[HN Gopher] Musical Notation for Modular Synthesizers
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       Musical Notation for Modular Synthesizers
        
       Author : bschne
       Score  : 78 points
       Date   : 2024-07-13 15:36 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.perfectcircuit.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.perfectcircuit.com)
        
       | brudgers wrote:
       | Roland's _Practical Synthesis for Electronic Music, Volume 2_
       | starts with a discussion of modular notation. To me, it 's very
       | well thought out.
       | 
       | https://reaktorplayer.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/...
        
         | rectang wrote:
         | This is likely to be personal incompatibility with Roland's
         | style, but I've always found Roland user interface designs to
         | be inscrutable banks of deep menus, arbitrary buttons, tiny
         | screens, and "wizard" style branching between wholly disparate
         | aesthetic presets that change everything at once. I have never
         | been able to intuit and memorize Roland gear well enough to
         | customize according to my own mental models. The idea that
         | anything Roland would be held aloft as "well thought out" by
         | somebody is baffling to me.
         | 
         | Roland's popularity and success speaks for itself so there's no
         | need to prove anything. Their UIs are just completely at odds
         | with my personal creative flow.
         | 
         | Back in the late 90s I mixed an entire album on a VS-880 (with
         | good results, it sold a couple thousand copies and got decent
         | college radio airplay) so I've definitely given them a chance
         | and gotten the full experience -- but that damn thing fought me
         | relentlessly. None of the motions I learned stuck with me.
         | 
         | I feel the same way about a lot of hardware electronic gear (I
         | was utterly defeated by an Akai sampler around the same time).
         | The exceptions are the interfaces that hew to a consistent
         | theoretical model and emphasize tweaking of individual
         | parameters rather than selection of presets. I was highly
         | productive within the Logic Audio environment; I had good
         | impressions of the Nord Modular and its GUI software.
         | 
         | Any Roland-style modeling of modular synthesis is likely to
         | leave me behind. Glad it works for you and many others, though!
        
           | brudgers wrote:
           | The new Roland technical strategy does not speak to me
           | either.
           | 
           | The book is from Roland's 100M modular system and written in
           | the late 1970's or early 80's. That version of the System 100
           | was menuless, entirely analog, and patched with some basic
           | normals and wires. I came across the book because my Eurorack
           | is mostly Behringer System 100 modules because they are cheap
           | as am I.
           | 
           | ===
           | 
           | I picked up a VS880 for about $100 last year and use it as my
           | primary multitrack recorder because I prefer not to use
           | general purpose computers for creative work anymore and it's
           | a hobby. I have a ZuluSCSI plugged into the back and record
           | to an SD card on that.
           | 
           | This year, I made a commitment to learn how to use it...not
           | much point in selling it...and do more recording. What I like
           | about it is not the menus. It's that being the first in the
           | series, the design brief seems to have been a better tape
           | machine and alternative to ADAT. Later models were competing
           | with DAWs.
           | 
           | Because the VS880 is fanless, I can leave it on all day while
           | I do other things (e.g. take a nap). Of course it works for
           | me because my musical ambitions are very unambitious.
        
           | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
           | You're talking about post-D50 Roland. Before the D50 Roland
           | made simple analog synths with very intuitive interfaces.
           | 
           | After the D50 - and especially after the DX7, which started
           | the one-slider-panel 80s trend - synth interfaces started to
           | sprout two-line LCD panels.
           | 
           | Most Roland UIs today are pretty horrific.
        
       | bobvanluijt wrote:
       | Interesting that Nelson Goodmanis is mentioned. IMO music
       | notation has the same, albeit lesser observable, problem as
       | language and that's context. Regardless if it's the Koln concert
       | or a modular synth. If we try to capture all context for -let's
       | say- the first second of a musical piece, it's almost impossible
       | to do.
        
         | dahart wrote:
         | What's the context of your opinion? ;) By that I mean, what
         | context do you see missing from music notation that should
         | normally be there, and what would it accomplish? What is the
         | goal behind capturing all context, and when is that goal
         | important? Do have examples?
        
           | bobvanluijt wrote:
           | The author gives the example of the Koln Concert; we can buy
           | scores to play the piece, but the score doesn't contain
           | enough information to _really_ replicate the performance.
           | That's what I meant by the missing context.
        
         | consf wrote:
         | The challenge of fully capturing context
        
       | ziofill wrote:
       | Very cool! Synths can 'move' in a bigger musical space than a
       | traditional instrument: it's fascinating how musicians can still
       | manage to convey a written account of the music.
        
       | JoeDaDude wrote:
       | Another example was put out by the DIY synthesizer kit company
       | PAIA [1]. They had a patch notation system in which control
       | voltages and connections were represented vertically and sound
       | signal flow and processing was represented horizontally. The
       | system was presented in a small booklet called The Source, which
       | I have been unable to locate online, except for a photo of it
       | with a PAIA synth [2].
       | 
       | The Source diagrams resemble the Figure 4 example by Allen
       | Strange in TFA.
       | 
       | [1]. https://paia.com/
       | 
       | [2].
       | https://www.matrixsynth.com/2012/02/1981-paia-4700-modular.h...
        
         | denton-scratch wrote:
         | That sounds a bit like the patch cards for the EMS VCS3; you
         | puhed pins into the square patchboard to connect-up the
         | modules. If you mounted a piece of card over the patchboard and
         | pushed the pins through that, the card became a record of your
         | patch.
         | 
         | Of course, you couldn't "read" the card and guess what it
         | souned like; the patchcard didn't record the settings of the
         | knobs either.
        
       | chaosprint wrote:
       | Since my master's studies, I have been researching this topic. I
       | highly recommend Professor Thor Magnusson's book, "Sonic Writing"
       | (https://www.bloomsbury.com/uk/sonic-writing-9781501313868/), as
       | well as all of his research.
       | 
       | For example, in this article, he discusses algorithms as
       | "Algorithms as Scores" (https://cris.brighton.ac.uk/ws/portalfile
       | s/portal/268697/Mag...).
       | 
       | These concepts have profoundly influenced my creation of Glicol
       | (https://glicol.org/).
        
         | chambored wrote:
         | How does Glicol differ from Supercollider
         | (https://github.com/supercollider/supercollider)?
        
           | chaosprint wrote:
           | There are indeed some similarities. I was influenced by
           | SuperCollider (SC). One of my master's graduation projects
           | was a system based on SC:
           | https://github.com/chaosprint/Packing. Both SC and Glicol are
           | written in low-level languages--SC in C++ and Glicol in Rust.
           | Inspired by SC's reusable scsynth, I created glicol_synth as
           | an independent audio library.
           | 
           | However, their syntax differs greatly. Glicol's syntax is
           | designed for live coding, prioritizing simplicity and
           | readability and it's actually partially inspired by modular
           | synth(for example: https://glicol.org/demo#minitechno and
           | https://glicol.org/tour#fm), while SC's syntax inherits from
           | Smalltalk, adhering to standard OOP. SC's ecosystem is
           | mature, offering GUI development, various sound processing
           | methods, and robust multi-channel support. In contrast,
           | Glicol's sound processing is still very minimal and
           | experimental. Once the basic architecture, like multi-channel
           | and audio graph handling, is established, adding sound
           | processing modules will be linear.
           | 
           | Additionally, Glicol's support for both browser and CLI is a
           | highlight.
        
         | bodge5000 wrote:
         | I'm a big fan of Glicol, my main issue with it is the lack of
         | documentation. There's some great getting started guides, but
         | beyond that not too much (for example, an example for glicol-
         | cli is provided using the built in BD drum, but I can't find
         | any reference for all drums available).
         | 
         | As I say, it's otherwise perfect for me, it's sound design
         | capabilities are really fantastic
        
       | riiii wrote:
       | I sometimes wonder how western music notation would look like if
       | it were designed from scratch today with all the knowledge we
       | have today.
       | 
       | It feels like the current system is the Imperial system and
       | somewhere ought to be the SI metric system.
        
         | Tokkemon wrote:
         | It's the worst system, except for all the others.
        
           | dtagames wrote:
           | Props for the Churchill democracy reference. And so true.
           | This notation problem definitely exists for all synthesizers,
           | not just modular ones, and probably at some level for all new
           | electronic instruments (which are synths under the hood).
        
         | Cthulhu_ wrote:
         | Wonder no more; there's been a few attempts. Here's some from a
         | quick HN search: Hummingbird
         | (https://www.hummingbirdnotation.com/), Clairnote
         | (https://clairnote.org/), and a thread with experimental music
         | notation resources (https://llllllll.co/t/experimental-music-
         | notation-resources/...)
        
           | noahlt wrote:
           | I love all these attempts because I read the introductions
           | nodding my head in agreement--yes traditional notation is
           | annoying, yes we can use software to make better notations,
           | yes it should be intuitive--and then I get to their actual
           | proposal and it's just as inscrutible as traditional
           | notation, and, often, uglier.
        
             | pclmulqdq wrote:
             | It turns out that notating the production of sound is
             | inherently a very information-theoretically hard problem.
        
         | pseudocomposer wrote:
         | > It feels like the current system is the Imperial system and
         | somewhere ought to be the SI metric system.
         | 
         | Any reason for that beyond "feeling?" And are you very deeply
         | familiar with how the current system resolves differences
         | between the single chromatic and 12 diatonic scales?
         | 
         | Full disclosure here: I'm a pianist who can generally sight
         | read nearly anything (that's well-edited) put in front of me,
         | to the point of having music directed opera and theater for a
         | living for a while, rather than using my CS and math degrees
         | immediately after earning them from UNC.
         | 
         | I've also created an app, BeatScratch (https://beatscratch.io)
         | that, among other things, attempts to resolve some of the
         | challenges of editing (which I'd argue, again, really involves
         | understanding how musical notation maps chromatic and diatonic
         | scales between each other - ie "picking the best sequence of
         | flats and sharps automatically to maximize readability").
         | 
         | To me, a lot of these "musical notation is outdated" arguments
         | seem the same as "there will soon be no need for programmers;
         | AI can write all our code," or those arguments insisting some
         | "visual programming" paradigm should replace languages like
         | Rust and Python.
         | 
         | That is to say... they're arguments made by people who don't
         | really understand why the existing systems work the way they do
         | and have done so successfully for decades (or centuries).
        
           | riiii wrote:
           | My comment was much more of a philosophical question than a
           | hard criticism on the current system.
           | 
           | Yes I know why it is the way it is. But if you read your
           | comment and your credentials you'll get the gist of what I'm
           | thinking.
        
           | mkoubaa wrote:
           | Do you think that your understanding of the current notation
           | has influenced the way you think about music subconsciously?
           | I assumed you learned the two together rather than in
           | sequence.
        
           | dhosek wrote:
           | It also seems to me that in practical terms, the amount of
           | changing of synthesis parameters in the midst of a song is
           | generally not that great and it's not like we haven't had the
           | similar issue of notating pipe organ stops for a few
           | centuries.
           | 
           | For that matter, it's not like there aren't centuries of
           | alternative notation systems, whether it's tablature, figured
           | bass, or neume notation.
        
             | pclmulqdq wrote:
             | Usually, those are notated just with text placed either
             | above the staff or between the staff lines (for a single
             | organ stop). The normal stops only take a few characters to
             | notate. More modern music for more complex organs will
             | include a small amount of text indicating when to change
             | between stop configurations or sets of manuals that are
             | preset.
             | 
             | I can't imagine it would be that hard to notate such things
             | for electronic music. Good old text sitting next to your
             | good old staff works wonders.
             | 
             | The bigger issue for electronic music, IMO, is the notation
             | of sounds that don't fit on a staff well. Modern classical
             | composers (who use sheet music extensively in the creative
             | process) have various notations for these sorts of things.
        
         | brudgers wrote:
         | Today's standard music notation has ecclesiastical roots. In
         | part because there were incentives to standardize
         | ecclesiastical performances. In part because for a few
         | centuries monks were the Europeans most committed to writing.
        
         | consf wrote:
         | The current system, while effective and historically rich, has
         | complexities and conventions that can be cumbersome
        
         | pclmulqdq wrote:
         | I would beg to disagree with you. Many attempts have been made
         | to replace music notation as we know it, and all have failed.
         | In fact, more cultures around the world are adopting "western"
         | music notation than ever before. It turns out that the
         | expressiveness and information density of the notation are hard
         | to match with any other system.
         | 
         | In turn, the notation that we use has become more flexible than
         | ever. There are rich notations for microtonal music, various
         | playing techniques, clusters of notes, and many more things. If
         | you took a score by a modern composer (see Saad Haddad's pieces
         | on YouTube) and showed it to JS Bach, it would be
         | unrecognizable to him. Music notation is a living language just
         | like English is.
         | 
         | By the way, I have been an on-and-off professional in the music
         | world, although it is a "side gig" to programming, including
         | some composing, tuning, and playing.
         | 
         | However, it is undeniable that music notation is a system made
         | for power users. It's not an easy language to learn. The ideas
         | of "information dense" and "expressive" should remind you of
         | the ideas behind the A programming language.
        
         | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
         | Obligatory (long-form) watch if you're going to continue
         | wondering about this:
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eq3bUFgEcb4
         | 
         | "Notation must die" by Tantacrul
        
       | denton-scratch wrote:
       | Didn't Stockhausen create a notation for electronic music? I was
       | surprised TFA didn't mention it.
        
       | redrobein wrote:
       | Interesting problem to think about. The beauty of modular for me
       | has always been that you can take voltage from literally anywhere
       | and use it for CV. Modern modules also have an insane variety in
       | controls and control surfaces, even for standard things like VCOs
       | you have a ton of variety and featuresets. Saving the patch state
       | is one thing but actually notating is crazy. Like I can't imagine
       | someone being able to read this notation and play it accurately
       | like someone sight reading a piano piece. You'd surely require
       | familiarity with the setup ahead of time. As for recording it for
       | posterity, being verbose and describing what you're doing in full
       | works, I guess.
        
         | bandrami wrote:
         | Didn't pd basically borrow spice's circuit layout language for
         | the way it textually stores patches? I know it exists and it's
         | so brittle that nobody ever, ever, edits it, but maybe there's
         | a way to make it a little more resilient and editable?
        
           | plussed_reader wrote:
           | PD is the non commercial end of Miller Puckettes(and others)
           | contributions to Max/MSP, but with soooo much more.
        
       | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
       | This seems like a somewhat solved problem. Other domains - like
       | CGI - use node networks that show active parameter values. There
       | isn't a lot of space between a node network and a modular synth
       | patch.
       | 
       | The big difference is that you can save and load patches in a
       | node editor, but you have to rebuild everything by hand on a
       | modular. Even then you're never going to reproduce panel settings
       | exactly.
       | 
       | Some people find this appealing, but for me it's the main reason
       | I stopped using my big modular and changed to Cherry/Softtube/VCV
       | Rack.
       | 
       | It's also true that if you're synth-literate you should be able
       | to recreate many patches by ear. There isn't usually that much
       | going on, so it looks a lot more complex on paper than it really
       | is. Things get more complex if you're using modules that play
       | samples or do something exceptionally unique, but even then you
       | can usually get in the ballpark - if not exactly, then close
       | enough for something that works aesthetically.
       | 
       | The _musical_ part is a different problem. You can scribble
       | graphic scores, but they 're far too crude to represent anything
       | beyond the vaguest hint of what's going on.
        
         | pclmulqdq wrote:
         | Notated organ music has had the "modular synthesizer" problem
         | for centuries. The solution that organists chose was to just
         | write stuff down in front of the score. It would probably be a
         | lot more clear than any of the suggestions in the article to
         | use a node network and a short text description of the settings
         | of each node.
         | 
         | People also need to let go of the idea that written music is
         | about conveying how to create an exact reproduction of the
         | original sound. That's what a recording is for. A musical score
         | conveys the scheme under which to produce sound, and notates
         | the important characteristics of the sound to produce.
         | Everything else is intentionally left up to the performer.
         | 
         | If you don't believe that is valuable, you don't need to use it
         | as a tool. However, it allows future musicians to both
         | understand what you were thinking and put their own spin on
         | your work.
        
       | joshcsimmons wrote:
       | Oh look my old discipline. I feel compelled to weigh in since my
       | PhD research largely explored this topic albeit in virtual
       | reality.
       | 
       | Innovations and discoveries here (including my own) seem largely
       | pointless. It's a classic example of "you spent so much wondering
       | if you could, you never stopped to think if you should".
       | 
       | The authors final section Does Notation Even Matter hits on the
       | larger points I would make - ephemerality of voltage (tuning),
       | difference in modular systems, etc., however it fails to make a
       | strong case for the need to notate this kind of music apart from
       | form(?).
       | 
       | It is disappointing to see these kind of regressive pursuits
       | still enjoying any kind of popularity in avant garde music
       | circles - they are experimenting with new and novel instruments,
       | why would paper, out of all modern mediums available to the
       | artist, be the best suited for notating this kind of music?
        
         | brudgers wrote:
         | Perfect Circuit is a Los Angeles based retailer specializing in
         | electronic instruments. It has practical interest in usage
         | issues with modular synthesizers given its large base of
         | professional customers in recording, film, and other creative
         | industries.
        
         | singingfish wrote:
         | bottom of the article has a section "Does Notation Even
         | Matter?"
        
       | satyarthms wrote:
       | Slightly offtop, but a cool [web-based livecoded modular
       | synth](https://felixroos.github.io/kabelsalat/)
        
         | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
         | Less off-topic, and a cool [web-based] virtual modular synth:
         | https://cardinal.kx.studio/
         | 
         | Cardinal runs natively, as a plugin in various formats, and in
         | your browser. It is based on VCV Rack 2, but has a fixed
         | (large) selection of libre-licensed modules.
        
       | tibbon wrote:
       | I'm both fascinated by notation attempts for modular, and find
       | them refreshingly useless.
       | 
       | I've been playing with modular synths for over 25 years. One of
       | my favorite parts is the ephemeral nature of patching. A bump of
       | a knob or the nature of unsynced elements can quickly make actual
       | recall of a larger patch impossible. Due to heat or other
       | variability I've had patches change on me over 45 minutes of no
       | one touching them. In a world of digital recall and perfection;
       | this really speaks to me. Immediacy can be relished. It is now or
       | never
        
         | demondemidi wrote:
         | I saw Morton Subotnik at my college and he spoke of phase shift
         | due to heating of poorly design VCOs in a serendipitous way
         | rather than something to be feared.
        
       | motohagiography wrote:
       | coincidentally working on a related problem today, which is how
       | to find if a procedural sequence of notes can be expressed as a
       | function, or if there is a general technique for this.
        
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