[HN Gopher] Lots of people in education disagree with the premis...
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       Lots of people in education disagree with the premise of maximizing
       learning
        
       Author : JustinSkycak
       Score  : 24 points
       Date   : 2024-07-09 15:00 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.justinmath.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.justinmath.com)
        
       | taylodl wrote:
       | This article is a bit terse, but at least it hits one thing: math
       | is a different subject than most, math is a _skill_ - just like a
       | sport or learning an instrument (or learning a foreign language,
       | for that matter) and mastering a _skill_ is different than
       | acquiring knowledge about a subject.
       | 
       | The problem is we don't point out that difference to students and
       | inform them how that difference should change their approach. For
       | example, I told my kids that math is a skill, and like all
       | skills, practice is required for mastery. It's not math
       | _homework_ , it's math _practice._ That 's not a cutesy
       | statement, either. They understood that even if they had no
       | homework assigned, they should still spend a few moments
       | practicing their math. That approach paid-off in spades!
        
         | mncharity wrote:
         | > math is a different subject than most, math is a _skill_
         | 
         | Interesting framing. It prompted me to wonder, what aspects of
         | science education are taught as a skill, are what aren't but
         | could/should be?
         | 
         | Scientific argumentation/dialog (part of science literacy)
         | seems occasionally taught as a skill. Perhaps roleplay,
         | reflective practice, and drill, are then underutilized?
         | 
         | An order-of-magnitude sense of size is regrettably very not
         | taught as a skill. So despite being taught primary through
         | undergraduate, and being part of most every science and
         | engineering curricula, it's very little _used_ by other
         | content, and even graduate student grasp is often weak.
         | Teaching a sense of size as a skill, as a framework for
         | organizing one 's knowledge of the physical world, might be an
         | interesting opportunity.
         | 
         | Much of intro physics seems taught as plug-and-chug skills. So
         | being a "skill" seems at least somewhat orthogonal to
         | transferability, utility, etc. Is applying physics to your
         | everyday life ever taught as a skill? Or an experimentalist
         | mindset?
        
       | lkdfjlkdfjlg wrote:
       | > And there are plenty of teachers who are incentivized to use
       | easy, fun, low-accountability, hard-to-measure practice
       | techniques that keep students, parents, and administrators off
       | their back.
       | 
       | I've been visiting schools in London and I've noticed that
       | teachers/headmasters "sell" their schools with claims that their
       | schools are "inclusive" or use "play based learning" or "great
       | activities" etc. Everything and anything, but being serious about
       | learning. I kind fo get the impression that the approaching to
       | schooling is to get kids off parent's backs. Like "we'll take
       | them, they'll have fun, don't worry about it". Extremely
       | frustrating.
       | 
       | If anyone has here experience with schools in London, shoot me an
       | email and lets talk? (email in profile)
        
         | JustinSkycak wrote:
         | There's a lot of that too in the USA. Unfortunately, the
         | strategy works because the learning debt doesn't come due until
         | the students graduate, and at that point, it's somebody else's
         | problem.
         | 
         | Parents get sold an idea that their kids are learning, but this
         | learning isn't actually verified along the way, so nobody is
         | held accountable for making it happen.
         | 
         | (Sure, the kid might say they're learning and the teacher might
         | say they're doing a great job, but can you really trust that
         | when both parties are incentivized to say that learning is
         | happening and penalized for saying that it's not?)
         | 
         | By the time the kids graduate, the learning debt is so massive
         | that it's easier to just change the narrative. Johnny got
         | smacked in the face by math class at college and no longer
         | wants to be an engineer? It hurts too much to accept the truth
         | that life could have been different if he had seriously learned
         | math in high school. So instead it's "ah well, engineering is
         | hard and Johnny was never really cut out for it." Or even
         | "Johnny's engineering class is unfair."
        
           | mncharity wrote:
           | Years ago I was watching so-called "best practices" videos on
           | teaching estimation in early primary. I was astonished. Often
           | the skill being coached seemed to be participative
           | performance in a collaborative pretense of understanding.
           | What to do, and not do, so we can both pretend learning has
           | occurred and move on. With the teachers themselves largely
           | unclear on the concepts.
           | 
           | Ongoing formative assessment is usually closely associated
           | with instruction, with attendant conflicts of interest. I
           | wonder if say LLMs, might transformatively permit fine-grain
           | and adaptive assessment. So a "what have you been learning?"
           | dialog for objective identification, and then assessment
           | across the objective neighborhood. With potential for
           | tutoring of course. But here emphasizing a possibility for
           | rapid verification of learning.
        
             | JustinSkycak wrote:
             | > Often the skill being coached seemed to be participative
             | performance in a collaborative pretense of understanding.
             | What to do, and not do, so we can both pretend learning has
             | occurred and move on.
             | 
             | And the more you do that, the more you're shutting off any
             | possibility of any learning occurring in the future
             | (because the student will not have acquired the
             | prerequisites for whatever they're supposed to be
             | learning).
        
             | lkdfjlkdfjlg wrote:
             | Think you could find a link?
        
       | readthenotes1 wrote:
       | The book systemantics claims that systems exist to perpetuate
       | themselvesand not to perform the function for which they were
       | created.
       | 
       | This is working as expected for the school systems which were
       | created to make drones for the factories and to appease the
       | Communist revolutionaries in the 1800s.
        
       | bglazer wrote:
       | Yes, spaced repetition and regular testing are effective in a
       | purely mechanical sense. They're good ways to acquire knowledge
       | and skills. But, it's really worth noting second order
       | considerations. Does the median student enjoy the testing and
       | repetition enough to be motivated to do them? Do they understand
       | the utility or applications of the skill? Are you even teaching
       | the right set or sequence of skills? I think these considerations
       | have gotten more traction in recent years, possibly at the cost
       | of acquiring the skills themselves. That said, I don't think the
       | cynicism in the article about teachers just wanting fun easy
       | activities is warranted. They have to consider other things than
       | the most mechanically effective methods of learning.
        
       | gnicholas wrote:
       | I thought this was going to be about the no-child-left-behind
       | mindset, which results in teachers spending most of their time
       | focusing on the slowest learners and very little time on students
       | who are already at/above grade level. That mindset is certainly
       | common in our school, and learning for the latter students is
       | closer to flatlined than maximized.
       | 
       | Maximizing learning via SR is interesting, but it seems like it's
       | the furthest thing from our kids' teachers' minds.
        
         | JustinSkycak wrote:
         | That's a fair point about what you expected to read. That said,
         | while I agree that "teach to the slowest learners" is common
         | and results in flatlined learning for at/above-grade-level
         | students, I would argue it's somewhat orthogonal to the claim
         | "disagree with the premise of maximizing learning."
         | 
         | If you teach to the slowest learners, then it's still possible
         | you might agree with the premise of maximizing learning (for
         | the slowest learners). So, I can't use "teach to the slowest
         | learners" to argue that many people disagree with that premise
         | in an absolute sense (for all learners).
        
           | gnicholas wrote:
           | I considered mentioning in my first post that the school's
           | behavior does not maximize overall learning because such a
           | large portion of the students are at/above grade level. It is
           | possible that their method of teaching the below-grade level
           | students is consistent with maximizing learning for those
           | students. I would think that for students who are behind, you
           | would want to increase engagement/fun in order to increase
           | the likelihood of maximizing learning in the long run. If you
           | just wanted to get their scores up that year, you might focus
           | more on drills instead.
        
       | hardenedapple wrote:
       | I am very doubtful of the suggestions that those arguing against
       | testing and spaced repetition are just not trying to help people
       | grow.
       | 
       | My 6 month old is currently learning a whole host of things, and
       | we are doing repetition and watching his growth -- so no
       | disagreement on the premise that these things are good. But we
       | are also making great pains to ensure that he is playing, is
       | always happy doing new things, and doesn't have to continue if he
       | gets overwhelmed and/or bored. We do this because the mentality
       | of someone when learning is a huge factor in what they get out of
       | the activity.
       | 
       | I had the impression that the current push against testing and
       | repetition is because it ended up with children hyper-focussed on
       | "passing the test" skills but not spending the time to question
       | things too deeply and gain that understanding that actually helps
       | the workforce (like Feynman noticed in Brazil).
        
       | shkkmo wrote:
       | I would point out that "repetition" is not all equal. Education
       | has a tendency to front load lots of repetition which creates
       | boredom and disengagement. The spacing of repetition is often
       | poorly done and rarely individualized.
       | 
       | Part of what makes "spaced repetition" so effective is that the
       | spacing is customized based on performance and you aren't forced
       | to keep frequently practicing the things you know well and can
       | focus that effort on the things that aren't quite clicking.
       | 
       | As testing becomes more standardized, it does a worse job of
       | assisting with the education process and serves only as a
       | measurement tool. Tying funding to standardized test results
       | turns them into a gamifies metric that actively makes education
       | worse.
       | 
       | Edit: I believe an important goal of education should be to
       | instill joy in and desire for learning. These are important for
       | the kinds of self directed practice that are key to making
       | progress because we have a some natural sense for what challenges
       | us and what doesn't. This should be supplemented by experts
       | explaining how skills link together and build on top of each so
       | we know how to learn a skill that is currently too hard to
       | practice directly.
        
         | JustinSkycak wrote:
         | I agree that spaced repetition is often done poorly and needs
         | to be customized based on performance.
         | 
         | Just putting this here because you might find it interesting: I
         | spent several years building a fully-individualized spaced
         | repetition system that not only
         | 
         | 1) works in a hierarchical knowledge domain (where repetitions
         | on advanced topics "trickle down" to update the repetition
         | schedules of simpler topics that are implicitly practiced), but
         | also
         | 
         | 2) minimizes the number of reviews by choosing reviews whose
         | implicit repetitions "knock out" other due reviews (like
         | dominos), and
         | 
         | 3) calibrates the spaced repetition process to each individual
         | student on each individual topic (student performance and topic
         | difficulty are competing factors).
         | 
         | You can read more about it here if interested:
         | https://www.justinmath.com/individualized-spaced-repetition-...
        
       | dongobread wrote:
       | I get what this piece is trying to say, but it's ignoring the
       | fact that schools are trying to maximize learning with pupils who
       | often don't want or care about learning (unlike with athletes or
       | musicians who are generally learning their craft by choice).
       | 
       | A significant part of teaching disinterested students (not just
       | in a grade school but in general) is about making the subject
       | interesting enough that students will want to spend time on
       | learning and continue to delve further in their free time.
       | 
       | If you're trying to teach someone web development, would you have
       | them churn through a stack of predetermined bootcamp-style
       | projects, or would let them try to build something they have
       | personal interest in? I bet the latter method would turn out much
       | better for the student in the long run.
        
       | robocat wrote:
       | Mathematics is mostly not that useful. Unfortunately most useful
       | skills are not explicitly taught by our education system.
       | 
       | Negotiation. Cooperation. Compromise. Communication. Soft-skills
       | are poorly taught and hard to learn. We mostly learn these skills
       | subconciously. Even when trying to learn them conciously it is
       | difficult.
       | 
       | Mathematics hasn't been of much use to me over decades of working
       | in software. 90% of my degree in electronic engineering was
       | mathematics (I didn't know better). Some skills needed for my
       | software practice: (a) focusing on the right problem (b) talking
       | to users (c) concentrating on usability (d) design skills (e)
       | negotiation, (f) obstinacy in the face of problems outside of my
       | control (g) choosing who to work with.
       | 
       | University level mathematics is clearly required in some software
       | domains.
        
       | dave333 wrote:
       | Spaced repetition should be automated by inserting it into the
       | most popular games that education authorities can license in
       | bulk. So students get to play their favorite games for free but
       | they have to do spaced repetition learning to get to the next
       | level in the game. Doesn't require school buildings or teachers.
       | 
       | Teachers should be incentivized based on the grades gained by
       | their students during their tutelage. So grades gained = grade
       | after - grade before summed over all students.
        
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       (page generated 2024-07-09 23:01 UTC)