[HN Gopher] A RP2040 based DECstation 3000 emulator that can run...
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       A RP2040 based DECstation 3000 emulator that can run DECWindows
        
       Author : dmitrygr
       Score  : 181 points
       Date   : 2024-07-17 23:11 UTC (23 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (github.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (github.com)
        
       | ChuckMcM wrote:
       | Wow. Pretty neat stuff.
       | 
       | This is another great way to understand what computers getting
       | faster by three decimal orders of magnitude means :-)
        
         | flyinghamster wrote:
         | I know, really? It's hard to appreciate future shock until you
         | bump into it. When cheap microcontrollers can emulate big-
         | league workstations of the past, you _know_ you 're in the
         | future. We long ago reached the point where you could emulate a
         | PDP-11 faster than any real one ever built.
        
           | rbanffy wrote:
           | I run 3 IBM 4381's with Hercules (and two Altair Z80
           | machines, with SimH) out of a Docker Swarm cluster of four
           | RPi Zero W's mounted inside an Ikea picture frame.
        
       | anyfoo wrote:
       | I was thinking "this looks awfully familiar", and was going to
       | link http://dmitry.gr/?r=05.Projects&proj=33.%20LinuxCard, but it
       | turns out that the code is directly based on that!
       | 
       | For anyone interested, it's still very worth visiting that link,
       | as it describes the whole journey and technical details about how
       | the original DECstation emulation code came to be.
        
       | jdswain wrote:
       | People used to get productive work done on DECstations, they were
       | big and expensive in their time. Now we can recreate them for
       | just a few dollars (plus the cost of a screen and keyboard).
       | Today almost everything we do relies on the internet, so a wifi
       | driver would be useful as well.
       | 
       | Many things we do today require more processing power, but many
       | things do not. Writing, terminals (well SSH could be a problem),
       | email, hn. We used to do raytracing on a DECstation, had to use a
       | remote X window to view the finished image in colour.
       | 
       | You would think that a certain subset of people would quite like
       | a simpler system today to work on, but I guess it's just easier
       | to buy something modern with all the extra layers of complexity.
       | 
       | Maybe this is because today programming largely relies on having
       | access to the accumulated knowledge of the internet, and a very
       | complex web browser.
        
         | spacedcowboy wrote:
         | My PhD was done in a DECstation 3100. The physics lab was a VAX
         | environment (everyone had VTxxx terminals in their desk) but
         | someone had bought a 3100, not figured out how to use it, and
         | it was sitting in a corner - normally switched off. I managed
         | to persuade them I could put it to use when I joined the group,
         | and about 6 months later everyone else in the group had Unix
         | workstations too... we named them all after asterix characters,
         | mine was getafix.
        
       | joshu wrote:
       | most of my undergrad was done on decstation 3100s running ultrix.
       | i loved the huge mono monitors. so many xterms open at once!
       | amazing.
        
       | lizknope wrote:
       | When I started college in the fall of 1993 we had hundreds of
       | DECstations. A mix of 2100 black and white machines, 3100, and a
       | few 5000 machines. That's where I learned C/C++, ran Spice and
       | various logic simulators. DEC had already announced the Alpha but
       | the college decided to move to Sun and HP-UX which was probably a
       | good decision because there was more software available for those
       | platforms.
        
         | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
         | The 3100s could be sluggish running local apps but really
         | shined when used as an X terminal with apps on an alpha server.
        
           | __d wrote:
           | I had a 3100 on my desk for several years, with an LK201
           | keyboard and a 19" color monitor, running Ultrix 4.2/3/4
           | iirc.
           | 
           | It was snappy enough running plain X11 or Athena (Xaw)
           | applications, but Motif stuff slowed it down a bit. I had a
           | tvtwm running a big virtual desktop, an Emacs with a bunch of
           | frames, and a stack of Xterms.
           | 
           | We had a couple of 5000/25's with the multimedia peripherals,
           | but they weren't really worth it. IIRC, our group's server
           | was a 5000/240 (?)
           | 
           | Then we moved to Alphas (3000 AXP, then 4/255), then a Sun
           | Ultra 10, and finally Linux PCs.
        
         | cbm-vic-20 wrote:
         | It was great to be able to walk up to any DECstation on campus,
         | log in, and immediately get your desktop setup exactly the way
         | you like it, without having to carry anything around with you
         | all day. Displaying apps from remote Sun or the sweet new Alpha
         | machines, too. Good times.
        
           | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
           | > walk up to any DECstation on campus, log in, and
           | immediately get your desktop setup exactly the way you like
           | it, without having to carry anything around with you all day.
           | 
           | Just X over the network, or something fancier?
        
             | perbu wrote:
             | Just NFS, I assume. It doesn't take more.
        
               | tankenmate wrote:
               | and NIS/NIS+ if using NFS.
               | 
               | being DecStations though it might have been using the
               | whole DCE/RPC ecosystem (which was later adopted by MS
               | for MSRPC and hence NTLM and SMB/CIFS).
        
               | lizknope wrote:
               | We had the whole DCE Project Athena setup at my school.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Athena
               | 
               | Everything was encrypted through Kerberos and AFS. We had
               | a mix of workstations running DEC Ultrix, SunOS, Solaris,
               | HP-UX, SGI IRIX, IBM AIX, and Linux.
               | 
               | The computing center compiled every GNU utility and put
               | those in the PATH first so the environment was basically
               | the same and you rarely had to worry about what type of
               | machine you were on. We could ask a student who worked in
               | the computing center to compile some new X11 window
               | manager and they would and install it for all the
               | different architectures and using AFS @sys string it
               | would transparently link to the specific binary for that
               | platform so you didn't need to modify your PATH
               | 
               | We had Zephyr instant messaging and the .anyone file
               | where you could put all your friends in a file and see
               | who was logged in. We would send Zephyr messages on some
               | broadcast groups and see who wanted to meet up for lunch.
               | I made friends with people I didn't even know before
               | through that.
               | 
               | This was all from 1993-97 and then I got a job and it was
               | like the stone age with NFS / NIS groups and chmod
               | permissions. We are now creating stuff like zephyr with
               | Slack
        
               | guenthert wrote:
               | Well any network filesystem really. AFS was popular at
               | some larger sites.
        
               | lizknope wrote:
               | My school used AFS. It was great being able to use ACLs
               | to give a specific student and no one else access to a
               | directory in my account. Then we could make groups of
               | students for group projects. Then I got a job in 1997 and
               | it was back to traditional Unix groups where you need
               | root or NIS admin access to create and modify groups.
               | It's 2024 and I work at a company with 8,000 people and
               | it still takes a few days to get multiple Unix group
               | access for everything on a new project.
        
               | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
               | I've thought about trying out AFS; there are apparently
               | open source server and clients available, and it seems to
               | have some different design choices to let it work nicely
               | over WAN compared to NFS. Less clear that the FOSS
               | versions do the user/permission management stuff (though
               | maybe they do), but that wouldn't matter as much for
               | personal use.
        
               | _joel wrote:
               | Err, LDAP? SSSD etc :) or just beurocracy (I guess!)
        
               | lizknope wrote:
               | I'm not actually sure. We have a web page where we
               | request group access and then I think it emails another
               | project lead and they have to approve it but I don't know
               | how it all works.
               | 
               | Then we have another internal command that we run in
               | every new shell where we include the groups we want
               | access to. It runs and if we run the "groups" command
               | before and after we see the new groups. But there is a
               | limit to the number of groups so it is a pain if you need
               | to access multiple projects at the same time because
               | libraries and stuff are in different project areas.
        
             | rcarmo wrote:
             | I had a similar experience in college. Centralized home
             | directories and X11 went a _long_ way. I loved it (still
             | do, and prefer Remote Desktop to local compute most times).
        
       | Pet_Ant wrote:
       | Related, but is there a way to emulate a VT520 on a Pi using
       | opensource? Just want to have a replica that looks like the
       | ultimate form of that extinct lineage.
        
         | poizan42 wrote:
         | I think MAME can emulate it (as in running the actual ROM
         | dumped from a DEC VT520), see
         | https://wiki.mamedev.org/index.php/MIS
        
           | stragies wrote:
           | Doesn't fit the OP constraint "using opensource", but thanks,
           | and +1 from me for pointing me to this :)
           | 
           | The VT320 (+ VT330) seem to also be supported, are also on
           | that list, but not the VT340 mentioned in sibling post.
        
         | p_l wrote:
         | As ex-owner of VT510, I'd say it's not really the ultimate form
         | other than VT5xx being the last series from Digital.
         | 
         | For ultimate expression of Digital's VT series I'd rather go
         | for VT340+, which supported both SIXEL and ReGIS graphics in
         | colour. VT525 has colour graphics, but I can't find any mention
         | of either SIXEL or ReGIS support on it.
        
           | rcarmo wrote:
           | Yeah, 340 was an all-round better option.
        
           | rbanffy wrote:
           | IIRC, the VT-525 could do color text, but not graphics.
        
           | Pet_Ant wrote:
           | According to this it does support SIXEL
           | https://www.manualslib.com/manual/1200903/Digital-
           | Equipment-...
        
             | p_l wrote:
             | That's "custom character support", or properly DRCS -
             | Dynamically Redefinable Character Sets, not full SIXEL
             | graphics.
             | 
             | It's essentially a way to send custom "font" to terminal.
             | You could push it to get certain level of graphics, but
             | it's not the same as capability of sixel bitmap.
        
       | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
       | There's something beautiful (and slightly jarring) about a
       | computer where the ethernet and VGA ports are each bigger than
       | the entire CPU and RAM. For all that it may have slowed more
       | recently, Moore's law really did hit it out of the park in the
       | long run:)
        
       | michrassena wrote:
       | I'm looking over at my Decstation 5000/260 with the burnt-out
       | power supply. Maybe this is what I need to get that feeling back.
        
       | boznz wrote:
       | Wow! Really pushes the capability of the RP2040 to add a Memory
       | Management Unit for the external RAM and incorporate DMA and a
       | VGA display. The PIO on this chip is amazingly flexible.
        
         | cellularmitosis wrote:
         | Seriously!
         | 
         | " The PSRAM/HyperRAM PIO engine provides 42/32 MB/s
         | (write/read) of memory bandwidth. Further, four PIO engines are
         | used to provide four seperate read/write memory ports. This
         | allows independent memory access for the emulated CPU, video
         | DMA, and receive/send Ethernet traffic."
        
           | p_l wrote:
           | Even more interesting, the PIO-based memory controller is
           | faster than the one in DECstation 3100!
        
           | bitwize wrote:
           | I just looked up what PIO was in the context of the RP2040
           | and... wow.
           | 
           | They're like general-purpose Amiga Coppers. You can program
           | them to control I/O lines and they will just do the I/O,
           | independent of the CPU.
           | 
           | This emulator is probably just the beginning of _really_ cool
           | things that will be built with the Raspberry Pi Pico.
        
       | ggm wrote:
       | Interests me how little mention of Ultrix lies on the page.
       | Pretty directly a BSD type, with some interesting twists, and the
       | inclusion of DECnet support. the desktop was CDE?
       | 
       | OSF/1 was such a departure. Nice, but different. Strange days.
        
         | dmitrygr wrote:
         | More mentions of Ultrix exist at the page where the emulator
         | source code came from.
        
       | petesoper wrote:
       | What boggles my mind is the notion of running an RP2040 at
       | 300mhz.
        
         | spacedcowboy wrote:
         | They over-clock really well. The guy who got DVI running on the
         | RP2040 [1] had it clocking at 372MHz when doing 720p30.
         | 
         | [1] https://github.com/Wren6991/PicoDVI
        
       | nickdothutton wrote:
       | My university was a DEC shop, 6000 and 8000 series in the machine
       | room and DECstations and VAXstations in the lab, and a million
       | vt320s for the masses in the terminal rooms. All +his project is
       | missing as a candle that generates the smell of hot dust on CRT
       | guns.
        
       | wang_li wrote:
       | I want to know if they have a patched version of Ultrix or a
       | license file that allows more than two users? Ultrix on a
       | MicroVAX was my first contact with a Unix system. Then briefly
       | some SunOS 4.x and then extensively Ultrix on DECstation 3000.
       | But while you can do some fiddly show and tell stuff without a
       | license, only being able to have two process owners, one of which
       | is root, is kind of limiting.
        
       | nyrikki wrote:
       | I ran over 1200 domains and the POP server for the largest ISP in
       | a medium city on a single 3100, not on NT obviously, osf/1
        
         | bodyfour wrote:
         | Surely you mean Ultrix, not OSF/1? Unless you're misremembering
         | the hardware model...
        
       | chaoskitty wrote:
       | I would love to get one os these and run NetBSD it. NetBSD runs
       | better than one might think on a system with 32 megabytes of
       | memory and a relatively slow CPU.
        
         | mritun wrote:
         | RP2040 is a micro-controller and does not have an MMU. It
         | cannot _natively_ run any OS that relies on a MMU and that
         | includes NetBSD. One can of course write an emulator that does
         | and run that emulator on RP2040 and NetBSD on the emulator.
         | 
         | edit: Emulators, of course!
        
           | anyfoo wrote:
           | This project _is_ an emulator that is able to run NetBSD (and
           | Ultrix, and Linux, and potentially others)!
        
       | Suppafly wrote:
       | Other than pure nostalgia is there anything interesting you can
       | run on this? Definitely a cool way to push the limits of a rp2040
       | regardless.
        
         | bitwize wrote:
         | Once the Alpha ones get emulated you could run the original
         | Alpha version of Open Genera (Symbolics Lisp machine OS).
        
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       (page generated 2024-07-18 23:05 UTC)