morphed into "be
           | agile" because no one actually felt good about breaking
           | things.
           | 
           | We don't really have any software engineering leaders these
           | days. It would be nice if one stood up and said "stop being
           | awful. Let's be professionals and earn our money." Like,
           | let's create our own oath.
        
             | gedy wrote:
             | > We don't really have any software engineering leaders
             | these days. It would be nice if one stood up and said "stop
             | being awful. Let's be professionals and earn our money."
             | 
             | I assume you realize that you don't get very far in many
             | companies when you do that. I'm not humble-bragging, but I
             | used to say just this over past 10-15 years even when in
             | senior/leadership positions, and it ended up giving me a
             | reputation of "oh, gedy is difficult", and you get
             | sidelined by more "helpful" junior devs and managers who
             | are willing to sling shit over the wall to please product.
             | It's really not worth it.
        
               | layer8 wrote:
               | It's a matter of getting a critical mass of people who do
               | that. In other words, changing the general culture. I'm
               | lucky to work at a company that more or less has that
               | culture.
        
               | dclowd9901 wrote:
               | Yeah I've found this is largely cultural, and it needs to
               | come from the top.
               | 
               | The best orgs have a gnarly, time-wisened engineer in a
               | VP role who somehow is also a good people person, and
               | pushes both up and down engineering quality above all
               | else. It's a very very rare combination.
        
               | matrix87 wrote:
               | If it's a mature system and management is highly risk
               | averse, not fucking up means more than slinging shit
               | quickly
        
             | photonbeam wrote:
             | Need to make software developers legally liable like other
             | engineers, that will cause a huge behavioral shift
        
               | avgDev wrote:
               | IMO, if you want to write code for anything mission
               | critical you should need some kind of state
               | certification, especially when you are writing code for
               | stuff that is used by govt., hospitals, finance etc.
        
               | layer8 wrote:
               | Certifications by themselves don't help if the culture
               | around them doesn't change. Otherwise it's just rubber-
               | stamping.
        
               | bc569a80a344f9c wrote:
               | Not certification, licensure. That can and will be taken
               | away if you violate the code of ethics. Which in this
               | case means the code of conduct dictated to you by your
               | industry instead of whatever you find ethical.
               | 
               | Like a license to be a doctor, lawyer, or civil engineer.
               | 
               | There's - perhaps rightfully, but certainly predictably -
               | a lot of software engineers in this thread moaning about
               | how evil management makes poor engineers cut corners.
               | Great, licensure addresses that. You don't cut corners if
               | doing so and getting caught means you never get to work
               | in your field again. Any threat management can bring to
               | the table is not as bad as that. And management is far
               | less likely to even try if they can't just replace you
               | with a less scrupulous engineer (and there are many, many
               | unscrupulous engineers) because there aren't any because
               | they're all subject to the same code of ethics. Licensure
               | gives engineers leverage.
               | 
               | Super unpopular concept, though.
        
               | morgante wrote:
               | Certifications and compliance regimes are what got us
               | into this mess in the first place.
        
               | hnick wrote:
               | I think that could cause a huge shift away from
               | contributing to or being the maintainer of open source
               | software. It would be too risky if those standards were
               | applied and they couldn't use the standard "as is, no
               | warranties" disclaimers.
        
               | salawat wrote:
               | Actually, no it wouldn't, as the licensire would likely
               | be tied with providing the service on a paid basis to
               | others. You could write or maintain any codebase you
               | want. Once you start consuming it for an employer though,
               | the licensure kicks in.
               | 
               | Paid/subsidized maintainers may be a different story
               | though. But there absolutely should be some level of
               | teeth and stake wieldable by a professional SWE to resist
               | pushes to "just do the unethical/dangerous thing" by
               | management.
        
               | dclowd9901 wrote:
               | I'd be ok with this so long as 1) there are rules about
               | what constitutes properly built software and 2) there are
               | protections for engineers who adhere to these rules
        
             | jjav wrote:
             | > We're definitely in a moment. I've seen a large shift
             | away from discipline in the field. People don't seem to
             | care about professionalism or "good work".
             | 
             | Agreed. Thinking back to my experience at a company like
             | Sun, every build was tested on every combination of
             | hardware and OS releases (and probably patch levels, don't
             | remember). This took a long time and a very large number of
             | machines running the entire test suites. After that all
             | passed ok, the release would be rolled out internally for
             | dogfooding.
             | 
             | To me that's the base level of responsibility an
             | engineering organization must have.
             | 
             | Here, apparently, Crowdstrike lets a code change through
             | with little to no testing and immediately pushes it out to
             | the entire world! And this is from a product that is
             | effectively a backdoor to every host. What could go wrong?
             | YOLO right?
             | 
             | This mindset is why I grow to hate what the tech industry
             | has become.
        
             | cyanydeez wrote:
             | Greed and MBAs have colonized the far ends of the techno
             | sphere.
        
             | totallywrong wrote:
             | As an infra guy, it seems like all my biggest fights at
             | work lately have been about quality. Long abandoned
             | dependencies that never get updated, little to no testing,
             | constant push to take things to prod before they're ready.
             | Not to mention all the security issues that get shrugged
             | off in the name of convenience.
             | 
             | I find both management and devs are to blame. For some
             | reason the amazingly knowledgeable developers I read on
             | here daily are never to be found at work.
        
               | dclowd9901 wrote:
               | Yes. I've had the same experience. Literally have had
               | engineers get upset with me when I asked them to consider
               | optimizing code or refactor out complexity. "Yeah we'll
               | do it in a follow up, this needs to ship _now_ ," is what
               | I always end up hearing. We're not their technical leads
               | but we get pulled into a lot of PRs because we have
               | oversight on a lot of areas of the codebase. From our
               | purview, it's just constantly deteriorating.
        
           | ThrowawayR2 wrote:
           | "Listen to the engineers?" The problem is that there are no
           | engineers, in the proper sense of the term. What there are is
           | tons and tons of software developers who are all too happy to
           | be lax about security and safe designs for their own
           | convenience and fight back hard against security analysts and
           | QA when called out on it.
        
           | citizen_friend wrote:
           | Nobody did gradual rollout in 1992
        
             | neffy wrote:
             | Not entirely true. The company I worked for, major network
             | equipment provider, had a customer user group that had
             | self-organised to take it in turns to be the first customer
             | to deploy major new software builds. It mostly worked well.
        
           | altdataseller wrote:
           | I would add that a lot of ppl in this industry also just
           | blindly follow the herd too, without any independent
           | thinking.
           | 
           | Oh, everyone is using Crowdstrike? I guess i have to do so
           | too!
           | 
           | Oh, everyone is using Kubernetes? I guess i better start
           | migrating our services to it too!
           | 
           | Oh, everyone is using this fancy Vercel stuff? We better use
           | it too!
           | 
           | Oh everyone is migrating their workloads to the cloud even
           | tho we dont need to and it costs 5x more?!! We better do so
           | too!!
        
           | nyarlathotep_ wrote:
           | > I also blame us, the SWE engineers, we are waay to easily
           | busied around by these types of people who have no clue. Have
           | professional integrity, tests is not optional or something
           | that can be cut, it's part of SWE.
           | 
           | Then maybe most of what's done in the "tech-industry" isn't,
           | in any real sense, "engineering"?
           | 
           | I'd argue the areas where there's actual "engineering" in
           | software are the least discussed---example being hard real-
           | time systems for Engine Control Units/ABS systems etc.
           | 
           | That _has_ to work, unlike the latest CRUD/React thingy that
           | had "engineering" processes of cargo-culting whatever
           | framework is cool now and subjective nonsense like "code
           | smells" and whatever design pattern is "needed" for "scale"
           | or some such crap.
           | 
           | Perhaps actual engineering approaches could be applied to
           | software development at large, but it wouldn't look like what
           | most programmers do, day to day, now.
           | 
           | How is mission-critical software designed, tested, and QA'd?
           | Why not try those approaches?
        
             | bobsomers wrote:
             | Amen to that. Software Engineering as a discipline badly
             | suffers from not incorporating well-known methods for
             | preventing these kinds of disasters from Systems
             | Engineering.
             | 
             | And when I say Systems Engineering I don't mean Systems
             | Programming, I mean real Systems Engineering:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_engineering
             | 
             | > How is mission-critical software designed, tested, and
             | QA'd? Why not try those approaches?
             | 
             | Ultimately, because it is more expensive and slower to do
             | things correctly, though I would argue that while you lose
             | speed initially with activities like actually thinking
             | through your requirements and your verification and
             | validation strategies, you end up _gaining_ speed later
             | when you 're iterating on a correct system implementation
             | because you have established extremely valuable guardrails
             | that keep you focused and on the right track.
             | 
             | At the end of the day, the real failure is in the risk
             | estimation of the damage done when these kinds of systems
             | fail. We foolishly think that this kind of widespread
             | disastrous failure is less likely than it really is, or the
             | damage won't be as bad. If we accurately quantified that
             | risk, many more systems we build would fall under the rigor
             | of proper engineering practices.
        
             | jcgrillo wrote:
             | Accountability would drive this. Engineering liability
             | codes are a thing, trade liability codes are a thing. If
             | you do work that isn't up to code, and harm results, you're
             | liable. Nobody is holding us software developers
             | accountable, so it's no wonder these things continue to
             | happen.
        
           | rustcleaner wrote:
           | Just wait until the PE licensing requirements come to legally
           | charge money for code.
        
           | ken47 wrote:
           | In most companies, businesspeople without any real software
           | dev experience control the purse strings. Such people should
           | never run companies that sell life-or-death software.
           | 
           | The reality is there is plenty of space in the software
           | industry to trade off velocity against "competent" software
           | engineering. Take Instagram as an example. No one is going to
           | die if e.g. a bug causes someone's IG photo upload to only
           | appear in a proper subset of the feeds where it should
           | appear.
           | 
           | There's a lot of incompetence by choice.
        
             | marcodave wrote:
             | In the civil engineering world, at least in Europe, the
             | lead engineer would sign papers that would put him as
             | liable if a bridge or a building structure collapses on its
             | own. The civil engineers face literal prison time if they
             | make a sloppy work.
             | 
             | In the software engineering world, we have TOSs that deny
             | any liability if the software fails. Why?
             | 
             | It boils my blood to think that the heads of CrowdStrike
             | would maybe get a slap on the wrist and everything will
             | slowly continue as usual as the machines will get fixed.
             | 
             | People died for this bug.
        
               | ken47 wrote:
               | We have those TOS's in the software world because it
               | would be prohibitively expensive to make all software
               | reliable as a publicly used bridge. For those who died as
               | a direct result of CrowdStrike, that's where the
               | litigious nature of the US becomes a rare plus. And
               | CrowdStrike will lose a lot of customers over this. It
               | isn't perfect, but the market will arbitrate
               | CrowdStrike's future in the coming months and years.
        
               | peheje wrote:
               | Let's think about this for a second. I agree to some
               | extend with what you are trying to say, I just think
               | there's a critical thing missing here in your
               | consideration, and that is usage of the product outside
               | its intended purpose/marketing.
               | 
               | Civil engineers built bridges knowingly that civilians
               | use them, and structural failure can cause deaths. The
               | line of responsibility is clear.
               | 
               | SW companies (like CrowdStrike (CS)) it MAY BE less
               | straight-forward.
               | 
               | A relevant real-world example is the use of consumer
               | drones in military conflicts. Companies like DJI design
               | and market their drones for civilian use, such as
               | photography. However, these drones have been repurposed
               | in conflict zones, like Ukraine, to carry explosives. If
               | such a drone malfunctioned during military use, it would
               | be unreasonable to hold DJI accountable, as this usage
               | clearly falls outside the product's intended purpose and
               | marketing.
               | 
               | The liability depends on the guarantees they make. If
               | they market it for AV used for critical infrastructure,
               | such as healthcare (seems like they do
               | https://www.crowdstrike.com/platform/) - by all means,
               | it's reasonable to hold with accountable.
               | 
               | However, SW companies should be able to sell products and
               | long as they're clear what the limitations are, and it
               | needs to be clearly communicated to the customers.
        
           | cyanydeez wrote:
           | 100% what we seen in the last couple of decades is the march
           | of normies into the techno sphere to the detriment of the
           | prior natives.
           | 
           | We've essentially watched digital colonialism, and it
           | certainly peaks with Elon musk wealth and ego, attempting to
           | buy up the digital market place of ideas.
        
         | GordonS wrote:
         | This is the thing that gets me most about this. Any Windows
         | systems developer knows that a bug in a kernel driver can cause
         | BSODs - why on earth would you push out such changes en-masse
         | like this?!
        
         | Strenuous9770 wrote:
         | Lack of gradual, health mediated rollout is absolutely the core
         | issue here. False positive signatures, crash inducing blocks,
         | etc will always slip through testing at some % no matter how
         | good testing is. The necessary defense in depth here is to roll
         | out ALL changes (binaries, policies, etc) in a staggered
         | fashion with some kind of health checks in between (did > 10%
         | of endpoints the change went to go down and stay down right
         | after the change was pushed?).
         | 
         | Crowdstrike bit my company with a false positive that severely
         | broke the entire production fleet because they pushed the
         | change everywhere all at once instead of staggering it out. We
         | pushed them hard in the RCA to implement staggered deployments
         | of their changes. They sent back a 50 page document explaining
         | why they couldn't which basically came down to "that would slow
         | down blocks of true positives" - which is technically true but
         | from followup conversations quite clear that is was not the
         | real reason. The real reason is that they weren't ready to
         | invest the engineering effort into doing this.
         | 
         | You can stagger changes out within a reasonable timeframe - the
         | blocks already take hours/days/weeks to come up with, taking an
         | extra hour or two to trickle the change out gradually with some
         | basic sanity checks between staggers is a tradeoff everyone
         | would embrace in order to avoid the disaster we're living
         | through today.
         | 
         | Need a reset on their balance point of security:uptime.
        
           | legohead wrote:
           | The core issue? I'd say it's QA.
           | 
           | Deploy to a QA server fleet first. Stuff is broken. 100%
           | prevention.
        
             | apitman wrote:
             | My understanding of their argument is that they can't
             | afford the time to see if it breaks the QA fleet. Which I
             | agree with GP is not a sufficient argument.
        
             | mainde wrote:
             | It's quite handy that all the things that pass QA never
             | fail in production. :)
             | 
             | On a serious note, we have no way of knowing whether their
             | update passed some QA or not, likely it hasn't, but we
             | don't know. Regardless, the post you're replying to, IMHO,
             | correctly makes the point that no matter how good your QA
             | is: it will not catch everything. When something slips, you
             | are going to need good observability and staggered,
             | gradual, rollbackable, rollouts.
             | 
             | Ultimately, unless it's a nuclear power plant or something
             | mission critical with no redundancy, I don't care if it
             | passes QA, I care that it doesn't cause damage in
             | production.
             | 
             | Had this been halted after bricking 10, 100, 1.000, 10.000,
             | heck, even 100.000 machines or a whopping 1.000.000
             | machines, it would have barely made it outside of the tech
             | circle news.
        
               | terribleperson wrote:
               | If there had been a QA process, the kill rate could not
               | have been as high as it is, because there'd have to be at
               | least one system configuration that's not subject to the
               | issue.
        
               | mainde wrote:
               | I agree that testing can reduce the probability of having
               | huge problems, but there are still many ways in which a
               | QA process can fail silently, or even pass properly,
               | without giving a good indication of what will happen in
               | production due to data inconsistencies or environmental
               | differences.
               | 
               | Ultimately we don't know if they QA'd the changes at all,
               | if this was data corruption in production, or anything
               | really. What we know for sure is that they didn't have a
               | good story for rollbacks and enforced staggered rollouts.
        
               | terribleperson wrote:
               | There's also the possibility that they did do QA, had
               | issues in QA and were pressured to rush the release
               | anyways.
        
               | dwattttt wrote:
               | Unsubstantiated (not even going to bother link to the
               | green-account-heard-it-from-a-friend comment), the fault
               | was added by a post-QA process
        
               | jjav wrote:
               | > On a serious note, we have no way of knowing whether
               | their update passed some QA or not
               | 
               | I think we can infer that it clearly did not go through
               | any meaningful QA.
               | 
               | It is very possible for there to be edge-case
               | configurations that get bricked regardless of how much QA
               | was done. Yes, that happens.
               | 
               | That's not what happened here. They bricked a huge
               | portion of internet connected windows machines. If not a
               | single one of those machines was represented in their QA
               | test bank, then either their QA is completely useless, or
               | they ignored the results of QA which is even worse.
               | 
               | There is no possible interpretation here that doesn't
               | make Crowdstrike look completely incompetent.
        
           | LrnByTeach wrote:
           | Wow !! good to know real reason for non-staggered release of
           | the software ...
           | 
           | > Crowdstrike bit my company with a false positive that
           | severely broke the entire production fleet because they
           | pushed the change everywhere all at once instead of
           | staggering it out. We pushed them hard in the RCA to
           | implement staggered deployments of their changes. They sent
           | back a 50 page document explaining why they couldn't which
           | basically came down to "that would slow down blocks of true
           | positives" - which is technically true but from followup
           | conversations quite clear that is was not the real reason.
           | The real reason is that they weren't ready to invest the
           | engineering effort into doing this.
        
           | justspamjustin wrote:
           | Yes, one of the first steps of this gradual rollout should be
           | rolling out to your own company in the classic, "eat your own
           | dogfood" style.
        
           | jorblumesea wrote:
           | CS recently went through cost cutting measures, which is
           | likely why there's not a QA fleet to deploy to or improving
           | their engineering processes.
        
             | ikekkdcjkfke wrote:
             | Were they struggling with paying the employees?
        
           | 2o4j2o3543o wrote:
           | Sure, gradual rollout seems obviously desirable, but think of
           | it from a liability perspective.
           | 
           | You roll out a patch to 1% of systems, and then a few of the
           | remaining 99% get attacked and they sue you for having a
           | solution but not making it available to them. It won't matter
           | that your sales contract explains that this is how it works
           | and the rollout is gradual and random.
           | 
           | Just a thought.
        
             | zmmmmm wrote:
             | Another version of the "fail big" or "big lie" type
             | phenomenon. Impact 1% of your customers and they sue you
             | saying the gradual rollout demonstrates you had prior
             | knowledge of the risk. Impact 100% of your customers and
             | somehow you get off the hook by declaring it a black swan
             | event that couldn't have been foretold.
        
             | p_l wrote:
             | Then push it down to customer, better yet provide
             | integration points with other patch management software (no
             | idea if you can integrate with WSUS without doing insane
             | crap, but it's not the only system to handle that, etc.)
        
             | eviks wrote:
             | These suing hypotheticals work both ways- they can sue for
             | crashing 100% of your computers - so don't really explain
             | any decision
        
             | chomskyole wrote:
             | Don't you think they will be sued now too?
        
           | zmmmmm wrote:
           | There's some irony there in that the whole point of
           | CrowdStrike itself is that it does behavioural based
           | interventions. ie: it notices "unusual" activity over time
           | and then can react to that autonomously. So them telling you
           | they can't engineer it is kind of like them telling you they
           | do don't know how to do a core feature they actually sell and
           | market the product itself doing.
        
           | cyanydeez wrote:
           | In modern terms, you mean they simply weren't willing to
           | babysit longer install frames.
        
         | nebulous1 wrote:
         | In 2012 a local bank rolled out an update that basically took
         | all of their customer services offline. Couldn't access your
         | money. Took them _a month_ to get things working again.
        
         | 1024core wrote:
         | No concept of "canarying", eh?
        
         | chronid wrote:
         | I also blame the customers here to be completely honest.
         | 
         | The fact the software does not allow for progressive rollout of
         | a version in your own fleet should be an instantaneous "pass".
         | It's unacceptable for a vendor to decide when updates are
         | applied to my systems.
        
           | totallywrong wrote:
           | Well said. I can't fathom companies being fine with some 3rd
           | party pushing arbitrary changes to their critical production
           | systems.
        
           | jcgrillo wrote:
           | Absolutely. I may be speaking from ignorance here, as I don't
           | know much about Windows, but isn't it also a big security red
           | flag that this thing is reaching out to the Internet during
           | boot?
           | 
           | I understand the need for updating these files, they're
           | essentially what encodes the stuff the kernel agent (they
           | call it a "sensor"?) is looking for. I also get why a known
           | valid file needs to be loaded by the kernel module in the
           | boot process--otherwise something could sneak by. What I
           | don't understand is why downloading and validating these
           | files needs to be a privileged process, let alone something
           | in the actual kernel. And to top it all off, they're doing it
           | _at boot time_. Why?
           | 
           | I hope there's an industry wide safety and reliability lesson
           | learned here. And I hope computer operators (IT departments,
           | etc) realize that they are responsible for making sure the
           | things running on their machines are safe and reliable.
        
       | roca wrote:
       | What I'm curious about: other than checkbox compliance, how does
       | Crowdstrike convince companies to buy their product? Do they
       | present evidence that their product is effective at protecting
       | customers? Because certainly Crowdstrike customers still get
       | hacked.
        
         | bdd8f1df777b wrote:
         | I would imagine that their best weapon is that so many other
         | big organizations are using CS, so choosing CS gives the
         | decision maker the best shield from responsibilities, similar
         | to "nobody gets fire by choosing IBM".
         | 
         | Of course, how they started from small was completely
         | different.
        
         | bob1029 wrote:
         | I've watched it occur countless times. Often times the people
         | making the purchase decision are largely incompetent.
         | 
         | They usually come out and take your team to a nice lunch. Then
         | they run you through a fancy slide deck and convince you to let
         | them run some scaremongering reporting tool over your infra. By
         | the end of the day, most of your leadership is convinced they
         | need the solution.
         | 
         | Rinse and repeat hundreds of times and you have the 3rd party
         | vendor hodgepodge hellscape that constitutes most large
         | corporations' IT infrastructure.
        
       | DebtDeflation wrote:
       | At one point overnight airlines were calling for an
       | "international ground stop for all flights globally". Planes in
       | the air were unable to get clearance to land or divert. I don't
       | believe such a thing has ever happened before except in the
       | immediate aftermath of 9/11.
        
         | acomjean wrote:
         | Flights have been delayed/canceled. Not as critical as the OP
         | hospital, but not good.
         | 
         | Effecting airlines/brodcasters and banks.
         | 
         | https://www.nytimes.com/live/2024/07/19/business/global-tech...
        
           | DebtDeflation wrote:
           | If a plane is in the air, and can't get permission to land
           | anywhere, well, they only have a finite amount of fuel
           | onboard.
        
             | spectrumero wrote:
             | In the case of an emergency (which low fuel most definitely
             | is) the captain has the ultimate authority and can tell ATC
             | "I'm landing anyway".
        
               | langsoul-com wrote:
               | That might be fine for a single or a few planes. But
               | given the magnitude of the outage, what if a single
               | airport had dozens of planes landing anyway.
               | 
               | There's a very good reason airport traffic control
               | exists.
        
               | silisili wrote:
               | I'd be highly surprised if ATC systems were affected by
               | this, but if anyone wants to correct me please do.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | I wouldn't expect emergency rooms and 911 to stop working
               | either, but here we are, so until someone says otherwise,
               | I'm assuming some ATCs went down too.
        
               | swells34 wrote:
               | I imagine the flight planning software they use was
               | affected (so their ability to coordinate with other
               | airport's ATC), but not their radio systems or aircraft
               | radar (nearly all radar systems I've worked with are run
               | on Linux, and are hardened to the Nth degree). Been out
               | of the game for 12 years though, so things have likely
               | changed.
        
               | umanwizard wrote:
               | The Tenerife disaster (second-deadliest aviation incident
               | in history, after 9/11) was ultimately caused by chaotic
               | conditions due to too many airplanes having to be
               | diverted and land at an alternate airport that wasn't
               | equipped to handle them comfortably.
        
               | Mavvie wrote:
               | I'd argue that Tenerife was due to taking off (in bad
               | weather), not landing. But of course, a bunch of planes
               | landing at the same airport without ATC sounds quite
               | dangerous.
        
               | umanwizard wrote:
               | There were a lot of contributing causes, but it wouldn't
               | have happened if not for the fact that Tenerife North
               | airport was massively overcrowded due to Gran Canaria
               | airport being suddenly closed (for unrelated reasons) and
               | flights forced to divert.
               | 
               | The issue wasn't with landing specifically; I'm just
               | using it as a general example of issues caused by havoc
               | situations in aviation.
        
               | xcv123 wrote:
               | Also lack of visibility. The two pilots couldn't see each
               | other through the fog.
        
               | qingcharles wrote:
               | Pilots know where there are other places to land, e.g.
               | there are a lot of military strips and private airfields
               | where some craft can land, depending on size.
        
             | throwoutway wrote:
             | A pilot WILL land, even without clearance. They're not
             | going to crash their own plane. Either way, ATC has
             | fallback procedures and can just use radio to communicate
             | and manage everything manually. Get all the planes on the
             | ground in safe order and then wait for a fix before
             | clearing new takeoffs.
             | https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/43379/is-
             | there-...
        
               | 0xffff2 wrote:
               | Planes always get landing clearance via radio. "Planes in
               | the air were unable to get clearance to land or divert"
               | strongly suggests that the radios themselves were not
               | working if it's actually true.
        
               | sunnybeetroot wrote:
               | And if they can't get it via radio they are trained to
               | get clearance via visual sight with someone on the
               | ground.
        
             | SkyPuncher wrote:
             | Obviously, they're going to land planes before they run out
             | of fuel.
        
               | windock wrote:
               | Or shortly after
        
             | DoingIsLearning wrote:
             | I would expect this to affect airlines services, e.g. for
             | check-in and boarding. I would be very surprised if this
             | outtage affects ATC systems.
        
             | jbb_hn wrote:
             | They would use those 4 magic words in aviation: "I'm
             | declaring an emergency"
        
           | shuntress wrote:
           | I would also point out that the backup plan (Radio and
           | Binoculars) are not only effective but also extremely cheap &
           | easy to keep ready in the control tower at all times.
           | 
           | The same cannot be said for medical records.
        
         | jojobas wrote:
         | Unbelievable these systems run on Windows.
        
           | locococo wrote:
           | I feel Windows is wrongly blamed here it's just an OS.
           | 
           | If you rely on your applications to be available you should
           | have disaster recovery plans for scenarios like this.
        
             | darby_nine wrote:
             | Windows is also the platform where this sort of spyware has
             | been normalized for decades as best practice.
        
               | remram wrote:
               | There are similar products for Linux. My organization
               | runs Cortex XDR, it has a kernel module.
               | 
               | Had a few calls with them to figure out its features and
               | how it would impact the systems. They didn't even know.
        
               | darby_nine wrote:
               | Fair enough.
        
             | evilduck wrote:
             | Their disaster recovery plans include the same faults that
             | brought them down this time, guaranteed.
        
             | mbreese wrote:
             | A little yes, a little no.
             | 
             | Was this problem caused by Microsoft? No.
             | 
             | Why does this tool exist and must be installed on servers?
             | Well, Windows OS design definitely plays a role here.
             | 
             | Why does this software run in a critical path that can
             | cause the machine to BSOD? This is where the OS is a
             | problem. If it is fragile enough that a bad service like
             | this can cause it to crash in an unfixable state (without
             | manual intervention), that's on Windows.
        
               | timr wrote:
               | > Why does this tool exist and must be installed on
               | servers?
               | 
               | Fads, laziness, and lack of forethought. This tool didn't
               | exist a few years ago. Nobody stopped IT departments
               | worldwide and said _" hey, maybe you shouldn't be auto-
               | rolling critical software updates without testing, let
               | alone doing this via a third-party tool with dubious
               | checks."_
               | 
               | This could have happened on any OS. Auto deployment is
               | the root problem.
        
               | vbezhenar wrote:
               | In this very thread there was report of a Debian Linux
               | fleet being kernel crashed in exactly the same scenario
               | by exactly the same malware few months ago.
               | 
               | So the only blame Windows can take is its widespread
               | usage, compared to Debian.
        
               | arccy wrote:
               | there's an eBPF mode for linux which is safe(r)
               | 
               | so windows can still be blamed for not providing a
               | relatively safe way of doing this.
        
               | noisem4ker wrote:
               | Windows supports eBPF too.
        
               | vbezhenar wrote:
               | https://access.redhat.com/solutions/7068083
               | 
               | Kernel panic observed after booting
               | 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4.x86_64 by falcon-sensor process.
               | 
               | eBPF program causes kernel panic on kernels 5.14.0-410+ .
               | 
               | Apparently not safe enough for CrowdStrike.
        
               | mbreese wrote:
               | Why the whataboutism?
               | 
               | Yes, the Linux device driver has many of the same issues
               | (monolithic drivers running in kernel space/memory). I'm
               | not sure what the mitigations were in that case, but I'd
               | be interested to know.
               | 
               | But we both know this isn't the only model (and have
               | commented as such in the thread). MacOS has been moving
               | away from this risk for years, largely to the annoyance
               | of these enterprise security companies. The vendor that
               | was used by an old employer blamed Apple on their own
               | inability to migrate their buggy EDM program to the new
               | version of macOS. So much so that our company refused to
               | upgrade for over 6 months and then it was begrudgingly
               | allowed.
        
               | simiones wrote:
               | A tool that has full control of the OS (which is
               | apparently required by such security software)
               | fundamentally _must_ have a way to crash the system, and
               | continue to do so at every restart.
        
               | jimbob45 wrote:
               | _Was this problem caused by Microsoft? No._
               | 
               | This really should be a _hell_ no. Perhaps Microsoft 's
               | greatest claim to fame is their enduring ability to
               | quickly and decisively react to security breaches with
               | updates. Their process is extremely public and hasn't
               | significantly changed in decades.
               | 
               | If your company can't work with Microsoft's process, your
               | company is the problem. Every other software company in
               | the last forty years has figured it out.
        
             | silisili wrote:
             | I don't blame Windows, but do blame these systems for
             | running Windows, if that makes sense.
             | 
             | I imagined a lot of this ran on some custom or more obscure
             | and hardened specialty system. One that would generally
             | negate the need for antiviruses and such. (and obviously,
             | no, not off the shelf Linux/BSD either)
        
           | muzani wrote:
           | Do you expect them to run on Android?
        
             | muzani wrote:
             | Legit question, not trolling. Android is the next biggest
             | OS used to run a single application like POS, meter
             | readers, digital menus, navigation systems. It might be the
             | top one by now. It's prone to all the same 'spyware'
             | drawbacks and easier to set up than "Linux".
        
             | Too wrote:
             | It would be better than Windows for sure. You've got A/B
             | updates, verified boot, selinux, properly sandboxed apps
             | and a whole range of other isolation techniques.
             | 
             | For something truly mission critical, I'd expect something
             | more bespoke with smaller complexity surface. Otherwise
             | Android is actually not a bad choice.
        
               | Alupis wrote:
               | Any sort of Immutable OS would be better for critical
               | systems like this. The ability to literally just rollback
               | the entire state of the system to before the update would
               | have gotten things back online as fast as a reboot...
        
               | muzani wrote:
               | Something like Android Lollipop from 2014 supports all
               | the latest techniques. It's likely there's no security
               | issues left on Lollipop by now.
               | 
               | A lot of the new forced updates on Android is to prevent
               | people some apps from being used to spy on other apps,
               | stealing passwords, notification backdoor etc, but you
               | don't need that if it's just a car radio.
        
         | 1oooqooq wrote:
         | the same time new showed up here, on wechat tiktok clone
         | (moments i think, in English) was showing animations of the usa
         | air traffic maps and how the tech blackout affected it. from
         | those images i that it was huge.
        
       | FullMetalBitch wrote:
       | So what are going to be the consequences of this? In my country
       | some healthcare institutions and emergency systems are working.
        
       | artk42 wrote:
       | I guess all the blamed EuroCommission will again have to do their
       | job to bring anti-oligo/monopoly regulations, which everyone will
       | hate but still slightly work.
       | 
       | Architecting technical systems is MUCH WAY easier than
       | architecting social-economical systems. I hope one day all those
       | tech-savvy web3 wannabe revolutionaries will start to do the real
       | job a designing socially working systems, not only technically
       | barely working cryptographically strong hamster-tapping scams
        
       | Renaud wrote:
       | When you see the size if the impact across the world, the number
       | of people who will die because hospital, emergency and logistics
       | systems are down...
       | 
       | You don't need conventional war any more. State actors can just
       | focus on targeting widely deployed "security systems" that will
       | bring down whole economies and bring as much death and financial
       | damage as a missile, while denying any involvement...
        
         | netsharc wrote:
         | Seeing all the cancelled and delayed flights, it makes me think
         | a hacking kind of climate activism/radicalism would be more
         | useful than gluing hands to roads, or throwing paint on art.
        
           | mrguyorama wrote:
           | Activism is mostly about awareness, because generally you
           | believe your position to be the one a logical person will
           | accept if they learn about it, so doing things that get in
           | the news but only gets you a small fine or month in jail are
           | preferred.
           | 
           | Taking destructive action is usually called "ecoterrorism"
           | and isn't really done much anymore.
        
         | treesknees wrote:
         | -
        
           | muzani wrote:
           | I'm not so sure it's hyperbole:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41002977
        
           | btbuildem wrote:
           | We are far past that point. So many critical systems are
           | running on autopilot, with people who built and understood
           | them retiring, and a new batch of unaware, aloof, apathetic
           | people at the helm.
           | 
           | There's no real need for some Bad Actor -- at some point,
           | entropy will take care of it. Some trivial thing somewhere
           | will fail, and create a cascade of failures that will be
           | cataclysmic in its consequences.
           | 
           | It's not fear-mongering, it's kind of a logical conclusion to
           | decades of outsourcing, chasing profit above and over
           | anything else, and sheer ignorance borne of privilege. We
           | forgot what it took to build the foundations that keep us
           | alive.
        
             | havefunbesafe wrote:
             | What is the parable about the engineers who made a
             | beautiful public bath that stopped working, and nobody
             | understood how to fix it?
        
             | bongodongobob wrote:
             | That's just what old people like to think: that they are
             | super important and could never be replaced. A few months
             | ago I replaced a "critical" employee that was retiring and
             | everyone was worried what would happen when he was gone. I
             | learned his job in a month.
             | 
             | Most people aren't very important or special and most jobs
             | aren't that difficult.
        
         | tonymet wrote:
         | I was in my 20s during the peak hysteria of post-9/11 and GWOT.
         | I had to cope with the hysteria hyped 24/7 by media and DHS of
         | a constant terror threat to determine if it was real.
         | 
         | The fact that global infra is so flimsy and vulnerable brought
         | me tremendous relief. If the terror threats were real, we would
         | have been experiencing infrastructure attacks daily.
         | 
         | I remember driving through rural California thinking if the
         | terrorist cells were everywhere, they could trivially <attack
         | critical infra that I don't want to be flagged by the FBI for>
         | 
         | I've read a lot of cyber security books like Countdown to Zero
         | Day, Sandworm, Ghost in the Wires and each one brings me
         | relief. Many of our industrial systems have the most flimsy,
         | pathetic , unencrypted & uncredentialed wireless control
         | protocols that are vulnerable to remote attack.
         | 
         | The fact that we rarely see incidents like this, and when they
         | do happen, they are due to gross negligence rather than malice,
         | is a tremendous relief.
        
           | kjkjadksj wrote:
           | This is the silver lining of global capitalism. When every
           | power on earth is invested in the same assets there is little
           | interest in rocking the boat unless the financial
           | justification to do so is sufficiently massive.
        
             | Aerbil313 wrote:
             | Until deglobalization sufficiently spreads to the software
             | ecosystem. I have just a few hours ago attended a lecture
             | by a very high profile German cybersecurity researcher
             | (though he keeps a low profile). The guy is a real
             | greybeard, can fluently read any machine code, he was
             | building and selling Commodore64 cards at 14yo. (I don't
             | even know what that is.) He's hell bent on not letting in
             | any US code nor a single US chip. Intel is building a 2nm
             | fab in Magdeburg, Germany, the most advanced in the world
             | when it will be completed. German companies are developing
             | their own fabs not based on or purchased from ASML. German
             | developing their own chip designs. A new German operating
             | system in Berlin.
             | 
             | Huawei, after their CEO got imprisoned in Canada took Linux
             | source code and rewrote it file by file in C++. Now they're
             | using it in all their products, called HarmonyOS. The
             | Chinese are recruiting ex-TSMC engineers in mainland China
             | and giving them everything, free house, car, money, free
             | pass between Taiwan and China just to build their own fab
             | in a city I don't know how to spell the name.
             | 
             | I'm not German but I'll go to the hell with the move to
             | deglobalize, or in other words, de-Americanize. This
             | textarea cannot possibly express my anger and hatred
             | against the past fifty years of the domination of Imperium
             | Americana. Not a single moment they let us live without
             | bloodshed and brutal oppression.
        
               | kjkjadksj wrote:
               | What do you think preceded the imperium americana? You'd
               | have to go back thousands of years to find an example of
               | a world not dominated by empires.
        
           | ulises314 wrote:
           | it turns out, civilization works because most of us are
           | civilized.
        
         | kjkjadksj wrote:
         | Given how obvious the vector is for targeting after its so
         | widespread, stands reason to believe the same state actors
         | would push phishing schemes and other such efforts in order to
         | justify having a tool like crowdsrike used everywhere. We are
         | focusing on the bear trap snapping shut here, but someone took
         | the time to set up that trap right where we'd be stepping in
         | the first place.
        
         | hnthrowaway0328 wrote:
         | I always think it's easy for state actors to pull out this
         | trick.
         | 
         | Considering PR review is usually done within the team. A state
         | actor can simply insert a manager, a couple of senior
         | developers and maybe a couple of junior developers into a large
         | team to do the job. Push something in Friday so few people
         | bother to check, gets approved by another implant and here you
         | go.
         | 
         | All people can then leave leisurely.
        
           | yard2010 wrote:
           | This happened with intelij a while back didn't it? A spy
           | pushed a code that caused a suplly chain outage somewhere, I
           | can't remember the details.
           | 
           | Anyway, I believe this is what happened here in this case.
        
         | gregw2 wrote:
         | This is, in a way, why Kaspersky was banned in the US... "who
         | scans the scanners?". Kaspersky is not that different from a
         | Cloudstrike EDR product.
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=4092187
        
           | GardenLetter27 wrote:
           | But will Europe ban CrowdStrike?
        
         | yard2010 wrote:
         | This clusterfuck is a dress rehearsal if you ask my honest
         | opinion.
        
       | crooked-v wrote:
       | I was going to buy some put options against CRWD with spare
       | pocket money, but it turns out that the service I have my
       | investment money is in broken right now. I wonder if that's
       | because of Crowdstrike.
        
       | alkhimey wrote:
       | An update to the internal database. It still did not sunk to
       | developers that data has equivalent risk as code. A400 crashed
       | because of an XML file update. I have witnessed my share of
       | critical bugs caused by "innocent? updates to "data" which were
       | treated less seriously because of this. Management and devs alike
       | should change their conception about this.
        
       | selimnairb wrote:
       | How long before companies start consciously de-risking by
       | replacing general-purpose systems like Windows with newer systems
       | with smaller attack surfaces? Why does an airline need to use
       | Windows at all for operations? From what I've seen, their backend
       | systems are still running on mainframes. The terminals are
       | accessed on PCs running Windows, but those could trivially be
       | replaced with iPadOS devices that are more locked down than
       | Windows and generally more secure by design.
        
         | ricardobayes wrote:
         | Often, the cost of switching is too high or too complex to
         | justify. On top of that, many applications commonly run in
         | manufacturing etc., simply does not run on any other OS.
        
           | fransje26 wrote:
           | It's true that a multi-billion dollars screw-up, with
           | possible deaths, is a cost that is much easier to justify..
        
             | sabas123 wrote:
             | And you think that any realistic alternative (which does
             | require appropriate funding) does not have similar risks?
        
         | lobsterthief wrote:
         | They likely run software written for windows, patched together
         | over decades, that wouldn't port easily to an iPad.
        
         | andrybak wrote:
         | One of the problems possibly preventing this is that budgets
         | for buying software aren't controlled by people administering
         | the software. Definitely not by people using it.
        
         | krembo wrote:
         | "Nobody ever got fired for Buying IBM"
        
           | jeffhuys wrote:
           | They should've been.
        
         | nullindividual wrote:
         | Certain backend systems run on mainframes, yes. But the
         | airline's website? No (only the booking portion interacts with
         | a mainframe via API calls). Identity management system? No.
         | Etc.
        
         | nprateem wrote:
         | Never if they can help it and have heard of Santander
        
         | samcat116 wrote:
         | Embedded Windows has always seemed like an oxymoron to me.
        
         | mr90210 wrote:
         | You lost me at iPadOS.
        
       | DuckHunt wrote:
       | So apparently "The issue has been identified, isolated and a fix
       | has been deployed"
       | https://x.com/George_Kurtz/status/1814235001745027317
       | 
       | Yet the chaos seems to continue. Could it be that this fix can't
       | be rolled out automatically to affected machines because they
       | crash during boot - before the Crowdstrike Updater runs?
        
         | CubsFan1060 wrote:
         | Correct. Many just end up in an endless loop and never actually
         | boot.
         | 
         | It's about as bad as it gets.
        
         | jwitthuhn wrote:
         | Yeah, you need to manually fix each affected system by booting
         | in safe mode. Not possible to do remotely.
        
           | rudasn wrote:
           | Ouch!
        
           | martyvis wrote:
           | And you will need your bitlocker recovery key to access your
           | encrypted drive in safe mode. I luckily had mine available
           | offline
           | 
           | There's going be a lot of handholding to get end users
           | through this.
        
             | fifteen1506 wrote:
             | You can enable safemode for next boot without the recovery
             | key and then you can delete the offending file on that next
             | boot.
        
               | kiririn wrote:
               | That requires being able to boot in the first place
        
         | martypitt wrote:
         | That update is so tone-deaf and half-assed. There's no apology.
         | 
         | If you go to the website, there's nothing on their front-page.
         | The post on their blog
         | (https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/statement-on-windows-
         | sensor...) doesn't even link to the solution. There's no link
         | to "Support Portal" anywhere to be seen on their front-page.
         | So, you have to go digging to find the update.
         | 
         | And the "Fix" that they've "Deployed" requires someone to go to
         | Every. Single. Machine. Companies with fleets of 50k machines
         | are on this HN thread - how are they supposed to visit every
         | machine?!?!
        
           | mycall wrote:
           | They won't apologize for legal reasons. Also, it will only
           | make their stock fall further.
        
             | ibejoeb wrote:
             | The CEO actually did apologize: "We're deeply sorry for the
             | impact that we've caused to customers, to travelers, to
             | anyone affected by this..."
             | 
             | https://www.reuters.com/technology/crowdstrike-ceo-
             | apologize...
        
           | _heimdall wrote:
           | Any response they make in the middle of a global outage will
           | be half-assed. They have all available resources figuring out
           | what the hell just happened and how to fix it.
           | 
           | An apology this early is a lose-lose. If they do apologize
           | they'll piss off people dealing with it and want a fix not an
           | apology. If they do t apologize they're tone deaf and don't
           | seem to care.
        
             | adamhp wrote:
             | Imagine being anywhere near the team that sent this...
        
         | senectus1 wrote:
         | lol sounds good, but how the hell do they deploy a fix to a
         | machine that has crash and is looping BSOD with no internet or
         | netwrok connectivity...
         | 
         | You do what I've been doing for the last 10 hours or so. you
         | walk to each and every desktop and manually type in the
         | bitlocker key so you can remove the offending update.
         | 
         | at least the virtual devices can be fixed sitting at a desk
         | while suckling at a comfort coffee..
        
       | jeffchien wrote:
       | Phenomenal timing:
       | https://old.reddit.com/r/wallstreetbets/comments/1e6ms9z/cro...
        
         | krembo wrote:
         | Coincidence?
        
           | bryancoxwell wrote:
           | Probably.
        
         | shostack wrote:
         | There's a lot of comments knocking the due diligence, but the
         | call out of the threat vector and timing of this make it a bit
         | hard to brush off as coincidence.
        
         | andrelaszlo wrote:
         | I'm curious about investing and economy, and I always wonder
         | about P/E ratios like Crowdstrike's (currently 450-something,
         | was over 500 last week).
         | 
         | Some P/E ratios for today, for some companies I find
         | interesting:
         | 
         | - Shopify: 615.12
         | 
         | - Crowdstrike: 455.70
         | 
         | - Datadog: 341.98
         | 
         | - Palantir: 212.34
         | 
         | - Pinterest: 187.67
         | 
         | - Uber: 99.0
         | 
         | - Broadcom: 77.68
         | 
         | - Tesla: 58.33
         | 
         | - Autodesk: 52.36
         | 
         | - Adobe: 49.23
         | 
         | - Microsoft: 37.97
         | 
         | What's going on here? Do investors expect Shopify, for example,
         | to increase their earnings by an order of magnitude despite
         | already having done extraordinarily well in a very competitive
         | market? Can anyone ELI5?
        
           | blackbear_ wrote:
           | The greater fool theory:
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_fool_theory
           | 
           | Essentially, investors buy as long as they think they will be
           | able to sell at a higher price in the future, regardless of
           | economic fundamentals.
        
             | chii wrote:
             | > regardless of economic fundamentals.
             | 
             | not regardless, but only if. The future is unknown, so
             | their bet is also based on that unknown. Is it foolish? Who
             | knows. Did nvidia seem foolish if somebody made that bet
             | before their ai boom?
        
             | throwaway7ahgb wrote:
             | You can also just say things you don't understand are
             | always created by fools.
             | 
             | Now, there are some fools buying these stocks. But to say
             | that each one of these has a high P/E because every
             | shareholder is a fool is very reductionary.
        
               | adwn wrote:
               | > _You can also just say things you don 't understand are
               | always created by fools._
               | 
               | Do you have a better hypothesis that would explain the
               | extreme valuations of those stocks?
               | 
               | > _But to say that each one of these has a high P /E
               | because every shareholder is a fool is very
               | reductionary._
               | 
               | That's not what "greater fool theory" means.
        
               | wordpad25 wrote:
               | > Do you have a better hypothesis that would explain the
               | extreme valuations of those stocks?
               | 
               | This isn't crypto, these are real, well run companies
               | with good fundamentals.
               | 
               | The trade may be a bet that they are able to corner the
               | market and extract more value. Maybe, it's wrong, but
               | doesn't mean it's just empty hype.
        
               | adwn wrote:
               | > _these are real, well run companies with good
               | fundamentals_
               | 
               | I'm not disputing that. But even "real" companies don't
               | warrant P/E multiples in the three-digit range, unless
               | there's a _very_ good reason to expect them to grow their
               | profits by 10x or more in the foreseeable future - and
               | that has to be the _expected_ value of earnings growth
               | (roughly, the average growth over all possible futures),
               | discounted by the time value of the investment.
               | 
               | P/E multiples over 100 are practically never justifiable,
               | except as "someone else will come along and pay even
               | more" - i.e., the greater fool theory.
        
           | ab_goat wrote:
           | Capture the market by not making customers pay full costs =>
           | low profits.
           | 
           | Grow revenues without substantially increasing costs (i.e
           | running a loss)
           | 
           | Hope you can turn up the profit dial later.
           | 
           | Seems like the modern way?
        
             | krembo wrote:
             | Then, when the time comes...
             | 
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41005904
        
           | aimazon wrote:
           | The only common belief held by investors in a stock is that
           | the price is going to go up. You may have value investors
           | with a belief that Shopify is undervalued based on earnings,
           | you may have investors betting that the rest of the market
           | will buy Shopify, you may have people who've seen the line go
           | up and decided to buy...
           | 
           | Stock prices have been decoupled from earnings or "value" for
           | a long time now and that's toothpaste we will never get back
           | in the tube. We are in the Robinhood age where you can buy
           | and sell a stock in seconds with no effort.
        
             | betaby wrote:
             | > We are in the Robinhood age where you can buy and sell a
             | stock in seconds with no effort.
             | 
             | I read somewhere that retail investors are less that 10% of
             | trades.
        
               | pxx wrote:
               | a fairly small volume of trades can still have a large
               | impact on prices, no?
        
             | darby_nine wrote:
             | > Stock prices have been decoupled from earnings or "value"
             | 
             | No, they aren't, but the market can remain irrational for
             | longer than you can remain solvent. It doesn't help that
             | our dear government seems loathe to actually ensure
             | competitive markets.
        
           | jhallenworld wrote:
           | Stock buybacks help push these up. Buybacks are a way to pay
           | investors at capital gain tax rates instead of normal income
           | (dividend) rates.
        
           | xyzzy4747 wrote:
           | The enterprise value is 80.58B. The gross profit is 2.5B.
           | 80/2.5 is 32, similar to Tesla stock.
           | 
           | The earnings are affected by how much the company reinvests
           | (which shows up as a cost) before it becomes earnings on the
           | accounting sheet.
        
           | aveao wrote:
           | arm is also surprisingly high at 557.95x according to my
           | broker btw. yet it's the only stock in my portfolio that
           | reliably goes up.
        
             | DonsDiscountGas wrote:
             | Past performance is not necessarily indicative of future
             | performance
        
           | DonsDiscountGas wrote:
           | With numbers like that, either the market is crazy or the
           | market believes the actual meaningful earnings are
           | substantially higher than the GAAP reported numbers. Although
           | even there the difference would have to be pretty big.
        
           | eschery wrote:
           | Former equity analyst here. Nobody on "The Street" is
           | actually valuing these companies on PE ratios. Tech companies
           | often intentionally re-invest earnings back into the business
           | in real time and so their reported EPS is often quite low and
           | a poor metric to evaluate the underlying business on. So
           | instead, analysts typically use other metrics like EV/EBITDA
           | or even P/Sales ratios in their valuation models.
           | 
           | Very generally speaking, trading these companies is kind of
           | more of like placing a bet on whether or not their future
           | top-line growth will be dramatically different than the
           | market's current expectations.
        
           | markus_zhang wrote:
           | TBH I don't think many figures here make any financial sense
           | -- but I gotta hold it if my friends all hold it. And once
           | everyone holds it no one is allowed to mass sell it because
           | it's going to hurt your friends, and in finance that's a sin.
        
           | huhtenberg wrote:
           | 30-50 is a reasonable PE range for larger companies.
        
         | ibejoeb wrote:
         | That's bananas. Bro is about to get a knock-knock.
        
           | SilasX wrote:
           | He says he bought seven put contracts for $7.30 at the $185
           | strike. Absolute max profit, from CS going to -0, would be
           | (185-7.3) x 7 X 100 = ~$125k.
           | 
           | I don't know if the absolute amount of profit affects
           | decisions here. It seems if he were more certain of what's
           | going on he would have bet a lot more.
        
             | diggan wrote:
             | > It seems if he were more certain of what's going on he
             | would have bet a lot more.
             | 
             | Outside of the HN bubble, $125K is already a pretty big sum
             | of money to get all at once, and unlikely to bring too much
             | scrutiny, if it was somehow not a coincident. Seems like a
             | smart strategy, if the user was sitting on inside
             | information and didn't want to ring too many alarm bells.
        
               | SilasX wrote:
               | Fair. But, one more point, even with its pre market drop,
               | it's still way above that strike, though the value of the
               | put is going to be up.
        
               | bspammer wrote:
               | However posting on reddit about it, would not be such a
               | smart strategy. I think it's genuinely just a
               | coincidence, WSB gets plenty of worthless "DD" posts
               | every day that end up amounting to nothing.
        
             | ibejoeb wrote:
             | Yeah, tongue firmly in cheek, but that was a very specific,
             | prescient analysis.
        
         | spacephysics wrote:
         | This smells of some inside trading. Someone internal at
         | crowdstrike (or their relative/friend) got wind of this and is
         | trying to save face if they get investigated.
         | 
         | Reading the post its obvious they don't have a deep
         | understanding of tech, while having that be core to their
         | thesis.
         | 
         |  _It's prohibitively hard to hack into a "cloud system" due to
         | few possible entry points_ - as a reddit commenter said, open
         | S3 buckets are tough to crack!
        
           | throwaway7ahgb wrote:
           | It wouldn't work, the SEC has incredible tools for finding
           | these things.
           | 
           | Especially for the mom/pop investors.
        
         | higeorge13 wrote:
         | Most timed post ever?
        
         | mFixman wrote:
         | How is Microsoft stock down less than a percent?
         | 
         | The problem was Windows giving arbitrary access to the kernel
         | to software that can be updated OTA without user intervention
         | and allowing that to crash the kernel, right? Wouldn't this
         | mean that Windows is considerably less secure and stable than
         | assumed?
        
           | didntcheck wrote:
           | Not really. These were kernel modules authorized and
           | installed by the system admin. Of course kernel code runs the
           | risk of crashing your system. The same is true on Linux, and
           | according to another commenter it already _has_ happened with
           | Crowdstrike for Linux
        
           | Vilian wrote:
           | No one assumed Windows were stable and secure that's why they
           | install crowdstrike
        
       | 999900000999 wrote:
       | I'd bet my career CS isn't spending enough on QA. It's always the
       | first thing to be cut, no one cares about QA when everything is
       | going well, but when things go wrong...
        
       | alphabetting wrote:
       | Google spending a boatload for Wiz looks smarter now
        
       | bkj512 wrote:
       | Wow
        
       | bkj512 wrote:
       | Lol we were using Symantec software so thankfully no affect.
        
       | bandrami wrote:
       | What a fun time to be less than 48 hours out from a
       | transcontinental flight
        
       | monkeydust wrote:
       | So where can I buy an ETF of companies specializing in software
       | Quality Assurance?
        
         | higeorge13 wrote:
         | Nobody does that anymore. :)
        
       | cja wrote:
       | Sorry to be dense, but what is CrowdStrike and do I have it on my
       | computer?
        
       | vtemian wrote:
       | What's the actual magnitude of this outage? Is there a way to
       | estimate how many machines were down?
        
       | zteppenwolf wrote:
       | I guess people who continue to use Windows in 2024 arguably
       | deserve this, particularly those utilizing it in a production
       | environment.
        
         | cedws wrote:
         | It's truly horrifying how many critical systems run Windows.
        
           | dopylitty wrote:
           | It was Windows in this case but nothing is stopping it from
           | happening with any other widely used system that gets online
           | updates. CrowdStrike has root on Linux/MacOS as well after
           | all.
           | 
           | The problem is relying on networked computers for critical
           | infrastructure with no contingency plan. This sort of thing
           | _will_ happen whether because of a bug or because of
           | ransomware. The software and hardware industries are
           | incapable of producing reliable and safe products in our
           | economic system.
           | 
           | Important services such as hospitals, groceries, water
           | treatment plants, and electric grids should be able to
           | operate in offline mode when this sort of thing inevitably
           | happens.
        
         | x86x87 wrote:
         | what about all the people that use services provided by people
         | that use windows? should there be some sort of pushback here?
        
       | personalityson wrote:
       | This is what AI's first strike will look like
        
       | butler14 wrote:
       | I'm guessing it's completely incidental that the CEO of
       | crowdstrike was critical of China earlier this year, and that
       | China is somehow unaffected by this 'global' issue!
        
         | scrollaway wrote:
         | I mean... yeah? almost everyone in the west except for some
         | highly corrupt people is critical of china, and china doesn't
         | deploy crowdstrike.
        
       | scrollaway wrote:
       | Those focusing on QA and staged rollouts are misguided. Yes of
       | course a serious company should do it but CrowdStrike is a
       | compliance checkbox ticker.
       | 
       | They exist solely to tick the box. That's it. Nobody who pushes
       | for them gives a shit about security or anything that isn't "our
       | clients / regulators are asking for this box to be ticked".
       | 
       | The box is the problem. Especially when it's affecting safety
       | critical and national security systems. The box should not be
       | tickable by such awful, high risk software. The fact that it is
       | reflects poorly on the cybersecurity industry (no news to those
       | on this forum of course, but news to the rest of the world).
       | 
       | I hope the company gets buried into the ground because of it.
       | It's time regulators take a long hard look at the dangers of
       | these pretend turnkey solutions to compliance and we seriously
       | evaluate whether they follow through on the intent of the specs.
       | (Spoiler: they don't)
        
       | eitland wrote:
       | Some Canonical guy I think many years ago mentioned this as their
       | sales strategy a few year ago after a particularly nasty Windows
       | outage:
       | 
       | We don't ask customers to switch all systems from Windows to
       | Ubuntu, but to consider moving maybe a third to Ubuntu so they
       | won't sit completely helpless next time Windows fail
       | spectacularly.
       | 
       | While I see more and more Ubuntu systems, and recently have even
       | spotted Landscape in the wild I don't think they were as
       | successful as they hoped with that strategy.
       | 
       | That said, maybe there is a silver lining on todays clouds both
       | WRT Ubuntu and Linux in general, and also WRT IT departments
       | stopping to reconsider some security best practices.
        
         | 51Cards wrote:
         | Except further up this thread another poster mentions that
         | CrowdStrike took down their Debian servers back in April as
         | well. As soon as you're injecting third party software into
         | your critical path with self-triggered updates you're
         | vulnerable to the quality (or lack of) that software despite
         | platform.
         | 
         | Honestly your comment highlights one of the few defenses...
         | don't sit all on one platform.
        
           | noveltyaccount wrote:
           | Hopefully they won't botch the update for two operating
           | systems at the same time. But yeah. Hope.
        
           | potatolicious wrote:
           | Yeah, I see a lot of noise on social media blaming this on
           | Microsoft/Windows... but AFAIK if you install a bad kernel
           | driver into _any_ major OS the result would be the same.
           | 
           | The specific of this CrowdStrike kernel driver (which AFAIK
           | is intended to intercept and log/deny syscalls depending on
           | threat assessment?) means that this is badnewsbears no matter
           | which platform you're on.
           | 
           | Like sure, if an OS is vulnerable to kernel panics from code
           | in userland, that's on the OS vendor, but this level of
           | danger is intrinsic to kernel drivers!
        
             | gjsman-1000 wrote:
             | True; except here's what's baffling:
             | 
             | CloudStrike only uses a kernel level driver on Windows.
             | It's not necessary for Mac, it's not necessary for Linux.
             | 
             | Why did they feel that they needed kernel level
             | interventions on Windows devices specifically? Windows may
             | have some blame there.
        
               | potatolicious wrote:
               | Yeah, I think your point is totally valid. Why does
               | CrowdStrike need syscall access on Windows when it
               | doesn't need it elsewhere?
               | 
               | I do think there's an argument to be made that
               | CrowdStrike is more invasive on Windows _because Windows
               | is intrinsically less secure_. If this is true then yeah,
               | MSFT has blame to share here.
        
               | AlotOfReading wrote:
               | I don't know about MacOS, but at least as recently as a
               | couple years ago crowdstrike _did_ ship a Linux kernel
               | module. People were always complaining about the fact
               | that it advertised the licensing as GPL and refused to
               | distribute source.
               | 
               | I imagine they've simply moved to eBPF if they're not
               | shipping the kernel module anymore.
        
               | nrr wrote:
               | I haven't looked too deeply into how EDRs are implemented
               | on Linux and macOS, but I'd wager that CrowdStrike goes
               | the way of its own bit of code in kernel space to
               | overcome shortcomings in how ETW telemetry works. It was
               | never meant for security applications; ETW's purpose was
               | to aid in software diagnostics.
               | 
               | In particular, while it looks like macOS's Endpoint
               | Security API[0] and Linux 4.x's inclusion of eBPF are
               | both reasonably robust (if the literature I'm skimming is
               | to be believed), ETW is still pretty susceptible to
               | blinding attacks.
               | 
               | (But what about PatchGuard? Well, as it turns out, that
               | doesn't seem to keep someone from loading their own
               | driver and monkey patching whatever WMI_LOGGER_CONTEXT
               | structures they can find in order to call ControlTraceW()
               | with ControlCode = EVENT_TRACE_CONTROL_STOP against
               | them.)
               | 
               | 0: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/endpointsecu
               | rity
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | > _Why did they feel that they needed kernel level
               | interventions on Windows devices specifically?_
               | 
               | Maybe because everyone else in "security" and DRM does
               | it, so they figured this is how it's done and they should
               | do it too?
               | 
               | My prior on competence of "cybersecurity" companies is
               | very, very low.
        
               | musjleman wrote:
               | > Maybe because everyone else in "security" and DRM does
               | it, so they figured this is how it's done and they should
               | do it too?
               | 
               | What DRM uses kernel drivers? And how do you plan to
               | prevent malware from usermode?
        
               | bostik wrote:
               | > _My prior on competence of "cybersecurity" companies is
               | very, very low._
               | 
               | Dmitri Alperovitch agrees with you.[0] He went on record
               | a few months back in a podcast, and said that some of the
               | most atrocious code he has ever seen was in security
               | products.
               | 
               | I am certain he was implicitly referring, at least in
               | part, to some of the code seen inside his past company's
               | own code base.
               | 
               | 0: https://nationalsecurity.gmu.edu/dmitri-alperovitch/
               | ["Co-founder and former CTO of Crowdstrike"]
        
               | PantaloonFlames wrote:
               | > CloudStrike ONLY uses a kernel level driver on Windows
               | 
               | Crowdstrike uses a kernel level driver ONLY on Windows.
        
               | Cyphase wrote:
               | CrowdStrike uses a kernel level driver on Windows ONLY.
               | 
               | Even better..
               | 
               | ONLY on Windows does CrowdStrike use a kernel level
               | driver.
        
               | cjcampbell wrote:
               | Apple deprecated kernel extensions with 10.15 in order to
               | improve reliability and eventually added a requirement
               | that end users must disable SIP in order to install
               | kexts. Security vendors moved to leverage the endpoint
               | security framework and related APIs.
               | 
               | On Linux, ebpf provides an alternative, and I assume,
               | plenty of advantages over trying to maintain kernel level
               | extensions.
               | 
               | I haven't researched, but my guess is that Microsoft
               | hasn't produced a suitable alternative for Windows
               | security vendors.
        
             | nextos wrote:
             | > AFAIK if you install a bad kernel driver into any major
             | OS the result would be the same
             | 
             | Updates should not be destructive. Linux doesn't typically
             | overwrite previous kernels, and bootloaders let users
             | choose a kernel during startup.
             | 
             | Furthermore, an immutable OS makes rollback trivial for the
             | entire system, not just the kernel (reboot, select previous
             | configuration).
             | 
             | I hope organizations learn from this, and we move to that
             | model for all major OSes.
             | 
             | Immutability is great, as we know from functional
             | programming. Nix and Guix are pushing these ideas forward,
             | and other OSes should borrow them.
        
             | grumpyprole wrote:
             | It's interesting to me that lay people are asking the right
             | questions, but many in the industry, such as the parent
             | here, seem to just accept the status quo. If you want to be
             | part of the solution, you have to admit there is a problem.
        
             | akira2501 wrote:
             | Non hardware "drivers" which cause a BSOD should be
             | disabled automatically on next boot.
             | 
             | Windows offers it's users nothing here.
        
           | II2II wrote:
           | Sure, but note the sales pitch was to encourage resiliency
           | through diversity. While that may not be helpful in cases
           | where one vendor may push the same breaking change through to
           | multiple platforms, it also may be helpful. I remember doing
           | some work with a mathematics package under Solaris while in
           | university, while my peers were using the same package under
           | Windows. Both had the same issue, but the behaviour was
           | different. Under Solaris, it was possible to diagnose since
           | the application crashed with useful diagnostic information.
           | Under Windows, it was impossible to diagnose since it took
           | out the operating system and (because of that) it was unable
           | to provide diagnostic information. (It's worth noting that
           | I've seen the opposite happen as well, so this isn't meant to
           | belittle Windows.)
        
             | bonestamp2 wrote:
             | Yes, I already heard one manager at my company today say
             | they're getting a mac for their next computer. That's
             | great, the whole management team shouldn't be on Windows.
             | The engineering team is already pretty diversified between
             | mac, windows, and linux. The next one might take down all 3
             | but at least we tried to diversify the risk.
        
           | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
           | You can also make rollback easy. Just load the config before
           | the one where you took the bad update.
           | 
           | Of course that means putting the user in control of when they
           | apply updates, but maybe that would be a good thing anyway.
        
           | lolinder wrote:
           | Yep, these episodes are the banana monoculture [0] applied to
           | IT. The solution isn't to use this vendor or avoid that
           | vendor, it's to diversify your systems such that you can have
           | partial operability even if one major component is down.
           | 
           | [0] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gros_Michel_banana
        
           | emporas wrote:
           | > don't sit all on one platform.
           | 
           | Debian has automatic updates but they can be manual as well.
           | That's not the case in Windows.
           | 
           | The best practice for security critical infrastructure in
           | which peoples lives are at stake, is to install some version
           | of BSD stripped down to it's bare minimum. But then the
           | company has to pay for much more expensive admins. Windows
           | admins are much cheaper and plentiful.
           | 
           | Also as a user of Ubuntu and Debian for more than a decade, i
           | have a hunch that this will not happen in India [1].
           | 
           | [1] https://news.itsfoss.com/indian-govt-linux-windows/
        
             | vitorgrs wrote:
             | Windows updates can definitely be manual. And anyway, this
             | was not a Windows update. It was a CrowdStrike update.
        
               | emporas wrote:
               | Oh, i thought it was tied to OS updates. So Windows is
               | not to blame, if that's the case.
        
               | berkes wrote:
               | well, in another sense, Windows is certainly to blame
               | partially. Several technical solutions have been put
               | forward here and in other places, that would've at least
               | limited the blast radius of a faulty
               | update/driver/critical path. Windows didn't implement any
               | of those. Presumably by choice and for good reasons: A
               | tradeoff would be that software like crowdstrike is more
               | limited in protecting you. So the Windows devs
               | deliberately opted for this risk.
               | 
               | Or they never considered it, which is far worse.
        
         | baggy_trough wrote:
         | Still haven't forgiven Ubuntu for pushing a bad kernel of their
         | own that caused a boot loop if you used containers...
        
           | j33zusjuice wrote:
           | I'll never forgive them for the spyware they defaulted to on
           | in their desktop stuff. It wasn't the worst thing in the
           | world, but they're also the only major distro to ever do it,
           | so Ubuntu (and Canonical as a whole) can get fucked, imo.
        
             | genewitch wrote:
             | i'm hoping you are only getting downvoted because of
             | language (although, really?) and not because this tech
             | forum has forgotten about ubuntu 12 or 14 where they
             | integrated web search into the desktop search (like
             | spotlight or find in windows) to show targeted ads.
             | 
             | I haven't used ubuntu desktop in 12 years because of that
             | nonsense. I'm forced to use ubuntu server, though -
             | although thanks to python3 venv and docker that's becoming
             | less so as time wears on.
        
               | ricardobayes wrote:
               | That's a long grudge to hold over a feature that was
               | reconsidered and removed.
        
               | pbhjpbhj wrote:
               | Maybe, but Canonical didn't learn and are back to pushing
               | advertising and forcing unwanted changes.
        
               | slow_typist wrote:
               | To say it rather politely, the mindset exposed by
               | introducing this feature is unlikely to go away.
        
               | ikrenji wrote:
               | canonical has some of the most ridiculous IT job postings
               | i've come across. just sounds like a bananas software
               | shop. didn't give me much confidence in whatever they
               | cooking up in there
        
               | genewitch wrote:
               | i started with RH (Non-EL) back in the mid-to-late 90s,
               | and switched to gentoo as soon as one of my best
               | (programmer) friends gushed about how much better of an
               | admin it had made them[0], so i started down that path -
               | by the time AWS appeared, we were both automating
               | everything, using build (pump) servers, etc. I _like_
               | debian, a lot - really! I think apt is about the best
               | non-technical-user package manager, and the packages that
               | were available without having to futz with keyrings was
               | great.
               | 
               | Ubuntu spent a lot of time, talent, and treasure on
               | trying to migrate people _off windows_ instead of being a
               | consistent, great OS. It is still with great dread that i
               | open docs for some new package /program linked to from HN
               | or elsewhere; dread that the first instruction is "start
               | with ubuntu 18.04|20.04".
               | 
               | [0] They actually maintained the unofficial gentoo AWS
               | images for over a decade. unsure if they still do, it
               | could be automated to run a new build off every quarter. 
               | https://github.com/genewitch/gentoo/blob/master/gentoo_au
               | to.... (a really old version of the script i keep to
               | remind me that automation is possible with nearly
               | everything...)
        
         | aiauthoritydev wrote:
         | Seems like a reasonable strategy. Not just Ubuntu but some
         | redundancy in some systems.
        
         | samcat116 wrote:
         | Sure but if that Canonical sales person was successful in that,
         | I'd almost guarantee that after they switched the first third
         | they'd be in there arguing to switch out the rest.
        
         | make3 wrote:
         | things are so interdependent that in this scenario you might
         | now just end up crashing the system if either Windows or Ubuntu
         | are down instead of just the one of them you chose
        
         | secondcoming wrote:
         | Ubuntu has unattended-upgrades enabled by default
        
           | sgarland wrote:
           | Yes, but by default the only repo enabled for it is $(cat
           | /etc/os-release)-security.
        
             | Hardwired8976 wrote:
             | But CrowdStrike is security as well?
        
         | mrintegrity wrote:
         | Many years ago an Ubuntu tech sales guy demoed their
         | (openstack?) Self hosted cloud offering, his laptop was running
         | windows..
        
         | grumpyprole wrote:
         | Linux and open source also have the potential to be far more
         | modular than Windows is. At the moment we have airport display
         | boards running a full windows stack including anti-
         | virus/spyware/audit etc, just to display a table ... madness
        
         | pbhjpbhj wrote:
         | I'm a Kubuntu user that, seemingly due to Canonical's decision
         | to ship untested software regularly, has been repeatedly hit by
         | problems with snaps. What were initially basic, obvious, and
         | widespread issues with major software.
         | 
         | Yes, distribute your eggs, but check the handles on the baskets
         | being sold to you by the guy pointing out bad handles.
        
         | totallywrong wrote:
         | Canonical in particular are no better, they do the exact same
         | thing with that aberration called snap. They have brought
         | entire clusters down before with automatic updates.
        
       | lopkeny12ko wrote:
       | Isn't a Windows BSOD the equivalent of a kernel panic? I don't
       | understand how this is CrowdStrike's _fault_. Vanilla userspace
       | operations shouldn 't cause a kernel panic--that's a bug in the
       | OS, not a bug in some user software. If anything, we should be
       | blaming Windows here?
        
         | jhfdbkofdchk wrote:
         | CrowdStrike is not a vanilla userspace program, it hooks deeply
         | into the operating system.
        
         | EvanAnderson wrote:
         | > Vanilla userspace operations shouldn't cause a kernel
         | panic...
         | 
         | The component Crowdstrike says you need to remove to restore
         | functionality is a ".sys" file. That's a kernel-mode driver.
         | The fault is happening on the kernel side.
        
       | kidbomb wrote:
       | Lessons learned from this:
       | 
       | - CS: Have a staging (production-like) environment for proper
       | validation. It looks like CS has one of these bu they have just
       | skipped it - IT Admins: Have controlled roll-outs, instead of
       | doing everything in a single swoop. - CS: Fuzz test your
       | configuration
       | 
       | Anything I have missed?
        
         | krembo wrote:
         | Don't. Deploy. On. Fridays.
        
         | mycall wrote:
         | It is possible Cloudflare did a timepointed release on this.
         | Controlled roll-outs wouldn't work if all the daily chunked
         | updates didn't activate the kernel driver until some point in
         | the future.
        
       | totaldude87 wrote:
       | I hope the narrative of , install crowd strike and pass the audit
       | or else changes after this .
       | 
       | but being in the industry for so long , I don't expect any
       | changes whatsoever, it's either CS or some other tool
        
       | matt_s wrote:
       | Does crowdstrike work similarly on MacOS? I have to imagine the
       | "walled garden" doesn't allow for 3rd parties to insert
       | themselves into the OS kernel but I could be wrong.
        
         | checker659 wrote:
         | I mean, you can always disable SIP and install your own
         | extensions.
        
       | frankohn wrote:
       | The Windows ecosystem typically deployed in corporate PCs or
       | workstations is often insecure, slow, and poorly implemented,
       | resulting in ongoing issues visible to everyone. Examples include
       | problems with malware, ransomware, and Windows botnets.
       | 
       | In corporate environments, IT staff struggle to contain these
       | issues using antivirus software, firewalls, and proxies. These
       | security measures often slow down PCs significantly, even on
       | recent multi-core systems that should be responsive.
       | 
       | Microsoft is responsible for providing an operating system that
       | is inherently insecure and vulnerable. They have prioritized user
       | lock-in, dark patterns, and ease of use over security.
       | 
       | Apple has done a much better job with macOS in terms of security
       | and performance.
       | 
       | The corporate world is now divided into two categories: 1.
       | Software-savvy companies that run on Linux or BSD variants,
       | occasionally providing macOS to their employees. These include
       | companies like Google, Amazon, Netflix, and many others. 2.
       | Companies that are not software-focused, as it's not their
       | primary business. These organizations are left with Microsoft's
       | offerings, paying for licenses and dealing with slow and insecure
       | software.
       | 
       | The main advantage of Microsoft's products is the Office suite:
       | Excel, Word and Powerpoint but even Word is actually mediocre.
       | 
       | EDIT: improve expression and fix errors:
        
         | Darvon wrote:
         | If you were ready to ditch corpomicrosoft why would you go to
         | corpoapple instead of something foss like debian tho
        
           | nextos wrote:
           | I'd say something implementing the ideas of NixOS, i.e.
           | immutable versioned systems and declarative system
           | definitions, is poised to replace the current deployment
           | mess, which is extremely fragile.
           | 
           | With NixOS, you can upgrade without fear, as you can always
           | roll back to a previous version of your system. Regular Linux
           | distributions, macOS, and Windows make me very nervous
           | because that is not the case.
        
             | throwaway48476 wrote:
             | Ideally there would be a usable security first os based on
             | something like sel4 with a declarative package system for
             | slow to change mission critical appliances.
        
             | candiddevmike wrote:
             | > I'd say something implementing the ideas of NixOS, i.e.
             | immutable versioned systems
             | 
             | NixOS isn't immutable, things aren't mounted read only.
             | AFAIK, it can't be setup that way.
             | 
             | > With NixOS, you can upgrade without fear, as you can
             | always roll back to a previous version of your system.
             | Regular Linux distributions, macOS, and Windows make me
             | very nervous because that is not the case.
             | 
             | Because you can't roll back to a previous backup?
        
               | nextos wrote:
               | The store is immutable in the functional programming
               | sense, as the package manager creates a new directory
               | entry for each hash value.
               | 
               | Backups could be an option, but it is much better to have
               | a system where two computers are guaranteed to be running
               | the exact same software if configuration hashes are the
               | same.
               | 
               | In other OSes, the state of your system could depend on
               | previous actions.
        
               | Wytwwww wrote:
               | > Regular Linux distributions, macOS, and Windows make me
               | very nervous because that is not the case.
               | 
               | I'm personally only really nervous when updating Linux
               | distributions. Besides security updates it usually hardly
               | matters or is noticeable on macOS/Windows (well besides
               | the random UX changes..).
        
             | illiac786 wrote:
             | How do you automatically roll back if you're in a boot
             | loop?
        
               | nextos wrote:
               | In NixOS, you have a bootloader to load your OS. Unless
               | you botch your bootloader, you can't paint yourself into
               | an unbootable state. If one system configuration doesn't
               | work, you reboot and choose the prior one before the OS
               | begins to load in a menu displayed by the bootloader.
               | 
               | This is also true of most regular Linux setups. Except
               | that in those, you can only choose the kernel. Hence, if
               | you have broken other parts of your configuration, your
               | system might not be bootable. So the safety net is much
               | thinner.
        
               | illiac786 wrote:
               | I really have no problem imagining an antivirus company
               | convinced the bootloader needs an upgrade =)
        
           | 1over137 wrote:
           | Because there is software that runs only on certain OSes, and
           | not others.
        
             | sirdvd wrote:
             | Fewer and fewer. And there's VM for that, so you can
             | rollback in case like this.
        
           | danaris wrote:
           | Because for _some_ people (certainly not all), their
           | objection is not to a  "corporate" OS, but to the specific
           | things Microsoft does that Apple does not.
        
           | harimau777 wrote:
           | When I took a Linux course in college I had an old laptop
           | that I installed Linux on. However, for some reason my
           | wireless card wouldn't work. I mentioned it to my professor
           | and the next day he told me "It's actually quite simple, you
           | just have to open up the source code for the wireless driver
           | and make a one line change."
           | 
           | Maybe things have gotten better, but I think that's why
           | people use Mac. It's POSIX but without having to jump through
           | arcane hoops.
        
             | twothamendment wrote:
             | Things have definitely gotten better. I remember the
             | painful years. My most recent Ubuntu install on a new
             | laptop was about 3 years ago. As someone who has used Linux
             | as the daily driver for more than a decade (and dual booted
             | as a second OS for another decade) I was pleasantly
             | surprised that everything just worked! I think that was a
             | first
             | 
             | It was an HP from Costco, not something special sold with
             | Linux. My wireless worked, dual monitors just worked, even
             | the fingerprint reader that I never use. I remember sitting
             | there thinking "I didn't have to fight anything?" Hopefully
             | that becomes the norm, maybe it is - I haven't needed a new
             | laptop yet.
        
             | Stranger43 wrote:
             | Things have definitely gotten better.
             | 
             | The problem with the linux desktop was usually that most
             | hardware companies were either not spending any time/effort
             | on non-windows drivers/compatibility or when they did it
             | was a tiny fraction of the effort that went into working
             | around bugs in the windows driver API's.
             | 
             | Today with the failure of windows in both the mobile and
             | industrial control space we now see vendors actually giving
             | a damn about the quality of their Linux drivers.
             | 
             | Today the main factor keeping the enterprise marked locked
             | on windows is the fat clients written around the turn of
             | the millennium, and that's as much a problem for mac
             | adaptation as it is Linux adaptation.
             | 
             | The macs are slick well designed devices that speaks to a
             | huge segment of the consumer market so will eventually find
             | the way into the high cost niches where no specific
             | dependency on legacy software exists but they are too
             | expensive and inflexible to replace all of the wintel
             | system so for Microsoft and it's partners to have their
             | license to screw over the enterprise sector revoked
             | Linux(or FreeBSD) will have to play a role too.
        
           | Wytwwww wrote:
           | > foss
           | 
           | Because you just want stuff to work and couldn't care less
           | about the ideology part?
           | 
           | Also no feature parity (it's not about Windows being "better"
           | than Linux or the other way around, none of that matters)
           | there are not out of the box solutions to replace some of the
           | stuff enterprise IT relies in Windows/etc. which would mean
           | they'd have to hire expensive vendors to recreate/migrate
           | their workflows. The costs of figuring out how to run all of
           | your legacy Windows software, retraining staff etc. etc.
           | would be very significant. Why spend so much money with no
           | clear benefits?
           | 
           | To be fair I'm not sure how Apple figures into this. They
           | don't really cater to the enterprise market at al..
        
             | naasking wrote:
             | > Because you just want stuff to work
             | 
             | I think the current outage undercuts this premise.
        
               | Wytwwww wrote:
               | Why? Both things seem pretty tangential. Poorly written
               | software exists or can exist on any platform, just like
               | the IT infrastructure wouldn't somehow automagically
               | become robust if they just switched to Linux.
        
         | quotemstr wrote:
         | > The Windows ecosystem typically deployed in corporate PCs or
         | workstations is often insecure, slow, and poorly implemented
         | 
         | Yes, but that's not because of Windows itself (which is fast
         | and secure out of the box) but because of an decades-old
         | "security product" culture that insists on adding negative-
         | value garbage like Crowdstrike and various anti-virus systems
         | on the critical path, killing performance and harming real
         | security.
         | 
         | It's a hard problem. No matter how good Windows itself gets and
         | no matter how bad these "security products" become, Windows
         | administrators are stuck in the same system of crappy
         | incentives.
         | 
         | Decades of myth and superstition demand they perform rituals
         | and make incantations they know harm system security, but they
         | do them anyway, because fear and tradition.
         | 
         | It's no wonder that they see Linux and macOS as a way out. It's
         | not that they're any better -- but they're different, and the
         | difference gives IT people air cover for escaping from this
         | suffocating "you must add security products" culture.
        
           | rlanday wrote:
           | > > The Windows ecosystem typically deployed in corporate PCs
           | or workstations is often insecure, slow, and poorly
           | implemented
           | 
           | > Yes, but that's not because of Windows itself
           | 
           | Come on. There's a reason Windows users all want to install
           | crappy security products: they've been routinely having their
           | files encrypted and held for ransom for the last decade.
        
             | quotemstr wrote:
             | What fraction of ransomware attacks would these security
             | products have prevented exactly? Windows already comes with
             | plenty of monitoring and alerting functionality.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Probably close to none at some point. They may block some
               | things.
               | 
               | But most of Windows falling to this is that it's what
               | people use. The only platform that is somewhat actually
               | protected against attacks is the iPhone - the Mac can
               | easily be ransomwared it's just the market is so small
               | nobody bothers attacking it; no ROI.
        
               | quotemstr wrote:
               | Yeah. The mobile ecosystems are what real security design
               | looks like. Everything is sandboxed, brokered, MACed, and
               | fuzzed. We should either make the desktop systems work
               | the same way or generalize the mobile systems into
               | desktops.
        
               | skydhash wrote:
               | The mobile ecosystem is what corporate IT should be.
               | Centralized app store, siloed applications, immutable
               | filesystem (other than the document part for each
               | application), then VM and specials computers for
               | activities like development. However locked iOS can be,
               | most upgrades happen without an hitch, and no need for
               | security software.
        
               | lbadmin wrote:
               | Hard to say, but windows defender doesn't stop as many as
               | EDR's can. There are actual tests for this, ran by
               | independent parties that check exactly this. Defender can
               | be disabled extremely easily, modern EDRs cannot.
        
             | didntcheck wrote:
             | And Linux/BSD generally would not help here. Ransomeware is
             | just ordinary file IO and is usually run "legitimately" by
             | phished users rather than actual code execution exploits
             | 
             | I have a similar disdain for security bloatware with
             | questionable value, but one actually effective corporate IT
             | strategy is using one of those tools to operate a whitelist
             | of safe software, with centralized updates
        
               | consteval wrote:
               | I think having a Linux/BSD might be helpful here in the
               | general case, because the culture is different.
               | 
               | In Windows land it's pretty much expected that you go to
               | random websites, download random executables, ignore the
               | "make changes to your computer?" warnings and pretty much
               | give the exe full permission to do anything. It's very
               | much been the standard software install workflow for
               | decades now on Windows.
               | 
               | In the Linux/BSD world, while you can do the above,
               | people generally don't. Generally, they stick to trusted
               | software sources with centralized updates, like your
               | second point. In this case I don't think it's a matter of
               | capability, both Windows and Unix-land is capable of what
               | you're suggesting.
               | 
               | I think phishing is generally much less effective in
               | Max/Linux/BSD world because of this.
        
               | boolemancer wrote:
               | Yeah, because no one on Linux or Mac would clone a git
               | repo they just found out about and blindly run the setup
               | scripts listed in the readme.
               | 
               | And no one would pipe a script downloaded with wget/curl
               | directly into bash.
               | 
               | And nobody would copy a script from a code-formatted
               | block on a page, paste it directly into their terminal
               | and then run it.
               | 
               | Im not going to go so far as to claim that these
               | behaviors are as common as installing software on
               | Windows, but they are still definitely common, and all
               | could lead to the same kinds of bad things happening.
        
               | consteval wrote:
               | I would agree this stuff DOES happen, but typically in
               | development environments. And I also think its crappy
               | practice. Nobody should ever pipe a curl into sh. I see
               | it on docs sometimes and yes, it does bother me.
               | 
               | I think though that the culture of robust repositories
               | and package managers is MUCH more prominent on
               | Mac/iOS/Linux/FreeBSD. It's coming to Windows too with
               | the new(er) Windows store stuff, so hopefully people
               | don't become too resistant to that.
        
               | rlanday wrote:
               | A developer is much more likely to be able to fix their
               | computer and/or restore from a backup than a typical user
               | is. A significant problem is cascading failures, where
               | one bozo installing malware either creates a business
               | problem (e.g. allowing someone to steal a bunch of money)
               | or is able to disable a bunch of other computers on the
               | same network. It is not that common for macOS to be
               | implicated in these sorts of issues. I know people have
               | been saying for a long time that it's theoretically
               | possible but it really doesn't seem that common in
               | practice.
        
               | BobaFloutist wrote:
               | Until a a lucrative contract requires you to install
               | prescribed boutique windows-only software from a random
               | company you've never heard of, and then it's back to that
               | bad old workflow.
        
             | codebolt wrote:
             | I'd wager if Linux had the same userbase as Windows, you'd
             | see more ransomware attacks on that platform as well.
             | Nothing about Linux is inherently more secure.
        
               | pid-1 wrote:
               | Yeah I don't get where this "Linux is more secure" thing
               | comes from.
               | 
               | Basically any userspace program can read your .aws, .ssh,
               | .kube, etc... The user based security model desktops have
               | is the real issue.
               | 
               | Compare that with Android and iOS for instance. No one
               | needs anti-virus bloatware, just because apps are curated
               | and isolated by default.
        
               | cesarb wrote:
               | > Yeah I don't get where this "Linux is more secure"
               | thing comes from.
               | 
               | It comes from the 1990s and early 2000s. Back then,
               | Windows was a laughingstock from a security point of view
               | (for instance, at one point connecting a newly installed
               | Windows computer to the network was enough for it to be
               | automatically invaded). Both Windows and Linux have
               | become more secure since then.
               | 
               | > Basically any userspace program can read your .aws,
               | .ssh, .kube, etc... The user based security model
               | desktops have is the real issue. Compare that with
               | Android and iOS for instance. No one needs anti-virus
               | bloatware, just because apps are curated and isolated by
               | default.
               | 
               | Things are getting better now, with things like flatpak
               | getting more popular. For instance, the closed-source
               | games running within the Steam flatpak won't have any
               | access to my ~/.aws or ~/.ssh or ~/.kube or etc.
        
             | qwytw wrote:
             | > There's a reason Windows users
             | 
             | Yes, average Windows users are significantly less tech
             | literate due to obvious reasons and there are way more of
             | them. This create a very lucrative market.
             | 
             | How is desktop Linux somehow inherently particularly more
             | secure than Windows?
        
           | Avamander wrote:
           | > Windows itself (which is fast and secure out of the box)
           | 
           | That's a really bold claim. I'd say Windows comes with a lot
           | of unsafe defaults OOB.
        
           | arzig wrote:
           | Fun fact, these negative value garbage offerings are often
           | "required" by box checking certifications like SOC2. Sure, if
           | you have massive staffing to handle compliance you might be
           | able to argue you've achieved the objective without this
           | trash. The rest of us are just shrug and do it.
           | 
           | Some of the "compliance managers as a service" push you in
           | this direction as well.
        
             | bdw5204 wrote:
             | Why do companies need these "box checking certifications"?
             | I imagine the answer, as usual, is that either they or one
             | of their customers is working with the government which
             | requires this for its contractors. That's usually the
             | answer whenever you find an idiotic practice that companies
             | are mindlessly adopting.
        
               | shinecantbeseen wrote:
               | Pretty much. We're in the healthcare space and most of
               | our customers are large hospital systems. Anything except
               | "SOC2 compliant, no exceptions on report" will take an
               | already long deal cycle (4-18 months) and double or
               | triple it.
               | 
               | If you're a startup it also means that your core people
               | are now sitting in multiple cycles of IT review with
               | their IT staff filling out spreadsheet after spreadsheet
               | of "Do you encrypt data in transit?"
        
           | lbadmin wrote:
           | did you really just say windows is secure out of the box?
        
             | recursive wrote:
             | You can just scroll back up and read it again.
        
               | lbadmin wrote:
               | okay so i did and he defs claims windwos was secure out
               | of the box. so again, i ask if he _really_ said that
               | ahaha, with a straight face.
               | 
               | SMB 1.0 is enabled, non admin users have powershell
               | access, defender can be disabled with a single command,
               | user is admin by default, passwords can be reset via
               | booting to a bootable media device and then swapping its
               | CLI to c:
               | 
               | there are so many basic insecurities out of the box in
               | windows.
        
           | sys_64738 wrote:
           | > Yes, but that's not because of Windows itself (which is
           | fast and secure out of the box)
           | 
           | I think what you're really saying is that a Windows system is
           | secure until you apply power to the computer.
        
           | mr_mitm wrote:
           | > which is fast and secure out of the box
           | 
           | Disagree. At least in the context of business networks.
           | 
           | My favorite example is the SMB service, which is enabled by
           | default.
           | 
           | In the Linux world, people preach:
           | 
           | - disabling SSH unless necessary
           | 
           | - use at least public key-based auth
           | 
           | - better both public key and password
           | 
           | - don't allow root login
           | 
           | In Windows, the SMB service:
           | 
           | - is enabled by default
           | 
           | - allows command execution as local admin via PsExec, so it's
           | essentially like SSH except done poorly
           | 
           | - is only password-based
           | 
           | - doesn't even support MFA
           | 
           | - is not even encrypted by default
           | 
           | It's a huge issue why everyone gets encrypted by ransomware.
           | 
           | I always recommend disabling it using the Windows firewall
           | unless it is actually used, and if it is necessary define a
           | whitelist of address ranges, but apparently it is too hard to
           | figure out who needs access to what, and much easier to
           | deploy products like Crowdstrike which admittedly strongly
           | mitigate the issue.
           | 
           | The next thing is that Windows still allows the NTLM
           | authentication protocol by default (now finally about to be
           | deprecated), which is a laughably bad authentication
           | protocol. If you manage to steal the hash of the local admin
           | on one machine, you can simply use it to authenticate to the
           | next machine. Before LAPS gained traction, the local admin
           | account password was the same on all machines in basically
           | every organization. NT hashes are neither salted nor do they
           | have a cost factor.
           | 
           | I could go on, but Microsoft made some very questionable
           | security decisions that still haunt them to this day because
           | of their strong commitment to backwards compatibility.
        
             | quotemstr wrote:
             | You don't need Crowdstrike to disable any of these things.
             | You can use regular group policy. I'm not saying Windows
             | can't be hardened. I'm saying these third party kernel
             | hooks add negative value.
        
               | mr_mitm wrote:
               | I know, I even said you should rather use the tools that
               | the OS is providing, like the firewall.
               | 
               | All I did was challenge the statement that Windows is
               | secure OOB.
        
         | oytis wrote:
         | > Companies that are not software-focused, as it's not their
         | primary business. These organizations are left with Microsoft's
         | offerings
         | 
         | I wonder why is it the case. These companies still have IT
         | departments, someone has to manage these huge fleets of Windows
         | machines. So nothing would prevent them from hiring Linux
         | admins instead of Windows admins. What makes the management of
         | these companies consider Windows to be the default choice?
        
           | gvurrdon wrote:
           | I don't know, but I would guess that Microsoft Office is what
           | retains people; personal anectodal experience suggests that
           | anything else (Apple's offerings, Google Docs, LibreOffice
           | &c.) is not acceptable to the average user. My suspicion is
           | that Microsoft would be very unhappy to have MS Office
           | running successfully on Linux systems.
        
           | dariosalvi78 wrote:
           | Office. The entire world runs on Excel, Word and Powerpoint.
           | Unfortunately.
        
             | 7thaccount wrote:
             | You can get that on Mac right?
        
             | briandear wrote:
             | Word and PowerPoint are disposable. Pages and Keynote work
             | just fine. Excel on the Mac is perfectly fine.
             | 
             | But that aside -- Excel is a single application. That one
             | app doesn't determine an entire Corporate IT strategy.
        
               | tomrod wrote:
               | > That one app doesn't determine an entire Corporate IT
               | strategy
               | 
               | It actually does in some industries, but it is dumb that
               | it does.
        
           | conception wrote:
           | Excel. There is no other software that can currently fill
           | excel's role in business. It's the best at what it does and
           | what it does is usually very important. Unfortunately.
        
             | danaris wrote:
             | Excel runs just fine on Macs, though, so that only explains
             | "why not Linux?", not "why Windows?"
        
               | xnx wrote:
               | The situation might have changed since I last used Excel
               | on Mac, but in 2018, the "Excel" on Mac barely resembled
               | the Excel on Windows. Many obvious and useful features
               | were missing.
        
               | sfifs wrote:
               | No longer. Everything is there. Just switched work
               | machines to Mac from Win
        
               | layer8 wrote:
               | Not everything is there. There are still important
               | limitations: https://spreadsheeto.com/mac-vs-windows/
        
               | johnbellone wrote:
               | It definitely does not run "just fine". It's passable at
               | best.
        
               | Digit-Al wrote:
               | My guess is that the fact you can buy about two to three
               | cheap Dell desktop machines for the price of one Mac
               | probably factors quite heavily into the equation.
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | Excel is the driver for small businesses and individual
             | departments. SharePoint is what keeps large businesses
             | committed to Windows.
        
             | tomrod wrote:
             | Gnumeric, Libreoffice, Google Sheets, Zoho...
             | 
             | There are plenty of sufficient replacements for Excel if
             | organizations are willing to work with other tools
        
               | beisner wrote:
               | If you're only doing vacation travel planning, sure. But
               | there's a long tail of advanced functionality used across
               | all kinds of industries (with plugins upon plugins) that
               | are most certainly not even close to being supported by
               | any of the options proposed.
        
           | hnlmorg wrote:
           | It's because of two things:
           | 
           | 1. Users are more comfortable running Windows and Office
           | because it's Windows they likely used in school and on
           | personal laptops.
           | 
           | 2. This is the biggie: Microsoft's enterprise services for
           | managing fleets of workstations are actually really good --
           | or at least a massive step up from the competition. Linux
           | (and it's ilk) is much better for managing fleets of servers,
           | but workstations require a whole different type of tooling.
           | And once you have AD and it's ilk running and thus Windows
           | administrators hired, it's often easier to run other services
           | from Windows too, rather than having to spin up another
           | cluster of management services.
           | 
           | Software focused businesses generally start out with
           | engineers running macOS or Linux, so they wouldn't have
           | Windows management services pre-provisioned. And that's why
           | you generally see them utilising stuff like Okta or Google
           | Workspace
        
             | dakratec wrote:
             | Unfortunately Google did not succeed to get more into
             | schools around the globe with chromebooks, which is a pity
             | by my opinion. That helps to keep the Win/Office monopoly
             | situation to go on in organizations and businesses hiring
             | people who never used another software than one from
             | Microsoft.
        
               | fernandopj wrote:
               | One reason being that Microsoft lobby hard against low-
               | end PC & notebooks that are not aligned with its
               | interests. [1]
               | 
               | Microsoft has a large, entrenched distribution network
               | and market all over the world. It makes an uphill battle
               | to create low-end programs for schools, universities,
               | governments, SMBs.
               | 
               | Hence the phrase "no one was ever fired from buying
               | Microsoft". It's too hard a battle to go against the
               | flow.
               | 
               | [1]
               | https://www.tomshardware.com/software/windows/microsofts-
               | dra...
        
           | Asmod4n wrote:
           | The business world runs on Windows, no way around that unless
           | you only need a simple cash register and inventory software.
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | Inertia, plus integration - AFAIK Exchange and SharePoint
           | don't run on Linux, so if the company buys into that, then
           | it's Windows all the way down.
           | 
           | Still, all this is a red herring. Using Linux instead of
           | Windows on workstations won't change anything, because it's
           | not the OS that's the problem. A typical IT department is
           | locked in a war on three fronts - defending against security
           | threats, pushing back on unreasonable demands from the top,
           | and fighting the company employees who want to do their jobs.
           | Linux may or may not help against external attackers, but the
           | fight against employees (which IT does both to fulfill
           | mandates from the top and to minimize their own workload)
           | requires tools for totalitarian control over computing
           | devices.
           | 
           | Windows actually is better suited for that, because it's
           | designed to constrain and control users. Linux is designed
           | for the smart user to be able to do whatever they want, which
           | includes working around stupid IT policies and corporate
           | malware. So it shouldn't be surprising corporate IT favors
           | Windows workstations too - it puts IT at an advantage over
           | the users, and minimizes IT workload.
        
             | wing-_-nuts wrote:
             | >Windows actually is better suited for that, because it's
             | designed to constrain and control users. Linux is designed
             | for the smart user to be able to do whatever they want,
             | which includes working around stupid IT policies and
             | corporate malware.
             | 
             | This just tells me you don't know linux. Linux can be
             | _much_ more easily hardened and restricted than windows. It
             | 's trivial to make it so that a user can only install
             | whitelisted software from private repos.
        
               | layer8 wrote:
               | > It's trivial to make it so that a user can only install
               | whitelisted software from private repos.
               | 
               | This is also straightforward on Windows with AD-managed
               | Group Policies.
        
           | afavour wrote:
           | > These companies still have IT departments
           | 
           | A lot actually don't, in any meaningful sense. My partner's
           | company has a skeleton IT staff with all support requests
           | being sent offshore. An issue with your laptop? A new one
           | gets dispatched from ??? and mailed to you, you mail the old
           | one back, presumably to get wiped and redispatched to the new
           | person that has a problem.
        
           | chucke1992 wrote:
           | Tooling, infra, knowledge? The only reason why people are
           | talking about "issues in Windows" because people are widely
           | using it.
           | 
           | If linux had software anywhere close to the amount that
           | windows has, it would have experienced the same issues too.
           | After all it is not just about running a server and tinkering
           | with config files. It is about ability to manage the devices,
           | rolling out updates and so on.
        
             | amlib wrote:
             | You have to also factor in competition. I think it's a big
             | factor on why corporate IT is generally bad, Microsoft and
             | their partners have no reason to improve on the status quo.
             | If we had viable alternatives, in a market where no entity
             | has more than 20% market share or something like that the
             | standards would be much higher.
        
               | chucke1992 wrote:
               | Standards of what? Microsoft cannot force the third party
               | company to test their own builds before releasing them.
        
               | oytis wrote:
               | The whole idea of running a backdoor with OS privileges
               | in order to increase system security screams Windows. In
               | Linux, even if Crowdstrike (or similar endpoint
               | management software) is allowed to update itself, it
               | doesn't have to run as a kernel driver. So a buggy update
               | to Crowdstrike would only kill Crowdstrike and nothing
               | else.
               | 
               | And Linux is not even a particularly hardened OS. If we
               | could take some resources from VC smoke and mirrors and
               | dedicate them to securing our critical infrastructure we
               | could have airports and hospitals running on some safety-
               | critical microkernel OS with tailored software.
        
           | gadders wrote:
           | Word, Excel, Powerpoint and all the other windows software.
           | Plus all the people that know how to use the windows software
           | vs Linux equivalents (if they exist).
        
           | bregma wrote:
           | Purchasing decisions are made by purchasing managers.
           | Purchasing managers spend their time torturing numbers in
           | spreadsheets, writing reports, and getting free lunches from
           | channel sales reps. Microsoft is just a sales organization
           | with some technical prowess, and their channel reps are very
           | effective.
           | 
           | Technical arguments, logic, and sense do not contribute much
           | to purchasing decisions in the corporate world.
        
         | arccy wrote:
         | > Apple has done a much better job with macOS in terms of
         | security and performance.
         | 
         | Do not underestimate corporate IT's ability to slow down Macs
         | with endpoint security software.
        
           | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
           | This has been my experience.
           | 
           | I used to run a C++ shop, writing heavy-duty image processing
           | pipeline software.
           | 
           | It did a _lot_ , and it needed to do it in realtime, so we
           | were constantly busting our asses to profile and optimize the
           | software.
           | 
           | Our IT department insisted that we install 'orrible, 'orrible
           | Java-based sneakware onto _all_ of our machines, including
           | the ones we were profiling.
           | 
           | We ended up having "rogue" machines, that would have gotten
           | us in trouble, if IT found out (and I learned that senior
           | management will _always_ side with IT, regardless of whether
           | or not that makes sense. It resulted in the IT department
           | acting like that little sneak that sticks his tongue out at
           | you, while hiding behind Sister Mary Elephant 's habit).
           | 
           | But, to give them credit, they did have a tough job, and the
           | risks were very real. Many baddies would have been thrilled
           | to get their claws on our software.
        
             | sapiogram wrote:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadow_IT
        
             | axus wrote:
             | Air-gapped systems: keeping you safe from IT (and
             | incidentally hackers on government payrolls)
        
           | balder1991 wrote:
           | Yeah, idk what they do, but in my company some new MacBook
           | Pros with M3 are taking 15 minutes to login after typing the
           | user password.
        
           | ta1243 wrote:
           | Had a problem with a "slow network" from a mac to a nas
           | drive, was capping about 800mbit a second, despite having a
           | 10g link.
           | 
           | As I looked through I killed sophos. Suddenly speeds shot up
           | above 7gbit. A few seconds later they dropped back down,
           | sophos has retured.
           | 
           | A "while (true) pkill sophos" later and the malware was
           | sedated.
           | 
           | Having proved it wasn't a network problem I left it with the
           | engineer to determine the best long term solution.
        
           | mattmcknight wrote:
           | Mosyle is doing their best to make Macs unusable.
        
             | LilBytes wrote:
             | Oh?
             | 
             | We were in need of an MDM to help staff (non-techs) with
             | their Mac books. I haven't noticed any issues, nor have two
             | of my staff who are trialling it. What's been your main
             | gripe?
             | 
             | I'm a Dev but also manage the It team of one sys admin and
             | haven't noticed any performance hits. Yet anyway, but it's
             | only been two weeks.
        
               | mattmcknight wrote:
               | Installing software is painful- some of this is perhaps
               | related to how the IT group has restricted so much for
               | us, can't even change my screen saver, and weirdness like
               | bizarre pop ups asking for your password from time to
               | time. It just doesn't belong on a developer machine.
        
         | dagaci wrote:
         | I think you represent the schism in your own post. Retail is
         | hyper focused on the name Microsoft and Windows. But the
         | enterprise and technical people are focused on rolling back a
         | bad CrowdStrike bad update. They will spend hours and even days
         | focusing on doing that, asking why they were vulnerable to such
         | an update and what they should have done to avert being
         | vulnerable to a bad update.
         | 
         | And for them it will be a bit of a stretch to say Microsoft
         | should have stopped us deploying CrowdStrike. I'm sure
         | Microsoft would love to do just that and sell its own Microsoft
         | Solution.
         | 
         | Now if enterprises decide to run only Linux, BSD, or MacOS
         | would they have been invulnerable to a bad CrowdStrike update:
         | https://www.google.com/search?q=crowdstrike+kernel+panic
         | 
         | No so your entire premis is fully invalidated by a single
         | google search.
         | 
         | On the other had I do feel Microsoft does have life far too
         | easy in so many enterprises, but the fault here lies as much
         | with the competition.
        
           | gred wrote:
           | > it will be a bit of a stretch to say Microsoft should have
           | stopped us deploying CrowdStrike
           | 
           | I read GP's post to mean that if you take a step back,
           | Windows' history of (in)security is what has led us to an
           | environment where CrowdStrike is used / needed.
        
             | rfoo wrote:
             | Well, then why would we have Linux and macOS versions of
             | CrowdStrike Falcon Sensor (tm), too?
        
               | oneeyedpigeon wrote:
               | To make money? Just because CrowdStrike is available for
               | Linux and Mac doesn't mean that a) people buy and use it
               | in substantial numbers b) people _need_ to buy it. It
               | would be interesting to hear from someone using
               | CrowdStrike in a Linux /Mac environment.
        
               | onewheeltom wrote:
               | CS installed on my managed Mac. Generally no problems
               | except randomly network stops working. Fixed by waiting.
        
               | vladvasiliu wrote:
               | We run Crowdstrike on Linux and Macs so that we can tick
               | some compliance checkbox.
               | 
               | Fun fact: they've recommended we don't install the latest
               | kernel updates since they usually lag a bit with support.
               | We're running Ubuntu LTS, not some bleeding edge arch. It
               | now supports using ebpf so it's somewhat better.
        
               | ljm wrote:
               | Had it on my Mac a few years back and my long-lasting
               | memory of it was how it:
               | 
               | a) slowed down the performance of my machine to a crawl
               | in a NodeJS project
               | 
               | b) had my laptop fans spinning at full blast 24/7, even
               | waking up the laptop overnight to do it
               | 
               | It was purely for compliance, but I also got the
               | impression that it was a bloated enterprise solution for
               | the problem.
        
               | berkes wrote:
               | For the same reasons there's antivirus software for Mac
               | and Linux.
               | 
               | People coming from Microsoft systems just expect it to be
               | required, so there's demand for it (demand != need). And
               | in hybrid environments it may remove a weak link: e.g. a
               | Linux mailserver that serves mail to Windows users best
               | has virus detection for windows viruses.
        
               | klooney wrote:
               | It's not just those darn windows admins. Alot of the
               | certifications customers care about- SOC II, ISO
               | whatever, FedRamp, have line items that require it.
        
               | raffraffraff wrote:
               | I've had to install server antivirus onto my Linux laptop
               | at 4 different companies. Every time it's been a pain in
               | the ass because the the only antivirus solutions I've
               | found for Linux assume that "this must be a file server
               | used by Windows clients". None of them are actually
               | useful, so I've installed them and disabled them. There,
               | box-checking exercise done.
        
               | astura wrote:
               | It's not just fake demand, it's required in most
               | instances (example- STIG requirements)
        
               | sam_lowry_ wrote:
               | fake requirements?
        
               | sam_lowry_ wrote:
               | I spent some time on STIG website out of curiosity. There
               | seem to be down-to-earth practical requirements but only
               | for Windows, cf. https://public.cyber.mil/stigs/gpo/
               | 
               | Why does it justify running antiviri on Linux is beyond
               | my understanding.
               | 
               | Weak, impotent, speechless IT personnel that can not face
               | off incompetence?
        
               | TheNewsIsHere wrote:
               | I'm not defending CrowdStrike here. This is a clearly
               | egregious lack of test coverage, but CrowdStrike isn't
               | "just" antivirus. The Falcon Sensor does very useful
               | things beyond that, like USB device control, firewall
               | configuration, reporting, etc.
               | 
               | If your use case has a lesser need for antimalware you
               | might still deploy CrowdStrike to achieve those ends.
               | Which help to lessen reliance on antimalware as a
               | singular defense (which of course it shouldn't be).
        
               | berkes wrote:
               | I know it isn't just antivirus. I was merely drawing a
               | simpler analogy.
        
               | buran77 wrote:
               | > For the same reasons there's antivirus software for Mac
               | and Linux.
               | 
               | Because they can also get malware or could use the extra
               | control CS provides, and the "I'm not a significant
               | target so I'm safe" is not really a solid defense? Bad
               | quality protection (as exemplified by the present CS
               | issues) isn't a justification for no protection at all.
               | 
               | Would you ignore the principle of least privilege (least
               | user access) and walk around with all the keys to the
               | kingdom just because you're savvier than most at
               | detecting an attack and anyway you're only one person,
               | what are the chances you're targeted? You're the
               | Linux/MacOS of the user world, and "everyone knows those
               | principles are only for the Windows equivalent of users".
        
               | berkes wrote:
               | I'm not arguing that Linux or Mac need no protection.
               | 
               | There are serious threats to any Linux machine. And if
               | you include Android, there are probably far more Linux
               | machines out there. Hell, including their navigation,
               | router, NAS, TV, and car, my 70+ yo mom runs at least 5
               | Linux machines at her home. It's a significant target.
               | And Mac is quite obviously a neat target, if only because
               | the demographic usually has higher income (hardly any
               | Bangladeshi sweatshop worker will put down the cash to
               | buy a MacBook or iphone. But might just own an Android or
               | windows laptop)
               | 
               | I'm arguing that viruses aren't a threat, generally.
               | Partly due to the architecture, partly due to their
               | useage.
        
               | wpm wrote:
               | Except at least on the Mac, your AV software is unlikely
               | to be part of the boot process, and doesn't run in the
               | kernel.
               | 
               | Shit like today is _precisely_ why Apple kicked Mac
               | developers out of kernel-space for the most part.
        
               | giaour wrote:
               | Neither Linux nor OSX are immune to viruses, though
               | malware is more commonly written to target Windows given
               | its position in the market. Both iOS and Android are
               | frequent malware targets despite neither being related to
               | Windows, and consequently, both have antivirus
               | capabilities integrated deeply into both the OS and the
               | app delivery ecosystem.
               | 
               | Any OS deployed on a user device needs some form of
               | malware protection unless the device is blocked from
               | doing anything interesting. You can generally forgo anti-
               | malware on servers that are doing one thing that requires
               | a smaller set of permissions (e.g., serving a website),
               | but that's not because of the OS they are running.
        
               | jtbayly wrote:
               | Wut?
               | 
               | You can't run ClamAV on iPhone, can you?
        
               | giaour wrote:
               | No, ClamAV doesn't have an iOS version. There are plenty
               | of iOS-specific AV programs available if you need one,
               | though.
        
               | jtbayly wrote:
               | I just looked, and your claim is _very_ misleading.
               | 
               | Sure, "AVG Mobile Security" is available, but nobody
               | needs it, and it _isn't_ anything like antivirus software
               | on a computer. It provides... a photo vault, a VPN, and
               | "identity protection."
               | 
               | To tell people that they are vulnerable without something
               | like this on their iPhone is ludicrous.
               | 
               | Nobody meeds antivirus software or malware protection
               | like this on their iPhone, unless they like just giving
               | money away.
        
               | rfoo wrote:
               | I'd say very special people need malware protection like
               | this on their iPhone.
               | 
               | Remember NSO Group? Or the campaign Kaspersky exposed
               | last year? Apple successfully made malware on iOS very
               | rare unless you are targeted. But right now, it is
               | impossible for these targeted people to get any kind of
               | protection. Even forensics after being compromised is
               | extremely difficult thanks to Apple's walled garden
               | approach.
        
               | jtbayly wrote:
               | It depends on what you mean by "like this."
               | 
               | The usefulness of a _theoretical_ app that might be able
               | to stop high-power exploits isn't being debated. The
               | claim I'm objecting to is that everybody _should_ be
               | running (available) antivirus software on their phone.
               | 
               | But if you mean that these highly targeted people would
               | have been helped by running "AVG Mobile Security" or one
               | of the other available so-called "antivirus" apps, then
               | I've got an enterprise security contract to sell you. :)
        
               | giaour wrote:
               | > The claim I'm objecting to is that everybody should be
               | running (available) antivirus software on their phone.
               | 
               | You're objecting to the (much more specific) claim that
               | everybody should be running 3P antivirus software on
               | their phone. Nobody made this claim. You are already
               | running AV software on your phone, and whatever is built
               | into the platform is more than sufficient for most users.
        
               | giaour wrote:
               | If you'll scroll up to the comment you originally replied
               | to, you'll see that I said Android and iOS have AV
               | capabilities built into the OS and app delivery
               | ecosystem. That's more than enough for most users: mobile
               | OSes have something much closer to a capability-based
               | security paradigm than desktop OSes, and both Apple and
               | Google are pretty quick to nerf app behavior that
               | subverts user expectations via system updates (unless it
               | was done by the platform to support ad sales).
               | 
               | Your mobile device is a Turing machine, and as such it is
               | vulnerable to malware. However, the built-in protections
               | are probably sufficient unless you have a specific reason
               | to believe they are not.
               | 
               | The only AV software for mobile devices that I have seen
               | used is bundled with corporate "endpoint management"
               | features like a VPN, patch and policy management, and
               | remote wipe support. It's for enterprise customers that
               | provision phones for their employees.
        
               | jtbayly wrote:
               | You said...
               | 
               | > You can generally forgo anti-malware on servers that
               | are doing one thing that requires a smaller set of
               | permissions (e.g., serving a website), but that's not
               | because of the OS they are running.
               | 
               | It seems to me like you're trying to have it both ways.
               | 
               | It really _is_ because of the OS that one doesn't need to
               | run anti-malware software on those servers and also on
               | the iPhone, which you seem to have admitted.
        
               | giaour wrote:
               | It seems like we're both trying to make a distinction
               | that the other person thinks is unimportant. But if the
               | crucial marker for you is whether anti-malware protection
               | is built into the OS, then I've got great news for you:
               | Windows has built-in AV, too, and it's more than enough
               | for most users.
               | 
               | The distinction I was trying to make is that the anti-
               | malware strategy used by servers (restrict what the user
               | can do, use formal change control processes, monitor
               | performance trends and compare resource utilization
               | against a baseline and expectations inferred from
               | incoming work metrics) is different from the anti malware
               | strategy used by "endpoints" (scanning binaries and
               | running processes for suspicious patterns).
        
               | LtWorf wrote:
               | So that work can't progress too fast?
        
               | mbreese wrote:
               | Windows IT admins who don't use or understand Linux/Mac.
               | Who also buy at the enterprise level. And who probably
               | have to install (perhaps unnecessary) endpoint protection
               | to satisfy compliance checklists.
               | 
               | The amount of Windows centric IT that gets pushed to
               | Linux/Mac is crazy. I've been in meeting where using
               | Windows based file storage was discussed at a possibility
               | for an HPC compute cluster (Linux). And they were being
               | serious. This was in theory so that central IT could
               | manage backups.
        
               | skywhopper wrote:
               | The policies are written by folks who have no
               | understanding of different operating environments. The
               | requirement "All servers and workstations must have EDR
               | software installed" leads to top-level execs doing a deal
               | with Crowdstrike because they "support" Linux, Mac, and
               | Windows. So then every host must have their malware
               | installed to check the box. Doesn't matter if it's useful
               | or not.
        
               | rietta wrote:
               | Indeed and insurance too. For our business, our
               | professional errors and omissions coverage for years had
               | the ability to cover cyber issues. No more. That requires
               | cybersecurity insurance and the underwriters will not
               | entertain underwriting a policy unless EDR is in place.
               | They don't care if you are running OpenBSD and are an
               | expert in cybersecurity who testifies in court cases or
               | none of that. EDR from our list or no insurance.
        
               | rietta wrote:
               | I can answer this. For the same reason I have run ClamAV
               | on Linux development workstations. Because without it, we
               | cannot attest that we have satisfied all requirements of
               | the contract from the client's security organization.
               | 
               | Also if you are a small business and are required to have
               | cybersecurity liability insurance, the underwriter will
               | require such sensors to be in place or you will get no
               | policy.
        
               | usefulcat wrote:
               | If said underwriters don't typically cover things like
               | the current CrowdStrike problem, that seems like a pretty
               | big case of misaligned incentives.
        
               | renewedrebecca wrote:
               | Because of Security Theater.
        
               | Aaronstotle wrote:
               | Because it will look very bad if you answer, "No, our
               | company has no Anti-virus because we are a macOS shop" on
               | a security questionnaire
        
               | p_l wrote:
               | For macOS? Because without it you don't have certain
               | monitoring and compliance capabilities that are standard
               | built-ins in windows, plus for windows/linux/mac the
               | monitoring capabilities are all useful and help detect
               | unwanted operation.
        
             | thaumasiotes wrote:
             | > I read GP's post to mean that if you take a step back,
             | Windows' history of (in)security is what has led us to an
             | environment where CrowdStrike is used / needed.
             | 
             | Windows does have a history of insecurity, but it is no
             | different from any other software in this regard. The
             | environment would be the same in the absence of Windows.
             | 
             | Attacks are developed for Windows because attacks against
             | Windows are more valuable -- they have a large number of
             | potential targets -- not because they're easier to develop.
        
           | AgentME wrote:
           | MacOS has been phasing out support for third-party kernel
           | extensions and CrowdStrike doesn't use a kernel extension
           | there according to some other posts.
        
             | ehutch79 wrote:
             | Also, it does actually work on MacOS despite this. We've
             | had it catch someone getting malware.
        
             | mbreese wrote:
             | I'm convinced that one reason for this move by Apple was
             | poor quality kernel extensions written by enterprise
             | security companies. I had our enterprise virus/firewall
             | program crash my Mac all the time. I eventually had to
             | switch to a different computer (Linux) for that work.
             | 
             | It wasn't Crowdstrike, but quality kernel level engineering
             | isn't was I think of when I think of security IT companies.
             | 
             | But, also credit Apple here. They've made it possible for
             | these programs to still run and do their jobs _without_
             | needing to run in kernel mode and be susceptible to
             | crashes.
        
               | nijave wrote:
               | Not only security software, but really any 3rd party
               | drivers have caused issues on Windows for years. Building
               | better interfaces less likely to crash the kernel was a
               | smart move
        
               | drewg123 wrote:
               | When I started doing driver development on MacOS X in the
               | early 2000s, there were a number of questions on the
               | kernel/driver dev mailing lists for darwin from AV
               | vendors implementing kernel extensions. Most of them were
               | embarrassing questions like "Our kernel extension calls
               | out to our user level application, and sometimes the
               | system deadlocks" that made me resolve to never run 3rd
               | party AV on any system.
        
             | nijave wrote:
             | Whether you like macOS or not, they definitely are
             | innovating in this space. They (afaik) are the only OS with
             | more granular data access for permissions as well (no
             | unfettered filesystem access by default, for instance)
             | 
             | It's also a shame CrowdStrike doesn't take kernel
             | reliability seriously
        
               | fsflover wrote:
               | Qubes OS has a better model, security by
               | compartmentalization: everything runs in separate VMs
               | with hardware virtualization.
        
               | throwaway48476 wrote:
               | Qubes is great but no desktop GPU supports
               | virtualization.
        
               | klodolph wrote:
               | I could be happy if the GPU was only used for
               | compositing.
               | 
               | If I were doing ML work, maybe I do that work in an
               | ephemeral cloud environment.
               | 
               | I know this doesn't cover everyone's use case, but it
               | doesn't have to.
        
               | fsflover wrote:
               | They plan to add GPU acceleration in the next release:
               | https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-issues/issues/8553
               | 
               | See also: https://www.youtube.com/watch?list=PLQMQQsKgvLn
               | tZiKoELFs22Mt...
        
               | wtallis wrote:
               | > They plan to add GPU acceleration in the next release:
               | https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-issues/issues/8553
               | 
               | You say they're planning to add a feature in the next
               | release, but what you linked to is merely an uncompleted
               | to-do item for creating a UI switch to toggle a feature
               | that _hasn 't been written yet_. I think you win the
               | prize for the most ridiculous exaggeration in this
               | thread. Unless you can link to something that actually
               | comes anywhere close to supporting your claim, you're
               | just recklessly lying.
        
               | fsflover wrote:
               | The linked Issue #8553 is "just" about creating a toggle
               | for GPU acceleration. It's blocked by Issue #8552 [0],
               | which is the actual Issue about the acceleration and
               | originally belonged to Milestone "Release 4.3". It seems
               | to have been removed later, which I didn't expect or know
               | about. Accusation of lying was completely unnecessary in
               | your comment.
               | 
               | Moreover, the Milestone was removed not because they
               | changed their mind about the Release but for other
               | reasons [1].
               | 
               | [0] https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-issues/issues/8552
               | 
               | [1] https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-issues/milestone/28
               | 
               | See also: https://forum.qubes-os.org/t/gpu-acceleration-
               | development/24...
        
               | wtallis wrote:
               | Ok, so your [0] shows that the real work has barely been
               | started. The only indication it was ever planned for the
               | next release was a misunderstanding on your part about
               | the meaning of a tag that was applied to the issue for
               | _less than one day_ last fall, and they 've stopped
               | tagging issues with milestones to prevent such
               | misunderstandings in the future. It still looks to me
               | like your exaggerated claim was grounded in little more
               | than wishful thinking.
        
               | reginald78 wrote:
               | Am I missing something? This is to add a toggle button
               | and the developers say they are blocked because GPU
               | acceleration feature doesn't exist so the button wouldn't
               | be able to do anything.
        
               | fsflover wrote:
               | See my other comment here.
        
               | wolrah wrote:
               | > Qubes is great but no desktop GPU supports
               | virtualization.
               | 
               | Intel 12th-gen and newer iGPUs do, and AFAIK it can be
               | unlocked on certain Arc cards as well but details are
               | fuzzy.
        
               | jazzyjackson wrote:
               | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/defender-
               | endpoint/enable-c...
        
               | eightysixfour wrote:
               | I'm sorry, restricting user's ability to change their
               | computer is not innovation. It is paternalism.
        
               | wtallis wrote:
               | The user isn't being restricted. Third-party software is
               | being restricted, by default, and those restrictions can
               | be disabled by the user.
        
               | bsharper wrote:
               | The user can change anything they want, but a process
               | launched by your user doesn't inherit every user access
               | by default. You (the user) can give a process full disk
               | access, or just access to your documents, or just access
               | to your contacts, etc. It's maximizing user control, not
               | minimizing it.
        
               | eightysixfour wrote:
               | I am talking about removing the ability to install kernel
               | extensions.
               | 
               | As for full disk access, go try and remove Photo Booth
               | from you Mac.
        
               | samcat116 wrote:
               | This is a feature not a bug in the enterprise.
        
             | dagaci wrote:
             | https://www.dropboxforum.com/t5/Apps-and-
             | Installations/New-D...
             | 
             | Is this happening with or without kernel extensions?
        
           | graemep wrote:
           | The issue with Crowdstrike on Linux did not cause widespread
           | failures, so its clear that the majority of enterprises that
           | do run their servers on Linux were not affected. They were
           | invulnerable because they do not need Crowdstrike or similar.
           | 
           | Linux (or BSD) servers do not usually require third party
           | kernel modules. Linux desktops might have the odd video
           | driver or similar.
        
           | Vilian wrote:
           | The difference is that i van easily rollback a linux system,
           | a complete update too, nota on windows
        
           | miah_ wrote:
           | Crowdstrike on Linux is only useful for appeasing corporate
           | auditors, and making Crowdstrike money.
        
           | lizknope wrote:
           | In the case of a bad Linux kernel update I would just reboot
           | and pick the previous kernel from the boot menu. By default
           | most Linux distributions keep the last 3. I'm not an IPMI
           | remote management expert but it may be possible to script
           | this.
           | 
           | All my machines at home run Linux except for my work laptop.
           | It is stuck in this infinite blue screen reboot loop. Because
           | we use Bitlocker I can't even get it into safe mode or
           | whatever to delete the bad file. I think IT will have to
           | manually go around to literally 8,000 work laptops and fix
           | them individually.
        
             | t_spins wrote:
             | You would "just pick the previous kernel from the boot
             | menu". That's funny, cause in this case you could "just
             | delete the file causing the issue." Anything can sound easy
             | and simple if you state it that way.
             | 
             | How do you access the boot menu for a server running in the
             | cloud, which you normally just SSH into (RDP in Windows'
             | case)?
             | 
             | About your last paragraph: we have just started sending out
             | the bitlocker keys to everyone so it can be done by them
             | too. Surely not best practice, but it beats everyone having
             | to line up at the helpdesk.
        
               | lizknope wrote:
               | I can't delete a file if the machine doesn't finish
               | booting. Unless you are suggesting removing the drive and
               | putting it in another machine. That requires a
               | screwdriver and 5 minutes vs. the 10 seconds to reboot
               | and pick a different kernel.
               | 
               | I'm not talking about the cloud. I am talking about the
               | physical machines sitting in front of me specifically my
               | work laptop.
               | 
               | I am an integrated circuit computer chip designer, not a
               | data center IT person. I have seen IPMI on the servers in
               | our office. Do cloud data centers have this available to
               | people?
               | 
               | I have a cheap cloud VM that I pay $3.50 a month. I
               | normally just SSH in but if I want to install a new
               | operating system or SSH is not responding then I log in
               | to the web site and get a management console. I can get a
               | terminal window and login, I can force a reboot, or I can
               | upload an ISO image of another operating system and
               | select that as the boot device for the next reboot and
               | install that.
               | 
               | Does your cloud service not have something like this?
               | 
               | I don't know what our corporate IT dept wants to do. We
               | all work from home on Friday and I can't login to check
               | email so I'll just wait until Monday as there is nothing
               | urgent today anyway.
        
               | squeaky-clean wrote:
               | Booting into safe mode still works to delete the bad
               | file.
        
               | lizknope wrote:
               | The OS drive is encrypted with Bitlocker. I've seen
               | another thread where corporate IT departments were giving
               | out the recovery key to users. I don't need to get
               | anything done today. I'll go into the office on Monday
               | and see what they say.
        
               | j33zusjuice wrote:
               | Idk if this is a serious question, but you just turn on
               | console access in the cloud provider. It's super easy.
               | Same concept as VMWare. It's possible that not all cloud
               | providers do that, I suppose.
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | The biggest cloud providers out there (AWS, Azure, GCP)
               | don't.
        
               | cesarb wrote:
               | > You would "just pick the previous kernel from the boot
               | menu". That's funny, cause in this case you could "just
               | delete the file causing the issue." Anything can sound
               | easy and simple if you state it that way.
               | 
               | One small difference, is that choosing the kernel from
               | the boot menu is done before unlocking the encrypted
               | drive, so no recovery keys would be necessary. And yes,
               | choosing an entry from a menu (which automatically
               | appears when the last boot has failed) _is_ simpler than
               | entering recovery mode and typing a command, even without
               | disk encryption.
               | 
               | A better analogue would be a bad update on a non-kernel
               | package which is critical to the boot sequence, for
               | instance systemd or glibc. Unless it's one of the
               | distributions which snapshot the whole root filesystem
               | before doing a package update.
        
               | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
               | NixOS boots to a menu of system configuration revisions
               | to chose from which includes any config change, not just
               | kernel updates.
               | 
               | It's not filesystem snapshots either. It keeps track of
               | input parameters and then "rebuilds" the system to
               | achieve the desired state. It sounds like it would be
               | slow, but you've still got those build outputs cached
               | from the first time, so it's quite snappy.
               | 
               | If you took a bad update, and then boot to a previous
               | revision, the bad update is still in the cache, but it's
               | not pointed to by anything. Admittedly it takes some
               | discipline to maintain that determinism, but it's
               | discipline that pays off.
        
               | rewgs wrote:
               | I hate to be the guy that's like "Nix is the solution,"
               | but...Nix is the solution.
               | 
               | Nearly every corporate machine that needs to run Windows
               | should run it as a VM on a NixOS base, unless there is an
               | extremely good reason not to.
        
               | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
               | Progress is slow, but eventually there will be nix on
               | windows: https://discourse.nixos.org/t/nix-on-
               | windows/1113/117 (fingers crossed).
               | 
               | I don't expect to use it much myself but I love the idea
               | of reducing the OS to an interchangeable part. What
               | matters is the software and its configuration. If windows
               | won't boot for some reason, boot to the exact same
               | environment but on a different OS, and get on with your
               | day.
               | 
               | If something is broken about your environment, fix it in
               | the code that generates that environment--not by booting
               | into safe mode and deleting some file. Tamper with the
               | cause, not with the effect. Cattle, not pets, etc.
               | 
               | This sort of thing is only possible with nix (and maybe a
               | few others) because elsewhere "the exact same
               | environment" is insufficiently defined, there's just not
               | enough information to generate it in an OS-agnostic way.
        
               | kelsey98765431 wrote:
               | > How do you access the boot menu for a server running in
               | the cloud, which you normally just SSH into (RDP in
               | Windows' case)?
               | 
               | They just said IMPI.
        
           | pepa65 wrote:
           | If you ran "only Linux, BSD, or MacOS" on a Microsoft
           | hypervisor, yes. I would never recommend that, and your link
           | exemplifies one reason why.
        
         | slumberlust wrote:
         | What makes you think the FAANG companies don't use windows?
         | Spent four years at Amazon recently and unless you were a dev,
         | you were more likely to have a windows PC than Mac. Saw zero
         | Linux laptops.
        
           | marcyb5st wrote:
           | Depend on which FAANG I guess. Approaching now 10y at Google
           | and I saw Windows laptops only used by very few sales people.
           | Everyone else is either using Macs or Chromebook.
        
             | drewmate wrote:
             | Fellow Googler here. I'm the exception that proves the
             | rule. After 7 years of Macbook and Linux devices, I needed
             | Windows for a special project, so I got a "gWindows" device
             | and found it very well supported.
             | 
             | Aside from the specific Windows-only software I needed, I
             | would still just ssh into a Linux workstation, but gWindows
             | can do basically everything my Mac can. I was pleasantly
             | surprised.
        
               | ttyprintk wrote:
               | What's the secret sauce in gwindows? Do they add a hidden
               | Russian keyboard or locale to neutralize malware?
        
           | mdip wrote:
           | It's funny how that works.
           | 
           | Leave FAANG and most internal developers at large
           | corporations are running Windows. It wasn't until I started
           | at a smaller shop that I found people regularly using Linux
           | to do their jobs, usually in a dual-boot or with a virtual
           | Windows install "just in case" but most _never_ touched it.
           | 
           | I'm presently working supporting a .NET web app (some of
           | which is "old .NET Framework) but my work machine runs
           | OpenSUSE Tumbleweed. I can't see that flying at the larger
           | shops I have previously worked at. I'll admit, that might be
           | different -- today -- I haven't worked at a large shop in
           | more than a decade.
        
             | jeffwask wrote:
             | Most corporations have no interest in paying the cost of
             | running a multi-OS IT shop nor dealing with the challenges
             | of fleet management with both Linux and Mac that make
             | running those fleets more expensive and challenging.
             | 
             | That's before you factor in that almost everyone in IT is a
             | born and bred in Windows and in almost every case people
             | tend to choose what they know best.
        
           | briandear wrote:
           | At Apple nobody uses Windows.
        
             | layer8 wrote:
             | They do develop some Windows software, so I'm sure some do.
        
               | flkenosad wrote:
               | The company developing that probably operates under a
               | different name.
        
             | butlike wrote:
             | The entire bootcamp team is an empty chair with a note
             | tacked on that says "brb in 15; lunch"
        
               | kedean wrote:
               | Is there still a bootcamp team? I thought they abandoned
               | that with the shift to Apple silicon
        
         | jimnotgym wrote:
         | >Apple has done a much better job with macOS in terms of
         | security and performance.
         | 
         | I really like their corporate IT products that are going to
         | push MS out as you say. I particularly love iActive Directory,
         | iExchange, iSQLserver, iDynamics ERP, iTeams. Apples office
         | products are the reason noone uses Excel any more. Their
         | integration with their corporate cloud, iAzure is amazing. I
         | love their server products in particular, it being so easy to
         | spin up an ios server and have dfs filesharing, dns etc is
         | great. MS must be quaking in their shoes
        
           | frankohn wrote:
           | > I particularly love iActive Directory, iExchange,
           | iSQLserver, iDynamics ERP, iTeams. Apples office products are
           | the reason noone uses Excel any more.
           | 
           | I see your sarcasm backfire as most you are listing is just
           | Microsoft dog-food with no real usefulness. The only good
           | thing in your list is Excel, all the rest is bloatware. Teams
           | is a resource hog that serve no useful purpose. Skype was
           | perfectly fine to send messages or have some video call.
           | 
           | I admit I don't have experience as an IT administator but
           | things like managing emails, accounts, database, manage
           | remote computers can be done with well estalished tools from
           | the linux/BSD world.
        
             | datavirtue wrote:
             | "I admit I don't have experience as an IT administator"
             | 
             | Then just hit the back button.
        
             | dartos wrote:
             | > I don't have experience as an IT Admin
             | 
             | Wild that you'd write this comment with such a confident
             | voice then.
             | 
             | I worked at a company who's IT team managed both windows
             | and Mac computers and apparently MS's ActiveDirectory is
             | leagues ahead of apple's offering. Which makes sense. MS is
             | selling windows to administrators, not to users
        
               | red-iron-pine wrote:
               | I'm a die hard FOSS guy, but as someone who has done LDAP
               | work with FreeIPA and OpenLDAP -- AD does a better job.
               | 
               | Admittidly, it's mostly a better job at integrating with
               | Microsoft-powered systems, so it should damn well do a
               | better job, but it's a core business offering and has
               | polish on it in ways that many FOSS offerings don't.
               | 
               | disclaimer: haven't done FreeIPA and LDAP work in the
               | last ~3 years, maybe they got better.
        
             | WillAdams wrote:
             | Time was, NeXT was a hard sell into corporations because it
             | required so little administration, and what there was was
             | so easily done IT staffs were hugely cut back after
             | implementing them.
             | 
             | I'd be glad to see Apple bring those tools back.
        
               | rayrey wrote:
               | Looks fondly over at the old black pizza box
        
               | WillAdams wrote:
               | Had to move my Cube this past week-end, and it made me
               | incredibly sad.
               | 
               | Using a NeXT Cube w/ Wacom ArtZ and an NCR-3125 running
               | Go Corp.'s PenPoint (and rebooting into Windows for Pen
               | Computing when I wanted to run Futurewave Smartsketch)
               | was the high-water mark of my computing experience.
               | 
               | It was elegant, consistent, reliable, and "just worked"
               | in a way no computer has since (and I had such high hopes
               | for Rhapsody and the Mac OS Public Beta).
        
             | pocketsand wrote:
             | I would disagree. I work in healthcare and we've always
             | used SQL Server. While I wouldn't pick it, it's been
             | reliable and integrates with auth.
             | 
             | No one "loves" Teams, but honestly it serves its purpose
             | for us at no cost.
             | 
             | No one loves OneDrive but it works.
             | 
             | I think people underestimate how much work it would take to
             | integrate services, train people, and meet compliance
             | requirements when using a handful of the best in class
             | products instead of MS Suite.
        
               | ta1243 wrote:
               | > No one "loves" Teams, but honestly it serves its
               | purpose for us at no cost.
               | 
               | Of course there's a cost, its just hidden and you are
               | forced to pay it. Microsoft used its monopoly position to
               | move into a new market.
        
               | pocketsand wrote:
               | Yeah, sure. But the marginal cost is zero, whereas a
               | Slack subscription for every person in our org will cost
               | about 1 million dollars a year. And it doesn't integrate
               | as well with every other piece of functional but mediocre
               | software.
               | 
               | The person approving the $1 million dollar budget item
               | doesn't really care that Teams isn't "free" in the sense
               | that there is no free lunch, and while they perhaps have
               | moral qualms of antitrust, that's outside their purview.
               | We're locked into Office suite and right now there is no
               | extra charge for Teams.
        
               | ta1243 wrote:
               | Which is why the legal process is simply too slow for big
               | tech
               | 
               | Microsoft did a massively illegal thing (again) and got
               | away with it
               | 
               | Time to hold companies responsible for their suppliers.
        
               | mbreese wrote:
               | People use Teams and OneDrive because it's "Free" when
               | you use Office. IMO, that's a bit of an anti-trust
               | problem. Both have good competitors (arguably better
               | competitors) that are getting squeezed because of the
               | monopoly pricing with Office.
               | 
               | But with SQL Server, on the other hand, I think you are
               | right. It is a good piece of software. But it also has
               | high quality competition from multiple vendors. Some of
               | it enterprise (Oracle, DB2), some of it FOSS (Postgres,
               | MySQL). Because of this, it has to be better quality to
               | survive... they couldn't bundle it to get market share,
               | it actually had to compete.
        
               | throwaway3306a wrote:
               | People use Teams because it's well integrated into
               | Office, 365, Entra and other MS products, they would (and
               | recently do) pay for it. It has functionalities that no
               | other alternative has, e.g. it can act as a full call
               | centre solution through a SIP gateway.
        
               | digging wrote:
               | "Well integrated" is honestly a stretch, but it is fair
               | to say it's integrated with no extra setup.
        
               | throwaway3306a wrote:
               | How to manage Slack access control via Azure AD groups?
               | Even the most basic integrations are missing in other
               | options...
        
               | josephd79 wrote:
               | Word, no one uses teams because its great. The only
               | reason it's used is because it's bundled with $M365.
        
             | Stranger43 wrote:
             | Even Excel is beginning to be regarded as a dangerous piece
             | of software that gives the illusion of power while silently
             | bankrupting departments who depend on the idea that large
             | spreadsheets is an accurate and reliable way to analyze
             | large/complex datasets.
             | 
             | the 90ies are over but for some reason average enterprise
             | department have a problem internalizing the fact that the
             | demands today is different then they were 25 years ago.
        
               | jimnotgym wrote:
               | Meanwhile, while HN bubble imagines people doing big data
               | jobs on Excel, in the real world 10s or 100s of millions
               | of people are perfectly satisfied doing small data jobs
               | in Excel.
        
               | Stranger43 wrote:
               | The problem is that without tools and processes to
               | systematically validate those result's people might be
               | perfectly happy about completely inaccurate results.
               | 
               | I know i have had to correct one in three excel sheet i
               | have ever gone over using pen and paper in order to
               | validate the results but i am a paranoid sod who actually
               | do this kind of exercise on a regular basis.
               | 
               | almost all of the disciplines known to rely on excel have
               | a serous issue with repeatability of results either
               | because nobody ever attempts it, or because it's a messy
               | field without a well defined methodology.
        
               | jimnotgym wrote:
               | I work in finance. We have double entry accounting and
               | literal checks and balances to validate our results. It
               | is not a messy field, and has a well defined methodology.
               | We have been the biggest spreadsheet users at many of the
               | companies I have worked with.
        
             | mfro wrote:
             | > I don't have experience as an IT administator
             | 
             | Then you probably shouldn't speak on software exclusively
             | understood and administered by IT administrators. I've
             | worked in IT for some time and every single one of those
             | products(aside from Dynamics) have been the most important
             | parts of our administrative stack.
        
             | afavour wrote:
             | > Teams is a resource hog that serve no useful purpose.
             | Skype was perfectly fine to send messages or have some
             | video call.
             | 
             | I'm sorry, this is a very silly take. I'm no fan of Teams
             | or Slack but I can't deny the functionality they offer,
             | which is far above and beyond what Skype does.
             | 
             | > I admit I don't have experience as an IT administrator
             | 
             | Well, quite.
        
             | hobs wrote:
             | SQL Server ran and runs a lot of big company (it ran
             | MySpace!) however, everything else in your list is hot
             | trash and should be yeeted into the sun.
        
               | nycdotnet wrote:
               | StackOverflow runs on SQL Server.
        
               | hobs wrote:
               | Yeah, but Microsoft's been trying to convince them to
               | move to Azure's stuff for years, so who knows :)
        
           | indymike wrote:
           | Most of the software you list either has a Mac version or
           | will interop well with Apple's ecosystem and has for a
           | decade.
        
           | PedroBatista wrote:
           | You got to admire Apple fanboy's nerve to say Apple is a
           | better company when it comes to IT in a professional setting.
           | 
           | It appears whatever their basic and narrow use-case is
           | becomes what the whole "corporate IT" is.
           | 
           | Windows sucks and recently Microsoft has been on a path to
           | make it suck more, but saying Apple is better for this part
           | of the IT universe is.. hilarious.
        
             | dewey wrote:
             | You know that the parent commenter was joking right?
        
               | Rinzler89 wrote:
               | I think he was talking about grandparent due to baseless
               | criticism of Microsoft and overly praise of Apple based
               | on a flawed or lack of understanding.
        
               | rlanday wrote:
               | I think if someone wants to criticize Microsoft after
               | experiencing their buggy products for 20 years straight,
               | that is not "baseless," although I accept that taking
               | responsibility for literally anything our products do
               | goes against the core values of our profession.
        
               | Rinzler89 wrote:
               | The do have some crappy products, but those crappy
               | products make the world move, because nobody really makes
               | better drop in replacement products, same as SAP,
               | Canonical, Android, etc, none of them are fault tolerant,
               | they all have issues and will fail if you fuzz them with
               | enough edge cases, and according to this article
               | CroudStrike caused the issue, not Windows which is what I
               | was pointing at.
               | 
               | Do you think MacOS can't fail if you fuck with it long
               | enough? Sometimes you don't even have to, it just fails
               | by itself. My Ubuntu 22.04 LTS at my previous job gave me
               | more issues than Windows ever did. Thanks Snaps, Wayland
               | and APT. No workstation OS is perfect.
               | 
               | If you want a fault tolerant OS you're gonna have to roll
               | out your own Linux/BSD build based on your requirements
               | and do your own dev and testing. Which company has money
               | for that? So of course they're gonna pick an off-the-
               | shelf solution that best fits their needs on the budget.
               | How is this Microsoft's fault what their customers choose
               | to do with it? Did they guarantee anywhere their desktop
               | OS os fault tolerant should be used in high availability
               | systems and emergency services, especially with crappy
               | endpoint solutions hooked at kernel level?
        
               | PedroBatista wrote:
               | Yes, hence my comment about what he was
               | responding/mocking to.
        
           | fortran77 wrote:
           | I think their "product" is getting people to astroturf on
           | forums like this!
           | 
           | Apple always does just as bad, if not worse, on pwn2own
           | https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/apple/apple-fixes-
           | safa... as everyone else. And there are several companies
           | that make a lot of money installing spyware on iPhones.
        
           | Stranger43 wrote:
           | All of those are product that creates huge risks when
           | deployed to mission critical environments and this is exactly
           | the problem.
           | 
           | The entire wintel ecosystem depends on people putting their
           | heads in the sand and repeating "nobody ever got fired for
           | buying Microsoft/crowdstrike/IBM" and neglecting to run even
           | the most trivial simulation of what happens when the very
           | well understood design flaws of those platforms gets
           | triggered by a QA department you have no control over drops
           | the ball.
           | 
           | The problem is that as long as nobody dares recognizing that
           | the current mono culture around the "market leading
           | providers" this kind of event will remain really likely even
           | if nobody is trying to break it and and extremely likely once
           | you insert well funded malicious actors(ranging from bored
           | teenagers to criminal gangs and geopolitical rivals).
           | 
           | The problem is that adding fair weather product that gives
           | the illusion of control though fancy dashboards on the days
           | they work is not really an substitute for proper reliance
           | testing and security hardening but far less disruptive to
           | companies that don't really want to leave the 90ies PC
           | metaphor behind.
        
             | zifpanachr23 wrote:
             | To be fair, IBM products back in the day when that saying
             | made sense never had these kinds of problems. It's straight
             | up insulting to compare them to somebody like Crowdstrike.
             | 
             | Wintel won by being cheaper and shittier and getting a
             | critical mass of fly by night OEMs and software vendors on
             | board.
             | 
             | IBM was more analogous to the way Apple handles things.
             | Heavy vertical integration and premium price point with a
             | select few software and hardware vendors working very
             | closely with IBM when software and hardware analogous to
             | Crowdstrike in terms of access was created.
        
             | EvanAnderson wrote:
             | How should corporate IT do it?
             | 
             | You have 100,000 devices to manage. How do you handle that
             | efficiently without creating a monoculture?
             | 
             | It's not a "90ies PC metaphor" problem. Swap Chromebooks
             | for PCs and you still have the problem-- how do you handle
             | centralized management of that "fleet"?
             | 
             | Should every employee "bring their own device" leaving
             | corporate IT "hands-off"? There are still monocultures
             | within that world.
             | 
             | Poor quality assurance on the part of software providers is
             | the root cause. The monocultures and having software that
             | treats the symptoms of bad computing metaphors aren't good
             | either, but bad software quality assurance is the reason
             | this happened today.
        
               | Stranger43 wrote:
               | If crowdsource QA department is all that stands between
               | you and days of no operations then you chose to live with
               | the near certainty that you will have days rather then
               | hours of unplanned company wide downtime.
               | 
               | And if you cannot actually abandon someone like microsoft
               | that consistantly screws up their QA then it's basically
               | dishonest for you to claim that reliability is even a
               | concern for your desktop platform.
               | 
               | And that's essentially what i say when i accuse the
               | modern enterprise it's client device teams of being stuck
               | in the 90ies as those risk were totally acceptable back
               | when the stakes were low and outages only impacted non
               | time critical back office clerical work. but what we saw
               | today was that those high risk cost optimized systems got
               | deployed into roles where the risk/consequence profile is
               | entirely different.
               | 
               | So what you do is that you keep the low impact data entry
               | clerks and spreadsheet wranglers on the windows platform
               | but threat the customer facing workers dealing with time
               | sensitive task something a bit less risky.
               | 
               | It's might not be as easy as just deploying the same old
               | platform designed back in the 90ies to everyone but once
               | you leave the Microsoft ecosystem dual sourcing based on
               | open standards become totally feasible, at costs that
               | might not be prohibitive as everything in the unix like
               | ecosystem including web browsers have multiple
               | independent implementations so you basically just have to
               | standardize of 2-4 rather then one platform which again
               | isnt unfeasible.
               | 
               | It's telling that an Azure region failed this news cycle
               | without anyone noticing because companies just don't
               | tolerate the kind of risk people takes with their wintel
               | desktop for their backends so most critical services
               | hosted in microsofts Iowa datacenter had and second site
               | on standby.
        
               | jimnotgym wrote:
               | >And if you cannot actually abandon someone like
               | microsoft that consistantly screws up their QA
               | 
               | The last outage I can remember due to an ms update was 7
               | or 8 years ago. Desktops got stuck on 'update 100%
               | complete'. After a couple of minutes I pressed
               | ctrl+alt+del and it cleared. Before that...I don't
               | remember. Btw MS provides excellent tools to manage
               | updates, and you can apply them on a rolling basis.
        
               | EvanAnderson wrote:
               | > If crowdsource QA department is all that stands between
               | you and days of no operations ...
               | 
               | For companies of a certain large size, I guess. For all
               | but the largest companies, though, there's no choice but
               | to outsource software risks to software manufacturers.
               | The idea that every company is going to shoulder the
               | burden of maintaining their own software is ridiculous.
               | Companies use off-the-shelf software because it makes
               | good financial sense.
               | 
               | > And if you cannot actually abandon someone like
               | microsoft that consistantly screws up their QA then it's
               | basically dishonest for you to claim that reliability is
               | even a concern for your desktop platform.
               | 
               | When a company has significant software assets tied to a
               | Microsoft platform there's no alternative. A company is
               | going to use the software that best-suits their needs.
               | Platform is a consideration, however I've never seen it
               | be the dominant consideration.
               | 
               | Today's issue isn't a Microsoft problem. The blame rests
               | squarely on Crowdstrike and their inability to do QA. The
               | culture of allowing "security software" to automatically
               | update is bad, but Crowdstrike threw the lit match into
               | that tinderbox by pushing out this update globally.
               | 
               | As another comment points out, Microsoft has good tools
               | for rolling update releases for corporate environments.
               | They're not perfect but they're not terrible either.
               | 
               | > It's might not be as easy as just deploying the same
               | old platform ...
               | 
               | When a company doesn't control their software platform
               | they don't have this choice. Off-the-shelf software is
               | going to dictate this.
               | 
               | In some fantasy world where every application is web-
               | based and legacy code is all gone maybe that's a
               | possibility. I have yet to work in that environment.
               | Companies aren't maintaining the "wintel desktop" because
               | they want to.
        
               | Stranger43 wrote:
               | Blaming crowdstikes QA might feel good but the problem is
               | that no company in the history of the world have been
               | good enough at QA for it not to be reckless to allow day
               | one patching of critical systems, or for that matter to
               | allow single vendor, single design, critical systems in
               | the first place. and yet the cyber security guidelines
               | required to allow the pretense that windows can be used
               | securely all but demand that companies take that risk.
               | 
               | It's also fundamentally a problem of Danial, everyone
               | knows there will not be an good solution to any issue
               | around security and stability that does not require that
               | the assets tied up inside fragile monopoly operated
               | ecosystems to be eventually either extracted or written
               | off but nobody want to blaze new trails.
               | 
               | Claiming powerlessness is just lazy yes it might take an
               | decade to get out from under the yokel of an abusive
               | vendor, we saw this with IBM, but as IBM is now an
               | footnote in the history of computing it's pretty clear
               | that it can be done once people start realizing there is
               | an systematic problem and not just a serious of one-off
               | mistakes.
               | 
               | And we know how to design reliable systems, it's just
               | that doing so is completely incompatible with allowing
               | any of America's Big IT Vendors to remain big and
               | profitable, and thats scary to every institution involved
               | in the current market.
        
               | danans wrote:
               | > Swap Chromebooks for PCs and you still have the
               | problem-- how do you handle centralized management of
               | that "fleet"?
               | 
               | Simplicity (and hence low cost) of fleet management, OS
               | boot-verification, no third-party kernel updates, and A/B
               | partitions for OS updates are among the major selling
               | points of Chromebooks.
               | 
               | It's a big reason they have become so ubiquitous in
               | primary education, where there is such a limited budget
               | that there's no way they could hire a security engineer.
        
               | EvanAnderson wrote:
               | The OP was deriding monoculture. My point was that
               | pushing out only Chromebooks is still perpetuating a
               | monoculture. You're just shifting your risk over to
               | Google instead of Crowdstrike / Microsoft.
               | 
               | re: Chromebooks themselves - The execution is really,
               | really good. The need for legacy software compatibility
               | limits their corporate penetration. I've done enough
               | "power washes" to know that they're not foolproof,
               | though.
        
               | danans wrote:
               | I agree that monoculture is an issue that makes events
               | like this more probable, regardless of OS.
               | 
               | That said, a third party being able to add/update a
               | kernel driver ignores (even if out of business necessity)
               | best practices for OS architecture.
        
               | EvanAnderson wrote:
               | ChromeOS is just Linux, isn't it? It's going to suffer
               | from the same problem as NT re: a buggy kernel mode
               | driver tanking the entire OS.
               | 
               | Google gets a pass because their Customers are okay with
               | devices with limited general purpose ability. Google is
               | big enough that the market molds product offerings to the
               | ChromeOS limitations. I think MSFT suffers from trying to
               | please everybody whereas Google is okay with gaining
               | market share by usurping the market norms over a period
               | of years.
        
           | b3lvedere wrote:
           | Azure status/support page is amazingly amazing. Their current
           | advice regarding virtual machines with the Crowdstrike
           | problem? Keep rebooting!
           | 
           | https://azure.status.microsoft/en-us/status
        
             | DharmaPolice wrote:
             | As ridiculous as it sounds, this does work on a subset of
             | the machines affected based on my experience of the last
             | few hours. With other machines you can seemingly reboot
             | endlessly with no effect.
        
           | briandear wrote:
           | Dynamics, Teams, Exchange, Active Directory all suck. There
           | are better alternatives but CIOs are stuck in 1996. Apple
           | themselves in their corporate IT environment use none of
           | those things yet somehow are one of the biggest and most
           | profitable companies in the world. Azure is garbage compared
           | to AWS. Using Azure Blob vs S3 is a nightmare. MSSQL is
           | garbage compared to PostgreSQL. Slack is vastly better than
           | Teams in literally every aspect. I just did a project moving
           | a company from AWS to Azure and it was simply atrocious.
           | Nobody at the user level likes using MS products if they have
           | experience using non-MS products. It's like Bitbucket --
           | nobody uses that by choice.
        
           | lostlogin wrote:
           | > I really like their corporate IT products that are going to
           | push MS out as you say. I particularly love iActive
           | Directory, iExchange, iSQLserver, iDynamics ERP, iTeams.
           | 
           | You're being sarcastic, but do you like those MS products,
           | specifically Teams?
           | 
           | I genuinely believe that any business that doesn't make Teams
           | is doing the lords work.
        
             | matthewfcarlson wrote:
             | In enterprise software, you don't need to be good. Just
             | better than your competitors. I distinctly remember doing a
             | happy jig about 6 years ago when we moved from Skype for
             | Business ( _shudder_ ) to Teams. Did teams drive me nuts?
             | Absolutely. But I was free from the particular hell of SFB.
        
               | esafak wrote:
               | Teams isn't better than the competitors. SFB is MS too.
               | You went from one POS to another.
        
               | noisy_boy wrote:
               | No you just need to have a Support contract so that you
               | can blame them and/or respond to the users that you have
               | raised a ticket with the vendor.
        
             | digging wrote:
             | I'm stuck with them on my company Macbook and will
             | definitely say, they suck.
             | 
             | In the 5 years I've been here, Outlook has never addressed
             | this bug (not even sure they consider it a bug): Get an
             | invitation to an event. See it on calendar view. Respond to
             | it on calendar view. Go to inbox. Unread invitation is
             | sitting there in your inbox requesting a response.
             | 
             | I don't even need to talk about why Teams is trash.
             | Terrible design is in Teams's DNA.
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | Would you like to try new Teams?
               | 
               | It's the same, but you get to start with a nag about it
               | every time you open it.
        
             | jimnotgym wrote:
             | TBF I have less experience with Dynamics than the others,
             | but yes they are all excellent.
             | 
             | I include Teams in that. I don't think there is another app
             | on the market that does what Teams does. Integrated video
             | conferencing, messaging, and file sharing in one place. All
             | free with the office package my team already use and fully
             | integrated with Azure AD for sso. I use it all day with
             | zero problems. I honestly can't see why anyone would use
             | anything else
        
           | philistine wrote:
           | The fact Apple is not trying to be a tentacular behemoth
           | syphoning profits in every enterprise environment does not
           | invalidate the fact macOS is secure and performant.
           | 
           | Apple is a tentacular behemoth in the consumer space.
        
             | politelemon wrote:
             | Not a single statement you purport as "fact" has been true
             | cross large scale deployments in my experience. Especially
             | the first part which tells me you have not experienced
             | working with them as a supplier. I think you mean in your
             | opinion or experience, but please don't attribute wishful
             | thinking to factual statements. It derails objectivity and
             | discussions.
        
           | MetaMalone wrote:
           | lol. i'll dunk on Apple as much as i'll dunk on any other OS,
           | but they wouldn't be as praised for security if they had to
           | manage the infrastructure and users that Windows supports
        
         | Intermernet wrote:
         | Honestly, windows out of the box is pretty secure. I don't want
         | to defend Microsoft here, but adding third party security to
         | Windows hasn't been anything but regulatory compliance at best
         | and cargo culting at worst for over a decade now. If you
         | actually look at core windows exploits compared to market
         | share, they're comparable to Apple. Enterprises insist on
         | adding extra attack surface area in the name of security.
         | 
         | I agree that people who actually know what they're doing are
         | generally running Linux backends, but Microsoft have enterprise
         | sewn up, and this attack is not their fault.
        
           | patmorgan23 wrote:
           | A lot of active directory defaults are wildly insecure, even
           | on a newly built domain, and there are a lot of active
           | directory admins out there that don't know how to properly
           | delegate as permissions.
        
             | datavirtue wrote:
             | This is true. You are basically one escalation attack on
             | the CFO away from someone wiring money to hackers and a new
             | remotely embedded admin freely roaming your network.
        
         | mattmcknight wrote:
         | Apple on the desktop/laptop, Google in the cloud for email,
         | collaboration, file sharing, office suite. I ran a substantial
         | sized company this way for a decade. Then we did a merger and
         | had to migrate to Microsoft- massive step backwards,
         | quintupling of IT problems and staff.
        
         | gortok wrote:
         | downvoted, because in your response you conflate two issues:
         | 
         | 1. The problem with using Microsoft 2. The lack of
         | institutional knowledge of securing BSD and MacOS and running
         | either of those at the scale Microsoft systems are being run
         | at.
         | 
         | The vast majority of corporate computer endpoints are running
         | windows. The vast majority of corporate line-of-business
         | systems are running Windows Server (or alternatively Microsoft
         | 365).
         | 
         | That means a whole lot of people have knowledge on how to
         | administer windows machines and servers. That means the cost of
         | knowledge to adminster those systems is going down as more
         | people know how to do it.
         | 
         | Contra that with MacOS Server administration, endpoint
         | administration, or BSD Administration. Far fewer people know
         | how to do that. Far fewer examples of documentation and fixing
         | issues administrators have are on the internet, waiting to help
         | the hapless system administrator who has a problem.
         | 
         | It's not just about better vs. worse from your perspective;
         | it's about the cost of change and the cost of acquiring the
         | knowledge necessary to run these corporate systems at scale --
         | not to mention the cost of converting any applications running
         | on these Windows machines to run on BSD or MacOS -- both from
         | an endpoint perspective and a corporate IT system perspective.
         | 
         | It's really not even feasible to suggest alternatives to any of
         | the corporations using Microsoft that are impacted by this
         | outage.
         | 
         | If you want to create an alternative to Microsoft's Corporate
         | IT Administration you're gonna need to do a lot more than point
         | to MacOS or BSD being "better".
        
         | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
         | The poor quality of Windows and associated software is not the
         | problem here. The problem is that Microsoft especially, but
         | software vendors generally, encourage users to blindly accept
         | updates which they do not understand or know how to roll back.
         | And by "encourage" I mean that they've removed the "no thanks"
         | and "undo" buttons.
         | 
         | Here on Linux (NixOS), I am prompted at boot time:
         | 
         | > which system config should be used?
         | 
         | If I applied a bad update today, I can just select the config
         | that worked yesterday while I fix it. This is not a power that
         | software vendors want users to have, and thus the users are
         | powerless to fix problems of this sort that the vendors
         | introduce.
         | 
         | It's not faulty software, it's a problematic philosophy of
         | responsibility. Faulty software is the wake-up call.
        
         | glitchc wrote:
         | Windows is leagues ahead of MacOS in terms of granularity of
         | permissions and remote management tools. It's not even close.
         | That's mainly why enterprise IT prefers it to alternatives.
        
       | gchamonlive wrote:
       | I know I have the benefit of hindsight in this regard, but how
       | isn't there redundant checks and tests that would prevent a
       | mishap of this magnitude?
       | 
       | I mean, there should be extensive automated testing using many
       | different platforms and hardware combinations as a prerequisite
       | for any rollout.
       | 
       | I guess this is what we get when everything is opaque, not only
       | the product and the code, but also the processes involved in
       | maintaining and evolving the solution. They would think twice
       | about not investing heavily in testing their deployment pipelines
       | if everyone could inspect their processes.
       | 
       | It might also be the case that they indeed have a thorough
       | production and testing process deployed to support the
       | maintenance of crowdstrike solutions, but we are only left to
       | wonder and to trust whatever their PR will eventually throw at
       | us, since they are a closed company.
        
       | fnord77 wrote:
       | I take it patching remote machines is going to be difficult or
       | impossible?
       | 
       | I haven't used windows in years, but from what I read you need to
       | be in safe mode to delete a crowdstrike file in a system
       | directory, but you need some 48 char key to get into safe mode
       | now if it is locked down?
        
       | red_admiral wrote:
       | I can't wait for rachelbythebay's comments on this.
        
       | gz5 wrote:
       | Seems CS themselves may have been hacked? For example, seems
       | unlikely that both:
       | 
       | 1. CS normally pushes global updates to entire user base
       | simultaneously?
       | 
       | 2. This made it through their testing. Not only 'just' QA but
       | likely CS employees internally run a version or two ahead of
       | their customer base?
       | 
       | Just speculation - folks who know either answer can validate or
       | debunk.
        
         | mmiyer wrote:
         | (they confirmed there was no hack) I think you have too much
         | faith in minimal software development practices being applied
         | at companies.
        
       | Kye wrote:
       | Crowdstrike seems like the kind of thing that's sold to CEOs at
       | conferences, forced on IT against objections, and the subject of
       | a lot of discussion at Defcon.
        
       | EvanAnderson wrote:
       | I wonder what Crowdstrike's opsec is like re: malicious actors
       | gaining control of their automated update servers. This incident
       | certainly highlights the power of that type of attack, even if
       | this one just ends up being typical human incompetence-based.
        
       | luismedel wrote:
       | Probably a stupid question but, how can the Windows kernel
       | recover so well after a graphics driver crash and at the same
       | time being unable to do the same for other kind of drivers.
        
       | red_admiral wrote:
       | From reddit:
       | 
       | > I'm in Australia. All our banks are down and all supermarkets
       | as well so even if you have cash you can't buy anything.
       | 
       | I hope the national security/defense people are looking at this
       | closely. Because you can bet the bad guys are. What's the saying,
       | civilisation is only ever three days away from collapse or
       | something?
       | 
       | I am pretty convinced this is a fuckup not an attack, but if Iran
       | or someone managed something like this, there would be hell to
       | pay.
        
         | misswaterfairy wrote:
         | You can bet a substantial amount of money on CloudStrike
         | inadvertently painting a huuuuge hacker target on their back
         | over this...
        
       | jimberlage wrote:
       | For $150/hour, I will spend today consulting for businesses who
       | need someone in the St Louis area to go reboot a remote workers'
       | machine.
        
       | lencastre wrote:
       | Lots of issues in Spain and Germany.
        
       | anchochilis wrote:
       | We routinely implement phased / canary deployments in server-side
       | systems to prevent faults from rolling out globally. How is it
       | possible that CrowdStrike and/or Windows does not have a similar
       | system built in for large, institutional customers? This is
       | outrageous.
        
       | Tylast wrote:
       | Oh, the foresight of the 1st episode of Connections.
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XetplHcM7aQ
        
       | pelasaco wrote:
       | If i was North Korea, I would say that was me. That would be
       | however a crazy story if Russia and China had done anything about
       | it.
        
       | whoknowsidont wrote:
       | Somewhere out there, there is an engineer with the biggest "I
       | told you so" shit eating grin scrolling through every social
       | media site and basking in the glory.
        
       | gquere wrote:
       | There's supposedly a fix being deployed
       | (https://x.com/George_Kurtz/status/1814235001745027317). Since
       | it's a channel update I'm assuming that it would be downloaded
       | automatically? Has anyone received it yet? Does the garbage
       | driver disappear or is it replaced?
       | 
       | Edit: got in touch with an admin:
       | 
       | C-00000291-00000000-00000029.sys SHA256 1A30..4B60 is the bad
       | file (timestamp 0409 UTC)
       | 
       | C-00000291-00000000-00000030.sys SHA256 E693..6FAE is the fix
       | (timestamp >= 0527 UTC)
       | 
       | Do not rely on the hashes too much as these might vary from org
       | to org I've read.
        
       | cryptica wrote:
       | I've been warning about the coming software apocalypse for years.
       | This isn't a one-off, this is the beginning of a pattern. Tech
       | recruitment is broken, software is more complex than ever, more
       | and more people are turning to hacking, people are growing
       | increasingly dissatisfied with the status quo...
        
       | cryptica wrote:
       | This is what happens when you entrust software security to ex-
       | hackers. Hackers love complexity because that's the kind of
       | environment they thrive in; yet when they start working for the
       | other side as security consultants, they still love complexity.
       | Complexity ought to be the security consultant's worst enemy.
       | 
       | Ex-hackers often talk about security as if it's something you
       | need to add to your systems... Security is achieved through good
       | software development practices and it's about minimalism. You
       | can't take intrinsically crappy, over-engineered, complex
       | software and make it more secure by adding layers upon layer of
       | complex security software on top.
        
       | lobochrome wrote:
       | This is how I would start a war... surreal.
       | 
       | I hope it's just a bug.
        
       | Melatonic wrote:
       | Good luck everyone. I just spent all night fixing my shit and we
       | caught it early
        
       | lifeisstillgood wrote:
       | What do we do _next week_?
       | 
       | So assuming everyone uses sneaker-net to restart what's looking
       | like millions of windows boxes, there comes recriminations but
       | then ... what?
       | 
       | I think we need to look at minimum viable PC - certain things are
       | protected more than others. Phones are a surprisingly good
       | example - there is a core set of APIs and no fucker is ever
       | allowed to do anything except through those. No matter how
       | painful. At some point MSFT is going to enforce this the way
       | Apple does. The EU court cases be damned.
       | 
       | For most tasks for most things it's hard to suggest that an OS
       | and a webbrowser are not the maximum needed.
       | 
       | We have been saying it for years - what I think we need is a
       | manifesto for much smaller usable surface areas
        
         | andrewia wrote:
         | Isn't that basically the point of WinRT and Windows 10 S Mode?
         | The problem is getting developers to adopt the new more secure
         | APIs.
        
         | 999900000999 wrote:
         | In this case even dockerized environments would allow you to
         | redeploy with ease.
         | 
         | But that's too much work, many of these systems are running
         | docker resistant software. Management doesn't want to invest in
         | modernization - it works this quarter, it's someone else's
         | problem next quarterly.
         | 
         | You're basically proposing Windows 12 to radically limit what
         | software and drivers can do. Even then eventually someone will
         | probably still break it with weird code.
         | 
         | I'm actually amazed these updates are being tested in prod. Do
         | they have no QA environments ?
         | 
         | Do I personally need to create a startup company called
         | Paranoia... We actually run a clone of your prod environment
         | minus any sensitive data, then we install all the weird and
         | strange updates before they hit your production servers...
         | 
         | As an upsell we'll test out privileges, to take sure your
         | junior engineers can't break prod.
         | 
         | Someone raise a seed round, I'm down to get started this week.
        
           | quasse wrote:
           | > In this case even dockerized environments would allow you
           | to redeploy with ease.
           | 
           | Not if the CIO mandated that your bare-metal OS hosting
           | Docker has to run a rootkit developed by bozos.
        
         | lifeisstillgood wrote:
         | I think this is existential for Windows, and by extension MSFT.
         | Something like 95% of corporate IT activity is either over http
         | (ie every saas and web app) or is over the serial port
         | (controlling that HVAC, that window blind, that garage lifter)
         | 
         | So what we need in 95% of boxes is not a fully capable PC - we
         | need a really locked down OS. Or rather we can get by with a
         | locked down OS.
         | 
         | I would put good money on there already being a tiny OS from
         | the ground up in MSFT that could be relabelled windows-locked-
         | Down(13) and sold exclusively to large corporates (and maybe
         | small ones who sign a special piece of marketing paper)
         | 
         | The thing is once you do that you are breaking the idea that
         | windows can run everywhere (or rather we claim Linux runs
         | everywhere but the thing that's on my default unbuntu install
         | and the thing on my router are different
        
       | harimau777 wrote:
       | It seems like this would indirectly tell us what systems use
       | Cloudstrike. Could that in of itself be information that could
       | help an attacker? I know the security team at work is adamant
       | about not leaking details of our system.
        
       | smithington wrote:
       | There's already somebody trying to cash in on this problem:
       | 
       | https://fix-crowdstrike-apocalypse.com
        
       | steveBK123 wrote:
       | Wild that a piece of software so integral to basic function has
       | such bad release discipline. A/B, Blue/Green, Canary, Rolling,
       | etc..
       | 
       | I've worked on 4 person software teams that at least followed
       | basic user group rolling release system.
        
         | guax wrote:
         | Integral? I would argue that is wild that a piece of software
         | so useless for the basic and correct function gets so much
         | privilege.
        
           | steveBK123 wrote:
           | Well I mean integral here in that your PC can't boot and do
           | anything useful if the software breaks.
           | 
           | It's not some solitaire app or saas website.
           | 
           | Completely nuked 1000s of companies ability to operate for a
           | day, and the thing is auto-updating with apparently global
           | big bang release push method..
        
       | JackC wrote:
       | Crowdstrike did this to our production linux fleet back on April
       | 19th, and I've been dying to rant about it.
       | 
       | The short version was: we're a civic tech lab, so we have a bunch
       | of different production websites made at different times on
       | different infrastructure. We run Crowdstrike provided by our
       | enterprise. Crowdstrike pushed an update on a Friday evening that
       | was incompatible with up-to-date Debian stable. So we patched
       | Debian as usual, everything was fine for a week, and then all of
       | our servers across multiple websites and cloud hosts
       | simultaneously hard crashed and refused to boot.
       | 
       | When we connected one of the disks to a new machine and checked
       | the logs, Crowdstrike looked like a culprit, so we manually
       | deleted it, the machine booted, tried reinstalling it and the
       | machine immediately crashes again. OK, let's file a support
       | ticket and get an engineer on the line.
       | 
       | Crowdstrike took a day to respond, and then asked for a bunch
       | more proof (beyond the above) that it was their fault. They
       | acknowledged the bug a day later, and weeks later had a root
       | cause analysis that they didn't cover our scenario (Debian stable
       | running version n-1, I think, which is a supported configuration)
       | in their test matrix. In our own post mortem there was no real
       | ability to prevent the same thing from happening again -- "we
       | push software to your machines any time we want, whether or not
       | it's urgent, without testing it" seems to be core to the model,
       | particularly if you're a small IT part of a large enterprise.
       | What they're selling to the enterprise is exactly that they'll do
       | that.
        
         | kachapopopow wrote:
         | This is gold. My friend and me were joking around that they
         | probably did this to macos and linux before, but nobody gave a
         | shit since it's... macos and linux.
         | 
         | (re: people blaming it on windows and macos/linux people being
         | happy they have macos/linux)
        
           | zarzavat wrote:
           | I don't think people are saying that causing a boot loop is
           | impossible on Linux, anyone who knows anything about the
           | Linux kernel knows that it's very possible.
           | 
           | Rather it's that on Linux using such an invasive antiviral
           | technique in Ring 0 is not necessary.
           | 
           | On Mac I'm fairly sure it is impossible for a third party to
           | cause such a boot loop due to SIP and the deprecation of
           | kexts.
        
             | nicce wrote:
             | I believe Apple prevented this also for this exact reason.
             | Third-parties cannot compromise the stability of the core
             | system, since extensions can run only in user-space.
        
               | vbezhenar wrote:
               | I might be wrong about it, but I feel that malware with
               | root access can wreak quite a havoc. Imagine that this
               | malware decides to forbid launch of every executable and
               | every network connection, because their junior developer
               | messed up with `==` and `===`. It won't cause kernel
               | crash, but probably will render the system equally
               | unusable.
        
               | neffy wrote:
               | Root access is a separate issue, but user space access to
               | sys level functions is something Apple has been slowly
               | (or quickly on the IOS platform, where they are trying to
               | stop apps snooping on each other) clamping down on for
               | years.
        
               | Retr0id wrote:
               | On both macOS and Linux, there's an increasingly limited
               | set of things you can do from root. (but yeah, malware
               | with root is definitely bad, and the root->kernel attack
               | surface is large)
        
               | zarzavat wrote:
               | Malware can do tons of damage even with only regular user
               | access, e.g. ransomware. That's a different problem from
               | preventing legitimate software from causing damage
               | accidentally.
               | 
               | To completely neuter malware you need sandboxing, but
               | this tends to annoy users because it prevents too much
               | legitimate software. You can set up Mac OS to only run
               | sandboxed software, but nobody does because it's a
               | terrible experience. Better to buy an iPad.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | It depends on your setup. If you actually put in the
               | effort to get apparmor or selinux set up, then root is
               | meaningless. There have been so many privilege escalation
               | exploits that simply got blocked by selinux that you
               | should worry more about setting selinux up than some
               | hypothetical exploit.
        
             | bonzini wrote:
             | It's not unnecessary, it's harder (no stable kernel ABI,
             | and servers won't touch DKMS with a ten foot pole).
             | 
             | On the other hand you might say that lack of stable kernel
             | ABI is what begot ebpf, and that Microsoft is paying for
             | the legacy of allowing whatever (from random drivers to
             | font rendering) to run in kernel mode.
        
           | jimbobjim wrote:
           | I've had an issue with it before in my work MacBook. It would
           | just keep causing the system to hang, making the computer
           | unusable. Had to get IT to remove it.
        
           | WatchDog wrote:
           | I've had sporadic kernel panics with the macos version.
        
         | Kye wrote:
         | I wonder if the changes they put in behind the scenes for your
         | incident on Linux saved Linux systems in this situation and no
         | one thought to see if Windows was also at risk.
        
         | HTG43 wrote:
         | Interesting that they push updates on a Friday when support
         | profile will be way different across companies and
         | organizations during that time.
        
           | joezydeco wrote:
           | It makes you wonder if there was some critical vulnerability
           | that forced them to deploy to everyone simultaneously at an
           | awkward time.
        
             | philipwhiuk wrote:
             | AI probably thought there was a critical vuln.
        
               | theGnuMe wrote:
               | CrowdStrike is the critical vulnerability.
        
         | JackC wrote:
         | Oh, if you are also running Crowdstrike on linux, here are some
         | things we identified that you _can_ do:
         | 
         | - Make sure you're running in user mode (eBPF) instead of
         | kernel mode (kernel module), since it has less ability to crash
         | the kernel. This became the default in the latest versions and
         | they say it now offers equivalent protection.
         | 
         | - If your enterprise allows, you can have a test fleet running
         | version n and the main fleet run n-1.
         | 
         | - Make sure you know in advance who to cc on a support ticket
         | so Crowdstrike pays attention.
         | 
         | I know some of this sounds obvious, but it's easy to screw up
         | organizationally when EDR software is used by centralized CISOs
         | to try to manage distributed enterprise risk -- like, how do
         | you detect intrusions early in a big organization with lots of
         | people running servers for lots of reasons? There's real
         | reasons Crowdstrike is appealing in that situation. But if
         | you're the sysadmin getting "make sure to run this thing on
         | your 10 boxes out of our 10,000" or whatever, then you're the
         | one who cares about uptime and you need to advocate a bit.
        
           | guax wrote:
           | Im suspicious that turning it off entirely would also provide
           | equivalent protection as kernel and user space mode. If not
           | more more.
        
           | umanwizard wrote:
           | Just a nit, I don't think it's correct to call eBPF "user
           | mode". It's just a different, much more sandboxed, way of
           | running kernel-mode code.
        
             | anotherhue wrote:
             | We could call it, I don't know, "Protected Mode"?
        
               | Kye wrote:
               | It'll never catch on.
        
               | anankaie wrote:
               | Hear me out here: Maybe if we split the address space
               | into various use-specific segments...
        
               | amlib wrote:
               | Call it Ring 0, 1, 2... for good measure
        
               | jowea wrote:
               | Is this a good moment to relitigate the Tanenbaum-
               | Torvalds debate?
        
             | yencabulator wrote:
             | If you can crash Linux with an eBPF program, many more
             | asses will have fires lit under them than just this one
             | vendor.
        
               | senectus1 wrote:
               | heh.. Linus would have a fit :-D
        
             | boudin wrote:
             | It's what crowdstrike call it. To run falcon sensor as
             | ebpf, you need to set it up as "user mode" which, I agree
             | with you, is poorly named.
        
             | ghostpepper wrote:
             | I would wager that even most software developers who
             | understand the difference between kernel and user mode
             | aren't going to be aware there is a "third" address space,
             | which is essentially a highly-restricted and verified byte
             | code virtual machine that runs with limited read-only
             | access to kernel memory
        
               | umanwizard wrote:
               | Not that it changes your point, and I could be wrong, but
               | I'm pretty sure eBPF bytecode is typically compiled to
               | native code by the kernel and runs in kernel mode with
               | full privileges. Its safety properties entirely depend on
               | the verifier not having bugs.
        
               | ghostpepper wrote:
               | all code is native code eventually (although there are
               | experimental cpus that can execute java byte code
               | directly eg.
               | [0]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_processor )
        
               | umanwizard wrote:
               | No, lots of VMs don't have any JIT and just interpret
               | bytecode with a loop around a big switch statement (e.g.
               | Python before 3.13).
        
               | parl_match wrote:
               | fwiw there's like a billion devices out there with cpus
               | that can run java byte code directly - it's hardly
               | experimental. for example, Jazelle for ARM was very
               | widely deployed
        
               | ChainOfFools wrote:
               | Listed in that wiki, along with the much older Picojava
        
           | MrDrMcCoy wrote:
           | Depending on what kernel I'm running, CrowdStrike Falcon's
           | eBPF will fail to compile and execute, then fail to fall back
           | to their janky kernel driver, then inform IT that I'm out of
           | compliance. Even LTS kernels in their support matrix
           | sometimes do this to me. I'm thoroughly unimpressed with
           | their code quality.
        
           | 1oooqooq wrote:
           | do you work for them? if not what took you to do free tech
           | support? ... honestly this looks a little insane
        
             | alwa wrote:
             | JackC mentioned in the parent comment that they work for a
             | civic tech lab, and their profile suggests they're
             | affiliated with a high-profile academic institution. It's
             | not my place to link directly, but a quick Google suggests
             | they do some very cool, very pro-social work, the kind of
             | largely thankless work that people don't get into for the
             | money.
             | 
             | Perhaps such organizations attract civic-minded people who,
             | after struggling to figure out how to make the product work
             | in their own ecosystem, generously offer high-level advice
             | to their peers who might be similarly struggling.
             | 
             | It feels a little mean-spirited to characterize that well-
             | meaning act of offering advice as "insane."
        
         | MetaWhirledPeas wrote:
         | > we push software to your machines any time we want, whether
         | or not it's urgent, without testing it
         | 
         | Do they allow you to control updates? It sounds like what you
         | want is for a small subset of your machines using the latest,
         | while the rest wait for stability to be proven.
        
           | bink wrote:
           | This is what happened to us. We had a small fraction of the
           | fleet upgraded at the same time and they all crashed. We
           | found the cause and set a flag to not install CS on servers
           | with the latest kernel version until they fixed it.
        
         | not_wyoming wrote:
         | > we're a civic tech lab
         | 
         | Obviously not the point of your post, but say more? This sounds
         | like it could be pretty cool!
        
         | philipwhiuk wrote:
         | You should send this to every tech reporter you like.
        
         | Nemo_bis wrote:
         | Interesting. How was the faulty upgrade distributed? Not from
         | Debian archives I assume.
        
           | MrDrMcCoy wrote:
           | CrowdStrike Falcon may ship as a native package, but after
           | that it completely self-updates to whatever they think you
           | should be running. Often, I have to ask IT to ask CS to
           | revert my version because the "current" one doesn't work on
           | my up-to-date kernel/glibc/etc. The quality of code that they
           | ship is pretty appalling.
        
             | Nemo_bis wrote:
             | Thanks for confirming. Is there any valid reason these
             | updates couldn't be distributed through proper package
             | repositories, ideally open repositories (especially data
             | files which can't be copyrightable anyway)?
             | 
             | How does Wazuh do it, for example in the [AUR packaged
             | version](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/wazuh-agent)?
        
               | guipsp wrote:
               | Being able to update on a whim is a feature, not a bug,
               | of CrowdStrike (according to them, you may disagree).
        
         | OskarS wrote:
         | Please tell me you've ended the contract with CrowdStrike after
         | this?
        
         | hughesjj wrote:
         | > we push software to your machines any time we want, whether
         | or not it's urgent, without testing it
         | 
         | ... Just, no... HOW does a vendor get away with that? No
         | rolling releases allowed? No hostclasses or placement groups?
         | No local cache or proxy?
         | 
         | The more I've learned over the past day or so, the more
         | crowdstrike keeps edging towards the malware side of the
         | malware/anti-malware spectrum for me
        
           | oklischat wrote:
           | Every real malware programmer would be damn proud of this
           | blast radius.
        
       | tedajax wrote:
       | The first time I experienced crowdstrike in a corporate
       | environment it seemed obvious that something like this would
       | eventually happen.
        
       | ezoe wrote:
       | Those EDR software is implemented as a kernel driver.
       | 
       | A third party closed source Windows kernel driver that can't be
       | audited. It gathers massive amount of activities and send back to
       | the central server(which can be sold) as well as execute
       | arbitrary payload from the central server.
       | 
       | It became single point of failure to your whole system.
       | 
       | If an attacker gain control of the sysadmin PC, it's over.
       | 
       | If an attacker gain administrator privilege on EDR-installed
       | system, it run the same privilege with EDR so attacker can hide
       | their activities from EDR. There aren't many EDR products in the
       | world it can be done.
       | 
       | I'd like to call it "full trust security model".
        
       | ngneer wrote:
       | Security technology harming security? Shocker. We need less
       | monoculture. Trouble is monoculture pays. Write the software
       | once, deploy it everywhere - free money.
       | 
       | I manage a simple Tier-4 cloud application on Azure, involving
       | both Windows and Linux machines. Crowdstrike, OMI, McAfee and
       | endpoint protection in general has been the biggest thorn in my
       | side.
        
       | snailb wrote:
       | On a positive note, I'm in morocco and getting money from ATM
       | wasn't working for the whole day I believe because of this
       | outage. I was at the till in a supermarket and people started
       | asking if they can chip in to pay for some food I bought because
       | I didn't have the cash.
       | 
       | Humanity 1 - Technology 0
       | 
       | Edit: Outage of all ATM's in Morocco was yesterday not today. so
       | not sure how the two are related.
        
       | hughw wrote:
       | So, why did our little company's (little used) two Windows
       | machines not BSOD overnight? They were just sitting idle. They
       | run CS Falcon sensor. Did the update force a restart? Didn't seem
       | to happen here.
        
         | Kye wrote:
         | It looks like a configuration file update is the culprit. The
         | software presumably picks up the update, then BSODs.
        
       | egberts1 wrote:
       | I am quite sure that they have had three precious timezone hours
       | to detect a total failure of telemetry after their fateful
       | midnight upgrade.
       | 
       | Like the most useful Canary Island in the Coal Mine.
        
       | KingOfCoders wrote:
       | 2024 years after 2k we have 2k.
        
       | Kye wrote:
       | Maybe a silly question, but: why hasn't this affected Linux? I
       | assume it uses a proprietary kernel module just like it does on
       | Windows. I guess this will come out in a post-mortem if they
       | publish one, but it's been on my mind.
       | 
       | edit: aha https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41005936
       | 
       | They did do this to Linux, but in the past. Maybe whatever they
       | did to deal with it saved Linux this time around
        
       | ngneer wrote:
       | "There are two ways of constructing a software design: One way is
       | to make it so simple that there are obviously no deficiencies,
       | and the other way is to make it so complicated that there are no
       | obvious deficiencies. The first method is far more difficult. It
       | demands the same skill, devotion, insight, and even inspiration
       | as the discovery of the simple physical laws which underlie the
       | complex phenomena of nature."
       | 
       | "The most important property of a program is whether it
       | accomplishes the intention of its user."
       | 
       | C.A.R. Hoare
        
         | uticus wrote:
         | Agreed but have you been in the industry lately? Nobody hires
         | assembly programmers anymore. Want money you must work at
         | wobbly top of abstraction mountain.
        
           | ngneer wrote:
           | I am well aware, but the quotes are timeless for a reason.
           | Not to be cheeky, but "Want money" is exactly how you get to
           | the many routinely broken endpoint solutions that wind up
           | reducing reliability and at times increasing the attack
           | surface. Wherever you are in the stack, please make it more
           | robust and easier to reason about. No matter how far from the
           | assembly.
        
           | thih9 wrote:
           | It's not just about the tech abstraction mountain, it's about
           | the app logic and dev process too.
           | 
           | A react native JS app with a clear spec and a solid release
           | process can be more reliable than bloated software that
           | receives an untested hotfix, even if the latter was
           | handwritten in assembly.
        
       | sans_souse wrote:
       | Why would you name your company "CrowdStrike" anyway? What does
       | Crowd Strike even mean?
        
       | josephd79 wrote:
       | Year of Linux
        
       | markus_zhang wrote:
       | In pre-market, CRWD is 14% down. I think investors are a bit
       | scared that _THIS_ time there is going to be some consequences.
        
         | rjmunro wrote:
         | I'm amazed it's just 14%, not more like 75%-80%. Surely a lot
         | of customers are going to uninstall and move to competitors.
         | The remainders are at least going to demand much cheaper
         | service with better guarantees going forward.
        
           | markus_zhang wrote:
           | Yeah, and now recovered to -9.39%. Let's see what happens. I
           | guess CrowdStrike is backed by enough powerful people to NOT
           | lose too much business.
        
       | ddgflorida wrote:
       | Do you suppose they test before pushing updates out?
        
       | thomasjudge wrote:
       | Why are "security" patches not tested before they are deployed?
        
       | egberts1 wrote:
       | Yet Lennart Pottering and Redhat (spelled that way as I am one of
       | the original pre-IPO investor of RedHat via Alex Brown/Deutsche
       | Bank) wants to put networking of Linux into UEFI this quarter,
       | inside the most sacrosanct PID 1.
       | 
       | They still won't learning anything from Crowdstrike's mistakeS!
       | 
       | Maybe it is time for me to ditch that stock.
        
         | btreecat wrote:
         | Source of claim?
        
           | egberts1 wrote:
           | The part about UEFI?
           | 
           | https://www.redhat.com/sysadmin/bios-uefi
        
           | egberts1 wrote:
           | Network sockets are in the systemd code repository.
        
       | integricho wrote:
       | Ironic that the software intended to prevent exactly these kinds
       | of outages ends up causing it.
        
       | integricho wrote:
       | This should at the very least put them out of business by causing
       | each and every client to abandon them as their security solution.
        
       | sytelus wrote:
       | Genuine question: How the heck crapeware like CloudStrike got
       | into all critical systems from 911 to hospitals to airlines? My
       | understanding was that all these critical systems are just super
       | lazy to upgrade or install anything at all. I would love to know
       | all the sales tactics CS used to get into millions of systems for
       | money!
        
         | ncr100 wrote:
         | Reading other comments here, sorry I don't have the link, one
         | crowd strike salesperson threatened to cancel them as a Client,
         | yes you read that right, if the client wasn't easier to work
         | with. So they're bullies or at least that one salesperson in
         | crowd strike is a bully.
         | 
         | Another article talked about crowd strike being required for
         | compliance, people here talking about checkbox compliance. So
         | there's a systemic requirement from perhaps insurers for there
         | to be some kind of comprehensive near real-time updated
         | antivirus solution.
         | 
         | Furthermore, the haste makes waste philosophy seems to not be
         | honored, in my opining mind, by the minds who drive The
         | impacted sectors of our economy. Hospitals, Banks, airlines.
         | This kind of vulnerability should not have been accepted. It's
         | a single point of failure. Even on crowdstrike's website they
         | have this kind of like radar ring hotspot Target kind of
         | graphic, where they show at the very center one single client
         | app .. theirs, as if that one single client is the thing that's
         | going to save us?
        
           | sytelus wrote:
           | This is amazing sales tactics! So, you buddy up with
           | insurance, they create a checkbox and recommend you for a
           | revenue cut! Now you suddenly have millions of customers out
           | of nowhere and your product gets installed on billions
           | computers before you even know it. I have seen this tactic
           | get used for many mediocre products. For example, 3rd party
           | dishwasher soap recommended by dishwasher company. Amazingly
           | powerful. I don't think most of CrowdStrike employees even
           | knew they were in more than billion computers with paid
           | service. The CEO was just busy doing brutal marketing of this
           | pointless product.
        
       | convivialdingo wrote:
       | Here's my take as a security software dev for 15 years.
       | 
       | We put too much code in kernel simply because it's considered
       | more elite than other software. It's just dumb.
       | 
       | Also - if a driver is causing a crash MSFT should boot from the
       | last known-good driver set so the install can be backed out
       | later. Reboot loops are still the standard failure mode in driver
       | development...
        
         | erichocean wrote:
         | Not possible in this situation, the "driver" is fine, it's a
         | file the driver loads during startup that is bad, causing the
         | otherwise "good" driver to crash.
         | 
         | Going back to an earlier version--since the driver is "good--
         | would just re-load the same driver, loading the updated file,
         | and then crashing again.
        
           | convivialdingo wrote:
           | A driver that crashes with bad input is not "fine." Bad
           | design, bad configuration loading and crap input validation.
           | Did they even fuzz the code?
           | 
           | We'd spend 20x development time on kernel code because BSOD
           | is never an option.
           | 
           | I get that this was a bad release - but IMHO it's incredible
           | that they pushed this out to a billion devices before the red
           | flags went up.
        
       | amai wrote:
       | It seems monocultures are not only bad for resilience in
       | agriculture, but also in IT.
        
       | jacobgorm wrote:
       | The great clownstrike.
        
       | whoisstan wrote:
       | Can someone with experience explain how integration tests did not
       | detect that?
        
         | guax wrote:
         | Why are you assuming there were tests?
        
           | whoisstan wrote:
           | Right.
           | 
           | I just can't imagine how it passed tests for a common
           | configuration that is exhibited by large number of windows
           | machines. Stuff always can go wrong, but OS is not booting
           | should be caught?
        
       | amai wrote:
       | Did Crowdstrike forget the rule, that one does not simply deploy
       | on Friday?
       | 
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/ProgrammerHumor/comments/f79iag/don...
        
       | dev1ycan wrote:
       | Crazy isn't it, I had no issues because my group policy updates
       | have been off since last year, guess the "everyone must
       | forcefully update" for "security reasons" ended up backfiring,
       | who could've thought
        
       | daemonologist wrote:
       | My company has some bios bitlocker extension installed which
       | prompts for a password on boot, so automatic updates (one of
       | which tried to install last night) just get stuck there in jet
       | engine mode. Normally this is extremely annoying but today I
       | count myself lucky - aside from a couple of people with
       | Chromebook thin clients I am the only person showing as online in
       | Teams right now.
        
       | kaladin-jasnah wrote:
       | Anecdote: my first job was IT at a small org. We had somehow
       | gotten a 15 minute remote meeting with Kevin Mitnick, and asked
       | him several questions about security best practices and software
       | recommendations. I don't remember a lot about that meeting, but I
       | do remember his strong recommendation of Crowdstrike. Interesting
       | to see it brought up again in this context.
        
       | farceSpherule wrote:
       | I absolutely abhor these end point solutions that "auto update
       | for your convenience and safety."
       | 
       | I can control and manage my own systems. I do not need nanny
       | state auto updating for me.
       | 
       | Crowdstrike should be held liable for financial losses associated
       | with this nonsense.
        
       | axelthegerman wrote:
       | Looks like crowdstrike are just delivering what their name
       | promised, striking crowds around the world
        
       | aktuel wrote:
       | Germany is not affected since it's Krautstrike only.
        
       | GrumpyNl wrote:
       | Ho do they test this before they roll it out? Looks like a bug
       | thats easy to spot. I would presume they test it at several
       | configurations and when it passes the test ( a reboot), they roll
       | it out. Has this been tested?
        
       | xyst wrote:
       | CRWD dropped $50/share at market open. Wild.
       | 
       | Is this specific to only Windows machines "protected" with CS or
       | is this impacting Linux/macOS as well?
        
       | remram wrote:
       | I can't wait to see the CloudFlare traffic report after this. All
       | those computers going down must have affected traffic worldwide.
       | Even from Linux systems as their owners couldn't run jobs from
       | their bricked Windows laptops.
        
         | aeyes wrote:
         | It looks quite normal so far:
         | https://radar.cloudflare.com/traffic
         | 
         | DE-CIX traffic is also often a good indicator during global
         | events, looks normal: https://www.de-
         | cix.net/en/locations/frankfurt/statistics
        
           | remram wrote:
           | Interesting! Thanks for that. I guess most servers and
           | consumer endpoints are fine, and those are driving all the
           | traffic.
        
       | Geezus_42 wrote:
       | "Incidents of this nature do occur in a connected world that is
       | reliant on technology." - Mike Maddison, CEO, NCC Group
       | 
       | Until I see an explanation of how this got past testing, I will
       | assume negligence. I wasn't directly affected, but it seems every
       | single Windows machine running their software in my org was
       | affected. With a hit rate that high I struggle to believe any
       | testing was done.
        
       | zzhelezc wrote:
       | From the BBC's cyber correspondent Joe Tidy [1]:
       | 
       | > A "content update" is how it was described. So, it wasn't a
       | major refresh of the cyber security software. It could have been
       | something as innocuous as the changing of a font or logo on the
       | software design.
       | 
       | He can't be serious, right? Right?
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/cnk4jdwp49et?post=asset%3Abd...
        
       | Beijinger wrote:
       | Speaking of security. I got an email yesterday that I need a
       | different system now to log into my social security account. This
       | one:
       | 
       | https://www.id.me/government
       | 
       | It is for social security, taxes, unemployment benefits,
       | whatever. And running under a foreign TLD, .ME for Montenegro. I
       | am not a security specialist. But I think this is asking for
       | trouble.
       | 
       | By the way, do you remember when fuck.yu became fuck.me ?
        
       | rajeshivivek wrote:
       | DO NOT REDEEM SAARRRRRRRRSSSSS! BLODDY BASTARDS INVALID FORMATING
       | SARRRRRRSSSSS!!
        
       | stevetron wrote:
       | Working late Thursday night in Florida, USA. I have someone in
       | Australia wanting me to write a quick script in LSL for an object
       | in Second Life. We were interrupted: Second Life kept running,
       | but Discord went down, telling me to 'try another server' which
       | doesn't make sence when you are 1-on-1 with someone. All my
       | typing in Discord turned red. Additionally, I couldn't log into
       | the email portal for outlook.com: I got a screen of tiny-fonted
       | text all clinging to the left edge of the display, unreadable,
       | unusable. Second Life, though, stayed online and kept working for
       | me, but then I'm on Windows 7. My friend who had requested the
       | collaboration froze in Second Life on his Windows 10 system, and
       | I don't know what his Discord was doing. I ended the session
       | since I couldn't get a no/no-go out of him for the latest script
       | version.
        
         | _def wrote:
         | Wow I didn't know second life was still a thing. Literally
         | yesterday I looked at a 20 year old archived version of a
         | freeware portal which also listed a version of second life.
        
       | dboreham wrote:
       | Looks like it affected the Crowdstrike stock, but not Microsoft.
        
       | upofadown wrote:
       | Perhaps a dumb question for someone who actually knows how
       | Microsoft stuff works...
       | 
       | Why would an anti-malware program be allowed to install a driver
       | automatically ... or ever for that matter?
       | 
       | Added: OK, from another post I now know Crowdstrike has some sort
       | of kernel mode that allows this sort of catastrophe on Linux. So
       | I guess there is a bigger question here...
        
         | atoav wrote:
         | Maybe I am in the minority, but it always puzzled me that
         | anybody in IT would think a mega-priviledged piece of software
         | that looks into all files was a good idea.
         | 
         | If there is any place that historically was exploited more than
         | all other things it was broken parsers. Congratulations if such
         | an exploited file is now read by your AV-software it now sits
         | now at a position where it is allowed (expected) to read all
         | files and it would not surprise me if it could write them as
         | well.
         | 
         | And you just doubled the number of places in which things can
         | go wrong. Your system/software that reads a PNG image might do
         | everything right, but do you know how well your AV-software
         | parses PNGs?
         | 
         | This is just an example, but the question we really should ask
         | ourselves is: why do we have systems where we expect malicous
         | files to just show up in random places? The problem with IT
         | security is not that people don't use AV software, it is that
         | they run systems that are so broken by design that they are
         | sprinkled on top.
         | 
         | This is like installing a sprinkler system in a house full of
         | gasoline. Imagine gasoline everywhere including in some of the
         | water piping -- in the best case your sprinkler system reacts
         | in time and kills the fire, in the worst case it sprays a
         | combustive mix into it.
         | 
         | The solution is of course not to build houses filled with
         | gasoline. Meanwhile AV-world wants to sell you ever more
         | elaborate, AI-driven sprinkler systems. They are not the ones
         | profiting from secure systems, just saying..
        
           | Sohcahtoa82 wrote:
           | > but it always puzzled me that anybody in IT would think a
           | mega-priviledged piece of software that looks into all files
           | was a good idea.
           | 
           | Because otherwise, a piece of malware that installs itself at
           | a "mega-privileged" level can easily make itself completely
           | invisible to a scanner running as a low-priv user.
           | 
           | Heck, just placing itself in /root and hooking a few system
           | calls would likely be enough to prevent a low-priv process
           | from seeing it.
        
             | terribleperson wrote:
             | You're ignoring the parent's question of "why do we have
             | systems where we expect malicous files to just show up in
             | random places?", which I think is a good question. If a
             | system is truly critical, you don't secure it by adding
             | antivirus. You secure it by restricting access to it, and
             | restricting what all software on the machine can do, such
             | that it's difficult to attack in the first place. If your
             | critical machines are immune to commodity malware, now you
             | only have to worry about high-effort targeted attacks.
        
               | atoav wrote:
               | My point exactly. Antivirus is a cheap on top measure
               | thst makes people _feel_ they have done something, the
               | actual safety of a system comes from preventing people
               | and software from doing things they shouldn 't do.
        
             | atoav wrote:
             | Why would you design a system where a piece of malware can
             | "install itself" at a mega-priviledged position?
             | 
             | My argument was that this is the flaw, and everything else
             | is just trying to put lipstick on a pig.
             | 
             | If you have a nightclub and you have problem controlling
             | which people get in, the first idea would be to not have a
             | thousand unguarded doors and to then recruit people that
             | search the inside of your nightclub for people they _think_
             | didn 't pay.
             | 
             | You probably would think about reducing the numbers of
             | doors and adding effective mechanisms to them that help you
             | with your goals.
             | 
             | I am not saying we don't need software that checks files at
             | the door, I say we need to reduce the number of doors
             | leading directly to the nightclubs cash reserve.
        
           | hnthrowaway0328 wrote:
           | I wonder why and how does security software read a PNG file.
           | Sure it's not tough to parse a PNG file, but what does it
           | look for exactly?
        
             | Sohcahtoa82 wrote:
             | Some file formats allow data to be appended or even
             | prepended to the expected file data and will just ignore
             | the extra data. This has been used to create executables
             | that happen to also be a valid image file.
             | 
             | I don't know about PNG, but I'm fairly sure JPEG works this
             | way. You can concatenate a JPEG file to the end of an
             | executable, and any JPEG parser will understand it fine, as
             | it looks for a magic string before beginning to parse the
             | JPEG.
             | 
             | A JPEG that has something prepended might raise an eyebrow.
             | A JPEG that has something _executable_ prepended should
             | raise alarms.
        
               | skydhash wrote:
               | Why make something like that executable in the first
               | place? I like the Unix model where things that should be
               | executable are marked so. I know bad parsers and format
               | decoders can lead to executable exploits, but I've always
               | felt uncomfortable with the windows .exe model. Also VBA
               | in excel, word... I believe a better solution would be to
               | have a minimal executable surface than invasive software.
        
         | TiredOfLife wrote:
         | As I understand it was a definition update that caused a crash
         | inside already installed driver.
        
         | gusfoo wrote:
         | > Why would an anti-malware program be allowed to install a
         | driver automatically ... or ever for that matter?
         | 
         | While the files are named XXX.SYS they are apparently not
         | drivers. The issue is that a corrupted XXX.SYS was loaded by
         | the already-installed driver which promptly crashes.
        
         | red-iron-pine wrote:
         | > _Why would an anti-malware program be allowed to install a
         | driver automatically ... or ever for that matter?_
         | 
         | Because malware that gets into a system will do just that --
         | install its own backdoor drivers -- and will then erect defense
         | to protect itself from future updates or security actions. e.g.
         | change the path that Windows Updater uses to download new
         | updates, etc.
         | 
         | Having a kernel module that answers to CloudStrike makes it
         | harder for that to happen, since CS has their own (non-
         | malicious) backdoor to confirm that the rest of the stack is
         | behaving as expected. And it's at the kernel level, so it has
         | visibility into deeper processes that a user-space program
         | might not (or that is easy to spoof).
        
           | sudosysgen wrote:
           | Or, much more likely, the malware will use a memory access
           | bug in an existing, poorly written kernel module (say,
           | CrowdStrike?) to load itself at the kernel level without
           | anyone knowing, perhaps then flashing an older version of the
           | BIOS/EFI and nestle there, or finding it's way into a
           | management interface. Hell, it might even go ahead and
           | install an existing buggy driver by itself it's not already
           | there.
           | 
           | All of these invasive techniques end up making security even
           | worse in the long term. Forget malware - there's freely
           | available cheating software that does this. You can play
           | around with it, it still works.
        
         | tonymet wrote:
         | Vendors are allowed to install drivers , even via Windows
         | update. Many vendors like HP, install functionality like
         | telemetry as drivers to make it more difficult for the users to
         | remove the software.
         | 
         | So next time you think you are doing a "clean install", you are
         | likely just re-installing the same software that came with the
         | machine.
        
         | chuckadams wrote:
         | It doesn't install the driver, it _is_ the driver. As for the
         | Linux version, it uses eBPF which has a sandbox designed to
         | never crash the kernel. Windows does have something similar
         | nowadays, but Crowdstrike 's code probably predates it and was
         | likely just rawdogging the kernel.
        
       | rajeshivivek wrote:
       | SARRRRRRRSSSSS!
        
       | purpleblue wrote:
       | Do all the machines need to be manually fixed? It doesn't seem
       | like an automatica update will work here...
        
       | snappr021 wrote:
       | "To err is human, but to really fuck things up requires a
       | computer." ~ Len Beattie
        
       | resters wrote:
       | Any company that inserts itself so heavily into US politics
       | cannot be counted on as a solid engineering organization.
        
       | localfirst wrote:
       | This is the first time I'm hearing about crowdstrike, what is it
       | and why is this such a big deal?
        
       | casey2 wrote:
       | Isn't Crowdstrike the same company the heavily lobbied to get
       | make all their features a requirement for government computers?
       | https://www.opensecrets.org/federal-lobbying/clients/summary...
       | They have plenty of money for congress, but it seem little for
       | any kind of reasonable software development practices. This isn't
       | the first time crowdstrike has pushed system breaking changes.
        
         | WillPostForFood wrote:
         | Since we are in political season here in the US, they are also
         | well known as the company that investigated the Russian hack of
         | the DNC.
         | 
         | https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/bears-midst-intrusion-democ...
        
           | pjot wrote:
           | The DNC has since has implemented many layers of protection
           | including crowdstrike, hardware keys, as well as special auth
           | software from Google. They learned many lessons from 2016.
        
             | laidoffamazon wrote:
             | If I were to hazard a guess I think the OP is attempting to
             | say they are incompetent and wrong in fingering the GRU as
             | the cause of the DNC hacks (even though they were one of
             | many groups that made that very obvious conclusion).
        
               | pjot wrote:
               | What? No.
        
               | laidoffamazon wrote:
               | Not you, the person you were responding to.
        
           | lawlessone wrote:
           | Afaik didn't they hack republicans too? They only released
           | democrat emails though.
        
             | meowface wrote:
             | Correct. Also, the DNC breach was investigated by FireEye
             | and Fidelis as well (who also attributed it to Russia).
        
               | Zaskoda wrote:
               | Several groups doubted the results such as Threat Connect
               | and Ukraine's military:
               | 
               | https://threatconnect.com/resource/webinar-
               | guccifer-2-0-the-...
               | 
               | https://www.voanews.com/a/crowdstrike-comey-russia-hack-
               | dnc-...
        
               | wewxjfq wrote:
               | So Ukraine's military and the app creator denied their
               | artillery app was hacked by Russians, which might have
               | caused them to lose some artillery pieces? Sounds like
               | they aren't entirely unbiased. Ironically, DNC initially
               | didn't believe they were hacked either.
        
               | Zaskoda wrote:
               | I mean... the DNC thought Bernie hacked them so...
        
               | hello_moto wrote:
               | And CrowdStrike accurately point all the facts.
               | 
               | Seems like they're pretty good at what they do. Maybe
               | that's why there are so many critical infrastructure
               | depends on them.
        
               | laidoffamazon wrote:
               | Yeah this is the fringe view. The fact that the GRU is
               | responsible is the closest thing you can get to settled
               | in infosec.
               | 
               | Especially since the alternative scenarios described
               | usually devolve into conspiracy theories about inside
               | jobs
        
               | Zaskoda wrote:
               | There's something of a difference between 'alternative
               | scenarios' and demonstrating that the 'settled' story
               | doesn't fit with the limited evidence. One popular
               | example is that the exploit Crowdstrike claim was used
               | wasn't in production until after they claimed it was
               | used.
        
               | laidoffamazon wrote:
               | Ok, who did it then?
        
               | meowface wrote:
               | >There's something of a difference between 'alternative
               | scenarios' and demonstrating that the 'settled' story
               | doesn't fit with the limited evidence.
               | 
               | You've failed to demonstrate that, since your second link
               | doesn't show the Ukrainian military disputing the DNC
               | hack, just a separate hack of Ukrainian software, and the
               | first link doesn't show ThreatConnect disagreeing with
               | the assessment. ThreatConnect (and CrowdStrike, Fidelis,
               | and FireEye) attributes the DNC hack to Russia.
               | 
               | >One popular example is that the exploit Crowdstrike
               | claim was used wasn't in production until after they
               | claimed it was used.
               | 
               | Can you provide more info there?
        
               | Zaskoda wrote:
               | > You've failed to demonstrate that
               | 
               | I see that now. I should have been more careful while
               | searching for and sharing links. I have shot myself in
               | the foot. And I'm not going to waste my time or others
               | digging for and sharing what I think I remembered
               | reading. I've done enough damage today. Thank you for
               | your thorough reply.
        
               | meowface wrote:
               | The second link has nothing to do with the DNC breach.
               | It's the Ukrainian military disagreeing with Crowdstrike
               | attributing a hack of Ukrainian software to Russia. And
               | ThreatConnect also attributed it to Russia:
               | https://threatconnect.com/blog/shiny-object-
               | guccifer-2-0-and...
               | 
               | >we assess Guccifer 2.0 most likely is a Russian denial
               | and deception (D&D) effort that has been cast to sow
               | doubt about the prevailing narrative of Russian perfidy
        
         | brookst wrote:
         | On the bright side, they are living up to their aptronym.
        
           | tyingq wrote:
           | I wonder if it might starting being a common turn of phrase.
           | "Crowdstrike that directory", etc.
        
             | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
             | There's a brokenness spectrum. Here are some points on it:
             | 
             | - operational and configured
             | 
             | - operational and at factory defaults
             | 
             | - broken, remote fixable
             | 
             | - _crowdstruck_ (broken remotely by vendor, but not fixable
             | remotely)
             | 
             | - bricked
             | 
             | Usage:
             | 
             | > don't let them install updates or they'll crowdstrike it.
        
         | chambored wrote:
         | According to that link the most money they contributed to
         | lobbying in the past 5 years was $600,000 most years around
         | $200,000. That's barely the cost of a senior engineer.
        
           | 113 wrote:
           | You'd be surprised how cheap politicians are.
        
             | engineer_22 wrote:
             | IIRC Menendez was accused and found guilty of accepting
             | around $30,000 per year from foreign governments?
        
               | smsm42 wrote:
               | That's probably only the part they had the hard proof
               | for.
               | 
               | Also, the press release[1] says:
               | 
               | > between 2018 and 2022, Senator Menendez and his wife
               | engaged in a corrupt relationship with Wael Hana, Jose
               | Uribe, and Fred Daibes - three New Jersey businessmen who
               | collectively paid hundreds of thousands of dollars of
               | bribes, including cash, gold, a Mercedes Benz, and other
               | things of value
               | 
               | and later:
               | 
               | > Over $480,000 in cash -- much of it stuffed into
               | envelopes and hidden in clothing, closets, and a safe --
               | was discovered in the home, as well as over $70,000 in
               | cash in NADINE MENENDEZ's safe deposit box, which was
               | also searched pursuant to a separate search warrant
               | 
               | This seems to be more than $120K over 4 years. Of course,
               | not all of the cash found may be result of those bribes,
               | but likely at least some of it is.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdny/pr/us-senator-
               | robert-menen...
        
             | dwatson92 wrote:
             | Ok but that point still defeats the premise that
             | Crowdstrike are spending a large enough amount on lobbying
             | that it is hampering their engineering dept.
        
               | joe5150 wrote:
               | I believe the OP was using figurative language. The point
               | seems to be that _something_ is hampering their
               | engineering department and they shouldn't be lobbying the
               | government to have their software so deeply embedded into
               | so many systems until they fix that.
        
             | dbalatero wrote:
             | I always half-jokingly think "should I buy a politician?"
             | 
             | I feel like a few friends could go in on it.
        
               | Kerbonut wrote:
               | It could be like an "insurance" where people pay for
               | politician lobbying. Pool our resources and put it in the
               | right spots.
        
             | ta1243 wrote:
             | In the UK, a housing minister was bribed with PS12,000 in
             | return for a PS45m tax break.
             | 
             | 3750:1 return on investment, you don't get many investments
             | that lucrative!
        
         | bogzz wrote:
         | Corporate brainrot strikes again.
        
         | yurlungur wrote:
         | Given its origin and involvement in these high profile cases I
         | always thought Crowdstrike is a government subsidized company
         | which barely has any real function or real product. I stand
         | corrected I guess.
        
           | Aperocky wrote:
           | This still doesn't demonstrate that it has any real function
           | tbf.
        
             | andrewstuart2 wrote:
             | Business Continuity Plan chaos gorilla as a service.
        
           | hello_moto wrote:
           | There's something missing here... You know nothing about
           | Crowdstrike (as per your own statement) and critical
           | infrastructure depends on them.
           | 
           | That two things tell us something about your knowledge;)
        
         | Aperocky wrote:
         | This demonstrated that Crowdstrike lacks the most basic of
         | tests and staging environments.
        
         | andrepd wrote:
         | Seems to be a perfectly rational decision to maximise short
         | term returns for the owners of the company.
         | 
         | Now make of that what you will.
        
         | squigz wrote:
         | > Isn't Crowdstrike the same company the heavily lobbied to get
         | make all their features a requirement for government computers?
         | 
         | Do you have any more sources on this specifically? The link you
         | gave doesn't seem to reference anything specific.
        
       | steelframe wrote:
       | Wow, this hits close to home. Doing a page fault where you can't
       | in the kernel is exactly what I did with my very first patch I
       | submitted after I joined the Microsoft BitLocker team in 2009. I
       | added a check on the driver initialization path and didn't
       | annotate the code as non-paged because frankly I didn't know at
       | the time that the Windows kernel was paged. All my kernel
       | development experience up to that point was with Linux, which
       | isn't paged.
       | 
       | BitLocker is a storage driver, so that code turned into a
       | circular dependency. The attempt to page in the code resulted a
       | call to that not-yet-paged-in code.
       | 
       | The reason I didn't catch it with local testing was because I
       | never tried rebooting with BitLocker enabled on my dev box when I
       | was working on that code. For everyone on the team that did have
       | BitLocker enabled they got the BSOD when they rebooted. Even then
       | the "blast radius" was only the BitLocker team with about 8 devs,
       | since local changes were qualified at the team level before they
       | were merged up the chain.
       | 
       | The controls in place not only protected Windows more generally,
       | but they even protected the majority of the Windows development
       | group. It blows my mind that a kernel driver with the level of
       | proliferation in industry could make it out the door apparently
       | without even the most basic level of qualification.
        
         | bonestamp2 wrote:
         | > without even the most basic level of qualification
         | 
         | That was my first thought too. Our company does firmware
         | updates to hundreds of thousands of devices every month and
         | those updates always go through 3 rounds of internal testing,
         | then to a couple dozen real world users who we have a close
         | relationship with (and we supply them with spare hardware that
         | is not on the early update path in case there is a problem with
         | an early rollout). Then the update goes to a small subset of
         | users who opt in to those updates, then they get rolled out in
         | batches to the regular users in case we still somehow missed
         | something along the way. Nothing has ever gotten past our two
         | dozen real world users.
        
           | rvnx wrote:
           | Or it could be made that Windows stops loading drivers that
           | are crashing.
           | 
           | Third-party driver/module crashed more than 3 times in a row
           | -> Third-party driver/module is punished and has to be
           | manually re-enabled.
        
             | Lx1oG-AWb6h_ZG0 wrote:
             | Wouldn't this be an attack vector? Use some low-hanging bug
             | to bring down an entire security module, allowing you to
             | escalate?
        
               | SAI_Peregrinus wrote:
               | It's currently a DOS by the crashing component, so it's
               | already broken the Availability part of
               | Confidentiality/Integrity/Availability that defines the
               | goals of security.
        
               | hunter2_ wrote:
               | But a loss of availability is so much more palatable than
               | the others, plus the others often result in manually
               | restricting availability anyway when discovered.
        
               | jamie0 wrote:
               | I think the wider societal impact from the loss of
               | availability today - particularly for those in healthcare
               | settings - might suggest this isn't always the case
        
               | prng2021 wrote:
               | Availability of a system that can't ensure data integrity
               | seems equally bad though.
        
               | azinman2 wrote:
               | Tell that to the millions of people whose flights were
               | canceled, the surgeries not performed, etc etc.
        
               | josephg wrote:
               | Or anyone who owns CrowdStrike shares.
        
               | prng2021 wrote:
               | What is the importance of data integrity? If important
               | pre-op data/instructions are missing or gets saved on the
               | wrong patient record which causes botched surgeries, if
               | there are misprescribed post-op medications, if there is
               | huge confusion and delays in critical follow-up surgeries
               | because of a 100% available system that messed up patient
               | data across hospitals nationwide, if there are
               | malpractice lawsuits putting entire hospitals out of
               | business etc etc, then is that fallout clearly worth
               | having an available system in the first place?
        
               | azinman2 wrote:
               | How does crowdstrike protect against instructions being
               | saved on the wrong patient's record?
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | They'd surely have used some kind of Unix if uptime
               | mattered.
        
               | skeeter2020 wrote:
               | before you get all smug recognize that linux has the
               | exact same architecture, just because it wasn't impacted
               | - this time.
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | Too late, I was born smug.
               | 
               | If Linux and Windows have similar architectural flaws,
               | Microsoft must have some massive execution problems. They
               | are getting embarrassed in QA by a bunch of hobbyists,
               | lol.
        
               | LtWorf wrote:
               | I'm sure the people who missed their flights because of
               | this disagree.
        
               | tomrod wrote:
               | Or families of those who die.
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | If you're planning around bugs in security modules,
               | you're better off disabling them - malware routinely use
               | bugs in drivers to escalate, so the bug you're allowing
               | can make the escalation vector even more powerful as now
               | it gets to Ring 0 early loading.
        
               | cyanydeez wrote:
               | Requires state level social engineering.
               | 
               | Might by why north Koreans are trying to get work from
               | home jobs.
               | 
               | https://www.businessinsider.com/woman-helped-north-korea-
               | fin...
        
               | tomxor wrote:
               | > Wouldn't this be an attack vector?
               | 
               | Isn't DoSing your own OS an attack vector? and a worse
               | one when it's used in critical infrastructure where lives
               | are at stake.
               | 
               | There is a reasonable balance to strike, sometimes it's
               | not a good idea to go to extreme measures to prevent
               | unlikely intrusion vectors due to the non-monetary costs.
               | 
               | See: The optimal amount of fraud is non-zero.
        
               | Thorrez wrote:
               | In the absence of a Crowdstrike bug, if an attacker is
               | able to cause Crowdstrike to trigger a bluescreen, I
               | assume the attacker would be able to trigger a bluescreen
               | in some other way. So I don't think this is a good
               | argument for removing the check.
        
               | tomxor wrote:
               | That assumes it's more likely than crowdstrike mass
               | bricking all of these computers... this is the balance,
               | it's not about possibility, it's about probability.
        
               | Thorrez wrote:
               | I think we're in agreement. I now realize my previous
               | comment replied to the wrong comment. I meant to reply to
               | Lx1oG-AWb6h_ZG0. Sorry.
        
             | tatersolid wrote:
             | Because CrowdStrike is an EDR solution it likely has
             | tamper-proofing features (scheduled tasks, watchdog
             | services, etc.) that re-enables it. These features are
             | designed to prevent malware or manual attackers from
             | disabling it.
        
               | Wheaties466 wrote:
               | it does. several crowdstrike alerts popped when i was
               | remediating systems of the broken driver.
        
               | rkagerer wrote:
               | These features drive me nuts because they prevent _me_ ,
               | the computer owner/admin, from disabling. One person
               | thought up techniques like "let's make a scheduled task
               | that sledgehammers out the knobs these 'dumb' users keep
               | turning' and then everyone else decided to copycat that
               | awful practice.
        
               | Thorrez wrote:
               | If you're the admin, I would assume you have the ability
               | to disable Crowdstrike. There must be some way to
               | uninstall it, right?
        
               | xena wrote:
               | Not if you want to keep the magic green compliance
               | checkbox!
        
               | Thorrez wrote:
               | Are you saying that the compliance rule requires the
               | software to be uninstallable? Once it's installed it's
               | impossible to uninstall? No one can uninstall it? I have
               | a hard time believing it's impossible to remove the
               | software. In the extreme case, you could reimage the
               | machine and reinstall Windows without Crowdstrike.
               | 
               | Or are you saying that it is possible to uninstall, but
               | once you do that, you're not in compliance, so while it's
               | technically possible to uninstall, you'll be breaking the
               | rules if you do so?
        
               | g15jv2dp wrote:
               | It's obviously the second option.
        
               | throwaway55110 wrote:
               | It's not obvious - the owner of the computer sets the
               | rules.
        
               | Thorrez wrote:
               | The person I originally replied to, rkagerer, said there
               | was some technical measure preventing rkagerer from
               | uninstalling it even though rkagerer has admin on the
               | computer.
        
               | g15jv2dp wrote:
               | I cannot find that comment. Care to link it?
        
               | throwaway55110 wrote:
               | If you're the owner, just turn it off and uninstall.
        
               | gunapologist99 wrote:
               | Doesn't malware do that as well?
               | 
               | But what other malware has been as successful?
               | Crowdstrike can rest easy knowing it's taken down many of
               | the most critical systems in the world.
               | 
               | Oh, no, actually, if Crowdstrike WAS malware, the authors
               | would be in prison.. not running a $90B company.
        
             | commandersaki wrote:
             | I use Explorer Patcher on a windows 11 machine. It had a
             | history of crash loops with Explorer that they implemented
             | this circuit breaker functionality.
        
             | fortran77 wrote:
             | It does. CrowdStrike forced itself into boot process.
             | Normal windows drivers will be disable automatically if
             | they caused a crash
        
           | yibg wrote:
           | This was my first thought too. I'm not that familiar with the
           | space, but I would think for something this sensitive the
           | rollout would be staggered at least instead of what looks
           | like globally all at the same time.
        
             | dudeism_est_03 wrote:
             | This is the bit I am still trying to understand. On
             | CrowdStrike you can define how many updates a host is
             | behind. I.e. n (latest), n-1 (one behind) or n-2 etc. This
             | update was applied to a 'latest' policy hosts and the n-2
             | hosts. To me it appears that there was more to this than
             | just a corrupt update, otherwise how was this policy
             | ignored? Unless it doesn't separate the update as deeply
             | and maybe just a small policy aspect, which would also be
             | very concerning.
             | 
             | I guess we won't really know until they release the post
             | mortem...
        
               | Xamayon wrote:
               | Yeah, my guess is that they roll out the updates to every
               | client at the same time, and then have the client
               | implement the n-1/2/whatever part locally. That worked
               | great-ish until they pushed a corrupt (empty) update file
               | which crashed the client when it tried to interpret the
               | contents... Not ideal, and obviously there isn't enough
               | internal testing before sending stuff out to actual
               | clients.
        
           | mihaaly wrote:
           | Exactly this what I was missing in the story. Like why not to
           | have a limited set of users have it before going live for the
           | whole user base at a mission critical product like this is
           | beyond comprehension of everyone ever came across software
           | bugs (so billions of people). And then we already overcame
           | the part of not testing internally well, or at all? Something
           | clusteruck must have happened there which is still better
           | than imagining that this is the normal way the organization
           | operates. Which is a very scary vision. Serious rethinking of
           | trusting this organization is due everywhere!
        
             | nikau wrote:
             | But that would require hiring staff to manage the process,
             | and that is money taken away from sponsoring an F1 racing
             | team.
        
               | Rinzler89 wrote:
               | The funniest part was seeing Mercedes F1 team pit crew
               | staring at BSODs at their workstations[1] while wearing
               | CrowdStrike t-shirts. Some jokes just write themselves.
               | Imagine if they loose the race because of their sponsor.
               | 
               | But hey, at least they actually dogfood the products of
               | their sponsors instead of just taking money to shill
               | random stuff.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.thedrive.com/news/crowdstrike-sponsored-
               | mercedes...
        
           | cush wrote:
           | It's baffling how fast and wide the blast radius was for this
           | Crowdstrike update. Quite impressive actually, if you think
           | about it - updating billions of systems that quickly.
        
             | causal wrote:
             | Certainly living up to the name
        
             | kefabean wrote:
             | Indeed, far more damage caused than any actual malware!
        
           | rkagerer wrote:
           | That is the right way to do it.
        
           | throwaway7356 wrote:
           | But do you ever get free world-wide advertisement that
           | everyone uses your product? Crowdstrike sure did and I'm sure
           | they'll use that to sell it to more people.
        
         | brightlancer wrote:
         | > Even then the "blast radius" was only the BitLocker team with
         | about 8 devs, since local changes were qualified at the team
         | level before they were merged up the chain.
         | 
         | Up the chain to automated test machines, right?
        
           | nick7376182 wrote:
           | You would think automated test would come before your
           | teammates work stations / commit to head.
        
             | steelframe wrote:
             | Did I mention this was 15 years ago? Software development
             | back then looked very different than it does now,
             | especially in Wincore. There was none of this "Cloud-native
             | development" stuff that we all know and love today. GitHub
             | was just about 1 year old. Jenkins wouldn't be a thing for
             | another 2 years.
             | 
             | In this case the "automated test" flipped all kinds of
             | configuration options with repeated reboots of a physical
             | workstation. It took hours to run the tests, and your
             | workstation would be constantly rebooting, so you wouldn't
             | be accomplishing anything else for the rest of the day. It
             | was faster and cheaper to require 8 devs to rollback to
             | yesterday's build maybe once every couple of quarters than
             | to snarl the whole development process with that.
             | 
             | The tests still ran, but they were owned and run by a
             | dedicated test engineer prior to merging the branch up.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | Jenkins was called Hudson from 2005 until 2011, and
               | version control is much, much older.
               | 
               | I'm surprised you didn't have two or more workstations.
        
         | dralley wrote:
         | https://www.usenix.org/system/files/1311_05-08_mickens.pdf
         | 
         | "Perhaps the worst thing about being a systems person is that
         | other, non-systems people think that they understand the daily
         | tragedies that compose your life. For example, a few weeks ago,
         | I was debugging a new network file system that my research
         | group created. The bug was inside a kernel-mode component, so
         | my machines were crashing in spectacular and vindic- tive ways.
         | After a few days of manually rebooting servers, I had
         | transformed into a shambling, broken man, kind of like a
         | computer scientist version of Saddam Hussein when he was pulled
         | from his bunker, all scraggly beard and dead eyes and florid,
         | nonsensical ramblings about semi-imagined enemies. As I paced
         | the hallways, muttering Nixonian rants about my code, one of my
         | colleagues from the HCI group asked me what my problem was. I
         | described the bug, which involved concur- rent threads and
         | corrupted state and asynchronous message delivery across
         | multiple machines, and my coworker said, "Yeah, that sounds
         | bad. Have you checked the log files for errors?" I said,
         | "Indeed, I would do that if I hadn't broken every component
         | that a logging system needs to log data. I have a network file
         | system, and I have broken the network, and I have broken the
         | file system, and my machines crash when I make eye contact with
         | them. I HAVE NO TOOLS BECAUSE I'VE DESTROYED MY TOOLS WITH MY
         | TOOLS. My only logging option is to hire monks to transcribe
         | the subjective experience of watching my machines die as I weep
         | tears of blood."
        
           | qingcharles wrote:
           | Ah, the joys of trying to come up with creative ways to get
           | feedback from your code when literally nothing is available.
           | Can I make the beeper beep in morse code? Can I just put a
           | variable delay in the code and time it with a stopwatch to
           | know which value was returned from that function? Ughh.
        
             | dr_kiszonka wrote:
             | I certainly used beeping for debugging more than once! : -
             | )
        
             | suzzer99 wrote:
             | I call this "throwing dye in the water".
        
             | YZF wrote:
             | Some of us have worked on embedded systems or board
             | bringup. Scope and logic analyzer ... Serial port a luxury.
             | 
             | IIRC Windows has good support for debugging device drivers
             | via the serial port. Overall the tooling for dealing with
             | device drivers in windows is not bad including some special
             | purpose static analysis tool and some pretty good testing.
        
               | mjevans wrote:
               | This is why power users want that standard old two digit
               | '7 segment' display to show off that ONE hex code the
               | BIOS writes to at various steps...
               | 
               | When stuff breaks, not if, WHEN it breaks, this at least
               | gives a fighting chance at isolating the issue.
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | Yeah. Been there, done that. Write to an unused address
               | decode to trigger the logic analyzer when I got to a
               | specific point in the code, so I could scroll back
               | through the address bus and figure out what the program
               | counter had done for me to _get_ to that piece of code.
        
             | _tom_ wrote:
             | Old school guys at my first job could send the contents of
             | the program counter to the speaker, and diagnose problems
             | by the sound of it.
             | 
             | Definitely Old School Cool
        
           | Arrath wrote:
           | That's beautiful.
        
           | killerstorm wrote:
           | This is an interesting piece of creative writing, but virtual
           | machines already existed in 2013. There are very few reasons
           | to experiment on your dev machine.
        
             | rcbdev wrote:
             | OS / driver development needs to be done on bare metal
             | sometimes.
        
             | grishka wrote:
             | Sometimes you have to debug on a real machine. When you do,
             | you'd usually use a serial port for your debug output.
             | Everything has one.
        
             | pjmorris wrote:
             | At the time, Mickens worked at Microsoft Research, and with
             | the Windows kernel development team. There may only be a
             | few reasons to experiment on your dev machine, but that's
             | one environment where they have those reasons.
        
           | dwattttt wrote:
           | Quoting James Mickens is always the winning move. I recommend
           | the entire collection of his wisdom,
           | https://mickens.seas.harvard.edu/wisdom-james-mickens
        
             | bofh23 wrote:
             | James Mickens's Monitorama 2014 presentation had me
             | laughing to the point of tears. "Look a word cloud!"
             | 
             | Title: "Computers are a Sadness, I am the Cure"
             | https://vimeo.com/95066828
        
               | dwattttt wrote:
               | Say "word count" one more time!
        
           | rkagerer wrote:
           | Somebody get this man a serial port, or maybe a PC Speaker to
           | Morse out diagnostics signals.
        
         | brcmthrowaway wrote:
         | What does this mean?
         | 
         | Windows kernel paged, linux non paged?
        
           | ec109685 wrote:
           | Linux kernel memory isn't paged out to disk, while Windows
           | kernel memory can be: https://knowledge.broadcom.com/external
           | /article/32146/third-...
        
             | nw05678 wrote:
             | Has that changed? I remember always creating a swap
             | partition that was meant to be at least the size of RAM
        
           | ww520 wrote:
           | The memory used by the Windows kernel is either Paged or Non-
           | Paged. Non-Paged means pinning the memory in physical RAM.
           | Paged means it might be swapped out to disk and paged back in
           | when needed. OP was working on BitLocker a file system
           | driver, which handles disk IO. It must be pinned in physical
           | RAM to be available all the times; otherwise, if it's paged
           | out, an IO request coming would find the driver code missing
           | in memory and try to page in the driver code, which triggers
           | another IO request, creating an infinite loop. The Windows
           | kernel usually would crash at that point to prevent a runway
           | system and stops at the point of failure to let you fix the
           | problem.
        
             | quaintdev wrote:
             | Thank you!
        
           | p_l wrote:
           | Linux is a bit unusual in that kernel memory is generally
           | physically mapped and unless you use vmalloc any memory you
           | allocate has to correspond to pages backed by RAM. This also
           | ties into how file IO happens, swapping, and how Linux
           | approach to IO is actually closer to Multics and OS/400 than
           | OG Unix.
           | 
           | Many other systems instead default to using full power of
           | virtual memory including swapping kernel space to disk, with
           | only things explicitly need to be kept in ram being allocated
           | from "non-paged" or "wired" memory.
           | 
           | EDIT: fixed spelling thanks to writing on phone.
        
         | temac wrote:
         | "It blows my mind that a kernel driver with the level of
         | proliferation in industry could make it out the door apparently
         | without even the most basic level of qualification."
         | 
         | It was my understanding that MS now sign 3rd party kernel mode
         | code, with quality requirements. In which case why did they
         | fail to prevent this?
        
           | einpoklum wrote:
           | > In which case why did they fail to prevent this?
           | 
           | "Oh, crowdstrike? Yeah, yeah, here's that Winodws kernel code
           | signing key you paid for."
        
             | whydoyoucare wrote:
             | You can pay for it and sign a file full of null characters.
             | Signing has nothing to do with quality from what I
             | understand.
        
               | einpoklum wrote:
               | "Yours sincerely,
               | 
               | Crowdstrike
               | 
               | ---
               | 
               | PS - If you get hit by some massive crash, we refer you
               | to our company's name. What were you expecting?"
        
           | YZF wrote:
           | Drivers have had to be signed forever and pass pretty
           | rigorous test suites and static analysis.
           | 
           | The problem here is obviously this other file the driver
           | sucks in. Just because the driver didn't crash for Microsoft
           | in their lab doesn't mean a different file can't crash it...
        
             | rlanday wrote:
             | There's a design problem here if the driver can't be self-
             | contained in such a way that it's possible to roll back the
             | kernel to a known good state.
        
               | Rinzler89 wrote:
               | How so? Preventing roll-backs on software updates is a
               | "security feature" in most cases for better and for
               | worse. Yeah, it would be convenient for tinkerers or in
               | rare events such as these, but would be a security issue
               | in the 99,9..99% of the time for enterprise users where
               | security is the main concern.
        
               | Demonoculus wrote:
               | I don't really understand this, many Linux distributions
               | like Universal Blue advertise rollbacks as a feature. How
               | is preventing a roll-back a "security feature"?
        
               | sltkr wrote:
               | Imagine a driver has an exploitable vulnerability that is
               | fixed in an update. If an attacker can force a rollback
               | to the vulnerable older version, then the system is still
               | vulnerable. Disallowing the rollback fixes this.
        
             | fransje26 wrote:
             | > Just because the driver didn't crash for Microsoft in
             | their lab doesn't mean a different file can't crash it...
             | "What are you complaining about? It works on my
             | machine."(tm)
        
         | password4321 wrote:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41006104#41006555
         | 
         |  _the flawed data was added in a post-processing step of the
         | configuration update, which is after it 's been tested
         | internally but before it's copied to their update servers_
         | 
         | per a new/green account
        
           | cududa wrote:
           | So have we decided to stop using checksums or something?
        
             | password4321 wrote:
             | Perhaps it was the checksum/signature process!
        
               | function_seven wrote:
               | Ya gotta keep checksumming until you find a fixed point.
        
           | spaceywilly wrote:
           | "And so that's why we recommend using phased rollouts" -Every
           | DevOps engineer from now on
        
             | prox wrote:
             | "But that costs us money and time" - some suit.
        
               | Woodi wrote:
               | "And they promise fast threat mitigation... Let allow
               | them to take over EVERYTHING! With remote access, of
               | course. Some form of overwatch of what they in/out by our
               | staff ? Meh... And it even allow us to do cuts in
               | headcount and infra by $<digits_here> a year."
        
           | mihaaly wrote:
           | when something is changed, we usually re-test. that's the
           | whole point of testing anyway. :)
        
         | jboy55 wrote:
         | I was thinking, this doesn't seem like its a case of all these
         | machines still on an old version of windows, or some specific
         | version, that is having issues. Therefore QA just missed one
         | particular variant in their smoke testing. It seems like its
         | every windows instance with that software, so either they don't
         | have basic automated testing, or someone pushed this outside of
         | a normal process.
        
         | EasyMark wrote:
         | This is what I don't get, it's extremely hard for me to believe
         | this didn't get caught in CI when things started blue
         | screening. Every place I ever did test rebooting/powercycling
         | was part of CI, with various hardware configs. This was before
         | even our lighthouse customers even saw it.
        
           | tomrod wrote:
           | Disgruntled employee trying to use Crowd Strike to start a
           | General Strike?
        
           | Fire-Dragon-DoL wrote:
           | What makes you think they have CI after what happened?
        
             | simonh wrote:
             | Apparently the flaw was added to the config file in post-
             | processing after it had completed testing. So they thought
             | they had testing, but actually didn't.
        
         | mtlynch wrote:
         | > _Doing a page fault where you can 't in the kernel is exactly
         | what I did with my very first patch I submitted after I joined
         | the Microsoft BitLocker team in 2009._
         | 
         | Hello from a fellow BitLocker dev from this time! I think I
         | know who this is, but I'm not sure and don't want to say your
         | name if you want it private. Was one of your Win10 features
         | implementing passphrase support for the OS drive? In any case,
         | feel free to reach out and catch up. My contact info is in my
         | profile.
        
           | steelframe wrote:
           | Win8. I've been seeing your blog posts show up here and there
           | on HN over the years, so I was half expecting you to pick up
           | on my self-doxx. I'll ping you offline.
        
         | Fire-Dragon-DoL wrote:
         | I'm completely ignorant on the topic but isn't rebooting a
         | default test for kernel code, given how sensitive it is?
        
           | steelframe wrote:
           | Oh I rebooted, I just didn't happen to have the right
           | configuration options to invoke the failure when I rebooted.
           | Not every dev workstation was bluescreening, just the ones
           | with the particular feature enabled.
        
             | martin-adams wrote:
             | That sounds like it was caught by luck, unless there was
             | some test explicitly with that configuration in the QA
             | process?
        
               | dagmx wrote:
               | A lot of QA, especially at the system level, is just
               | luck. That's why it's so important to dogfood internally
               | imho.
               | 
               | And by internally I don't just mean the development team,
               | but anyone and everyone at the company who is allowed to
               | have access to early builds.
        
               | jokab wrote:
               | Maybe thru luck, they're gonna uncover another xz utils
               | backdoor MS version, but its probably gonna get covered
               | up because, Microsoft
        
             | sateesh wrote:
             | But as someone already pointed out, the issue was seen on
             | all kinds of windows hosts. Not just the ones running a
             | specific version, specific update etc.
        
         | isatty wrote:
         | I do not mean this to be blamey in any way shape or form and am
         | asking only about the process:
         | 
         | Shouldn't that have been caught in code review?
        
           | steelframe wrote:
           | My manager actually blamed the more senior developer who
           | reviewed my code for that one.
        
         | usr1106 wrote:
         | > I didn't know at the time that the Windows kernel was paged.
         | 
         | At uni I had a professor in database systems, who did not like
         | written exams, but mostly did oral exams. Obviously for DBMSes
         | the page buffer is very relevant, so we chatted about virtual
         | memory and paging. So in my explanation I made the difference
         | for kernel space and user space. I am pretty sure I had read
         | that in a book describing VAX/VMS internals. However, the
         | professor claimed that a kernel never does paging for its own
         | memory. I did not argue on that and passed the exam with the
         | best grade. Did not check that book again to verify my claim. I
         | have never done any kernel space development even vaguely close
         | to memory management, so still today I don't know the exact
         | details.
         | 
         | However, what strikes me here: When that exam happened in
         | 1985ish the NT kernel did not exist yet, I'd believe. However,
         | IIRC a significant part of the DEC VMS kernel team went to
         | Microsoft to work on the NT kernel. So the concept of paging (a
         | part of) kernel memory went with them? Whether VMS --> WNT,
         | every letter increased by one is just a coincidence or
         | intentionally the next baby of those developers I have never
         | understood. As Linux has shown us today much bigger systems can
         | be successfully handled without the extra complications for
         | paging kernel memory. Whether it's a good idea I don't know, at
         | least not a necessary one.
        
           | nullindividual wrote:
           | If you want to hear the history of [DEC/VMS] NT from the
           | horses mouth:
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xi1Lq79mLeE
        
             | usr1106 wrote:
             | Oh oh, 3 hours 10. I watched around half of it.
             | 
             | The VMS --> WNT acronym relationship was not mentioned,
             | maybe it was just made up later.
             | 
             | One thing I did not know (or maybe not remember) is that NT
             | was originally developed exclusively for the Intel i860,
             | one of Intel's attempts to do RISC. Of course in the late
             | 1980s CISC seemed deemed and everyone was moving to RISC.
             | The code name of the i860 was N10. So that might well be
             | the inside origin of NT, the marketing name New Technology
             | retrofitted only later.
        
         | usr1106 wrote:
         | > It blows my mind that a kernel driver with the level of
         | proliferation in industry could make it out the door apparently
         | without even the most basic level of qualification.
         | 
         | Discussed elsewhere it is claimed that the file causing the
         | crash was a data file that has been corrupted in the delivery
         | process. So the development team and their CI have probably
         | tested a good version, but the customer received a bad one.
         | 
         | If that is true to problem is that the driver first uses an
         | unsigned file at all, so all customer machines are continuously
         | at risk for local attacks. And then it does not do any
         | integrity check on the data it contains, which is a big no no
         | for all untrusted data, whether user space or kernel.
        
           | vlod wrote:
           | If the file was signed, wouldn't that have prevented the
           | corrupted transmission file from being loaded.
           | 
           | I assume if the signed file was hacked (or parts missing),
           | then it wouldn't pass verification.
        
           | wedesoft wrote:
           | Still a staggered roll-out would have reduced the impact.
        
           | mbreese wrote:
           | _> And then it does not do any integrity check on the data it
           | contains, which is a big no no for all untrusted data,
           | whether user space or kernel._
           | 
           | To me, this is the inexcusable sin. These updates should be
           | signed and signatures validated before the file is read.
           | Ideally the signing/validating would be handled before
           | distribution so that when this file was corrupted, the
           | validation would have failed here.
           | 
           | But even with a good signature, when a file is read and the
           | values don't make sense, it should be treated as a bad input.
           | From what I've seen, even a magic bytes header here would
           | have helped.
        
         | sandworm101 wrote:
         | So the key test, the test that was not run, was to turn the
         | machine off and on again? Classic windows.
        
         | hevisko wrote:
         | Must have been DNS... when they did the deployment run and the
         | necessary code was pulled and the DNS failed and then the wrong
         | code got compiled...</sarcasm>
         | 
         | that they don't even do staged/A-B pushes was also <mind-blown-
         | away>
         | 
         | But the most.... ironical was:
         | https://www.theregister.com/2024/07/18/security_review_failu...
        
       | CKMo wrote:
       | This is a good example of why you don't want ring0 level access
       | for clients. Or just, you don't want client-based solutions. The
       | provider just becomes another threat vector.
        
       | swozey wrote:
       | I know there's a better word to be used here, but what initially
       | looked like a massive cyberattack turning out to be a massive
       | defender foot-broom is _chefs kiss_.
       | 
       | I saw it was Windows and went to bed. What a great feeling.
       | 
       | I'm sorry to those of you dealing with this. I've had to wipe
       | 1200 computers over a weekend in a past life when a virus got in.
       | 
       | Did I receive any appreciation? Nope. I was literally sleeping
       | under cubicle desks bringing up isolated rows one by one. I
       | switched everything in that call center to linux after that.
       | Ironically it turns out it was a senior engineers ssh key that
       | got leaked somehow and was used to get in and dig around servers
       | in our datacenter outside of my network. My filesystem logging
       | (in Windows, coincidentally) alerted me.
       | 
       | IT is fun.
        
       | cloin wrote:
       | I'm confused as to how this issue is so widespread in the first
       | place. I'm unfamiliar with how Crowdstrike works, do
       | organizations really have no control over when these updates
       | occur? Why can't these airlines just apply the updates in dev
       | first? Is it the organizations fault or does Crowdstrike just
       | deliver updates like this and there's no control? If that's just
       | how they do it, how do they get away with this?
        
         | rboyd wrote:
         | Companies operate on a high level of fear and trust. This is
         | the security vendor, so in theory they want those updates
         | rolled out as quickly as possible so that they don't get
         | hacked. Heh.
        
         | prpl wrote:
         | I mean, they pay a lot of money to crowdstrike. A failure this
         | widespread is a Crowdstrike dev issue.
        
         | commandlinefan wrote:
         | Can somebody summarize what CrowdStrike actually is/does? I
         | can't figure it out from their web page (they're an
         | "enterprise" "security" "provider", apparently). Is this just
         | some virus scanning software? Or is it some bossware/spyware
         | thing?
        
           | kube-system wrote:
           | > Is this just some virus scanning software?
           | 
           | Essentially, yes. It is fancy endpoint protection.
        
           | noduerme wrote:
           | It's both. Antivirus along with spyware to also watch for
           | anything the user is doing that could introduce a threat,
           | such as opening a phishing email, posting on HN, etc.
        
           | matthew-wegner wrote:
           | The thing people are paying for is regulatory compliance. The
           | actual product is anti-virus software.
        
         | mym1990 wrote:
         | These updates happen automatically and as far as I can tell,
         | there is no option to turn this feature off. From a security
         | perspective, the vendor will always want you to be on the most
         | recent software to protect from attack holes that may open up
         | by operating on an older version. Your IT department will
         | likely want this as well to avoid culpability. Just my 2
         | observations, whether it is the right away or if CS is
         | effective at what it does, no idea.
        
         | apitman wrote:
         | CrowdStrike is an endpoint detection and response (EDR) system.
         | It is deeply integrated into the operating system. This type of
         | security software is very common on company-owned computers,
         | and often have essentially root privileges.
        
           | rty32 wrote:
           | Well, actually more than root. Even for an administrator user
           | on Windows, it's pretty hard to mess with things and get into
           | BSOD. CrowdStrike has these files as drivers (as indicated by
           | .sys file extension) which run in the kernel mode.
        
         | jtdev wrote:
         | It's a Mossad/CIA sponsored spyware agent.
        
           | yard2010 wrote:
           | Source: bro trust me
        
         | jmsgwd wrote:
         | Presumably endpoint detection & response (EDR) agents need to
         | do things like dynamically fetch new malware signatures at
         | runtime, which is understandable. But you'd think that would be
         | treated as new "content", something they're designed to handle
         | in day-to-day operation, hence very low risk.
         | 
         | That's totally different to deploying new "code", i.e. new
         | versions of the agent itself. You'd expect that to be treated
         | as a software update like any other, so their customers can
         | control the roll out as part of their own change management
         | processes, with separate environments, extensive testing,
         | staggered deployments, etc.
         | 
         | I wonder if such a content vs. code distinction exists? Or has
         | EDR software gotten so complex (e.g. with malware sandboxing)
         | that such a distinction can't easily be made any more?
         | 
         | In any case, vendors shouldn't be able to push out software
         | updates that circumvent everyone's change management processes!
         | Looking forward to the postmortem.
        
           | nudgeee wrote:
           | My guess is it probably was a content update that tickled
           | some lesser trodden path in the parser/loader code, or
           | created a race condition in the code which lead to the BSOD.
           | 
           | Even if it's 'just' a content update, it probably should
           | follow the rules of a code update (canaries, pre-release
           | channels, staged rollouts, etc).
        
       | stainablesteel wrote:
       | its strange how people who work in professions that are
       | considered crucial infrastructure are held to such a high
       | standard but there's always some tech problem that cripples them
       | the hardest
        
         | queuebert wrote:
         | And they all invariably use Windows instead of a high-
         | reliability OS.
        
           | cypress66 wrote:
           | Windows is high reliability. The problem here is what's
           | basically a third party backdoor.
        
             | DeepYogurt wrote:
             | > Windows is high reliability.
             | 
             | lol no
        
             | bestouff wrote:
             | "Windows" is the combination of the OS per se and all the
             | things needed for it to run properly. That thing is a mess
             | of proprietary drivers and pieces of software cobbled
             | together. It can't be called "high reliability" with a
             | straight face.
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | Crowdstrike is a multiplatform malware that chronically
               | damages computers on all major desktop OSes. This is a
               | Crowd strike problem and an admin problem.
        
               | BuckRogers wrote:
               | That's a hell of a take that should not be taken
               | seriously. Perhaps if you hold everything else to the
               | same standard. Anything used on macOS or Linux or
               | whatever else fully and completely represents that core
               | platform, then I'd agree.
               | 
               | Anecdotally, I have zero stability problems on my non-ECC
               | consumer-grade 11th gen Intel Windows 11 system. It'll
               | stay up for months, until I decide to shut it down. I had
               | a loose GPU power cable that was causing me problems at a
               | point, but since I reseated everything I haven't had a
               | single issue. That was my fault, things happen. The
               | system is great.
               | 
               | More significantly, I see no difference in stability
               | between our Windows Server platform and Red Hat
               | Enterprise (Oracle) server platform at work either. Work
               | being one of the top 3 largest city governments in the
               | USA.
        
               | dagss wrote:
               | Not really disagreeing with you, but "staying up for
               | months" isn't a serious bar to clear, it really provides
               | no information in 2024 everything you can install should
               | clear that bar.
        
               | beginnings wrote:
               | its an accurate take, windows is a mess
               | 
               | didnt red hat have a massive DEI/anti white man scandal?
               | I wouldnt trust their products
               | 
               | the smartest people use and maintain Arch, ergo
               | everything should run on Arch for maximum stability
        
               | queuebert wrote:
               | I don't even think Linux is the definite answer. The
               | majority of these critical apps are just full-screen UIs
               | written in C, C++ or Java with minimal computing and
               | networking, so they could just as easily run on Qubes or
               | BSD without all the constant patching for dumb
               | vulnerabilities that still persist even though Windows is
               | 40 years old.
               | 
               | The problem is the middle management class at hospitals,
               | governments, etc., only know how to use Word and maybe
               | Excel, so they are comfortable with Microsoft, even
               | though it's objectively the worst option if you aren't
               | gaming. So then they make contracts with Microsoft and
               | all the computers run Windows, so all the app developers
               | have to write the apps for Windows.
        
               | codebolt wrote:
               | Meanwhile, I'm lucky if the laptop I installed Ubuntu on
               | will keep from crashing for over an hour of continuous
               | use.
        
             | OskarS wrote:
             | Can you say with a straight face that if you were designing
             | a system that had extremely high requirements of
             | reliability that you would choose Windows over Linux? Like,
             | all other things being equal? I'm sorry, but that would be
             | an insane choice.
        
               | cthalupa wrote:
               | Well, with the proliferation of systemd and all the
               | nightmares it's caused me over the past decade, I
               | actually might. But thankfully BSD is an option.
               | 
               | But Linux isn't immune from this exact sort of issue,
               | though - these overgrown antivirus solutions run as
               | kernel drivers in linux as well, and I have seen them
               | cause kernel panics.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | Well, yes? Of course, not the consumer deployment of
               | Windows. Part of ensuring reliability is establishing
               | contracts with suppliers that shift liability to them, so
               | they're incentivized to keep their stuff reliable. Can't
               | exactly do that with Linux (RHEL notiwthstanding) and
               | open source in general, which is why large enterprises
               | have been so reluctant to adopt them in the past - they
               | had to figure out how to fit OSS into the flow of
               | liability and responsibility.
        
               | bre1010 wrote:
               | I guess it depends whether you want your system to work,
               | or whether you just want it to be not your fault when it
               | breaks
        
               | jsz0 wrote:
               | It's not as straightforward of a choice as it may seem.
               | In theory Linux would be a better choice but there simply
               | isn't the infrastructure or IT staffing in place to
               | manage millions and millions of Linux desktops. I'm not
               | saying it can't be done but for various reasons it hasn't
               | been done and that's a major practical roadblock. Just
               | from a staffing perspective alone if you hand millions of
               | Linux desktops to life long Microsoftsies you're begging
               | for disaster.
        
               | OskarS wrote:
               | For sure, no question! There's a reason people choose
               | Microsoft. My question was narrower, just the question on
               | reliability (hence "all else being equal"). I don't think
               | you can say that, leaving aside issues like this, that
               | Windows is as or more reliable than Linux.
               | 
               | For instance, if you had to make deploy a mission
               | critical server, assuming cost and other software was the
               | same, would you choose Linux or Windows for reliability?
               | Of course you would choose Linux.
        
             | lawlessone wrote:
             | >Windows is high reliability.
             | 
             | Depends i think. When i was working as a super market
             | cashier the tils had embedded XP. in 2 or 3 years it rarely
             | had issues. The rare issues it did have were with the java
             | POS running on top.
             | 
             | Windows 10 for my home desktop crashed a lot more and just
             | seems to have gotten more "janky" with time.
        
         | basch wrote:
         | There are sooo many companies in the world, when snowflake or
         | crowdstrike or solarwinds has an issue, it's going to touch
         | every industry.
        
         | TeMPOraL wrote:
         | The people working in those professions are; their bosses and
         | their IT departments are not. IT security is treated as solved
         | problem - if you deploy enough well-known solutions that
         | prevent your employers from working, everything will be Safe
         | from CyberAttacks. There's an assumption of quality like you'd
         | normally have with drugs or food in the store. But this isn't
         | the case in this industry, doubly so in security. Quality
         | solutions are almost non-existent, so companies should learn to
         | operate under the principle of _caveat emptor_.
        
       | rboyd wrote:
       | Seems like a modern operating system would have an automatic
       | rollback mechanism for cases like this.
        
         | Kye wrote:
         | Windows has restore points that do this in the event of a
         | failed update, but this wasn't Windows.
        
       | tgtaptarget wrote:
       | In my org, none of the essential systems went down (those used by
       | labor). However all of management's individual PCs went down
       | which got me wondering... Is this the beginning (or continuation)
       | of whittling down what is "essential" human labor versus what
       | could be done remotely (or eliminated completely)?
       | 
       | Or perhaps Microsoft is just garbage and soon will be as
       | irrelevant as commercial real estate office parks and mega-call
       | centers
        
       | kubov wrote:
       | Were cloud providers (AWS and azure) so heavily impacted because
       | they use CS internally or because so many users use CS?
        
       | raphar wrote:
       | I want to see the internal postmortem of why this happened to
       | CrowdStrike (if they are still in business)
        
       | gonzo41 wrote:
       | Do people not have test environments?
        
       | tbatchelli wrote:
       | This event is predicted in Sydney Dekker's book "Drift into
       | Failure", which basically postulates that in order to prevent
       | local failure we setup failure prevention systems that increase
       | the complexity beyond our ability to handle, and introduce
       | systemic failures that are global. It's a sobering book to read
       | if you ever thought we could make systems fault tolerant.
        
         | COGlory wrote:
         | We need more local expertise is really the only answer. Any
         | organization that just outsources everything is prone to this.
         | Not that organizations that _don 't_ outsource aren't prone to
         | other things, but at least their failures will be asynchronous.
        
           | bjelkeman-again wrote:
           | Funny thing is that for decades there were predictions about
           | how there was a need for millions of more IT workers. It was
           | assumed one needed local knowledge in companies. Instead what
           | we got was more and more outsourced systems and centralized
           | services. This today is one of the many downsides.
        
             | downrightmike wrote:
             | Two weeks ago it was just about all car dealers
        
           | smsm42 wrote:
           | The problem here would be that there's not enough people who
           | can provide the level of protection a third-party vendor
           | claims to provide, and a person (or persons) with comparable
           | level of expertise would be much more expensive likely. So
           | companies who do their own IT would be routinely outcompeted
           | by ones that outsource, only for the latter to get into
           | trouble when the black swan swoops in. The problem is all
           | other kinds of companies are mostly extinct by then unless
           | their investors had some super-human foresight and discipline
           | to invest for years into something that year after year looks
           | like losing money.
        
             | brightlancer wrote:
             | > The problem here would be that there's not enough people
             | who can provide the level of protection a third-party
             | vendor claims to provide, and a person (or persons) with
             | comparable level of expertise would be much more expensive
             | likely.
             | 
             | Is that because of economies of scale or because the vendor
             | is just cutting costs while hiding their negligence?
             | 
             | I don't understand how a single vendor was able to deploy
             | an update to all of these systems virtually simultaneously,
             | and _that_ wasn't identified as a risk. This smells of
             | mindless box checking rather than sincere risk assessment
             | and security auditing.
        
               | downrightmike wrote:
               | the vendor is just cutting costs while hiding their
               | negligence?
               | 
               | That's how it works.
        
               | smsm42 wrote:
               | Kinda both I think, with an addition of principal agent
               | problem. If you found a formula that provides the client
               | with an acceptable CYA picture it is very scalable. And
               | the model of "IT person knowledgeable in both security,
               | modern threats and company's business" is not very
               | scalable. The former, as we now know, is prone to
               | catastrophic failures, but those are rare enough for a
               | particular decision-maker to not be bothered by it.
        
             | yeauldfellows wrote:
             | Depressing thought that this phenomena is some kind of Nash
             | equilibrium. That in the space of competition between
             | firms, the equilibrium is for companies to outsource IT
             | labor, saving on IT costs and passing that cost savings
             | onto whatever service they are providing. -> Firms that
             | outsource, out-compete their competition + expose their
             | services to black swan catastrophic risk. Is regulation
             | that only way out of this, from a game theory perspective?
        
               | slow_typist wrote:
               | Depressing, but a good way to think about it.
               | 
               | The whole market in which crowdstrike can exist is a
               | result of regulation, albeit bad regulation.
               | 
               | And since the returns of selling endpoint protection are
               | increasing with volume, the market can, over time, only
               | be an oligopoly or monopoly.
               | 
               | It is a screwed market with artificially increased
               | demand.
               | 
               | Also the outsourcing is not only about cost and
               | compliance. There is at least a third force. In a
               | situation like this, no CTO who bought crowdstrike
               | products will be blamed. He did what was considered best
               | industry practice (box ticking approach to security).
               | From their perspective it is risk mitigation.
               | 
               | In theory, since most of the security incidents (not this
               | one) involve the loss of personal customer data, if end
               | customers would be willing to a pay a premium for proper
               | handling of their data, AND if firms that don't outsource
               | and instead pay for competent administrators within their
               | hierarchy had a means of signaling that, the equilibrium
               | could be pushed to where you would like it to be.
               | 
               | Those are two very questionable ifs.
               | 
               | Also how do you recognise a competent administrator (even
               | IT companies have problems with that), and how many are
               | available in your area (you want them to live in the
               | vicinity) even if you are willing to pay them like the
               | most senior devs?
               | 
               | If you want to regulate the problem away, a lot of
               | influencing factors have to be considered.
        
         | mym1990 wrote:
         | Many systems are fault tolerant, and many systems can be made
         | fault tolerant. But once you drift into a level of complexity
         | spawned by many levels of dependencies, it definitely becomes
         | more difficult for system A to understand the threats from
         | system B and so on.
        
           | tbatchelli wrote:
           | Do you know of any fault tolerant system? Asking because in
           | all the cases I know, when we make a system "fault tolerant"
           | we increase the complexity and we introduce new systemic
           | failure modes related to our fault-tolerant-making-system,
           | making them effectively non fault tolerant.
           | 
           | In all the cases I know, we traded frequent and localized
           | failure for infrequent but globalized catastrophic failures.
           | Like in this case.
        
             | lucianbr wrote:
             | You can make a system tolerant to certain faults. Other
             | faults are left "untolerated".
             | 
             | A system that can tolerate anything, so have perfect
             | availability, seems clearly impossible. So yeah, totally
             | right, it's always a tradeoff. That's reasonable, as long
             | as you trade smart.
             | 
             | I wonder if the people deciding to install Crowdstrike are
             | aware of this. If they traded intentionally, and this is
             | something they accepted, I guess it's fine. If not... I
             | further wonder if they will change anything in the
             | aftermath.
        
               | mym1990 wrote:
               | There will be lawsuits, there will be negotiations for
               | better contracts, and likely there will be processes put
               | in place to make it look like something was done at a
               | deeper level. And yet this will happen again next year or
               | the year after, at another company. I would be surprised
               | if there was a risk assessment for the software that is
               | supposed to be the answer _to_ the risk assessment in the
               | first place. Will be interesting to see what happens once
               | the dust settles.
        
             | slt2021 wrote:
             | - This is system has a single point of failure, it is not
             | fault tolerant. Lets introduce these three things to make
             | it fault-tolerant       - Now you have three single points
             | of failure...
        
               | intelVISA wrote:
               | That makes it three times as durable...
               | 
               | ...right?
        
             | mym1990 wrote:
             | It really depends on the size of the system and the
             | definition of fault tolerance. If I have a website calling
             | out to 10 APIs and one API failure takes down the site,
             | that is not fault tolerance. If that 1 API failure gets
             | caught and the rest operate as normal, that is fault
             | tolerance, but 10% of the system is down. If you go to
             | almost any site and open the dev console, you'll see errors
             | coming from parts of the system, that is fault tolerance.
             | Any twin engine airplane is fault tolerant...until both
             | engines fail. I would say the solar system is fault
             | tolerant, the universe even moreso if you consider it a
             | system.
             | 
             | tldr there are levels to fault tolerance and I understand
             | what you are saying. I am not sure if you are advocating
             | for getting rid of fault handling, but generally you can
             | mitigate the big scary monsters and what is left is the
             | really edge case issues, and there really is no stopping
             | one of those from time to time given we live in a world
             | where anything can happen at anytime.
             | 
             | This instance really seems like a human related error
             | around deployment standards...and humans will always make
             | mistakes.
        
               | tbatchelli wrote:
               | well, you usually put a load balancer and multiple
               | instances of your service to handle individual server
               | failures. In a basic no-lb case, your single server
               | fails, you restart it and move on (local failure). In a
               | load balancer case, your lb introduces its own global
               | risks e.g. the load balancer can itself fail, which you
               | can restart, but the load balancer can have a bug and
               | stop handling sticky sessions when your servers are
               | relying on it, and now you have a much harder to track
               | brown-out event that is affecting every one of your users
               | for a longer time, it's hard to diagnose, might end up
               | with hard to fix data issues and transactions, and
               | restarting the whole might not be enough.
               | 
               | So yeah, there is no fault tolerance if the timeframe is
               | large enough, there are just less events, with much
               | higher costs. It's a tradeoff.
               | 
               | The cynical in me thinks that the one advantage of these
               | complex CYA systems is that when systems fail
               | catastrophically like CrowdStrike did, we can all
               | "outsource" the blame to them.
        
         | notNNT wrote:
         | Also a major point in the Black Swan. In the Black Swan, Taleb
         | describes that it is better for banks to fail more often than
         | for them to be protected from any adversity. Eventually they
         | will become "too big to fail". If something is too big to fail,
         | you are fragile to a catastrophic failure.
        
           | UniverseHacker wrote:
           | I was wondering when someone would bring up Taleb RE: this
           | incident.
           | 
           | I know you aren't saying it is, but I think Taleb would argue
           | that this incident, as he did with the coronavirus pandemic
           | for example, isn't even a Black Swan event. It was extremely
           | easy to predict, and you had a large number of experts
           | warning people about it for years but being ignored. A Black
           | Swan is unpredictable and unexpected, not something totally
           | predictable that you decided not to prepare for anyways.
        
             | realNNT wrote:
             | That is interesting, where does he talk about this? I'm
             | curious to hear his reasoning. What I remember from the
             | Black Swan is that Black Swan events are (1) rare, (2) have
             | a non-linear/massive impact, (3) and easy to predict
             | retrospectively. That is, a lot of people will say "of
             | course that happened" after the fact but were never too
             | concerned about it beforehand.
             | 
             | Apart from a few doomsdayers I am not aware of anybody was
             | warning us about a crowd strike type of event. I do not
             | know much about public health but it was my understanding
             | that there were playbooks for an epidemic.
             | 
             | Even if we had a proper playbook (and we likely do), the
             | failure is so distributed that one would need a lot of
             | books and a lot of incident commanders to fix the problem.
             | We are dead in the water.
        
             | yeauldfellows wrote:
             | I think Grey Rhino is the term to use. Risks that we can
             | see and acknowledge yet do nothing about.
        
           | nurbl wrote:
           | "Antifragile" is even more focused around this.
        
         | jessriedel wrote:
         | It's also in line with arguments made by Ted Kaczynski (the
         | Unabomber)
         | 
         | > Why must everything collapse? Because, [Kaczynski] says,
         | natural-selection-like competition only works when competing
         | entities have scales of transport and talk that are much less
         | than the scale of the entire system within which they compete.
         | That is, things can work fine when bacteria who each move and
         | talk across only meters compete across an entire planet. The
         | failure of one bacteria doesn't then threaten the planet. But
         | when competing systems become complex and coupled on global
         | scales, then there are always only a few such systems that
         | matter, and breakdowns often have global scopes.
         | 
         | https://www.overcomingbias.com/p/kaczynskis-collapse-theoryh...
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-Tech_Revolution
        
           | localfirst wrote:
           | crazy how much he was right. if he hadn't gone down the path
           | of violence out of self-loathing and anger he might have
           | lived to see a huge audience and following.
        
             | washadjeffmad wrote:
             | I suppose we wouldn't know whether an audience for those
             | ideas exists today because they would be blacklisted,
             | deplatformed, or deamplified by consolidated authorities.
             | 
             | There was a quote last year during the "Twitter files"
             | hearing, something like, "it is axiomatic that the
             | government cannot do indirectly what it is prohibited from
             | doing directly".
             | 
             | Perhaps ironically, I had a difficult time using Google to
             | find the exact wording of the quote or its source. The only
             | verbatim result was from a NYPost article about the
             | hearing.
        
               | smsm42 wrote:
               | > it is axiomatic that the government cannot do
               | indirectly what it is prohibited from doing directly
               | 
               | Turns out SCOTUS decided it isn't, and the government is
               | free to do exactly that as long as they are using the
               | services of an intermediary.
        
               | stevenally wrote:
               | "would be blacklisted, deplatformed, or deamplified by
               | consolidated authorities"
               | 
               | Sorry. Not true. You have Black Swan (Taleb) and Drift
               | into Failure (Dekker) among many other books. These ideas
               | are very well known to anyone who makes the effort.
        
               | nemothekid wrote:
               | > _I suppose we wouldn 't know whether an audience for
               | those ideas exists today because they would be
               | blacklisted, deplatformed, or deamplified by consolidated
               | authorities._
               | 
               | Be realistic, none his ideas would be blacklisted. They
               | sound good on paper, but the instant it's time for
               | everyone to return to mudhuts and farming, 99% of people
               | will return to Playstations and ACs.
               | 
               | He wasn't "silenced" because the government was out to
               | get him, no one talks about his ideas because they are
               | just bad. Most people will give up on ecofascism once you
               | tell them that you won't be able to eat strawberries out
               | of season.
        
               | p_l wrote:
               | The only thing that got Unabomber blacklisted is that he
               | started to send bombs to people. His manifesto was dime a
               | dozen, half the time you can expect politician boosting
               | such stuff for temporary polling wins.
               | 
               | Hell, if we take his alleged (don't have vetted the
               | genealogy tree) cousins, his body count isn't even that
               | impressive.
        
             | wood-porch wrote:
             | Being the subject of psychological experiments at Harvard
             | probably did a number on him
        
         | ricardo81 wrote:
         | I haven't read it, but I'd take a leap to presume it's
         | somewhere between the people that say "C is unsafe" and "some
         | other language takes care of all of things".
         | 
         | Basically delegation.
        
         | smsm42 wrote:
         | Just yesterday listened to a lecture by Moshe Vardi which
         | covers adjacent topics:
         | 
         | https://simons.berkeley.edu/events/lessons-texas-covid-19-73...
        
         | joe_the_user wrote:
         | I think it was "predicted" by Sunburst, the Solarwinds hack.
         | 
         | I don't think centrally distributed anti-virus software is the
         | only way to maintain reliability. Instead, I'd say companies to
         | centralize anything like administration since it's cost
         | effective and because they actually aren't concerned about
         | global outage like this.
         | 
         | JM Keynes said "A 'sound' banker, alas! is not one who foresees
         | danger and avoids it, but one who, when he is ruined, is ruined
         | in a conventional and orthodox way along with his fellows, so
         | that no one can really blame him." and the same goes for
         | corporate IT.
        
         | akira2501 wrote:
         | > we setup failure prevention systems
         | 
         | You can't prevent failure. You can only mitigate the impact.
         | Biology has pretty good answers as to how to achieve this
         | without having to increase complexity as a result, in fact, it
         | often shows that simpler systems increase resilliency.
         | 
         | Something we used to understand until OS vendors became
         | publicly traded companies and "important to national security"
         | somehow.
        
         | jjav wrote:
         | > if you ever thought we could make systems fault tolerant
         | 
         | The only possible way to fault tolerancy is simplicity and then
         | more simplicity.
         | 
         | Things like crowsdtrike have the opposite approach. Add a lot
         | of fragile complexity attempting to catch problems, but
         | introducing more attack surfaces than they can remove. This
         | will never succeed.
        
         | ryukoposting wrote:
         | As an architect of secure, real-time systems, the hardest
         | lesson I had to learn is there's no such thing as a secure,
         | real-time system in the absolute sense. Don't tell my boss.
        
         | oneepic wrote:
         | I think a surprising amount of people already share this view,
         | even if they don't go into extensive treatment with references
         | like Dekker presumably does (I haven't read it).
         | 
         | I suspect most people in power just don't subscribe to that.
         | which is precisely why it's systemic to see the engineer
         | shouting "no!" when John CEO says "we're doing it anyway." I'm
         | not sure this is something you can just teach, because the
         | audience definitely has reservations about adopting it.
        
       | cjbgkagh wrote:
       | Due to the scale I think it's reasonable to state that in all
       | likelihood many people have died because of this. Sure it might
       | be hard to attribute single cases but statistically I would
       | expect to see a general increase in probability.
       | 
       | I used to work at MS and didn't like their 2:1 test to dev ratio
       | or their 0:1 ratio either and wish they spent more work on
       | verification and improved processes instead of relying on testing
       | - especially their current test in production approach. They got
       | sloppy and this was just a matter of time. And god I hate their
       | forced updates, it's a huge hole in the threat model, basically
       | letting in children who like to play with matches.
       | 
       | My important stuff is basically air-gapped. There is a gateway
       | but it'll only accept incoming secure sockets with a pinned
       | certificate and only a predefined in-house protocol on that
       | socket. No other traffic allowed. The thing is designed to
       | gracefully degrade with the idea that it'll keep working
       | unattended for decades, the software should basically work
       | forever so long as equivalent replacement hardware could be
       | found.
        
         | Supermancho wrote:
         | > And god I hate their forced updates,
         | 
         | My windows machine notified me of the update, asked me to
         | restart. I was busy, so I didn't. Then the news broke, then the
         | update was rolled back.
        
           | vel0city wrote:
           | It wasn't a Windows update. If you got a notification for an
           | update, it wasn't the update that did this.
        
         | dtech wrote:
         | I don't see what this has to much do with MS. A bad proprietary
         | kernel module can crash any OS.
        
           | cjbgkagh wrote:
           | I don't know the specifics of this case, but formal
           | verification of machine code is an option. Sure it's hard and
           | doesn't scale well but if it's required then vendors will
           | learn to make smaller kernel modules.
           | 
           | If something cannot be formally verified at the machine code
           | level there should be a controls level verification where
           | vendors demonstrate they have a process in place to achieving
           | correctness by construction.
           | 
           | Driver devs can be quite sloppy and copy paste bad code from
           | the internet, in the machine code Microsoft can detect
           | specific instances of known copy and pasted code and knows
           | how to patch it. I know they did this for at least one common
           | error. But if I was in the business of delivering an OS I
           | want people to rely on my OS this stuff formal verification
           | at some level would be table stakes.
        
             | Analemma_ wrote:
             | I thought Microsoft _did_ use formal verification for
             | kernel-mode drivers and that this was supposed to be
             | impossible. Is it only for their first-party code?
        
               | cjbgkagh wrote:
               | I wasn't privy to the extent it was used, if this was
               | formally verified to be correct and still caused this
               | problem then that really would be something. I'm guessing
               | given the size and scope of an antivirus kernel module
               | that they may have had to make an exception but then
               | didn't do enough controls checking.
        
               | speuleralert wrote:
               | No, I believe 3rd party driver developers must pass
               | Hardware Lab Kit testing for their drivers to be properly
               | signed. This testing includes a suite of Driver Verifier
               | passes that are done, but this is not formal verification
               | in the mathematical sense of the term.
        
           | falcor84 wrote:
           | No other OS forces an auto-restart.
        
             | smsm42 wrote:
             | Well, not the OS, per se, but macos updating mechanisms
             | have auto-restart path, and I imagine any Linux update that
             | touches the kernel can be configured in that way too. It's
             | more the admin's decision then OS's but on all common
             | systems auto-restart is part of the menu too.
        
             | nonfamous wrote:
             | No restart was needed to cause this crash. As soon as
             | Falcon downloads the updated .sys file ... BOOM.
        
           | philistine wrote:
           | I blame Microsoft in the larger sense; they still allow
           | kernel extensions for use cases that Apple has shown could be
           | moved outside the kernel.
        
           | SAI_Peregrinus wrote:
           | An immutable OS can be set up to revert to the previous
           | version if a change causes a boot failure. Or even a COW
           | filesystem with snapshots when changes are applied. Hell,
           | Microsoft's own "System Restore" capability could do this, if
           | MS provided default-on support for creating system restore
           | points automatically when system files are changed &
           | restoring after boot failures.
        
             | zanellato19 wrote:
             | Right, an OS completely crashing like this is the fault of
             | the OS and the problematic code.
             | 
             | An OS should be really resistant to this kind of things.
        
             | wantsanagent wrote:
             | What's funny to me is that in college we had our computer
             | lab set up such that every computer could be quickly
             | reverted to a good working state just by rebooting. Every
             | boot was from a static known good image, and any changes
             | made while the computer was on were just stored as an
             | overlay on a separate disk. People installed all manner of
             | software that crashed the machines, but they always came
             | back up. To make any lasting changes to the machine you had
             | to have a physical key. So with the right _kind_ of
             | paranoia you can build systems that are resilient to any
             | harmful changes.
        
             | gtirloni wrote:
             | What other OS besides recent CoreOS/Silverblue/etc does
             | this auto-restore of system files automatically?
        
           | ltadeut wrote:
           | MS could've leaned more towards user-space kernel drivers
           | though. Apple has been going in that direction for a while
           | and I haven't seem much of that (if anything) coming from MS.
           | 
           | That would have prevented a bad driver from taking down a
           | device.
        
             | nothercastle wrote:
             | Well we all know where Microsoft is in security... even the
             | government acknowledges it's terrible
        
             | sgjohnson wrote:
             | Apple created their own filesystem to make this possible.
             | 
             | The system volume is signed by Apple. If the signature on
             | boot doesn't match, it won't boot.
             | 
             | When the system is booted, it's in read-only mode, no way
             | to write anything to it.
             | 
             | If you bork it, you can simply reinstall macOS in place,
             | without any data/application loss at all.
             | 
             | Of course, if you're a tinkerer, you can disable both, the
             | SIP, and the signature validation, but that cannot be done
             | from user-space. You'll need to boot into recovery mode to
             | achieve that.
             | 
             | I don't think there's anything in NTFS or REFS that would
             | allow for this approach. Especially when you account for
             | the wide variety of setups on which an NTFS partition might
             | sit on. With MBR, you're just SOL instantly.
             | 
             | Apple hardware on the other hand has been EFI (GPT) only
             | for at least 15 years.
        
         | Salgat wrote:
         | I love their forced updates, because if you know what you're
         | doing you can disable them, and if you don't know what you're
         | doing, well you shouldn't be disabling updates to begin with. I
         | think people forget how virus infested and bug addled Windows
         | used to be before they enforced updates. People wouldn't update
         | for years and then bitch how bad Windows was, when obviously
         | the issue wasn't Windows at that point.
        
           | cjbgkagh wrote:
           | Ignoring all of the other approaches to that problem I wonder
           | if this update will take the record for most damage done by a
           | single virus/update. At some point the 'cure' might be worse
           | than the disease. If it were up to me I would be suggesting
           | different cures.
        
           | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
           | If the user wants to boot an older, known-insecure, version
           | so that they can continue taking 911 calls or scheduling
           | surgeries... I say let 'em. Whether to exercise this
           | capability should be a decision for each IT department, not
           | imposed by Microsoft on to their whole swarm.
        
             | philistine wrote:
             | Microsoft totally lets them. If you use any Enterprise
             | version of Windows, the company can disable updates, but
             | not the user.
        
               | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
               | No, after the fact. Where's the prompt at boot-time which
               | asks you if you want to load yesterday's known-good
               | state, or today's recently-updated state?
               | 
               | It's missing because users are not to be trusted with
               | such things, and that's a philosophy with harmful
               | consequences.
        
               | bentcorner wrote:
               | Isn't this in the boot options?
               | 
               | https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/advanced-
               | startup...
               | 
               | > Last Known Good Configuration (advanced). Starts
               | Windows with the last registry and driver configuration
               | that worked successfully.
        
               | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
               | I don't have any affected systems to test with, but I'd
               | be pretty surprised if that were an effective mechanism
               | for un-breaking the crowdstruck machines. Registry and
               | driver configuration is a rather small part of the
               | picture.
               | 
               | And I don't think that's an accident either. Microsoft is
               | not interested in providing end users with the kind of
               | rollback functionality that you see in Linux (you can
               | just pick which kernel to boot to) because you can get
               | less money by empowering your users and more money by
               | cooperating with people who want to spy on them.
        
               | vetinari wrote:
               | 1) It is not enterprise version of Windows; it is any
               | version capable of GPO (so Pro applies too, Home
               | doesn't).
               | 
               | 2) it is not disabling them; it is approving or rejecting
               | them (or even holding up the decision indefinitely).
               | 
               | You can do that too, via WSUS. It is not reserved to
               | large enterprises, as I've seen claimed several times in
               | this thread. It is available to anyone, who has Windows
               | Server in their network and is willing to install the
               | WSUS role here.
        
             | monkmartinez wrote:
             | We took 911 calls all night, I was up listening to the
             | radio all night for my unit to be called. The problem was
             | the dispatching software didn't work so we used paper and
             | pen. Glory Days!!!!
        
             | Salgat wrote:
             | Again, this is something the sysadmin can configure. Reread
             | my comment.
        
               | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
               | It doesn't really matter to me that it's possible to
               | configure your way out of Microsoft's botnet. They've
               | created a culture of around Windows that is
               | insufficiently concerned with user consent, a consequence
               | of which is that the actions of a dubiously trusted few
               | have impacts that are too far and wide for comfort,
               | impacts which cannot be mitigated by the users.
               | 
               | The power to intrude on our systems and run arbitrary
               | code aggregates in the hands of people that we don't know
               | unless we're clever enough to intervene. That's not
               | something to be celebrated. It's creepy and we should be
               | looking for a better way.
               | 
               | We should be looking for something involving explicit
               | trust which, when revoked at a given timestamp, undoes
               | the actions of the newly-distrusted party following that
               | timestamp, even if that party is Microsoft or cloudstrike
               | or your sysadmin.
               | 
               | Sure, maybe the "sysadmin" is good natured Chuck on the
               | other side of the cube partition: somebody that you can
               | hit with a nerf dart. But maybe they're a hacker on the
               | other side of the planet and they've just locked your
               | whole country out of their autonomous tractors. No way to
               | be sure, so let's just not engage in that model for
               | control in the first place. Lets make things that respect
               | their users.
        
               | Salgat wrote:
               | I'm specifically talking about security updates here.
               | Vehicles have the same requirement with forced OTA
               | updates. Remember, every compromised computer is just one
               | more computer spreading malware and being used for DDOS.
        
         | zzyzxd wrote:
         | At one company I used to work for, we had boring, airgapped
         | systems that just worked all the time, until one day security
         | team demanded that we must install this endpoint security
         | software. Usually, they would fight tooth and nail to prevent
         | devs from giving any in-house program any network access, but
         | they didn't even blink once to give internet access to those
         | airgapped systems because CrowdStrike agents need to talk to
         | their mothership in AWS. It's all good, it's for better
         | security!
         | 
         | It never caught any legit threat, but constantly flagged our
         | own code. Our devs talked to security every other week to
         | explain why this new line of code is not a threat. It generated
         | a lot of work and security team's headcount just exploded. The
         | software checked a lot of security checkboxes, and our CISO can
         | sleep better at night, so I guess end of day it's all worth it.
        
           | seniorThrowaway wrote:
           | >It never caught any legit threat, but constantly flagged our
           | own code
           | 
           | When I worked in large enterprise it got to the point that if
           | a piece of my app infrastructure started acting weird the
           | blackbox security agents on the machines were the first thing
           | I suspected. Can't tell you how many times they've blocked
           | legit traffic or blown up a host by failing to install an
           | update or logging it to death. Best part is when I would
           | reach out to the teams responsible for the agents they would
           | always blame us, saying we didn't update, or weren't managing
           | logs etc. Mind you these agents were not installed or managed
           | by us in any way, were supposed to auto update, and nothing
           | else on the system outran the logrotate utility. Large
           | enterprise IT security is all about checking boxes and
           | generating paperwork and jobs. Most of the people I've
           | interacted with on it have never even logged into a system or
           | cloud console. By the end I took to openly calling them the
           | compliance team instead of the security team.
        
           | cjbgkagh wrote:
           | I know I've lost tenders due to not using a pre-approved
           | anti-virus vendors which really does suck and has impinged
           | the growth of my company, but since I'm responsible for the
           | security it helps me sleep at night. This morning I woke up
           | to a bunch of emails and texts asking me if my systems have
           | been impacted by this and it was nice to be able to
           | confidently write back that we're completely unaffected.
           | 
           | I day-dream about being able to use immutable unikernels
           | running on hypervisors so that even if something was to get
           | past a gateway there would be no way to modify the system to
           | work in a way that was not intended.
           | 
           | Air-gapping with a super locked down gateway was already
           | getting more popular precisely due to the forced updates
           | threat surface area, and after today I expect it to be even
           | more popular. At the very least I'll be able to point to this
           | instance when explaining the rational behind the architecture
           | which could help in getting exemptions from the antivirus box
           | ticking exercise.
        
         | RajT88 wrote:
         | This is almost definitely on Crowdstrike.
         | 
         | There is a windows release preview channel that exists for
         | finding issues like this ahead of time.
         | 
         | To be fair - it is possible the conflicting OS update did not
         | make it to that channel. It is also possible it is due to an
         | embarassing bug from MSFT (uknown as yet).
         | 
         | Until I hear that this is the case - I am pinning this on
         | Crowdstrike. This should have been caught before prod.
        
           | cjbgkagh wrote:
           | Even if this is entirely due to Crowdstrike I see it as
           | Microsofts failure to properly police their market.
           | 
           | There is the correctness by testing vs correctness by
           | construction dynamic and in my view given the scale of
           | interactions between an OS and the kernel modules trying to
           | achieve correctness by testing is negligent. Even at the
           | market scale Microsoft has there are not enough Windows
           | computers to preview test every combination. Especially when
           | taking into account the people on the preview ring have
           | different behaviors to those on the mainline so many
           | combinations simply won't appear in the preview.
           | 
           | I see it as Microsoft owning the Windows kernel module space
           | and has allowed sloppiness by third parties and themselves, I
           | don't know the specifics but I could easily believe that this
           | is a due to a bug from Microsoft. The problem with allowing
           | such sloppiness is that the slopy operators out compete the
           | responsible operators, the bad pushes out the good until only
           | the bad remains. A sloppy developer can push more code and
           | gets promoted while the careful developer gets fired.
        
             | RajT88 wrote:
             | There's not enough public information about it - but taking
             | this talking point at face value, Microsoft _did_ sign
             | their kernel driver in order for it to be able to do this
             | kind of damage. It 's not publicly documented what all
             | validation they do as part of the certification and signing
             | process:
             | 
             | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-
             | hardware/drivers/i...
             | 
             | The damage may have been done in a dependency which was not
             | signed by Microsoft. Who knows? Hopefully we'll find out.
             | 
             | In general, a fair amount of the bad behavior of windows
             | devices since Vista has been really about poorly written
             | drivers misbehaving, so there appears to be value in that
             | talking point. All the Vista crashes after release
             | (according to some sources, 30% of all Vista crashes after
             | release were due to NVidia drivers), notably, and more
             | recently if you've ever tried to put your Windows laptop to
             | sleep, and discovered when you take it out of your bag that
             | it had promptly woken back up and cooked itself into having
             | a dead battery. (Drivers not properly supporting sleep
             | mode) WHQL has some things to answer for for sure.
        
               | cjbgkagh wrote:
               | Microsoft can prevent this and they should have prevented
               | this, that they did not prevent this in the past does not
               | make it any better.
        
               | RajT88 wrote:
               | Crowdstrike has released the detail that the bad files
               | were configuration data.
               | 
               | It is their fault, not Microsoft's. The driver was fine.
        
         | satisfice wrote:
         | As a tester, I'm frustrated by how little support testing gets
         | in this industry. You can't blame bad testing if it's
         | impossible to get reasonable time and cooperation to do more
         | than a perfunctory job.
        
       | nimbius wrote:
       | I work for a diesel truck repair facility and just locked up the
       | doors after a 40 minute day :( .
       | 
       | - lifts wont operate.
       | 
       | - cant disarm the building alarms. (have been blaring nonstop...)
       | 
       | - cranes are all locked in standby/return/err.
       | 
       | - laser aligners are all offline.
       | 
       | - lathe hardware runs but controllers are all down.
       | 
       | - cant email suppliers.
       | 
       | - phones are all down.
       | 
       | - HVAC is also down for some reason (its getting hot in here.)
       | 
       | the police drove by and told us to close up for the day since we
       | dont have 911 either.
       | 
       | alarms for the building are all offline/error so we chained
       | things as best we could (might drive by a few times today.)
       | 
       | we dont know how many orders we have, we dont even know whos on
       | schedule or if we will get paid.
        
         | shoebham wrote:
         | wow, why do lifts require an OS?
        
           | warkdarrior wrote:
           | How else are you going to update your grocery list while
           | operating the lift?
        
           | kulikalov wrote:
           | the question is - why lifts require windows?
        
             | rudasn wrote:
             | Well, how else is the operator supposed to see outside?
        
               | Bluestein wrote:
               | Heh ...
        
             | Tempat wrote:
             | The question is, why do lifts require Crowdstrike?
        
               | freehorse wrote:
               | The question is, why do lifts require internet connection
               | on top of the rest.
        
               | richev wrote:
               | In my office, when we swipe our entry cards at the
               | security gates, a screen at the gate tells us which lift
               | to take based on the floor we work on, and sets the lift
               | to go to that floor. It's all connected.
        
               | _heimdall wrote:
               | In the context of a diesel repair shop, he likely was
               | referring to fork lifts or vehicle lifts rather than
               | elevators.
        
               | em3rgent0rdr wrote:
               | This doesn't require an internet, just a LAN.
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | Remote monitoring and maintenance. Predictive
               | maintenance, monitor certain parameters of operation and
               | get maintenance done before lift stops operating.
        
               | Arch-TK wrote:
               | It's a car lift. Not only would it be irresponsible to
               | rely on a computer to tell you when you should maintain
               | it, as some inspections can only be done visually, it
               | seems totally pointless as most inspections need to be
               | done manually.
               | 
               | Get a reminder on your calendar to do a thorough
               | inspection once a day/week (whatever is appropriate) and
               | train your employees what to look for every time it's
               | used. At the end of the day, a car lift on locks is not
               | going to fail unless there's a weakness in the metal
               | structure, no computer is going to tell you about this
               | unless there's a really expensive sensor network and I
               | highly doubt any of the car lifts in question have such a
               | sensor network.
               | 
               | Moreover, even if they did have such a sensor network,
               | why are these machines able to call out to the internet?
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | Some idiot with college degree in office no-where near
               | the place sees that we have these PCs here. And then they
               | go over compliance list and mandate this is needed. Now
               | go install it and the network there...
        
               | gtirloni wrote:
               | Or they want to protect their Windows-operated lifts from
               | very real and life threatening events like an attacker
               | jumping from host to host until they are able to lock the
               | lifts and put people lives at risk or cause major
               | inconveniences.
               | 
               | Not all security is done by stupid people. Crowdstrike
               | messed up in many ways. It doesn't make the company that
               | trusted them stupid for what they were trying to achieve.
        
               | Arch-TK wrote:
               | Why are the lifts networked or on a network which can
               | route to the internet?
               | 
               | This is a car lift. It really doesn't need a computer to
               | begin with. I've never seen one with a computer. WTF?
        
               | gtirloni wrote:
               | For the same reason people want to automate their homes,
               | or the industries run with lots of robots, etc: because
               | it increases productivity. The repair shop could be
               | monitoring for usage, for adequate performance of
               | hydraulics, long-term performance statistics, some 3rd-
               | party gets notified to fix it before it's totally
               | unusable, etc.
               | 
               | I have a friend that is a car mechanic. The amount of
               | automation he works with is fascinating.
               | 
               | Sure, lifts and whatnot should be in a separate network,
               | etc, but even banks and federal agencies screw up network
               | security routinely. Expecting top-tier security posture
               | from repair shops is unrealistic. So yes, they will
               | install a security agent on their Windows machines
               | because it looks like a good idea (it really is) without
               | having the faintest clue about all the implications.
               | C'est la vie.
        
               | Arch-TK wrote:
               | But what are you automating? It's a car lift, you need to
               | be standing next to it to safely operate it. You can't
               | remotely move it, it's too dangerous. Most of the things
               | which can go wrong with a car lift require a physical
               | inspection and for things like hydraulic pressure you can
               | just put a dial indicator which can be inspected by the
               | user. Heck, you can even put electronic safety interlocks
               | without needing an internet connection.
               | 
               | There are lots of difficult problems when it comes to car
               | repair, but cloud lift monitoring is not something I've
               | ever heard anyone ask for.
               | 
               | The things you're describing are all salesman sales-pitch
               | tactics, they're random shit which sound good if you're
               | trying to sell a product, but they're all stuff nobody
               | actually uses once they have the product.
               | 
               | It's like a six in one shoe horn. It has a screw driver,
               | flash light, ruler, bottle opener, and letter opener. If
               | you're just looking at two numbers and you see regular
               | shoe horn PS5, six in one shoe horn PS10 then you might
               | blindly think you're getting more for your money. But at
               | the end of the day, I find it highly unlikely you'll ever
               | use it for anything other than to put tight shoes on.
        
               | DougN7 wrote:
               | I imagine something keeps monitors how many times the
               | lift has gone up and down for maintenance reasons. Maybe
               | a nice model monitors fluid pressure in the hydraulics to
               | watch for leaks. Perhaps a model watches strain, or
               | balance, to prevent a catastrophic failure. Maybe those
               | are just sensors but if they can't report their values
               | they shutdown for safety's sake. There are all kinds of
               | reasonable scenarios that don't rely on bad people trying
               | to screw or cheat someone.
        
               | pishpash wrote:
               | Crowdstrike _is_ malware and spyware. Trusting one
               | malware to control another is your problem right there.
               | It will always blow up in your face.
        
               | nmz wrote:
               | I mean... the beginning of mission impossible 1 should
               | tell you.
        
             | throwaway48476 wrote:
             | The same reason everyone just uses a microcontroller on
             | everything. It's like a universal glue and you can develop
             | in the same environment you ship. Makes it easy.
        
           | thedrbrian wrote:
           | Why do lathes , cranes and laser alignment systems need a new
           | copy of windows?
        
             | Kirth wrote:
             | and why do they run spyware?
        
               | recursive wrote:
               | Probably because some fraction of lift manufacturer's
               | customer base has a compliance checklist requiring it.
        
             | olyjohn wrote:
             | Lathes probably have PCs connected to them to control them,
             | and do CNC stuff (he did say the controllers). Laser
             | alignment machines all have PCs connected to them these
             | days.
             | 
             | The cranes and lifts though... I've never heard of them
             | being networked or controlled by a computer. Usually it's a
             | couple buttons connected to the motors and that's it. But
             | maybe they have some monitoring systems in them?
        
               | p_l wrote:
               | Off then top of my head, based on limited experience in
               | industrial automation:
               | 
               | - maintenance monitoring data shipping to centralised
               | locations
               | 
               | - computer based HMI system - there might be good old
               | manual control but it might require unreasonable amounts
               | of extra work per work order
               | 
               | - Centralised control system - instead of using panel
               | specific to lift, you might be controlling bunch of tools
               | from common panel
               | 
               | - integration with other tools, starting from things as
               | simple as pulling up manufacturers' service manual to
               | check for details to doing things like automatically
               | raising the lift to position appropriate for work order
               | involving other (possibly also automated) tools with
               | adjustments based on the vehicle you're lifting
               | 
               | There could be more.
        
             | Prickle wrote:
             | Very likely they use a manufacturing execution system like
             | Dassault's DELMIA or Siemens MES.
             | 
             | These systems are intended to allow local control of a
             | factory, or cloud based global control of manufacturing.
             | 
             | They can connect to individual PLC(Programmable Logic
             | Controller) which handles the actual equipment.
             | 
             | They connect to a LAN network, or to the internet. So they
             | naturally need some form of security.
             | 
             | They could use Windows Server, Redhat Linux, etc. but they
             | need some form of security. Which is how controller would
             | be affected.
             | 
             | Usually you can just set them to manual though...
        
             | NegativeK wrote:
             | CNC machine tools can track use, maintenance, etc via the
             | network. You can also push programs to them for your parts.
             | 
             | The need a new copy of Windows because running an old copy
             | on a network is a worse idea.
        
               | bschwindHN wrote:
               | This blows my mind because none of this requires windows,
               | or a desktop OS at all.
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | Remember that CNC is programming environment. Now how do
               | actually see what program is loaded? Or where is the
               | execution at the moment? For anything beyond few lines of
               | text on dotmatrix screen actual OS starts to be come
               | desirable.
               | 
               | And all things considered, Windows is not that bad
               | option. Anything else would also have issues. And really
               | what is your other option some outdated, unmaintained
               | Android? Does your hardware vendor offer long term
               | support for Linux?
               | 
               | Windows actually offers extremely good long term support
               | quite often.
        
               | cjbillington wrote:
               | > Does your hardware vendor offer long term support for
               | Linux?
               | 
               | This seems muddled. If the CNC manufacturer puts Linux on
               | an embedded device to operate the CNC, they're the
               | hardware manufacturer and it's up to them to pick a chip
               | that's likely to work with future Linuxes if they want to
               | be able to update it in the future. Are you asking if the
               | chip manufacturer offers long-term-support for Linux?
               | It's usually the other way around, whether Linux will
               | support the chip. And the answer, generally, is "yes,
               | Linux works on your chip. Oh you're going to use another
               | chip? yes, Linux works on that too". This is not really
               | something to worry about. Unless you're making very
               | strange, esoteric choices, Linux runs on everything.
               | 
               | But that still seems muddled. Long-term support? How long
               | are we talking? Putting an old Linux kernel on an
               | embedded device and just never updating it once it's in
               | the field is totally viable. The Linux kernel itself is
               | extremely backwards compatible, and it's often irrelevant
               | which version you're using in an embedded device. The
               | "firmware upgrades" they're likely to want to do would be
               | in the userspace code anyhow - whatever code is showing
               | data on a display or running a web server you can upload
               | files to or however it works. Any kernel made in the last
               | decade is going to be just fine.
               | 
               | We're not talking about installing Ubuntu and worrying
               | about unsolicited Snap updates. Embedded stuff like this
               | needs a kernel with drivers that can talk to required
               | peripherals (often over protocols that haven't changed in
               | decades), and that can kick off userspace code to provide
               | a UI either on a screen or a web interface. It's just not
               | that demanding.
               | 
               | As such, people get away with putting FreeRTOS on a
               | microcontroller, and that can show a GUI on a screen or a
               | web interface too, you often don't need a "full" OS at
               | all. A full OS can be a liability, since it's difficult
               | to get real-time behaviour which presumably matters for
               | something like a CNC. You either run a real-time OS, or a
               | regular OS (from which the GUI stuff is easier) which
               | offloads work to additional microcontrollers that do the
               | real-time stuff.
               | 
               | I did not expect Windows to be running on CNCs. I didn't
               | expect it to be running on supermarket checkouts. The
               | existence of this entire class of things pointlessly
               | running self-updating, internet-connected Windows
               | confuses me. I can only assume that there are industries
               | where people think "computer equals Windows" and there
               | just isn't the experience present, for whatever reason,
               | to know that whacking a random Linux kernel on an
               | embedded computer and calling it a day is way easier than
               | whatever hoops you have to jump through to make a desktop
               | OS, let alone Windows, work sensibly in that environment.
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | 5-10 years is not unreasonable expected support I think.
               | 
               | And if you are someone manufacturing physical equipment
               | be it CNC machine or vehicle lift hiring entire team to
               | keep Linux patched and making your own releases seems
               | pretty unreasonable and waste of resources. In the end
               | anything you choose is not error free. And the box
               | running software is not main product.
               | 
               | This is actually huge challenge. Finding vendor that can
               | deliver you a box where to run software with promised
               | long term support, when the support is actually more than
               | just few years.
               | 
               | Also I don't understand how it is any more acceptable to
               | run unpatched Linux in networked environment than it is
               | Windows. These are very often not just stand-alone
               | things, but instead connected to at least local network
               | if not larger networks. With possible internet
               | connections too. So not updating vulnerabilities is as
               | unacceptable as it would be with Windows.
               | 
               | With CNC there is place for something like Windows OS.
               | You have separate embedded system running the tools. But
               | you still want a different piece managing the "programs".
               | As you could have dozens or hundreds of these. And at
               | that point reading them from network starts once again
               | make sense. Time of dealing with floppies is over...
               | 
               | And with checkouts, you want more UI than just buttons.
               | And Windows CE has been reasonably effective tool in
               | that.
               | 
               | Linux is nice on servers, but often with embedded side
               | keeping it secure and up to date is massive amount of
               | pain. Windows does offer excellent stability and long
               | term support. And you can just simply buy a computer with
               | sufficient support from MS. One could ask why do not not
               | massive companies run their own Linux distributions?
        
               | tormeh wrote:
               | Ok, just make the lift controller analogue. No digital
               | processors at all. Nothing to update, so no updates
               | needed.
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | Maybe you want your lift to be able to diagnose itself.
               | Tell possible faults, instead of spending man hours on
               | troubleshooting every part each time downtime included.
               | With big lifts there are many parts that could go wrong.
               | Being able to identify which one saves lot of time and
               | time is money.
               | 
               | These sort of outages are actually extremely rare
               | nowadays. Considering how long these control systems have
               | been kept around must mean that they are not actually
               | causing that many issue that replacing them would be
               | worth it.
        
               | cyberax wrote:
               | > 5-10 years is not unreasonable expected support I
               | think.
               | 
               | A couple of years ago, I helped a small business with an
               | embroidery machine that runs Windows 98. Its physical
               | computer died, and the owner could not find the spare
               | parts. Fortunately, it used a parallel port to control
               | the embroidery hardware, so it was easy to move to a VM
               | with a USB parallel port adapter.
        
               | pdw wrote:
               | That was very lucky then. USB parallel ports adapters are
               | only intended to work with printers. They fail with any
               | hardware that does custom signalling over the parallel
               | port.
        
               | bschwindHN wrote:
               | > And all things considered, Windows is not that bad
               | option
               | 
               | I'm gonna go out on a limb and say that it actually is.
               | It's a closed source OS which includes way more
               | functionality than you need. A purpose-built RTOS running
               | on a microcontroller is going to provide more
               | reliability, and if you don't hook it up to the internet
               | it will be more secure, too. Of course, if you want you
               | can still hook it up to the internet, but at least you're
               | making the conscious decision to do so at that point.
               | 
               | Displaying something on a screen isn't very hard in an
               | embedded environment either.
               | 
               | I have an open source printer which has a display, and
               | runs on an STM32. It runs reliably, does its job well,
               | and doesn't whine about updates or install things behind
               | my back because it physically can't, it has no access to
               | the internet (though I could connect it if I desired). A
               | CNC machine is more complex and has more safety
               | considerations, but is still in a similar class of
               | product.
               | 
               | https://youtu.be/FxIUs-pQBjk?si=N-W-Af6jBgGBiIgl&t=46
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | you log into the machine, download files, load files onto
               | the program. that doesn't need a desktop environment? you
               | want to reimplement half of one, poorly, because that
               | would have avoided this stupid mistake, in exchange for
               | half a dozen potential others, and a worse customer
               | experience?
        
               | bschwindHN wrote:
               | > you log into the machine, download files, load files
               | onto the program. that doesn't need a desktop
               | environment?
               | 
               | Believe it or not, it doesn't! An embedded device with a
               | form of flash storage and an internet connection to a
               | (hopefully) LAN-only server can do the same thing.
               | 
               | > you want to reimplement half of one, poorly
               | 
               | Who says I would do it poorly? ;)
               | 
               | > and a worse customer experience?
               | 
               | Why would a purpose-built system be a worse customer
               | experience than _windows_? Are you really going to set
               | the bar that low?
        
               | numpad0 wrote:
               | No, they don't. Absolutely. But there are very few
               | companies successful _not_ using Windows or existing OS.
               | Apple HomePod runs iOS.
        
           | morning-coffee wrote:
           | I think the same question can be asked for why lots of
           | equipment seemingly requires an OS. My take is that these
           | products went through a phase of trying to differentiate
           | themselves from competitors and so added convenience features
           | that were easier to implement with a general purpose computer
           | and some VB script rather than focusing on the simplest most
           | reliable way to implement their required state machines. It's
           | essentially convenience to the implementors at the expense of
           | reliability of the end result.
        
             | mihaaly wrote:
             | My life went sideways when organizations I worked for all
             | started to make products solely for selling and not for
             | using those. If the product was useful for something, that
             | was the side effect of being sellable. Not the goal.
        
             | chongli wrote:
             | _Worse is Better_ has eaten the world. The philosophy of
             | building things properly with careful, bespoke, minimalist
             | designs has been totally destroyed by a race to the bottom.
             | Grab it off the shelf, duct tape together a barely-working
             | MVP, and ship it.
             | 
             | Now we are reaping what we sowed.
        
             | pishpash wrote:
             | That's what you get for outsourcing to some generic shop
             | with no domain expertise who implements to a spec for the
             | lowest dollar.
        
           | freehorse wrote:
           | Because we live deep into the internet of shit era.
        
         | saganus wrote:
         | How come lifts and cranes are affected by this?
         | 
         | Are they somehow controlled remotely? or do they need to ping a
         | central server to be able to operate?
         | 
         | I can see how alarms, email and phones are affected but the
         | heavy machinery?
         | 
         | (Clearly not familiar with any of these things so I am
         | genuinely curious)
        
           | lima wrote:
           | Lots and lots of heavy machinery uses Windows computers even
           | for local control panels.
        
             | mulmen wrote:
             | But why does it need to be remotely updated? Have there
             | been major innovations in lift technology recently? They
             | still just go up and down, right?
             | 
             | Once such a system is deployed why would it ever need to be
             | updated?
        
               | stevarino wrote:
               | Security patches, assuming it has some network access.
        
               | mulmen wrote:
               | Why would a lift have network access?
        
               | gtirloni wrote:
               | Do you see a lot of people driving around applying
               | software updates with diskettes like in the old days?
               | 
               | Have we learned nothing from how the uranium enrichment
               | machines were hacked in Iran? Or how attackers routinely
               | move laterally across the network?
               | 
               | Everything is connected these days. For really good
               | reasons.
        
               | seanthemon wrote:
               | Your understanding of stuxnet is flawed, Iran was
               | attacked by the Us Gov in a very very specific spearfish
               | attack with years of preparation to get Stux into the
               | enrichment facilities - nothing to do with lifts
               | connected to the network.
               | 
               | Also the facility was air-gapped, so it wasn't connected
               | to ANY outside network. They had to use other means to
               | get Stux on those computers and then used something like
               | 7 zero days to move from windows into Siemens computers
               | to inflict damage.
               | 
               | Stux got out potentially because someone brought their
               | laptop to work, the malware got into said laptop and
               | moved outside the airgap from a different network.
        
               | hilbert42 wrote:
               | _" Stux got out potentially because someone brought their
               | laptop to work, the malware got into said laptop and
               | moved outside the airgap from a different network."_
               | 
               | The lesson here is that even in an air-gapped system the
               | infrastructure should be as proprietary as is possible.
               | If, by design, domestic Windows PCs or USB thumb drives
               | could not interface with any part of the air-gapped
               | system because (a) both hardwares were incompatible at
               | say OSI levels 1, 2 & 3; and (b) software was in every
               | aspect incompatible with respect to their APIs then it
               | wouldn't really matter if by some surreptitious means
               | these commonly-used products entered the plant.
               | Essentially, it would be almost impossible+ to get the
               | Trojan onto the plant's hardware.
               | 
               | That said, that requires a lot of extra work. By
               | excluding subsystems and components that are readily
               | available in the external/commercial world means a
               | considerable amount of extra design overhead which would
               | both slow down a project's completion and substantially
               | increase its cost.
               | 
               | What I'm saying is obvious, and no doubt noted by those
               | who've similar intentions to the Iranians. I'd also
               | suggest that the use of individual controllers etc. such
               | as the Siemens ones used by Iran either wouldn't be used
               | or they'd need to be modified from standard both in
               | hardware and with the firmware (hardware mods would
               | further bootstrap protection if an infiltrator knew the
               | firmware had been altered and found a means of restoring
               | the default factory version).
               | 
               | Unfortunately, what Stuxnet has done is to provide an
               | excellent blueprint of how to make enrichment (or any
               | other such) plants (chemical, biological, etc.)
               | essentially impenetrable.
               | 
               |  _+ Of course, that doesn 't stop or preclude an
               | insider/spy bypassing such protections. Building in
               | tamper resistance and detection to counter this threat
               | would also add another layer of cost and increase the
               | time needed to get the plant up and running. That of
               | itself could act as a deterrent, but I'd add that in war
               | that doesn't account for much, take Bletchley and
               | Manhattan where money was no object._
        
               | rkagerer wrote:
               | I once engineered a highly secure system that used
               | (shielded) audio cables and amodem as the sole pathway to
               | bridge the airgap. Obscure enough for ya?
               | 
               | Transmitted data was hashed on either side, and manually
               | compared. Except for very rare binary updates, the data
               | in/out mostly consisted of text chunks that were small
               | enough to sanity-check by hand inside the gapped
               | environment.
        
               | Mistletoe wrote:
               | You picked a really odd day and thread to say that
               | everything is connected for really good reasons.
        
               | SkyPuncher wrote:
               | They're probably deployed to a virtualized system to easy
               | with maintenance and upkeep.
               | 
               | Updates are partially necessary to ensure you don't end
               | up completely unsupported in the future.
               | 
               | It's been a long time, but I worked IT for an auto
               | supplier. Literally nothing was worse than some old
               | computer crapping out with an old version of Windows and
               | a proprietary driver. Mind you, these weren't mission
               | critical systems, but they did disrupt people's workflows
               | while we were fixing the systems. Think, things like
               | digital measurements or barcode scanners. Everything can
               | be easily done by hand but it's a massive pain.
               | 
               | Most of these systems end up migrated to a local data
               | center than deployed via a thin client. Far easier to
               | maintain and fix than some box that's been sitting in the
               | corner of a shop collecting dust for 15 years.
        
               | mulmen wrote:
               | Ok but it's a LIFT. How is Windows even involved? Is it
               | part of the controls?
        
               | notimetorelax wrote:
               | Probably for things like this -
               | https://www.kone.co.uk/new-buildings/advanced-people-
               | flow-so...
               | 
               | There's a lot of value on Internet of Things everything,
               | but comes with own risks.
        
               | mulmen wrote:
               | I'm having a hard time picturing a multi-story diesel
               | repair shop. Maybe a few floors in a dense area but not
               | so high that a lack of elevators would be show stopping.
               | So I interpret "lift" as the machinery used to raise
               | equipment off the ground for maintenance.
        
               | cyberax wrote:
               | Several elevator controllers automatically switch to the
               | safe mode if they detect a fire or security alarm (which
               | apparently is also happening).
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | how many lifts, and how many floors, with how many people
               | are you imagining? Yes, there's a dumb simple case where
               | there's no need for a computer with an OS, but after the
               | umpteenth car with umpteen floors, when would you put in
               | a computer?
               | 
               | and then there's authentication. how do you want key
               | cards which say who's allowed to use the lift to work
               | without some sort of database which implies some sort of
               | computer with an operating system?
        
               | mulmen wrote:
               | It's a diesel repair shop, not an office building. I'm
               | interpreting "lift" as a device for lifting a vehicle off
               | the ground, not an elevator for getting people to the
               | 12th floor.
        
               | SkyPuncher wrote:
               | The most basic example is duty cycle monitoring and
               | trouble shooting. You can also do things like digital
               | lock-outs on lifts that need maintenance.
               | 
               | While the lift might not need a dedicated computer, they
               | might be used in an integrated environment. You kick off
               | the alignment or a calibration procedure from the same
               | place that you operate the lift.
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | Example of patent:
               | https://patents.google.com/patent/US6983196B2/en
               | 
               | So for maintenance and fault indications. Probably saves
               | some time from someone digging up manuals for checking
               | error codes from where ever they maybe placed or not.
               | Also could display things like height and weight.
        
               | numpad0 wrote:
               | Real problem is not that it's just a damn lift and
               | shouldn't need full Windows. It's that something as
               | theoretically solved and done problem as an operating
               | system is not practically so.
               | 
               | An Internet of Lift can be done with <32MB of RAM and
               | <500MHz single core CPU. Instead they(for whoever they)
               | put a GLaDOS-class supercomputer for it. That's the
               | absurdity.
        
               | vachina wrote:
               | You'd be surprised at how entrenched Windows is in the
               | machine automation industry. There are entire control
               | systems algo implemented and run in realtime Windows,
               | vendors like Beckhoff and ACS only have Windows build for
               | their control software which developers extend and build
               | on top with Visual Studio.
        
               | formerly_proven wrote:
               | Siemens is also very much in on this. Up to about the 90s
               | most of these vendors were running stuff on proprietary
               | software stacks running on proprietary hardware networked
               | using proprietary networks and protocols (an example for
               | a fully proprietary stack like this would be Teleperm).
               | Then in the 90s everyone left their proprietary systems
               | behind and moved to Windows NT. All of these applications
               | are truly "Windows-native" in the sense that their
               | architecture is directly built on all the Windows
               | components. Pretty much impossible to port, I'd wager.
        
               | hilbert42 wrote:
               | Absolutely correct, I've seen muli-axis machine tools
               | that couldn't even be started let alone get running
               | properly if Windows wouldn't start.
               | 
               | Incidentally, on more than one occasion I've not been
               | able to use one of the nearby automatic tellers because
               | of a Windows crash.
        
               | Arrath wrote:
               | Its easier and cheaper (and a lil safer) to run wires to
               | the up\down control lever and have those actuate a valve
               | somewhere, than it is to run hydraulic hoses to a lever
               | like in lifts of old, for example.
               | 
               | That said it could also be run by whatever the equivalent
               | of "PLC on an 8bit Microcontroller" is, and not some full
               | embedded Windows system with live online virus protection
               | so yeah, what the hell.
        
               | rramadass wrote:
               | Perhaps "Windows Embedded" is involved somewhere in the
               | control loop, it is a huge industry but not that well-
               | known to the public;
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Embedded_Industry
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_IoT
        
               | tibbydudeza wrote:
               | We do ATM's - it runs on Windows IOT - before that it was
               | OS/2.
        
               | rramadass wrote:
               | Any info on whether this Crowdstrike Falcon crap is used
               | here?
        
               | Drygord wrote:
               | Remember those good old fashioned windows that you could
               | roll down manually after driving into a lake?
               | 
               | Yeah, can't do it now: it's all electronic.
        
               | mulmen wrote:
               | I'm sure that lifts have been electronically controlled
               | for decades. But why is Windows (the operating system)
               | involved?
        
               | mihaaly wrote:
               | Or being online in the first place. Sounds like an
               | unnecessary risk.
        
               | chrisjj wrote:
               | > But why does it need to be remotely updated?
               | 
               | Because it can be remotely updated by attackers.
        
             | pas wrote:
             | but why do they have CS on them? they should be simply not
             | connected to any kinds of networks.
             | 
             | and if there's some sensor network in the building that
             | should be completely separate from the actual machine
             | controls.
        
               | bloopernova wrote:
               | Compliance.
               | 
               | To work with various private data, you need to be
               | accredited and that means an audit to prove you are in
               | compliance with whatever standard you are aspiring to. CS
               | is part of that compliance process.
        
               | KolmogorovComp wrote:
               | Which private data would a computer need to operate a
               | lift?
        
               | bloopernova wrote:
               | Another department in the corporation is probably
               | accessing PII, so corporate IT installed the security
               | software on _every_ Windows PC. Special cases cost money
               | to manage, so centrally managed PCs are all treated the
               | same.
        
               | xcv123 wrote:
               | It must be security tags on the lift which restrict entry
               | to authorised staff.
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | who's allowed to use the lift? where do those keycards
               | authenticate to?
        
               | gtirloni wrote:
               | Anything that touches other systems is a risk and needs
               | to be properly monitored and secured.
               | 
               | I had a lot of reservations about companies installing
               | Crowdstrike but I'm baffled by the lack of security
               | awareness in many comments here. So they do really seem
               | necessary.
        
               | NegativeK wrote:
               | Because there's some level of convenience involved with
               | network connectivity for OT.
        
             | saganus wrote:
             | That sounds...suboptimal.
             | 
             | I would imagine they used specialized controller cards or
             | something like that.
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | They optimize for small batch development costs. Slapping
               | windows PC when you sell a few hundred to thousand units
               | is actually pretty cheap. Software itself is probably
               | same order of magnitude, cheaper for UI itself...
        
               | delfinom wrote:
               | And cheap both short and long term. Microsoft has 10 year
               | lifecycles you don't need to pay extra for. Linux you
               | need IT staff to upgrade it every 3 years. Not to mention
               | hiring engineers to recompile software every 3 years with
               | the distro upgrade.
        
             | ekianjo wrote:
             | thats just asking for trouble.
        
           | ddulaney wrote:
           | Probably a Windows-based HMI ("human-machine interface").
           | 
           | I used to build sorting machines that use variants of the
           | typical "industrial" tech stack, and the actual controllers
           | are rarely (but not never!) Windows. But it's common for the
           | HMI to be a Windows box connected into the rest of the
           | network, as well as any server.
        
           | davepm wrote:
           | I'm still running multiple CNC/Industrial equipment with
           | win3.1/98/xp. Only just retired one running Dos 6.2
        
         | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
         | Oh man, you work with some cool (and dangerous) stuff.
         | 
         | Outage aside, do you feel safe using it while knowing that it
         | accepts updates based on the whims of far away people that you
         | don't know?
        
           | NegativeK wrote:
           | I hate to be that person, but things have moved to automatic
           | updates because security was even shittier when the user was
           | expected to do it.
           | 
           | I can't even imagine how much worse ransomware would be if,
           | for example, Windows and browsers weren't updating
           | themselves.
        
             | Drygord wrote:
             | This is for critical infrastructure though. You AT LEAST
             | test it out first on some machines
        
             | alexanderdmitri wrote:
             | I feel like this is the fake reason given to try to hide
             | the obvious reason: automatic updates are a power move that
             | allows companies to retain control of products they've
             | sold.
        
               | exolymph wrote:
               | no reason why both can't be true -- the security is
               | overall better, and companies are happy to invest in
               | advancing this paradigm because it gives them more
               | control
        
               | alexanderdmitri wrote:
               | incentive can and does undermine the stated goal. what if
               | the government decided to take control of everyone's
               | investment portfolio to prevent the market doing bad
               | things? or an airplane manufacturer gets takes control of
               | its own safety certification process because obviously
               | its in their best interest that their planes are safe?
               | imposed curfew, everyone has to be inside their homes
               | while its dark outside because most violent crimes occur
               | at night?
        
               | NegativeK wrote:
               | It's not fake reason; it's a very real solution to a very
               | real problem.
               | 
               | Of course companies are going to abuse it for grotesque
               | profit motive, but that doesn't make their necessity a
               | lie.
        
               | josephg wrote:
               | Yep. And even aside from security, its a nightmare
               | needing to maintain multiple versions of a product. "Oh,
               | our software is crashing? What version do you have? Oh,
               | 4.5. Well, update 4.7 from 2 years ago may fix your
               | problem, but we've also released major versions 5 and 6
               | since then - no, I'm not trying to upsell you ma'am.
               | We'll pull up the code from that version and see if we
               | can figure out the problem."
               | 
               | Having evergreen software that just keeps itself up to
               | date is marvellous. The Google Docs team only needs to
               | care about the current version of their software. There
               | are no documents saved with an old version. There's no
               | need to backport fixes to old versions, and no QA teams
               | that need to test backported security updates on 10 year
               | old hardware.
               | 
               | Its just a shame about, y'know, the aptly named
               | crowdstrike.
        
               | chrisjj wrote:
               | > The Google Docs team only needs to care about the
               | current version of their software. There are no documents
               | saved with an old version.
               | 
               | There sure are. I have dozens saved years ago.
        
               | josephg wrote:
               | Fine. But Google can mass-migrate all of them to a new
               | format any time they want. They don't have the situation
               | you used to have with Word, where you needed to remember
               | to Save As Word 2001 format or whatever so you could open
               | the file on another computer. (And if you forgot, the
               | file was unreadable). It was a huge pain.
        
               | chrisjj wrote:
               | Yes it is better than the Word situation, but no it isn't
               | not caring. There do exist old format docs and Google
               | does have to care - to make that migration.
        
               | xg15 wrote:
               | It used to be the original reason why automatic updates
               | were accepted and it was valid.
               | 
               | But since then it has been abused for all sorts of things
               | that really are nothing more than consolidation of power,
               | including an entire shift in mentality of what
               | "ownership" even means: Tech companies today seem to
               | think it's the standard that they keep effective
               | ownership of a product for its entire life cycle, no
               | matter how much money a customer has paid for it, and no
               | matter deeply the customer relies on that product.
               | 
               | (Politicians mostly seem fine with that development or
               | even encourage it)
               | 
               | I agree that an average nontechnical person can't be
               | expected to keep track of all the security patches
               | manually to keep their devices secure.
               | 
               | What I would expect would be an easy way to opt-out of
               | automatic updates _if_ you know what you 're doing. The
               | fact that many companies go to absurd lengths to stop you
               | from e.g. replacing the firmware or unlocking the
               | bootloader, _even if you 're the owner of the device_ is
               | a pretty clear sign to me they are not doing this out of
               | a desire to protect the end-user.
               | 
               | Also, I'm a bit baffled that there is no vetting at all
               | of the contents of updates. A vendor can write absolutely
               | whatever they want into a patch for some product of
               | theirs and arbitrarily change the behaviour of software
               | and devices that belong to other people. As a society,
               | we're just trusting the tech companies to do the right
               | thing.
               | 
               | I think a better system would be if updates would at the
               | very least have to be vetted by an independent third
               | party before being applied and a device would only accept
               | an update if it's signed by the vendor _and_ the third-
               | party.
               | 
               | The third-party cold then do the following things:
               | 
               | - run tests and check for bugs
               | 
               | - check for malicious and rights-infringing changes
               | deliberately introduced by the vendor (e.g. taking away
               | functionality that was there at time of purchase)
               | 
               | - publicly document the contents of an update, beyond
               | "bug fixes and performance improvements".
        
               | darthwalsh wrote:
               | What you're describing is what Linux distro maintainers
               | do: Debian maintainers check the changes of different
               | software repos, look at new options and decide if
               | anything should be disabled in the official Debian
               | release, and compile and upload the packages.
        
             | cpill wrote:
             | yeah, you don't want day to day security (a) changing daily
             | (b) at the kennel level
        
             | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
             | That may apply to things that need to be online, but... a
             | lathe?
        
               | krashidov wrote:
               | wouldn't the lathe need to be online to get the OTA
               | update from Crowdstrike?
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | how much lathe-ing have you done recently? did you load
               | files onto your CNC lathe with an SD card, and thus there
               | is a computer, which needs updates, or are you thinking
               | of a lathe that is a motor and a rubber band, and nothing
               | else, from, like, high school woodshop?
        
               | 14 wrote:
               | I bought a 3d printer years ago then let it sit
               | collecting dust for like 2 or more years because I was
               | intimidated by it. Finally started using it and was blown
               | away how useful it has been to me. Then a long time later
               | realized holy shit there are updates and upgrades one can
               | easily do. I can add a camera and control everything and
               | monitor everything from any online connected device. I
               | always hated pulling out the sd card and bringing it to
               | my computer and copying it over and back to the printer
               | and so on. Being online makes things so much easier and
               | faster. I have been rocking my basic printer for a few
               | years now and have not paid much attention to the scene
               | and then started seeing these multi color prints holy
               | shit am I slow and behind the times. The newer printers
               | are pretty rad but I will give props to my Anycubic Mega
               | it has been a work horse and I have had very little
               | problems. I don't want it to die on me but a newer
               | printer would be cool also.
        
               | chrisjj wrote:
               | All fine... until it gets hacked.
        
               | jjk166 wrote:
               | And does what? Print something?
               | 
               | There are immense benefits to using modern computing
               | power, including both onboard and remote functionality.
               | The cost of increased software security vulnerability is
               | easily justified.
        
             | patrick451 wrote:
             | What load of horseshit.
             | 
             | 1. Nobody auto updates my linux machines. They have no
             | malware. 2. It's my job to change the oil in my car. When
             | Ford starts sending a tech to my house to tamper with my
             | machines "because they need maintenance" will be the day I
             | am no longer a Ford customer.
        
               | mango7283 wrote:
               | Carelessly handled Linux machines* can and do get
               | infected by malware or compromised for data exfile, don't
               | be obtuse.
               | 
               | *Let's not pretend this never happens
        
               | cromka wrote:
               | Not to mention CVE mitigation.
        
               | voltagex_ wrote:
               | Those Linux systems that aren't getting updates must be
               | the ones sending Mirai to my Linux systems, which are
               | getting updates (and also Mirai, although it won't run
               | because it's the wrong architecture).
               | 
               | No malware? Only if you have your head in the sand.
        
               | NegativeK wrote:
               | I assume that comment was saying that they handle the
               | update process and that their machines don't have any
               | malware on them.
               | 
               | I ignored it because it was somewhat abusive and is
               | missing the problem that automatic updates are trying to
               | solve: that most people, but not all, don't do updates.
        
               | _kb wrote:
               | The irony of this comment is almost perfected by the fact
               | Ford were one of the leading companies in bringing ECU's
               | (one of the myriad of computer systems essential to
               | modern vehicles that can and do receive regular updates)
               | to market in _checks notes_ 1975.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_EEC
        
         | xyst wrote:
         | what are the brands of these systems?
        
         | Saris wrote:
         | I'm just impressed that the lifts, alarms, cranes, phones, etc
         | all run on Windows somehow.
        
           | a10c wrote:
           | In a lot of cases you find tangential dependencies on Windows
           | in ways you don't expect. For example a deployment pipeline
           | entirely linux-based deploying to linux-based systems that
           | relies on Active Directory for authentication.
        
             | akira2501 wrote:
             | > Active Directory for authentication.
             | 
             | In my experience that'd be 90% of the equipment.
             | 
             | "Oh! It has LDAP integration! We can 'Single Sign On'."
        
           | fransje26 wrote:
           | I don't know if "impressed" is the right word..
           | 
           | "Appalled", "bewildered" and "horrified" and also comes to
           | mind..
        
             | delfinom wrote:
             | I'm more confused because I have never, ever encountered a
             | lift that wasn't just some buttons or joysticks on a
             | controller attached to the lift. There is zero need of more
             | computing power than a 8-bit microcontroller from the
             | 1980s. I don't know where I would even buy such a lift with
             | a windows PC.
        
               | jjk166 wrote:
               | No one sells 8 bit microcontrollers from the 1980s
               | anymore. Just because you don't need the full power of
               | modern computing hardware and software doesn't mean you
               | are going to pay extra for custom, less capable options.
        
         | moritzwarhier wrote:
         | > we dont have 911 either
         | 
         | Holy cow...
         | 
         | Who on earth requires a Windows-based backend (or whatever else
         | had CrowdStrike, in the shop or outside) for regular (VoIP)
         | phone calls.
         | 
         | This should really lead to some learnings for anyone providing
         | any kind of phone infrastructure.
        
           | jajko wrote:
           | Or lathe, or cranes, or alarms, or hvac... what the actual
           | fuck.
           | 
           | Next move should be some artisanal as mechanical-as-possible
           | quality products, or at least Linux(TM) certified product or
           | similar (or Windows-free (TM)). The opportunity is here,
           | everybody noticed this clusterfuck, and smart folks don't
           | like ignoring threats that are in your face.
           | 
           | But I suppose in 2 weeks some other bombastic news will roll
           | over this and most will forget. But there is always some hope
        
           | Filligree wrote:
           | That's not it. 911 itself was down.
        
             | moritzwarhier wrote:
             | Oh, great. I guess that counts as phone infrastructure.
        
       | GirishSharma643 wrote:
       | Who is responsible for this billion dollar mistake?
        
       | vlan0 wrote:
       | Anything that has root/kernel access is a risk. It always has
       | been. When will we learn. Probably never. Because money runs this
       | world. So sad. Time to open a bakery and move on from this world.
        
         | Sohcahtoa82 wrote:
         | Considering what Crowdstrike is intended to do, it's not really
         | possible for it to work without running at the kernel level.
        
       | steine65 wrote:
       | Here's a visual representation of flight cancellations and delays
       | at major US airports https://www.flightaware.com/miserymap/
        
         | Tylast wrote:
         | Oh wow! Thanks for that. I use flight aware and twas not award
         | of that particular page.
        
         | 1oooqooq wrote:
         | this animations were all the rage in Chinese wechat while this
         | was going on
        
       | UniverseHacker wrote:
       | Why are so many mission critical hardware connected systems
       | connected to the internet at all or getting automatic updates?
       | 
       | This is just basic IT common sense. You only do updates during a
       | planned outage, after doing an easily reversible backup, or you
       | have two redundant systems in rotation and update and test the
       | spare first. Critical systems connected to things like medical
       | equipment should have no internet connectivity, and need no
       | security updates.
       | 
       | I follow all of this in my own home so a bad update doesn't ruin
       | my work day... how do big companies with professional IT not know
       | this stuff?
        
         | gedy wrote:
         | > Why are so many mission critical hardware connected systems
         | connected to the internet at all or getting automatic updates?
         | 
         | Because it lets them "scale" by having fewer and cheaper
         | offsite IT and contractors to manage vs hiring pesky onsite
         | employees.
        
         | basch wrote:
         | You do that for antivirus definition updates?
        
           | mckn1ght wrote:
           | Probably, implicitly. Have automated regular backups, and
           | don't let your AV automatically update, or even if it does,
           | don't log into all your computers simultaneously. If you
           | update/login serially, then the first BSOD would maybe
           | prevent you from doing the same thing on the other (or
           | possibly, send you running to the other to accomplish your
           | task, and BSODing that one too!)
           | 
           | But yeah this is one reason why I don't have automatic
           | updates enabled for anything, the other major one being that
           | companies just can't resist screwing with their UIs.
        
           | UniverseHacker wrote:
           | I'm not an IT professional, but I don't use antivirus
           | software on my personal macs and linux machines- I do regular
           | rotated physical backups, and only install software digitally
           | signed by trusted sources and well reviewed Pirate Bay
           | accounts (that's a joke :-).
           | 
           | My only windows machine is what I would classify as a mission
           | critical hardware connected/control device, an old Windows 8
           | tablet I use for car diagnostics- I do not connect it to the
           | internet, and never perform updates on it.
           | 
           | I am an academic and use a lot of old multi-million dollar
           | scientific instruments which have old versions of windows
           | controlling them. They work forever if you don't network
           | them, but the first time you do, someone opens up a browser
           | to check their social media, and the entire system will fail
           | quickly.
        
           | barryrandall wrote:
           | Yes. In an environment where you have so many clients that
           | they can DDoS the antivirus management server, you have to
           | stagger the update schedule anyway. The way we set it up,
           | sysadmins/help desk/dev deployments updated on day 1, all IT
           | workstations/test deployments updated on day 2, and all
           | workstations/staging/production deployments on day 3.
        
             | genewitch wrote:
             | what happens if there's a 0-day RCE? 72 hours of your
             | production systems hanging out in the open...
        
         | vel0city wrote:
         | CrowdStrike let's you create update strategies and rollout
         | groups.
         | 
         | This update bypassed all of those settings.
        
           | UniverseHacker wrote:
           | Well that context makes it make a little more sense... I
           | still wouldn't be trusting a service like that for mission
           | critical hardware that shouldn't be connected to the internet
           | in the first place.
           | 
           | The question with these types of services is: is your goal to
           | keep the system as reliable as possible, or to be able to
           | place the blame on a 3rd party when it goes down? If it's a
           | critical safety system that human lives depend on, the answer
           | better be the former.
        
             | basch wrote:
             | How do you keep an airline ticketing system offline? How
             | would anybody book tickets without access to the databases?
        
               | zamubafoo wrote:
               | Whitelist the persistent store?
        
               | nsguy wrote:
               | you don't need to airgap it. just limit the access to the
               | specific APIs/access to the database and block everything
               | else.
               | 
               | CrowdStrike won't be able to upgrade itself through your
               | database API...
        
             | MetaWhirledPeas wrote:
             | If you must trust the software _not_ to do rogue updates
             | then I have to swing back into the camp of blaming the
             | operating system. Is Linux better at this?
             | 
             | I've noticed phones have better permissions controls than
             | Windows, seemingly. You can control things like hardware
             | access and file access at the operating system level, it's
             | very visible to the user, and the default is to deny
             | permissions.
             | 
             | But I've also noticed that phone apps can update outside of
             | the official channel, if they choose. Is there any good way
             | to police this without compromising the capabilities of all
             | apps?
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | Microsoft has tried pushing app deployment and management
               | platforms that would make this kind of thing really
               | possible, but it constantly receives massive pushback.
               | This was the concept of stuff like Windows S, where
               | pretty much all apps have to be the new modern store app
               | package and older "just run the install.exe as admin and
               | double click the shortcut to run" was massively
               | deprecated or impossible.
        
             | berkes wrote:
             | _you_ wouldn 't be trusting it.
             | 
             | But that's besides the point in any enterprise environment.
             | Or even in a SMB where third parties are doing IT stuff for
             | you. Your opinion doesn't matter there. Compliance matters.
             | Paper Risk aversion matters. And they don't always align
             | with common IT sense and, as had been proven now, reality.
        
         | asynchronous wrote:
         | What people aren't understanding is MOST of the outage isn't
         | caused by a crowdstrike install itself, it's caused because
         | something upstream of it (a critical application server) is
         | what got borked, and that's having a domino effect on
         | everything else.
        
       | irusensei wrote:
       | Can we end the whole "loading a kernel rootkit" thing? AFAIK
       | Apple already shuns kernel extensions. What's preventing
       | Microsoft to do the same? As a bonus shit like anti cheat will go
       | away too.
        
       | franczesko wrote:
       | I just wanted to mention that Microsoft has 3 tiers of Windows
       | beta releases before changes are pushed to production. I can't
       | comprehend how this wasn't noticed before.
        
         | bloopernova wrote:
         | It didn't come from Microsoft or Windows Update. It was pushed
         | by Crowdstrike to their corporate security kernel extension.
        
           | franczesko wrote:
           | 3rd party got unsupervised access to kernel? I'd say it's
           | even worse then
        
       | jimt1234 wrote:
       | I watched a presentation by someone representing "I Am The
       | Cavalry" at B-Sides, Las Vegas, a few years ago. Very interesting
       | stuff, gave me a whole new perspective on "cyber security".
       | 
       | https://iamthecavalry.org
        
       | PaulHoule wrote:
       | People at my workplace were affected but I dodged the bullet
       | because I left my computer turned on overnight because I always
       | want to be able to RDP in the next morning in case I decide to
       | stay home.
        
       | rootforce wrote:
       | AWS has posted some instructions for those affected by the issue
       | using EC2.
       | 
       | [AWS Health
       | Dashboard](https://health.aws.amazon.com/health/status)
       | 
       | "First, in some cases, a reboot of the instance may allow for the
       | CrowdStrike Falcon agent to be updated to a previously healthy
       | version, resolving the issue.
       | 
       | Second, the following steps can be followed to delete the
       | CrowdStrike Falcon agent file on the affected instance:
       | 
       | 1. Create a snapshot of the EBS root volume of the affected
       | instance
       | 
       | 2. Create a new EBS volume from the snapshot in the same
       | Availability Zone
       | 
       | 3. Launch a new instance in that Availability Zone using a
       | different version of Windows
       | 
       | 4. Attach the EBS volume from step (2) to the new instance as a
       | data volume
       | 
       | 5. Navigate to the \windows\system32\drivers\CrowdStrike\ folder
       | on the attached volume and delete "C-00000291*.sys"
       | 
       | 6. Detach the EBS volume from the new instance
       | 
       | 7. Create a snapshot of the detached EBS volume
       | 
       | 8. Create an AMI from the snapshot by selecting the same volume
       | type as the affected instance
       | 
       | 9. Call replace root volume on the original EC2 Instance
       | specifying the AMI just created"
        
         | rahkiin wrote:
         | That is a lot of steps. Can this not be scripted?
        
           | timoteostewart wrote:
           | FWIW, I find the high-level overview more useful, because
           | then I can write a script tailored to my situation. Between
           | `bash`, `aws` CLI tool, and Powershell, it would be
           | straightforward to programmatically apply this remedy.
           | 
           | Here's something quick that ChatGPT ginned up: https://chatgp
           | t.com/share/293ea9d5-b7ac-4064-b870-45f8266aea...
        
           | CalumSult wrote:
           | Yes it can, that's what I ended up writing at 4am this
           | morning, lol. We manage way more instances then is feasible
           | to do anything by hand. This is probably too late to help
           | anyone, but you can also just stop instance, detach root,
           | attach it to another instance, delete file(s), offline drive,
           | detach, reattach to original instance, and then start
           | instance. You need a "fixer" machine in the same AZ.
        
       | janalsncm wrote:
       | This outage may be more expensive and cause more damage than any
       | cyberattack in history.
        
       | rs999gti wrote:
       | So can crowdstrike be classified as malware now?
       | 
       | Currently waiting in line for 2 hours + waiting for Delta to tell
       | me when my connecting leg can be booked. My current flight is
       | delayed 5 hours.
        
       | Zaskoda wrote:
       | I want to add something to the discussion but it's difficult for
       | me to accurately summarize and cite things. In a nutshell, there
       | appears to be a lot of tomfoolery with CrowdStrike and the stuff
       | that happened with the DNC during the 2016 election. Here's some
       | of what I'm talking about:
       | 
       | There's a strong link between the DNC, Hillary, and CrowdStrike.
       | Here's once piece that links a cofounder of CrowdStrike with
       | Hillary pretty far back:
       | https://www.technologyreview.com/innovator/dmitri-alperovitc...
       | 
       | This 2017 piece talks about doubt behind CrowdStrike's analysis
       | of the DNC hack being the result of Russian actors. One of the
       | groups disputing CrowdStrike's analysis was Ukraine's military.
       | https://www.voanews.com/a/crowdstrike-comey-russia-hack-dnc-...
       | 
       | This detailed analysis of CrowdStrike's explanation of the DNC
       | hack goes so far as to say "this sounded made up"
       | https://threatconnect.com/resource/webinar-guccifer-2-0-the-...
       | 
       | The Threat Connect analysis is also discussed here:
       | https://thehill.com/business-a-lobbying/295670-prewritten-gu...
       | 
       | "For one, the vulnerability he claims to have used to hack the
       | NGP VAN ... was not introduced into the code until an update more
       | than three months after Guccifer claims to have entered the DNC
       | system."
       | 
       | Noted at the end of this story they mention that CrowdStrike
       | installed it's software on all of the DNC's systems:
       | https://www.ft.com/content/5eeff6fc-3253-11e6-bda0-04585c31b...
       | 
       | Finally, there's this famous but largely forgotten story of the
       | time Bernie's campaign was accused to accessing Hillary's data:
       | https://www.npr.org/2015/12/18/460273748/bernie-sanders-camp...
       | 
       | "This was a very egregious breach and our data was stolen," Mook
       | said. "We need to be sure that the Sanders campaign no longer has
       | access to our data."
       | 
       | "This bug was a brief, isolated issue, and we are not aware of
       | any previous reports of such data being inappropriately
       | available," the company said in a blog post on its website.
       | 
       | (edited for spelling)
        
       | Kye wrote:
       | There's a workaround: reboot 10-15 times. I've seen two people
       | say it independently, so maybe it's for real.
        
       | tonymet wrote:
       | No rolling updates? How could a 100% repro BSOD pass QC? I'm more
       | concerned about the deployment process than the crash itself.
       | Everyone experiences a bad build from time to time. How did this
       | possibly go live?
        
       | energy123 wrote:
       | On the plus side this will help us develop an immune system
       | against cyber attacks in any future war. Businesses will start
       | thinking of contingencies.
        
       | Key89 wrote:
       | is there an ELI5 on how can this happen? Like i get its a boot
       | loop, but what did crowdstrike do that cause it? How can non
       | malicious code trigger boot loop?
        
         | monocasa wrote:
         | Kernel driver bug that essentially defaults, then on reboot
         | loads the same driver early on segfaults and reboots again, ad
         | nauseum.
        
           | baryphonic wrote:
           | s/defaults/segfaults/ # stupid autocorrect
        
           | sieste wrote:
           | Best ELI5 ever!
        
         | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
         | Crowdstrike needs to be the first person in the room so that
         | they can act like the boss. If other people show up _before_
         | crowdstrike, there 's a possibility that they'll somehow
         | prevent crowdstrike from being the boss. For this reason,
         | crowdstrike integrates with the boot process in ways that most
         | software doesn't.
         | 
         | Their ability to monitor and intervene against all software on
         | the system also puts them in a position to break all software
         | on the system.
         | 
         | more accurately: s/boss/most informed spy/g
        
         | fsloth wrote:
         | I would not call Crowdstrike "non-malicious". It's incredibly
         | incompetently implemented kit that's sold to organizations as
         | snakeoil that "protects them from cybercrime". It's purpose is
         | to give incompetent IT managers to "implement something
         | plausible" against cyberincidents, and when an incident
         | happens, it gives them the excuse that "they followed best
         | practices".
         | 
         | It craps the users PC while at it too.
         | 
         | I hope the company burns to the ground and large organizations
         | realize it's not a really great idea to run a rootkit at every
         | PC "just because everyone else does it".
        
           | mulletbum wrote:
           | I have to say, it saved our ass a few months ago. Some hacker
           | got access to one of multiple brands server infrastructure,
           | started running PowerShell to weed through the rest and
           | CrowdStrike notified us (the owning brand) that something was
           | off about the PowerShell being ran. Turns out this small
           | brand was running a remote in tool that had an exploit. Had
           | Crowdstrike not been on that server we wouldn't have known
           | until someone manually got in there to look at it.
        
             | fsloth wrote:
             | Happy to know it works when needed!
             | 
             | But the implementation (when running on user PC:s) is still
             | half-baked.
             | 
             | My experience is using PC with Crowdstrike for daily
             | software development. In that setting it's quite terrible.
             | 
             | The server setting sounds a much more reasonable use.
        
               | crowdstriker wrote:
               | I've had CrowdStrike completely delete a debug binary I
               | ran from Visual Studio. Its injected module in every
               | single process shows up in all of our logging.
        
               | fsloth wrote:
               | Yep. Exactly this and more.
        
             | swells34 wrote:
             | I assume if you weren't running crowdstrike, you would have
             | still had logging/alerting systems set up, no?
        
           | kspacewalk2 wrote:
           | What specifically makes it "incredibly incompetently
           | implemented", and would you simply derisively describe any
           | system that can push updates requiring admin access a
           | "rootkit", or is there some way you envision a "competently
           | implemented rootkit" operating? Your opinion seems incredibly
           | strong so I'm just curious how you arrived at it? I'm not in
           | IT, but the idea of both rolling out updates remotely and
           | outsourcing the timely delivery of these updates to my door*
           | is a no brainer.
           | 
           | * if not directly to all my thousands of PCs without testing,
           | which is 100% a "me" task and not a "that cloud provider over
           | there" task
        
             | attentive wrote:
             | It's "rootkit" because it literally implements remote code
             | execution as root as a feature.
        
             | rawgabbit wrote:
             | Rootkit means Crowdstrike literally intercepts commands
             | before they can be executed in the CPU. It is like letting
             | a third party implant a chip in your brain. If the chip
             | thinks the command in your head is malicious, it will stop
             | your brain from ever receiving the command.
        
         | pas wrote:
         | What they did is that they forgot to write a graceful failure
         | mode for their driver loader. (And what they did on top of it
         | is to ship it without testing.)
        
           | jethro_tell wrote:
           | My assumption is that when you have graceful failure for
           | something like this, you risk a situation where someone
           | figures out how to make it gracefully fail, so no it's
           | disabled on this huge fleet.
           | 
           | It's likely that there have been multiple discussions about
           | graceful failure at the load stage and decided against for
           | 'security' reasons.
        
             | pas wrote:
             | If the threat model includes "someone can feed corrupted
             | files to us" then I would definitely want more robustness
             | and verification, not less.
             | 
             | It's perfectly okay to make the protected services
             | unavailable for security reasons, but still a management
             | API should be available, and periodically the device should
             | query whatever source of truth about the "imminent
             | dangers". And as the uncertainty decreases the service can
             | be made available again.
             | 
             | (Sure, then there's the argument against complexity in the
             | kernel ... true, but that simply means that they need to
             | have all this complexity upstream, testing/QA/etc. And
             | apparently what they had was not sufficient.)
        
         | skocznymroczny wrote:
         | Crashes in kernel mode usually result in BSODs.
        
       | piuantiderp wrote:
       | how come does anyone still use crowdstrike?
        
       | 1024core wrote:
       | Read on Mastodon:
       | https://infosec.exchange/@littlealex/112813425122476301
       | 
       | The CEO of Crowdstrike, George Kurtz, was the CTO of McAfee back
       | in 2010 when it sent out a bad update and caused similar issues
       | worldwide.
       | 
       | If at first you don't succeed, .... ;-) j/k
        
         | localfirst wrote:
         | Kurtz response is ridiculous blaming the customer on X. He will
         | probably find another company to hire him as CEO tho. Just an
         | upside down world in the C-suite world.
        
           | BaldricksGhost wrote:
           | Don't forget the golden parachute. These guys always seem to
           | fail upward.
        
           | jeffrallen wrote:
           | That guy is gonna fail all the way right up to the top.
           | Sheesh.
        
         | bloopernova wrote:
         | Worth $3.7B, paid $148M in 2022.
         | 
         | Edited to add: I wonder what the economic fallout from this
         | will be? 10x his monetary worth? 100x? (not trying to put a
         | price on the people who will die because of the outage; for
         | that he and everyone involved needs to go to jail)
        
           | mk89 wrote:
           | Nothing at all.
           | 
           | He will be the guy that convinced the investors and
           | stakeholders to pour more money into the company _despite_
           | some world-wide incident.
           | 
           | He deserves at least 3x the pay.
           | 
           | PS: look at the stocks! They sank, and now they are gaining
           | again value. People can't work, people die, flights get
           | delayed/canceled _because_ of their software.
        
             | grahar64 wrote:
             | "This is just a demonstration about how critical our
             | software is and how undervalued we are. If the whole world
             | economy requires us to run, we should be worth more" /s
        
               | mk89 wrote:
               | I am still waiting for someone saying how generative AI
               | (= chatbots/copilot) would have solved this problem, or
               | even "never let happen"...
        
               | Salgat wrote:
               | Generative AI would have mandated QA as best practice and
               | to limit corporate liability.
        
               | mk89 wrote:
               | Yeah well, obviously they don't need AI for that.
               | 
               | "We have unit tests coverage of 99%".
               | 
               | Let's be honest. :)
        
               | Salgat wrote:
               | >I run a software company that deploys antivirus software
               | automatically to customers' computers and servers. What
               | should I be aware of as part of this and what actions
               | should I ensure occur?
               | 
               | I gave it this question and part of the steps included
               | deploying to avoid peak hours to avoid potential
               | disruptions (such as the weekend for businesses);
               | including a way to detect deployment issues and easily
               | rollback the software in case there is an issue; and
               | testing the deployment in a controlled environment before
               | rolling it out to all customers (this would include doing
               | a small rollout before a larger one). All of these
               | actions are very standard and all would have greatly
               | helped in this situation.
        
               | mk89 wrote:
               | Crowdstrike (Falcon) has all possible compliance
               | certifications (they are PCI, FedRAMP, ISO-27001, etc.),
               | and these often include following standard practices of
               | SDLC, such as testing, deploying, incident management,
               | etc. And they are much more detailed than the answer from
               | AI.
               | 
               | My suspicion, as someone pointed out, is that they
               | deployed this update as a small patch, maybe bypassing
               | some controls and cutting some corners. I really wouldn't
               | blame it on lack of automated tests, etc. Only
               | crowdstrike people know how this thing possibly made it
               | to production.
        
               | Salgat wrote:
               | >What certifications should I have?
               | 
               | ChatGPT Obtaining relevant certifications can enhance the
               | credibility of your antivirus software and reassure
               | customers about its security, reliability, and compliance
               | with industry standards. Here are some key certifications
               | you should consider:
               | 
               | 1. Security Certifications: ISO/IEC 27001: This
               | certification specifies the requirements for
               | establishing, implementing, maintaining, and continually
               | improving an information security management system
               | (ISMS). It demonstrates your commitment to managing and
               | protecting sensitive information. ISO/IEC 15408 (Common
               | Criteria): This certification provides assurance that the
               | security features of your software have been rigorously
               | tested and meet internationally recognized standards. 2.
               | Quality Management Certifications: ISO 9001: This
               | certification focuses on quality management systems and
               | ensures that your processes consistently provide products
               | that meet customer and regulatory requirements. ISO/IEC
               | 25010: This standard specifies a model for evaluating
               | software quality, ensuring that your software meets high
               | standards of functionality, reliability, usability,
               | efficiency, maintainability, and portability. 3. Data
               | Privacy Certifications: GDPR Compliance: If you operate
               | in or serve customers in the European Union,
               | demonstrating compliance with the General Data Protection
               | Regulation (GDPR) is essential. CCPA Compliance: For
               | customers in California, compliance with the California
               | Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) is important. 4. Industry-
               | Specific Certifications: HIPAA Compliance: If your
               | software handles protected health information (PHI) in
               | the United States, ensuring compliance with the Health
               | Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) is
               | crucial. PCI DSS: If your software processes payment card
               | information, compliance with the Payment Card Industry
               | Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) is necessary. 5.
               | Product-Specific Certifications: ICSA Labs Certification:
               | ICSA Labs, an independent division of Verizon, provides
               | testing and certification for security products,
               | including antivirus software. Certification from ICSA
               | Labs can validate the effectiveness of your software. AV-
               | TEST Certification: The AV-TEST Institute is an
               | independent research institute that evaluates and
               | certifies antivirus software for its protection,
               | performance, and usability. An AV-TEST certification can
               | enhance your product's credibility. VB100 Certification:
               | Virus Bulletin (VB) offers the VB100 certification, which
               | is awarded to antivirus products that meet specific
               | criteria for detecting known malware without generating
               | false positives. OPSWAT Certification: OPSWAT offers
               | certifications that validate the interoperability and
               | effectiveness of cybersecurity products, including
               | antivirus software. 6. Environmental and Occupational
               | Health Certifications: ISO 14001: This certification
               | demonstrates your commitment to environmental management,
               | which can be important for corporate social
               | responsibility (CSR) and sustainability. ISO 45001: This
               | certification focuses on occupational health and safety
               | management systems, ensuring a safe and healthy workplace
               | for your employees.
        
               | dmonitor wrote:
               | "I asked ChatGPT how to prevent this and here's what it
               | said. <generic bullet points about software testing> AI
               | would have prevented this."
        
               | donalhunt wrote:
               | Every major outage when I worked at Google caused stock
               | price to increase for this exact reason.
               | 
               | IT is always considered a cost until execs realize its
               | critical to the company's existence. Keeping the lights
               | on always seems to be undervalued. :(
        
               | stingraycharles wrote:
               | You're joking but I actually think this is part of how
               | the CEO will frame things to investors.
        
             | blahyawnblah wrote:
             | Regarding the stock. I'm sure people are "buying the dip".
        
               | electrondood wrote:
               | From an investing perspective, that's fairly foolish
               | until the financial liability of the company has been
               | assessed.
        
               | recursive wrote:
               | Time will tell whether it's foolish or not.
        
               | mrmetanoia wrote:
               | so much seems based on sentiment now, might not matter as
               | much as it would have 15 years ago.
        
               | _heimdall wrote:
               | If you invest based on fundamentals and company finances,
               | you probably haven't had many chances to buy any
               | positions in the last decade. Stock prices are completely
               | unhinged from company financial reports.
        
         | matrix87 wrote:
         | who is hiring these fucking idiots? they need to be blacklisted
        
           | hbn wrote:
           | Reminds me of Phil Harrison who always seems to find himself
           | in an of executive position, botching launches of new video
           | game platforms - PlayStation 3, Xbox One, Google Stadia
        
           | Zanneth wrote:
           | Crowdstrike is run by humans just like you and me. One
           | mistake doesn't mean they are completely incompetent.
        
             | matrix87 wrote:
             | The CTO with a shitty track record, not the line employees.
             | He deserves zero reprieve
        
             | Salgat wrote:
             | Mistakes are perfectly fine, that's why multiple layers of
             | testing exist
        
               | jjav wrote:
               | > Mistakes are perfectly fine, that's why multiple layers
               | of testing exist
               | 
               | Indeed. Or in the case of crowdstrike, _should exist_.
               | Which clearly doesn 't for them.
        
             | 10rm wrote:
             | Except this isn't one mistake. Writing buggy code is a
             | mistake. Not catching it in testing, QA, dogfooding or
             | incremental rollouts is a complete institutional failure
        
             | jjav wrote:
             | > One mistake doesn't mean they are completely incompetent.
             | 
             | They are completely incompetent because for something as
             | critical as crowdstrike code, you _must_ build so many
             | layers of validation that one, two or three mistakes don 't
             | matter because they will be caught _before_ the code ends
             | up in a customer system.
             | 
             | Looks like they have so little validation that one mistake
             | (which is by itself totally normal) can end up bricking
             | large parts of the economy without ever being caught. Which
             | is neither normal nor competent.
        
           | markus_zhang wrote:
           | CXOs usually have deep connection and great contracts (golden
           | parachutes, etc.) that make them extremely difficult to fire
           | and amiable to hire :)
        
           | duped wrote:
           | He founded the company
        
         | SkyPuncher wrote:
         | Eh. To be fair, the higher profile your job is, the more likely
         | you'll be the face of one of these in your career.
        
           | OsrsNeedsf2P wrote:
           | Ok but he faced two
        
             | financetechbro wrote:
             | "There's an old saying in Tennessee -- I know it's in
             | Texas, probably in Tennessee -- that says, fool me once,
             | shame on -- shame on you. Fool me -- you can't get fooled
             | again."
             | 
             | - GWB
        
         | anonymous8888 wrote:
         | fool me once...
        
         | mvkel wrote:
         | If anything, this just shows how short-term our memory is. I
         | imagine crowdstrike stock will be back to where it was by the
         | end of next week.
         | 
         | I bet they don't even lose a meaningful amount of customers.
         | Switching costs are too high.
         | 
         | A real shame, and a good reminder that we don't own the things
         | we think we own.
        
           | akira2501 wrote:
           | > this just shows how short-term our memory is.
           | 
           | I've been out of IT proper for a while, so to me, I had to
           | ask "the Russiagate guys are selling AV software now?"
        
           | _heimdall wrote:
           | I don't partake in the stock market these days, but this is
           | the kind of event that you can make good money betting the
           | price will come back up.
           | 
           | When a company makes major headlines for bad news like this
           | investors almost always over react and drive the price too
           | far down.
        
             | caller9 wrote:
             | I dunno. The stock price will probably dead cat bounce, but
             | this is the sort of thing that causes companies to spiral
             | eventually.
             | 
             | They just made thousands of IT people physically visit
             | machines to fix them. Then all the other IT people watched
             | that happen globally. CTOs got angry emails from other
             | C-levels and VPs. Real money was lost. Nobody is
             | recommending this company for a while.
             | 
             | It may put a dent in Microsoft as splash damage.
        
               | _heimdall wrote:
               | My (very unprofessional) guess here is that investors in
               | the near term will discount the company too heavily and
               | the previously overvalued stock will blow past a
               | realistic valuation and be priced too low for a little
               | while. The software and company aren't going anywhere as
               | far as I can tell, they have far too much marketshare and
               | use of CrowdStrike is often a contractual obligation.
               | 
               | That said, I don't gamble against trading algorithms
               | these days and am only guessing at what I think will
               | happen. Anyone passing by, please don't take random
               | online posts as financial advice.
        
               | chgs wrote:
               | After yesterday, CRWD is still up more than the S&P since
               | the start of the year, and both are up insane amounts.
               | 
               | The stock market is unrelated to reality.
        
               | asynchronous wrote:
               | Honestly makes me angry, if we had a sense of justice in
               | this world this would devastate them financially.
        
               | abixb wrote:
               | >It may put a dent in Microsoft as splash damage.
               | 
               | I have a feeling that Microsoft's PR team will be able to
               | navigate this successfully and Microsoft might even
               | benefit from this incident as it tries to pull customers
               | away from CrowdStrike Falcon and into its own EDR product
               | -- Microsoft Defender for Endpoint.
        
           | omeid2 wrote:
           | With a P/E of over 573? Doubt it will recover that fast.
        
         | pseudopersonal wrote:
         | Yet another successful loser who somehow continues to ascend
         | corporate ranks despite poor company performance. Just shows
         | how disconnected job performance is from C-suite peer reviews,
         | a glorified popularity contest. Should add the unity and
         | better.com folk here
        
       | belter wrote:
       | It's not the first time they pull something similar...1 month
       | ago: "CrowdStrike bug maxes out 100% of CPU, requires Windows
       | reboots" - https://www.thestack.technology/crowdstrike-bug-maxes-
       | out-10...
       | 
       | 75 Billion dollars valuation, CNBC Analysts praising the company
       | this morning on how well the company is run!...When in reality
       | they can't master the most basic of the phased deployment
       | methodologies known for 20 years...
       | 
       | Hundreds of handsomely paid CTO's, at companies with billions of
       | dollars in valuations, critical healthcare, airlines, who can't
       | master the most basic of the concepts of "Everything fails all
       | the time"...
       | 
       | This whole industry is depressing....
        
         | monkmartinez wrote:
         | This borked our dispatch/911 call center then as well. However,
         | it wasn't as bad as this one. This outage put our entire public
         | safety system into the stone age and with that we were at stone
         | age efficiency.
        
           | BaldricksGhost wrote:
           | I work IT at a regional 911 center. We're fine but I
           | sympathize with those who are back to pen and paper
           | dispatching. Hard for most current dispatchers to realize the
           | way we did it back in the day.
        
         | chronid wrote:
         | What I find definitely depressing is the fact we used to roll
         | out progressively even OS upgrades (I guess now that is done
         | through intune?) and was one point in favor of windows (on
         | Linux you had to do things yourself at the time AFAIK, I don't
         | think the situation has improved much).
         | 
         | Nowadays we get mandated random software upgrading at once on
         | the entire company fleet and no one bats an eye - I counted
         | more than a dozen agents installed for "security" and
         | "monitoring" purposes in my previous company servers, many of
         | those with hooks in the kernel obviously, and many of those
         | installed with random policies to tick yet another compliance
         | box...
        
           | consp wrote:
           | > (on Linux you had to do things yourself at the time AFAIK,
           | I don't think the situation has improved much)
           | 
           | You can schedule the updates any time you want, want to do it
           | staggered then configure that, want to do it all at the same
           | time then do that, want it with a random interval also
           | possible. I don't see the "you need to do everything
           | yourself" option as much as any managed environment.
        
             | chronid wrote:
             | Centralized management is very useful, just a random delay
             | is not enough. One of the (big) companies I worked with had
             | jury rigged something with chef I believe to show different
             | machines different "repositories" and roll things out
             | progressively (1% of the fleet, 5%...).
        
             | chefandy wrote:
             | I haven't been a sys admin in a very long time so my
             | systems knowledge might be outdated, but I reckon
             | functionality like intune's built-in monitoring of specific
             | feature install failures would make a huge difference with
             | a few dozen systems, let alone the hundreds of thousands
             | you see in some of today's deployments. It's not like that
             | stuff isn't possible on Linux, but if you're coordinating
             | more than a few systems, that turns into a big, expensive
             | project pretty quickly.
        
             | waterhouse wrote:
             | Staggering is necessary in some cases. I've heard of
             | scenarios where a company has lots of devices in the field
             | which all simultaneously try to download a big update, and
             | DDOS the servers hosting that update.
        
         | segasaturn wrote:
         | Those "CNBC analysts" truly know nothing, especially when it
         | comes to tech. They're just cheerleaders who repeat talking
         | points all days.
        
         | nothercastle wrote:
         | The worst part is that nobody will be held accountable. A F up
         | like this should wipe out the entire company but instead
         | everyone will just shrug it off as an opposie a few low level
         | employees will get punished and nothing will change.
        
         | alexose wrote:
         | > This whole industry is depressing....
         | 
         | I'll take it a step further and say that _every_ industry is
         | depressing when it comes to computers at scale.
         | 
         | Rather than build efficient, robust, fault-tolerant,
         | deterministic systems built for correctness, we somehow manage
         | to do the exact opposite. We have zettabytes and exaflops at
         | our fingertips, and yet, we somehow keep making things slower.
         | Our user interfaces are noisier than ever, and our helpdesks
         | are less helpful than they used to be.
        
           | mihaaly wrote:
           | Exactly! :(
           | 
           | I am drifting towards hating to turn on my computer in the
           | morning. The whole day is like pissing into the wind, trying
           | to find workaround of annoyances or even malfunctions,
           | getting rid of obstructive noise from all direction, my
           | productivity using modern computer systems is diminishing
           | compared to where it was just mere 10-15 years ago (still
           | better than 25 years ago not only becuase of experience but
           | also the access of information on demand). Very depressing. I
           | should have became a farmer perhaps.
        
       | nu11ptr wrote:
       | This whole thing likely would have been averted had microkernel
       | architectures caught on during the early days (with all drivers
       | in user mode). Performance would have likely been a non-issue,
       | not only due to the state of the art L4 designs that came later,
       | but mostly because had it been adopted everything in the industry
       | would have evolved with it (async I/O more prevalent, batched
       | syscalls, etc.).
       | 
       | I will admit we've done pretty well with kernel drivers (and
       | better than I would have ever expected tbh), but given our new
       | security focused environment it seems like now is the time to
       | start pivoting again. The trade offs are worth it IMO.
        
         | lizknope wrote:
         | Not disagreeing with you but we need operating systems with
         | snapshots before updates and a trivial way to rollback the
         | update.
         | 
         | Linux has some immutable OS versions and also btrfs snapshots
         | and booting a specific snapshot from the GRUB bootloader
        
           | crote wrote:
           | I wonder if for critical applications we'll ever go back to
           | just PXE booting images from a central server: just load a
           | barebones kernel and the app you want to run into a dedicated
           | memory segment, mark _everything else_ as NX, and you don 't
           | even have to worry about things like viruses and hacks
           | anymore. Run into an issue? Just reboot!
        
       | chinathrow wrote:
       | Yet their stock tanked only a couple of dollars. They (and their
       | customers) should face some rather unpleasant lawsuits. If you
       | let others own your systems, you should not be allowed to provide
       | critical infrastructure.
        
         | rabidonrails wrote:
         | I don't think you're going to see as many lawsuits are you
         | think. Most of these contracts probably state that they had to
         | follow _reasonable_ precautions for business continuity and
         | data recovery. Having Crowdstrike in the path seems to have
         | been a reasonable and potentially best practice before today 's
         | outage.
         | 
         | I don't think that companies are going to be held liable at
         | all.
        
           | akdev1l wrote:
           | Crowdstrike should be held liable and sued out of existence.
        
             | medion wrote:
             | They won't. If crowdstrike was an individual or a state
             | there would be repercussions. But this will all be a
             | forgotten memory in two weeks or less.
        
           | fsloth wrote:
           | I do hope some organizations realize though it's not a great
           | idea to have a half-baked rootkit as your lucky charm against
           | cybercrime.
        
             | rabidonrails wrote:
             | Eh. I think you're underestimating how overmatched these IT
             | depts are when it comes to cybersecurity.
             | 
             | Either sign a contract with a best-in-class (even if in
             | name only) vendor who says that they'll do all of this for
             | us or we need to become "experts" in cybersecurity and
             | potentially still use them.
             | 
             | The CIO is overmatched here so they're making the decision
             | that protects them and their clients in _almost all_ cases.
        
           | choilive wrote:
           | Once they are taken to court and all their crap gets
           | subpoena'd I think we might find that reasonable precautions
           | were not taken.
           | 
           | Its possible that this update was never properly QA'd and was
           | just rushed out the door. If thats the case then it could be
           | found to be negligence, and no amount of legal jargon
           | protects you from negligence. It could be the end of
           | CrowdStrike. /end fud.
        
             | simplicio wrote:
             | Think the parent meant the _client_ companies probably won
             | 't generally be held liable. CrowdStrike is certainly going
             | to be in all sorts of trouble.
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | They didn't force anyone to use their software in critical
         | infrastructure. The customers deploying the software as part of
         | critical infrastructure should take the necessary precautions
         | _or_ insist on a contractual agreement that makes the vendor
         | liable for any causally related failures of the critical
         | infrastructure. The mistake is that so much software is being
         | put into use without any substantial liability. Doing so would
         | also make software much, much more expensive.
        
           | paulmd wrote:
           | unqualified people on the internet shouldn't give legal
           | advice, but since we're doing it anyway: no, this is
           | definitely not true and if you make assurances about the
           | fitness of the good you are on the hook when it fails, even
           | if it's some absurdly improbable "I had no way of knowing
           | that our pencils intended for schoolchildren would be used on
           | a spacecraft" situation.
           | 
           | There is a reason you will see a ton of warranties and terms
           | of service/EULA _specifically_ forbid or disclaim the use in
           | life-critical situations, in which case you _are_ safe,
           | because you said don 't do it. But if you don't, you
           | generally are going to be liable.
           | 
           | Sadly there is a reason the chainsaws say "do not stop chain
           | with genitals". Not only did someone probably do that, but
           | the damages stuck.
           | 
           | example, I was talking about the CUDA license yesterday and
           | of course one of the clauses is:
           | 
           | > You acknowledge that the SDK as delivered is not tested or
           | certified by NVIDIA for use in connection with the design,
           | construction, maintenance, and/or operation of any system
           | where the use or failure of such system could result in a
           | situation that threatens the safety of human life or results
           | in catastrophic damages (each, a "Critical Application").
           | Examples of Critical Applications include use in avionics,
           | navigation, autonomous vehicle applications, ai solutions for
           | automotive products, military, medical, life support or other
           | life critical applications. NVIDIA shall not be liable to you
           | or any third party, in whole or in part, for any claims or
           | damages arising from such uses. You are solely responsible
           | for ensuring that any product or service developed with the
           | SDK as a whole includes sufficient features to comply with
           | all applicable legal and regulatory standards and
           | requirements.
           | 
           | Why is this here? because they'd be liable otherwise, and
           | more generally they want to be on the record as saying "hey
           | idiot don't use this in a life-critical system".
           | 
           | There might well be a clause like that in crowdstrike's
           | license too, of course. But the problem is it's generally
           | different when what you are providing is a mission-critical
           | safety/security system... hard to duck responsibility for
           | being in critical places when you are actively trying to
           | position yourself in critical places.
        
             | layer8 wrote:
             | What you say doesn't contradict my comment. I'm sure that
             | CrowdStrike has disclaimers.
        
             | dpc050505 wrote:
             | >Sadly there is a reason the chainsaws say "do not stop
             | chain with genitals". Not only did someone probably do
             | that, but the damages stuck.
             | 
             | This is very dependent on your jurisdiction. The USA's laws
             | leave a lot more room for litigating in a way which I would
             | deem frivolous than those of Canada. If you sell a chainsaw
             | with safety features that adhere to common standards you
             | should reasonably expect people not to try to stop it with
             | their ballsack and a court of law that holds the
             | manufacturer liable for moronic use of the object is a
             | poorly designed court.
        
             | IG_Semmelweiss wrote:
             | I think you have it flipped. Any clause in a contract is a
             | negotiation. Warranties and insurance coverage are part of
             | it.
             | 
             | Any smart CIO would have said - ill take what you sell but
             | if you fail i can come back and haunt you and you are going
             | to give me endorsement for your product insurance and i'll
             | require upping your coverage + notifications of you being
             | up to date with your insurance policy that has 50XXX M in
             | coverage, minimum.
             | 
             | If the software is sitting on top of your business core IT,
             | you must protect the business in its entirety by demanding
             | a proportional shield, and using IT vendor's own IT
             | insurance shield as if it was your own. And demanding more
             | coverage, if the shield is too small . Then once those
             | elements are in place, you are protected. Its as simple as
             | that.
        
         | umanwizard wrote:
         | Their stock is down 13% right now... pretty huge for an intra-
         | day drop.
        
         | Bluestein wrote:
         | I mean, seriously: You _can_ cause a worldwide outage of
         | gargantuan proportions, affecting actual human lives and untold
         | points off GDP in several countries ...
         | 
         | ... and the market gives you the equivalent of a wrist slap? No
         | lawsuits?
         | 
         | What is it down to? Anonymous hit markets? Where is justice
         | going to be served here?
         | 
         | PS. Most outlets are reporting "a fix has been issued" - as in
         | "Whoopsy. No biggie" ...
         | 
         | ... I mean, who's going to make affected (still alive!) people
         | whole?
        
       | Ringz wrote:
       | By chance, I watched a few episodes of 911 and kept thinking that
       | it was all completely unrealistic nonsense. Then there's an
       | episode where the entire emergency call system for LA goes down,
       | and even though there were different reasons in the episode (a
       | transformer fire), I couldn't have imagined that it was actually
       | possible to completely disable the emergency call system (and
       | what else) of a city.
        
       | qwerty456127 wrote:
       | WTF is CrowdStrike and why is it affecting so many people and
       | companies? I've never heard of it before. And apparently it isn't
       | anything relevant to all Windows users as it didn't affect any
       | computer of any person I personally know.
        
         | tonymet wrote:
         | Very popular corporate endpoint protection (malware detection
         | and spyware) that runs telemetry & monitoring agents installed
         | as kernel-mode drivers on windows. Thus if there is a crash, it
         | crashes the entire kernel (BSOD) . And their drivers load at
         | boot.
        
       | nothercastle wrote:
       | I love how their company name foreshadows this exact event. It's
       | malware pretending to be a security suite.
        
       | satisfice wrote:
       | I want to say the problem is that the industry has systematically
       | devalued software testing in favor of continuous delivery and the
       | strategy of hoping that any problems are easy to roll back.
       | 
       | But it's deeper than that: the industry realizes that, once you
       | get to a certain size, no one can hurt you much. Crowdstrike will
       | not pay a lasting penalty for what has just happen, which means
       | executives will shrug and treat this as a random bolt of
       | lightning.
        
       | etc-hosts wrote:
       | Mission critical systems should be running something like
       | ChromeOS.
       | 
       | Too bad ChromeOS seems be on the way out at Google.
        
       | 01100011 wrote:
       | This might be a good time for folks to go back and watch the
       | first episode of James Burke's Connections: The Trigger Effect
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NcOb3Dilzjc
       | 
       | Interconnected systems can fail spectacularly in unforeseen ways.
       | Strange that something so obvious is so often dismissed or
       | overlooked.
        
         | rincebrain wrote:
         | If you realize something horrific, your options are to decide
         | it's not your problem (and feel guilty when it blows up),
         | carefully forget you learned it, or try to do something to get
         | it changed.
         | 
         | Since the last of these involves overcoming everyone else's
         | shared distress in admitting the emperor has no clothes, and
         | the first of these involves a lot of distress for you
         | personally, a lot of people opt for option B.
        
           | HPsquared wrote:
           | Option C is to quietly distance yourself from it.
        
           | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
           | > overcoming everyone else's shared distress in admitting the
           | emperor has no clothes
           | 
           | I don't disagree, but why do we do we react this way? Doesn't
           | knowing the emperor has no clothes instill a bit of hope that
           | things can change? I feel for the people who were impacted by
           | this, but I'm also a little bit excited. Like... NOW can we
           | fix it? Please?
        
             | johnklos wrote:
             | It's a nice idea, but has that worked historically? Some
             | people will make changes, but I think we'd be naive to
             | think that things will change in any large and meaningful
             | way.
             | 
             | Having another I-told-you-so isn't so bad, though - it does
             | give us IT people a little more latitude when we tell
             | people that buying the insecurity fix du jour increases
             | work and adds more problems than it addresses.
        
               | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
               | Sure, on long enough timescales. I mean, there's less
               | lead in the environment than there used to be. We don't
               | practice blood letting anymore. Things change. Eventually
               | enough will be enough and we'll start using systems that
               | are transparent about what their inputs are and have a
               | way of operating in cases where the user disables one of
               | those inputs because it's causing problems (e.g.
               | crowdstrike updates).
               | 
               | I'd just like it to be soon because I'm interested in
               | building such systems and I'd rather be paid to do so
               | instead of doing it on my off time.
        
               | Bluestein wrote:
               | > We don't practice blood letting anymore. Things change
               | 
               | Gonna make me a Tshirt outta this :)
        
             | rincebrain wrote:
             | The problem is, making noise incurs risk.
             | 
             | The higher up in large organizations you go, in politics or
             | employment or w/e, the more what matters is not facts, but
             | avoiding being visibly seen to have made a mistake, so you
             | become risk-averse, and just ride the status quo unless
             | it's an existential threat to you or something you can
             | capitalize on for someone else's misjudgment.
             | 
             | So if you can't directly gain from pointing out the
             | emperor's missing clothes, there's no incentive to call it
             | out, there's active risk to calling it out if other people
             | won't agree, and moreover, this provides an active
             | incentive for those with political capital in the
             | organization to suppress the embarrassment of anyone
             | pointing out they did not admit the problem everyone knew
             | was there.
             | 
             | (This is basically how you get the "actively suppress any
             | exceptions to people collectively treating something as a
             | missing stair" behaviors.)
        
               | galangalalgol wrote:
               | I've not seen that at my fortune 100. I found other's
               | willing to agree and we walked it up to the most senior
               | evp in the corporation. Got face time andbwe weren't
               | punished. Just, nothing changed. Some of the directors
               | that helped walk it up the chain eventually became more
               | powerful and the suggested actions took place about 15
               | years later.
        
               | rincebrain wrote:
               | Sure, I've certainly seen exceptions, and valued them a
               | lot.
               | 
               | But often, at least in my experience, exceptions are
               | limited in scope to whatever part of the org chart the
               | person who is the exception is in charge of, and then
               | that still governs everything outside of that box...
        
               | Bluestein wrote:
               | And, another problem, if I may: This, too will be soon
               | forgotten. Our "attention cycle" is too short.-
               | 
               | (Look all the recent, severe supply chain attacks by
               | state actors, and how soon they have been displaced off-
               | focus ...)
        
               | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
               | So if we want our technology to be more reliable, we need
               | to make its current unreliability into an existential
               | threat to certain people?
               | 
               | I mean, it already is to _some_ people, as shown
               | elsewhere in this thread. Seems like it 's the wrong
               | people though.
        
             | AmpsterMan wrote:
             | Going off of that framework:
             | 
             | Because doing three requires convincing a bunch of people
             | that are currently doing number two, to do number one
             | instead.
        
           | yawnxyz wrote:
           | there are way too many horrific things in the world to learn
           | about... and then realizing you can't do something about
           | every of those things. But at least you can tackle one of
           | them! (In my case, antibiotic resistance)
        
         | fsloth wrote:
         | Crowdstrike though is not part of a system of engineered
         | design.
         | 
         | It's a half-baked rootkit sold as a figleaf for incompetent it
         | managers so they can implement "best practices" in their
         | companys PC:s.
         | 
         | The people purchasing it don't actually know what it does, they
         | just know it's something they can invest their cybersecurity
         | budget into and have an easy way to fullfill their "implement
         | cybersecurity" kpi:s without needing to do anything themselves.
        
           | lawlessone wrote:
           | >they just know it's something they can invest their
           | cybersecurity budget into and have an easy way to fullfill
           | their "implement cybersecurity" kpi:s
           | 
           | To be fair. This is what companies like Crowdstrike are
           | selling to these managers. Emphasis on the world "SELLING"
        
             | fsloth wrote:
             | Exactly.
        
             | 015a wrote:
             | Exactly, and this is why I've heard the take that the
             | companies who integrate this software need to be held
             | responsible by not having proper redundancy, and while its
             | a fine take, we need to keep absolutely assailing blame at
             | Crowdstrike and even Microsoft. They're the companies that
             | drum the beat of war every chance they get, scaring
             | otherwise reasonable people into thinking that the
             | Cyberworld is ending and only their software can save them,
             | who push stupid compliance and security frameworks, and
             | straight-up lie to their prospects about the capabilities
             | and stability of their product. Microsoft sets the
             | absolutely dog water standard of "you get updates, you cant
             | turn them off, you can't stagger them, you can't delay
             | them, you get no control, fuck you".
        
           | bryant wrote:
           | This is an interesting response. I'm curious why you
           | specifically believe "it's a half-baked rootkit sold as a
           | figleaf for incompetent it managers."
        
             | KolmogorovComp wrote:
             | because it took down half the world?
        
               | rvnx wrote:
               | and it shows that the deployment process was not under
               | control and that something malicious could have happened
               | as well
        
             | leni536 wrote:
             | Because a security software shouldn't be able to cause a
             | kernel panic, but if it can, then the kernel component
             | should be rock solid.
        
             | fsloth wrote:
             | That's my experience as an unfortunate user of a PC as a
             | software engineer in an org where every PC was mandated to
             | install crowdstrike. Fortune 1000.
             | 
             | It ran amok of every PC it was installed to. Nobody could
             | tell exactly what it did, or why.
             | 
             | Engineering management attempted to argue against it. This
             | resulted in quite public discourse which made the
             | incompetence of the relevant parties in it-management
             | related to it's implementation obvious.
             | 
             | Not _negligently_ incompetent. Just incompetent enough that
             | it was obvious they did not understand the system they
             | administered from any set of core principles.
             | 
             | It was also obvious it was implemented only because "it was
             | a product you could buy to implement cybersecurity". What
             | this actually meant from systems architecture point of view
             | was apparently irrelevant.
             | 
             | One could argue the only task of IT management is to act as
             | a dumb middleman between the budget and service providers.
             | So if it's acceptable it managers don't actually need to
             | know anything of computers, then the claim of incompetence
             | can of course be dropped.
        
             | matkoniecz wrote:
             | Which part seems dubious to you?
        
           | jacurtis wrote:
           | That is how all of these tools are. I have always told people
           | that third-party virus scanners are just viruses that we are
           | ok with having. They slow down our computers, reduce our
           | security, many of them have keyloggers in them (to detect
           | other keyloggers). We just trust them more than we trust
           | unknown ones so we give it over to them.
           | 
           | CloudStrike is a little broader of course. But yeah, its a
           | rootkit that we trust to protect us from other rootkits. Its
           | like fighting fire with fire.
        
             | fsloth wrote:
             | 100%
        
               | rvnx wrote:
               | It's like when you are using Wiz. You give your most
               | secret files to former Israeli intelligence officers, and
               | hope for the best.
               | 
               | It doesn't really make your data "more secure" or
               | "private".
        
             | Angostura wrote:
             | See also hosted VPN companies
        
             | jiggawatts wrote:
             | This is the same argument as saying the government is just
             | the biggest gang -- a mafia with uniforms.
        
               | mikelitoris wrote:
               | Which is... true?
        
               | fsloth wrote:
               | The government metaphor is apt. Someone has overall
               | authority over your compute and data on your PC. In
               | general I would view the OS as the government.
        
           | ilya_m wrote:
           | > have an easy way to fullfill their "implement
           | cybersecurity"
           | 
           | There's a typo in there. "Do cyber" is how the said managers
           | would phrase it.
        
             | Natsu wrote:
             | That kind of phrasing lends itself to some wild
             | misunderstandings...
        
           | thelittleone wrote:
           | Perhaps true in some cases but in regulated insustries
           | (example fed regulated banks) a tool like crowdstrike
           | addresses several controls that if uncontrolled result in
           | regulatory fines. Regulated companies rarely employ home
           | grown tools due to maintainance risk. But now as we see these
           | rootkit or even agent based security tools bring their own
           | risks.
        
             | fsloth wrote:
             | I'm not arguing against the need to follow regulations. I'm
             | not familiar what specifically is required by banks. All
             | I'm saying Crowdstrike sucks as a specific offering. I'm
             | sure there are worse ways to check the boxes (there always
             | is) but that's not a much of a praise.
             | 
             | My rant is from a perspective in an org that most certainly
             | was not a bank (b2b software/hardware) and there was enough
             | of ruckus to tell it was not mandated there by any specific
             | regulation (hence incompetence).
        
             | josephcsible wrote:
             | The point is that CrowdStrike is only useful for
             | compliance, not for security.
        
               | p_l wrote:
               | A properly used endpoint protection system is a powerful
               | tool for security.
               | 
               | It's just that you can gamble compliance by claiming you
               | have certain controls handled by purchasing
               | crowdstrike... then leave it not properly deployed and
               | without actual real security team in control of it (maybe
               | there will be few underpaid and overworked people getting
               | pestered by BS from management)
        
           | rozap wrote:
           | I think a lot about software that is fundamentally flawed but
           | gets propelled up in value due to great sales and marketing.
           | It makes me question the industry.
           | 
           | It's interesting that this is being referred to as a black
           | swan event in the markets. If you look at the SolarWinds
           | fiasco from a few years ago, there are some differences, but
           | it boils down to problems with shitty software having too
           | many privileges being deployed all over the place. It's a
           | weak mono culture and eventually a plague will cause
           | devastation. I think a screw up for these sorts of software
           | models shouldn't really be thought of as a black swan event,
           | but instead an inevitability.
        
             | stackskipton wrote:
             | But most managers get to their positions by passing the
             | buck and not being present when inevitability happens or
             | being able to blame the other guy.
        
           | isaacremuant wrote:
           | Very well put. Compliance over actual ops or security.
        
         | Bluestein wrote:
         | Again, as I feel I must every time Connections is mentioned:
         | That series is an unmitigated masterpiece. It really is ...
        
         | cchance wrote:
         | My issue is WTF do sooooooo many companies trust this 1 fucking
         | company lol, like its always some obscure company that every
         | major corporation is trusting lol. All because crowdstrike
         | apparently throws good parties for C-Level execs lol
        
         | keeganpoppen wrote:
         | Nassim Taleb is having a good day
        
         | eviks wrote:
         | Except this is not that, good and known practices exist against
         | these kind of fails, and are used by others.
        
       | coderinsan wrote:
       | CrowdStrike today has shown why it's absolutely crucial to test
       | code before deployment, say no to YOLO deployments with LLM
       | powered software testing https://github.com/codeintegrity-
       | ai/mutahunter
        
       | LrnByTeach wrote:
       | what many people of not taking is that why we are here:
       | 
       | one simple reason: all eggs in one Microsoft PC basket
       | 
       | why in one Microsoft PC basket?
       | 
       | - most corporate desktop apps are developed for Windows ONLY
       | 
       | Why most corporate desktop apps are developed for Windows ONLY?
       | 
       | - it is cheaper to develop and distribute since, 90% of
       | corporations use Windows PCs ( Chicken and Egg problem)
       | 
       | - alternate Mac Laptops are 3x more expensive, so corporations
       | can't afford
       | 
       | - there are no robust industrial grade Linux laptops from PC
       | vendors (lack of support, fear of Microsoft may penalize for
       | promoting Linux laptops etc.)
       | 
       | 1/ Most large corporations (Airlines, Hospitals etc..) can AFFORD
       | & DEMAND their Software vendors to provide their ' business
       | desktop applications' both in Windows and Linux versions and
       | install mix of both Operating systems.
       | 
       | 2/ majority of corporate desktop applications can be Web
       | applications (Browser based) removing the single vendor Microsoft
       | Windows PC/Laptops
       | 
       | -
        
         | ahachete wrote:
         | Lenovo and Dell have some laptops with Linux, and they are very
         | good ones.
         | 
         | (not sure if you meant rugged ones, that may not be the case,
         | but I guess this is a tiny percentage of the market)
        
           | linuxlizard wrote:
           | Crowdstrike also has an Ubuntu Linux version. We're required
           | to install it at work.
        
         | trhway wrote:
         | SolarWinds story was quickly forgotten, and this one will be
         | too, and we'll continue to build such special single points of
         | global catastrophic failure into our craftly architected
         | decentralized highly robust horizontally scaled multi-
         | datacenter-region systems
        
           | rtev wrote:
           | Solarwinds is still dealing with the reputation damage and
           | fallout today from that breach. People don't forget about
           | this stuff. the lawsuits will likely be hitting crowdstrike
           | for years to come
        
           | TeaBrain wrote:
           | The SolarWinds story wasn't forgotten. Late last year the SEC
           | launched a complaint against SolarWinds and its CISO. It was
           | only yesterday that many of the SEC's claims against the CISO
           | were dismissed.
        
         | ttyprintk wrote:
         | No less than three baskets, or you cannot apply for bailouts.
         | If you want to argue your industry is a load-bearing element in
         | the economy: no less than three baskets.
        
         | watermelon0 wrote:
         | Windows is not the issue here. If all of the businesses used
         | Linux, a similar software product, deployed as widely as
         | Crowdstrike, with auto-update, could result in the same issue.
         | 
         | Same goes for the OS; if let's say majority of businesses used
         | RHEL with auto updates, RedHat could in theory push an update,
         | that would result bring down all machines.
        
           | antihero wrote:
           | I would posit that RedHat have a slightly longer and more
           | proven track record than Crowdstrike, and more transparent
           | process with how they release updates.
           | 
           | No entity is infallible but letting one closed source opaque
           | corporation have the keys to break everything isn't
           | resilient.
        
             | oblio wrote:
             | His example actually had 2 parts. One RH bricking the OS,
             | the other one with a commercial vendor creating software
             | with separate auto update.
             | 
             | You've only addressed the RH OS angle.
        
           | phkahler wrote:
           | >> Windows is not the issue here.
           | 
           | Yes it is. Windows was created for the "Personal Computer"
           | with zero thought initially put in to security. It has been
           | fighting that heritage for 30 years. The reason Crowdstrike
           | exists at all is due to shortcomings (real or perceived) in
           | Windows security.
           | 
           | Unix (and hence Linux and MacOS) was designed as a multi-user
           | system from the start, so access controls and permissions
           | were there from the start. It may have been a flawed security
           | model and has been updated over time, but at least it started
           | some notion of security. These ideas had already expanded to
           | networks before Microsoft ever heard the word Netscape.
        
             | qwytw wrote:
             | > was designed as a multi-user system from the start, so
             | access controls and permissions were there from the start.
             | 
             | Right and Windows NT wasn't? Obviously it supported all of
             | those things from the very beginning (possibly even in a
             | superior way to Unix in some cases considering it's a
             | significantly more modern OS)...
             | 
             | The fact that MS developed another OS called Windows (3.1
             | -> 95 -> 98) prior to that which was to some extent binary
             | compatible with NT seems somewhat tangential. Otherwise the
             | same arguments would surely apply to MacOS as well?
             | 
             | > These ideas had already expanded to networks before
             | Microsoft ever heard the word Netscape.
             | 
             | Does not seem like a good thing on its own to me. Just
             | solidifies the fact the it's an inherently less modern OS
             | than Windows(NT) (which still might have various design
             | flaws obviously, that might be worth discussing, it just
             | has nothing to do whatsoever with what you're claiming
             | here...)
        
             | tapoxi wrote:
             | We have Crowdstrike on our Linux fleet. It is not merely a
             | malware scanner but is capable of identifying and stopping
             | zero-day attacks that attempt local privilege escalation.
             | It can, for example, detect and block attempts to exploit
             | CVE-2024-3094 - the xz backdoor.
             | 
             | Perhaps we need to move to an even more restrictive design
             | like Fuschia, or standardize on an open source eBPF based
             | utility that's built, tested, and shipped with a
             | distribution's specific kernel, but Windows is not the
             | issue here.
        
             | sabas123 wrote:
             | Security is a complex and deeply evolved field. Many modern
             | required security practices are quite recent from a
             | historical perspective because we simply didn't know we
             | would need them.
             | 
             | A safe security first OS from 20 years ago would most
             | likely be horribly insecure now.
        
           | LrnByTeach wrote:
           | yes, staggered software update is the way to go. there was
           | reply in this thread why Crowdstrike did not do it -- don't
           | want extra cost of Engineering for that
           | 
           | having 1/3 of Airlines computers Windows, RHEL, Ubuntu .. all
           | unlikely to hit same problems at same time.
        
             | bentcorner wrote:
             | But you're more likely to encounter problems. That's likely
             | a good thing as it improves your DR documentation and
             | processes but could be a harder sell to the suits.
        
             | hello_moto wrote:
             | The update here is relevant to catch 0day exploit.
             | 
             | Without the update, your system is "naked" for the
             | duration.
        
           | doubled112 wrote:
           | https://access.redhat.com/solutions/7068083
           | 
           | Just last month there were issues between RHEL's kernel
           | update and Crowdstrike.
        
             | dima55 wrote:
             | I'd like to read more about it, but that link is...
             | paywalled I think? It's not even clear.
        
               | doubled112 wrote:
               | I keep a RedHat developer account active for their
               | documentation. I didn't notice.
               | 
               | I did find these related forum/reddit threads:
               | 
               | https://forums.rockylinux.org/t/crowdstrike-freezing-
               | rockyli...
               | 
               | https://www.reddit.com/r/crowdstrike/comments/1cluxzz/cro
               | wds...
               | 
               | Good to see Rocky keeping their promise of bug for bug
               | compatibility.
        
           | fulafel wrote:
           | That's assuming in this alternate universe we'd also be using
           | kernel antivirus software to counter malware. It's far from
           | obvious.
        
           | aflag wrote:
           | But then it'd be putting all eggs in the Linux pc basket,
           | wouldn't it? I think they point was that more heterogeneity
           | would make this not be a problem. If all your potatoes are
           | the same potato it only takes one bad blight epidemic to kill
           | off all farmed potatoes in a country. If there's more
           | heterogeneity things like that doesn't happen.
        
           | kjellsbells wrote:
           | Agree. The monoculture simply accelerates the infection
           | because there are no sizable natural barriers to stop it.
           | 
           | Windows and even Intel must take some blame, because in this
           | day and age of vPro on the board and rollbacks built into the
           | OS it's incredible that there is no "last known good"
           | procedure to boot into the most recent successfully booted
           | environment (didnt NT have this 30 years ago?), or remotely
           | recover the system. I pity the IT staff that are going to
           | have to talk Bob in Accounting through bitlocker and some sys
           | file, times 1000s.
           | 
           | IT get some blame, because this notion that an update from a
           | third party can reach past the logical gatekeeping function
           | that IT provides, directly into their estate, and change
           | things, is unconscionable. Why dont the PCs update from a
           | local mirror that IT has that has been through canary
           | testing? Do we trust vendors that much now?
           | 
           | Poor Crowdstrike. This might be the end for them.
        
           | Natsu wrote:
           | More secure OSes would consider an application being able to
           | take down the entire OS as a security issue and would make
           | that impossible.
        
             | 13of40 wrote:
             | When notepad hits an unhandled exception and the OS decides
             | it's in an unpredictable state, the OS shuts down notepad's
             | process. When there's an unhandled exception in kernel
             | mode, the OS shuts down the entire computer. That's a BSOD
             | in Windows or a kernel panic in Linux. The problem isn't
             | that CrowdStrike is a normal user mode application that is
             | taking down Windows because Windows just lets that happen,
             | it's that CrowdStrike has faulty code that runs in kernel
             | mode. This isn't unique to Windows or Linux.
             | 
             | The main reason they need to run in kernel mode is you
             | can't do behavior monitoring hooks in user mode without
             | making your security tool open to detection and evasion.
             | For example, if your security tool wants to detect whenever
             | a process calls ShellExecute, you can inject a DLL into the
             | process that hooks the ShellExecute API, but malware can
             | just check for that in its own process and either work
             | around it or refuse to run. That means the hook needs to be
             | in kernel mode, or the OS needs to provide instrumentation
             | that allows third party code to monitor calls like that
             | without running in kernel mode.
             | 
             | IMO, Windows (and probably any OS you're likely to
             | encounter in the wild) could do better providing that kind
             | of instrumentation. Windows and Office have made progress
             | in the last several years with things like enabling
             | monitoring of PowerShell and VBA script block execution,
             | but it's not enough that solutions like CrowdStrike can do
             | their thing without going low level.
             | 
             | Beyond that, there's also going to be a huge latency
             | between when a security researcher finds a new technique
             | for creating processes, doing persistence, or whatever and
             | when the engineering team for an OS can update their
             | instrumentation to support detecting it, so there's always
             | going to be some need for a presence in kernel mode if you
             | want up to date protection.
        
               | Natsu wrote:
               | I mean, to me that's just a convincing argument against
               | using kernel-mode spywa-, err, endpoint protection, with
               | OTA updates that give you no way to stage or test them
               | yourself cannot be secure.
        
               | sabas123 wrote:
               | How are those arguments against kernel level detection
               | from a security perspective? His arguments show that
               | without kernel level, you either can't catch all bad
               | actors as they can evade detection, or that the latency
               | is too big that an attacker basically has free reign for
               | some time after detection.
        
               | hello_moto wrote:
               | Easy: plenty people in this forum aren't entrenched in
               | the security field.
               | 
               | That's why there are so many misinformed assumptions
        
           | lanstin wrote:
           | The difference being that RHEL has a QA process which crowd
           | strike apparently does not. The quality practices for open
           | source involved companies is apparently much higher than for
           | large closed source "security" firms.
           | 
           | I guess getting whined at because obscure things break in
           | beta or rc releases has a good effect for the people using
           | LTS.
        
           | Ajedi32 wrote:
           | Maybe this is pie-in-the-sky thinking, but if all the
           | businesses used some sort of desktop variant of Android, the
           | Crowdstrike app (to the extent that such a thing would even
           | be necessary in the first place) would be sandboxed and
           | wouldn't have the necessary permissions to bring down the
           | whole operating system.
        
         | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
         | Making everything browser based doesn't help (unless you can
         | walk across the room and touch the server). The web is all
         | about creating fast-acting local dependency on the actions of
         | far-away people who are not known or necessarily trusted by the
         | user. Like crowdstrike, it's about remote control, and it's
         | exactly that kind of dependency that caused this problem.
         | 
         | I love piling on Microsoft as much as the next guy, but this is
         | bigger than that. It's a structural problem with how we (fail
         | to) manage trust.
        
       | rewgs wrote:
       | The most concerning thing about this is the realization of just
       | how many incredibly critical systems run on Windows.
        
       | apantel wrote:
       | This just in 'CrowdStrike Strikes Crowd'
        
       | insane_dreamer wrote:
       | How is it that these major companies aren't rolling out vendor
       | updates to a small number of computers first to make sure that
       | nothing broke, and then rolling out to the entire fleet? That's
       | deployment 101.
        
       | rustcleaner wrote:
       | Thank Chronos I switched to Qubes OS almost two years ago!
        
       | siliconc0w wrote:
       | The postmortem will should interesting, can't imagine how even
       | just basic integration testing didn't catch this. Much less basic
       | best practice like canarying.
        
       | low_tech_punk wrote:
       | Crowdstruck
        
       | m3kw9 wrote:
       | It's that easy. A hacker that controls the update terminal at
       | crowdstrike controls the world?
        
       | cjbgkagh wrote:
       | Edit; it appears my comment has been moved to a top level
       | comment, i.e. peer with the parent without any way of telling
       | what happened - so now there is the whole other pointless branch
       | polluting the relevance of the tree.
       | 
       | Previously;
       | 
       | It appears that someone was able to take my previous comment in
       | this thread completely off hacker news, it's not even listed as
       | flagged. It was at 40pts before disappearing, perhaps there is
       | some reputation management going on here. If it was against the
       | site rules it would be helpful to know which ones.
       | 
       | Edit; the link is https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41007985
       | it was a high up comment that no longer appears even though
       | flagged comments do appear. I checked if it has been moved but
       | the parent comment is still the same. This feels like hellbanned
       | in that there isn't an easy way for me to see if I've been
       | shadowbanned. But I really don't know. I was commenting in good
       | faith.
        
         | nine_k wrote:
         | Oh, nevermind, it's just a third-party cybersecurity tool
         | running on the server detected a potential threat and
         | quarantined the offending database record, just in case!
        
           | cjbgkagh wrote:
           | I was looking forward to spending the day talking to people
           | about cyber security but if my comments are going to
           | disappear like that then maybe hacker news is not the site
           | for me. A shame really.
           | 
           | Edit; I don't know for sure but this is possibly the last
           | straw for me on hacker news. It really has gone downhill. If
           | good faith discussions from experts are being secretly
           | deleted for what I can only now assume are for nefarious
           | reasons then I can't trust what I find here is in anyway
           | representative. It's unfortunate in that there really isn't
           | anywhere else to go. Now my best discussions are in small
           | WhatsApp groups / Discords with friends. It's ok for me where
           | I have had a career to get to know people personally and have
           | such groups but if public forums are tainted in this way then
           | younger people in this field will end up only talking to each
           | other.
        
             | oblio wrote:
             | HN has pagination plus it could be just a bug...
        
               | cjbgkagh wrote:
               | I was tipple downvoted in ~20s before it disappeared so I
               | noticed it very quickly because I keep an eye on pts to
               | see if people have interreacted with something I've
               | posted. I then scanned through the peer comments and
               | noticed that a bunch of other comments had been very
               | freshly flagged, within the ~40s of the last time I
               | checked. These comments have been around for over an hour
               | so the odds that there were all independently flagged so
               | quickly at exactly the same time is highly improbable.
               | And I couldn't see if my own comment had been flagged
               | even though I could see others.
               | 
               | It's possibly a bug but I've seen similar behavior before
               | and it was due to flagging but without the flagging flag
               | appearing which happened later. I think it's a variation
               | of hellbanned but for a single post. It was easy to
               | notice because not only did the points go down just
               | before disappearing they also stopped going up as it had
               | done so reliably before being removed.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | I could see your comment. Another option: voting bots.
        
             | gregw2 wrote:
             | I appreciated your comment and saw it earlier before it was
             | detached. Thank you for sharing it. It got decent
             | visibility to readers, as your points suggest. I suggest
             | you cut the mods some slack for adjusting things on one of
             | the heaviest trafficked threads ever. The phenomena dang
             | describes with only semi-related reply to the first thread
             | does exist and I myself have gotten higher points on posts
             | that benefit from it, unintentionally and intentionally
             | (didn't realize that was abuse, sorry dang). I think we are
             | better off with an ecosystem that limits such
             | point/visibility seeking or accidental behavior, even for
             | good content. Don't take it personally.
             | 
             | (I do think there should be some way to skim for, say top
             | X% rated comments particularly on mega threads, somewhat
             | like there was/is on slash dot with its point filtering.
             | This would have helped visibility for a detached comment
             | like yours, would reduce the ordering benefit dang mentions
             | for those using it, and improve usability more generally
             | for busier readers. But that's my 2 cents. These things
             | always cut multiple ways.)
             | 
             | A megathread is always a tough place to add value, on any
             | platform. Who am I, but I appreciate you and your comments
             | and hope you continue to share with a broader audience that
             | includes me here.
        
         | MyFirstSass wrote:
         | what was the comment about?
        
           | cjbgkagh wrote:
           | I edited my post to include the link, I guess if people see
           | these posts I'm not completely banned and maybe there isn't
           | anything nefarious going on, they have a situation where the
           | comments to a single comment are already off the first page
           | so there could be a software bug. But it does appear that
           | there is some sort of reputation management going on.
        
             | erik_seaberg wrote:
             | FYI I do see https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41007985,
             | it's currently on page six (out of ten) of this megathread
             | and it looks normal (not dead or flagged).
        
               | cjbgkagh wrote:
               | Ah thanks, I guess it's been moved to it's own top level
               | comment - I did check but only checked until page 4. It's
               | weird because this chain of comments which is otherwise
               | off topic and doesn't have anywhere near the points (2
               | (edit now 0) vs 37) and has same parent is on the first
               | page. So I'm not sure if that was the right remedy.
               | Hackernews needs better tooling for this or at least let
               | me know if something has moved to try to flatten out the
               | tree.
        
         | secondcoming wrote:
         | I can see you lamenting the loss of your internet points. Chin
         | up
        
           | cjbgkagh wrote:
           | I still keep the points, so perhaps a loss of possible future
           | points. The points don't bother me, I restart antonymous
           | accounts on occasion. I kind of use points to get an idea of
           | where other peoples opinions which is half the reason I use
           | this site. A negative signal to something I think is good is
           | actually more interesting than a positive signal. I'm more
           | worried about the damage such actions do to the 'market place
           | of ideas' and if it hasn't pushed me away then perhaps it has
           | pushed others that I'm interested to hear from. And if so
           | where have they gone. Once I become disinterested in the
           | opinions of others on this site then it's unlikely I'll have
           | any further use for hacker news - and I'm getting pretty
           | close to that point.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | (I've detached this offtopic subthread from
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41002977.)
         | 
         | Your original comment was
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41007985. I detached it
         | from its original parent
         | (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41002977) because it was
         | more of a generic tangent than a specific reply.
         | 
         | It's a vital moderation function to do this, particularly when
         | the parent is the top comment of the entire thread. Those tend
         | to attract non-reply-replies, and that has bad effects on the
         | thread as a whole. It causes the top part of the page to fill
         | up with generic rather than specific content, and it makes the
         | top subthread too top-heavy.
         | 
         | I'm not saying that you did anything wrong or that your post
         | was bad or that it was unrelated to the original parent. The
         | problem is that the effects I'm describing pile up
         | unintentionally and end up being a systemic problem. It isn't
         | anybody's fault, but there does need to be someone whose job it
         | is to watch out for the system as a whole, and that's basically
         | what moderators do.
         | 
         | Sometimes we comment that we detached a post from its original
         | parent (https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=tru
         | e&que...) and sometimes not. (Perhaps the software should
         | display this information automatically.) I'm less likely to do
         | it when a comment stands on its own just fine, which was the
         | case with your post
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41007985 and which is
         | usually the case with the more generic sort of reply--in fact
         | it's one test for deciding that question.
         | 
         | > so now there is the whole other pointless branch polluting
         | the relevance of the tree
         | 
         | Yes, please don't do that--especially in the top subthread. I
         | understand the frustration of "WTF where did my comment go",
         | but you can always reach us at hn@ycombinator.com and get an
         | answer.
        
       | darkhorn wrote:
       | Why they don't use Windows' own anti-virus?
        
         | Nemo_bis wrote:
         | That's called [Microsoft Defender for
         | Endpoint](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/defender-
         | endpoint/), which is used even on Linux servers in big
         | corporations. (Largely because it's the easiest way to complete
         | box ticking exercises with Windows servers: once you have it,
         | it's easy to decide to extend it to non-Windows machines as
         | well.)
         | 
         | The binary self-upgrades and runs in highly privileged mode, so
         | it might not be immune from the kind of failure CrowdStrike had
         | here. Though apparently there's at least a way to use a local
         | mirror so you have some control on the updates:
         | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/defender-endpoint/linux-su...
        
       | pfortuny wrote:
       | This is the Irish potato famine (essentially due to the farming
       | of a single species of potato) equivalent in IT infrastructure: a
       | single vendor.
        
       | mindcrash wrote:
       | This has all the hallmarks of a SSCA (Software Supply Chain
       | Attack).
       | 
       | Either that or Crowdstrike is testing critical software meddling
       | in ring zero so poorly, causing crashes and bootloops out in the
       | wild on 100% of the deployments, that they need to get sued out
       | of existence.
       | 
       | I hope for their sake its the former.
        
       | felipesabino wrote:
       | Does anyone know how to proceed if I do not have administrator
       | level access to the computer?
       | 
       | I do not have access to c:\windows\system32\drivers\crowdstrike
       | folder to delete the corrupted .sys file
       | 
       | I was able to boot on recovery mode with network, after waiting
       | 30 min, I rebooted and BSOD persisted.
       | 
       | Are there other alternatives on how to recover?
        
         | victor9000 wrote:
         | Create a bootable USB stick from Ubuntu, then see if you can
         | mount the windows drive and delete the file that way.
        
       | einpoklum wrote:
       | If I weren't an atheist I would say this is god's punishment for
       | installing malware on your employees' machines, on one hand, and
       | for being a spineless patsy for management by letting them
       | install that crap on your work machine.
        
       | jonplackett wrote:
       | How do so many super critical things rely on... windows? I
       | wouldn't trust windows to run a laptop reliably but here it is
       | running prettty ucy everything. I guess that's why they need
       | crowdstrike.
        
         | wly_cdgr wrote:
         | It's because Windows is a mature, professional-grade operating
         | system developed and maintained by extremely competent people
         | with a lot to lose.
        
         | oblio wrote:
         | Crowdstrike can run on Linux and some companies mandate it,
         | with similar issues...
        
       | jonplackett wrote:
       | All the crazy people banging the drum for war with Russia and/or
       | China.
       | 
       | Imagine what our IT systems would look like with someone
       | _intentionally_ messing with them.
        
       | awahab92 wrote:
       | closed source will always fuck you in the ass
        
       | zx10rse wrote:
       | There is hardly a better time if you write software to watch -
       | "The Mess We're In" by Joe Armstrong -
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lKXe3HUG2l4
       | 
       | I am not sure in which one of his talks he briefly mentioned that
       | one of his concerns is that we are basically building a digital
       | Alexandria library, and if it burns, well ...
       | 
       | Even more devastating events like this will happen in the future.
       | 
       | We stand on the shoulders of giants and yet we learned nothing.
        
       | outside1234 wrote:
       | Texas, where software goes to die. Or maybe that is where killer
       | software is developed?
        
       | dboreham wrote:
       | Now things are serious: I can't place a mobile order at
       | Starbucks.
        
       | kelembu wrote:
       | Is there a way to estimate number of affected devices? 10
       | million? 100 million?
        
       | photonbeam wrote:
       | It should be obvious to everyone now that kernel extensions for
       | 'security' is not worth it
        
       | wufufufu wrote:
       | Anyone have a technical writeup of the actual bug? I'm trying to
       | explain how this could happen to people who think this is related
       | to AI or cyber attacks.
       | 
       | What happened to the QA testing, staggered rollouts, feature
       | flags, etc.? It's really this easy to cause a boot loop?
       | 
       | To me, BSOD indicates kernel level errors, which I assume
       | Crowdstrike would be able to cause because it has root access due
       | to being a security application. And because it's boot-looping,
       | there's not a way to automatically push out updates?
        
         | nrr wrote:
         | I don't have a technical writeup to offer, but your assessment
         | around the BSOD seems correct enough. Without having an
         | affected machine but knowing how NT loads drivers like this,
         | I'd hazard a guess that the OS likely isn't even getting to the
         | point where smss.exe starts before the kernel bugchecks. This
         | means no userspace, which almost certainly means no hope of
         | remotely remediating the problem.
        
       | stevenally wrote:
       | Ok... Would a Linux based infrastructure be more resilient.
       | 
       | Does Linux require Crowdstrike style AV software?
        
         | tryauuum wrote:
         | technically no os requires such software, it's people who make
         | a decision to run it
         | 
         | Someone in comments described crowd strike bringing down their
         | fleet of Linux servers in April
        
       | rtkwe wrote:
       | I'd hate to be on Microsoft's teams today. They're catching a lot
       | of stray blame for this in the public eye where it's entirely not
       | their fault.
        
       | sytelus wrote:
       | CloudStrike had managed to invade into StarBucks IT. All of the
       | online order taking systems are down.
        
       | exabrial wrote:
       | Why are people still using Windows?
        
       | sagebird wrote:
       | It is interesting that operating systems exist for server
       | applications at all.
       | 
       | What is the problem they are solving?
       | 
       | What is the difference between what an operating system contains
       | and can do and what you need it to do?
       | 
       | Why would I want to rent a server to run a program that performs
       | a task, and also have the same system performing extra tasks -
       | like intrusion detection, intrusion detection software updates,
       | etc.
       | 
       | I just don't understand why compiled program that has enough disk
       | and memory would ever be asked to restart for a random fucking
       | reason having nothing to do with the task at hand. It seems like
       | the architecture of server software is not created intelligently.
        
       | banku_brougham wrote:
       | The IT security chief at my co (paraphrasing):
       | 
       | >talked to pres of Crowdstrike. His forthrightnes was refreshing.
       | He said "We got it wrong."
       | 
       | >They are working with Microsoft to understand why this happened.
       | 
       | Pretty much the message minus even more boilerplate talk.
        
       | wojo1206 wrote:
       | Why Crowdstrike doesn't follow standard deployment strategies
       | such as canary or rolling? Gradual update would uncover this bug
       | before reaching critical mass. Doing all-at-once update is
       | unacceptable to critical systems.
        
       | downrightmike wrote:
       | This is what happens when you treat IT as a cost center.
        
       | nineteen999 wrote:
       | Speaking as somebody who manages a large piece of a 911 style
       | system for first responders and has done so for 10 years (and is
       | not affected by this outage) - this is why we do not allow third
       | parties to push live updates to our systems.
       | 
       | It's unfortunate, the ambulances are still running in our area of
       | responsibility, but it's highly likely that the hospitals they
       | are delivering patients to are in absolute chaos.
        
       | ijidak wrote:
       | How do you patch software causing a BSOD?
       | 
       | It seems like a chicken and egg problem.
       | 
       | I ran a team that developed a remote agent, and this was my
       | nightmare scenario.
        
       | grumpyprole wrote:
       | Hopefully now people might wake up to the idea that these tech
       | monopolies are not leading to safe, secure and reliable systems.
       | They will wonder how a third party component could cause such
       | breakage. I expect many will be calling for regulation.
        
       | badgersnake wrote:
       | I don't really understand why AV updates aren't tested before
       | being pushed out to critical systems and I don't understand why
       | every system would run the same AV.
       | 
       | But also I don't understand why this corporate garbageware is
       | still a thing in 2024 when it adds so little value.
        
       | xyst wrote:
       | why the fuck is our critical infrastructure running on WINDOWS.
       | Fuck the sad state of IT. CIOs and CTOs across the board need to
       | be fired and held accountable for their shitty decisions in these
       | industries.
       | 
       | yes CRWD is a shitty company but seems they are a "necessity" by
       | some stupid audit/regulatory board that oversees these
       | industries. But at the end of the day, these CIOs/CTOs are
       | completely fucking clueless as to the exact functions this
       | software does on a regular basis. A few minions might raise an
       | issue but they stupidly ignore them because "rEgUlAtOrY aUdIt
       | rEqUiReS iT!1!"
        
         | lnrd wrote:
         | The OS doesn't matter, the question should be why is critical
         | infrastructure online and allowed to receive OTA updates from
         | third parties.
        
           | teej wrote:
           | The OS absolutely matters
        
             | sixothree wrote:
             | The alternatives aren't in a position fill the roles needed
             | for the tasks at hand.
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | What are the tasks in question?
        
               | jeremycarter wrote:
               | This is true. Linux large fleet management is still
               | missing some features large enterprises demand. Do they
               | need all those features, idk, but they demand them if
               | they're switching from Windows.
        
             | xvector wrote:
             | No, what is stopping a similarly designed EDR from causing
             | the same problem on Linux?
        
               | lallysingh wrote:
               | From a comment above, Linux has features (ebpf) that key
               | crowdstrike stay out of the kernel.
               | 
               | The old "everyone else is just as bad" adage is bullshit.
               | Some OSs are better suited than others.
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | From a comment elsewhere, a CS update took out Linux
               | machines earlier this year.
        
             | marcosdumay wrote:
             | The culture around the OS matters.
             | 
             | But this is a 3rd party software with ring-0 access to all
             | of your computers deciding to break them. The technical
             | features of the OS absolutely do not matter.
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | The question is whether other OSs would require it to
               | have kernel mode privileges. People run complicated stuff
               | in kernel mode for performance, because the switch
               | to/from userspace is expensive.
               | 
               | Guess what's also expensive? A global outage is
               | expensive. Much more than taking the performance hit a
               | better, more isolated, design would avoid.
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | EDS run in kernel mode for access, not performance. They
               | monkey-patch your syscalls.
        
           | aylons wrote:
           | It matters as in it makes it easy for this kind of issue to
           | cause this much damage with little to no recourse for a fast
           | correction.
           | 
           | Not that Linux or whatever are all immune, but it definitely
           | matters.
        
             | meibo wrote:
             | You should look into what a kernel driver is. You can panic
             | a Linux kernel with 2 lines of code just as you can panic a
             | Windows kernel, they just got lucky that this fault didn't
             | occur in their Linux version.
             | 
             | And to be honest, I don't think recovering from this would
             | be that much easier for non-technical folk on a fully
             | encrypted Linux machine, not that it's particularly hard on
             | Windows, it's just a lot of machines to do it on.
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | In Linux it could be implemented as an eBPF thing while
               | most of the app runs in userspace.
               | 
               | And, for specialised uses, such as airline or ER systems,
               | a cut-down specialised kernel with a minimal userland
               | would not require the kind of protection Crowdstrike
               | provides.
               | 
               | I'm sure the NSA wasn't affected by this.
        
               | ashayh wrote:
               | ebpf works in Windows as well.
        
           | bg24 wrote:
           | +1
           | 
           | With so much of tooling and products, it should come down to
           | 
           | - What am I running and their current security state
           | 
           | - Supply chain of any change that's happening
           | 
           | - Test/Stage/Rollout any change - do not trust the vendor, as
           | they do not know your infrastructure
           | 
           | By allowing OTA update, they assumed that the vendor has
           | tested all permutations.
        
           | cpill wrote:
           | Of course the OS matters! Windows is a nasty ball of patches
           | in order to maintain backward compatibility with the 80s.
           | Linux and OSX don't have to maintain all the nasty hacks to
           | keep this backward compatibility.
           | 
           | Also, Crowdstrike is a security (patch) company because
           | Windows security sucks to the point they have, by default,
           | real-time virus protection running constantly (runs my CPU
           | white hot for half the day, can you imagine the global impact
           | on the environment?!).
           | 
           | It's so bad on security that its given birth to a whole
           | industry to fix it i.e. Crowdstrike. Every time I pass a
           | bluescreen in a train station or advertisement I'd like "hA!
           | you deserve that for choosing Windows".
        
             | cyberax wrote:
             | > Of course the OS matters! Windows is a nasty ball of
             | patches in order to maintain backward compatibility with
             | the 80s. Linux and OSX don't have to maintain all the nasty
             | hacks to keep this backward compatibility.
             | 
             | Just don't tell that to Linus Torvalds :) Because Linux
             | absolutely does maintain compatibility with old ABI from
             | 90-s.
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | > Just don't tell that to Linus Torvalds :) Because Linux
               | absolutely does maintain compatibility with old ABI from
               | 90-s.
               | 
               | That's nothing. IBM's z/OS maintains compatibility with
               | systems dating all the way back to the 60's. If they want
               | to think they are reading a stack of punch cards, the OS
               | is happy to fool them.
        
             | rbanffy wrote:
             | IBM's z/OS maintains compatibility with the 60's, and
             | machines running it continued to process billions of
             | transactions every second without taking a break.
             | 
             | The OS matters, as well as the ecosystem and, and this is
             | most important, the developer and operations culture around
             | it.
        
           | tivert wrote:
           | > The OS doesn't matter, the question should be why is
           | critical infrastructure online and allowed to receive OTA
           | updates from third parties.
           | 
           | Not exactly. I think the question is why is critical
           | infrastructure getting OTA updates from third parties
           | _automatically deployed directly to PROD without any
           | testing_.
           | 
           | These updates need to go to a staging environment first, get
           | vetted, and only then go to PROD. Another upside of that it
           | won't go to PROD everywhere all at once, resulting in such a
           | worldwide shitshow.
        
             | gtvwill wrote:
             | Lol if they can't do staging to mitigate balls ups on the
             | high availability infrastructure side (optus in aus earlier
             | this year pushed a router config that took down 000
             | emergency for a good chunk of the nation) we got bugger all
             | hope of big companies getting it further up the stack in
             | software.
        
             | worik wrote:
             | > why is critical infrastructure getting OTA updates from
             | third parties automatically deployed directly to PROD
             | without any testing.
             | 
             | I am missing some details, perhaps
             | 
             | From what I see this was an update from Crowdstrike. They
             | are a first party, no?
             | 
             | Was another party involved?
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | They are a third party software provider
        
             | pertymcpert wrote:
             | I think you have the priority backwards. We shouldn't be
             | relying on trusting the QA process of a private company for
             | national security systems. Our systems should have been
             | resilient in the face of Crowdstrike incompetence.
        
           | lambda wrote:
           | While Linux isn't a panacea, the OS does matter as Linux
           | provides tools for security scanners like Crowdstrike to
           | operate entirely in userspace, with just a sandboxed eBPF
           | program performing the filtering and blocking within the
           | kernel. And yes, CrowdStrike supports this mode of operation,
           | which I'll be advocating we switch over to on Monday. So
           | yeah, for this specific issue, Linux provides a specific
           | feature that would have prevented this issue.
        
             | taftster wrote:
             | Right! Windows should NEVER blue screen. Ever. From a
             | third-party software.
             | 
             | Maybe Windows doesn't provide the right ABI or whatever for
             | CS, but come on, you should never be able to kernel panic
             | Windows.
             | 
             | That this blue screened is 100% Microsoft's fault. It's a
             | mess all the way around.
        
               | bogdan wrote:
               | Poe's law?
        
               | notfed wrote:
               | I mean, you can crash Linux too with bad kernel code.
        
             | CaliforniaKarl wrote:
             | BPF-based CrowdStrike is relatively recent, partially
             | because, from the Enterprise Linux perspective, kernel
             | support is relatively recent.
             | 
             | For example, BPF-based CrowdStrike works on Enterprise
             | Linux 9 and Debian 12. I don't know if the necessary
             | support was in EL 8 or Debian 11.
        
           | killerstorm wrote:
           | OS absolutely does matter. Windows has an enormous attack
           | surface because Microsoft doesn't care.
           | 
           | There's a number of minimal operating systems without all
           | bells and whistles. The reason they aren't as popular choice
           | is the "OS doesn't matter".
           | 
           | If OS is minimal it doesn't need OTA updates, let alone from
           | a third party...
        
             | nequo wrote:
             | In this case it wasn't an update to the OS but an update to
             | something running on the OS supplied by an unrelated
             | vendor.
             | 
             | But if we entertain the idea that another OS would not need
             | CrowdStrike or anything else that required updates to begin
             | with, I have doubts. Even your CPU needs microcode updates
             | nowadays.
        
         | mvdtnz wrote:
         | Windows is no more or less vulnerable to this class of issues
         | than any other OS.
        
           | evilmwnci wrote:
           | Debatable. macOS did away with third-party kernel extensions.
           | On Windows, CS runs in the kernel, and the kernel can't load
           | properly because of CS.
        
             | dblohm7 wrote:
             | Apple also 100% controls their hardware, so they can afford
             | to do away with third-party kernel extensions.
        
               | npunt wrote:
               | maybe that's what's required for critical infrastructure
        
         | fortran77 wrote:
         | Windows isn't Crowdstrike.
        
           | cpill wrote:
           | No, its just soooooo bad at security/stability that it gave
           | birth to Crowdstrike. They very fact that Crowdstrike is so
           | big and prevalent means is proof of the gapping hole in
           | Windows security. Its given birth to a multibillion dollar
           | industry!
        
             | supergirl wrote:
             | spoiler: crowdstrike is used by companies running on mac
             | and linux as well
        
             | foobarchu wrote:
             | Crowdstrike/falcon use is not by any means limited to
             | Windows. Plenty of Linux heavy companies mandate it on all
             | infrastructure (although I hope that changes after this
             | incident).
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | It's mandated because someone believes Linux is as bad as
               | Windows in that regard.
               | 
               | And, quite frankly, a well configured and properly locked
               | down Windows would be as secure as a locked down Linux
               | install. It'd also be a pain to use, but that's a
               | different question.
               | 
               | Critical systems should run a limited set of applications
               | precisely to reduce attack surface.
        
             | sbuk wrote:
             | The reality is the wetwear that interfaces with any OS is
             | always going to be the weakest link. Doesn't matter what OS
             | they run, I guarantee they will click links and download
             | files from anywhere.
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | I can pretty easily make it so a user on Linux can't
               | download executables and can't even then can't do any
               | damage without a severe vulnerability. That is actually
               | pretty difficult to do in a typical Windows AD
               | deployment. There is a big difference between the two
               | OSes.
               | 
               | In fact, there's a couple billion Linux devices running
               | around locked down hard enough that the most clueless
               | users you can imagine don't get their bank details
               | stolen.
        
             | fortran77 wrote:
             | There's Crowdstrike for Linux and Mac
        
         | afavour wrote:
         | > why the fuck is our critical infrastructure running on
         | WINDOWS
         | 
         | Because it's cheaper.
         | 
         | I feel like many in this thread are obsessing over the choice
         | of OS when the actual core question is why, given the insane
         | money we spend on healthcare, are all healthcare systems shitty
         | and underinvested?
         | 
         | A sensible, well constructed system would have fallbacks, no
         | matter if the OS of choice is Windows or Linux.
        
           | rbanffy wrote:
           | The difference is that lots of different companies can share
           | the burden of implementing all that in Linux (or BSD, or
           | anything else) while only Microsoft can implement that
           | functionality in Windows and even their resources are
           | limited.
        
             | afavour wrote:
             | Very little healthcare functionality would ever need to be
             | created at the OS level. The burden _could_ be shared no
             | matter if machines were running Windows or Linux, they're
             | mostly just regular applications.
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | Not talking about the applications - those could be
               | ported and, ideally, financed by something like the UNDP
               | so that the same tools are available everywhere to any
               | interested part.
               | 
               | I'm talking about Crowdstrike's Falcon-like monitoring.
               | It exists to intercept "suspicious" activity by userland
               | applications and/or other kernel modules.
        
           | freeopinion wrote:
           | Cheaper? Well, perhaps when you require your OS to have some
           | sort of support contract. And your support vendor charges you
           | unhealthy sums.
           | 
           | And then you get to see the value of the millions of dollars
           | you've paid for support contracts that don't protect your
           | systems at all. But those contracts do protect specific
           | employees. When the sky falls down, the big money execs don't
           | have a solution. But it's not their fault because the support
           | experts they pay huge sums don't have solutions either.
           | Somehow paying millions of dollars to support contractors
           | that can't save you is not seen as a fireable offense.
           | Instead it is a career-saving scapegoat.
           | 
           | Within companies that have been bitten this time, the team
           | that wasn't affected because they made better process
           | decisions will not be promoted as smarter. Their voice will
           | continue to be marginalized by the people whose decisions led
           | to this disaster. Because, hey, look, everyone got bit right?
           | Nobody looks around to notice the people who were not bitten
           | and recognize their better choices. And "I told you so" is a
           | pretty bad look right now.
        
           | VHRanger wrote:
           | > I feel like many in this thread are obsessing over the
           | choice of OS when the actual core question is why, given the
           | insane money we spend on healthcare, are all healthcare
           | systems shitty and underinvested?
           | 
           | Because it's basically impossible to compete in the space.
           | 
           | Epic is a pile or horseshit, but you try convincing a
           | hospital to sign up to your better version.
        
         | ar_lan wrote:
         | Odd that you choose Windows to swipe at when this was largely
         | CRWD's problem + a mix of awful due diligence by IT
         | departments.
        
         | marcosdumay wrote:
         | > yes CRWD is a shitty company but seems they are a "necessity"
         | by some stupid audit/regulatory board that oversees these
         | industries.
         | 
         | Yep, _this_ is the problem. The part about Windows is a
         | distraction here.
         | 
         | That bullshit regulation is a much larger security issue than
         | Windows. Incomparably so. If you run it over Linux, you'll get
         | basically the same lack of security.
        
         | Saris wrote:
         | Didn't CRWD cause a similar issue with Debian/RHEL a little
         | while ago?
         | 
         | It sounds to me that the problem lies with CRWD and not with
         | whatever OS it's installed on.
        
           | rbanffy wrote:
           | A kernel driver can, definitely, take down a Linux machine.
           | 
           | The question is whether someone should implement something
           | like this as a kernel module when there are better ways.
        
             | okanat wrote:
             | Windows also has better ways such as filter drivers and
             | hooks. If everybody used Linux, Crowd Strike would still
             | opt for the kernel driver since the software they create is
             | effectively spyware that wants access to stuff as deep as
             | possible.
             | 
             | If they opted for an eBPF service but put that into early
             | boot chain, the bootloop or getting stuck could still
             | happen.
             | 
             | The only long time solution is to stop buying software from
             | a company that has a track record of being pushy and having
             | terrible software practices like rolling out updates to the
             | entire field.
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | > If they opted for an eBPF service but put that into
               | early boot chain, the bootloop or getting stuck could
               | still happen.
               | 
               | If the in-kernel part is simple and passes data to a
               | trusted userland application the likelyhood of a major
               | outage like the one we saw is much reduced.
        
               | aenis wrote:
               | I think the only real solution is for MSFT to stop
               | allowing kernel level drivers, as Apple has already (sorf
               | of, but nearly) done. Sure, lots and lots of crap runs on
               | windows in kernelspace, but what happened today cost a
               | sizable fraction of world's GDP. There won't be a better
               | wake up call.
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | I hope that, in the future, we have better robot firmware
               | validation protocols in place when pushing OTA updates.
               | 
               | Maybe Skynet didn't mean any of that - it was just a
               | botched update.
        
               | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
               | But would the Linux sysadmins of the world play along in
               | the way that the Windows sysadmins of the world did? I
               | think they might've given Crowd Strike the finger and
               | confined them to a smaller blast radius anyhow. And if
               | they wouldn't have... well they will now.
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | Third-party blobs running in kernel space being delivered
               | through their own channels without anyone in the company
               | signing them off?
               | 
               | I don't think I ever met a Unix person with whom that
               | idea would fly.
        
               | okanat wrote:
               | Once it gets popular, I think it would happen. The
               | business people and C-suite would request quick dirty
               | solutions like Crowd Strike's offerings to check boxes
               | when entering new markets and go around the red tape. So
               | they'll force Unix people to do as they say or else.
        
         | worik wrote:
         | > why the fuck is our critical infrastructure running on
         | WINDOWS.
         | 
         | That hits the nail on the head.
         | 
         | But it is a rhetorical question. We know why, generally,
         | software sacks, and specifically why Windows is the worst and
         | is the most popular
         | 
         | Good software is developed by pointy headed needs (like us) and
         | successful software is marketed to business executives are have
         | serious pathologies
         | 
         | There are exceptions (I am struggling to think of one) where a
         | serious piece of good software has survived being mass
         | marketed, but the constraints (basically business and science)
         | conflict
        
         | luxuryballs wrote:
         | More specifically why is critical stuff not equipped properly
         | to revert itself and keep working and/or fail over? This should
         | be built-in stuff at this point, have the last working OS
         | snapshot on its own storage chip and automatically flash it
         | back, even if it takes a physical switch... things like this
         | just shouldn't happen.
        
         | aenis wrote:
         | Nah, nope.
         | 
         | 1/ linux is as vulnerable to kernel panics induced by such
         | software. In fact, CS had a similar snafu mid April, affecting
         | linux kernels. Luckily, there are far fewer moronic companies
         | running CS on linux boxes at scale.
         | 
         | 2/ it does offer protection - if you are running total shit
         | architecture and you need to trust your endpoints not to be
         | compromised, something like this is sadly a must.
         | 
         | Incidentally, google, which prides itself at running a zero-
         | trust architecture, sent a lot of people home on Friday. Not so
         | zero-trust after all, it seems.
         | 
         | Lots of armchair CIOs/CTOs in the comments today.
        
           | pertymcpert wrote:
           | Source on google sending home people?
        
         | heurist wrote:
         | The primary answer to your question is because it's expensive
         | to switch.
        
         | zjaffee wrote:
         | Tons of critical infrastructure in the US is run on IBM zOS. It
         | doesn't matter what operating system you use, what matters is
         | updates aren't automatic and everything is as air gapped as
         | possible.
        
       | wolfspaw wrote:
       | (FORCE) Pusheedd to Prod on FRIDAYY -- Burneeeddd by its Sins
        
       | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
       | They should be sued into bankruptcy
        
       | fargle wrote:
       | such stupidity. our $$$ corporate geniuses mandate multiple so-
       | called security software which is:
       | 
       | - unaccountable black boxes
       | 
       | - of questionable, and un-auditable, quality
       | 
       | - requires kernel modules, drivers, LocalSystem, root access,
       | etc.
       | 
       | - updates at random times with no testing
       | 
       | - download these updates from where? and immediately trust and
       | run that code at high privilege. using unaccountable-black-box
       | crypto to secure it.
       | 
       | - all have known patterns of bad performance, bugs, and generally
       | poor quality
       | 
       | all in the name of security. let's buy multiple "solutions" and
       | widely deploy them to protect us from one boogeyman, or at least
       | the shiny advertisements say. while punching all sorts of serious
       | other holes in security. why even look for a Windows ZeroDay when
       | we can look for a McAfee or Crowdstrike zero day?
        
       | mensetmanusman wrote:
       | Stopped by a gas station in rural Wisconsin leaving from MSP.
       | Thank God we were on a full tank when we left, nothing was
       | operational except the bathrooms (which is why we stopped).
       | 
       | I left thinking about how anti-anti-fragile our systems have
       | become. Maybe we should force cash operations...
        
       | accra4rx wrote:
       | Never heard mainframe going down
        
       | mikewarot wrote:
       | Why are we still running ANY operating systems based on Ambient
       | Authority, as part of our infrastructure?
       | 
       | DoD shouldn't have given up on MULTICS. That premature
       | optimization is going to sink the US and the Free World.
       | 
       | Personally, I'm still waiting for Genode to be my daily driver.
        
       | GabeIsko wrote:
       | So - what is the lesson learned? The only clear message for me is
       | that critical programs that also demand kernel level access maybe
       | shouldn't update themselves.
        
       | jpgvm wrote:
       | If you run RATs like these on your machines then I'm sorry, this
       | is just a case of fucking around and finding out.
       | 
       | Just don't do it. Windows Defender is a thing, it does just fine.
       | For everything else there is least-privilege and group policy.
        
       | watersb wrote:
       | I wonder how unknown (yet) malware will be wiped out or enabled
       | before this is over.
        
       | ckemere wrote:
       | It seems that an unexplored weirdness here is the prevalence of
       | virtual Windows in the medical world. It seems that this has
       | approach has become commonplace for HIPAA reasons (though it's
       | unclear that it makes the world better versus using secure
       | applications to handle HIPAA data). In the case of this
       | Crowdstrike outage, one would think that virtual machines would
       | simplify getting things up and running again, but instead there
       | seems to be just the opposite going on, where lack of hardware
       | access is limiting restoring them.
       | 
       | Any insight from those affected?
        
       | Group_B wrote:
       | fun times...
        
       | smcleod wrote:
       | I mean... installing what is essentially a 3rd party enterprise
       | rootkit that not only has root access to all files and network
       | activity but also a self-update mechanism ... who could have seen
       | this coming?
        
       | gpderetta wrote:
       | The machine stops.
        
       | tigerlily wrote:
       | Meanwhile the linux desktop just keeps on truckin'.
        
       | Bluestein wrote:
       | I think we have reached and inflection point. I mean _we have_ to
       | make an inflection point out of this.-
       | 
       | This outage represents more than just a temporary disruption in
       | service; it's a black swan celebre of the perilous state of our
       | current technological landscape. This incident must be seen as an
       | inflection point, a moment where we collectively decide to no
       | longer tolerate the erosion of craftsmanship, excellence, and
       | accountability that I feel we've been seeing all over the place.
       | All over _critical_ places.-
       | 
       | Who are we to make this demand? Most likely technologists,
       | managers, specialists, and concerned citizens with the expertise
       | and insight to recognize the dangers inherent in our increasingly
       | careless approach to ... many things, but, particularly
       | technology. Who is to uphold the standards that ensure the
       | safety, reliability, and integrity of the systems that underpin
       | modern life? Government?
       | 
       | Historically, the call for accountability and excellence is not
       | new. From Socrates to the industrial revolutions, humanity has
       | periodically grappled with the balance between progress and
       | prudence. People have seen - and complained about - life going to
       | hell, downhill, fast, in a hand basket without brakes since at
       | least Socrates.-
       | 
       | Yet, today's technological failures have unprecedented potential
       | for harm. The Crowdsource outage killed, halted businesses, and
       | posed serious risks to safety--consequences that were almost
       | unthinkable in previous eras. This isn't merely a technical
       | failure; it's a societal one, revealing a disregard for
       | foundational principles of quality and responsibility.
       | Craftsmanship. Care and pride in one's work.-
       | 
       | Part of the problem lies in the systemic undervaluation of
       | excellence. In pursuit of speed and profit uber alles. Many
       | companies have forsaken rigorous testing, comprehensive risk
       | assessments, and robust security measures. The very basics of
       | engineering discipline--redundancy, fault tolerance, and
       | continuous improvement--are being sacrificed. This negligence is
       | not just unprofessional; it's dangerous. As this outage has
       | shown, the repercussions are not confined to the digital realm
       | but spill over into the physical world, affecting real lives. As
       | it always has. But never before have the actions of so few
       | "perennial interns" affected so many.-
       | 
       | This is a clarion call for all of us with the knowledge and
       | passion to stand up and insist on change. Holding companies
       | accountable, beginning with those directly responsible for the
       | most recent failures.-
       | 
       | Yet, it must go beyond punitive measures. We need a cultural
       | shift that re-emphasizes the value of craftsmanship in
       | technology. Educational institutions, professional organizations,
       | and regulatory bodies must collaborate to instill and enforce
       | higher standards. Otherwise, lacking that, we must enforce them
       | ourselves. Even if we only reach ourselves in that commitment.-
       | 
       | Perhaps we need more interdisciplinary dialogue. Technological
       | excellence does not exist in a vacuum. It requires input from
       | ethical philosophers, sociologists, legal experts. Anybody
       | willing and able to think these things through.-
       | 
       | The ramifications of neglecting these responsibilities are clear
       | and severe. The fallout from technological failures can be
       | catastrophic, extending well beyond financial losses to endanger
       | lives and societal stability. We must therefore approach our work
       | with the gravity it deserves, understanding that excellence is
       | not an optional extra but an essential quality sine qua non in
       | certain fields.-
       | 
       | We really need to make this be an actual tuning point, and not
       | just another Wikipedia page.-
        
       | ok123456 wrote:
       | Make a live CD Linux image that mounts the NTFS drives, locates
       | the Windows directories from the bootloader, and deletes the
       | file.
       | 
       | Also, you can mount BitLocker partitions from Linux iirc. If it
       | encounters a BitLocker partition, have it read a text file of
       | possible keys off the USB drive.
        
       | clarity20 wrote:
       | Has any thread had 3000 comments before?
        
       | Cyphase wrote:
       | This story is about to break into the top 15 of upvoted stories
       | on HN, but it already seems safely within the top 10 by number of
       | comments.
        
       | type0 wrote:
       | video summary from fireship:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4yDm6xNeYas
        
       | grigy wrote:
       | I could not imagine so many critical systems run on Windows.
        
       | hughw wrote:
       | So, if CrowdStrike licenses didn't say "We're responsible for
       | nothing" and if all affected users sued them, they'd be worth
       | negative 90 trillion dollars or so right now. iow out of
       | business.
       | 
       | I can understand the frustration their customers feel. But how
       | could a software company ever bear liability for all the possible
       | damage they can cause with their software? If they built
       | CrowdStrike to space mission standards nobody could afford it.
        
       | JSDevOps wrote:
       | Remember, there's someone out there right now, without irony,
       | suggesting that AI can fix this. There's someone else scratching
       | their head, wondering why AI hasn't fixed this yet. And there's
       | someone doing a three-week bootcamp in AI, convinced that AI will
       | fix this. I'm not sure which is worse
        
         | beepbooptheory wrote:
         | The saddest one is definitely the bootcamp one.
        
         | 1oooqooq wrote:
         | when even jsDevOpsv can see the king is naked....
        
       | sys32768 wrote:
       | SMB here. Just spent a nine hour day fixing this. We had two
       | machines that after a couple of reboots just came back up fine.
       | 
       | We were trialing CrowdStrike and about to purchase next week. If
       | their rep doesn't offer us at least half off, we are going with
       | Sentinel One which was half the price of CS already.
       | 
       | The incompetence that allowed this is baffling to me. I assumed
       | with their billions of dollars they'd have tiers of virtual
       | systems to test updates with.
       | 
       | I remember this happening once with Sophos where it gobbled up
       | Windows system files. If you had set to Delete instead of
       | Quarantine, you were toast.
        
         | troad wrote:
         | > We were trialing CrowdStrike and about to purchase next week.
         | If their rep doesn't offer us at least half off, we are going
         | with Sentinel One which was half the price of CS already.
         | 
         | You're still considering them after all this?
        
         | integricho wrote:
         | It is baffling to me that you are still considering them.
        
       | utkarsh858 wrote:
       | Adding a comment to make this the most commented piece on
       | hackernews and hence highlight the bad impact a bug can make on
       | lives founded on IT.
        
       | tammer wrote:
       | When I saw 'Global IT Outage' trending I assumed it was another
       | major cloud service failure. Obviously this has far wider impact
       | because of the need for intervention on individual endpoints.
       | 
       | The irony is dawning on me that for much of the recent computing
       | era we've developed defenses against massive endpoint outages
       | (worms, etc.) and one of them is now inadvertently reproducing
       | the exact problem we had mostly eradicated.
        
       | unixhero wrote:
       | 4 hour delay at the airport in Los Cabos. At least they have
       | tacos!
        
       | SoftMachine wrote:
       | Am I supposed to use some AI bot to summarize all this shit?
       | Ain't no one got time to read 3000+ comments. Any good links?
        
       | hansvm wrote:
       | Random strangers running unknown, untrusted code on your
       | computers is the worst. It's a good thing we patched that
       | security flaw by letting the _right_ random strangers run
       | unknown, untrusted code on our computers.
       | 
       | As something of a friendly reminder, it was Microsoft this time,
       | but it's a matter of "when" not "if" till every other OS with
       | that flavor of security theatre is similarly afflicted (and it
       | happens much more frequently when you consider the normal
       | consequences of a company owning the device you paid for --
       | kicked out of email forever, ads intruding into basic system
       | functions, paid-in-full device eventually requires a
       | subscription, ...). Be cautious with automatic updates.
        
       | type0 wrote:
       | clownStrike does make cool commercials though
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8gatiYW5kWs
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p4OGQQPMiXQ
        
       | TexanFeller wrote:
       | A heuristic that has served me well for years is that anyone who
       | uses the word "cybersecurity" is likely incompetent and should be
       | treated with suspicion.
       | 
       | My first encounter with CrowdStrike was overwhelmingly negative.
       | I was wondering why for the last couple weeks my laptop slowed to
       | a crawl for 1-4 hours on most days. In the process list I
       | eventually found CrowdStrike using massive amounts of disk i/o,
       | enough to double my compile times even with a nice SSD. Then they
       | started installing it on servers in prod, I guess because our
       | cloud bill wasn't high enough.
        
         | Laforet wrote:
         | Cyber- is pretty much a code prefix for anything targeted at
         | the public sector. I too see it as a kind of dirty word TBH.
        
           | gukov wrote:
           | "Cyber," used on its own, is the worst of them all.
        
         | photochemsyn wrote:
         | It rather looks like Crowdstrike marketed heavily to corporate
         | executives using a horror story about the bad IT tech guy who
         | would exfiltrate all their data if they didn't give Crowdstrike
         | universal access at the kernel level to all their machines...?
         | It seems more aimed at monitoring the employees of a
         | corporation for insider threats than for defense against APT
         | actors.
        
           | neverrroot wrote:
           | The employees is a very important attack vector, we had
           | multiple incidents, after they downloaded the wrong kind of
           | stuff.
        
       | nbtm wrote:
       | I heard all Windows PCs at the University of New South Wales were
       | also boot-looping.
        
       | elchief wrote:
       | maybe this was just an enormous distraction while Spetssvyaz did
       | a bunch of fun stuff
        
       | zoom6628 wrote:
       | By way of a data point for everyone else I live in HongKong and
       | haven't seen any of this level of disruption yet. I also was in
       | Shenzhen China yesterday, probably the words highest density of
       | Win95 machines, and everything was fine. At home we have only one
       | old laptop on win10 that only gets opened when the 8yo gets
       | windows homework - otherwise it's MacOs and Linux on all laptops,
       | desktops and SBCs.
       | 
       | If I see some news I will update this comment.
        
       | godelmachine wrote:
       | I wonder what happens to the engineer who deployed this patch.
        
       | jiggawatts wrote:
       | While initially everyone blamed Microsoft and then quickly
       | pointed the finger at CrowdStrike, I'd like to call out Microsoft
       | especially their Azure division for making the recovery process
       | _unnecessarily_ difficult.
       | 
       | 1) A key recovery step requires a snapshot to be take of the
       | disk. The Portal GUI is basically locking up, so scripting is the
       | only way to do this for thousands of VMs. This command is
       | undocumented and has random combinations of strings as inputs
       | that should be enums. Tab-complete doesn't work! See:
       | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/az.compu...
       | 
       | E.g.: What are the accepted values for the -CreateOption
       | parameter? Who knows! Good luck using this _in a hurry_. No
       | stress, just apply it to a production database server at 1 am in
       | the morning.
       | 
       | 2) There has been a long-standing bug where VMs can't have their
       | OS disk swapped out unless the replacement disk matches its
       | properties _exactly_. For comparison, VMware vSphere has no such
       | restrictions.
       | 
       | 3) It's basically impossible to get to the recovery consoles of
       | VMs, especially VMs stuck in reboot loops. The serial console
       | output is buggy, often filled with gibberish, and doesn't scroll
       | back far enough to be useful. Boot diagnostics is an optional
       | feature for "reasons". Etc..
       | 
       | 4) It's absurdly difficult to get a flat list of all "down" VMs
       | across many subscriptions or resource groups. Again, compare with
       | VMware vSphere where this is trivial. Instead of a simple portal
       | dashboard / view, you have to write this monstrous Resource Graph
       | query:                   Resources         | where type =~
       | 'microsoft.compute/virtualmachines'         | project
       | subscriptionId, resourceGroup, Id = tolower(id), PowerState =
       | tostring( properties.extended.instanceView.powerState.code)
       | | join kind=leftouter (           HealthResources           |
       | where type =~ 'microsoft.resourcehealth/availabilitystatuses'
       | | where tostring(properties.targetResourceType) =~
       | 'microsoft.compute/virtualmachines'           | project
       | targetResourceId =
       | tolower(tostring(properties.targetResourceId)), AvailabilityState
       | = tostring(properties.availabilityState))           on $left.Id
       | == $right.targetResourceId         | project-away
       | targetResourceId         | where PowerState !=
       | 'PowerState/deallocated'         | where AvailabilityState !=
       | 'Available'
        
       | vpshastry wrote:
       | Don't they have canary deployments? Such huge updates happen al
       | at once?
        
       | cookiengineer wrote:
       | I'm a little late to the party, but I've uploaded my source codes
       | to GitHub in case anyone needs a more convenient tool to
       | deploy/execute on running machines and/or needs something fast on
       | USB flash drives to run around the office:
       | 
       | https://github.com/cookiengineer/fix-crowdstrike-bsod
       | 
       | Releases section contains prebuilt binaries, but of course, I
       | always recommend to check the source and then build it yourself.
        
         | miffy900 wrote:
         | I'm sure you mean well, but it's not going to be most
         | programmers or devs who will need to apply a fix for this,
         | it'll be sysadmin/network/SREs who'll be doing this and they're
         | not going to download Go to build this random github code repo.
         | Because it affects only Windows systems, it'll be way better
         | writing a bat or powershell script that can non-programmers can
         | read and comprehend before they execute anything in
         | production/live systems.
        
       | 1oooqooq wrote:
       | Why aren't we upvoting a list of alternatives to CrowdStrike
       | here?
        
       | dang wrote:
       | All: there are over 3000 comments in this thread. If you want to
       | read them all, click More at the bottom of each page, or like
       | this:
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41002195&p=2
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41002195&p=3
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41002195&p=4 (...etc.)
        
       | uptownfunk wrote:
       | The correct solution is to have IT force push updates only when
       | they deem fit (after they have tested internally on some ghost
       | machines).
        
       | rkagerer wrote:
       | This is why I don't like fully automatic updates. I prefer having
       | control over the "deploy" button for the ability to time it when
       | I can tolerate downtime. In mission-critical production systems
       | all updates should go through test staging pipelines that _my_
       | team controls, not a vendor.
       | 
       | Broken updates have cause far more havoc than being a few hours
       | or even days late on a so-called critical patch.
        
         | TeeWEE wrote:
         | Even if you deploy manually all at once: you have the same
         | problem.
         | 
         | A solution is slow rollout. Not a manual deploy button
        
           | rkagerer wrote:
           | It's not the same problem at all.
           | 
           | Troubleshooting an issue like this when I have the time and
           | am prepared for a potential outage (with human resources hot
           | and standing by for immediate action) is VASTLY different
           | than encountering it the evening before some critical
           | deadline for a multi-million dollar project (as Murphy's Law
           | will be sure to have it).
           | 
           | When I have control over the deployment of updates I can push
           | them through my own QA environment first, to uncover many of
           | these kinds of issues before they hit production. Vendors
           | pushing them out on their whim leaves me subject to whatever
           | fast and loose practice they use and prevents me from being
           | able to properly manage my own infrastructure.
           | 
           | A slow rollout certainly helps but doesn't satisfy the kind
           | of 9's I demand in the environments I care for.
        
       | TowerTall wrote:
       | Microsoft to give Vista kernel access to security firms (2006)
       | 
       | https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2006/10/7998/
        
       | 256_ wrote:
       | I used to laugh at Dijkstra's idea that all code should be
       | mathematically proven correct. I thought of it as a laughable
       | idea from yet another out-of-touch mathematician.
       | 
       | I suppose true genius is seldom understood within someone's
       | lifetime.
        
       | beardyw wrote:
       | Microsoft to give Vista kernel access to security firms (2006) |
       | Hacker News
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41014426
        
       | cranberryturkey wrote:
       | Someone accidentally shut down the planet with a code push --
       | rofl
        
       | kwhitefoot wrote:
       | Can someone explain to me why such systems need anti-virus in the
       | first place?
       | 
       | Windows has pretty good facilities for locking down the system so
       | that ordinary users, even those with local admin rights, cannot
       | run or install unauthorised code so if nothing can get in why
       | would the system need checking for viruses?
       | 
       | So why do most companies not lock down their machines?
        
         | 1oooqooq wrote:
         | easier to show a paid bill than to show true due diligence to
         | your insurance when you're hit with ransomware.
         | 
         | that's the whole CS business model.
        
       | tomthumb wrote:
       | Someone on X has shared the kernel stack trace of the crash
       | 
       | The faulting driver in the stack trace was csagent.sys.
       | 
       | Now, Crowdstrike has got two mini filter drivers registered with
       | Microsoft (for signing and allocation of altitude).
       | 
       | 1) csagent.sys - Altitude (321410) This altitude falls within the
       | range for Anti-Virus filters. 2) im.sys - Altitude (80680) This
       | altitude falls within the range for access control drivers.
       | 
       | So, it is clear that the driver causing the crash is their AV
       | driver, csagent.sys.
       | 
       | The workaround that CrowdStrike has given is to delete
       | C-00000291*.sys files from the directory:
       | C:\Windows\System32\Drivers\CrowdStrike\
       | 
       | These files being suggested to be deleted are not driver files
       | (.sys files) but probably some kind of virus definition database
       | files.
       | 
       | The reason they name these files with the .sys extension is
       | possibly to leverage Windows System File Checker tool's ability
       | to restore back deleted system files.
       | 
       | This seems to be a workaround and the actual fix might be done in
       | their driver, csagent.sys and the fix will be rolled out later.
       | 
       | Anyone having access a Falcon endpoint might see a change in the
       | timestamp of the driver csagent.sys when the actual fix rolls
       | out.
        
       | rldjbpin wrote:
       | it is humbling (and lowkey reassuring?) to know that not all
       | large players use the absolute cutting edge approaches in their
       | workflow.
       | 
       | it seems and i hope that after all is said and done there is no
       | major life-threatening consequence of this debacle. at the same
       | time, heart goes out to the dev who pushed the troubling code.
       | very easy to point at them or the team's processes, but we need
       | to introspect at our own setup and also recognize that not all of
       | us work in crucial systems like this.
        
       | attentive wrote:
       | the funny thing it's often labeled "Microsoft IT outage" -
       | theguardian.com as example
        
       | vlod wrote:
       | I haven't heard ask this, but would this have happened on linux.
       | Obviously not many people run virus s/w, but would something
       | similar like this have caused this?
       | 
       | Are there any protections to prevent repeating reboots?
        
       | peanut-walrus wrote:
       | I feel we are at a point in the evolution of our digital society
       | where relying on general purpose OS-s is just not an option when
       | moving forward.
        
       | omnee wrote:
       | This event raises the question: What is the liability of
       | Crowdstrike given its erroneous update caused the meltdown, and
       | the impact certainly had negative personal or business outcomes
       | globally.
       | 
       | See for example 6000 flights cancelled or the many statements
       | posted here regarding it negatively impacting healthcare and
       | other businesses.
        
         | 1oooqooq wrote:
         | we are bound to see the YouTube ads equivalent of late night
         | spot ads for lawyers with accelerated audio "have you lost
         | someone to the 2024, 2025 or 2029 crowdstrike global hospital
         | outages? if so you may be entitled to compensation. DM law5237
         | on X to find more"
        
       | hahamaster wrote:
       | Someone at CrowdStrike got fired for this. I'm curious to know
       | who this person is.
        
       | ngneer wrote:
       | The whole thing needs to be redesigned, so that antivirus and EDR
       | solutions do not require such high privilege. We need a high-
       | performance way for a possibly privileged service to export all
       | the data that is needed for a decision, and then let the AV/EDR
       | do its thing. If the AV/EDR is broken by an update, fine. At
       | least the system won't go down.
        
         | tuxone wrote:
         | And in critical production systems AV/EDR upgrades should be
         | first tested on lower environments.
        
           | ngneer wrote:
           | Absolutely. Discipline can make all the difference.
        
       | ngneer wrote:
       | Have we failed as an industry?
        
       | ngneer wrote:
       | Allow me to give a different, information-theoretic, perspective.
       | How much damage can flipping a single bit cause? How much damage
       | can altering two bits cause?
       | 
       | The fanout is a robustness measure on systems. If we can control
       | the fanout we increase reliability. If all it takes is a handful
       | of bits in a 3rd party update to kill IT infrastructure, we are
       | doing it wrong.
        
         | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
         | Are you suggesting that a 3kb update be tested 3k times to
         | assess the impact of each possible bit flip, and 9M times for
         | the impact of each possible pair bit flips?
         | 
         | Because I think that's effort better spent in other ways.
        
           | ngneer wrote:
           | Not remotely. I am aware of the state space explosion and the
           | difficulty with brute forcing the testing. I am suggesting
           | that the damage a broken antivirus update can do should be
           | restricted.
        
       | tonymet wrote:
       | Question : was this update delivered by Crowdstrike's update
       | agent or Windows Update ?
        
         | j-bos wrote:
         | My read is that Crowdstrike's update agent downloaded new
         | security threat definitions and those definitions exposed a bug
         | in the existing Crowdstrike drivers, causing the disaster.
        
       | tartavull wrote:
       | The front page of https://www.accel.com/
       | 
       | "Fail Fast. Evolve Faster"
        
       | mbrumlow wrote:
       | > We have collaborated with Intel to remediate affected hosts
       | remotely using Intel vPro and with Active Management Technology.
       | 
       | This worries me. Does this mean intel has access to remotely
       | access my machine?!?!
        
         | anvuong wrote:
         | What is with this paranoia on HN?
         | 
         | 5s Google says that vPro is the Remote management platform
         | offered by Intel for business, basically a fleet management
         | tool, which is typical for corp
        
           | mbrumlow wrote:
           | Yah. But the way it was worded is that a 3rd party company
           | who goofed was able to go to another company and ask for
           | access to it.
           | 
           | I assume that some sort of configuration and opt in step
           | would need to be had.
           | 
           | If this had been done prior to the event it seems like this
           | would have been the first thing to do, not a Hail Mary after
           | being down.
        
       | ai4ever wrote:
       | what would be funny is if crowdstrike demanded ransom from their
       | castomars.
       | 
       | security is a great business - you play on people's fears, your
       | product does not have to deliver the goods.
       | 
       | like the lock maker, you sell a lock, the thief breaks it, but it
       | is not your problem, and you sell a bigger badder lock the next
       | year which promptly gets broken.
       | 
       | as a business, you dont have any consequences for how your
       | product works or doesnt work, what a great business to be in !!
        
       | meta-level wrote:
       | Wow, CrowdStrike made it to #6 of all time HN threads by now..
       | https://hn.algolia.com/?q=
        
       | meetpateltech wrote:
       | CrowdStrike's faulty update crashed 8.5 million Windows devices,
       | says Microsoft
       | 
       | https://www.theverge.com/2024/7/20/24202527/crowdstrike-micr...
        
       | Yawrehto wrote:
       | Oh wow, this is #5 for all time already, beating out Steve Jobs.
        
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