[HN Gopher] Anti-ageing 'supermodel granny' drug extends life in...
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       Anti-ageing 'supermodel granny' drug extends life in mice by 25%
        
       Author : isaacfrond
       Score  : 31 points
       Date   : 2024-07-18 12:56 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bbc.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bbc.com)
        
       | DolphinAsa wrote:
       | Ah yes, the never ending reign of the boomers would be great.
       | just great.
       | 
       | Though in seriousness, pretty amazing if this works in humans.
       | Peptide therapy seems huge lately.
        
         | kylebenzle wrote:
         | An antibody is not a peptide [1]. This drug is an antibody that
         | targets the protein interleukin-11.
         | 
         | Peptides are very short amino acid sequences.
         | 
         | 1.
         | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S13601...
        
       | grishka wrote:
       | As an anti-aging intervention, this is useless because it still
       | doesn't uncover the master organism development regulator, and it
       | doesn't actually "fix" aging, it doesn't make the organism
       | believe that it's younger. The aging process still happens and
       | the organism still dies _of the passage of time_.
       | 
       | It might be useful as a lead to that master regulator, though. Or
       | it might be not.
        
         | irdc wrote:
         | I'd still take it (or, something that does the same but is
         | proven safe and effective in humans) while waiting for
         | something that matches your desiderata. I've seen what ageing
         | can do to people,...
        
           | wang_li wrote:
           | All you need is something that extends your healthspan at
           | slightly greater than the rate that new discoveries to extend
           | your healthspan are made.
        
             | grishka wrote:
             | Yes, this is called longevity escape velocity, except this
             | is not quite how aging works. The organism _wants_ to
             | destroy itself. It 's part of the developmental program
             | that starts with conception but eventually turns self-
             | destructive. Trying to use the modern medical approach,
             | where the body is assisted with what it wants to do anyway,
             | is going to be an uphill battle.
        
               | shrimp_emoji wrote:
               | What do you mean "wants to destroy itself"? Why does it
               | "turn self-destructive"?
               | 
               | The best interpretation I can make is an allusion to how
               | we're designed to be fundamentally unmaintainable (think
               | Twitch's codebase), so living is synonymous with eventual
               | ruin.
               | 
               | Fun biofatalistic fact: some evidence alleges that genes
               | regulate our IQ to keep it within a narrow range, keeping
               | from going too low _or_ too high. :D
               | 
               | So, maybe, by just disabling some regulator gene
               | somewhere, we could all be von Neumanns! But the true fix
               | for all this is to rewrite the genome in Rust.
        
               | irdc wrote:
               | It would be fun to speculate what IQ escape velocity
               | looks like. Just _how_ _much_ can we boost those neurons?
               | How many Whetstones can your wetware do?
        
               | shrimp_emoji wrote:
               | Yeah! That's how I'm forecasting the first "superhuman
               | AGI". We don't need a dozen civilizations' training data,
               | either; just enough cheeseburgers. And we have loads of
               | those already. ;D
        
               | irdc wrote:
               | There's no proof of decline and death being "intentional"
               | (as much as nature has intentions). At this point it's
               | just as likely that our bodies just tend to naturally
               | poison us with glycated connective tissue, transthyretin,
               | various peptides and what have you.
        
               | grishka wrote:
               | The proof that it's intentional is that Yamanaka factors
               | work. They reset any cell, no matter the age or the
               | specialization, to a perfectly young stem cell. Another
               | proof is that heterochronic parabiosis works.
               | Transplanting an old organ into a young body rejuvenates
               | the organ as well. High concentrations of exosomes taken
               | from young blood also have a rejuvenating effect.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _proof that it 's intentional is that Yamanaka factors
               | work_
               | 
               | Not really. Multicellular life is messy. Neglect and bad
               | intent, so far as nature can have intention, are
               | difficult to distinguish.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _organism wants to destroy itself_
               | 
               | Organisms don't _want_ anything. They 're a complex
               | cascade of chemical processes.
               | 
               | You're correct in that programmed death is a factor in
               | aging. (It's most dramatic in octopuses: removing a
               | physical gland causes them not to brood. Unfortunately,
               | octopuses being aggressive cannibals, this also causes
               | them to devour their young [1].) But if it were 100%
               | programmed death, the problem would be easy: change the
               | code. It's not solely programmed death, but a complex mix
               | of programmed death, accumulated damage and the body not
               | really bothering with the latter, maybe due to the
               | existence of the former [2].
               | 
               | > _Trying to use the modern medical approach, where the
               | body is assisted with what it wants to do anyway_
               | 
               | A _lot_ of medicine is forcing the immune system to stop
               | going Rambo.
               | 
               | [1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17787564/
               | 
               | [2] https://www.nature.com/articles/s41392-022-01251-0
        
               | grishka wrote:
               | > But if it were 100% programmed death, the problem would
               | be easy: change the code.
               | 
               | The problem is _finding the code_ in the first place. To
               | my programmer mind, biology feels like it must be
               | comprised of layers of emergent behavior. We 're not very
               | good at understanding these right now. It might well be
               | that the code you're talking about is not in the DNA, but
               | rather it emerges somewhere where we aren't looking.
               | 
               | > A lot of medicine is forcing the immune system to stop
               | going Rambo.
               | 
               | Okay you win :P
        
               | throwaway837te wrote:
               | Maybe developers should spend more time in bio tech,
               | rather than ad tech.
               | 
               | Imagine if we spent 30% of our effort to improve
               | humanity.
        
               | grishka wrote:
               | If want to take a stab at me personally, I'm helping
               | build the fediverse. Ads are cancer. I don't want to be
               | anywhere near them.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | I should have said "simple" instead of "easy." It isn't
               | easy. But if it's all in our genes, that's a finite
               | search space. In reality, the search space is
               | indeterminetedly bounded, possibly unbounded. It's hard
               | not because it's elusive, but because it's complex.
        
               | D-Coder wrote:
               | > To my programmer mind, biology feels like it must be
               | comprised of layers of emergent behavior.
               | 
               | Think of it as a billion years of kludges.
        
               | kelseyfrog wrote:
               | This runs counter to most physiology textbook
               | introductions which tend toward making statements like,
               | "The body's main goal is maintaining homeostasis," and
               | from there framing the rest of the bodily processes as
               | various feedback mechanisms which normally align to
               | achieve homeostasis. Sometimes these processes are at
               | odds with each other, and only their combined effect is
               | homeostatic, but pedagogically the nuance of that is
               | present from the start of education.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _This runs counter to most physiology textbook_
               | 
               | Which part?
        
               | kelseyfrog wrote:
               | I'm sorry, I meant to respond to the parent, but
               | responded here instead.
               | 
               | It was in reference to the >organism wants to destroy
               | itself. My apologies
        
         | D-Coder wrote:
         | Fifteen to twenty extra years of lifespan is useless? With
         | reduced odds of cancer?
         | 
         | (20-25% longer life x 80 year current lifespan.)
        
         | aiauthoritydev wrote:
         | Steps to biological immortality would look exactly like these.
        
       | TeaBrain wrote:
       | The Nature article this is based upon was posted yesterday:
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40987224
        
       | abeppu wrote:
       | > However, he said there were still problems, including the lack
       | of evidence in patients and the cost of making such drugs and "it
       | is unthinkable to treat every 50-year-old for the rest of their
       | life".
       | 
       | On the "lack of evidence in patients" ... does "testing" this in
       | humans mean decades long trials? Given that the effects in their
       | animal model was 25%, it seems like measuring if there was such
       | an increase in humans (and beginning taking it in late middle
       | age) it would be a generation before you had results.
       | 
       | On the "unthinkable to treat every 50-year-old" comment, I think
       | we as a society would need to change as a function of our changed
       | lifespans -- making all the middle-aged people live to 100+ would
       | exacerbate issues around social benefits, housing stock, etc. But
       | if we all had longer, more productive lives (i.e. worked longer,
       | added our skills and expertise to the economy for longer), could
       | that more than offset the costs? If a drug raised your life
       | expectancy by 20 years, and most people worked another 15, that's
       | still pretty good.
        
         | throwaway837te wrote:
         | I think you are right. If you get 20 extra years with the
         | quality of an average 50 year old, I think it's a good thing.
         | 
         | Many countries are seeing the birth rate decline. If people
         | could extend their life with 20 healthy and productive years it
         | would change everything. Suddenly you could choose to change
         | your career or make more long term financial choices.
        
         | marcusverus wrote:
         | Assuming the drug adds another 20 years of quality life, the
         | impact on social program financing would be very good. As is,
         | the average person spends, roughly ~56% of human life being
         | net-productive (20 learning, 45 working, 15 retired). Add 20
         | healthy years, and most folks will keep working, which would
         | raise the share of productive years to ~65%. If the treatment
         | is expensive, then only net-productive individuals would be
         | able to afford it, meaning we would gain the benefit of
         | contributors contributing for longer, without net-recipients
         | receiving for longer.
         | 
         | This would also allow folks another 20 years of planning/saving
         | for retirement, which could greatly improve the quality of
         | those years for the average retiree, but probably won't.
         | 
         | The biggest social impact of this drug, I think, would be its
         | affect of the wealth gap. Another 20 years of compounding
         | market returns would buoy the net worth of the 30% who make up
         | the "upper class". An ever-increasing number of people would be
         | able to achieve financial "escape velocity" by building nest-
         | eggs which can sustain them indefinitely via 3% withdrawals,
         | allowing them to retire "early" (i.e. before the new "standard"
         | retirement age of 80). Folks who speed-run their careers and
         | retire in their 40s-50s could enjoy 50 or 60 years of
         | retirement! Inheritances would rise dramatically, but come
         | later in life. This would also result in a backlash, of course.
         | Envy is the oldest and most powerful organizing "principle",
         | and politicians will happily use this new prosperity to
         | generate enmity for their own purposes, just as they always
         | have.
         | 
         | My main concern would be the dysgenic impact of such a thing.
         | If it becomes generally available, it will no doubt encourage
         | thinking folks delay having children even more, while also
         | granting another decade of fertility to the "oops another baby"
         | cohort. It seems clear that this would significantly accelerate
         | our decline toward idiocracy.
        
           | aiilns wrote:
           | > If the treatment is expensive, then only net-productive
           | individuals would be able to afford it, meaning we would gain
           | the benefit of contributors contributing for longer, without
           | net-recipients receiving for longer.
           | 
           | Because rich people are "net-productive" and poor people are
           | "net-recipients"?
           | 
           | This is wrong on so many levels. And even today rich people
           | live on average longer. Can't see the benefit myself.
        
             | nonameloser wrote:
             | having money is a sign of being productive, on the whole
        
               | Gud wrote:
               | Having money is a sign of being able to extract wealth
               | from the current economic system. I know many productive
               | people who never learnt that hard work doesn't equal good
               | money.
        
               | BobaFloutist wrote:
               | It's actually typically a sign of your parents having
               | money, above all else.
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | [dupe]
       | 
       | More discussion: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40987224
        
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       (page generated 2024-07-18 23:13 UTC)