[HN Gopher] Elephants use namelike calls
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Elephants use namelike calls
        
       Author : peutetre
       Score  : 93 points
       Date   : 2024-07-18 23:53 UTC (23 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.theatlantic.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.theatlantic.com)
        
       | tomrod wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/9gvHZ
        
       | mannyv wrote:
       | One 'deeply human' behavior is feeding other, unrelated animals.
        
         | dboreham wrote:
         | My cats will happily feed raccoons.
        
           | The_Blade wrote:
           | My cats will happily eat raccoons.
        
             | Viliam1234 wrote:
             | Humans will happily feed and then eat their farm animals.
        
               | ziggyzecat wrote:
               | until no things grow no more, that our farm animals could
               | eat
        
           | azemetre wrote:
           | Really? Can you explain what they do? Do they watch the
           | raccoons take it? Do they look at you while they feed them?
           | Sounds fascinating.
        
       | sheepscreek wrote:
       | > The thought of someday being able to address an elephant in a
       | way it can understand is downright magical. To say, "Hello, I'm
       | Tove. Please tell me your name."
       | 
       | I truly believe that thinking other species are "less
       | intelligent" than us comes down to our own inability to have a
       | complex dialogue with them. Time and again, we have a pioneer who
       | is somehow able to break this barrier through sheer perseverance.
       | Then we get Kokos of the world. Now we've noticed traits
       | resembling true human toddler like understanding in dogs and even
       | some birds.
       | 
       | Perhaps one day, brain interface devices and machine learning
       | will help us cross that barrier for good, and unlock a new age of
       | learning from our peers in the animal kingdom.
        
         | geuis wrote:
         | There's a brief scene in Heavens River, book 4 of the Bobiverse
         | series, where some characters spend some time with the
         | equivalent of alien dolphins. The "dolphins" have a very
         | limited language that main consists of names and one word
         | inquiries and warnings.
         | 
         | For example, the local replicant who they know introduces his
         | fellows. The dolphin speech is essentially "who? Marvin! Marvin
         | friends?"
         | 
         | Which is basically "Who are the strangers? Oh it's Marvin!
         | Marvin, are these your friends?"
         | 
         | I imagine most animal languages are at this level. And nothing
         | wrong with that. For their lifestyles, many intelligent animals
         | with a language like this are served perfectly well. Personal
         | identifiers to call out friendly individuals, names for
         | threats, maybe even general welcomes for fellow groups like
         | elephants and whales that generally live in family groups and
         | occasionally meet up for mating or due to resource constraints
         | like grazing and seasonal water construction.
        
           | dgfitz wrote:
           | These posts make me wish there was a heart emoji button. I
           | really need to go read those again, it's been too long.
        
           | sheepscreek wrote:
           | This is cool, thanks for sharing it with us!
           | 
           | Also to those downvoting my comment - would you be kind
           | enough to also leave a comment? I'd like to know what part
           | did you disagree with.
        
           | underlipton wrote:
           | I think you can transliterate that sentence directly into
           | Japanese, and it would be perfectly acceptable, save a
           | missing particle/honorific.
           | 
           | Original: Who? Marvin! Marvin friends? Transliterated:
           | dare?mavuinsan!mavuinsannoYou Ren ? Google Translate: Who's
           | that? Marvin! Are you Marvin's friend?
        
         | someuser2345 wrote:
         | Regarding Koko, it isn't really clear if she really was able to
         | have complex dialogues, or if that was wishful thinking on the
         | part of her trainers.
         | 
         | In general, I don't think there are any animals that are as
         | intelligent as adult humans. After all, if there's nothing
         | special about human intelligence, why are we the most dominant
         | species on the planet? It's not like other animals had the
         | opportunity to take over and rejected it.
        
       | advael wrote:
       | Love to hear stuff like this, both because it's interesting in
       | its own right, and because the fact that it gets published and
       | taken seriously gives me hope that we're finally getting our
       | heads out of our collective asses with regards to the
       | consciousness and moral weight of non-human animals. I think
       | there's a natural tendency for humans to anthropomorphize, to
       | project human behaviors and motivations onto other animals, which
       | can get pretty extreme and silly in some cases, like how we
       | project this assumption onto non-living phenomena, like a
       | rainstorm or machine learning model. However, I think in the case
       | of animals, especially complex charismatic megafauna, and
       | especially especially things like highly social mammals, it's
       | actually a better assumption that their internal experience and
       | motivations may resemble ours than this ridiculous contrarian
       | backlash against it we got in the last few hundred years, where
       | now we're supposed to treat "These tiny variations on what we are
       | are somehow so fundamentally ontologically different that we
       | should assume we can understand nothing about how they think, or
       | whether they even do at all, without doing a zillion RCTs" (and
       | this dovetails conveniently with immiserating them to an unheard-
       | of degree at an unfathomable scale by modern industry).
       | Similarly-shaped contrarianisms are unfortunately still much of
       | the dominant culture of institutions, but it's nice that some of
       | them are losing their grip
        
         | robwwilliams wrote:
         | Agree with you wrt the millennia-old problem of:
         | 
         | >the consciousness and moral weight of non-human animals
         | 
         | The modern low-point was the period of extreme reductionist
         | behaviorism (e.g. John Watson
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_B._Watson). Good news is
         | that very few have taken that point of view seriously for well
         | over 50 years.
         | 
         | Maturana and Valera's classic book Autopoieses and Cognition
         | came out in 1970 and greatly broadened the definition of
         | cognition in a way that makes good sense to me. And that
         | highlights what all our LLMs are missing.
         | 
         | Not sure that randomized control trials (RCTs) are a problem in
         | animal research. We have effectively done a zillion RCTs going
         | back to Edward Tolman and his rats. Even in the 1930s he
         | clearly demonstrated what most scientist accept as cognition,
         | and even as a form of consciousness.
         | 
         | Self-consciousness in the way we experience this phenomenon is
         | more controversial, and many still think self-consciousness the
         | way we mean it as recursive inner monolog--is coupled strongly
         | to language.
         | 
         | Granted that many argue that the distinction is artificial
         | and/or just a quantitative matter of degree. Even Heidegger
         | gets very close to this position. But at some point a
         | quantitative discontinuity is so marked that it is labeled as a
         | qualitative difference. Our language use is qualitatively
         | different and our linguistic resources for self-appraisal seem
         | to me to be "unusual" to say the least compared to other
         | species. (I watched the great movie "Arrival" again last
         | night.)
         | 
         | My guess is that most of us will concede that the evolutionary
         | and developmental steps and stages and level of awareness are
         | open to inspection. Watching this blooming process as infants
         | grow up to become kids and then adults is definitely one of the
         | greatest of joys.
        
           | advael wrote:
           | Thanks for the reading recommendations, that stuff sounds
           | fascinating, and I'll admit that my reference to RCTs was
           | perhaps an overly mean dig at overcorrection for
           | methodological rigor, a tic I likely developed from my
           | exposure to the pharmacological research world, which is in
           | practice greatly stymied by hidebound institutional policies
           | about what hypotheses can be considered and what experimental
           | framings are considered evidence at all. Probably not an
           | appropriate thing to apply to ethology, which I know a lot
           | less about
        
         | pvaldes wrote:
         | This is politicizing science, that is unfortunately a fashion
         | trend currently, and a big problem in itself.
         | 
         | "Science is good if it coincides with my ideology or is only
         | focused in cherry-picking facts that I like" is a very
         | dangerous path.
        
           | advael wrote:
           | It really isn't. I am making a claim about a pervasive bias
           | in scientific institutions I view to be course-correcting.
           | I'll acknowledge plenty of scientific results I dislike as
           | being true. Like I really dislike that every room-temperature
           | superconductor thus far hasn't worked, and it really sucks
           | that SARS-CoV-2 is airborne and damages the immune system
           | 
           | It's not completely possible to separate questions like "what
           | is true about the world?" from questions like "how should we
           | behave?", because the former must inform the latter, and the
           | latter intrinsically informs what we choose to look at,
           | whether we acknowledge it or not. Pretending you have no
           | opinions is disingenuous and counterproductive to the
           | endeavor of objectivity, because that's simply not true of
           | anyone, and acknowledging one's biases is strictly necessary
           | for mitigating them. Nonetheless, it is not "politicizing
           | science" inherently to like or dislike certain results, or to
           | think institutional biases exist
        
       | grecy wrote:
       | I was lucky to spend _a lot_ of time with elephants during my
       | three years around Africa.
       | 
       | I feel certain future generations will look on us as barbarians
       | for keeping elephants and other intelligent animals in concrete
       | cells. They are magnificent, and care deeply for each other. One
       | day when we speak to them I feel certain they'll say humans suck
       | and every animal knows it.
        
         | randomdata wrote:
         | _> I feel certain they'll say humans suck and every animal
         | knows it._
         | 
         | I don't know. Growing up with cattle, they regularly stood
         | free, but then always waited around to let them back into their
         | "concrete cells". They had every chance to escape, but never
         | wanted to. They clearly preferred being there. Same goes for
         | the farm dogs and cats. In fact, the cat population
         | "mysteriously" kept growing without a corresponding number of
         | kittens (in other words, foreign cats would voluntarily find
         | their way into those "concrete cells").
         | 
         | It very well may have been a case of Stockholm syndrome, but
         | regardless of the exact mechanics it is doubtful that they know
         | that to be the case.
        
           | grecy wrote:
           | They've been bred for that for hundreds of generations.
           | 
           | Go find a wild bison and see how it behaves. I've chased
           | herds of wild bison on many occasions - they are NOT like
           | domestic cows.
           | 
           | Same story for mountain lions and lynx, etc. They are a far
           | cry from cats.
           | 
           | Having our tiny falling down cabin surrounded by wolves in
           | the Yukon at -44 degrees makes you appreciate how far THOSE
           | are from house dogs.
        
             | randomdata wrote:
             | _> They 've been bred for that for hundreds of
             | generations._
             | 
             | What is significant about this specific mechanism that
             | makes it noteworthy enough to violate what was already
             | established?
        
               | freejazz wrote:
               | Are you genuinely asking this question because you can't
               | fathom how?
        
               | fastball wrote:
               | I'm genuinely interested in the distinction. Humans
               | "breeding" animals is the same as any other environmental
               | factor that affects evolution of a species.
        
               | freejazz wrote:
               | I'm sorry, are you saying something like french bulldogs
               | would have evolved just the same without human
               | intervention? It seems like you are reforming the idea in
               | a really obtuse manner in order to paper over the obvious
               | distinction.
        
               | randomdata wrote:
               | Where do you dream this stuff up? What continues to be
               | asked is of what relevance the topic of breeding is to
               | the subject at hand. Nobody is surprised that selective
               | breeding is a thing, denies that it happens, or pretends
               | that it hasn't shaped the animals. What nobody seems to
               | want to answer is why it was brought to the discussion,
               | especially when it was already, and explicitly,
               | established that the exact mechanism for the animal's
               | behaviour is irrelevant to said discussion.
               | 
               | No doubt it was posted for good reason, but so far nobody
               | has been able to figure out what that reason is. To the
               | rest of us laymen, an environmental factor is an
               | environmental factor is an environmental factor. What
               | makes breeding so different that it justifies violating
               | the discussion that was taking place?
        
               | freejazz wrote:
               | >What nobody seems to want to answer is why it was
               | brought to the discussion, especially when it was
               | already, and explicitly, established that the exact
               | mechanism for the animal's behaviour is irrelevant to
               | said discussion.
               | 
               | Who said that? As far as I can tell the discussion was
               | the difference between domesticated cows and bison, and I
               | didn't see anyone say breeding is irrelevant except you.
               | 
               | > What makes breeding so different that it justifies
               | violating the discussion that was taking place?
               | 
               | What exactly are you talking about? You are being
               | obtusely vague
               | 
               | >Where do you dream this stuff up?
               | 
               | No need to be rude, it's not helping anything. You are
               | being rude to the other poster too, when it's your fault
               | for not communicating clearly and just insisting everyone
               | made the same assumptions as you when it's clear they
               | didn't. Rather than make things clear, you just keep
               | insulting people on top of things.
        
               | randomdata wrote:
               | _> As far as I can tell the discussion was the difference
               | between domesticated cows and bison_
               | 
               | The discussion was about how domesticated animals prefer
               | to stick around humans even when they don't need to,
               | negating the idea that all animals are of the opinion
               | that "humans suck". It was established that the exact
               | reason for why these animals behave that way is
               | irrelevant to the topic, but then the comment about bison
               | introduced the idea that it is relevant. After all, why
               | would we see a post that is irrelevant? But there is no
               | indication of where the relevance lies. Is selective
               | breeding not an environment pressure like any other? What
               | is noteworthy about it that justifies the violation?
               | 
               |  _> No need to be rude, it 's not helping anything._
               | 
               | Intriguing. It would be interesting to hear the logic
               | behind considering text spit out by a piece of software
               | to be rude. Does rudeness not require human intent?
               | Indeed, a human giving another human the middle finger
               | might be considered rude (human intent) by a human
               | observer, but a monkey giving the middle finger (non-
               | human intent) is not traditionally considered so despite
               | being an identical act. This seems to imply that you
               | assign human-like qualities to software. But at the same
               | time software is well understood to not be human-like. It
               | operates using very different mechanisms. Which, then,
               | seems like software should be treated more like the
               | monkey than like the human, but clearly that is not the
               | case.
               | 
               | Tell us more about your take! The other commenter does
               | not seem to recall why he posted the comment about the
               | bison, leaving that topic to be a dead-end, so let's
               | entertain your tangent.
        
               | freejazz wrote:
               | Why would I have any reason to believe your post was
               | written by a piece of software? What a horrible
               | "conversation" this has been. The point is to give fair
               | readings to other posters here. Not whatever it is you
               | are doing here.
        
               | randomdata wrote:
               | To ensure that we are on the same page, describe for me
               | what you are looking at. Does it appear to be a human, or
               | does it appear to be software?
        
               | freejazz wrote:
               | Humans can communicate through software, what is your
               | point? People can be rude in person, over the phone, in
               | writing via pen or computer.
        
               | randomdata wrote:
               | I'll take that to mean that you see software, but okay,
               | let's agree that appearances are not always what they
               | seem.
               | 
               | What ultimately sets humans apart from the monkeys, to
               | make the difference between human intent and non-human
               | intent significant, is identity. Indeed, a human in a
               | costume that is unrecognizable from an actual monkey,
               | thus having no identity, would not conjure rudeness
               | feelings when giving the middle finger any more than an
               | actual monkey would. It is fair to say that identity is
               | not necessarily one's outer appearance. Signing one's
               | name is another way humans confer identity, for example.
               | 
               | Do you recognize a human identity here? If so, describe
               | it for us.
        
               | randomdata wrote:
               | I genuinely ask what is noteworthy about breeding that
               | separates it from any other mechanism with respect to the
               | topic at hand. There is no indication in the comment of
               | how breeding actually violates the unnecessariness of the
               | exact mechanics. I suspect it was posted without having
               | read the thread that came before it, but we shall see
               | when clarification is revealed, if the original commenter
               | ever follows up.
        
               | grecy wrote:
               | I've read your comment above and the one above that
               | multiple times.
               | 
               | I still don't understand what you are asking.
               | 
               | If you don't understand that breeding something for a
               | certain trait will impact that animal, I suggest you go
               | look at pugs or dash-hounds and the medical problems they
               | now have as a result of very specific breeding.
        
               | randomdata wrote:
               | It was established that the exact mechanics don't matter.
               | But then you introduced an exact mechanic. This means
               | that there must be something incredibly interesting or
               | noteworthy about said mechanic to violate the notion that
               | the exact mechanics don't matter.
               | 
               | But you have not yet shared what is notable about it.
               | Breeding for a certain trait is farming 101. There is
               | absolutely nothing interesting about that. So what have
               | we missed?
        
               | grecy wrote:
               | I am still not following you at all. I honestly feel like
               | either you or I are replying to the wrong comment chain.
               | 
               | > _It was established that the exact mechanics don 't
               | matter_
               | 
               | Please show me what was established and where. I
               | genuinely don't know what you are talking about.
               | 
               | > _But then you introduced an exact mechanic_
               | 
               | Again, please show what I introduced and where.
               | 
               | > _This means that there must be something incredibly
               | interesting or noteworthy about said mechanic to violate
               | the notion that the exact mechanics don 't matter_
               | 
               | Ahhh, really lost now.
               | 
               | > _But you have not yet shared what is notable about it._
               | 
               | Notable about what?
               | 
               | Either one of us is staggeringly confused, or I'm having
               | this conversation with an AI in training.
        
               | randomdata wrote:
               | _> Either one of us is staggeringly confused_
               | 
               | Yes, I am the one who is confused, which is why I started
               | asking questions all those comments ago in a hopeful
               | effort to try and become unconfused. But at this point
               | you don't seem to even be aware of why you posted the
               | comment, so I suppose we'll just chalk it up to an
               | arbitrary thought crafted while in the middle of a
               | somnambulism.
        
         | genocidicbunny wrote:
         | >I feel certain future genre will look on us as barbarians for
         | keeping elephants and other intelligent animals in concrete
         | cells.
         | 
         | Not to worry, seems more and more likely they will look on us
         | as barbarians for killing off the elephants and other
         | intelligent animals.
        
         | hackeraccount wrote:
         | I imagine they'll look at us the way we look at people a
         | hundred years ago. There's some anger, some pity, some
         | amazement at the people who bucked the trend. There's even some
         | empathy for people who made bad choices.
         | 
         | That's if learn that elephants are like us. Maybe we'll find
         | out their better then way we are or worse. Getting to know that
         | answer over time will be amazing.
        
       | geuis wrote:
       | I kinda wish HN had a rule against submissions to sites with
       | login walls related to news, articles, etc. Basically, content
       | sites. It's constant these days and the only way to read the
       | articles is via archival sites like this.
       | 
       | My guess is the sites don't benefit from the traffic being
       | directed to them. The signup rate for this strategy is in the
       | single digit percentage at most. Meanwhile, at least if you're
       | like me, the user just immediately navigated back to HN. Out time
       | is wasted and the "front page" of HN is being somewhat diluted by
       | unreadable content.
        
         | elphinstone wrote:
         | Maybe a tiny lock icon? Submitter checks a box: reg/subwalled
         | Y/N?
        
         | nerevarthelame wrote:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsfaq.html:
         | 
         | "Are paywalls ok?
         | 
         | It's ok to post stories from sites with paywalls that have
         | workarounds.
         | 
         | In comments, it's ok to ask how to read an article and to help
         | other users do so. But please don't post complaints about
         | paywalls. Those are off topic."
        
           | tomrod wrote:
           | Complaint: "This article has a paywall! Ugh!"
           | 
           | Solutioning: "You know, paywalls are awful. Is there any
           | technology tweak we can apply to make the situation better?"
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | Also please don't post complaints about complaints about
           | paywalls. Those are off-topic twice.
        
         | qarl wrote:
         | There are browser extensions that let you bypass the paywall
         | pretty easily.
         | 
         | I would agree with you if it weren't so easy to dodge. But it
         | is.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | We detached this subthread from
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41000880.
        
         | brettermeier wrote:
         | Nonetheless it can be an interesting article, and if it's
         | interesting enough people can navigate around paywalls
         | (archive...). Otherwise I wouldn't have heard of this article
         | and that would be sad. It's a nice read.
        
       | smitty1e wrote:
       | Decades ago, I was in Thailand at a safari park with a coconut
       | cracked open from the refreshment stand, sipping the milk through
       | a plastic straw.
       | 
       | An elephant did something deeply human and thugged that coconut
       | right out of my hand, and into its mouth it went. Those trunks
       | are quick and I, a dumb tourist, was not on guard.
       | 
       | Best thing I could do was pluck the straw from its maw, as that
       | probably would not have been healthy.
        
       | leshokunin wrote:
       | They mourn, they can paint, they save people from drowning, they
       | take the trash out. I've seen so many videos of elephants
       | behaving in a way that shows some form of consciousness and
       | reflection on the world. They are clearly intelligent beings.
       | 
       | Last century saw us enter the age of information, where logic and
       | manipulating data became our main way of creating value.
       | 
       | Maybe this century will be about understanding the shape of our
       | intelligence. We've clearly already got a machine intelligence
       | that we don't understand well. (see Chess, Go, LLMs). Now there
       | are hundreds of species that are likely to have intelligence
       | close enough that we could communicate with. Hopefully we will
       | come up with ways to get there.
        
         | treme wrote:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1qQOGCyRbY
         | 
         | my fav elephant behavior: appreciating music
        
           | leshokunin wrote:
           | Oh thanks for reminding me!
        
         | complaintdept wrote:
         | There's a video I saw a while back of these Indian women who
         | knitted sweaters for the elephants because there was a very
         | cold winter that year. The elephants, normally aloof, heard
         | them singing at the edge of the woods, saw the elephant sized
         | clothes, came up and let the women put giant sweaters on them
         | and left.
        
         | hosh wrote:
         | I guess my view of consciousness is different -- all living
         | beings having consciousness, but perhaps not specifically in
         | the form of the human mind or intellect.
         | 
         | These are ancient ideas. Maybe this century will validate some
         | of those.
        
           | r2_pilot wrote:
           | If you're looking for a specific word: umwelt.
        
             | hosh wrote:
             | I know that word, and it is one way of describing what I
             | was talking about, but it is not what I meant. My actual
             | worldview is a superset of "all living beings are
             | conscious". For example, I don't necessarily think that
             | consciousness emerges from biology or complex interaction
             | of matter.
             | 
             | Umwelt is a good step outside of anthropocentric view of
             | consciousness and the world though.
        
         | ziggyzecat wrote:
         | for everything our logic is, it's not our main way of creating
         | value. it's the one way we survive, hand in hand with a lot of
         | ignorance. this planet has far more patience for us than we
         | have for ourselves.
        
         | explaingarlic wrote:
         | If they can paint, then so can I. And it took me years to learn
         | how to do decent stickmen!
         | 
         | Either way, we are not going to see intelligent computers in
         | our lifetime, let alone elephants. Don't mean to condemn them
         | but sapio-genesis is often oversold as being too easy. We are
         | nowhere near being capable of ourselves, we have just learned
         | how to process things similarly to how brains do it, at a
         | fraction of the efficacy and ten trillion times the cost.
        
       | nokun7 wrote:
       | How long before they have collisions and start using last names!?
        
         | tetris11 wrote:
         | (nah, the hash function of the vocalization mappings easily
         | exceeds 512bits...)
         | 
         | I do wonder of they're _actually_ naming themselves, or if they
         | 're _being named_ by others.
         | 
         | Is there a handshaking protocol, where a bird says "hi I'm
         | Fred" followed up by "greetings Fred!" "hiya Fred!"
         | 
         | or if it's more akin to schoolboy nicknames that stick. e.g. a
         | bird yells at another bird "hey wifepooper, you're pooping on
         | my wife!" and that target bird will never refer to themselves
         | as 'wifepooper' but merely 'I'/'me', though other birds will
         | refer to that singular bird as 'wifepooper'
        
       | purpleblue wrote:
       | Shouldn't machine learning be easily able to decipher animal
       | communication at this point?
        
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